Lemon panderose secrets of growing in the apartment. Panderose lemon and other varieties. Biological control methods
Plant "Panderose"
The Panderose indoor lemon variety is perfectly adapted for indoor cultivation throughout our country. Of course, it is difficult to call it a lemon, it is rather a representative of a genus close to lemon, imported from the USA at the beginning of the last century, for growing on plantations. However, he did not take root on plantations, but this is how indoor culture began to be grown willingly and successfully. According to many botanists, Panderose is a hybrid of lemon and grapefruit.
Under good and correct conditions, the trees of this variety of lemons, grafted or grown by rooting a cutting, come into fruition in the third year. Panderose does not require artificial pollination and annually produces 5-15 fragrant fruits, but perhaps this is not much, but judging by what size they are, this is quite enough.
The citrus fruit tree is medium-sized with a spreading crown, the shoots are short and thick. On the shoots are very dense oval leaves of large size, approximately 8x15cm. The flowering of Panderose is plentiful, the flowers are collected in clusters and there are so many of them that it is very difficult to carry out. The flowers are large, white with long petals.
Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the removal of buds even before blooming on shortened or grafted cuttings. Flowering is possible only on normal shoots that have matured into a branch with mature rounded leaves.
Panderose produces up to several dozen fruits per year, some large fruits reach 500 grams or more. The shape is obovate or pear-shaped, the flesh is light green, characterized by the presence of a large number of seeds. A fruit with a thick peel, it can be up to 1 cm, the peel is rough.
Large, heavy fruits of Panderose have to be literally supported by placing props under each or hanging so that the branches do not break off under their weight.
The plant needs a bright room and, if it is lacking, artificial lighting, with lamps installed directly above the crown. Watering is best done with snow or river water, at room temperature. Watering every day or every other day in the summer months, the soil under the Panderose lemon should always be moderately moist.
It is very important to take care of Panderose citrus plants grown in the room in winter, the main thing is to create optimal conditions for their wintering. It is important to keep the green leaves so that they do not crumble or fall, but in very small quantities.
With the onset of the heating season, the dryness of the air in the room increases, so the crown of the plant must be sprayed daily, it is necessary to protect the roots from hypothermia, so it is necessary to protect the pot from cold air from window frames and at the same time protect it from hot air from radiators.
In the spring in February March, a lemon is transshipped without disturbing its fragile roots into fresh, nutritious soil. The pot is increased with each transplant by a few centimeters. The soil is prepared from garden soil, it is half the mixture, manure humus 20%, leaf humus 20% and be sure to add 10% river sand.
A drainage layer of expanded clay and pieces of charcoal is laid at the bottom of the pot.
Panderose for successful fruiting needs regular feeding, weak solutions of mineral and organic fertilizers. Top dressings carried out every two weeks with slurry are especially effective. To do this, fresh manure is poured with water at a ratio of 1: 1, insisted, stirring for 10-12 days. Before making a citrus diluted with water ten times. Bird droppings are diluted 25 times.
Pest control on lemon trees is time consuming. The most insidious pest of Panderose lemon when grown in a room is this. He settles on the underside of the leaf and braids it with cobwebs. Leaves turn yellow and fall off when infected. The plant is also affected by scale insects, which secrete a sweet adhesive liquid.
In order not to use chemicals for pest control, you can wash each leaf and sections of branches with a solution of strong tobacco with laundry soap.
In order to keep the plants healthy, it is necessary to carefully examine the Panderose seedling when purchasing it so that it is not infected with insidious pests, because they multiply very quickly and it is very difficult to deal with them.
Main difference Panderose varietal lemon are large fruits. Rather, not even just large ones, but very large ones, sometimes lemons weighing more than a kilogram grow on it. But it is clear that for this the plant itself must gain a good resource and get stronger by itself. This can confuse a novice citrus grower, because you want to immediately get yourself a tree, with which there will not be much trouble.
If Lemon Panderose buy, then there is no doubt that this is one of the most unpretentious varieties of citrus plants that does not require serious care and adapts well to external conditions.
Origin
Lemon Panderose (ponderose) is a hybrid variety of lemon, was obtained by crossing lemon, citron and grapefruit. According to one version, it is believed that it was accidentally obtained in America in 1887, it was a hybrid of natural origin. Later, the new variety was named Panderose, and already in 1900 this lemon was put on sale.
