September 22 what happened on this day. Church holiday according to the folk calendar - Akim and Anna
19 Sep 2018
Holidays September 22, 2019
Today, September 22, you can celebrate official holidays: international - World Car Free Day, a holiday in Kazakhstan - Day of Languages of Nations, a Ukrainian holiday - Partisan Glory Day, Independence Day in Bulgaria, and in Latvia - Baltic Unity Day.
World Car Free Day (international holiday)
On September 22, every year in many countries around the world a holiday is celebrated - World Car Free Day. This holiday is held to promote the use of public transport, as well as walking and cycling. The motto of this Day is: “A city is a space for people to live.”
A large number of cars in cities has long been a global problem, to solve which residents of large cities should give up cars in favor of walking or cycling. Motor transport destroys not only the biosphere of the planet, but also man himself. At the same time, the pace of car production continues to grow every day - the car has long become one of the most advertised goods.
Day of Nations' Languages (Kazakhstan)
On September 22, Kazakhstan celebrates a holiday - the Day of Languages of Nations, which was established on January 20, 1998 by Decree of the President of the Republic. The purpose of this holiday is to foster love and respect among Kazakhs for their country, for their native language and to expand knowledge about the languages and traditions of different nationalities. On this day, concerts of art masters, language competitions, language festivals, weeks, decades and months are held in all regions.
Partisan Glory Day (Ukraine)
Ukraine annually celebrates the holiday on September 22 - the Day of Partisan Glory, which was established by Decree of the President of Ukraine in 2001, in honor of the 60th anniversary (during the Great Patriotic War) of the beginning of the underground partisan movement in Ukraine.
This holiday is celebrated as a tribute of national respect to the fighters against fascism in harsh wartime, deep behind enemy lines. In Ukraine there were 6,200 underground groups and partisan detachments, which numbered more than a million people in the occupied territory and inflicted significant losses on Nazi troops.
Independence Day (Bulgaria)
On September 22 every year, Bulgaria celebrates a national holiday - Independence Day - the anniversary of the proclamation of the sovereign Bulgarian Kingdom in 1908. Until that time, the Bulgarian principality sought the approval of the Turkish Sultan in all its foreign policy acts, because it was a vassal of the Ottoman Empire. And in 1908, on September 22, in the city of Veliko Tarnovo, the Bulgarian Prince Ferdinand read out his Manifesto on the Independence of Bulgaria. From that moment on, the country changed the form of a principality to a kingdom. The Kingdom of Bulgaria was officially recognized by Ottoman Türkiye and all the Great Powers of Europe.
After independence, a rapid rise began to be observed in Bulgaria, but it did not last long, because 5 years later the Balkan Wars and the First World War began, which brought national disaster to Bulgaria.
Baltic Unity Day (Latvia)
Every year on September 22, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia celebrate a holiday - Baltic Unity Day - a date that reminds the people of these countries of their common heroic past. In 1207, it was on this day that the Order of the Swordsmen captured the territories of the Livs, and in 1214 - the lands of the Latgalians in order to gain military and political control over the Baltic states and convert the Baltic people to Christianity.
On September 22, 1236, the crusaders and monks of the Order carried out a predatory raid on Lithuania. And when they returned home with rich booty, in the Baltic city of Saul all the people united and successfully repelled the attack of uninvited guests. On this day, the Order of the Swordsmen was defeated.
Unusual holidays on September 22
Today, September 22, you can celebrate fun and unusual holidays with friends: Day of Coloring the Grays and Day of the Desire to Run, as well as the unusual Russian holiday Red-Green Grapes.
Color the Gray Day
Gray is a dull color. It becomes sad when we see around us a gray sky, gray houses and streets, and on them people with gray faces and thoughts. Let's take a big brush, dip it in the rainbow and have fun coloring this grayness. How? Just today, September 23, on a gray autumn day, buy flowers and give your loved ones warmth, beauty, tenderness and, of course, love. The grayness will definitely recede!
Day of the desire to run
This desire is dark and strange,
It once stirred in each of us:
Running on a distant journey,
So that the feeling for life is immediately revived.
