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How to hide a well on the site. Do-it-yourself decorative design of the well: types of finishes and design options. How to make jewelry functional

Dig a well in the country with your own hands - at first glance, the task is simple. In fact, this process has many subtleties, without knowing which it is simply impossible to obtain high-quality drinking water. We will describe in detail not only the process of its construction, but also ways to search for aquifers, as well as the installation of plumbing systems to supply water to the house.

Types of wells

The choice of the type of well depends on the depth of the aquifer and the type of soil:

• key: used infrequently when underground sources (keys) are close to the surface; a hole sunk 10-20 cm into the ground is covered with rubble, then a log house is prepared with a hole to drain excess water
• mine: the most common, used when aquifers occur at a depth of 5-25 m; consists of a trunk, a water intake in the lower part, which is under water, and a head (above-ground part)
• Abyssinian (tubular): unlike the well, it is less deep and has a smaller casing diameter; plus the pumps it uses are not submersible, but ground (often manual); such a structure is inexpensive, however, its service life is short; plus in winter, when groundwater goes deep into their extraction, it can be difficult

Log shaft wells according to the type of the lower (water intake) part, in turn, are divided into three more groups:

• with imperfect (incomplete) water intake: its lower part does not reach the bottom of the water reservoir, so the liquid seeps through the bottom or walls; this option is more often chosen when building a well with your own hands; the volume of water in it is quite enough for watering and meeting the needs of the family
• with a perfect water intake: it is at the very bottom of the aquifer; such structures for private houses are rarely used, because if water supplies exceed the usual expenses of the family, the water in it will quickly deteriorate and silt
• with a perfect water intake, supplemented by a sump– deepening in the underlying rock to create a water reserve

Location selection

For some reason, it seems to some inhabitants that water should be present everywhere. It is enough to make the hole deeper - and the well is ready. As a result, a wasted mine, wasted time and nerves. Moreover, the vein can pass just a couple of meters from the dug well, which remained dry.

To search for a nearby water reservoir, the dowsing method has been successfully used to this day. Once upon a time, branches of viburnum, hazel or willow served as natural biolocators. Today, even experienced drillers often replace them with pieces of copper or aluminum wire with ends bent at 90 degrees. They are inserted into hollow tubes and, holding them in their hands, pass the site meter by meter. In the place of close passage of water, the wires begin to cross in the direction of the current. To be sure, the site is surveyed in this way several times.

When looking for a place for a well in the country, you should also pay attention to the color of the greenery growing on the site. Near water, it is more juicy. Willow, meadowsweet, ivy and meadowsweet are very fond of such places - where they have chosen a place for growth, they will definitely live. Nettle, horse sorrel, cinquefoil, naked licorice, coltsfoot, horsetail also grow here. But apple and plum trees, on the contrary, take root worse and often die.

Alder, willow, birch, willow and maple will always tend to the aquifer. Solitary oaks are also a sign of the high standing of the waters. They grow exactly where they intersect.

It has long been noticed that cats like to bask in such places. Dogs, on the other hand, avoid such areas. It is also worth watching the red ants. They try to locate anthills away from water. Near it in the evening, a large number of mosquitoes and midges always hover. In the mornings there is also always more dew and fog.

After finding the alleged location of the aquifer, before digging a well in the country, exploratory drilling is carried out. For these purposes, it is allowed to use an ordinary garden drill. Since it will have to go deep by 6-10 m, its length will have to be increased. If moisture appeared after drilling the well, then the location of the water reservoir was determined correctly.

If you don't trust the old tried and tested methods, contact a nearby exploration site. In the arsenal of such organizations there are always special geophysical instruments that can accurately determine the close location of an aquifer.

When the formations are below 10-15 m, the idea of ​​digging a well should be abandoned. In this case, well drilling will be required.

How deep to dig a well?

How to make a “correct” well so that there is always water in it? Its depth depends only on natural factors. Therefore, it is very difficult to determine in advance how many rings will be needed. An approximate guideline can be given by structures located nearby, for example, by neighbors, but this data will also be inaccurate. A method that can accurately tell about the future depth, unfortunately, does not yet exist.

To calculate the required number of concrete rings and the depth of the mine, test drilling is carried out. With the help of it, the density of the soil, its composition, as well as the presence of limestone slabs near it, are determined. But it cannot give an exact result either.

The aquifers in the diagrams look like stripes running underground horizontally or at a slight slope. The catchment part of the well can be located only on its upper boundary (the top of the formation), in the center or at the very bottom (the bottom of the formation).

To obtain clean water, the mine must go to the second or even third aquifers. The first of these is perched water - water that accumulates near the surface. Its level is always unstable, plus it gets dirty easily. It is used only for irrigation. When digging a drinking well, this layer must be passed and deepened down.

Excavation continues until the veins are clearly visible, and water begins to flow into the pit in sufficient quantities. It must be left for a day, and on the second day, check its arrival. If the height of the water layer is at least 1.5 m, digging can be stopped and start swinging (cleaning) from soil suspensions.

Independent digging of wells on light sandy soils is dangerous due to the possibility of collapse and blockages. If there are several places on the site with the passage of aquifers, the place with the most dense soil should be chosen. It is desirable that it be elevated in order to avoid the runoff of rainwater into it.

In order not to risk, it is better in this case to use the services of specialists. The price of building a turnkey well in different areas may vary, so it is better to check with a particular organization.

What is a bottom filter?

Do you need a well filter? If there is a quicksand in it without a bottom filter - a layer of sand, crushed stone, gravel or pebbles that serve to purify the incoming moisture from earth suspensions - it is a necessity. Completely, of course, it will be problematic to get rid of them, but he will be able to precipitate most of the small particles of soil. Such a filter works on the principle of a conventional sieve.

But among the owners of wells (and many specialists) there is often an opinion that such cleaning is also necessary in the absence of quicksand. Allegedly, only she is able to provide perfectly clean water. Indeed, at first, a small film of special algae and bacteria is formed in the sand layer, eating microorganisms dissolved in water. But the service life of such a biological filter is short. Over time, the biofilm layer increases, the filtration rate decreases, and the well quickly silts up.