Mature plant with fruits
Another version - the Panderose variety was obtained by the American Bowman, who was engaged in citrus breeding in his own nursery. A new variety of lemon was bred by a gardener at the end of the 19th century.
Later, the Panderose lemon became the ancestor of new varieties: Skiernevitsky, Kiev large-fruited, Yubileyny. Due to the fact that the above varieties have one "ancestor", they are very similar in appearance.
The name of this variety comes from the Latin word "ponderous", which means "heavy". In Italian, "ponderosa" is the feminine form of "ponderoso", which means "strong, powerful". And this lemon is called so because its lemons are large in size.
Description
Panderose Lemon- this is a small tree with a beautiful spreading crown, can reach a height of 1-1.5 meters. The bark of the trunk is grayish in color, it may have cracks, especially if your tree is already an adult. It has thorns on the trunk, in young lemons they are usually absent, but adult specimens always have thorns. This lemon has strong strong branches with dark green rounded leaves, they are hard and smooth to the touch. The petiole of the leaves is short with small wings. Approximately once every three years, "leaf fall" can be observed - the plant sheds old leaves to replace them with new ones.
Panderose lemon can bloom and bear fruit up to three times a year, but while the plant is young, it is better not to allow it.
The shape of the crown of a Panderose lemon can be very varied, but it mostly depends on how you shape it. with delivery in Russia is possible on our website.
Bloom
Unlike other varieties of lemon, Panderose has a very rapid flowering. She "loves" to bloom, so much so that during flowering your tree can turn into a white ball of flowers that fill the room with a wonderful aroma. And it is also worth noting that in a year this lemon can bloom twice, and sometimes even three times.
This citrus blooms very profusely and with large flowers.
Panderose stalk, as soon as putting up roots, it can begin to bloom. In this case, the flowering is to the detriment of your lemon tree, so the flowers will have to be cut off. This should be done until a normal strong young shoot develops.
The flowers are large, white with a creamy tint, the tips may be slightly pinkish. Petals are long. The flowers are collected in loose inflorescences, they all open gradually, so lemon bloom can last a long time. They are located at the ends of branches, and sometimes flowers can even appear on the trunk of a tree. But, despite the rapid and abundant flowering, Panderose lemons do not give very much. If you want to get a good harvest, some of the flowers must be removed, as flowering is very depleting of the tree.
In citrus growing, there is even such a thing as “Panderose syndrome” - this is when citrus blooms to the detriment of growth, there can be many buds and more than one leaf on the branches.
The so-called "Panderose Syndrome" - a whole bunch of fruits are tied with which the plant cannot cope
Fruiting
Panderose is able to bear fruit for 2-3 years of life. The main feature of this variety, because of which the name was given, is the fruits of very large sizes. Their average weight is 500-700 grams, especially large fruits can weigh a kilogram. Although the lemons are quite large, the harvest is small - from 4 to 6 fruits.
The fruits are sometimes so large that they definitely need props so as not to damage the branches of the plant
The fruits of Panderose are rounded, less often pear-shaped. They have a thick, bumpy skin up to a centimeter thick. The flesh of the fruit is very juicy, light greenish. It tastes sour, but interestingly, it doesn't have the sour taste usually associated with lemons. And all due to the fact that the fruits of this variety have a reduced content of citric acid (less than 10%), but there is about the same amount of vitamin C in them as in the fruits of other varieties - about 40%.
The fruit itself has a large crust and a large number of seeds.
Another feature is that there are usually a lot of seeds inside the fruits, sometimes several dozen.
Features of care
Lemon Panderose has a "compliant character" - it is unpretentious and does not require complex care. Thanks to this, he gained his popularity among amateur citrus growers.
This variety normally tolerates dry indoor air, as well as exposure to elevated temperatures.
Transfer
As the lemon grows, you need to replant. Panderose transplant has some features:
- the tree needs to be transplanted into a larger pot than the previous one;
- when choosing the material of the pot, opt for clay, in a clay pot, drainage will be best done;
- choose special soil mixtures for citrus fruits, because they have the most suitable and nutritious composition, and if it is not possible to purchase such a mixture, you can make it yourself from leafy and soddy soil, humus, sand, mixing these components in equal proportions;
- you do not need to plant a lemon too deep, and you also need to leave a place between ground level and the edge of the pot, this is necessary for watering.
