Campsis planting and care in the fall. Kampsis: landing and leaving in the middle lane (in the Moscow region), photo. Use in landscape design
Beautiful creepers can be a wonderful decoration for the garden. But many flower growers are sure that such plants are already very thermophilic, and it is simply unrealistic to grow them in the conditions of the middle zone. But in fact, some crops, with due effort, may well grow in a cool climate. So, many gardeners manage to acquire luxurious campsises on their plots. Let's clarify what a campsis flower is in a little more detail, how it is planted, and what kind of care this plant needs in the middle lane (in the Moscow region), we will also give a photo of such a garden pet.
Kampsis is also known as bignonia, it belongs to the Bignoniev family and is essentially a falling liana. Such a plant grows very quickly, and its stem becomes lignified as it grows. This culture belongs to flower stalks, it gathers around itself a lot of bees and other insects.
The most common types of Kampsis include the rooting Kampsis and the large-flowered Kampsis.
It is believed that rooting kampsis is more frost-resistant. It reaches a height of up to fifteen meters, fiery red flowers appear on it, the diameter of which reaches nine centimeters. The flowers are collected in inflorescences, sometimes they are combined in fifteen flowers. On such a plant, aerial roots are formed, clinging to the support.
In the photo, rooting kampsis
As for the large-flowered kampsis, it has slightly smaller leaves, it does not have aerial roots, and the plant is attached to the supports with shoots, and larger flowers also appear on such a culture. However, the large-flowered kampis is considered less frost-resistant, so it must be especially carefully covered from frost.
Pictured kampsis grandiflora
Features of growing kampsis in the middle lane
Such plants are actually quite frost-resistant. In general, they are able to tolerate temperature drops to minus twenty degrees, but only for a short time. Therefore, Kampsis need good shelter for the winter.
Landing kampsis
It is necessary to plant such plants in areas sheltered from strong winds and drafts. Do not grow them near windows to prevent the invasion of insects into the house. Readers of "Popular about Health", who live in central Russia, should plant kampsis on the southern or southeastern side of the plot. The best time for landing is the second half of May, not earlier.
Planting vines must be carried out in the holes, which should be prepared in the fall. Their optimal size is fifty centimeters - both in depth and in breadth. As for the composition of the soil, it does not play a fundamental role for the kampsis. It is only necessary to ensure the presence of the required amount of minerals. To do this, you need to take the top ball of soil dug out of the hole and combine it with five kilograms of compost. Also, half a kilogram of mineral top dressing must be added to this mixture. After the resulting mixture must be laid out on the bottom of the hole and lowered over the seedling. Then you need to gradually sprinkle the hole with earth.
Some gardeners believe that in order to get large flowers, you need to take a cutting from a vine that blooms more than others.
Features of caring for campsis
Despite its exoticism, such a garden plant is not very capricious. It needs periodic watering, loosening the soil and eliminating weeds. Another important role is played by proper pruning, as well as top dressing.
Campsis does not like very dry land, although it can tolerate drought. But at the same time, excess moisture can harm it. Therefore, it is necessary to moisten the earth only in the absence of natural precipitation and do it evenly. Wet soil near the vines should be loosened and weeds removed.
Periodically, you need to feed the Kampsis with nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers. This will help the plant to grow actively and bloom magnificently.
Pruning kampsis
In order to form an attractive vine, it is necessary to prune. Shortly after planting, you need to cut the branches fifteen centimeters from the ground. After the growth of the shoots, you need to carefully examine them and leave only four or five of the strongest. They must be directed along the support and, if necessary, tied to it. The plant can be considered formed when the length of the skeletal branches reaches four meters, and this may take about a couple of years. Lateral shoots are shortened annually, cutting branches to the second eye. It is also necessary to eliminate weak shoots.
To rejuvenate a flower, cut off all its branches, leaving only thirty centimeters from the ground. However, it is necessary to carry out such manipulation in the spring, even before the awakening of the kidneys.
How to hide kampsis from frost?
Residents of the middle lane need to pay special attention to sheltering campsis from frost. For the winter, you need to remove the vines from the support, cover them very well with spruce branches or sawdust. Next, you need to cover the plants with oilcloth, and then again with spruce branches.
In the Moscow region, kampsis may well grow if you protect them from frost. Such attractive creepers can become a real decoration of the garden.
Campsis is a perennial vine with decorative feathery foliage and showy tubular flowers. In the Crimea and the Kuban, planting and caring for Kampsis in the open field are not particularly difficult. In central Russia, it is not easy to tame such exotics - even if it survives, it will not bloom magnificently. But enthusiastic gardeners do not lose hope, pushing the culture to the north. Success directly depends on competent agricultural technology.
