Furniture board. Features of manufacturing furniture panels Technology of assembling laminated wooden panels
When making natural, environmentally friendly fittings, using homemade furniture panels is the most correct solution. Since furniture board looks more refined than its analogues, chipboard or MDF, and also has a number of advantages over them. We’ll talk further about how to make a furniture panel with your own hands.
General concept of furniture panels
Furniture board is a type of wood materials that are made by gluing together planed bars made of wood.
During the production of furniture panels, an array is used:
- birch,
- oak,
- beech,
- aspen,
- from larch,
- from coniferous species.
This material is highly durable and environmentally friendly, therefore it is an identical analogue of solid wood. Used for the manufacture of wooden furniture, in the construction and finishing industries. Furniture panel differs from solid wood by a peculiar checkerboard pattern, which is formed by spliced bars.
Furniture panels are characterized by the presence of internal tension, and therefore require special work skills. Improper use or processing of this material will result in deformation of the finished product. Furniture made from furniture panels will last as long as wood.
Furniture panel photo:
Advantages of using furniture board
1. Completely environmentally friendly - this material does not cause allergies and does not release harmful substances into the environment.
2. If the furniture board is processed correctly, furniture made from it looks very elegant and resembles natural wood.
3. Practicality is another quality of using this material; damaged fittings are restored very quickly, thanks to the homogeneity of the wood structure.
4. Furniture made from furniture panels has a long service life, which is equal to furniture made from solid wood.
5. Natural wood texture helps improve the aesthetic properties of furniture panels.
6. During the operation of items made from furniture panels, there are practically no cracks, deformation or shrinkage of this material.
7. Furniture panels come in very different sizes, since this material is made from fragments of wooden blocks, and not from a solid mass.
8. Furniture made from this material has the ability to absorb harmful substances and regulates the level of air humidity in the room.
Technological process for the production of furniture panels
Factories involved in the production of furniture panels use special equipment for preparing, processing and gluing wood.
Industrial production of furniture panels includes the following stages:
1. The process of drying edged boards, during which the material is brought to a certain humidity.
2. Calibration and the process of opening areas where defects are present. At this stage, a base surface is provided before further processing.
3. The process of opening defects allows you to get rid of irregularities and dark spots on the surface.
4. Cutting to size stage - involves cutting the wood into specific width bars and cutting out defective areas.
5. The next process is cutting and adjusting the wood to length.
6. Calibration removes residual adhesive and corrects shapes with millimeter precision. During the manufacture of a spliced panel, the process of dissolving into lamellas is carried out, followed by gluing them together.
7. Gluing involves applying glue to the surface and connecting the bars into a complete base.
8. After drying, the shield is cut into longitudinal parts to remove defective seams, and then re-glued. This process gives additional rigidity to the furniture panel.
10. The shield is given its final shape, it is calibrated and polished.
Types and features of furniture panels
In relation to production technology, there are:
- solid type furniture panel,
- furniture panel of spliced type.
A solid shield consists of spliced lamellas that form a solid surface. A solid shield is also called single-layer or massive, due to its integrity and strength. The thickness of such a shield ranges from 1.4 to 6 cm. For its manufacture, wooden slats, boards or bars are used, which are glued together depending on the direction of the fibers. A spliced or multi-layer shield is made from small bars that are glued together along the length or width. The number of middle layers must be odd; the layers are laid in compliance with symmetry. The thickness of such a shield ranges from 1.2 to 6 cm.
There are several classes of furniture panels. The highest or premium class does not allow the presence of nicks, deformations, damaged areas or knots on the surface of the board. The middle class has a lower cost, but is characterized by the presence of small knots on the surface. To produce low-grade furniture panels, low-quality wood is used. Division and designation of classes:
A-A, A-B, A-C, B-B, B-C, C-C.
Grade A means full imitation of wood texture. Grade B - characterized by monotony, no pattern selection, and absence of defects. Grade C - has minor knots and some mechanical damage.
Depending on the material used to make furniture panels, there are:
1. Furniture board made of pine - due to the presence of a large amount of glue in pine, it is characterized by high strength and elasticity.
2. Furniture panel made of oak - suitable for the manufacture of load-lifting frames, as it has high strength. This material is distinguished by the presence of a beautiful texture, so it is also used for making furniture. The cost of oak furniture panels is the highest.