A properly equipped well should be filled only through the bottom. In practice, it is not always possible to provide only bottom inflow. Water often begins to seep through the walls. In this case, its cleaning through the bottom filter simply does not occur.

Plus, a significant layer of backfill (and it should be at least half a meter) reduces the volume of water. Its inflow is also decreasing. It becomes difficult to carry out high-quality cleaning of a silted well in the presence of a layer of sand and gravel.

In villages, large stones are sometimes laid on the bottom. But this is required only in order not to muddy the water when scooping up during seasonal shallowing. If the well is deep enough, and its level does not fall too low, this is not particularly necessary.

When a quicksand is found, in addition to the bottom filter, it will also be necessary to build a special shield made of wood or steel with holes that can contain the flow of soil mixed with liquid.

What to choose, concrete rings or a wooden frame?

Just digging a well is not enough. He needs reliable protection from collapse. For this, concrete rings or wood can be used. Brick shafts are rarely used - laying them out is too laborious a process. Plus, a metal frame is required to strengthen the brick, otherwise the walls will begin to crumble quickly. It is made from a profile, fittings or durable wood.

Concrete rings last longer. It makes sense to choose wooden log cabins if the entrance and delivery of rings to the selected site is impossible. The price of a well made of wood is unlikely to be lower than a structure made of concrete rings, and it will take more time to build. Yes, and such mines silt up faster, and they will have to be cleaned more often.

The use of concrete rings greatly simplifies and speeds up the work. They are installed on top of each other. To avoid displacement, such rings are fastened together with steel brackets. To prevent chipping along the edges, steel strips of 40-60 mm can be made.

The joints of the rings are coated with concrete mortar and additionally sealed with tarred hemp or liquid glass. On loose soils, it is better to put strong boards on the bottom of the mine so that the rings stand up straight.

Monolithic concrete wells are prepared using formwork. At a considerable depth, concrete is first poured to a shallow depth. Then they continue to dig a hole, making a tunnel under a layer of concrete and installing props for it. After passing another 2 meters, a new formwork is being prepared. In order for the walls to become stronger, a time of 7-10 days is maintained between each filling.

For wooden log cabins, you will need a log of moisture-resistant ash or oak with a diameter of 15 cm or more. Thicker logs with a thickness of 22 cm or more are cut in half. It is not recommended to take conifers - they will give drinking water a little bitterness.

The log house is assembled with locks “in the paw”, that is, several spikes are prepared at one end of the log, and grooves at the other. They do this first on the surface, marking the number of each crown, and then reassemble it already in the mine. The crowns are fastened with dowels (metal pins) vertically. The upper crowns are additionally reinforced with steel brackets.

To avoid the ingress of sewage, it is forbidden to locate a drinking well at a distance of less than 30 m from sewer and cesspools. To avoid weakening the soil under the foundations from the nearest buildings, it must be removed at least 8 m.

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Construction of a well from concrete rings in stages

Let us describe in detail the process of building a well in a turnkey cottage. This is a rather laborious task, and it can take a lot of time.

well digging

1. It is necessary to start work in March (the best time) or August-September, when groundwater drops to a minimum level. In the southern and northern regions of Russia, this period may be shifted.
2. Don't forget basic safety rules. Work should be carried out only by two people (alternately) using a safety rope.
3. Since wells are often dug by hand, their width is determined by the dimensions of the human body. The optimal diameter is 0.8-1.5 m. Although, of course, these dimensions are approximate. There is simply no point in making it wider - the amount of incoming moisture will not increase from this.
4. When using concrete rings, the width of the pit is equal to the width of the ring plus an allowance of 30-50 cm.
5. Please note that during the digging process, the pit can fill up quickly enough, so you will have to periodically pump out water.
6. To prevent the rings from accidentally shifting, it is advisable to purchase products with thorn-groove locks. Their connection with each other will be more reliable.
7. The lowest ring (water inlet) must be provided with a bottom and perforations on the walls.
8. Soil excavation is continued to a depth equal to the height of the first (perforated) ring. It is installed in such a way that it protrudes 10 cm above the ground.
9. Under the first ring, 4 recesses are prepared, in which strong wooden supports or a row of bricks are installed.
10. We continue to dig a mine under the ring, standing on supports. It must be dug out slightly under the cone so that the first ring, under the influence of its own weight, can easily sink down.
11. We remove the supports by lowering the ring below. We install a new ring on top.
12. We continue in the same order to go deep into the ground, while increasing the rings.
13. Upon reaching the aquifer, digging continues until a layer of water of 40-50 cm is formed at the bottom.
14. Further, it must be completely scooped out so that the aquifers are clearly visible. The well is covered with a thick film or tarpaulin.
15. Subsequent work is carried out after 12-14 hours.
16. To filter soil suspensions and prevent its resuspension, a layer of coarse gravel 25 cm thick can be poured to the bottom.
17. The well is again left for a day to raise water. Its layer should be 1.5 m.
18. If there is not enough water in the reservoir due to the small height of the reservoir, side holes can be made in the walls to collect it.
19. The gap formed between the log house and the ground is covered with crushed stone or gravel.

Underground gas can get into the well shaft! Although such cases are infrequent, at the slightest suspicion (hissing, gurgling, the appearance of a foreign smell), lower a bucket with a burning candle into it or throw a bundle of lit straw. To avoid a strong explosion (if there is methane in the mine), move away from it. In the presence of carbon dioxide, a candle or straw, on the contrary, will quickly go out. If the gas does not leave for a long time, in order to sort out the problem, you will need to call specialists and the Ministry of Emergencies.

Clay castle and blind area

The "clay castle" serves as a natural barrier that protects against the ingress of rainwater and domestic sewage. To create it, soil is selected around the well to a depth of 50 cm. The width of such a ditch is 30-45 cm. We put wet clay into it. To exclude the formation of voids and cracks, it must be carefully trampled. The top is compacted and smoothed with a wide board. For the convenience of walking, you can lay a series of bricks, large stones or make a blind area of ​​concrete.