Botanical characteristic
Campsis is a large climbing perennial of the Bignoniaceae family. Its stems are liana-shaped (up to several meters long), woody, branched. The foliage is dense, during the winter dormancy it flies around. The leaves are pinnate (like mountain ash), up to 20 cm long; each consists of several leaflets (from 7 to 11 pieces) about 6 cm in size.
As a rule, seedlings bloom at the age of 7 years, and seedlings from cuttings - in the second or fifth year. In favorable conditions, flowering of adult specimens lasts several months - from June or July to October.
Campsis is a large climbing perennial
The flowers are shaped like miniature gramophones: the length of the tubular part is 7–9 cm, the diameter of the funnel-shaped corolla is 3–9 cm. The color of the petals is bright: red, crimson, pink, orange or yellow. There is no aroma or it is weak, but the abundance of sweet nectar attracts many insects. The fruits are pods with flat winged seeds.
Varieties and types
The plant can be found under different names: kampsis, bignonia, tekoma, tekomaria. There are also folk names, all of which are associated with the shape of the flowers: "trumpet flower", "trumpeter", "pipes", "dutiks".
The following varieties of bignonia are common in culture:
Kampsis rooting, he is tecomaria or tekom - a plant native to the subtropical zone of North America. A characteristic feature of this natural species is the presence of special aerial sucker roots on the stems, which are located every 20 cm. They are very tightly attached to supports (even to glass or metal), and grow tightly into porous materials (brick, wood) on the ground take root quickly. The length of tubular flowers reaches 9 cm, the diameter of the corolla is up to 5 cm.
It is this climbing liana that is popular in the Crimea. The length of the shoots can reach 15 meters. Lignified stems withstand frosts down to 20°C (even up to 30°C for a short time), the roots put up with a slight freezing of the soil.
Kampsis rooting
- "Prekoks" ("early") - blooms a month earlier than others; petals are large, raspberry-red.
- "Atropurpurea" ("purple") - with large raspberry corollas.
- "Flava" ("golden") - with yellow petals.
- "Speciosa" ("magnificent") - bush type, with thin shoots, oval leaves and red-orange flowers 3 cm in diameter.
Campsis grandiflora(grandiflora) native to China and Japan. The stems do not carry aerial roots and wrap around the supports with the tops of the shoots. Plants not too tall, bushy. The flower diameter is 8–9.5 cm, the standard color is fiery orange. This kampsis endures short periods of cooling down to 18°C.
Popular variety "tunberga" with short tubular flowers.
Campsis hybrid combines the frost resistance of a rooting species with rather large flowers (length 7 cm, diameter about 5 cm). It looks like a small liana or bush with long spreading branches.
In the Madame Galen variety, the diameter of the orange corolla reaches 7 cm.
Campsis hybrid
Tekoma stans(upright) "golden bell" - heat-loving shrub with bright yellow flowers. The aerial part dies already at -10°C. The plant is suitable for room, greenhouse and container culture; grows up to 2-4 meters; blooms already in the first or second year after sowing.
Campsis is not poisonous; Indians and Chinese use it for medicinal purposes.
Planting and caring for vines
Successful examples of growing flowering tekoma (practically without shelter) were noted in Voronezh, Tambov, and Kyiv. But the farther to the north - the more difficult. As a rule, plants freeze to the roots every winter, and in summer they grow a little, but do not bloom. In the harsh off-season, the roots also freeze. This is what happens in the Moscow region, in the Leningrad region, in the Urals and in Siberia. But the northern gardeners did not give up and developed their own system for growing Kampsis in the open field. Their recommendations:
- first, the plant must be planted in a large pot (with loose soil and drainage holes) and dug in the garden for the summer, and lowered into the cellar in winter; so do the first year or two;
- then in the spring the kampsis bush is planted directly in open ground, constructing a flexible mesh support for it, which can be lowered to the ground for the winter;
- in the fall, after a slight freezing of the soil, the branches with a support are pressed to the ground (on a pillow made of spruce branches) and covered with spruce branches or dry foliage, and on top with a film; under excessive and too dense shelters, plants can rot;
- in the spring, the protective film is removed early, preventing overheating.
Young campsis for landing
The main task is to save at least a small part of the mature (lignified) stem from freezing: flower-bearing shoots will grow from it. In harsh continental climates, the frost-free period is too short; campsis does not have enough heat for the ripening of branches and the formation of buds. If the plant even blooms, then only at the end of summer and not too plentifully.
Keeping Kampsis in a container for many years (with wintering in the cellar) is not an option, since powerful roots require space.
