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What is the name of the city of Gorky now? Nizhny Novgorod Encyclopedia In what year was the city of Gorky founded?

Guide to the city of Gorky, 1960 edition. Publishing house "Gorkovskaya Pravda"

Under the cut there is text and 57 photos. Original style and spelling.

The city of Gorky - former Nizhny Novgorod - is a large industrial and cultural center. It has a centuries-old history rich in outstanding events.
From its founding (1221) until the mid-16th century, Nizhny Novgorod was the eastern border fortress of Rus' on the Volga.
At the beginning of the 17th century (in 1611), in Nizhny Novgorod, at the call of the great Russian patriot Kuzma Minin, a national militia was created that saved the country from the threat of foreign enslavement.
At the end of the last and beginning of the current century, the city was famous for the All-Russian Fair, which played an important role in the country’s economy.
Since the second half of the 19th century, Nizhny Novgorod has been developing as a large industrial center. The Nizhny Novgorod proletariat was one of the vanguard detachments of the proletarian revolutionary movement in our country. It was led by the Nizhny Novgorod party organization, created with the active participation of the great Lenin. Nizhny Novgorod workers waged an intense struggle against the autocracy, capitalists and landowners, fought on the barricades in December 1905 and won a victory in the days of the Great October Revolution.
During the years of the Civil War and foreign military intervention and during the Great Patriotic War, the city was one of the arsenals of the Soviet Army, forging weapons of victory over the enemies of the Land of the Soviets.
Nizhny Novgorod - Gorky is the birthplace of many outstanding revolutionaries, figures of Russian and Soviet science and culture. The great writer A. M. Gorky, whose name the city bears since 1932, was born and worked here. Ya. M. Sverdlov was born in Nizhny Novgorod and began his revolutionary activities. Natives of the city are the brilliant inventor I. P. Kulibin, the great mathematician N. I. Lobachevsky, the outstanding critic and revolutionary democrat N. A. Dobrolyubov, the composer M. A. Balakirev, the writers P. I. Melnikov-Pechersky, V. I. Kostylev and many others.
In the city of Gorky, many ancient monuments of the 16th-18th centuries have been preserved. During the years of Soviet power, the city changed, grew, and became younger. Nine-tenths of its territory are huge residential areas, dozens of enterprises - all this arose during the Soviet period on the site of wastelands, former suburban villages and hamlets. If, according to the 1926 census, 184.9 thousand people lived in Nizhny Novgorod, Kanavin and Sormovo, then according to the 1959 census, the population of Gorky was 942 thousand people.
On May 2, 1930, on the site of wastelands and swamps near the village of Monastyrki, a giant of the domestic automobile industry was founded - an automobile plant. Nowadays, a large residential area with dozens of landscaped streets spreads widely around it.
The number of residents of the district is almost twice the population of pre-revolutionary Nizhny. The same changes occurred in the Sormovo district, where the villages surrounding the Sormovo plant dissolved and are disappearing from the face of the earth in multi-story buildings. Large residential areas have been created and are being created in other areas of the city.
Gorky industry provides the country with a wide variety of products. Compared to 1913, the output of large-scale industry increased 191 times. The leading sectors of Gorky industry are automobile manufacturing, machine tool manufacturing, river shipbuilding, and mechanical engineering. In addition, the city has a number of large light and food industry enterprises.
In our country and far beyond its borders, comfortable passenger cars “Chaika” and “Volga”, trucks GAZ-51, GAZ-bZ, GAZ-62 and others, produced at the Gorky Automobile Plant, are widely known. On many waterways of the country, ships manufactured at the oldest enterprise in the city, the Krasnoye Sormovo plant, ply. The flagships of the Volga fleet, the diesel-electric ships Lenin and Sovetsky Soyuz, were manufactured in Sormovo, and the production of high-speed multi-passenger hydrofoil ships was launched. Milling machines, mill equipment, and many other products manufactured by the Gorky industry are well known in our country and abroad. According to the seven-year plan, a significant technical re-equipment of the Gorky industry is planned and it will master the production of many new types of products.
The city of Gorky is a major transport center.
During the navigation period, dozens of ships with national economic cargo and passengers depart from the city every day along the Volga and Oka. The Gorky port is the largest river port in the Soviet Union in terms of cargo turnover. The Gorky Railway, which is currently being electrified, is one of the most significant railways in the country.
Urban transport is being further developed. The total length of the city's tram lines is about 170 kilometers, and the length of bus routes is 400 kilometers. The city has seven trolleybus routes and a large taxi fleet. Extensive work is being done to pave the streets and plant trees, street lighting is being switched to fluorescent lamps, and gasification of the housing stock is being carried out on a large scale.
The city of Gorky is a major cultural center. It has ten higher educational institutions, a number of research institutes, 21 technical schools, and more than 150 schools.
The city has an opera and drama theaters, a comedy theater, a theater for young spectators and a puppet theater, there are two large Palaces of Culture, a cinema and concert hall, a philharmonic society, 45 cinemas and clubs, about 400 libraries, 6 museums, and a television center.
The city's population is served by 54 hospitals, 54 outpatient clinics and clinics, employing over 3,500 doctors.
According to the seven-year plan, further development of the urban economy is planned. Over three and a half million square meters of living space will be built in the city, which is almost three times the size of pre-revolutionary Nizhny Novgorod. New highway and railway bridges will be built across the Oka and Volga, and city embankments will be reconstructed. Major works are planned for further improvement of the city.
Carrying out the decisions of the party and government, the workers of the city of Gorky work tirelessly for the benefit of their great Motherland and make their worthy contribution to the implementation of the great task of the extensive construction of communism in our country.

