How to make distilled water at home. Where to get distilled water for drinking or battery and how to make it at home. Photo gallery: Preparation using two glass bottles
If you are afraid that you will buy fake distilled water that you bought, for example, to dilute antifreeze concentrate, or to fill it into a battery, then there is a great way not to play roulette in search of high-quality water in a retail chain, but to make it yourself. Yes, yes, you heard right, any of you can do this at home. How? Now we'll tell you.
Also, this method of obtaining distilled water is suitable for those who do not want to drink tap water, spend money on dubious water filters, or buy water from the store every day. True, regarding the use of distilled water, debates about its harm to the body have not subsided for a long time. And although science has not yet said anything definitive about distilled water, we still do not recommend that you drink it. It's another matter when you use distilled water.
Why is distilled water used to dilute antifreeze or add it to the battery?
The thing is that, unlike ordinary water, distilled water does not contain various chemical impurities: salts, carbons, minerals, gases, etc. All these impurities, if they get into, for example, an engine cooling system, can have a detrimental effect on her, .
As for the battery, if you add regular tap water to it, you will quickly destroy even a new battery.
So you can only add distilled water to prepare the correct electrolyte.
So, how can you make distilled water yourself in your kitchen at home? In fact, the process is quite simple. You do not need special laboratory equipment with which distilled water is produced on an industrial scale.
Distillation of water will remove bacteria, viruses, heavy metals, radionuclides, organic substances, inorganic substances and salt particles, minerals, and toxins from it. Essentially, after distillation, the water will become perfectly pure.
By the way, distillation is literally a natural method that we can see in nature. So, the sun heats water on the earth's surface, the water turns into steam (evaporation process). The steam rises, leaving water pollutants below. This is how clear clouds are formed, representing water in a gaseous state. But as the upper atmosphere cools the air temperature, the water vapor also cools, turning back into water. That is, droplets of water are formed that fall to the ground (rain). As a result, the cycle repeats itself over and over again.
Various methods can be used to distill water. Essentially, in order to distill water, you need to boil it to produce steam. As a result, all pollutants contained in the water will remain in the container, and the purified water will turn into a gaseous state (steam).
The thing is that the pollutants contained in water have a higher boiling point than water (H 2 O).
Once the water has completely evaporated, to make distilled water from the steam we need to cool it so that it condenses back into water. So, as you can see, boiling alone will not be enough to obtain clean water. After all, you still need to turn the steam back into water.
Now let's move on to preparing distilled water at home.
Here's what you should do:
Step 1: Materials
You will need:
A saucepan with a lid. The lid on one side should be concave inward. That is, you need a dome-shaped lid for the pan. This niche on the back of the lid will serve as a container for ice.
Ice. As you already understood, we will also need . Its amount varies depending on the ambient temperature in the kitchen and the amount of water needed to distill into the distillate.
So if you want to make a lot of distilled water, have a big pot and lots of ice. In this case, the distillation process will take longer.
Glass bowl. It is needed in order to immerse it in a pan so that it does not sink to the bottom, but floats in ordinary water, collecting condensation that will be obtained from cooling the steam with ice.
Step 2: Filling and heating
Fill the pan with much more water than you want to distill. Bring water to boil over medium heat.
Step 3: Place the bowl on top of the water in the pan and cover it with a lid.
Now it's time to place the glass bowl in the pan on top of the water. Moreover, this must be done so that the bowl does not sink, and also so that bubbling water does not get into the bowl. Also make sure the bowl can hold enough water before submerging.
Step 4: Ice
Place the lid on the pan and place ice on it. How much ice to use depends on how big the lid is. The main thing is that water from melted ice does not get inside the pan. That is, you must monitor the process of melting the ice and pour out the accumulating water.
The purpose of the ice is to cool the distillate and to improve condensation. Yes, of course, you can distill water without using ice, but in this case the distillation will take longer.
Step 5: Condensation Formation
If you lift the lid off the pot a little while the water is boiling, you will see small drops of water form under the lid and fall into the glass bowl floating on the surface of the water. Essentially, we have created a mini-ecosystem of the water cycle in nature.
If you have a humidifier, steam mop, iron with steamer or similar equipment at home, then you know that for their operation you need clean, and best of all distilled water, since scale forms in such devices from tap water, and they fail.
Distillation means the transformation of water into steam, which, during the cooling process, condenses into pure H2O without additional impurities. Today I will tell you how I put together a simple but reliable distiller for producing distilled water in my own kitchen.
