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How to build a summer frame house. Country house - step-by-step construction technology. Video: installing a frame house

The dream of many city dwellers is a beautiful small house outside the city, where they can escape from the hustle and bustle of the city, hide from the heat, and feel the pleasant freshness of the earth under their feet instead of hot asphalt. But not everyone’s dreams come true; it seems that a country house is complicated, expensive, and time-consuming. In fact, building a country house with your own hands is quite simple.

Planning the space

Choosing a location for a future country house is not the time for hasty decisions, because there is not that much space. Thoughtful, competent planning will help you use every piece of land as efficiently as possible. Even though this is your land, you will have to fulfill a number of requirements, maintaining a minimum distance:

• from the street – 5 m
• from the passage – 3 m
• from the neighboring plot - 3 m

We are not considering the option with a low area - water will accumulate there. Optimally, the highest place on the site is in its northern (northwestern) part.

Projects of small country houses

Considering typical designs of country houses, it is easy to notice that the undisputed favorite is a one-story building with an attic. This is a time-tested option for a country house, but you can dispense with the utility unit, because equipment and household supplies can be stored in the attic.

You can add a terrace to the house - in summer it can be used as a dining room. Two-story country houses often obtained without actually constructing a “clean” second floor, having arranged instead attic. Then on the ground floor you can plan a kitchen and living room, and the second floor - for the personal space (bedrooms) of the owners.

Advice! You can save significantly on the heating system - even at the most modest prices for installing a classic one (boiler, pipes and radiators) accounts for 15-20% of the total budget. If you are building a small country house with your own hands, where you plan to live only during the “season” (late spring - early autumn), then to heat it in bad weather, you can get by with electric or infrared heaters.

Prefabricated country houses are becoming very popular - unpretentious, outwardly monotonous parallelepipeds with roof We replaced buildings that were interesting in architectural terms, with an improved layout, one or two floors.

You are buying a kind of construction kit; such a country house can be easily erected with only basic knowledge about construction. The main thing is that it already includes all the systems - electrical wiring, ventilation, air conditioning, plumbing. This will help avoid many mistakes that beginners make when they decide to build a country house with their own hands.

A prefabricated country house is designed for a long holiday with family or friends; it is larger in area, can be one or two floors, with an improved layout. Such a house is equipped with a technical room, a kitchen, rest rooms and a bathroom, equipped with a heating, ventilation, air conditioning system, and supplied with electricity.

The house can be equipped with a water heater, sink, countertop, hanging shelves, shower cabin, necessary plumbing. After installing such a country house, no additional repair work is required; it is completely ready for use.

Laying the foundation

The choice of foundation type is directly related to the choice of material from which the house will be built, as well as the number of storeys. Light houses (from rounded wood, timber, frame houses and modular) can be erected on a columnar or screw foundation; heavy (brick, aerated concrete, stone, concrete blocks) and two-story houses will require the laying of a strip foundation (as an option - a prefabricated one, made of reinforced concrete blocks) along the entire perimeter and under the load-bearing walls of the house.

It is important to know the depth of soil freezing - the foundation should be laid below this level, taking into account the level at which groundwater lies.

In the basement part, it is necessary to install waterproofing at a level of 0.2-0.5 m from the ground. If the soil is dry enough (sand), a cement-sand screed 2-4 cm thick can be used as a screed. For wet soil, roofing material will need to be laid on top of such a screed - in two layers. As an option, roofing felt can be glued onto a dry screed using hot mastic. Waterproofing is installed below the expected level of laying the floor beams.

Advice! In the basement, to ensure ventilation of the subfloor, small holes are made, which are covered with a protective mesh.

A blind area is created around the base, its width is at least 70 cm (it should protrude further than the overhang of the cornice), with a slight slope directed from the walls of the house. To do this, the top layer of earth is removed, clay (sand) is poured, a layer of crushed stone (gravel, broken brick) is poured on top of it and filled with concrete (rolled with asphalt).

Floor and walls

Flooring begins with laying joists. To insulate the floor, insulation is laid between the joists, on top of which a vapor barrier is laid. It is attached to the joists with a stapler, and the joints are taped. Then the subfloor is laid, for which they use an unedged, cheapest board, having previously treated it with an agent against dampness and rot. And only then the finished floor is laid out. In a two-story house, the frame for the floor on the second floor is the ceiling beams of the first.