1. Monument to V.I. Lenin in Sormovo

2. Zelensky Congress

3. Sormovo. Comintern Street.

4. Revolution Square

5. Ya. M. Sverdlov Street ( now the historical name has been returned - Bolshaya Pokrovskaya, now the street is pedestrian - hereinafter - my notes in italics)

6. Automobile plant. Sotsgorod.

7. New residential buildings on Arzamas highway.

8. Entry to the Kremlin.

9. The building of the regional Trade Union Council.

10. Monument to the heroes of the 1905 revolution.

11. On the children's railway named after. A. M. Gorky.

12. Opera and Ballet Theater named after. A. S. Pushkina

13. Drama Theater named after. A. M. Gorky

14. The main entrance to the new building of the university named after. N. I. Lobachevsky

15. Diesel-Electric ship "Lenin". Built at the Krasnoye Sormovo plant ( burned down during the winter repairs of 1986-1987, the hull was cut into metal in the backwater Memory of the Paris Commune in the mid-90s)

16. Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve

17. In one of the museum halls

18. Monument to A. M. Gorky

19. Household Museum of A. M. Gorky’s Childhood. ("Kashirin's House").

20. City Council building

21. car plant. On the Volga car assembly line

22. Car "Seagull"

23. Palace of Culture named after. V. I. Lenina

24. On the children's river shipping company

25. In the concert hall of the Conservatory. M. I. Glinka.

26. Polytechnic Institute named after. A. A. Zhdanova

28. Agricultural Institute

29. In the Kremlin.

30. Monument to V.P. Chkalov

31. Automobile plant. Cinema and concert hall.

32. Monument to Ya. M. Sverdlov

33. In one of the city squares.

34. On a winter day.

35. Palace of Pioneers named after. V. P. Chkalova.

36. View of the bridge over the Oka ( Kanavinsky Bridge)

37. Continuous casting of steel at the Krasnoye Sormovo plant.

38. At the berths of the passenger pier.

39. In the workshop of a garment factory

40. At the entrance to the State Bank

41. Icebreaker on the Volga ( in the photo - icebreaker "Don" of project 16. Built in 1950, decommissioned, dismantled in 2008 in the backwater Memory of the Paris Commune)

42. At the river port ( Project 576 motor ship "Sviyazhsk")

43. At the Torpedo stadium

44. At the Dynamo stadium skating rink

45. Gorkovskaya HPP ( The hydroelectric power station itself is located in Gorodets and connects two cities - Zavolzhye and Gorodets; the photo shows the final stage of construction)

46. ​​Volzhskaya embankment.