Transplanting should be carried out regularly, as soon as you notice that your plant has "grown" out of its pot.
Watering
The Panderose variety does not require frequent watering. The frequency of this manipulation depends on the time of year, the temperature in the apartment and the age of the plant. During the growing season, the soil in the pot should be slightly damp, do not fill the plant with water.
In summer, you need to water less often than in winter. As soon as the top layer of soil dries up, you can water the lemon.
You also need to monitor the humidity in the room and, if necessary, adjust it with a humidifier or water containers placed in the room.
Although Panderose can tolerate dry air, she loves to spray. Therefore, several times a week you need to spray a lemon tree from a spray bottle.
top dressing
During the growing season, Panderose is fertilized with special fertilizers for citrus fruits, top dressing is carried out approximately once every 1-2 weeks. During autumn and winter, you need to feed the lemon no more than once a month, or even less often.
crown formation
Lemon pruning is done in early spring, you need to have time to do this before the tree begins to bloom. Young shoots are pinched if other branches overtake them in growth.
All manipulations are carried out with clean instruments.
Temperature regime
Panderose Lemon normally tolerates elevated temperatures, it is considered one of the most heat-loving lemons. But at the same time, this lemon loves fresh air, so it’s good to place it on the balcony or on the street, and if this is not possible, then just by the open window. Remember that it is better not to leave the plant outside for the whole day.
Light mode
When choosing a location for your lemon, you need to choose the most lit places. It is best to place the plant pot on the south side.
In the autumn-winter period, the lemon tree needs to be provided with additional lighting.
This variety is the record holder for fruit size among lemons.
For a lemon variety Panderose care can be carried out by an amateur and does not require special skills and means. This citrus plant is great for growing indoors. In turn, it will delight you with abundant flowering and large fruits.
With or without...
He who has flowers in his hands cannot do bad things.
V. Soloukhin
Today we will talk about homemade lemons of a very popular, large-fruited, rare and delicious Florida variety Panderose, a hybrid of lemon and pomelo.
In the first part of this series of articles, we will study the general characteristics and historical scientific information about the genus of citrus trees, in general.
In addition, this article is based both on my personal successful experience of growing and fruiting at home, and on the basic fundamental theory of citrusology, as well as on the personal experience of my friends and colleagues from different cities of Russia...
First, I suggest you get a little insight into the general information about citrus trees, their varietal varieties, as well as the features of growing citrus trees at home.
Citruses are a completely separate variety of fruit plants that are extremely useful for humans, which many scientists even attributed to a kind of unique science - citrusology ...
So, Citrus (lat. Citrus) is a genus of evergreen trees and shrubs of the Rutaceae family. It is included in the subtribe Citrus (Citrinae) of the tribe Citrus (Citreae) of the subfamily Orange (Aurantioideae).
The scientific name of the genus is taken from the Latin language, in which the word citrus meant "lemon tree" (quote from Wikipedia).
There are a great many varieties of citrus fruits today. These are lemons, and oranges, and grapefruits, and limes, and pomelo, and suites, and even such tropical varieties of citrons (a completely separate subspecies of citrus fruits, in which the peel is much thicker and more delicious than edible pulp), such as the so-called. “Buddha’s hand” fruit and kaffir lime (“Kaffir star”, named after the ancient Arab Kaffir nomadic peoples, from the leaves of which surprisingly tasty first courses were prepared with a rich note of oriental spices, comparable only to saffron flowers) ...
This fruit is so amazing!
And how many useful and nutritious substances are in the Lemon fruit alone!
In addition to pure natural organic acids, such as citric acid and succinic acid, which is extremely beneficial for humans, it also contains the lion's share of vitamin C, thanks to which such legendary medieval founders of Oceania, Polynesia, French Guiana, the Amazon basin in Brazil, partly Venezuela, Colombia and islands of the Caribbean - James Cook, Miklouho-Maclay, A. Humboldt, H. Columbus - were fleeing from scurvy, and other problems with immunity, with an imbalance in the body's metabolism, digestive problems and many others ...