How to build a garden house with your own hands, stages of construction, how to insulate a house, tips on building a foundation, walls and roof. Interior and exterior finishing.

A large number of people, if they don’t already have it, then at least in their minds want their own summer cottage and, of course, to have a garden house built on it. To save on construction, many create small structures with their own hands, but if opportunities allow, it can be built to a more impressive size.

This article will help you create the garden house of your dreams, after reading it you will learn the design features of the garden house, what tools are used for this, how to lay a reliable foundation, the nuances of constructing the frame and the correct execution of the cladding. How to perform high-quality insulation, what a foam coat is and why you need a ventilated façade.

How to correctly create and take into account the design of a garden house, proper space planning, technology for constructing a garden house, the reliability of wall construction, the formation of high-quality floors and ceilings, how to install a roof, the nuances of creating a country house. How much does it cost to build a garden house?
Proper construction of the roof and attic, high-quality interior and exterior finishing of the structure, how to install ceiling joists.

What are economy class houses, revealing the issues of building a panel structure, what materials are best used for this.

Design features

Today, construction technologies offer the construction of garden houses not only from classic materials (logs, cinder blocks, bricks), but also to use plywood sheets, OSB, aerated concrete blocks, foam blocks, timber, etc. as the main building materials.

But it is plywood garden houses that have excellent soundproofing and thermal insulation characteristics, along with ease of work and inexpensive construction costs.

Another advantage of this construction is the opportunity to make a house out of plywood with your own hands. This allows you to significantly reduce the cost of hiring professional teams. But it must be borne in mind that garden houses made of timber and plywood have some disadvantages, for example, the vulnerability of the latter to aggressive actions of the external environment. Accordingly, additional measures must be taken to protect this building material, and this, in turn, increases costs.

Plywood is also an unsafe building material for home residents in terms of penetration by intruders. Therefore, when building a garden house from timber and plywood, external finishing work is required, for example, siding, which, in addition to decoration, also hides the main material used in construction from prying eyes.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Ask a question to an expert

Country houses are built using frame technology, which is gaining increasing popularity in many

Countries of the world.

This is explained by its main advantages:

• there is no need to rent special construction equipment;
• no strong foundation required;
• the country house has excellent energy saving characteristics;
• the ability to quickly complete construction work;
• Due to the lightness of the structure and the materials used during construction, the walls do not shrink.

But the wood that is used to build a house (boards for roof sheathing, bars for wall frames) must be dry, and plywood sheets must have a minimum of chips at the edges. In addition, all wood materials must be additionally treated with special compounds that can provide the required fire safety and also protect against moisture.

The construction of a frame plywood house can be divided into the following stages:

• foundation construction;
• construction of wall frames and plywood cladding;
• roof installation;
• insulation;
• finishing works (internal and external).

A one-story frame country house is an ideal solution for those who want to equip a warm and comfortable home with their own hands at a low price and as quickly as possible. You can build such a summer house with your own hands in just a season!

Advantages of frame houses

However, if you are going to do construction with your own hands, then you cannot do without additional wood processing. Frame buildings pride themselves on their durability. As experts in the construction of such buildings note, the house can last more than 50 years.

Disadvantages of frame country houses

But besides the advantages, there are several important ones. The first drawback is the fire hazard. You may ask why we used to talk about the fire resistance of such buildings? The answer is quite simple - country frame houses are built from wood, which supports combustion. Therefore, it is important to treat the wood with fire retardants, which reduce the possibility of fire to a minimum. This also applies to the appearance of mold and rot, to which all building materials are susceptible. That is why, when purchasing wood, you need to follow all stages of its drying and processing with special means, and it is better to purchase material from trusted suppliers.

Many people attribute a reduced level of strength to one-story frame buildings. This is true when compared with brick or stone houses, but there is no need to be afraid that the house will be blown away by strong winds or a hurricane. But for this it is necessary to follow all stages and construction technology. The main disadvantage is that such buildings do not “breathe”. The problem is that construction materials that have been treated with various impregnations begin to allow air to pass through worse. To solve this problem, you just need to install a high-quality ventilation system at your dacha.