47. Hotel "Central"

48. Young pioneers are coming

49. Symphony orchestra concert on the Volga slope

50. In the reading room of the regional library named after. V. I. Lenin.

51. House of Communications ( I don’t know how it was in those years - but now this is probably the only house in the country without an address - that’s what it says in the documents - Nizhny Novgorod, House of Communications)

52. In kindergarten

53. Hydrofoil boats on the Volga.

54. Ski jump.

55. Automobile plant. Department store.

56. "Meteor" - a 150-seater hydrofoil motor ship. Built at the Krasnoye Sormovo plant in 1959.

57. In the television center studio.

The city of Nizhny Novgorod is the administrative center of the Nizhny Novgorod region. It is the largest city in the Volga Federal District, located on the East European Plain at the place where the Volga and Oka rivers merge. The Oka River divides it into two parts - the upper one, located on the Dyatlovy Mountains, and the lower one, located on the left on the low-lying bank. From 1932 to 1990 the city was called Gorky (in honor of the famous writer Maxim Gorky).

The city of Nizhny Novgorod is in fifth place in terms of population in the Russian Federation. The population is more than 1.255 thousand people. Nizhny Novgorod bears the status of an important economic, transport and cultural center of the country.

Nizhny Novgorod is one of the largest industrial centers in Russia; the main role lies with enterprises in the metalworking, mechanical engineering and information technology industries.

The city has about 600 unique historical, architectural and cultural monuments. The main one of all is the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin.

There are approximately two hundred cultural institutions in Nizhny Novgorod.

There are 95 public municipal libraries in Nizhny Novgorod, as well as libraries at educational institutions, organizations and enterprises of the city.

In the historical center of the city there is a stone Kremlin, built at the beginning of the 16th century, which was a 2-kilometer brick fortress surrounded by 13 watchtowers within the walls. The territory of the Kremlin housed many churches, but now only St. Michael the Archangel Cathedral has survived.

Bolshaya Pokrovskaya Street starts from the Minin and Pozharsky Square. By the way, the Kremlin tower with the name Dmitrovskaya is located on it - this is the “main” entrance to the Kremlin.

There are a lot of temples, churches, cathedrals in Nizhny Novgorod.
An important feature of Nizhny Novgorod is the large number of old low-rise buildings.

Nizhny Novgorod is a city with a great sports history and sports traditions.

A huge part of the city's sports facilities were built before the end of the 1980s and are morally outdated.

Printer Anikita Fofanov founded the first printing house at 19.12. 1613. And the first newspaper was published on January 5, 1838 and was called “Nizhny Novgorod Provincial Gazette”.

In August 1918, the city's first radio station began operating, and on February 27, 1919, the first voice transmission was launched. It was broadcast by the Nizhny Novgorod radio laboratory, under the leadership of Bonch-Bruevich.

Nizhny Novgorod is located at the confluence of two rivers: the Oka and the Volga. This city was originally founded as a fortress on the banks of the Oka and Volga rivers; the Oka divides the city into two parts. These parts of the city are connected by road bridges across the Oka River: Myzinsky, Kanavinsky, Molitovsky. A metro bridge was also built next to the Kanavinsky Bridge; by the way, it is also combined with a road bridge.

And there are 2 permanently operating bridges across the Volga River: the combined railway-road Borsky Bridge and the railway one. One of the directions of the Trans-Siberian Railway passes through them: the direction Nizhny Novgorod - Kirov.

Population of Nizhny Novgorod for 2018 and 2019. Number of residents of Nizhny Novgorod

Data on the number of city residents are taken from the Federal State Statistics Service. The official website of the Rosstat service is www.gks.ru.

1,259,013 people

2018

Graph of population changes in Nizhny Novgorod:

Nizhny Novgorod city photo. Photography of Nizhny Novgorod
Information about the city of Nizhny Novgorod on Wikipedia:

Link to the Nizhny Novgorod website. You can get a lot of additional information by reading it on the official website of Nizhny Novgorod, the official portal of Nizhny Novgorod and the government.