Grapes red - green
Well, what kind of holiday is this! On a fine autumn day you just want to walk through the fallen leaves, singing the Russian folk song “Red-Green Grapes”:
We walked and wandered around Holy Rus';
We went looking for the sovereign's court;
— Red-green grapes —
The sovereign's courtyard is twelve miles away;
— Red-green grapes —
And on that one, in the yard there is a tree;
— Red-green grapes —
And on that tree a good fellow sits;
— Red-green grapes —
The good fellow is sitting, he is chopping branches;
— Red-green grapes —
He chops branches, speaks tall tales;
— Red-green grapes —
Fables speak about this and that;
— Red-green grapes —
About this, about this, what we sow, we reap:
— The grapes are red and green.
Church holiday according to the folk calendar - Akim and Anna
On this day, Orthodox Christians know what church holiday it is today. On this day they honor the memory of the parents of the Mother of God - Saints Joachim and Anna.
According to popular legend, the pious Joachim and Anna, who lived in Jerusalem, did not have children for a long time. Joachim once came to the temple and wanted to make a sacrifice to God, but the high priest refused to perform this ritual for Joachim because he had not yet given offspring to Israel.
Joachim retired into the desert in grief to pray for the birth of a child. At that time, an angel appeared to him and his wife, announcing that their descendants would be talked about all over the world. Nine months later, Anna gave birth to a daughter, whom the couple named Maria and vowed to devote her to the service of God.
The holiday of Joachim (Akim) and Anna in Rus' was called the Day of Women in Childbirth, it is a post-celebration of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary.
Saints Joachim and Anna are considered by the Russian people to be the patrons of childless women and women in labor. On this day, all relatives congratulate young mothers and honor midwives. They baked pies and cooked porridge for them. On this holiday, young parents or childless newlyweds gave gifts to loved ones in the form of round pies.
Women who were unable to have children prayed to Akim and Anna for conception on this day.
Name day September 22 from: Alexander, Alexey, Anna, Afanasy, Vasily, Gregory, Dmitry, Zakhar, Joseph, Nikita, Sergey
September 22 in history
1944 - The Red Army liberated the city of Tallinn from the Nazis
1955 - The largest astrophysical observatory in the USSR was opened near Bakhchisarai.
Commercial television broadcasting began in Great Britain.
1960 - Mali gained independence from France
1974 - At the UN General Assembly, the “Palestinian Question” was included on the agenda for the first time as an independent issue, which actually meant the recognition of the PLO and its leader Yasser Arafat as plenipotentiary representatives of the Palestinian people
1980 - Beginning of the Iran-Iraq War.
Delegates from 36 regional branches of independent Polish trade unions gathered in Gdynia and united under the name Solidarity.
1981 - The US Congress granted honorary US citizenship to Raoul Wallenberg. Before him, only Winston Churchill received such an honor.
1989 — The Kazakh language was declared the state language of Kazakhstan
1991 - The Communist Party is banned in Tajikistan
1995 - Time Warner Corporation bought Ted Turner's TBS for $7.5 billion
2000 - Due to falling stock prices, the fortune of Microsoft founder and CEO Bill Gates decreased by $22 billion, but the “remaining” $63 billion allowed him to retain the title of the richest person in the world until 2008.
A report by University of London scientist Sarah-Jane Blakemore on tickling has been published in Austria.
2001 - The United States tightened sanctions against India and Pakistan, introduced in 1998 after these countries tested nuclear weapons
2006 - The Japanese scientific satellite Hinode for research in the field of solar physics is launched from the Uchinoura launch site using an M-V launch vehicle.
On September 22, many countries around the world celebrate Car Free Day. All events held on this day are designed to remind people of the negative impact of cars on the environment and encourage people to the idea of the need to use alternative means of transportation: public transport, bicycles and other vehicles. Every year, Car Free Day is officially celebrated in about a thousand cities around the world.
The tradition of celebrating Car Free Day was born in 1998 in France. At that time, only about two dozen cities celebrated this day. But by 2001, more than a thousand cities in 35 countries around the world had officially joined the movement.
Realizing that in modern conditions it is simply impossible to completely abandon cars, city leaders and heads of various organizations want to remind the public of the problems that motor transport brings with it. At least once a year.