Another fact that is considered a minus is the low level of sound insulation. The use of additional soundproofing materials will help. As you can see, frame buildings have both pros and cons. And they should be taken into account in order to make the right choice. However, if we take into account the number of advantages and disadvantages that can be eliminated quite simply and economically, the benefits of building such a house on a summer cottage are visible to the naked eye. All that remains is to tell you how to build a frame country house with your own hands.

Building a country frame house with your own hands begins with creating the foundation - the foundation. In this case, you need a regular foundation, like for a simple house. The only difference is that since one-story houses are most often built, it is simply impractical to build them too deep. The best option is a strip foundation or a prefabricated foundation made of concrete blocks. True, to achieve durability, you cannot do without high-quality waterproofing.

You can build a base of asbestos pipes. In this case, the main condition is the uniform arrangement of the supports. To do this, you need to mark points along the perimeter in increments of 1 meter. After this, in each marked place we dig a hole up to 1 meter deep and a width equal to the diameter of the pipes. We place the pipes vertically, tamp the soil and fill it with concrete.

If you do all the work yourself, then to prepare a suitable mixture you need to take cement, sand, crushed stone in proportions 3: 1: 4. After pouring the cement, it must be left for several days to allow the mixture to dry and strengthen. In this case, it is advisable to protect the structure from direct sunlight, otherwise the cement may crack.

Installing a floor with your own hands is the second stage in construction

After pouring the foundation, we begin arranging the floor. Work begins with laying a waterproofing layer - for this we line the perimeter of the walls with roofing felt. Next, lay the boards on top of the roofing material, treat them with an anti-rotting compound and leave to dry. It is important to remember that installation must be as precise as possible. A distortion of the material even by a millimeter will lead to disruption of the geometry of the entire building.

The accuracy of setting the angles is important - the maximum permissible deviation should be no more than 1 cm. The subfloor, which can be an unedged board, is secured using anchor bolts - for them, holes are drilled in the concrete base in increments of 2 meters. Next, we fasten the logs, laying the selected insulation material between them. At the next stage, we lay the finished floor boards, which are compacted using construction staples and secured to the joists with nails.

Make sure that all elements of the building are made of the same type of wood. Otherwise, differences in expansion coefficients will lead to misalignment of the house. The finished floor must be cleaned with a plane, polished and treated with oil or drying oil. If in the future you are going to cover the floor with linoleum or other floor covering, then polishing the floor with a planer is not necessary.

Building walls and frame of a house with your own hands

Building a one-story house with your own hands includes building a frame with walls. The work is divided into several stages:

• The construction of the lower trim, which is made from joined beams using the tongue-and-groove method in such a way that there is not the slightest gap left. Experts do not recommend using metal fasteners, because upon contact with metal, the wood may begin to rot. Therefore, it is better to use wooden dowels.
• Installation of vertical boards. In the places where the boards will be placed, you need to install dowels. Do-it-yourself construction starts with the installation of corner posts attached to dowels. The beam must be set vertically, using a temporary spacer to fix the angle.
  
• Upper frame frame. This stage is carried out after strengthening the racks and their subsequent fixation in a vertical position. All angles must be strictly straight. Installation of ceiling buoys, which should be located every 50 cm, coinciding with the location of the vertical posts.
• Installation of support beams, which are installed where the interior partitions will be located. This will prevent the ceiling from sagging and add strength to the structure. After installing the frame, the building should be sheathed with boards. Do not forget about the need to install windows - it is best if their size does not exceed 20% of the size of the walls.
  

Roofing a house - step by step

The roof can be assembled either on the ground, after which it is moved upstairs, or directly on the house. Choose the option that is convenient for you. First you need to prepare the rafters - comb the ends of the beams, which should form an angle of 50° at the end connection. For fastening, it is best to use nails and crossbars. As a result of the work, you should have roof elements resembling the letter A.

Next, we create the sheathing - nail the boards to the rafters at a distance of 10 cm so that they extend 25 cm beyond the ends. After this, the sheathing is covered with roofing felt (waterproofing) or other durable synthetic film. Attach the material with a construction stapler. At the last stage we lay the roof. We screw the selected material over the roofing felt.

In this case, laying work begins from the bottom rows, and the sheets themselves are mounted overlapping. The roof extending beyond the edges of the sheathing is cut off. At the last stage, the ridge strip is attached and a drainage system with several drains is constructed. A variety of materials can be used as roofing: corrugated sheeting; metal tiles; ondulin.