• Official website of Nizhny Novgorod
• Map of the city of Nizhny Novgorod. Nizhny Novgorod Yandex maps
• 1. Ascension Pechersky Monastery

2. Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin

On the page you can familiarize yourself with some descriptions of Nizhny Novgorod. You can also see the location of the city of Nizhny Novgorod on the Yandex map. Detailed with descriptions and labels of all city objects.

Guide to the city of Gorky, 1960 edition.

Publishing house "Gorkovskaya Pravda"

The city of Gorky - former Nizhny Novgorod - is a large industrial and cultural center. It has a centuries-old history rich in outstanding events.
From its founding (1221) until the mid-16th century, Nizhny Novgorod was the eastern border fortress of Rus' on the Volga.
At the beginning of the 17th century (in 1611), in Nizhny Novgorod, at the call of the great Russian patriot Kuzma Minin, a national militia was created that saved the country from the threat of foreign enslavement.
At the end of the last and beginning of the current century, the city was famous for the All-Russian Fair, which played an important role in the country’s economy.
Since the second half of the 19th century, Nizhny Novgorod has been developing as a large industrial center. The Nizhny Novgorod proletariat was one of the vanguard detachments of the proletarian revolutionary movement in our country. It was led by the Nizhny Novgorod party organization, created with the active participation of the great Lenin. Nizhny Novgorod workers waged an intense struggle against the autocracy, capitalists and landowners, fought on the barricades in December 1905 and won a victory in the days of the Great October Revolution.
During the years of the Civil War and foreign military intervention and during the Great Patriotic War, the city was one of the arsenals of the Soviet Army, forging weapons of victory over the enemies of the Land of the Soviets.
Nizhny Novgorod - Gorky is the birthplace of many outstanding revolutionaries, figures of Russian and Soviet science and culture. The great writer A. M. Gorky, whose name the city bears since 1932, was born and worked here. Ya. M. Sverdlov was born in Nizhny Novgorod and began his revolutionary activities. Natives of the city are the brilliant inventor I. P. Kulibin, the great mathematician N. I. Lobachevsky, the outstanding critic and revolutionary democrat N. A. Dobrolyubov, the composer M. A. Balakirev, the writers P. I. Melnikov-Pechersky, V. I. Kostylev and many others.
In the city of Gorky, many ancient monuments of the 16th-18th centuries have been preserved. During the years of Soviet power, the city changed, grew, and became younger. Nine-tenths of its territory are huge residential areas, dozens of enterprises - all this arose during the Soviet period on the site of wastelands, former suburban villages and hamlets. If, according to the 1926 census, 184.9 thousand people lived in Nizhny Novgorod, Kanavin and Sormovo, then according to the 1959 census, the population of Gorky was 942 thousand people.
On May 2, 1930, on the site of wastelands and swamps near the village of Monastyrki, a giant of the domestic automobile industry was founded - an automobile plant. Nowadays, a large residential area with dozens of landscaped streets spreads widely around it.
The number of residents of the district is almost twice the population of pre-revolutionary Nizhny. The same changes occurred in the Sormovo district, where the villages surrounding the Sormovo plant dissolved and are disappearing from the face of the earth in multi-story buildings. Large residential areas have been created and are being created in other areas of the city.
Gorky industry provides the country with a wide variety of products. Compared to 1913, the output of large-scale industry increased 191 times. The leading sectors of Gorky industry are automobile manufacturing, machine tool manufacturing, river shipbuilding, and mechanical engineering. In addition, the city has a number of large light and food industry enterprises.
In our country and far beyond its borders, comfortable passenger cars “Chaika” and “Volga”, trucks GAZ-51, GAZ-bZ, GAZ-62 and others, produced at the Gorky Automobile Plant, are widely known. On many waterways of the country, ships manufactured at the oldest enterprise in the city, the Krasnoye Sormovo plant, ply. The flagships of the Volga fleet, the diesel-electric ships Lenin and Sovetsky Soyuz, were manufactured in Sormovo, and the production of high-speed multi-passenger hydrofoil ships was launched. Milling machines, mill equipment, and many other products manufactured by the Gorky industry are well known in our country and abroad. According to the seven-year plan, a significant technical re-equipment of the Gorky industry is planned and it will master the production of many new types of products.
The city of Gorky is a major transport center.
During the navigation period, dozens of ships with national economic cargo and passengers depart from the city every day along the Volga and Oka. The Gorky port is the largest river port in the Soviet Union in terms of cargo turnover. The Gorky Railway, which is currently being electrified, is one of the most significant railways in the country.
Urban transport is being further developed. The total length of the city's tram lines is about 170 kilometers, and the length of bus routes is 400 kilometers. The city has seven trolleybus routes and a large taxi fleet. Extensive work is being done to pave the streets and plant trees, street lighting is being switched to fluorescent lamps, and gasification of the housing stock is being carried out on a large scale.
The city of Gorky is a major cultural center. It has ten higher educational institutions, a number of research institutes, 21 technical schools, and more than 150 schools.
The city has an opera and drama theaters, a comedy theater, a theater for young spectators and a puppet theater, there are two large Palaces of Culture, a cinema and concert hall, a philharmonic society, 45 cinemas and clubs, about 400 libraries, 6 museums, and a television center.
The city's population is served by 54 hospitals, 54 outpatient clinics and clinics, employing over 3,500 doctors.
According to the seven-year plan, further development of the urban economy is planned. Over three and a half million square meters of living space will be built in the city, which is almost three times the size of pre-revolutionary Nizhny Novgorod. New highway and railway bridges will be built across the Oka and Volga, and city embankments will be reconstructed. Major works are planned for further improvement of the city.
Carrying out the decisions of the party and government, the workers of the city of Gorky work tirelessly for the benefit of their great Motherland and make their worthy contribution to the implementation of the great task of the extensive construction of communism in our country.