3. Larch furniture board has a beautiful wood texture, is distinguished by a variety of shades and colors, can withstand high humidity and is not susceptible to rotting. Used for the manufacture of window sills, furniture, countertops, and interior items. It is an inexpensive material.
4. Furniture panels made of chipboard - characterized by reduced strength, low cost and susceptibility to moisture. They are not environmentally friendly due to the use of binding resins.
Do-it-yourself production and gluing of furniture panels
To make a furniture panel at home you will need:
- planer,
- a device that will help connect and glue bars,
- belt sander,
- building level,
- coarse-grained sanding tape,
- surface grinder.
To make a furniture panel, use slats or bars; it is also possible to cut a solid board into small pieces.
1. The first stage includes the process of preparing the bars.
To make a furniture panel, you should use only one type of wood material. For example, birch, oak, pine, larch, ash or aspen.
Requirements for bars:
- absence of defects, cracks or knots;
- the thickness should be a few millimeters greater than the thickness of the shield after manufacturing, since the material is polished.
The best size for the thickness and length of the finished bars is 1:1. To obtain a high-quality workpiece, the ratio between thickness and width should not exceed 1:3.
When sawing a board, you should take into account that the cutting angle must be extremely straight. If there are uneven areas, use a planer.
2. The second stage includes preparation for the gluing process.
During this stage, it is necessary to build a device that will help glue the bars into a shield. This device must be absolutely flat; for this you can use a regular chipboard sheet. The two edges of the surface must contain two fixed strips. Their height depends on the height of the bars. You will also need two blades and two slats.
Between the slats you should lay out bars that fit tightly to each other and create a beautiful pattern. All cracks are eliminated with a jointer. If square bars are used, it is easier to obtain a harmonious pattern, since their arrangement can easily be changed by rotation.
3. The third stage involves gluing the bars.
To glue the bars, use any type of glue that is designed for working with wood. The best option is Joiner or PVA. The surface to be glued is completely coated with glue. Watch the distribution of glue, a large amount will lead to all the seams becoming noticeable, and a lack of glue will reduce the strength of the structure. Press the lubricated bars tightly against each other.
On two planks that are located on the sides of the chipboard sheet, two more planks should be laid perpendicularly, and secured with self-tapping screws. This action will reduce the risk of the furniture panel bending during gluing. For a tighter fit of the bars, wedges are used. You should not clamp the bars tightly with wedges; as soon as the first drops of glue appear on the surface, you should stop this action. Leave the workpiece for an hour, then remove it from the structure and leave it for another day.
4. The final stage of work on the furniture panel.
To carry out preliminary grinding, use a belt sander, into which coarse-grained sandpaper is installed. After this, the surface is processed by a surface grinder. To remove lint, the surface is covered with a small amount of water; after the water has dried, lint rises and is removed with sanding equipment. After this, the furniture panel is used to construct tables, shelves, stairs, bedside tables and other items.
Furniture board video:
Furniture board is a sheet of wood material that has a rectangular or square shape.
It is made by gluing together wooden blocks in width and length (in some cases). The width of each individual bar is about 10 - 50 millimeters.
Furniture board production technology allows the use of coniferous wood such as spruce and pine. Panels made of beech, oak, maple, ash and birch are quite popular.
History of furniture board production technology
Furniture panels are used to make furniture, various building elements, and as decoration. This is an environmentally friendly and aesthetically attractive material, compared to its counterpart chipboard. Furniture panels have been used for quite a long time.
The technology for producing furniture panels has remained virtually unchanged over the past hundred years. In the non-conical version, the wood blocks were compressed using a metal clamp. Nowadays, this function is performed by the press. Mass use of this product began in the 70s of the last century.
Today, among laminated wood materials in the construction and furniture industry, cheaper analogues of furniture panels have appeared.
In this regard, the scope of its application is quite narrowly focused:
- it is a hypoallergenic natural material, so it is environmentally friendly;
- when processed correctly, it looks aesthetically pleasing and elegant;
- furniture board is quite a practical material.
Advantages of furniture board production technology
Glued furniture board has significant features compared to other structural materials used in furniture production:
- Long service life.
- Panel furniture is repairable. This is due to the uniformity of the wood structure. Even a damaged piece of furniture can be very easily restored, after which it will regain its original appearance.