In the early years, wells built on clay soil fill more slowly. They may need periodic pumping to flush the springs. In the future, the inflow increases.

Head construction

Decorative well with a brick head

Its purpose is to prevent water pollution in the ground area. After all, the external insulation of the structure is no less important. Without it, tree leaves, insects and wind-blown debris will constantly fall into the well.

The head should rise above the surface at a height of 60-90 cm. It is supplied with a lid and a device for lifting water. Even with a pumping system, you should not refuse a gate with a bucket. After all, electricity can be turned off for a while.

The best finishing materials are wood or brick. It is definitely not worth protecting the head with a metal tile. Its angles are so sharp that they can cut through your skin like a knife. It is not necessary to make its cover too tight - in order to avoid the appearance of mustiness, the well must “breathe”.

It makes no sense to insulate the head. Reliable thermal insulation should be at the level of a pair of upper rings so that the water in the well does not freeze.

The height of the log house or concrete rings should be 0.8-1 m, so that a person, when dredging the bucket, can safely get it without bending too much down.

Well buildup

The water in the dug well is still cloudy and can only be used for irrigation. It is not yet suitable for drinking. Cleaning of water, as well as the bottom and walls of the pit from loose soil, is carried out using a small submersible mud pump:

• remember the rule: the first few pumpings are carried out in small portions with a intake of no more than 3/4 of the water column; otherwise, with an intensive intake of new portions of moisture, the bottom will wash out, and there will be no sense in such cleaning
• the very first cleaning is done by hand; for this you need to go down into the well with an ordinary shovel and bucket; the pump can't cope with so much dirt yet
• the pump is hooked onto a strong cable and installed closer to the bottom, at the gravel pack to keep the silt from settling
• pumping is carried out until the water begins to flow intensively; the number of pump starts per day is at least four; and it must be done in different modes
• drain contaminated water
• from time to time the pump must be flushed by running clean water, otherwise it will quickly fail from overload
• a well dug in clay soil requires lengthy cleaning; some owners believe that cloudy liquid is inevitable in this case, but this is far from the case; its mine can and should be pumped

In a similar way, periodic cleaning of water from the well is carried out. Otherwise, it will silt up and become shallow. This is done as it gets dirty.

In the absence of a mud pump, the mixture of liquid and soil is removed from the well using an ordinary bucket with a rope tied to it. But this process is very laborious - cleaning must be done until the water becomes absolutely clean, without impurities.

When the well is located on a quicksand - soil mixed with a lot of water - it is unrealistic to clean it. In this case, special drainage systems (bottom filters) are used.

To ensure uninterrupted supply of water to the garden house, a tie-in for pipes is prepared in advance in one of the concrete rings. They should be laid 30 cm below the freezing level of the soil. Otherwise, at the end of winter, bursting pipes will have to be replaced. In each locality, this indicator is different, so it should be clarified.

For laying a water pipe in the country house from the well to the house, a trench is laid to it. When calculating its depth, the height of the sand and gravel cushion (up to 10-15 cm) is taken into account. For laying the water supply, HDPE polyethylene pipes made of low-pressure plastic are used. The optimal diameter is 32 mm. You will also need connecting fittings (tees, transitions, bends, etc.).

Since the cost of pipes is minimal, experts advise laying two lines to the well at once. In this case, when a leak occurs, you can use the second as a fallback.

For mechanical protection against soil pressure, pipes are run into corrugations or pipes of larger diameter. Between them it is better to lay a layer of insulation. When lifting pipes closer to the surface near the basement or unheated basement, they can freeze, so additional thermal insulation is required in these places.

For uninterrupted water supply from the well in the utility room, it is better to provide a storage tank. After laying the pipes, they are connected to a pump, which is lowered into the water at a distance of 30 cm from the bottom (about its choice below).

Selection of pumping equipment

As you know, all types of pumps are divided into two types:

1 Surface: in the water they have only a suction pipe; such units are able to lift it only from a depth of up to 10.3 m; it is to such a height that water can rise through the tube, pushed out by atmospheric pressure into the tube; in practice, due to friction losses and fluctuations in atmospheric pressure, this parameter decreases and equals 5-7 m; mechanisms with ejectors (water flow accelerators) can lift water from greater depths, but their efficiency is too low.

2 Submersible: the entire mechanism is completely lowered into the liquid, which makes it possible to deliver water from a great depth; since such units do not expend suction power, there is no loss of suction; their efficiency is much higher than superficial ones.

Thus, it is desirable to pump water for a summer residence from deep wells with pumping stations equipped with submersible pumps. It remains only to determine their power and performance. It is necessary to take into account not only the needs of the family, but also the flow of water in the well itself. Otherwise, it may turn out that a too powerful unit will run idle.

Please also note that the overall efficiency of the system will depend not only on the power of the unit, but also on the number of turns and narrowing of the water supply. With a small influx of water, it makes sense to purchase a low-power pump, while equipping a storage tank from which water will be supplied to the house to the taps.

Another important parameter for the pump is the pressure force, that is, the ability to transfer (move) the pumped water further through the pipes. This parameter is directly related to the working pressure. That is, for 10 m of a vertically located pipe there is a pressure of 1 atmosphere.

Water left the well. What to do?

The aquifer depletes over time, so the amount of moisture in the well decreases, and then it becomes completely shallow. But this can happen no earlier than after 10-25 years of operation. Moreover, the operating time does not depend on the depth of the mine, but on the thickness of the aquifer.

Please note that the well is always subject to seasonal shallowing.. During a long drought, its level always decreases. With the onset of the rainy season, the moisture rises again to its usual level. Sometimes it completely disappears with serious geological developments taking place in the area, or changes in seismic activity, but such cases are very rare.

In most cases, the cause of shallowing is silting. Over time, the debris that settles to the bottom turns into silt, which clogs the vein, and the inflow decreases. For uninterrupted water supply to the dacha from the well, its periodic cleaning (buildup) is required. We have described it in detail above.