What you need
I used the following materials:
Additionally, you will need a saucepan or other container for boiling water in a steam bath, as well as for cooling the second jar of condensate.
Tools you will need:
A knife or hacksaw with fine teeth.
Hot glue gun.
Distiller assembly
I had two rings that are used to screw onto the jar, I used them to secure the lids. If there are no such rings, you can make fixing rings yourself by cutting out the top part from a regular lid.
From the cocktail tube I cut two small pieces about 5 cm long each. I put a flexible tube on them: I used an aquarium tube, as it fits perfectly in diameter and makes a tight connection. I used hot glue to seal the gap in the lid. It turned out durable and airtight.
Then I immediately put on two fixing rings, twisting them in different directions.
Then he assembled the same structure from the other end of the flexible tube, poured tap water into one of the jars and screwed on the lids. This is how the design turned out.
Distillation
To cool the steam, the empty jar was placed in a glass carafe so that cold water or ice could be poured into it.
Place a jar of water to be heated in a saucepan, pour water into it and place it on the stove burner.
When the water in the first jar heated up, water vapor began to form, which flowed through the tube into the second container, where it condensed into pure distilled water.
It turned out very slowly, since the water in the pan was boiling faster than the evaporation of the liquid in the jar. Here I realized my mistake: I should have used not a glass jar heated in a water bath, but a metal container that could be placed directly on the burner to quickly produce a large amount of steam.
I hope my experience will help you make a practical distiller for your home and avoid some mistakes.
Distillate is deeply purified water, which consists only of H2O molecules. This liquid has no mineral impurities, no organic substances, no bacteria. It is most often used in laboratories, but has recently found application in everyday life. In this article we will tell you where to get distilled water and for what purposes it can be used.
Pure water is produced in laboratories using a special apparatus. The resulting liquid has found its application in various areas of life:
- In chemical and biological laboratories as a solvent for reagents. It is also used to rinse test tubes, flasks and other laboratory glassware.
- In pharmaceuticals: various medical preparations are made from the distillate.
- In medicine: purified water is given to young children and patients with weakened immune systems.
- Heating systems use purified water to avoid deposits on pipes and disruption of fluid circulation.
- For cars: pour antifreeze into batteries and dilute it.
- Used in air humidifiers, electric irons and other devices.
- In everyday life: for aquarium keeping and watering indoor plants.
Where to buy
There are many places that sell distilled water:
- pharmacies;
- supermarkets;
- chemical laboratories;
- gas stations;
- auto shops;
- hardware stores (water for steam irons).
But in order not to have to constantly buy purified water, you can purchase a special device or use traditional distillation methods.
Cleaning systems
In laboratories, water is purified using special devices - distillers. The design of a water distiller is quite simple. It consists of the following parts:
- heater;
- evaporator;
- fridge;
- container for collecting distillate;
- vessel for storing purified water;
- tube system.
The cleaning process occurs as follows: the water in the evaporator begins to boil and evaporates with the help of heat from the heater. The steam condenses at the bottom of the refrigerator, after which it flows into a container for collecting purified liquid, and from there it passes through a special tube into a vessel for storing the distillate.
Obtaining distillate without special equipment
It is not necessary to use a household water distiller. There are several traditional methods of cleansing:
- evaporation;
- freezing;
- collection of natural precipitation.
The first two methods require preliminary preparation of tap water. It is known that hydrogen sulfide and chlorine compounds evaporate from water within two hours, and it takes at least 6 hours for mineral impurities to settle to the bottom. Therefore, tap water is placed in a glass or plastic container and left for 6–7 hours, after which distillation begins.
Evaporation
This method is based on the evaporation of water and its subsequent condensation. You will need:
- large saucepan;
- stand;
- deep plate or bowl;
- domed lid for pan;
- ice or snow.
Fill about half the volume of the pan with prepared water. A heat-resistant stand is placed inside the vessel, on which a deep plate is placed. Cover the pan with a lid, the convex part down, and place this structure on the fire. When the water begins to boil, place an ice pack on the lid to speed up the process of condensation of water vapor.
The process goes like this: during boiling, water molecules evaporate and fly upward until they reach the cold lid. The cooled steam turns into droplets of water, they run down the convex side of the lid and drip into a deep plate. After some time, a sufficient amount of purified water will collect in the plate. You can pour it into a glass jar and continue the procedure.