- Wood is a hygroscopic material that regulates indoor air humidity.
- Furniture made from such a shield can adsorb harmful substances.
- The use of new gluing technologies allows the natural texture of the wooden surface to be preserved.
- The furniture board does not come apart during its operation and has minimal shrinkage.
- The environmental friendliness of this material allows it to be used for interior decoration, as well as for the manufacture of furniture.
- Furniture panels can be produced in any size (length, width and thickness).
Thanks to its numerous advantages, furniture panels are very popular not only in the Russian but also in the world market. Edged lumber is used as a raw material for the production of this material.
Stages of furniture panel production
Any production of laminated panels must have drying equipment. Only in this option can you be 100 percent sure that the wood will stick together reliably and firmly.
The technology for producing furniture panels allows us to obtain different types of this material depending on the area in which it will be used.
There are two types: single-layer and multi-layer. The first type is also called a massive or simple furniture panel. Its thickness ranges from 14 to 60 millimeters. It is made from wooden slats, timber or boards, about 18 mm wide, which are glued together in one layer parallel to the direction of the wood fibers.
A multilayer shield consists of two front sides and an odd number of inner layers. All layers are laid symmetrically in thickness. It is this that determines the positive properties of this type of material. The thickness of the multilayer shield can reach 75 millimeters.
Main stages of furniture panel production technology:
- Drying workpieces.
- Preliminary trimming of the product.
- Opening defects and cutting the resulting workpiece according to its width.
- Cutting out defective areas.
- Splicing the product along the length and obtaining lamellas.
- Calibration of lamellas.
- Applying glue.
- Shield gluing.
- Calibration and grinding.
- Trimming the shield based on the specified format.
New technologies for the production of furniture panels at the exhibition
Furniture board is a product of deep processing of wood, so gluing can significantly reduce wood costs, as well as make the most efficient use of lumber. This brings new varieties of high-quality materials to the furniture market.
Furniture board is a specific type of wood material, created by gluing standard planed wooden blocks. It is effectively used to create various types of fittings and coatings. Making a furniture panel with your own hands at home is not at all difficult, so this work can be done independently by every person. The resulting structures are natural and environmentally friendly, and at the same time much more attractive than chipboard or MDF.
Creating a furniture panel with your own hands at home involves the use of different types of wood. Most often, birch or oak, beech or aspen are used for this, as well as larch and various conifers.
Each type of wood has its own characteristics, so before making a specific choice, it is recommended to determine in advance the operating conditions under which the resulting contract will be used.
Furniture panels are most often used to create various furniture and doors. They are distinguished by the presence of specific internal stress, so during the work you need to be careful so as not to damage the integrity of the structure. Improper work can lead to deformation of the finished product.
The main advantages of furniture panels are:
- environmental friendliness due to the use of natural ingredients and high-quality glue;
- the exquisite appearance of the resulting furniture and other structures, but this is only possible with proper processing of the panels;
- high practicality, since wood has a homogeneous structure, which allows you to restore broken or unattractive elements;
- making furniture panels is an incredibly simple task, and a small amount of money is spent on this process;
- furniture made from panels is durable and attractive;
- the products do not have any cracks or other deformations, and are not subject to significant shrinkage.
The main factor in obtaining a high-quality shield is the competent choice of material for these purposes. Typically, furniture panels have a thickness of 2 cm, so blanks of the optimal size, as well as those with the required thickness, are initially prepared. Since the boards will certainly have to be planed and then sanded, they should be purchased with a reserve, so their thickness should be 2.5 cm.
When choosing a material, you should focus on the type of wood, as well as the quality of the boards. The wood must not be uneven or warped. It must be of high quality, properly dried and completely free of any rotten areas. Therefore, you should carefully inspect the boards before purchasing. Additionally, the accompanying documentation for the material is studied in detail.
Required Tools
Do-it-yourself furniture panel gluing is done using standard tools. Usually they are available to every man who prefers to do numerous housework on his own. Therefore, only the elements are prepared:
- planing machine that ensures optimal preparation of wood;
- a tool for joining and gluing individual wooden blocks;
- belt type sander;
- construction level, allowing you to get really even panels;
- coarse sandpaper;
- flat sander.
These tools will be enough to make a shield, so no expensive devices will be needed anymore.