If the cleaning almost did not help, but the moisture still began to flow in a little, this means that the ducts themselves silted up. They are washed with water from the tank. Moisture, seeping into the aquifer, will clean the springs well.

When sampling a part of the aquifer, the well can be dug up, that is, the water intake can be lowered a little lower. Teach that such deepening must be done wisely. Do not throw it at the first trickle of water. But lowering to too great a depth is undesirable. Otherwise, you will close possible fontanelles with concrete rings. The digging is done more often by 3-4 rings.

It is not worth deepening wells with quicksand - it is unlikely that it will be possible to achieve an increase in inflow in this case.

Even the owners of country houses with water supply from the central water supply strive to preserve the traditional well in their backyard. After all, the classic sample of water intake is associated with a pleasant coolness on a hot day and recalls the taste of cold, crystal clear water, as in childhood. It is not difficult to equip such a source of drinking water. If you understand a simple technology and plan how to ennoble a well at minimal cost, then you can reanimate a silted old water intake and turn it into a highlight of landscape design.

How to equip an old well so that water can be safely used? The first is to check the quality of the water. A chemical test in the laboratory will give an accurate characterization of the quality. The presence of contaminants that are easy to get rid of on your own can be determined visually. Turbid greenish liquid is the result of pollution of the walls and bottom, silting, reproduction of bacteria and algae. The water smells unpleasant - a sharp “swampy” smell is clearly noticeable.

A minimum of material, a maximum of imagination and a bright color accent - a simple and beautiful design.

To ennoble such a well and adapt it for both technical and domestic use, it is necessary to perform 3 important procedures:

1. Carry out a complete cleaning of the internal structure.
2. Take care of the arrangement of the bottom after cleaning the well.
3. Sheathe the well and close the outer part from the sun and precipitation.

Sometimes the degree of pollution is such that only specialists can cope with cleaning.

Household well cleaning and disinfection

The source must be completely dry. All water will have to be pumped out. You can automate the process: lower the hose connected to the drainage or fecal external pump. Do not use pumping equipment for clean water - silt and debris will rise from the bottom.

After pumping out the water, start cleaning

When all the liquid is pumped out, you can inspect and assess the condition of the mine. Check the presence of cracks in the concrete walls, the condition of the seams. The next step is cleaning the bottom. Usually, a mass of silt and dirt accumulates at the bottom, which will have to be dug out and lifted manually.

The device of reinforced concrete wells allows you to restore the tightness of the walls. The preparatory stage is the cleaning of concrete from deposits and plaque. The work is complex and monotonous. With a metal scraper, thoroughly clean the surface to cleanliness.

Completely clean rings seal

All seams, cracks, junctions of concrete and fastening brackets are sealed with a sealing compound. It is advisable to use ready-made mixtures of cement and waterproof components: polymer additives, fiberglass. The only requirement for the composition used is water resistance.

Bottom filter: how to properly arrange a natural cleaning system

It is worth learning how to competently equip the bottom of the well, forming a natural natural filter. A simple system will prevent silting, and natural ingredients will purify water from mechanical impurities.

Bottom filter formation scheme

The device of the bottom of the drinking well begins with the assembly of a shield suitable for the diameter. Production material - aspen boards. Cross boards are nailed to the base. The shield is laid on the compacted sand at the bottom. For stabilization, several large river stones are left on the base.

Ready-made bottom shields are on sale

Bulk materials are used in layers. The following are used as filter components:

• River pebbles of various sizes.
• Rubble.
• Shungite, zeolite.
• Quartz sand.

The sufficient thickness of each layer is up to 20 cm. Masters form a filter from 2-4 layers of bulk materials. A layer of sand is laid first.

Ring well: advantages and techniques for arranging concrete walls

The best building material for the source is reinforced concrete rings. They are produced in different sizes, which allows both to equip a new well from rings, and to repair a productive old source by installing rings of a smaller diameter in the shaft.

Ready-made rings for the device of the well

It is worth choosing special products for wells: the material is highly resistant to moisture. The edges are produced with locks in the form of grooves - the rings are easily installed and hermetically connected.

How to quickly equip a good well from concrete rings? If there are assistants, then all work can be completed in 1 - 2 days. The use of technology will speed up the process: a mobile drilling rig will drill a mine in a couple of hours, and it is better to use a crane or, in extreme cases, a winch to install heavy rings.

Manual source device process:

Finishing insulation of joints between rings

Protection of the well from groundwater and precipitation: clay castle and blind area

In the question of how to properly equip and protect the well from the rings from pollution, there is another important point: it is necessary to make a drainage system that will divert ground and surface water from the mine.

Medium-sized gravel is poured into the free space between the concrete walls and the soil. A gravel pad around the shaft will create a shock-absorbing layer, protect the walls from seepage of dirty water into the shaft.

A similar function is performed by a lock made of rammed clay around the upper part - rainwater will flow away from the source without getting inside. The concrete ring is dug in, wrapped with insulation or plastic wrap. Lay a layer of ordinary construction sand. Next, the clay is compacted around the well so as to form an elevation 20–25 cm high with a slope from the center.

A clay castle made in accordance with all the rules will protect the wall from damage, and the mine from dirty water

The design of reinforced concrete wells is completed with the construction of a blind area. An economical option: sandy paths are poured over the surface of the clay castle. But during rain, it is problematic to approach the source without a stone or wooden blind area. You can make a track from any materials: wood, stone, concrete tiles.

How to make a unique well: inexpensive outer skin design

What materials to choose and how to sheathe a well depends only on the amount of free time, the size of the budget and the stylistic features of a particular site. A universal concrete spring made of rings can become a laconic backdrop for ornamental plants, or it can turn into a fabulous log cabin.

Ivy-covered well under an old roof: inexpensive and elegant

The main structural types of design:

• Round well with a decorative cover.
• A house with a wheel and a lifting mechanism, a roof.
• Gazebo around the source.

