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Correct installation of a heating radiator with different connection schemes. Rules for installing heating batteries in an apartment Proper installation of a battery under a window

Choosing a radiator
What type of radiator to choose
Required number of sections
preliminary work
What tools will be needed
Let's start installation
Installation sequence
How to improve the quality of radiator operation
Outcome
Video

The process of installing heating batteries in an apartment or a private house is not very difficult for any owner. However, there are certain rules for installing batteries that must be followed in order for the heating to function properly. This will be discussed further in the material.

The choice of the consumer is offered a wide variety of heating devices, which can sometimes be quite difficult to understand. Moreover, goods from different categories are aimed at buyers with different levels of income, that is, they can differ significantly in price. However, in any of the cases, it is worth understanding the rules for installing radiators, since even a fairly cheap device may not be inferior to an expensive one in terms of efficiency if it is installed correctly.

Please note that the price factor is not fundamental in the process of choosing a heating radiator.

In this case, the following conditions should be taken into account:

1. Region of residence.
2. Type of heating wiring.
3. Proposed method of mounting the radiator.
4. Temperature regime of the heating system.
5. Heating pipe material
6. Placement of a heated room in the house.
7. The need for fittings and control elements.

After considering all these factors, you can proceed directly to the choice of heating devices. If you are not confident in your abilities, it is advisable to consult with professionals and read about the characteristics of certain devices.

What type of radiator to choose

All heating devices offered by the market can be divided into several categories:

• aluminum;
• bimetallic;
• vacuum;
• steel;
• cast iron.

Please note that when choosing a specific type of heating radiators, it is advisable to view descriptions and consumer reviews of several models from the same category. This will allow you to get an idea of ​​the functionality of a particular type of battery and choose the one that suits you best.

After you decide, ask for the opinion of experienced professionals. If your points of view are the same, you are on the right track.

Required number of sections

Before starting to mount radiators of any type, you need to calculate the number of sections. At points of sale, you can roughly orient yourself by the number of teeth, based on the size of the room. Using the calculation formula, you can determine the number of sections yourself.

So, if the height of the ceilings in the apartment does not exceed 3 m, then 1 section of the radiator should be enough to heat 2 m 2 of the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room. By dividing the total area of ​​​​the room by the indicated norm and rounding it up to a whole number up, you can get the number of sections.

However, the calculation example described above is not entirely correct, since the level of insulation and the location of the room in each case is individual. For example, in a carefully insulated apartment and in an old Khrushchev, the temperature of the air heated by the same radiators will be different. Consequently, the number of sections and the total cost of the heating system in each case is significantly different.

preliminary work

Before proceeding with the description of the rules for installing heating radiators, let us dwell in more detail on some preliminary measures:

• we prepare a set of tools that we will need in the process of work;
• we measure the area of ​​​​the room and calculate the number of radiator sections;
• consider additional mechanisms that may be needed for repairs in the future;
• we study the installation scheme of heating batteries (one-sided, diagonal or other options), and also study the basic rules, in particular, at what height to install heating radiators, what gaps and indents to observe, and so on;
• we prepare ourselves mentally for the fact that the process of dismantling and replacing batteries will take a lot of time and effort.

What tools will be needed

To correctly install heating radiators, you will need the following set of tools:

• a set of open-end wrenches or an adjustable wrench;
• pliers;
• impact drill and drills with pobedite tips;
• screwdriver;
• hydraulic level;
• pencil and tape measure.

Please note that cleaning the mating surfaces cannot be done with sandpaper or files, as this will reduce the tightness of the joint.

Let's start installation

Whatever type the heating radiators belong to, the installation rules for them will be the same. All of the following requirements are regulated by SNiP.

So, in order to ensure proper air circulation and increase the efficiency of the radiator, the following rules must be observed:

• provided that the batteries are located under the window, the gap between the device and the window sill should be within 5-10 cm;
• from the floor to the heater, a gap of at least 10 cm must be provided;
• the distance from the battery to the wall should be at least 2 cm, but not more than 5 cm (for more details: “What distance from the wall to the radiator should be - the rules for attaching heating radiators”). In cases where a layer of thermal insulation with a reflective surface is placed on the walls, brackets of a slightly longer length than usual can be purchased to locate heating radiators under the window.