1. Monument to V.I. Lenin in Sormovo


2. Zelensky Congress


3. Sormovo. Comintern Street.


4. Revolution Square


5. Ya. M. Sverdlov Street (now the historical name has been returned - Bolshaya Pokrovskaya, now the street is pedestrian - hereinafter - my notes in italics)


6. Automobile plant. Sotsgorod.


7. New residential buildings on Arzamas highway.


8. Entry to the Kremlin.


9. The building of the regional Trade Union Council.


10. Monument to the heroes of the 1905 revolution.




11. On the children's railway named after. A. M. Gorky.


12. Opera and Ballet Theater named after. A. S. Pushkina


13. Drama Theater named after. A. M. Gorky


14. The main entrance to the new building of the university named after. N. I. Lobachevsky


15. Diesel-Electric ship "Lenin". Built at the Krasnoye Sormovo plant (burned down during the winter repairs of 1986-1987, the hull was cut into metal in the backwater Memory of the Paris Commune in the mid-90s)


16. Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve


17. In one of the museum halls


18. Monument to A. M. Gorky


19. Household Museum of A. M. Gorky’s Childhood. ("Kashirin's House").


20. City Council building


21. car plant. On the Volga car assembly line


22. Car "Seagull"


23. Palace of Culture named after. V. I. Lenina


24. On the children's river shipping company


25. In the concert hall of the Conservatory. M. I. Glinka.


26. Polytechnic Institute named after. A. A. Zhdanova


27. Institute of Water Transport Engineers (now the Volga State Academy of Water Transport)


28. Agricultural Institute


29. In the Kremlin.


30. Monument to V.P. Chkalov


31. Automobile plant. Cinema and concert hall.


32. Monument to Ya. M. Sverdlov


33. In one of the city squares.


34. On a winter day.


35. Palace of Pioneers named after. V. P. Chkalova.


36. View of the bridge over the Oka (Kanavinsky Bridge)


37. Continuous casting of steel at the Krasnoye Sormovo plant.


38. At the berths of the passenger pier.


39. In the workshop of a garment factory


40. At the entrance to the State Bank


41. Icebreaker on the Volga (in the photo - icebreaker "Don" of project 16. Built in 1950, decommissioned, dismantled in 2008 in the backwater Memory of the Paris Commune)


42. At the river port (Project 576 motor ship "Sviyazhsk")


43. At the Torpedo stadium


44. At the Dynamo stadium skating rink


45. Gorkovskaya HPP (The hydroelectric power station itself is located in Gorodets and connects two cities - Zavolzhye and Gorodets; the photo shows the final stage of construction)


46. ​​Volzhskaya embankment.