Do-it-yourself concrete wall finishing: minimum costs

The cheapest solution to the question of how to equip the upper part of the well with your own hands is the lining of the concrete outer ring. From the materials you will need:

• Masonry mortar.
• Facing material: stone, river pebbles, mosaic (remains of ceramic tiles), decorative artificial stone.
• Wooden boards and roofing waste for the roof.
• Sheet of metal, short boards of small thickness, if it is planned to manufacture a flat cover.

Here is a vivid photo example of how you can make a roof and equip a well with your own hands from the remnants of building materials.

The cladding mortar can be replaced with conventional frost-resistant tile adhesive. Stir the mixture manually or with an electric nozzle on a drill. The selected material is glued around the entire circumference of the ring. From above, you can form an extension: you get a shelf around the entire circumference for decorative elements, flowers.

The roof is assembled and installed ready-made. From the boards form a frame. Sheathed with plywood or crate - depends on the type of roofing. Under soft materials (euroroofing material, soft bituminous tiles) it is necessary to arrange a solid rigid base. Natural materials are used as a decorative coating: wooden tiles, straw, moss.

Lined with old brick and moss-covered stylish source

If the bases for the roof are made of wood, then the bars are attached from the inside of the ring or from the outside. They also form supports made of stone, masonry, concrete - in this case, the decorative cladding is performed after the completion of the masonry.

Solid and tasteful: a stone well under a roof made of artificially aged wooden tiles

An interesting solution: you can equip a well without a single gram of solution. How? Use gabion or a budget alternative to factory mesh. A mesh frame is formed around the ground structure. The cavity between the frame and the wall is filled with a decorative stone. Advantage: decor can be changed. The net holding the stones can be used as a support for climbing plants.

Modest and very unusual design: one style for a water source and a barbecue

How to make a decorative wooden house for a well

On a site with a wooden country house, a well decorated in the style of a classic log house harmoniously looks.

Fairy hut in the same style and colors as a country house

In the process of making a wooden house for a source, you can also save money: instead of expensive round logs perfectly matched to the size, you can take old boards and make a retro well with a stylish accent on a darkened tree.

Advantages of a wooden well house:

• Ease of manufacture.
• Unlimited choice of sizes, shapes.

To make a house, it is necessary to fix the supports in the ground at the corners of the site - concrete or just dig in. From improvised means perform strapping. Install the roof. Wooden parts are coated with protective impregnations. You can add color with acrylic paints for outdoor use, varnish the wood, saturate it with oil. Similarly, a gazebo is built around the well, leaving enough space inside the structure for benches. The well turns into a table with a decorative removable cover.

Hexagonal gazebo around the source under the eastern roof

If there is no time or inspiration to create a house with your own hands, you can buy a finished structure or order work from a craftsman. There are samples on the market with automatic lifting mechanisms for the roof, wooden houses, metal frame structures. The main thing is to be sure to equip protection for the well from the sun and rain.

For those who like to relax outside the city and have their own dacha, information regarding the independent creation and design of a decorative well will be useful.

A few decades ago, such structures could be found in almost every yard, and today they are becoming a stylish decor element in the design of a summer cottage, provided they are harmoniously integrated into the existing landscape.

Before you start creating a decorative well, you need to decide on its purpose, choose the best place, prepare a plan and buy all the necessary accessories.

Functions of a well structure

The construction and design of decorative wells in a summer cottage does not imply the creation of a water source for the owners, although previously such objects served mainly a practical purpose.

Today, decorative wells play mainly an aesthetic role, they are an integral element of landscape decor. But among summer residents there are many who believe that the well should be used not only for decorative, but also for practical purposes.

Such an object can be endowed with useful functions:

• the upper part of the well can mask communications;
• ensure that barrels filled with rainwater are protected from contamination;
• thanks to this element, you can hide the source of drinking water from sight.

Wells decorated with carvings look very impressive. Antique-style objects that can advantageously transform the most unremarkable site are very popular. With the right approach, a well can easily be turned into a stylish component of landscape design.

The main purpose of a decorative well is to perform an aesthetic function. How to improve the well in the country? With the proper design of such a structure and its surrounding elements (a small artificial reservoir, a cart, a rock garden, flower vases, a low wooden fence or a fence, garden paths), you can create an exclusive design. Your garden will be the subject of admiration for everyone who comes to visit you at the cottage.

Mini-wells look very impressive, decorated with colorful flowers. Ornamental plants are the easiest way to decorate such an object.

Types of structures

Companies selling construction products offer to buy ready-made decorative wells, but such designs are usually expensive, and they do not look very original.

A landscape designer can give professional advice on how to choose these objects wisely and how to decorate them in harmony with the appearance of the garden area, but this task can be handled on your own, and this is not only about choosing a well, but also about building.

Decorative wells differ in design features - there are several different options. We list the most popular:

• towers with a gable roof;
• crane wells that do not have a visor;
• a column located above the ground (objects with such a design are called Abyssinian).

Under decorative wells most often means structures resembling houses.

The decor of the well in the summer cottage should be in harmony with the style direction in which the plot is designed, and the architectural style of the country house.

Lighting will help to give a decorative well a luxurious look. Such an object will look especially advantageous at night. An illuminated well is a great opportunity to create additional lighting that makes it easier to navigate and move around the site.

The presence of a decorative well in the country makes it possible to turn an ordinary plot into a magnificent estate. Such an object fits perfectly into the country style direction - just build a well in the backyard that looks like a teremok with unusual carved details.

Against the backdrop of a rural landscape, such a structure looks very organic.

For areas with an oriental-style landscape, a small well with a tiled roof with corners bent up will be an excellent solution.

In modern design (modern, minimalist style), wells are appropriate, the designs of which are in harmony with other objects available on the territory (household, utility block, bathhouse - all buildings must be created from identical materials using a single technique).

The subtleties of the choice of materials

For the construction of decorative wells, various building materials are used. The material of manufacture largely determines the appearance of the well construction.

The easiest way is to create a wooden well in the country house that performs a decorative purpose. Wood is an affordable material, its advantages include durability and environmental safety.