Freezing
Pour the settled water into a plastic container and place it in the freezer, monitoring the degree of freezing from time to time. When half of the liquid turns into ice, remove the container of water from the freezer and drain the unfrozen water. It is in it that mineral and organic impurities will be present.
Frozen water is a collection of H2O molecules, without any impurities, that is, it is a distillate. The ice should be thawed at room temperature, after which the resulting water can be used for domestic purposes.
So, we get the result without using a water distillation device.
Using rainwater
Why waste your own energy and energy on water purification if you can use a distillate created by nature itself? We are talking about ordinary rainwater. You just need to place a glass or ceramic vessel in an open area and wait for precipitation.
Disadvantages of the method:
- Thus, it is impossible to stock up on large amounts of liquid.
- Impossibility of use in large cities with a high degree of air pollution (where acid rain, smog, etc. are common). Such water will have impurities and will be unsuitable for cooking and other purposes.
As you can see, there are several relatively simple ways to obtain distillate without purchasing a water distillation apparatus.
Video about the benefits and harms of distilled water
Distilled water is water without foreign chemical complex substances. It is sold in any pharmacy and at special points of sale. However, many people wonder how to make distilled water yourself? Today we will talk more about this topic!
Water without "chemicals"
Water that has undergone the distillation process is called distilled. It is widely used in industrial activities: it is diluted with “non-freezing” liquids, poured into batteries, used in aquariums and simply drunk (this requires a doctor’s prescription).
The wide scope of application is determined by the physical properties of such water - it does not form sediment after evaporation and has an “unnatural” purity.
In order to understand how to make distilled water at home, you need to understand how it is produced on an industrial scale. It is manufactured in devices that are designed for these processes - distillers.
A big factory at your home
You can “simulate” the operation of a distiller at home.
To do this you need:
- Evaporate the water;
- Condense the resulting steam into a separate (clean) container;
- Freeze the water.
Let's look at the process of how to make distilled water at home in more detail!
Also, you can purchase ready-made distilled water, you need to click on the “buy distilled water” tab https://aquapd.ru/voda/ - this will allow you to always have the required amount of purified water at one of the lowest prices!
Preparing the water
To prepare the liquid, it is better to let it settle. This will allow the chlorine (in tap water) to evaporate, and heavy metals and impurities to precipitate. Do not cover the liquid with a lid - this will prevent the chlorine from evaporating! It is better not to stand in direct sunlight.
The water must stand for at least 7 hours:
- - Chlorine - evaporates after 2 hours;
- - Impurities - 6 hours.
You can use a tube to help express the water better. One end of it is placed in a container with water - this will allow you to quickly and “dryly” drain the required volume directly from the bottom, after which you can start pouring.
Evaporation
We continue to answer the question - how to make distilled water at home? We proceed to the next stage - evaporation.
To “gather steam” you need:
- The prepared water should be poured into enamel pans (fill to half the level and place on the stove);
After the liquid boils, the level of fire flow under it can be reduced - the evaporation process will not stop, but will continue with less gas or electricity. You can perform this process in “portions”, constantly adding the required volume of liquid.
- On top of the pan you need to install a dome-shaped form for water drainage (dome down);
An inverted pan lid or a (large) kitchen bowl can act as a dome. More creative people can use a tight kiss and a little weight. To attach the cellophane, you can use tape, rubber bands or clothespins. Important: personal control over the evaporation process and adherence to fire safety rules are required - this process is fire hazardous.
If you have enough time, then the evaporation process can be entrusted to the sun - natural evaporation.
- You need to install a vessel in the pan itself to collect droplets of evaporated water from the dome.
For a faster effect, you can place a bag of ice on top of the dome - the lower temperature will allow the steam to quickly transform into water and condense into a container to collect liquid inside the pan.
Freezing
The resulting water from the previous stage must be placed in the freezer. It is advisable to activate the fast freezing mode - this will allow you to more quickly separate “clean” water from that which cannot freeze quickly due to a small amount of impurities.
How to make distilled water at home? You need to try to freeze it to ice. But you need to show special care and duration - not all of the water should freeze, but only half.
The ice formation process never occurs at a uniform freezing rate, allowing for a more purified liquid to be released. After pieces of ice begin to form in the water, you need to let these pieces cover half the container. Ice is the purest water you have, and you don’t need to use anything else - it’s not distilled water.
The resulting ice is the “finished product”. The ice must be given time to defrost and warm up to room temperature, after which you receive distilled water that you produced yourself!
"Village Method"
How to make distilled water? In any village they will tell you one trick - why spend money on evaporating water when nature has already done it for you?