Events that happened on September 22.
1236 - Battle of Saul (Šiauliai), in which the combined forces of Lithuanians, Zhmudins and Latvians inflicted a crushing defeat on the Order of the Swordsmen.
1307 - The Royal Council of France adopted a decision to arrest all Templars located in the territory of the kingdom.
1499 - The Treaty of Basel made the Swiss Confederation independent of the Holy Roman Empire.
1692 - The last eight "witches" are hanged in Salem (see Salem Witch Trials).
1764 - Milestones were introduced in the Russian Empire.
1780 - First recorded lynching.
1784 - Russians established the first permanent settlement in Alaska.
1789 - the defeat of the Turkish army by Russian-Austrian troops under the command of General A.V. Suvorov and Prince F. Coburg in the Battle of Rymnik.
1792 - Proclamation of the French Republic, the starting point of the French republican calendar.
1862 - US President Abraham Lincoln announced the emancipation of black slaves.
1877 - The Canadian government signed a treaty of cooperation with the Alberta Indians.
1908 - Proclamation of the sovereign Bulgarian Principality in Veliko Tarnovo, which until that moment was formally dependent on the Ottoman Empire.
1921 - Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia are admitted to the League of Nations.
1922 - The Metal Aircraft Manufacturing Commission was created in the USSR (now the Tupolev Research and Design Bureau).
1935 - By decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, personal military ranks were introduced into the Red Army.
1937 - Zhitomir, Poltava, Nikolaev regions were created in the Ukrainian SSR.
1939 - The USSR and Germany tentatively established a border between themselves in Poland along the Vistula.
1944 - The Red Army liberated the city of Tallinn from the Nazis.
1951 - Kissing in public places is prohibited in Sweden.
1955 - The largest astrophysical observatory in the USSR was opened near Bakhchisarai.
- Commercial television broadcasting began in Great Britain.
1960 - Mali gained independence from France.
1974 - At the UN General Assembly, the “Palestinian Question” was included on the agenda for the first time as an independent issue, which actually meant the recognition of the PLO and its leader Yasser Arafat as plenipotentiary representatives of the Palestinian people.
1980 - The Iran-Iraq War begins.
- Delegates from 36 regional branches of independent Polish trade unions gathered in Gdynia and united under the name “Solidarity”.
1981 - The US Congress awarded honorary US citizenship to Raoul Wallenberg. Before him, only Winston Churchill received such an honor.
1989 - The Kazakh language was declared the state language of Kazakhstan.
1991 - The Communist Party is banned in Tajikistan.
- First proclamation of the independent Republic of Kosovo
1995 - Time Warner Corporation purchased Ted Turner's TBS for $7.5 billion.
2000 - A report on tickling by a scientist from the University of London, Sarah-Jane Blakemore, was published in Austria.
- Due to the fall in stock prices, the fortune of the founder and head of Microsoft, Bill Gates, decreased by $22 billion, but the “remaining” $63 billion allowed him to retain the title of the richest person in the world until 2008.
2001 - The United States tightened sanctions against India and Pakistan, introduced in 1998 after these countries tested nuclear weapons. In 2002, these countries found themselves on the brink of nuclear war.
2006 - The Japanese scientific satellite Hinode for research in the field of solar physics was launched from the Uchinoura launch site using an M-V launch vehicle.
2010 - A law on civil marriage for non-religious citizens came into force in Israel.
The history of the world, and in particular Russia, is reflected on this page in the form of the most significant events, turning points, discoveries and inventions, wars and the emergence of new countries, turning points and cardinal decisions that took place over many centuries. Here you will get acquainted with outstanding people of the world, politicians and rulers, generals, scientists and artists, athletes, artists, singers and many others, who and in what years of them were born and died, what mark they left in history, how they were remembered and why reached.
In addition to the history of Russia and the world on September 22, significant milestones and significant events that took place on this September day of spring, you will learn about historical dates, about those influential and popular people who were born and passed away on this date, and you can also get acquainted with memorable dates and folk holidays in Catholicism and Orthodoxy, signs and sayings, natural disasters, the emergence of cities and states, as well as their tragic disappearance, get acquainted with revolutions and revolutionaries, those turning points that in one way or another influenced the course of development of our planet and much more friend - interesting, informative, important, necessary and useful.