The last stage of work is insulation and finishing

First you need to decide on the choice of thermal insulation materials. They are chosen depending on the purpose of the house. The inside of the wall can be sheathed with boards or plasterboard using self-tapping screws. Drywall, in turn, is covered with wallpaper or painted - here you can choose for yourself. Don't forget about insulating your home.

If you will use your country house as a permanent place of residence, it is advisable to use expanded polystyrene or mineral wool. For a summer cottage, you can use lighter and less expensive insulation.

We lay the insulation material between the beams in this way and secure it with brackets. We lay a waterproofing film on top of the material and fill it with thin slats - this will ensure normal ventilation. The outside of the house can be finished with gardening panels, clapboard or any other material for external cladding. By the way, having chosen wooden sheathing, nail it at an angle of no more than 45° and do not do it firmly, since the wood may swell or dry out a little over time.

As you can see, anyone can build a house with their own hands. You just need to purchase the materials and follow all instructions exactly. After all, this is the only way to enjoy all the advantages of frame houses.

Our step by step instructions We will divide the construction of a frame house into several stages:

It is worth noting that each stage of building a frame house deserves a separate article, in addition to everything, if you describe all possible options for foundations, roofs, etc., you can get a whole book. In this regard, to improve readability, some steps in construction are described in detail in separate articles, but here - only what concerns the features specifically frame house.

Step No. 1: Preparatory work for the construction of a frame house

Preparatory work for the construction of any house is the same and includes:

1. Site preparation
2. House marking

Site preparation

First, you need to clear the area of ​​vegetation, if not all, then at least the place where the house will be built. This will greatly facilitate the marking and allow you to make it more accurately.

If the construction site has a large slope, then, depending on the type of foundation and desire, it can be pre-leveled using special equipment.

Attention! Do not neglect this procedure, spending 1-2 hours on clearing, in the future you will make your work much easier, and measurements in the grass may be subject to a large error.

House marking

Marking is a very important stage, because the layout and evenness of the corners of the walls depends on it. If the marking is inaccurate, it will be very difficult to correct this error in the next stages.

Marking the foundation of a frame house, as well as any other, as a rule, includes preliminary placement of pegs (all external walls are marked), as well as marking all internal walls.

If you want to learn how to correctly mark the foundation for a house with your own hands, and so that all the walls and corners are level and correspond to the project, I advise you to read my article about this. Given the large amount of information, it had to be submitted separately.

Step No. 2: Do-it-yourself foundation for a frame house

The great advantage of a frame house is that almost any type of foundation is suitable for its construction. The only limitation is the type of soil on the site and your capabilities.

It is worth saying that laying the foundation for a frame house with your own hands deserves separate topics of discussion and is included in separate articles. Moreover, there are several types of suitable foundations, and it’s up to you to decide which one to choose.

Here I will tell you in a nutshell about suitable foundations for a frame house, and in what cases each of them is used, and also give links to their detailed description.

The most common type of foundation for a frame house is a pile-screw foundation. This is practically the simplest and cheapest option for such a house, especially since installing a pile-screw foundation is not difficult even with your own hands.

Such a foundation is suitable for almost any soil, except rocky ones. Particularly suitable for swampy soils, where dense soils are located deep and other types require huge costs.

In general, all the pros and cons of pile-screw foundations are discussed in another topic that will help you decide on the choice of support for your home.

Shallow strip foundation

Shallow strip foundations are also used quite often for construction. This is due to the relatively low cost of laying it, as well as the possibility of using concrete floors in the house.

Such a foundation, due to its relative fragility, requires strict adherence to laying technology.

As a rule, a shallow strip foundation is used in good soils, and is strictly contraindicated in soils with very high groundwater levels and swampy soils.

Slab foundation for a frame house

Recently, slab foundations have become increasingly popular for building a frame house with your own hands. Despite its considerable cost, it has obvious advantages, such as versatility, reliability, durability, and it can also be used as a subfloor in the house and not spend money on it separately.

Often, instead of a classic monolithic slab, a slab foundation with stiffeners is used. This allows you to save a little on laying, and also strengthens the entire structure as a whole.

Step No. 3: Installing the floor of a frame house with your own hands

The floors in a frame house are not much different from the floors of other types of houses and can be wooden or concrete. The choice depends entirely on the type of foundation, capabilities and desires.