Location
For bignonia, a sunny place is selected, protected from the winds. In hot climates, you can place the vine in partial shade. The roots should not be flooded, fall under the stream of water from the roof during rain.
In southern regions with rooting thecoma, serious problems may arise due to its following features:
- Sucker roots can, over time, destroy brick walls and wooden window frames, raise slate roofs, deform fences and other supports. Underground roots of adult bushes sometimes break the concrete foundation.
- Root growth actively crawls out not only around the bush, but also at a distance of several meters, flooding everything around; can “crawl” under barriers buried 2 meters into the ground. It is incredibly difficult to get rid of it: neither chemical herbicides (Roundup, etc.) nor regular weeding practically help. Ripened pods crack in autumn and populate the area with flying seeds.
- Flower nectar of bright colors attracts countless hordes of different insects, flying (wasps, bees, bumblebees) and crawling (ants, earwigs). Wasps build nests in the tekoma thickets.
- At the time of abundant flowering, a mass of wilted flowers fly around every day, littering the territory.
Soil Requirements
Plants tolerate any soil, as long as there is no stagnant water. It is desirable that the soil be neutral or slightly acidic, sufficiently moisture-intensive. The addition of mature compost (1-4 buckets per m²) helps to improve the structure of sandstones and loams.
Soil for planting
Planting Basics
Kampsis needs to be planted and transplanted when the plant is at rest - better in the spring (before the growing season), but in the south it is also possible in the fall (at the time of leaf fall). The pit is dug and filled with nutrient soil in advance; dimensions - half a meter in length, width and depth. Drainage (sand, gravel) should be placed at the bottom. Soil mixed with fertilizers is placed in the lower part of the planting pit (a bucket of compost, a liter of wood ash, 500 g of a phosphorus-potassium mineral mixture), clean loose earth is poured on top.
A seedling with an open root system is placed on a mound, spreading the roots down. The lower pair of kidneys is buried in the ground. The soil around the plant is slightly compacted, watered with a bucket of water, and after it has been absorbed, it is mulched. Bushes with a closed root system can be planted in the summer, shaded for several days with covering material.
Required watering
Such a powerful flower as kampsis consumes a lot of water, but it is able to extract it from the deep layers of the soil. In dry and hot weather, the plant is watered in the evening. It is impossible to allow the complete drying of the root zone (especially in spring), but excessive watering is even more dangerous. In the northern regions, excessive moisture in August and September is not welcome: it worsens the lignification of the shoots.
Fertilization
Campsis can not be fertilized at all. It is useful to feed young plants in the spring with a liquid complex fertilizer (organic or mineral). In regions with poor maturation of the stems, late summer top dressing with phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is recommended (store - according to the instructions, wood ash - from 1 to 4 glasses per bush, depending on the age of the plant). Effective seasonal spraying with immunostimulants ("Epin", "Zircon", "NV-1", humates, etc.) and microfertilizers with iron.
Seasonal immunostimulants
Trimming Rules
For better branching, the tops of young plants are pinched at a height of 15 cm from the ground. About five main shoots are kept in the bush, evenly directing them to the support. These are future skeletal branches - the basis of the bush. In adult plants, dry wood is removed with a secateurs or lopper (“on the ring”), and the side shoots on the skeletal branches are shortened, leaving 3 buds on them.
In the uncovered zone, kampsis can be formed by a tree, with a crown on a stem. For this, only one stem is left (the most powerful and strong), the rest are cut out. The lower side branches are removed to the required height. The artificial crown is maintained regularly - with pinches and trimmings. Plants respond well to shearing; they can be given any shape.
Flower brushes are formed at the tips of growing branches, so they are not cut in the summer. But completely faded shoots can be partially removed, leaving 3 buds on them.
Old specimens of Kampsis are rejuvenated by shortening all branches to 30 cm.
Preparing for the winter
In those areas where temperatures drop below -20 ° C, young flexible plants are bent down in autumn and covered with spruce branches, dry foliage, agrofibre, and on top with a film. Large lignified vines, attached to the support, can no longer be bent, but the trunk circle can be insulated with spruce branches.
reproduction
For beginners, it is easier to propagate kampsis by root shoots, layering or dividing the bush. Experienced gardeners get new plants from cuttings; practice and seed method of reproduction.
Root growth
Many varieties of tekoma produce abundant shoots. It is dug up with a part of the root in autumn or spring, when the plants are at rest, and transplanted to another place.
cuttings
Kampsis is well propagated by lignified and green cuttings. Successful survival is indicated by the appearance of lateral shoots.
Lignified cuttings are harvested in February-March, before the buds awaken: last year's shoots are cut off 25 cm long. This method is quite simple, since you can simply root such kampsis cuttings in a container of water and then plant them in the ground.