One of the most delicious lemon varieties is Pande Rosa, the most popular variety of Florida lemon today (the progenitor of the popular subspecies of Skiernevitsky lemon, which I will talk about later), of which I am the happy owner today. :O)
Lemon variety Pande rose (lat. Panderosa) is a kind of hybrid from crossing lemon and pomelo fruit. The fruits look like real lemons, with a classic zest and a hint of honey. However, the pulp of the fruit is much less sour and more juicy than the store-bought lemons we are used to.
The fruits of the Pande Rose lemon variety are almost impossible to find on the grocery shelves of Russian stores, as they are truly huge in size and weight. The minimum weight of ripe fruits of this Florida variety of Pande Rosa lemon is 400 grams (!), And the maximum weight of fruits reaches almost 1 kilogram (!). ;O)
The fruits of this unique variety of lemons usually exceed all expectations of even the most experienced amateur citrus growers. And the point is not even that this variety is high-yielding, rather, on the contrary, there are usually not very many full-fledged fruits on such a home tree. But the mass of these fruits surely compensates for all the worries and experiences of their owners.
In addition, these fruits deteriorate very quickly during long-term transportation between countries, unlike classic lemon varieties. Therefore, they are very rarely exported to Russia from other countries.
As mentioned above, citruses belong to a completely separate section of botanical science - citrusology. That is why caring for lemons, oranges, tangerines and grapefruits requires a completely separate approach than any other house plants.
Before fruiting, it is necessary to strictly calculate the number of leaves for each fruit. Excess fruit ovaries, in excess of the calculated amount, it is advisable to immediately remove manually. The fact is that the fruits of the same lemon feed on the reserves of nutrients primarily from the leaf mass, and not from the roots, as in fruit trees familiar to Russians.
For the roots of a lemon have practically no suction hairs (unlike many other domestic exotics) and therefore are not very independent.
One fruit requires a minimum of 15-25 fully developed healthy leaves. And the point here is not even that your homemade lemon tree will not be able to bear fruit in excess of the calculated number of leaves.
It just happens very often that a lemon tree with poor leafiness could bear full-fledged fruits, and after that shed all the foliage or even died. Therefore, it is extremely important to avoid such mistakes.
My lemon tree now has about fifty good healthy leaves, so I made the decision to let it bear only two fruits out of twenty good full-fledged ovaries this year.
The roots of a lemon tree are not independent to such an extent that they even enter into symbiosis with a special microscopic root mold that helps the lemon tree to absorb moisture, micro and macro elements from the soil.
This is a scientifically proven fact. And that is why experienced experts strongly do not recommend rinsing and generally touching the roots of a lemon during transplantation, but simply making a neat transfer from a cramped pot to a slightly more spacious one.
Citrus fruit trees, unlike any other fruit plants familiar to us, are not common to such an extent that they can surprise anyone.
For example, the fruit of a lemon tree ripens for about 9 months (almost like a person). At the time, a lemon fruit that has not been removed from the mother tree can hang on its stalk for up to three years, while every spring a fully ripe and yellowed fruit can turn green again, and turn yellow again in autumn, etc. And so for two or three years in a row, until he falls off the tree. And this is also a scientific fact.
Moreover, fruit ovaries on one lemon tree can develop extremely unevenly: first, one fruit will grow and be saturated with moisture for several weeks and increase in size by two to three times, after which it will stop growing, making it possible for another fruit to grow on the same tree etc.. And this is also a scientifically reliable fact ...
In addition, at any time of the year on one lemon tree you can see both fully ripened fruits and slightly ripening ones, as well as tiny fruit ovaries, flowers fragrant with the aroma of jasmine, and barely emerging flower buds ... How often can we meet such non-standard fruit trees anywhere else in our Russian Nature? I guess not.
Let's sum up the main results of my today's first publication about citruses:
1. Lemon - Historically unique, somewhat legendary and extremely useful fruit for humans. 2. Citrusology is an absolutely amazing branch of agronomic science, and, perhaps, a kind of whole philosophy. 3. A reverent, attentive attitude to citruses provides a 100% guarantee of their successful flowering and fruiting, as in my personal example.
Your opinion and your personal experience of growing citruses at home interests me no less than official science and my personal experience ...))