Manufacturing rules
As soon as the tools are completely ready for the planned work, the actual production procedure begins. How to make a furniture panel? This process is not considered too complicated, but in order to eliminate possible errors or problems, it is recommended to study the correct instructions in advance. To do this, follow the following steps:
- Initially, wooden boards are cut into separate bars of the required size, and it is important to make the cuts in such a way that they are strictly at right angles;
- The presence of any unevenness or other defects is not allowed, since in this case it will not be possible to properly glue the furniture board together;
- if minor distortions are detected, they can be eliminated with a conventional planer;
- An important point in production is the combination of the resulting blanks, since they must be the same in texture and color, as well as in other important parameters;
- After selecting the elements, they are marked so that during the gluing process there are no difficulties with their correct location.
To ensure that all stages of the process are completed taking into account the main nuances, it is recommended to watch the training video in advance.
Making bars
We process with a machine
We mark each block
Element gluing technology
After all the bars have been prepared, you can begin gluing them directly, which will ensure a high-quality shield. This procedure is also divided into successive stages:
- a device is selected that makes it possible to glue the bars together, and it must be even, and usually a regular sheet of chipboard is used for this;
- strips are fixed along the edges of the sheet, and their height depends on the parameters of the prepared bars;
- bars are laid between these slats, and they should fit tightly to each other and an attractive pattern should be formed from them;
- if there are cracks, they can be easily eliminated with a standard jointer;
- then the bars are glued together, for which different types of glue intended for wood are used, but the use of PVA glue is considered optimal;
- the entire surface consisting of bars is completely spread with glue, and it is important that the product is evenly distributed over the surface;
- the lubricated elements are pressed tightly against each other;
- two more such planks are laid on the slats, fixed to the chipboard sheet, after which these elements are connected with self-tapping screws, and this is necessary to prevent the resulting shield from bending;
- the resulting blank is left for about an hour, after which the shield is released and left for a day.
Thus, having figured out how to glue elements to obtain a furniture panel, this process will not require significant effort. The procedure is easily carried out on your own, and the result is structures that are effectively used to create numerous furniture, doors or even full-fledged coatings, characterized not only by high strength, but also reliability, as well as an attractive appearance.
Fastening the slats
Lay out the bars
We lay two more planks
Leave to dry
Final processing
Shields are made in such a way that they are not only strong and durable, but also quite attractive. To do this, attention is paid to some finishing stages, which include special processing. To do this, follow these steps:
- a preliminary grinding procedure is carried out. For these purposes, it is recommended to use a standard belt sander. It is necessary to insert special sandpaper into it, and it must have large fractions, since the initial processing is being done. It allows you to eliminate large defects and differences remaining on the surface after the process of creating the shield. You must act carefully, and also carry out the process in consistent and even lines;
- secondary processing - involves the use of a flat grinder. It ensures the removal of the slightest differences, irregularities and other defects present on the surface of the wooden furniture panel. Also, due to this process, lint is removed from the surface. It is recommended to pre-moisten the base with a small amount of water, and start sanding only after the structure has completely dried.
After competently implemented processing, it is possible to use the resulting panels to create a variety of tables or shelves, bedside tables and other furniture. They can be used to form doors or coatings that have high strength, reliability and durability.
Furniture board- a type of construction material that combines the advantages of natural raw materials and the advantages of modern technologies. The natural base and environmentally friendly production method allow us to classify furniture panels as wood products. In fact, furniture panels are a product of deep processing of wood and have all the operational and aesthetic qualities of natural wood.
The manufacturing method determines the structure of the furniture panel: wooden planks (lamellas) are glued together under a press and form a continuous sheet.
The lamellas are laid in such a way that the multidirectional nature of the wood fibers compensates for the tension inside the board being formed. There are two types of furniture panels: solid, glued from planed or sawn veneer without knots, and spliced (lengthwise or widthwise) from small bars. Environmentally friendly glue with increased adhesive properties and a powerful press ensure the strength of the joints. The slab is carefully polished, resulting in a durable “patchwork” fabric that looks like a solid wooden board and is not inferior to its natural counterparts.
Various tree species are used to produce lumber (oak, beech, pine, ash, Karelian birch, spruce, cedar, larch, bamboo, mahogany, palm, rosewood). The most popular and in demand on the market are furniture panels made of oak, pine and larch. The wood of these species has a dense water-repellent structure, which prevents the material from rotting.