The middle part of young shoots is cut into green cuttings in June-July, leaving only a couple of upper leaves, truncated in half, on them. The lower part is sprinkled with Kornevin. The branches are immediately planted in the cuttings - a shady area with loose, moist soil covered with a layer of sand up to 5 cm thick. From above, the cuttings are covered with a film or cut plastic bottles (to create a "greenhouse effect"). For the winter, the cuttings are insulated with spruce branches or dry foliage, and the plant is transplanted after wintering.
layering
It is easy to propagate kampsis by layering, since for this you just need to bend and pin the lower shoots to the ground, lightly pile them up with earth and water them regularly. Roots will grow in a few months. The procedure is recommended to be carried out in the first half of the growing season, then next spring the layers can be cut off from the mother plant, dug up and transplanted.
seeds
From seedlings of most species of Kampsis, you have to wait several years for flowering. Usually germination is from 20 to 50%.
Kampsis seeds
Sometimes seeds germinate without prior stratification. But it is better to sow them in open ground before winter (for natural stratification), and with home early spring sowing, withstand 60 days at a positive temperature of 5–10 ° C. Stratified seeds are buried in the soil by 1–1.5 cm. At temperatures from 20 to 30 ° C, shoots of Kampsis appear in 20–30 days. They are planted in open ground when at least 3 pairs of leaves grow, with the onset of frost-free weather, shading from the sun.
Possible pests and diseases
Excessive dampness causes root rot, causing shoots to wilt. The disease is easier to prevent by planting Kampsis in loose soil and avoiding waterlogging. At the initial stage, root rot is treated with biological products such as Fitolavin and Trichoderma veride.
Tekomu is rarely attacked by pests, except that aphids or spider mites can settle. Bioinsecticides - "Fitoverm", "Iskra Bio", "Akarin" successfully cope with them.
Landscaping Ideas
Kampsis creepers can be planted on the ground, but are best used for vertical gardening. Tekoma attaches itself to the support, but sometimes it needs to be tied up a bit and guided first. Powerful bushes need strong supports. It can be the walls of a farm building or gazebos, a stable fence, a pole, a dry tree, a strong mesh. Along a pergola 10 m long, 5–7 bushes are placed.
Vertical landscaping of columns
Among the lawn, frames with kampsis look spectacular - for example, pyramidal or spherical. Kampsis easily submits to a haircut and takes any given shape - from a compact tree on a trunk to a lush bush.
Landing Kampsis should not be spontaneous, but strictly thought out. In the shelter zone, it is a demanding and capricious exotic. In the south, the plant will be spectacular and unpretentious, but one must take into account its high attractiveness to insects and the aggressiveness that increases over the years. There are not so many flowering vines in our area, and kampsis is a worthy decoration of your favorite garden.
Campsis is another wonderful vine that has feathery leaves and is able to decorate a porch, hedge or house wall with its bright tubular flowers throughout the summer. And will kampsis grow successfully in the middle lane? What conditions does he need to create so that he surprises with his exotic flowers?
What does kampsis look like?
This is a large perennial vine that becomes woody over time, included in the bignoniaceae family. Shoots can be fixed on a vertical support with the help of aerial roots and reach a length of 5-10 meters. The leaflets are compound, pinnate, consisting of seven, nine or eleven small leaflets, the edges of which are serrate. Kampsis flowers are quite large (average diameter 5 centimeters and length 9 centimeters), tubular, resembling miniature gramophones, they do not exude a smell. They form small inflorescences at the ends of the shoots - panicles. In some varieties, the color is orange-red, in others it can be salmon, raspberry, yellow, pink, reddish-gold. The first flowers open in June, and the flowering period ends in the first month of autumn. Although the flowers have no smell, these large tubules attract the attention of wasps, worker bees, ants, and flies. Bignonia fruits are hard, leathery elongated pods. Their size is from 8 to 10 centimeters. Many membranous winged seeds ripen inside. When the pod splits into two halves, they fly apart. The roots of this plant spread in different directions.
The people call Kampsis differently: tekoma, tekomaria, bignonia, trumpet flower.
Let's tell you that tekomaria, tecoma and campsis are not exactly the same thing, they are still representatives of different genera, although they belong to the same family.
"Kamptein" from Greek can be translated as "to bend", "twist". And this name is associated with a twisting bizarre trunk of these vines or with twisting stamens.
Two species are distinguished by botanists in this genus:
There are several beautiful forms of this species:
- Magnificent (grows like a bush, has thin shoots and flowers of red-orange color),
- Early (large flowers painted in bright red are formed on it before anyone else),
- Golden (the color of its flowers is yellow),
- Dark purple (has bright red flowers with a purple tint).