Judging by their content, the following articles are relevant to this text:
Today, various hybrid varieties of lemons are very popular, which are distinguished by precocity, productivity and resistance to various diseases. In this article, we will talk about such popular varieties of lemons that are successfully grown at home, allowing you to get an early harvest.
Hybrid variety Panderose
Panderose lemon is a hybrid indoor variety that is obtained by crossing a lemon, citron and grapefruit.
The appearance of this hybrid largely depends on the growing conditions. It can be either a small compact bush or a full-fledged ornamental tree. In most cases, the height of the Panderose lemon does not exceed one and a half meters, which makes it possible to classify it as a dwarf variety. The shape of the crown and its thickening directly depends on the presence or absence of forming pruning. For improved fruiting, it is recommended to carry out frequent formative pruning, which will not only allow you to get early fruits, but also add decorativeness to such a tree.
One of the advantages of this variety is its undemanding care. The dwarf tree easily tolerates dry air and significant temperature changes. If most classic varieties of lemons begin to bear fruit in the fourth or sixth year after planting, then the Panderose lemon will allow you to get the first harvest in the second year of its cultivation.
Starting from two to three years of age, the lemon indoor tree blooms profusely and bears excellent fruit. In the first few years, it is recommended to cut off part of the flower stalks, which will not allow the lemon to weaken and accelerate its growth in the future.
Note that this variety is considered primarily decorative, however, if intensive care is provided at home, which consists in feeding and frequent watering, you can get an excellent harvest. For top dressing, we can recommend you use liquid mineral fertilizers. Such fertilizers are applied once a week during the active growing season and once a month during the dormant period.
A feature of this variety is the large size of the fruit (about 400 grams), some can weigh up to one kilogram. This forces the use of additional props, which will not allow the branches of the tree to break under the weight of ripening fruits.
Propagation of Panderose lemon varieties is carried out by cuttings. It is difficult to breed this variety through seeds, like most other indoor hybrids. With proper cuttings, there are no difficulties with breeding lemons of this variety. The tree itself is decorative and fast growing. Already in the second - third year, it will reach a height of 50-80 centimeters and will have a dense lush crown.
Lemon Lunario - home care
Lemon Lunario is a Sicilian variety that is equally suitable for outdoor cultivation in the southern regions and for planting dwarf trees at home. The Lunario lemon tree is compact in size and allows you to get a good harvest. Among the distinguishing features, we can note the compact size of the lemon tree, which rarely reaches a height of one and a half meters, excellent productivity and unpretentiousness of this variety.
Home care for the Lunario lemon is not difficult. It is only necessary to provide the tree with high-quality lighting, and in the winter season, additional lighting.
Remember that the Lunario lemon does not tolerate drafts well and, with significant temperature changes, it can even drop leaves and ripening fruits. The optimal indicator of air humidity is 65-75 percent, it is recommended to regularly spray the leaves with a spray bottle and ensure high-quality watering.
If you want to get a good harvest from your lemon tree, you need to regularly enrich the land with mineral fertilizers and organic matter. From mineral supplements, potassium salts, nitrogen and phosphorus supplements are required. Planting care at home is not difficult, so this variety can be recommended to beginner gardeners.
Novogruzinsky lemon: features of growing at home
The popular variety Novogruzinsky is one of the best for growing at home. If you are looking for a fruitful variety of lemon tree for yourself, then Novogruzinsky will be the best choice for you. When growing a lemon at home, its height is 120-150 centimeters. Such a dwarf tree has a spreading decorative crown, which is decorative. With proper care, Novogruzinsky citrus allows you to get an excellent harvest.
Lemon Novogruzinsky is distinguished by whimsical care. First of all, for planting it, you will need to use high-quality fertile soil, to which charcoal is added. The plant will need high-quality watering and regular spraying of the crown from a spray bottle.
Once a week in the summer, it is recommended to feed the lemon with mineral fertilizers with phosphorus and nitrogen. A growing tree will need annual formative pruning. In early spring, it is also recommended to transplant the tree into a new, larger pot every year. Following these rules of care, you can grow a beautiful strong tree that will bear fruit well.
The hybrid variety Yubileiny was created in Uzbekistan by grafting the Tashkent species to the Novogruzinsky variety. A distinctive feature of the Yubileiny variety is the rapid growth and large size of the fruit, the weight of which can exceed one kilogram. This variety is distinguished by its yield, shade tolerance and the ability to grow well even in low humidity.