Warm color tones and beautiful wood grain give the product a noble look. The healing properties of wood give furniture and interior items (doors, stairs, window sills, wall cladding) special energy.
- Furniture board is in demand in the furniture industry and interior design, and with special processing it can be used in exterior finishing work. The popularity of lumber is explained by its advantages:
- Furniture board is a natural product: premium board is made from selected wood and has an ideal texture and appearance. Solid wood furniture panels also have the qualities of natural wood: “breathable” texture, wood grain;
- The stacked design and production technology allows us to produce furniture sheets of various sizes in a wide color range. If necessary, standard panels can be easily sawn to the required parameters;
- The consumer characteristics of furniture panels depend on the properties of the wood used. When choosing lumber, it is possible to optimize the purchase in accordance with the purpose of use and financial capabilities;
- Being a natural product, furniture board is much cheaper than wood. High performance and affordable prices allow it to compete with other materials in the furniture and building materials market.
Organization of a mini-workshop.
Choice - Room.
Equipment for the production of furniture panels.
Staff.
Investments in mini business.
Financial plan.
Payback periods.
Marketing.
Advertising.
Sales of products.
Almost every person would prefer to have their own business than to work as an employee. There are several reasons for this. First of all, business owners have the opportunity to do what they love and have a higher income. Owning even a small business is prestigious. Independence from external conditions and whims of the employer is also an important plus.
In this review we want to talk about the woodworking shop and the production of furniture panels. While engaged in the production of furniture panels, the workshop can also produce designer furniture, while there will be two independent sources of income and two portfolios of clients. So, where to start organizing a business and a woodworking workshop and the production of furniture panels?
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Organization of a mini-workshop.
For small-scale wholesale production of furniture panels, it will be necessary to open a small woodworking enterprise, on the basis of which furniture panels will be produced. Of course, it is possible to focus production on the production of furniture, but it is not a fact that it will be in demand. The production of furniture panels allows us to form a portfolio of regular small-scale wholesale customers, and, accordingly, ensure a constant income for the woodworking shop.
It may be advisable to open a mini-workshop in areas where logging is carried out and lumber is produced, but even if wood is purchased and delivered to the region, the business will be quite profitable. Let's look at it in detail.
Furniture panels are usually purchased by furniture production companies. Manufacturing features, accordingly, suggest different textures and patterns of wood, which can distinguish designer furniture of mass and individual production. Despite the fairly wide offer, new wood panel products with good workmanship are in demand on the market.
The main advantages of furniture structural material include:
- the use of new gluing technologies makes it possible to preserve and advantageously emphasize the natural texture of wood;
- glued structures, unlike solid wood, retain their overall dimensions unchanged and practically do not shrink;
- glued furniture panels are an environmentally friendly product used for the production of furniture and interior decoration;
- furniture panels of any size can be made for production, which, accordingly, reduces costs for ineffective use.
The production of furniture panels is a good basis for any woodworking business, as there is a steady demand. Hardwood and coniferous wood are used as raw materials for production; pine is considered the most cost-effective material.
The production process of laminated furniture board consists of the following stages, which means:
- drying lumber preferably in our own drying chambers, this will ensure high quality products;
- calibration and processing of lumber defects;
- dissolving wood into lamellas and removing defects;
- trimming to the required size and removing defective areas;
- splicing of workpieces (along the length), jagged tenons are cut out at the ends of the workpieces and glue is applied, trimming is carried out to size;
- calibration of lamellas in order to remove the adhesive layer and obtain geometrically accurate blanks;
- gluing lamellas and gluing into a shield;
- cutting out defective seams.
- board formatting with cutting to width and format trimming;
- clean calibration and final grinding.
Each process involves performing work on a special machine; some of the production processes can be carried out on semi-industrial woodworking machines, but it will still be necessary to mechanize and automate production as much as possible in order to obtain a high-quality product. The size and characteristics of the workshop premises will depend on the number of machines purchased.
Choice - Room.
The premises for a mini workshop for the production of furniture panels are usually selected in an industrial area. To do this, you will need to rent a warehouse or workshop at a geographically convenient enterprise. The workshop infrastructure should include administrative premises - 20-30 sq. meters, warehouse for lumber and finished products 30-50 sq. meters (preferably divided into different rooms), the workshop area is 100-200 sq. meters.