In this step-by-step instructions, we will look in detail only at the wooden floor, concrete - in a nutshell, since it is used less often, and it is not possible to fit everything into one article.

Concrete floor installation

It is worth noting that a concrete floor in a frame house is installed in cases of a slab foundation or a strip foundation. With a slab, everything is clear - the slab itself will be the floor of the first floor.

But if the foundation is strip, the concrete floor is made of lightweight concrete, such as expanded clay concrete, for example.

Wooden floor installation

Let's look at the construction of a wooden floor using the example of a pile-screw foundation. For the tape, in principle, everything is done in exactly the same way, with the exception of the lower trim, which can be made of thinner timber. But first things first.

Tying the foundation of a frame house

The installation of a wooden floor begins with tying the foundation. As a rule, the piping is made from timber 150x150 or 150x200, depending on the thickness of the wall and the distance between the piles. The greater the distance, the thicker the timber should be to avoid sagging.

The strapping is necessary, firstly, in order to give rigidity to the foundation, secondly, to evenly distribute the load on the foundation, and thirdly, it will serve as a support for the future floor of the frame house.

In order to easily carry out the tying process with your own hands, we will divide it into several stages:

1. The timber is laid out along the perimeter of the foundation, the length of the walls and diagonals are checked. At this stage, the final and accurate marking of the walls is carried out, according to the project. By the way, don’t forget about waterproofing, which we put under the harness in the form of roofing felt.
   
2. The next step is to outline the joining points of the timber; they should be located on the pile, since these will be the weakest points that should not “hang”. This applies to houses whose walls are longer than the length of the purchased beams.
   
3. The timber is joined with an overlap of 20-30cm, as shown in the photo. To do this, so-called “locks” are cut out from the end.
   
4. The corners fit almost exactly the same way. This is clearly visible in the photo.
   
5. The beam is attached to the foundation using bolts or studs. To do this, you need to drill holes both in the head of the foundation and in the beam itself. For ease of further installation, protruding parts - bolt heads or nuts with studs - must be deepened. The joints are additionally punched with nails measuring 150 mm or 200 mm, depending on the size of the timber.
   
6. Once the perimeter is ready, we move on to the final step - tying the foundation under the internal walls of the frame house. This beam, to the already installed external one, is attached in the same way. For reinforcement, you can additionally use fastening metal corners.
   

When the piping of the foundation of the frame house is ready, we proceed to the next stage of our instructions - the construction of the floor frame.

Floor frame in the house

It is worth noting that already at this stage it is advisable to provide for all communications entering the house, such as water and sewerage. Electricity and gas can be supplied later, but if you plan everything in advance, there will be much fewer problems later.

The next step is to install the joists on top of the trim. If the distance between the supports is about 4 meters, then it would be better to use timber measuring 100x200mm or 100x150mm. You can use a 50x200mm or 50x150mm board, sewing them together in twos.

If the distance is less than 3 meters, you can use a board measuring 50x150mm or better 50x200mm.

Installation of logs is a simple stage in assembling a frame house, but there are some nuances that must be covered in these instructions:

Do-it-yourself waterproofing and insulation of the floor of a frame house

It is worth noting that waterproofing, as well as vapor barrier, must be installed with an overlap, according to the instructions for the material, while preventing moisture from entering the insulation, both from the outside and from the inside. And the insulation itself is laid tightly, without gaps.

So we have looked at the instructions for installing the floor of a frame house, now it’s time to start working on the walls.

Step No. 4: Construction of the walls of a frame house

Our next step instructions I will be installing the walls myself. Just like with the floor, we will fasten all the boards and beams with nails and (or) mounting metal corners; some fastenings can be made with studs.

It is worth noting that almost the entire frame is assembled from boards measuring 50x150mm or 50x200mm, depending on the required wall thickness and the required insulation thickness.

Some people think that it would be better to install timber in the corners of a frame house, but this is not entirely correct, and I’ll tell you why a little later, during the installation process.

So, let's start assembling the frame of the walls of the future house.

For better understanding and assimilation, we will divide our instructions for installing the walls of a frame house into several stages:

1. Assembling the walls of a frame house. Windows and doors
2. Installation and fastening of walls vertically on site

Assembling the walls of a frame house with your own hands. Windows and doors

We will assemble the walls on the already finished floor of the frame house; this is the most convenient option. But we must take into account that in this case, it is necessary that all dimensions be accurate so that the walls do not turn out to be longer or shorter than the already installed floor.