Important! A well made of wood can organically fit into any landscape, make it a harmonious component of the design composition.

For the construction of wells, both boards and logs, timber and even branches are used.

Wells with flowerpots installed from the inside look very unusual. Such wells can be used as an original alternative to conventional flower beds. After all, you won’t surprise anyone with simple flower beds, so every summer resident tries to come up with something special.

Stone structures are more suitable for individual homestead territories. The basis for such buildings can be a concrete ring, which is an integral element of a real water source. Coloring the ring in a motley color will allow you to get a presentable design.

The base can be finished with artificial stone, pebbles or brickwork. Such decor will remind you of the Middle Ages, because several centuries ago stone wells were the main sources of water in the castle grounds.

A decorative well can be a highlight in the design of your site: take the time and effort to build such an object.

Metal sheets can be used to decorate individual components of the well, for example, the roof. To create a roof, any material is suitable: the roof can be wooden, thatched or tiled.

Important! Please note that roofing materials must be resistant to the aggressive effects of natural factors.

In some cases, old accessories, tools (watering can, shovel, rake, etc.) and other unnecessary things can be used to decorate a village well or well. The base for such a structure can be made from several car tires stacked on top of each other or a large barrel, and for a decorative hatch, take a colored plastic circle, use a decorative stone on a well hatch, or cut a manhole cover from plywood.

A roof and small details (chain, handle, bucket) are attached to the original base. Don't forget to decorate your well.

A well from an old barrel will perfectly hide a functioning well with water from prying eyes, organically fit into the rural landscape, but the building, complemented by a fountain, looks especially beautiful.

The design of the well in the country and its decoration depend on your imagination: some are limited to decorative elements made of wood, others use ornamental plants, and still others decorate the object with stencil drawings and decorate it in bright colors. A great idea is to place garden figurines and miniature sculptures next to the well.

A decorative well can become a key element in the design of a backyard area.

After watching this video, you will get a lot of ideas, thanks to which you can build an original decorative well in your country house or on the territory of a private house with your own hands:

Building instructions

To build a wooden well, you will need the following tools and fixtures:

• hacksaw for cutting boards;
• edged board and timber;
• jigsaw;
• hammer and nails (you can self-tapping screws).

Decide whether your well will be mobile or stationary. For the first option, you will need plywood sheets or drywall to construct the bottom, and for the second, pipes with cement mortar to build the base.

On a note! If you want to turn your site into a kind of estate owned by aristocrats, complement the landscape decor with a well decorated with carvings. Such a building always looks luxurious and cute.

Before starting construction, we advise you to make a sketch of the future well, reflecting your wishes regarding the design and design features. The configuration of the base and roof can be varied: square, rounded, trapezoidal. This parameter affects the construction of the foundation and frame base of the well.

A wonderful solution would be to build a decorative well next to an artificial reservoir, if there is one on the site.

The assembly of a permanently installed well made of wood is carried out according to the following scheme.

With the right approach, building a decorative well will not take much time. Step-by-step instructions will allow you to equip a beautiful and original well structure on your site in a short time.

At the final stage, the well is supplemented with traditional paraphernalia: a bucket on a chain, a log gate, a handle. The listed parts do not have a functional load and are not used for their intended purpose: they perform an exclusively decorative function - they decorate the well.

Read about how and what kind you can build: wood, metal, corrugated board - design and decoration options with examples in the photo.

You can see photos of forged benches and benches for decorating a summer cottage or garden area.

To make the well structure look attractive and organically fit into the country decor, you need to take care of its decoration and decorate it. In a well, for example, you can make a flower bed by planting loach plants or flowers creeping along the ground in it, attach a wheel to the side so that the structure looks in an old fashion. Thanks to this decoration, the well will become an organic component of a presentable landscape design.

Video

Watch another video that talks about the features of wells for the garden:

Ideas for decorating decorative wells: photo gallery

View a selection of pictures and photos with options for arranging beautiful decorative wells and ways to use original structures in landscape design - from rustic, small imitation models to solid buildings made of stone, wood, and other materials:

In the summer cottage, in addition to the main water supply, there should also be an autonomous one. A simple option is to install a well. However, such a building can also be turned into a decoration of the site - this requires a full-fledged finish of the well.

material requirements

Since the well is located on the street, the finishing material must have the following properties:

• frost resistance - varieties of wood and stone must withstand temperature changes;
• wear resistance - the material must be resistant to mechanical damage;
• moisture resistance.

Types of finishing the well in the country

Brick, wood, stone, plaster and painting are used as decor. As a budget option, the well is framed with flowers. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the type of construction - closed or open. Any well must have a concrete or stone foundation. Each type of finish has its own nuances.

Brick

It is used for laying around the walls of the well. The advantage is that any type of brick can be taken for facing, silicate white or red is common. Ceramic brick cladding will last a long time, but its main drawback is its high cost.

To increase the service life, the brick must be treated with moisture-resistant compounds in order to avoid the destruction of the material, and the masonry itself must be additionally cemented and plastered.

The simplest masonry is rectangular; a well with round or polygonal masonry will also look aesthetically pleasing. In this case, the coupling of subsequent rows should be carried out with a slight offset relative to the previous ones.

Tree

This type of cladding is not inferior in strength to brick and has the following advantages:

• strength;
• ease of processing;
• aesthetics.

In addition, the walls can be made carved - the design will look more interesting.

Before work, the wood must be treated with antiseptic and moisture-resistant compounds to prevent damage to the material by rot and harmful insects. It is recommended to install canopies over the mines - they will protect the water from debris and precipitation and give completeness to the structure.

Finishes are:

• rounded log;
• profiled timber;
• edged board;
• croaker.

Logs are considered the most expensive (but also the highest quality) material, but after good processing, both the timber and the board will last as long as the log finish. The choice of this or that lumber will depend on the design of the well - for example, a simple rectangular structure can be sheathed with a board, and to build a full-fledged house in the Russian style, you need a log.

In some cases, cladding or clapboard or siding may be suitable; for such a sheathing, a frame is installed on which the finishing material will be attached.