In many villages, rainwater is collected in large tanks, barrels, cans, and then the process of “half” freezing occurs (described above). Thus, the villagers save on evaporation - the sun has already done this for them, and the rain cloud has generously watered the earth with this water.
This method can save you time, but you should be more attentive to the quality of the water. The current environmental situation may impose restrictions on this method. It is worthwhile to conduct laboratory tests of rainfall, after which you will be able to use this method without restrictions!
Also, do not forget that laboratory tests have their own period, after which it must be repeated again!
The method for obtaining Distilled water in industrial or laboratory conditions is known, well studied and is called distillation in one case and bidistillation in the other. The difference between the second method is that the resulting water is distilled twice and higher quality water is obtained.Distilled water 99.99% free from impurities, hardness salts, minerals and organics.
Reverse osmosis systems can also purify H 2 O to acceptable values, but still cannot be compared with distilled water, the specific electrical conductivity indicator is standardized by GOST to no more than 5.00 µS/cm. The best purified water has a comparable value, but it is insufficient - around 7-8 µS/cm.
A high degree of purification is in demand not only in industry, but also in everyday life, and any person can produce small volumes of distilled water independently. Here are three ways to obtain it: evaporation, freezing and the natural method.
Tap water must first be settled before distillation. It is collected in a container and, without closing the lid, is left to stand for 2-3 or more hours. During this time, chlorine evaporates from it, and metal impurities settle to the bottom.
Next we move on to evaporation. Fill half of the enamel pan with settled water and put it on the fire. We place a stand in the water, which can be an oven or microwave rack. A deep cup, plate or bowl is placed on this stand, and the pan is closed with a lid. It is better to use a cone-shaped lid rather than a flat one, and place it with the convex part inward. When boiling, the water will begin to evaporate, condensation will form on the lid, which, flowing to the center of the cone-shaped lid, will drip directly into the cup. This is completely purified water, which can be used for any need. To speed up the evaporation process, you can place an ice pack on the lid of the pan.
You can also evaporate water using a kettle. A kettle filled with water is placed on a hot stove, and, shortly before boiling, a hose is put on its spout. The other end of the hose is placed in a container (jar, canister), which should be placed in a basin filled with cold water or ice. It is not a fact that the thermal method of producing distilled water at home will be cheaper than in industrial settings.Buy distilled water there are 5 liters in a container and calculating the cost of independently producing the same 5 liters, taking into account the costs of electricity, packaging and printing, maybe it still makes sense?
It is possible to remove unnecessary impurities from water by freezing. This method has been known to people for a long time: previously, with its help, it was possible to obtain clean water even from salty sea water. Today, using this method is very simple - you only need a regular household refrigerator.
So, you need to take a bottle (glass or plastic), or other container, and fill it completely with pre-settled water. The container should be placed in the freezer compartment of the refrigerator. If you are using a metal container, place a piece of paper under the bottom to prevent it from freezing. After waiting until some of the water freezes, the remaining part must be drained, as it contains impurities, salts and other undesirable inclusions. And the resulting ice must be defrosted at a temperature no higher than 25 degrees.
Frozen water radically changes its own structure; it can be used for cooking and for technical purposes. This water should be stored in an airtight container, away from heating devices and avoiding direct sunlight. The shelf life of distilled water is unlimited.
Distilled water must be completely free of even minor impurities. You can drink it, but there will be no benefit from it, because the human body needs mineral salts, which, like harmful additives, are removed from water during distillation. Another thing is a car battery, where it is necessary to add distilled water. Tap water contains chlorine, phosphorus, and magnesium, which settle on the lead plates of the battery, complicating and disrupting its operation.
The easiest way to get clean water is to collect raindrops. Natural rainwater, provided that it is collected not in the center of a metropolis, but in an ecologically clean area, initially does not contain impurities. It can even be used for drinking without boiling. You can collect raindrops in the following way: by placing one or more clean containers in wet weather in an open space. After a day or two, the rainwater needs to be poured into a sterile container, where it will be stored for a long time.
In winter, it is possible to obtain clean water from snow. To do this, you just need to collect the snow in a clean container and wait until it completely melts. It is important to remember that only freshly fallen snow is collected, which has not yet had time to absorb dust, dirt and debris from the environment.
In conclusion, we will say that the methods presented here for obtaining distilled water are the main ones. Other methods can complement and improve them. To be fair, it should be said that distilled water, although very pure, still has a purer form -