To make it clear what I'm talking about, first look at sectional wall of a frame house , and then I will tell you everything in order.

Now let’s look at step by step how to assemble all the walls of a frame house with your own hands:

1. First of all, we need to decide on the ceiling height in the house. Let's assume that the height of the rough ceiling will be 280cm. This means that the vertical posts of the frame walls should be 280-15 = 265cm. The diagram shows where the 15 cm came from.
   
2. The distance between the racks, as a rule, is selected based on the width of the insulation sheet, as a rule, its width is 60 cm. If the insulation is on a cotton basis, then the distance is made less by 2 cm, for a tighter contact.
   
3. The top and bottom boards of the wall are laid out on the floor and the places where the vertical posts will be nailed are marked. Then the racks themselves are laid out and pierced with 120-150mm nails. You can additionally fasten them with corners.
   
4. It is worth noting that each wall will be smaller in wall thickness than the length of the floor. This is clearly visible in the diagram.
   
5. If the length of the wall is greater than the length of the board, then the wall is assembled from several parts. This is also done in cases where there are few helpers, because the entire assembled wall will have a lot of weight.
   
6. As a rule, to add rigidity to the entire structure, jumpers are mounted between the racks. There are no strict rules on the number and frequency of installation, it all depends on the length and height of the walls, but usually they are installed one or two per space between the racks. The second option is better and is visible in the photo; in the case when they are made one at a time, they are mounted in a checkerboard pattern (one at the bottom, the next at the top). This can be done later, when the walls are installed. Most often, jumpers are made with the expectation that they will serve as a joint for plywood or osb boards, depending on further work.
   
7. Window and door openings in the wall of a frame house are arranged as shown in the diagram.
   
8. This is what it looks like “live”.
   

The most common mistake when assembling the walls of a frame house is that many people forget to take into account the thickness of the board when calculating, thus the wall is not as long as we would like.

Putting the walls in place

It is worth noting that when assembling walls, it is necessary to use a cord, pulling it from one corner to another, otherwise the corners will be even, but the walls will not.

Top trim and structural reinforcement

So, the frame of the walls has been assembled, now you need to make the top frame from the same board as the walls.

The top trim is necessary, first of all, for stronger adhesion of the corners, and will also give unity to all parts of the frame walls and distribute the load between them.

To do this, it is necessary to pierce the board with 120-150mm nails over the walls, along the entire perimeter, including the internal load-bearing ones, so that all joints are covered with an overlap of at least 25-30 cm. Except for the corners, where the overlap will be equal to the thickness of the wall.

The next step in our instructions will be to strengthen the entire structure as a whole. There are several options, the most common is reinforcement using plywood or OSB board.

As a rule, having pierced one side along the entire perimeter (internal or external) with sheets of OSB boards, the frame of the house already becomes very rigid.

Internal partitions of a frame house

The construction of internal partitions is almost no different from the construction of external walls, except that they have more lenient requirements in terms of thickness and insulation.

1. Internal partitions, unlike external walls, can be made thinner. Everything will depend on preferences and comfort in terms of sound insulation.
2. The insulation inside the partitions will serve primarily as a sound-absorbing material rather than as thermal insulation.
3. Internal partitions can be insulated without waterproofing and vapor barrier materials.

These are all the main differences between internal walls and external ones, otherwise they are arranged in exactly the same way.

Step No. 5: Roof of a frame house

The roof of a frame house is practically no different from the roof of other houses, be it concrete, brick or any other. I’ll even say more that installing a roof for a frame house will be less labor-intensive than, for example, for a block or brick house, because its fastening to the walls will be much simpler.

It is worth noting that building a roof is a very responsible process, but if you do not have a complex house layout, then you can easily do it yourself.

Building the roof of any house, including a frame one, is a very large topic with many nuances. Firstly, there are many types of roofs, and it is not possible to describe everything in detail in one article. Well, secondly, in order not to confuse you, I will probably move this topic to a separate article.

Step No. 6: Insulating the frame house

So we have come to the final stage of building a frame house - its insulation. Everything needs to be insulated - floor, walls and ceiling.