Folk calendar, signs and folklore September 22
September 22 is the 265th day of the year (266th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 100 days left until the end of the year. One of two (alternating with 23) days of the autumnal equinox.
Day of Akim and Anna and Day of the autumnal equinox.
From that day on, the sun gave less and less heat - they said: “Take out the sleigh, winter is ahead!”
World Elephant Day.
World Car Free Day.
OneWebDay (English)Russian..
World CML Patients Day Chronic myeloid leukemia
Bulgaria - Bulgarian Independence Day.
Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia - Baltic Unity Day.
Mali - Independence Day.
Ukraine - Day of Partisan Glory.
USA - Day of American Women in Business (Business Women's Day).
What happened in Russia and the world on September 22?
Below you will learn about the history of the world and Russia on the day of September 22, the events that took place in different historical time periods and periods, starting from prehistoric times BC and the emergence of Christianity, continuing with the era of formations, transformations, times of discoveries, scientific and technical revolutions, as well as interesting the Middle Ages, right up to modern times. Below are reflected all the significant events of this day in the history of mankind, you will learn or remember those who were born and left us for another world, what events took place, and why we remember it so special.
History of Russia and the world September 22 in the 13th century
1236 - Battle of Saul, in which the Samogitian and Semigallian troops inflicted a crushing defeat on the Order of the Swordsmen.
History of Russia and the world September 22 in the 14th century
1307 - The Royal Council of France adopted a decision to arrest all Templars located in the territory of the kingdom.
History of Russia and the world September 22 in the 15th century
1499 - The Treaty of Basel made the Swiss Confederation independent of the Holy Roman Empire.
History of Russia and the world September 22 in the 17th century
1692 - The last eight "witches" are hanged in Salem (see Salem Witch Trials).
History of Russia and the world September 22 in the 18th century
1764 - Milestones were introduced in the Russian Empire.
1780 - First recorded lynching.
1784 - Russians founded the first permanent settlement in Alaska - Harbor of Three Saints.
1789 - the defeat of the Turkish army by Russian-Austrian troops under the command of General A.V. Suvorov and Prince F. Coburg in the Battle of Rymnik.
1792 - Proclamation of the French Republic, the starting point of the French republican calendar.
History of Russia and the world September 22 in the 19th century
1862 - US President Abraham Lincoln announced the emancipation of black slaves.
1877 - The Canadian government signed a treaty of cooperation with the Alberta Indians.
History in Russia and the world September 22 in the 20th century
1921 - Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia are admitted to the League of Nations.
1935 - By decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, personal military ranks were introduced into the Red Army.
1937 - Zhitomir, Poltava, Nikolaev regions were created in the Ukrainian SSR.
1939 - The USSR and Germany tentatively established a border between themselves in Poland along the Vistula.
1944 - The Red Army liberated the city of Tallinn from the Nazis.
The Crimean Astrophysical Observatory was opened near Bakhchisarai.
Commercial television broadcasting began in Great Britain.
1960 - Mali gained independence from France.
1974 - At the UN General Assembly, the “Palestinian Question” was included on the agenda for the first time as an independent issue, which actually meant the recognition of the PLO and its leader Yasser Arafat as plenipotentiary representatives of the Palestinian people.
The beginning of the Iran-Iraq war.
Delegates from 36 regional branches of independent Polish trade unions gathered in Gdynia and united under the name Solidarity.
1981 - The US Congress awarded honorary US citizenship to Raoul Wallenberg. Before him, only Winston Churchill received such an honor.
1989 - The Kazakh language was declared the state language of Kazakhstan.
The Communist Party is banned in Tajikistan.
First proclamation of the independent Republic of Kosovo (English)Russian.
1993 - Sunset Limited Express derailment: The train plunged off a bridge into the Mobile River, Alabama. 47 people died.
1995 - Time Warner Corporation purchased Ted Turner's TBS for $7.5 billion.
Due to the fall in stock prices, the fortune of the founder and head of Microsoft, Bill Gates, decreased by $22 billion, but the “remaining” $63 billion allowed him to retain the title of the richest person in the world until 2008.