Let's name a few attractive varieties of this type of bignonia:
- "Flamenco" - from July until the arrival of frost, the liana is decorated with purple-red flowers,
- "Judy" - reddish-golden flowers form on this vine,
- "Flava" - rich yellow flowers open on the bush from July to September.
Thanks to the two species described, breeders were able to create a hybrid campsis. It usually grows as a magnificent shrub with a spreading crown. Curly vines are less common. Its flowers are comparable to those of the large-flowered Campsis. But another positive quality - frost resistance, he inherited from his second "parent" - rooting kampsis. The well-known variety "Madame Galen" - apricot flowers are formed on the shrub liana.
Features of landing kampsis
The planting of this plant in open ground in the Moscow region or other areas of the middle zone is carried out after May 15. It is better to choose a place for a creeper on the south or southeast side of the land, protected from drafts and gusts of wind. Do not place campsis near the windows of the house, because many insects flock to its flowers. The liana does not put forward special requirements for the ground; it feels fine even on limestone soil. The main thing is that the soil has a sufficient amount of trace elements and minerals. Usually, for a cutting, it is enough to dig a hole of the following dimensions: 40x50x50 centimeters. Mix the soil that was taken out of the pit with the mineral complex (in the amount of 500 grams) and compost (it needs 5 kilograms). Place part of this mixture immediately in the hole, then spread your pet's roots on the mound, and then completely fill the remaining space with nutrient soil mixture. As a result, the seedling in the new place should be at the same depth that it was used to before. Lightly press the soil around the seedling, and then water it. Wait for the earth to dry out a little, and mulch with peat or soil from the compost pit. Do not forget that Kampsis shoots definitely need support, otherwise they will grow as ground covers.
Further recommendations for the care of campsis
The main elements that make up the care of this vine:
- watering,
- periodic loosening, combined with the removal of weeds appearing in the ground,
- top dressing,
- obligatory pruning,
- prevention of pests and diseases,
- preparation for wintering.
In watering the Kampsis, the golden mean is important, this plant can neither be flooded nor overdry the soil around it. Try to do loosening and weeding when the soil is wet, then you will spend less time and effort.
The secret of abundant flowering is the introduction of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers into the soil.
Periodic pruning helps to form a beautiful neat vine. As soon as a seedling or a small bush is planted, cut off all its shoots, leaving 15 centimeters from the ground. In the future, it is recommended to leave only the 5 strongest shoots in the plant. Direct these growing shoots along the vertical support. If necessary, they can be tied up. In three years, the plant reaches a height of four meters. Lateral shoots every year shorten up to three eyes. Cut out weak, diseased, unsightly shoots completely. If for some reason the skeletal branch is damaged, then remove it, and then try to send a replacement shoot in its place.
An aging vine can be rejuvenated in the following way. Cut off all branches of the bush at a level of 30 centimeters from the ground.
It is advisable to carry out the pruning procedure before the awakening of the buds on the shoots, that is, in early spring.
If desired, in the summer with the help of pruners and special designs, you can create bizarre figures or green hedges.
Kampsis, which are grown from seeds, show the first flowers only in the 4-6th year of their life. If you managed to buy a Kampsis cutting and plant it, then it will bloom in the third year of life. Campsis may not produce flowers for the following reasons:
It should be noted that if the campsis lives in favorable conditions for it, then it rarely suffers from diseases, pests do not touch it. If these plants are watered excessively, then their roots begin to rot, which negatively affects their condition and appearance. If the summer is hot, dry, then colonies of aphids can settle on the kampsis, sucking out their juices. In this case, you can prepare such a solution for spraying, stir 10 grams of grated tar soap in ten liters of water. Or you can use "chemistry", for example, "Aktara".
Kampsis breeding options
Gardeners resort to two methods:
- with the help of seeds (generative way of reproduction),
- with the help of root shoots, cuttings (green or lignified over time), as well as layering (all these are vegetative propagation paths).
Seeds do not require special storage conditions, they can lie quietly all winter at room conditions, they do not need to be stratified or somehow processed. In the spring (in March) they just need to be sown in boxes with a moist, pre-loosened substrate, the reaction of which is neutral. Embedment depth is approximately 5 mm. The boxes should be left in a room where the temperature is within 25 degrees, then in a month (or a little earlier) the long-awaited shoots will hatch. Such seedlings can be transplanted to a permanent place in the garden when they grow three pairs of true leaves.
If it is possible to take green young cuttings from an adult kampsis, then they should be pruned in June or July. For each cutting, leave the top three leaves, just shorten them by two-thirds. Make a loose bed for them in partial shade. In fertile soil, place the cuttings at a slight slope (about 45 degrees). In the future, these plantings need soil moisture and mulching. Experience shows that on average 90% of such cuttings take root.