You can read more about insulating a frame house with your own hands in another step-by-step instruction; here we will discuss only general points.

When choosing insulation for the walls of a frame house, it is necessary to take into account not only the characteristics of the insulation itself, but also the characteristics of wood, with which not all types of insulation will interact well.

Here is a short instruction on how to insulate a frame house with your own hands:

1. Outside, over the OSB sheets, a special waterproofing membrane is stretched. Which side should be in the instructions for it.
2. From the inside of the house, between the studs, insulation is laid in several layers, depending on the requirements for the house and the thickness of the wall. Each layer is laid overlapping the joint of the previous one to avoid cold bridges.
3. Floor insulation occurs in the same way.
4. It is better to insulate the ceiling from the attic by first filling a vapor barrier film from below onto the ceiling beams and hemming them with boards or plywood.
5. After laying the insulation, it is necessary to fill a vapor barrier film over it; it will protect the insulation from moisture from the inside.
6. Depending on the needs and further finishing work, sheathing material is placed on the walls on top of the film - boards or slats, but most often - OSB sheets, on top of which, in the future, finishing is carried out.

As you have already seen, there was a lot of text. But, I believe, all stages of construction were described in detail here DIY frame house, despite the fact that some points were included in separate topics, but this is only for your convenience.

I hope that by following these step-by-step instructions, you will be able to acquire a warm, cozy and reliable home without much difficulty and at minimal cost.

A house on a plot of land is simply necessary, because a dacha is not only a vegetable garden, but also a place for relaxation, and there will always be somewhere to hide from bad weather. As a rule, the design of such houses is not particularly complex, so even beginners in the construction business will not have any problems. Read more about how to make a country house with your own hands in this article.

Choosing the type of house taking into account the budget

The budget for an upcoming construction project is not always unlimited; quite often, financing for the construction of a country house is carried out on a residual basis, but even in this case, you can choose a good option.

The following types of houses in summer cottages can be distinguished:

• capital (made of natural stone, brick or wood);

• small houses, usually made of wood - frame construction technology is used;
• country houses made from block containers - almost ready-made structures;
• The houses for children stand apart - they are more like a combination of a playground and a small gazebo.

At the same time, the time and financial costs of building a small house will be comparable to the costs of building a medium-sized shed. And the use of modern technologies will reduce construction time to a minimum.

Start of construction

In the case of using frame construction technology, the entire process can be divided into separate stages:

• foundation installation;
• bottom trim device;
• securing frame elements– racks and braces, installation of joists, if necessary, assembly of the second floor frame;
• wall cladding;
• creating a roof frame and covering it;
• laying roofing elements, interior decoration of the house, protecting wood from climatic influences.

None of the listed operations require special skills, so anyone can build a house in the country with their own hands.

What should the foundation be?

There is simply no alternative to a reinforced strip foundation for a brick house. But if wood is used, then the main task of the foundation will be not so much to carry a heavy load, but to raise the house above ground level.

Therefore, with frame construction technology, they often make do with concrete or brick pillars (pile foundation), the top of which is 30 - 50 cm from the ground. It is important that the tops of the pillars are in the same plane. This is an inexpensive option, especially compared to .

The basement is built from brick after the construction of the house itself. It is not recommended to make it continuous; this will lead to the fact that moisture from under the house will evaporate very slowly.

Note!
In the area that the foundation will occupy, you need to remove the plant layer of soil and replace it with sand.
Thanks to this, water will not stagnate under the house and the wood will not rot.

Bottom harness

This is the basis for the future floor and support for the wall frame. It is assembled from 10x15 cm beams and attached directly to the foundation.

Advice!
It is undesirable to connect the beams end-to-end in the corners - this will not provide the required rigidity.
It is recommended to use a connection using cutting, which is additionally reinforced with self-tapping screws or an anchor.

Sometimes, during the laying process, reinforcing bars (10-15 cm) are left in the foundation itself, onto which the framing bars are then simply placed. This method of fastening can be considered optimal in terms of rigidity and strength of the connection.

Frame for walls

At the planning stage, the main attention should be paid to developing the frame of the structure. You can prepare drawings of a country house with your own hands, or you can choose a suitable option on our website.

The main element of the frame is a vertical post, rigidly connected to the upper and lower trim. You can attach it to the strapping beams either using metal corners, or select a groove in the strapping beam and simply insert the stand into it.