Stone

Finishing stone is far from a budget option, and this applies to both natural and artificial material, but it's worth it: the view of the well will be impressive. With a house with a stone cladding, it is also desirable to overlay the well with stone. A simple option is large pebbles, sandstone, even rubble stone or imitation, cobblestones of different sizes and shades.

Flowers

Flowers decorate the building, hiding flaws. So, the budget option is to plant perennial plants weaving around the walls, which will hide the concrete walls. At the foot of the well, as a frame, you can arrange flowerpots with annual primroses.

Some summer residents install additional architectural elements: slides, a roof over the mine, ledges on the walls of the well. At the top, thin ropes are fixed near the roof, along which plants are woven, stands are placed around the well - in the summer, the structure will be buried in flowers.

By pouring soil, sand or pebbles in unequal layers, you can build an alpine slide. However, do not forget about access to water.

Plastering and painting

These works are final: if the well is lined with brick or stone, the seams between the individual elements must be cemented, but if the well walls are sheathed with wood, it is recommended to varnish the finish.

If the well is decorated with flowers, then the concrete rings are plastered and painted in the desired color.

Plastering also has its own nuances:

1. Cement mortar begins to be applied from the top row.
2. To level the surface, beacons are installed on the entire row. After applying the solution, the beacons are moved to the lower lanes.
3. After plastering, they start painting using special coloring mixtures for concrete.

When painting wooden surfaces, adhere to the following recommendations:

1. Before applying the paint, the wood is impregnated with an antiseptic.
2. Then a primer is applied to the wood to set the paint to the surface.
3. After the primer dries, the walls are painted in the chosen color or varnished if it is necessary to preserve the natural color of the wooden cladding - for example, for log cabins.

What material is better to choose

The appearance of the finished structure should be in harmony with the overall design of the architecture on the site. So, with a country house made of bricks, there should be a well with a brick finish, and with a wooden one - with sheathing from clapboard, edged boards or timber. You can even build a semblance of a log house - the main thing is that the architecture of the finished well resonates with the house.

With brick houses with a stone foundation, the well is lined with cobblestones or artificial stone and can be additionally decorated with flower vases.

In addition to the classic cladding techniques (brick, stone, wood, painting), you can create a whole design structure using various styles:

• chalet;
• rustic;
• Oriental.

Chalet style

This design involves the use of stone. An inexpensive option is an artificial stone with an imitation of the same look as the finishing stone for the house. To complete the landscape, you can lay out a path from the house to the well.

Country style

This is the most common design, consisting of a shaft, a brace and a canopy. It has the shape of a log cabin, can be laid out in the form of a rectangle or a five-, six- and octagon, with and without corners.

When lining a concrete well with wood, it is recommended to leave a gap between the finish and the rings, which is subsequently covered with crushed stone, fine pebbles or expanded clay and serves as an additional insulation.

Additional decorative elements are suitable for this design:

• carved cornice and posts under the roof;
• shingle roofing;
• a tub with a metal hoop instead of a simple bucket.

Also, instead of the usual lifting mechanism, you can install a cart wheel.

Oriental style

The "Eastern" well will be an excellent end to landscape design for a summer cottage, decorated in the same style.

An obligatory element of the structure is a pagoda made of a soft roof, in which the ends of the corners are raised up. In addition, the well must be equipped with a wooden bucket. And carvings - in most cases it is the head of a dragon - are not only a decoration of the roof, but also drive away evil spirits, according to the teachings of Feng Shui.

Do-it-yourself closed house for a well

An ordinary well can only have a canopy fixed on pillars, but a mine with a full-fledged house will not just be a decoration of the site. It will help keep the water cool in summer and keep it from freezing in winter.

The house can be purchased already assembled, or you can build it yourself - there are many ideas for finishing.

How to make a fully enclosed frame

In most cases, wood is used, but there are also budget options - for example, creating a frame from metal profiles with plastic sheathing.

For work you will need:

• galvanized metal profile;
• material for sheathing (lining or vinyl siding) and roofing (in this case it is corrugated board);
• fasteners (bolts, screws);
• screwdriver, building level;
• hacksaw for metal;
• metal marker.

The build steps are:

1. The soil around the well ring should be leveled, fine crushed stone is poured on it to a layer height of 40-50 mm, carefully compacted and well spilled with water - this will be the foundation of the house.
2. From the guide profile, 2 frames of the same size are made - the “floor” and the “ceiling” of the house. The frames are connected by support posts at the corners from the same profile; to reinforce the structure, you can add stiffeners by fixing them diagonally. The finished structure should resemble a cube, the sides of which are fastened with additional racks from the profile.
3. On the “ceiling” frame, the sidewalls of the guide profiles are cut and set at an angle to each other so that a triangle is obtained, the “back” is not touched. The resulting pediment triangles are connected by another profile, which will serve as the roof ridge. The height of the ridge is 200-300 mm more than human height, so that it is convenient to get water.
4. On one of the roof slopes, you need to leave a hole for access to water. Therefore, a frame under the door is additionally attached to the rafter system. The door itself can be made in the form of a hatch cover.

After installing the finished frame on the well, you need to sheathe it with siding or PVC panels with imitation of stone, brick or lining. And close the roof with a door with corrugated board with a plywood sheet backing. The door is hinged, a handle is screwed to it. Fasteners must be treated with an anti-corrosion compound.

Making a well ring with a stone with your own hands

Above the well, you can only put a canopy - it will protect the water from debris, branches and leaves. However, in addition to the head, it is necessary to somehow decorate the mine itself. The simplest option is facing with stone, pebbles of the middle fraction and even cobblestones. For pebbles, it is enough to knead the cement mortar; to maintain the cobblestones, additional reinforcement will be required using a mesh fixed around the walls of the well. Before use, the finishing material is soaked in water.

To prepare the solution, you will need store-bought tile adhesive and a dry mix, after which you can proceed with the cladding:

1. The surface is cleaned of dust.
2. The solution is applied to a small area with a thin layer and a finishing material is laid out on it, after which the seams are quickly overwritten until the solution is completely dry.
3. After grouting, the solution is applied to the next area, and the whole procedure is repeated.