Lignified cuttings are cut from lignified shoots in spring. They are also placed in the ground at an angle. Their survival rate is much higher.
If the liana has a so-called root growth nearby, then it is possible to dig out developed basal processes and move it to another place along with the ground. The time for such a procedure is the beginning of spring or the days after leaf fall.
And now we will introduce the method of reproduction by layering. If you notice in the spring shoots that grow close to the ground, then bend them to the ground. Secure with wire staples. Keep the soil constantly moist throughout the summer. A year later, at the beginning of spring, rooted cuttings can be planted from the vine.
How does campsis winter?Kampsis belongs to the genus of woody vines in the Bignoniaceae family. This culture has been known since ancient times. The height is from 5 to 10 meters. Deciduous perennial creepers can reach up to 11 meters in length. They climb up with the help of aerial roots along other trees, bushes and poles. But, if there is no support nearby, then the shoots are stretched along the surface of the soil.
The color of young branches is green, with brown veins. As soon as they begin to become covered with bark, they acquire a brown color. The leaves are opposite, located over the entire area of the shoots. Their edges are jagged, the surface is smooth matte. Funnel-shaped flowers form lush inflorescences. Their color palette is diverse: from bright red and purple to yellow, orange. The flowering period lasts from July to September, attracts many insects. Abundance determines the peculiarity of the species. In autumn, each bud is replaced by a long seed box, with flat planting material.
Use in landscape design
Gardeners use a bright, especially decorative kampsis on their site for various purposes: as a decoration of the landscape, in order to divide the territory into the required number of zones, as a means of masking traces of communications and other unsightly structures.
An exotic garden planting makes the landscape look like a fairytale forest. It is planted at the entrance to the house, yard or gazebo. Luxurious greenery with juicy clusters of flowers twines everything around. As a support for it, various small architectural structures are created. Unpretentious, resistant to cold climate, shrubby pet forms tolerate shearing and shaping. Of these, create separate flower beds or full-fledged linear design objects.
Combination with other cultures
Most often, designers combine this exquisite representative of the flora with other vigorous vines. Can be used:
- wisteria;
- mountain;
- five akebia.
The role of a foot plant is perfectly performed by:
- forest sage;
- many varieties of geraniums;
- shrubby;
- cypress santarina.
But the main role of kampis is a single landing.
Plant propagation
seeds
Kampsis seeds
This method of breeding culture does not provide for the transfer of maternal varietal qualities. Flowering occurs later than seedlings propagated vegetatively. But this method differs in simplicity. Planting material does not need to be previously subjected to stratification or any other preparatory processes. You can store it at room temperature.
Sowing takes place in the spring. The soil must be loose, permeable and have a neutral reaction. The depth of the landing hole is 0.5-1 cm. For good germination, 25 degrees of heat is required. The first copies will sprout in 4 weeks. The appearance of 3 leaves is a signal for transplanting to a permanent place.
cuttings
Harvesting begins in the summer (June, July). The top 2 leaves should remain on the green handle. They are shortened by two thirds. The best place to land will be a shaded area. Lowlands are categorically not suitable. It is better to pick up the territory at an angle. The soil is preferably loose and fertile. The planting process is completed with abundant watering and mulching. Use wood bark, sawdust. The percentage of rooting cuttings is very high - about 95%.
Root growth
An adult, healthy exotic gives abundant planting material. It is extracted from the soil with a fragment of the root system and immediately transferred to the selected area. The method is suitable only for campsis, which is at rest.
Landing and care
Site selection and soil preparation
Favorable side for landing will be the south. The plant prefers sunny places, but tolerates partial shade well.. For full development, not only illumination is required, but also a high temperature - from 25 degrees. It is not necessary to have a garden planting close to the buildings. A strong root system can damage the foundation.
The unpretentious kampsis can adapt to any soil. But the maximum decorative effect reaches on fertile, permeable. When planting, a drainage layer of fragments of brick, stone, small pebbles and sand is required. Waterlogging is unacceptable for perennials.
Support must be present. You can build a special structure of the desired shape, but lattices, poles, fences, etc. will perfectly cope with this role. Many gardeners plant a beauty next to other trees, but the latter can suffer greatly from a weaving beauty. To support young seedlings, a mobile support made of wire or synthetic raw materials is used. During preparation for wintering, they are easily removed and stacked together with a weaving representative of the flora. In this case, the root system remains intact.