The corner connection is less rigid, so it is advisable to use it only in small houses. If the structure is large enough, then these 2 methods can be combined.

To ensure that the racks do not warp during the assembly process (as long as they are fixed only in the lower part), they are additionally fixed with temporary braces in the form of ordinary strips. Permanent braces are installed only after work on the top trim is completed.

Note!
The holes in the top rails must be located exactly above the holes in the bottom rail.
A displacement of even a couple of centimeters will cause the frame racks to bend.

When assembling the frame, you need to remember about window and door openings. The main rule is that the load from the structure should not be transferred to (so as not to warp it). Therefore, openings are always made wider than the window or door itself. The cracks then simply foam and disappear behind the platbands.

In the corners of the house, for greater strength of the frame, you can install not frame slats, but beams with a section of 10x10 or 10x15 cm. Grooves are drilled in the end of the beam and in the trim into which a wooden cylinder is inserted. Additionally, the connection is fixed with metal corners. In general, when assembling the frame, each connection can be strengthened with corners, but in this case the cost of construction will increase.

In parallel with assembling the frame for the walls, you need to start building the floor.

In frame construction, there are 2 options for flooring:

• when grooves are selected in the strapping bars and logs are attached to them. Reduces the load-bearing capacity of beams, suitable only for small construction sites;
• when the logs are assembled into one whole (it turns out to be a kind of box), then it is laid on top of the strapping and attached to it with self-tapping screws.

If you plan to build a do-it-yourself cottage for your dacha for winter living, then you need to insulate the floor. For this purpose, ordinary polystyrene foam is suitable, which is simply placed in the spaces between the lags. The gaps formed after installation can simply be foamed with polyurethane foam.

Installation of the top trim and wall covering

The instructions for installing the top trim contain the same points as when installing the bottom trim. After completing its installation, you can remove the temporary braces and finally strengthen the wall frame with permanent braces.

After this, selections are made in the beams of the upper trim for the joists for the installation of the ceiling. If desired, these logs can not be hidden, but rather turned into an interior detail. The joists should extend slightly beyond the walls; this will be needed when installing the rafters.

As for wall cladding, you can use regular boards, lining or siding for this - the choice depends more on the budget. But regardless of the material chosen for cladding, the walls need to be insulated, especially since the price of insulation is not so high.

To do this, insulation, for example, mineral wool, is simply inserted between the frame posts. Then a special film is fixed on the outside with a stapler (it allows moisture to pass in one direction), and sheathing strips are placed on top of it. And only after this the framing of the frame begins.

Roof frame construction

The simplest and cheapest option is a flat roof. In this case, it is enough to simply maintain the required slope at the stage of assembling the wall frame. But the classic gable roof is much more common.

The rafter system is selected depending on the size of the house. So, for a small building you can use a hanging system. In this case, the rafter legs rest only on the walls or on the logs.

A layered system will be needed if the house has internal load-bearing walls - additional supports are installed to prevent the rafters from sagging.

A sheathing (solid or lattice) is placed on top of the rafters and a waterproofing carpet is laid out. After this, all that remains is to secure slate, tiles or any other covering to the slopes.

Children's country houses

They are a combination of a small house and a playground. Therefore, the main requirement here is that parents have imagination. You can build a house for a child in your country house with your own hands in just 1-2 days.

When working on the design of such a structure, you can use the following tips:

• you can make it 2-story, and place, for example, a sandbox on the lower floor;
• a slide adjacent to the house would not be out of place;
• an external staircase to the second floor is required;
• you can equip it with a “warehouse” for toys (shovels, buckets, etc.).

A child, of course, will not live in such a house. The main purpose of the “new building” is to have fun with friends.

Block containers as a country house

Standard cargo containers can be used, unless, of course, the elongated shape of the future “house” bothers you. If you wish, you can cut out the side walls with a grinder, arm yourself with a welding machine and use the container frame as the basis for the house. Welding will require electricity, but renting a diesel generator for your dacha will solve this problem.

Summarizing

A house is an integral component of any dacha plot; in fact, this is what distinguishes a dacha from a simple vegetable garden. A small house on a plot of land will require a minimum of time and financial costs, but will make outdoor recreation unforgettable and will become a cozy corner for all family and friends.

In the video presented in this article you will find additional information on this topic.