Work must be carried out with gloves. If a large cobblestone is used for decoration, then the concrete rings are reinforced from the outside - they are wrapped with a metal mesh, on which the solution is applied in a dense layer.

For cobblestones, a cement-sand mortar should be used, which includes:

• a bag of cement brand M500;
• medium-grained sand;
• tile adhesive.

The solution is mixed in proportions 1:3:1/3 (cement, sand, glue) and applied to the surface of the ring. The technology for laying cobblestones is the same as for pebbles. But before applying the solution, the concrete surface must also be moistened for better adhesion to the cladding.

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Well finishing: from idea to implementation

A beautiful well on the site is always pleasing to the eye. Today it has become fashionable to decorate a well with a tree with your own hands, stone decoration, as well as the construction of heads in different styles. I will talk about the simplest and most affordable ways to equip your own source of drinking water.

Ways to finish wells

Well device

Almost any modern well consists of three main elements:

• Top ring. Here, as a rule, there is a reinforced concrete product with a diameter (D) of 1000 mm and a height (H) of 890 mm, wall thickness (B) of 80 mm. We assume that we have just such a ring;

• head. These are two beams located opposite each other along the ring diameter line. They hold a canopy and a mechanism for lifting buckets of water. Most often, everything above the ring is called the head. And it can be not just a canopy, but also a house;

• lifting mechanism. To make it more convenient to extract water from the bottom of the well, the head is equipped with a bucket lifting mechanism. In most cases, this is an ordinary gate, by rotating which you wind the chain and raise the bucket suspended from it.

A lid is installed on the upper ring to close the shaft. Otherwise, garbage, small animals and even curious children will fall into the water.

Modern wells are often equipped with pumps. This not only increases the comfort of use, but allows the lid to be opened much less frequently, increasing the hygiene of the building.

An asphalt pavement is made around the well ring. It is enough that its width is 100 - 120 cm. The thickness of the concrete is taken on the order of 10 - 15 cm using a road reinforcing mesh.

For convenience, a bench is dug near the well. On it you can put buckets or other containers in which you will draw water. Here it is important to correctly guess the height in order to pour it as conveniently as possible.

Over each of the listed parts decorative finishing can be done. As a result, the most nondescript well will turn into a pleasant place not only for water intake, but also for relaxation.

Ring finish

The appearance of the concrete ring is not attractive. This part just needs to be changed. For this, the following methods are most often used:

• Plaster. Suitable as cement plaster for painting or whitewashing, as well as a decorative mixture. This is a quick and easy way to finish;

• A natural stone. Often the well ring is lined with large pebbles or sandstone. It looks spectacular, but requires certain skills, for a beginner it is not the best option;

• Tile or artificial stone. A much easier way than in the case of pebbles or sandstone. However, if you have never dealt with tiles, it will also be difficult to beautifully overlay a cylindrical surface;

• Tree. Many build a structure in the form of a log cabin around a concrete ring. This greatly decorates the appearance of the well, the tree is well suited for decoration.

It is advisable to immediately decide on the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bfinishing the well. Here you need to take into account the level of your skill, since novice masters should not take on complex methods. I think it's best for a beginner to start with plaster.

headroom

Finishing wells in the country or in the private sector is not limited to working on the upper ring. No less important is the head - the part that is above.

Of course, I understand that not every professional can do this with their own hands. These photos are for example, inspiration. We will consider much simpler and more practical ways to finish the head.

You can go two ways:

1. Make an open head in the form of a gable canopy on two beams, which will be dug in and additionally screwed to the ring with anchors;

1. Make a structure in the form of a house over a well with a closing door. The house can be sheathed with wood or, if in the country, with plastic. This is more practical, as the tree deteriorates faster.

Making a "house" is much easier. It does not look as impressive, but it is more practical, since access to the well cover is limited. The price of the material will also be lower.

To make the head last longer, it is better to build a frame for a house from a steel square pipe coated with anti-corrosion paint. The gate can be made from a log or a round pipe of the same diameter, closed on the sides with plugs. In the plugs, holes are made in the center, into which the axis of the gate with a handle is threaded.

It should be borne in mind that wells are characterized by high humidity and constant contact with water. Therefore, all parts should be treated with anti-corrosion coatings and impregnations as responsibly as possible.

Stages of well finishing

To bring the above to a more harmonious system, consider the simplest way to arrange a water source. All stages are tested in practice repeatedly, so you will be satisfied with the result.

1. We carry out measurements of the ring: outer diameter, wall thickness, height above ground level. According to the obtained dimensions, we assemble a frame of four boards, which we put on the ring. We drill holes in the boards, through them we pass the ring itself and fix the frame on the ring with an anchor and nuts;

1. The frame set to the level is sewn up with a board. In the middle we leave a hole for the passage of the bucket, which is best equipped with a valve or doors;

1. According to the drawing, we assemble the frame for the house. It is better that it be steel or aluminum.

1. We fix the frame to the site, insert the gate.

1. We sheathe our frame with corrugated board, plastic or wood. Profiled sheet is the best solution.

1. Making rings. The solution is applied with a spatula. If the ring is old and beaten - on a fiberglass mesh, which is pre-attached with dowels.

1. When the plaster is completely dry, prime it. After the primer dries, apply 2 coats of acrylic paint for outdoor use.

1. At the end we make a blind area. To do this, we dig out the earth within a radius of 120 cm around the ring to a depth of 10 - 15 cm, cover it with polyethylene, put a metal mesh and concrete.

Before starting work, it is advisable to pump out water from the well and clean its bottom. For this, a person is lowered on a climbing rope in a special rubber suit, dirt is removed with buckets, and then the climber is lifted up.

Conclusion

The interior of any site consists of trifles, and a well is far from a trifle. Now you know how to improve your well and how to do it efficiently. Watch the video in this article and don't forget to improve your drinking water source.