Watering and fertilizing
The culture is classified as drought-resistant species. But the lack of moisture negatively affects the splendor and duration of flowering. For the full growth and development of the pet, compliance with the optimal irrigation regime is required. Rare, but fairly plentiful watering is carried out in the early morning or late evening.
Settled rainwater at room temperature is used.
Vigorous perennial useful substances are required in moderation. Too much fertilizer can lead to overgrowth. For the appearance of larger inflorescences it is enough to occasionally feed exotics with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers.
Pests and diseases
Aphids - the main pest of the Campsis creeper
There is a high degree of resistance to most diseases and insects. Unpleasant consequences can result in improper care: excessive watering causes root rot. Sweet nectar, which attracts insects, also promotes the appearance of aphids. To combat it, special chemicals are used. As a preventive measure, the perennial is treated with an ash or tar solution.
Pruning and winterizing
An important requirement is to slow down the growth of shoots. For the correct formation of creepers during cuttings, almost all shoots are broken off. Only two remain, but the strongest. They later become a hardened base. If it is planted in a spacious area where it is possible to carry out regular pruning of the roots, then the garden planting can grow in the form of a shrub.
The southern pet, growing in central Russia, is in great need of thorough winter preparation. The process has a certain similarity with the preservation of the vine. As soon as all the leaves have fallen, it must be removed from the support and spread out on the surface of the soil. To facilitate removal, the prop is made from ropes and other flexible materials. To create sufficient thermal insulation, the plant is sprinkled with large sawdust and covered with spruce branches. Each layer is laid with a film of polyethylene.
In the winter season, rodents pose a significant threat. It is worth taking care of protection from them during conservation. If everything is done correctly, then the pet perfectly tolerates low temperatures, up to 20 degrees below zero. In cold climates, in order to protect it as much as possible, gardeners grow it for the first 3 years in large containers. For the winter they are brought into a warm room.
Varietal diversity
To date, 2 types of exotic garden plantings have been bred:
- rooting growing in Africa;
- large-flowered, originally from China.
To say that campsis is beautiful is to say nothing. And no photo can convey the beauty of this plant with bright red-orange flowers that adorn it all summer. Those who just want to plant campsis in their garden in the open field should know more about all the intricacies of plant care. This will be discussed in the article on campsis. Here you will find a detailed description of the secrets of care - from planting to wintering.
Campsis is also called "Tubeflower" or "Tekoma". This is a tree-like perennial deciduous liana, which, along a high trellis, can rise to a height of 15 m.
Kampsis can "disguise" any fence or even a building in a summer cottage The shoots of the plant have the peculiarity of spiraling around the support. Having become older and stiff, they resemble the trunks of bizarre fairy-tale trees. Young shoots have juicy green leaves and paniculate inflorescences collected from large bright orange or scarlet tubular flowers resembling gramophones. The plant blooms all summer: from June to September.
Two types of plants are known:
- rooting kampsis - native to North America;
Kampsis rooting - kampsis grandiflora - grows in natural conditions in China.
Campsis grandiflora Landing kampsis
In order for the campsis to reveal itself in all its glory, it needs a lot of heat and light, so it is advisable to choose well-lit places for planting.
Tekoma can grow on any soil, but for beautiful and abundant flowering, it needs fertile and loose soil with a slightly acidic or neutral reaction, since poor and dry soil will not give the plant the necessary strength for full development. Therefore, if the land on the site is not nutritious, then in the fall it is necessary to prepare the site for spring planting.
To do this, you need to dig a hole with a diameter of about 50 cm and a depth of 55-60 cm, add half a bucket of humus and 0.5 liters of complex mineral fertilizer to the extracted soil, mix everything. For drainage, it is advisable to pour fine gravel, expanded clay or sand at the bottom of the pit, pour soil on top and leave until spring.
If you want to plant several plants, then plant them so that they do not interfere with each other. In early April, when the threat of frost has passed, seedlings with hatched buds can already be planted in open ground. To do this, the seedling must be lowered into the hole, gently spread the roots, covered with earth and lightly tamped. Then water and mulch with peat in a circle.
If the soil is quite suitable, then the campsis is planted in the spring directly in open ground. To do this, you need to dig a hole 2 times larger than the root system of a young plant. Then deepen it into the hole, sprinkle it well with earth, tamp and water generously.
Important! In advance, you need to provide a support along which the vine will twist.
Liana care
Kampsis care consists of watering, fertilizing, pruning and ensuring a safe wintering.
Watering. Although campsis is a drought-resistant plant, it should be watered regularly, especially during hot, dry days, but not particularly zealously and often, so as not to overmoisten the roots.