History of Russia and the world September 22 - in the 21st century
2001 - The United States tightened sanctions against India and Pakistan, introduced in 1998 after these countries tested nuclear weapons. In 2002, these countries found themselves on the brink of nuclear war.
2006 - The Japanese scientific satellite Hinode for research in the field of solar physics was launched from the Uchinoura launch site using an M-V launch vehicle.
2010 - A law on civil marriage for non-religious citizens came into force in Israel.
2012 - The Nizhny Novgorod metro was completely closed to traffic for the first time. This was due to work on switching power to the newly installed control system of the Gorkovskaya station under construction.
History of September 22 - which of the greats was born
Celebrities of the world and Russia born on September 22, 17th century
1694 - Philip Dormer Stanhope Chesterfield (d. 1773), English statesman and writer.
Celebrities of the world and Russia born on September 22 in the 18th century
1741 - Peter Pallas (d. 1811), German naturalist who was the first to describe the fauna and flora of Russia.
1791 - Michael Faraday (d. 1867), English physicist and chemist who discovered electromagnetic induction, creator of the generator.
1800 - George Bentham (d. 1884), English botanist, author of the fundamental work “Genera Plantarum...”.
Born with I am celebrities of the world and Russia September 22 in the 19th century
1811 - Michal Goxha (d. 1870), Slovak writer, preacher, leader of the Slovak uprising against the Hungarians.
1831 - Ivan Gorbunov (d. 1896), Russian actor and writer.
1835 - Alexander Potebnya (d. 1891), Ukrainian-Russian philologist-Slavist, author of the doctrine of the internal form of the word.
1841 - Andrei Pumpur (d. 1902), Latvian poet, author of the folk epic "Lachplesis".
1886 - Roger Bissier (d. 1964), French painter.
1875 - Mikalojus Konstantinas Ciurlionis (d. 1911), Lithuanian artist and composer (“Sonata of the Sun”), author of the first Lithuanian symphonic poems (“In the Forest”).
1893 - Alexey Fedorovich Losev (d. 1988), Russian philosopher and philologist, writer, author of works on ancient mythology (“Philosophy of the Name”, “Dialectics of Myth”).
1895 - Paul Mooney (real name Meshilem Meyer Weisenfreund) (d. 1967), American actor, Oscar winner (“I'm an Escaped Convict,” “The Story of Louis Pasteur,” “Hudson's Bay”).
1900 - Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov (d. 1964), compiler of an explanatory dictionary of the Russian language.
Celebrities of the world and Russia born on September 22 in the 20th century
1901 - Charles Huggins (d. 1997), American surgeon, oncologist, founder of hormone therapy, Nobel Prize laureate 1966.
1903 - Andrei Andreevich Markov (d. 1979), Soviet mathematician.
1905 - Eugen Sänger (German: Eugen Sänger; d. 1964), German rocket scientist, first president of the International Astronautical Federation.
1906 - Ilse Koch (d. 1967), German NSDAP activist, wife of Karl Koch, commandant of the Buchenwald and Majdanek concentration camps. She is best known under the pseudonym "Frau Lampshade". She received the nickname “The Witch of Buchenwald” for her brutal torture of camp prisoners.
1909 - Martti Larni (Finnish: Martti Larni; d. 1993), Finnish writer and journalist (“The Fourth Vertebrae, or The Reluctant Fraud”).
1925 - Pavel Vinnik (d. 2011), Soviet theater and film actor (“Volunteers”, “The Fate of a Man”, “Alyoshkina’s Love”, “The Golden Calf”).
1931 - Philip Grigorievich Rutberg (d. 2015), Russian electrophysicist, laureate of the USSR State Prize (1982).
1932 - Algirdas Brazauskas (d. 2010), Lithuanian politician.
Virgilius Noreika, Lithuanian opera singer.
Vilen Surenovich Karakashev, Soviet and Russian artist.
1938 - Dean Reed (d. 1986), American actor and singer (“Blood Brothers”).
1940 - Anna Karina, French film actress of Danish origin (“The Little Soldier”, “Treasure Island”).
1954 - Rustem Asanbaev, Russian musician, guitarist of the DDT group.