47. Hotel "Central"

The name of the city Gorky did not last long at all in relation to the centuries-old history of the city of Nizhny Novgorod. Nizhny Novgorod was founded back in 1221, its historical center, the Kremlin, is known for never submitting to enemy attacks, and the city itself became the center of the largest fair in Russia - Nizhny Novgorod. The province, and then the region, the center of which was Nizhny Novgorod, was also called the same. In 1932, after the death of the proletarian writer, the city was renamed Gorky, but this name lasted just under 60 years and in 1990 the city regained its historical name. Along with the city, the region was also renamed at the same time.

The city that was formerly called the city of Gorky - Nizhny Novgorod.

In 1932, the city was renamed in honor of the writer Maxim Gorky (Alexey Peshkov).

The city returned its historical name in 1990.

It is notable for the fact that the Gorky Automobile Plant is located in the city.

The city itself was founded in 1221 and was named Novgorod Nizovskaya, and in 1425 under Vasily II, during the great growth of the land, it was annexed to Moscow and was called Nizhny Novgorod, on October 7, 1932 the city was renamed Gorky and was fully called Novgorod-Gorky, 22 In October 1990, its former name Nizhny Novgorod returned to it.



The city of Nizhny Novgorod from 1932 to 1990 was called the city of Gorky, in honor of the proletarian writer Maxim Peshkov (Gorky), which was founded as a city in 1221. Since 1990, it has been renamed the city of Nizhny Novgorod.

Gorky is now Nizhny Novgorod, Gorky was Gorky for quite a long time, as it was called before, unfortunately, I don’t know

This city has already changed its name several times. They named it in honor of Maxim Gorky, but later renamed it again to Nizhny Novgorod, which it is to this day. It was called Gorky for 58 years from 1932 to 1990. The name was returned during perestroika.

Gorky is now called Nizhny Novgorod. The name Gorky City bore from 1932 to 1990. Then it was returned to its original historical name.

Nizhny Novgorod is an ancient city (founded in 1221), located in the place where the Oka merges with the Volga. It is the center of the Nizhny Novgorod region.

The city of Gorky was returned to its historical name Nizhny Novgorod.

Nizhny Novgorod was founded in 1227.

The reason for renaming the city was the 40th anniversary of Maxim Gorky’s literary activity.

Although Maxim Gorky himself did not really want the city to be named after his name, no one really asked the writers at that time whether they wanted or not to have cities and streets named after them.

And only on October 22, 1990, the city returned its historical name Nizhny Novgorod.

A June 12, 2015 Nizhny Novgorod will celebrate City Day, the city turns 794 years old.



before the revolution it was called Nizhny Novgorod and now it is called the same, this is my hometown

The city, which some may know as Gorky, has now been returned to its historical name Nizhny Novgorod.

Nizhny Novgorod traces its history back to 1221, when it was built at the confluence of the Volga and Oka. In 1932, the city was renamed in honor of the famous writer Maxim Gorky and bore the name Gorky until 1990, when a few years after the collapse of the USSR there was a wave of returning historical names to cities, streets, and metro stations and it was also given its original name.

This city was called Gorky from 1932 until October 22, 1990 - 58 years, now it is called Nizhny Novgorod.

After the revolution, many cities of Russia (Vladikavkaz, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, etc.) were given new names in honor of people - heroes of the revolution and civil war, but in the 90s the old names returned to these cities - the historical names returned.



Now the city of Gorky is called Nizhny Novgorod. The fact is that initially Gorky had exactly this name - Nizhny Novgorod (the city was called that in 1221, at the time of its foundation).

At the beginning of October 1932, the city was given a different name - Gorky. This was done in honor of the anniversary of the writer Maxim Gorky (by the way, Maxim Gorky himself was against such an act).

At the end of October 1990, the city again began to have its previous name!

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