The average cost for renting a warehouse will be 15,000-18,000 rubles per month.
Equipment for the production of furniture panels.
The universal four-sided four-spindle machine Winner Blazer BL 4-23 for woodworking is suitable for a high-tech workshop; it performs all the described operations. You can choose from inexpensive woodworking machines, their price is 12,000-36,000 rubles;
Double-sided thicknesser MIDA SPBF-2S/500 or MV-2061 for lamellas, made in Portugal and China, respectively. Thicknesser JET JWP-12 m can be purchased for 18,000 rubles;
Optimization line OMGA T 2000 NC series, a used Russian machine can be purchased for 640,000 rubles;
- end splicing line OMGA FJL-183, the Russian version will cost 144,000 rubles, a semi-automatic machine will cost about 56,000 rubles;
Glue applying machine OSAMA S2R-1600, you can purchase a less expensive version of the machine for approximately 220,000 rubles;
Fan wedge TRIMWEX INDUK type SL(P), used wedge can be purchased for 300,000 rubles;
A machine for aging wood in order to obtain a unique texture for furniture panels will cost 320,000 rubles;
Some types of machines listed can be made independently. Accordingly, this will significantly reduce the volume of investments. When preparing a business plan, you can go in two ways. To purchase new or overhauled equipment on credit or leasing, most companies offer favorable conditions; accordingly, you will only need to work hard to pay for the equipment. The second way involves purchasing used equipment at your own expense. This option also has advantages - you do not need to pay off debts.
Staff.
The number of workers in mini workshops is usually 5-15 people. As a rule, workers and carpenters also perform work on loading and unloading raw materials and goods. In general, you will need to hire the following employees; it is better to choose people with work experience or technical education:
Workshop manager (who is also the owner and main foreman) - 70,000 rubles/month;
Accountant-secretary - 25,000 rubles/month;
2 professional carpenters - 2*40,000 rubles/month;
2 apprentice assistants - 2*20,000 rubles/month;
1 machine operator - 50,000 rubles/month;
1 mechanic - 30,000 rubles/month;
1 loader - 20,000 rubles/month;
1 cleaner-storekeeper - 15,000 rubles/month;
2 watchmen - 10,000 rubles/month;
TOTAL: 350,000 rubles/month.
To work at an enterprise, workers must conclude a contract and also take out insurance, since work in production poses risks to health and life if technical safety standards are violated.
Investments in mini business.
The required investments will depend on the capacity of the workshop for the production of furniture panels and the level of its equipment. Required:
- rent a premises for production, prepare it for setting up a workshop, it may require repairs, installation of a ventilation system, partitions, doors, gates and checkpoints. These costs depend entirely on the chosen premises and its arrangement. We estimate the costs for this position without rent at 100,000 rubles;
- purchase or order equipment, the estimated investment in technological equipment will be 1,820,000 rubles (approximately 45 thousand dollars);
- the purchase of raw materials can be carried out to order, 50 cubic meters. meters will be quite enough for a start. Average price per 1 cubic meter m of unedged pine board is 8,000 rubles, respectively, the costs will be 400,000 rubles;
- rent of premises for 3 months - 54,000 rubles.
- salaries for 3 months - 1,050,000 rubles, in this case there may be options, since it is not worth supporting employees without having a workload. Initially, you can hire an incomplete staff, and later expand it. For the first time, monthly salary expenses will be limited to 400,000 rubles/month.
Financial plan.
For example, the cost of furniture panels made from SS grade pine is 1,200 rubles per 0.04 cubic meters. meters, respectively, 1 cubic. a meter of furniture board will cost 120,000 rubles, while the cost of an unedged board is 8,000 rubles.
First 3 months of work (partial load):
In this case, in order to recoup the costs of maintaining the workshop in the first 3 months:
- 18,000 rubles/month. rent + 4000 rubles/month. communal payments;
- 400,000 rubles/month. salaries.
You will need to receive an income of 422,000 rubles. When selling per month 20 cubic meters. meters of furniture board, the turnover in the first months will be 2,400,000 rubles. Costs for the board: (20 cubic meters + 30% for defects) * 8,000 rubles = 208,000 rubles. Accordingly, the cost of raw materials will not exceed 10%. Income will be:
2,400,000 (total sales volume) - 422,000 (costs of maintaining the workshop) - 208,000 (costs of raw materials) = 1,770,000 rubles.