1957 - Nick Cave, Australian musician, writer, actor.
Andrea Bocelli, Italian singer (tenor), performer of classical and popular music.
Joan Jett (real name Joan Mary Larkin) is an American rock musician, guitarist, vocalist, producer and songwriter, actress.
1961 - Bonnie Hunt, American producer, comedian, actress. She was remembered for her role as Alice Newton in the films Beethoven and Beethoven 2.
1973 - Maria Golubkina, Russian theater and film actress.
1976 - Ronaldo, Brazilian football player
1982 - Billie Piper, British stage and television actress, former singer.
1987 - Tom Felton, British actor and singer. Known for his role as Draco Malfoy.
1989 - Sabine Lisicki, German tennis player of Polish origin, holder of the world record for women's serve speed.
Celebrities of the world and Russia born on September 22 in the 21st century
Famous people of Russia and the world died on September 22
Which famous people of the world and Russia died on September 22 in the 16th century
1539 - Nanak (b. 1469), guru, founder of Sikhism.
1554 - Francisco Vázquez De Coronado (b. 1510), Spanish conquistador who was the first European to explore the Colorado River basin and discover the Grand Canyon.
1566 - Johann Agricola (b. 1492), German preacher, leader of the Reformation, associate of Martin Luther.
September 22nd, like any other day of the year, is individual and remarkable in its own way; it has its own history in Russia and in each individual country of the world, which you learned about in this material. We hope you liked it and you learned more, expanded your horizons - after all, knowing a lot is useful and important!
Every day of the year is memorable and distinctive in its own way, including this one - we hope you were interested in learning about his story, because you learned more about him, the events and people who were lucky enough to be born on September 22, and what he left us with with you as an inheritance after yourself.
On September 22, the United States celebrates Business Women's Day, Bulgaria and Mali celebrate Independence Day, and Partisan Glory Day. The whole world celebrates Car Free Day and Elephant Day.
September 22 is a day in history
In 1307 The Royal Council of France ordered the arrest of all Templars in the kingdom.
In 1499 The Swiss Confederation gained independence from the Holy Roman Empire.
In 1692 The Salem witch trials ended in the United States. The women were executed.
In 1839 In the capital of the Russian Empire, construction began on the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. In memory of the Patriotic War of 1812.
In 1869 The world's first postcards were published in Austria.
In 1937 The Nikolaev, Zhitomir and Poltava regions of the Ukrainian SSR were formed.
In 2000 Bill Gates became 22 billion dollars poorer at once. However, until 2008, the head of Microsoft remained the richest man in the world.
Born on September 22:
Compiler of an explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Sergei Ozhegov, Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli, actress Maria Golubkina, Brazilian football player Ronaldo, British singer Billie Piper, British actor Tom Felton.
September 22 in Orthodoxy:
On this day, the Orthodox Church celebrates the after-feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, as well as the Council of Glinsky Saints, a remembrance of the Third Ecumenical Council (431).
In churches they honor the memory of the righteous Godfather Joachim and Anna; Martyr Severian of Sebaste; St. Joseph the Wonderworker; Hieromartyrs Grigory Garyaev, presbyter and Alexander Ipatov, deacon; Venerable Martyr Andronik (Surikov); St. Theophan the Confessor and Faster; Blessed Nikita in Constantinople; Venerable Onuphrius of Voronsk.
We invite you to also find out. How do US residents differ from the rest of the world's population?
On September 22, 1236, the Battle of Saul took place, in which the Samogitian and Semigallian troops inflicted a crushing defeat on the Order of the Sword.
On September 22, 1307, the Royal Council of France adopted a decision to arrest all Templars located on the territory of the kingdom.
On September 22, 1499, the Swiss Confederation became independent by the Treaty of Basel from the Holy Roman Empire.
22 September 1520 years The ninth Ottoman Sultan, Selim I, nicknamed Yavuz (Terrible), one of the most important villains in world history, died.
Selyam the Terrible was very harsh; it is enough to recall the brutal massacre of Shiite Muslims he carried out in his country in 1513. At that time, 40-45 thousand people aged from 7 to 70 years were exterminated in Anatolia.