Caring for Yubileiny lemon at home is not particularly difficult. It is necessary to water the tree 1-2 times a week, spray it with a spray bottle and regularly feed the plant with mineral compounds.
As mentioned above, the Yubileiny variety grows well even in low light conditions. However, if you want to get an excellent harvest of large-sized fruits, you will need to water the tree often and put it on a well-lit window sill. Remember also that this variety is fast growing, so you will need to transplant the lemon tree into a larger pot every year.
Citrofortunella: home care
Citrofortunella is an evergreen compact tree that belongs to the citrus family. Citrofortunella fruit is a cross between a lemon and an orange. The excellent taste of the grown crop, its fertility and ease of care have invariably affected the popularity of this variety.
Caring for Citrofortunella at home is not difficult. It is best to place the compact tree pot near an east or west window. In the summer, watering is recommended to be done twice a day, but in winter, during the dormant period, two waterings per week will be enough. Also, the tree will need to spray the foliage, which allows you to provide the necessary moisture. Top dressing is recommended to be carried out through the foliage, using special nutrient formulations for this purpose. Young Citrofortunella trees will need to be transplanted every year, but adult Citrofortunella can be transplanted every two years. More than any special care for this citrus tree is not required.
Types of citrus
Currently, there are various varieties of lemons intended for home cultivation. Such varieties differ in the size of the tree, their yield indicators, precocity and the taste of the grown crop. Note that there are both productive varieties and decorative varieties that are distinguished by lush dense foliage. It should be said that such varietal varieties, which are propagated by cuttings, bear fruit better and grow faster than lemons planted from the stone.
This variety of lemon is probably the second most popular after and is quite common among lovers of indoor citrus growing. It is believed that he is "not a real lemon", but a hybrid of lemon and pompelmus.
I was no exception to wanting to have it among my citrus plants and purchased a half-year-old seedling of Panderose lemon in 2016.
Well, what can I say about my Panderose - the plant is quite memorable. The lemon has large, oval, rounded leaves, making this hybrid related to the citron. The branches have small spines. It grows quite powerfully, releasing strong shoots, which I mercilessly shortened to the fifth leaf, and put the cropped tops on rooting. It takes root very well - in 4-6 weeks the cuttings give a powerful root, and indeed, they are quite unpretentious in their care. At the rooting stage of the cuttings, the "Panderose syndrome" is indeed observed - when the cutting releases branches with clusters of buds, not leaves.
Panderosa itself bloomed in the spring in the second year of its life. There was an abundance of buds, most of which grew into ovaries. This variety of lemon is considered not prolific, but the weight of the fruit reaches a kilogram, which fully compensates for the number of fruits.
My Panderose, after the first abundant flowering, bore two fruits. True, one broke off under its own weight, being still completely green and not ripe, but the second fruit successfully ripened and was cut for tea drinking for tasting with friends. Personally, in my opinion, the taste is rather mediocre. Not strongly sour, very thick skin, rather dry flesh, large amount of seeds. But my friends really liked it. As they say, there are many comrades for taste and color)
Lemon fruits of the Panderose variety reach a weight of up to one kilogram
Now this plant is growing five fruits, which I think is pretty good for the size and age of the plant itself.
How the Panderose lemon differs from the varieties of indoor lemons Skernevitsky, Kyiv large-fruited, Yubileiny I can’t say, because there was no personal experience of growing them. I can only compare with Irkutsk large-fruited - they are very similar in leaf shape. Irkutsk has not yet set fruit for me, since it grows very slowly, both by itself and by its rooted cuttings, which significantly differs from the Panderose lemon variety, which grows much more intensively.
Pros of this variety (in my opinion):
Compact crown, which is convenient for indoor maintenance;
picky in content;
is an excellent rootstock;
looks spectacular, impressing with the size and weight of the fruit.
Thick peel;
high availability of seeds;
there are lemons and tastier.
All of the above is purely my personal opinion and observation. There are a great many clones of homemade Panderose lemon, which differ from each other both in the shape, taste and size of the fruit, and in the shape and behavior of the plant itself. In general, I think the plant is very interesting, which can take its rightful place in the citrus collection.