The break-even point (based on the costs of raw materials and maintenance of the workshop) assumes the production and sale of 3 square meters. meters of shield per month. Don't forget about paying VAT, payroll taxes and income taxes.
After the workshop reaches its design capacity (50 cubic meters)
After the workshop reaches its design capacity (approximately 50 cubic meters), the income will be:
6,000,000 (total sales volume) - 105,000 (costs of maintaining the workshop) - 520,000 (costs of raw materials) = 4,430,000 rubles.
The break-even point for the maintenance of the workshop assumes the sale of 13 sq. meters of furniture board.
Payback periods.
Thus, we will make an assessment of the costs of investing in a business and estimate the planned income in connection with the planned production volume.
So, for the first 3 months the workshop will operate in experimental mode, producing and selling 20 cubic meters. meters of furniture board. Income excluding taxes will be 1,770,000 rubles each month.
Investments in equipment, according to our calculations, with a fully equipped workshop (see “Equipment”) will amount to 1,820,000 rubles. In fact, with properly organized implementation, it is possible to recoup the investment already in the first 2 months of operation of the woodworking shop. This allows you to think about purchasing high-quality equipment on lease or credit. But you can save and form a financial asset, and within a year you can radically expand production. So from a small workshop you can create a fairly large woodworking enterprise that produces not only furniture panels.
Marketing.
Of course, such impressive results can only be achieved with well-organized implementation. The marketing task, which during the first steps of the business falls under the responsibility of the owner, involves the sale of furniture panels in bulk.
Typically, wholesale means purchasing 10 cubic meters. meters. In practice, first of all, you need to conclude an agreement with two wholesale buyers. To do this, you need to offer a lower price for the product.
In the following months, the portfolio should include 5 large customers. This all presupposes preliminary negotiations with customers and their search.
Advertising.
Obviously, in the first months of operation, a mini workshop for the production of furniture panels should focus on attracting wholesale customers in order to reach the break-even point. At the same time, working with wholesalers does not at all exclude selling the board at retail or in small wholesale markets.
Any advertising should be targeted at a potential group of consumers. In our case, these are furniture companies. To present information about the new production, you will need to make booklets or brochures that will describe the workshop and its capabilities. For advertising in markets among small wholesale and retail buyers, you will need business cards and pocket calendars, which can be left in stores and on trays. We must not forget that an online store will help sell goods.
Advertising costs will be:
- brochures 1000-2000 pcs. - 16,000 rubles;
- booklets 1000-2000 pcs. - 6000-8000 rubles;
- pocket calendars 1000 pcs. - 3000 rubles;
- online store - 8,000 rubles with advertising.
If an active advertising campaign is required, this should be handled by a separate employee - an advertising manager. The manager's salary can be negotiable and amount to about 15,000 rubles for part-time work. In some cases, the functions of an advertising manager are taken over by accountants. For them, it is enough to order and receive products, as well as close financial documents.
Please note that creating a website does not imply that it will be found without additional effort. This is what a content manager usually does, promoting the site on social networks, search engines and forums. Typically, such specialists work on a contractual basis based on volume, so costs can be planned during operational activities.
Sales of products.
Sales of products during the first months of the workshop's operation are usually carried out by managers. At the next stage, sales agents and managers are involved in the work and a sales department or sales department is created. Most sales agents work on a percentage of sales volume, thus, business owners motivate traders to enter into more contracts, from which they receive a constant percentage.
The independent work of the sales department gives good results, the task of the agents is to organize sales, the task of the workshop is to produce high-quality products. The functionality of the sales department is over time complemented by the functions of the advertising and marketing department, which must generate productive sales concepts, constantly replenishing the portfolio of large and small buyers.
In fact, the proposed review is an instruction on how to create a small woodworking shop and develop it to the level of a large woodworking factory. With a pragmatic approach, building a large business from scratch is possible even today.
We wish you good luck in your first steps and hope that our review helped readers start their own business and achieve great success. Despite the skepticism of many, it is possible to create a large business from scratch, the main thing is to plan everything carefully and not be afraid of work. Of course, the choice of business direction is of particular importance. It is in this choice that we decided to help you and make the task of planning easier.
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