Selim's atrocities include his reprisal against his own family. After coming to power, he destroyed his older brothers Ahmed and Korkud, their children and grandchildren. Only Prince Jem managed to escape, who asked for refuge from the Christian sovereigns, but in 1515 he was poisoned by order of Pope Alexander VI Borgia, bribed by Selim’s rich gifts.
September 22, 1601 was bornAnne of Austria, French queen, wife of Louis XIII, opponent of the Cardinal Duke de Richelieu.
On this day in 1692, the last eight people accused of witchcraft were executed in Salem. The Witch Hunt took place as part of the legendary Salem Trial. Over the course of a couple of years, about 200 “witches” and “sorcerers” were arrested in a small American city, 19 of them were hanged. The Salem events became the most notorious witchcraft trial in the history of the United States. The first accusers were two little girls who accused the maid of performing strange rituals.
On this day in 1709, Hetman of Little Russia Ivan Mazepa, who fled to Turkey after the Battle of Poltava, poisoned himself.
On this day in 1764, mileposts were introduced in the Russian Empire. The signs were made according to a single pattern. They were made in the form of obelisks made of marble or granite. A verst was equal to 500 fathoms and was 1.0668 kilometers. The first stone pillar was installed in 1774 near the Triumphal Gate. The first road with installed milestones was the path from Moscow to Kolomna. Later, the practice arose of indicating the distance to the nearest postal station on stone signs. The last stone milestone was installed near the Oryol Gate on the border of the Catherine Park. In 1970-90, the signs that have survived to this day were restored.
On this day in 1780, the first written mention of a lynching occurred.. This was the name given to the unauthorized killing of a person suspected of a criminal act. Such murders did not involve trial or investigation and were usually carried out by a crowd of angry citizens. African Americans were most often targeted for lynching in the United States. Lynching (primarily by hanging) spread after the Civil War. The last lynching is considered to be the murder of Michael Donald, which occurred in 1981.
On September 22, 1784, the Russians founded the first permanent settlement in Alaska - Harbor of Three Saints.
On September 22, 1789, the Turkish army was defeated by Russian-Austrian troops under the command of General A.V. Suvorov and Prince F. Coburg in the Battle of Rymnik. The victory brought the commander European glory.
During the Russian-Turkish War of 1787-1791. The Turkish army, having recovered from its defeat at Focsani in August, began its offensive again.
The Grand Vizier Yusuf Pasha this time gathered an army of one hundred thousand and moved it against the 18,000-strong Austrian corps of the Prince of Coburg, allied with Russia. Having learned about this, A.V. Suvorov with a detachment of 7,000 people covered a distance of 100 km in two and a half days and took overall command of the Russian-Austrian troops. Confident of their superiority, the Turks settled in four camps between the Rymna and Rymnik rivers. Suvorov decided to attack the enemy immediately after the night march.
He defeated, one after another, three camps of the enemy, who were not ready for battle, after which he fled. The Allies lost only 700 people, while Turkish losses ranged from 6 to 20 thousand people, their convoy and artillery were completely captured. For this victory the following year, Suvorov was awarded the title of count with the honorary name Rymniksky, and the Austrian emperor awarded him the title of Count of the Holy Roman Empire.
September 22, 1791was born Michael Faraday, English physicist and chemist, a great experimenter, after whom the unit of electrical capacitance - the farad - is named.
On September 22, 1792, the French Republic was proclaimed, the starting point of the French Republican calendar.
The Zulu chief Senzangakhona had several illegitimate sons by his sister. One of them was called Chaka. In 1816, after the death of Senzangakhona, Chaka killed his half-brother, who was considered the rightful heir, and became the leader of the Zulu. He formed a regular army from young Africans, in which he maintained the strictest discipline with cruelty. For the slightest offense he punished soldiers with death.
White colonists wrote that Chaka literally devastated southern Africa, killing about 2 million people in his punitive campaigns. Even among the Zulus, the leader executed several people every day. Chaka had a huge harem of about 1,200 women, but he left no offspring because he killed all his pregnant concubines. In 1827, his mother died, and then the most beloved of his wives, Nandi, after which Chaki became completely uncontrollable. The leader sacrificed 7,000 Zulus, whom he gathered around the altar, surrounded with troops and killed every single one. He also ordered that the crops not be harvested and that any pregnant woman be executed along with her husband. Chaka personally traveled through his lands and dealt with those who dared not obey such a wild decree.