Feeding Kampsis is not necessary if the soil is fertile enough. Top dressing. The plant does not need to be fed, but if the soil is not fertile enough, then the applied nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers will ensure abundant flowering throughout the season.
pruning- a necessary part of plant care: you can not neglect it. After all, the vine grows very quickly both up and in breadth - you need to regulate its growth. In addition, Kampsis flowers develop on new branches: in order to achieve lush flowering, old branches must be removed in order to develop new and strong shoots.
Pruning is carried out from year to year, in the fall, after the end of the growing season, or in the spring, before the buds swell. It is done like this:
- in a young plant, two or three strong, well-formed shoots should be selected, the rest should be cut with secateurs;
- during the growing season, the growing branches should be tied to a trellis or support, directing them in the right direction;
- such actions should be repeated 3-4 years in a row until the plant stem grows to the desired size.
To make the vine look good, you must definitely shape it. In this case, it is recommended to leave only stiff branches of the skeleton and 3-4 young shoots, which must be shortened to three buds. When the formed plant occupies the entire area allocated for it, every year it is necessary to remove excess branches in order to grow young shoots on which flowers will develop.
If any of the main trunks is damaged, it must be cut off and one of the strong branches chosen instead.
In order for the plant to have an elegant appearance during flowering, faded branches also need to be cut, shortening them by 3-4 buds. Some gardeners, in order to rejuvenate the plant, make a complete pruning, leaving shoots up to 30 cm high.
Kampsis pruning Kampsis tolerates pruning well in the summer, so that, if desired, you can trim the bush and give it any shape with a pruner: make green hedges or, using special designs, create figures of any bizarre shape.
Preparing kampsis for winter
In areas where winters are mild and not too frosty, you don’t have to worry about tekom. If the temperature drops below -20 degrees, then the vine must be prepared for the winter. It is necessary to shelter from the cold the whole plant - both roots and shoots. For this, the vines are trimmed, leaving only the skeletal trunks and the main shoots. Next, the plant must be removed from the trellis, put on the ground and covered with spruce branches from spruce or hay, dry leaves or sawdust. From above, cover with plastic wrap, which, in turn, is pressed along the edges to the ground.
Campsis must be covered for the winter If the vine is fixed on an arch or other structure, you can sprinkle the roots with sand, or cover with spruce branches, leaves, etc., and wrap all the stems with several layers of lutrasil. Put a plastic film on top from wet snow. This method also gives good preservation of vines. But it is still preferable to have removable supports so that the shoots can be laid on the ground.
In the spring, re-attach the plant to its habitat. If any shoots did not tolerate frost well, they should be cut off.
Advice! If the winters are so cold that shelter does not protect the plant from frost, campsis can be planted in a home greenhouse or apartment. With careful care and proper pruning, this garden vine can become a houseplant.
reproduction
Kampsis propagates by seeds, layering or cuttings.
reproduction seeds- the method is quite simple, but not popular: after all, flowering must be expected for a very long time, for seven whole years. And why languish in anticipation for so long, if there are other, more effective methods.
Kampsis seeds A very simple way to propagate vines - layering. To do this, a shoot growing closer to the ground must be bent and pinned to the ground. It is advisable to loosen the earth in this place, dig a little and water the shoot, and cover it with plastic wrap to preserve moisture. Soon, the dormant roots that are on the shoots will “wake up” and begin to sprout. The rooting site should be watered regularly. Rooted layering will give a new plant next spring. This method can be applied during the growing season at any time.
By the way, creepers can take root not only in the ground, but also in cracks in the walls of houses, in fences, where dust or sand has entered. That is why it is recommended to use trellises for vines, and not allow them to braid the walls, rising to the roofs.
Another common and perhaps the easiest way to reproduce is with the help of root growth. To do this, in early spring, after frosts, but before the onset of the growing season, shoots with a root should be separated from an adult plant and transplanted to another place.
Also quite popular and very productive is the method cuttings. In early spring, last year's lignified shoots should be selected from the middle of the bush and cut into cuttings, each about 30 cm long. Then plant them in deep flowerpots with good soil, water and cover with foil. Leaves will appear on the 12th day. When the threat of frost has passed, the plants can be planted in open ground in a permanent place.
Pests and diseases
Campsis is very resistant to diseases and is practically not attacked by pests. The only thing that can bother him is aphids, which sometimes start up in flower buds or in leaves located on the tips of young shoots. It is quite easy to get rid of aphids by spraying the affected areas with vodka from the sprayer. You can simply give the plant a shower to wash off the aphids with a stream of water.
Aphids on a campsis flower Here are some simple, but very important rules for caring for campsis. But the time will not be wasted on caring for the plant: after all, it will turn into joy - every day all summer long to look at the wonderful bright beauty of the overseas liana.
Campsis in the garden: video