In the end, the Zulus, fed up with the leader's follies, formed a conspiracy, which was joined by two of Chaka's brothers - Dingana and Mhlanga. In September 1828, the conspirators broke into the leader's chambers and, after a short resistance, stabbed Chaka, and his corpse was thrown into the desert to be eaten by vultures.
On September 22, 1839, the ceremonial laying of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior took place in Moscow. in memory of the Patriotic War of 1812.
On September 22, 1862, US President Abraham Lincoln announced the emancipation of black slaves. US President Abraham Lincoln signed a decree freeing black slaves. According to this document, slaves were recognized as free not throughout the entire territory of the state, but only in those states that did not return to the United States before the new year. American slaves became finally free only three years later, in 1865, shortly before the end of the Civil War.
September 22, 1869 was born Peter Krasnov, white general. The talented Cossack commander remained in Soviet history as a general who did not keep his word in 1917 not to participate in the fight against Soviet power, and as an accomplice of the Nazis in the Second World War, for which he was executed. Having ingloriously ended his life, until recently he remained completely unknown in his homeland as a gifted writer who wrote more than two dozen novels and stories.
On this day in 1900, Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov was born. Soviet linguist, professor, Doctor of Philology, famous as the compiler of an explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. The first famous dictionary was published in 1949. Then the book was updated several times and went through many reprints, six of which appeared during the author’s life. S.I. Ozhegov is considered one of the main Russian compilers of dictionaries (along with V.I. Dal and D.N. Ushakov).
On this day in 1935, by the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, personal military ranks were introduced into the Red Army.
Military ranks of commanding personnel were created using two characteristics: military specialty (type of activity) iranga, which determined the job purpose of the holder of the rank. In total, sixty-three different military ranks were established for the commanding staff of the Red Army and the Navy.
On September 22, 1943, the executioner of the Belarusian people, Hitler's General Commissioner of Belarus, Wilhelm von Kube, was killed.
On September 22, 1944, the troops of the Leningrad Front, as a result of a rapid offensive, captured an important naval base and a major port on the Baltic Sea - the capital of Soviet Estonia, the city of Tallinn, and also occupied more than 800 other settlements.
On September 22, 1951, kissing in public places was banned in Sweden. Interestingly, the ban is still in effect, but no punishment is provided for violating this law, so everyone boldly breaks it. A similar ban applies not only in Sweden: for example, in France you cannot kiss on passenger platforms, and in Georgia - in public gardens and parks. You also cannot express your feelings in Mexico, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Malaysia and Indonesia.
On September 22, 1974, at the UN General Assembly, the “Palestinian Question” was included on the agenda for the first time as an independent issue, which actually meant the recognition of the PLO and its leader Yasser Arafat as plenipotentiary representatives of the Palestinian people.
On this day in 1980, delegates from 36 regional branches of independent Polish trade unions gathered in Gdynia and united under the name Solidarity. Lech Walesa was elected chairman of the new trade union association. By the beginning of 1981, Solidarity already had 10 million members in its ranks.
On September 22, 1980, the war between Iraq and Iran began. Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein decided to forcefully resolve border disputes with Iran, where the Islamic revolution had just won. It lasted almost eight years and ended in virtually nothing, but it claimed hundreds of thousands of lives and left behind destroyed cities and scorched earth. Western countries, which were actually thrown out of the country by the new Iranian authorities, provided active assistance to Iraq in this war. Even the incident with the attack by Iraqi bombers on the American frigate Stark did not affect their relationship. Moreover, along with diplomatic, military, and intelligence assistance to Iraq, the United States used its armed forces to attack Iranian ships and oil platforms. Everything will change only a few years later, when Iraq occupies Kuwait and Saddam Hussein becomes a fiend.
On September 22, 2011, a sensation in the scientific world was the message from scientists involved in the international OPERA project that a neutrino particle is capable of moving faster than light. But in May of the following year, the researchers themselves refuted their experimental data, having discovered a technical defect.