Installation sequence

Very often, consumers ask questions about how and at what distance to hang heating radiators so that the system functions correctly.

Here is a sequence of work so that it is clear when and what needs to be done:

1. First you need to prepare the workplace - drain the water from the system and, if necessary, remove the old batteries.
2. Next, proceed to marking the wall for attaching brackets for radiators.
3. The next step is to fix the brackets in the wall.
4. Now you can hang the radiator.
5. Next, they proceed to connecting heating pipes and fittings to the battery. These works should be performed especially carefully to avoid depressurization of the seams and possible leakage of the coolant.
6. At the final stage, the heating system is filled with water and the tightness of the connections is checked. To do this, it is better to invite an assistant.

If for some reason you do not want or you are not able to do the independent installation of radiators, you can order this service directly when purchasing heating appliances.

How to improve the quality of radiator operation

Of course, every owner wants the installed batteries to last as long as possible and provide enough heat for a comfortable stay. To achieve this, it is recommended to install thermostatic devices. In addition, getting started, do not neglect the advice of experienced professionals.

Outcome

We hope that the above information on the rules for installing heating radiators will be useful to you. Subject to all norms, the heating will function correctly, and the installation process itself will not be difficult for you.

To ensure the necessary heat exchange in the room, when installing the heater, the following standard installation dimensions should be followed.

	Value	Norm source
	Not less than 25 mm. For medical and children's institutions not less than 60 mm.	clause 3.20. SNiP 3.05.01-85 "Internal sanitary systems"
	Not less than 60 mm. For medical and children's institutions not less than 100 mm.
	Not less than 50 mm. In the absence of a window sill, to the bottom of the window opening.
	No more than 400 mm.
	150 ±50 mm
	Not less than 100 mm.
	The connection of heating devices "on the hitch" is allowed to be provided within the same room. Heating devices of dressing rooms, corridors, latrines, washrooms, pantries are allowed to be connected "on a hitch" to the devices of neighboring rooms. It is recommended to couple radiators with pipes with a diameter equal to the diameter of the connecting radiator intersection nipples (cast iron - D32 (1¼ ″), aluminum D25 (1 ″)). The hitch is not recommended to be made longer than 1.5 meters.
	The center distance between the pipe connections to the radiator. As a rule, these are 300, 400, 500, 600.800 mm. Currently, there are many different designs of radiators with a center distance of 50 mm on sale, so now the best-selling radiators with a center distance of 350 and 500 mm.	clause 4.1. GOST 8690-94 "Cast iron heating radiators"
	AND zl . - the amount (in%) of the transferred heat from the device in the form of radiant energy (infrared waves); TO he is in . - the amount (in%) of heat transferred from the device in the form of convection (movement of warm air upwards)At radiators I / K= 80 / 20 (%). For convectors I / K = 20 / 80 (%).

For the installation of a heating system, there are also the following regulatory requirements:

	Norm source
It is recommended to use two-pipe heating systems. In floor-by-floor piping, it is recommended to use: a "beam" scheme with a centrally located supply and return manifolds; an associated two-pipe scheme with wiring around the perimeter of the house.	clause 7.2.2 of SP 31-106-2002 "Design and construction of engineering systems of single-apartment residential buildings"
The temperature of the open surface of a water heating radiator, unless measures are taken to prevent accidental contact by a person, should not exceed 70 °C.	clause 7.2.4 of SP 31-106-2002 "Design and construction of engineering systems of single-apartment residential buildings"
Heating devices in rooms of categories A, B, C should be placed at a distance (in the light) of at least 100 mm from the surface of the walls. It is not allowed to place heaters in niches.	3.45. SNiP 2.04.05-91* "Heating ventilation air conditioning" Clause 6.5.2 SNiP 41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning"
When calculating heating devices, 90% of the heat flow entering the room from heating pipelines should be taken into account.	3.46. SNiP 2.04.05-91* "Heating ventilation air conditioning"
The rated heat flow of the heater should not be taken less than 5% or 60 W required by calculation.	3.47. SNiP 2.04.05-91* "Heating ventilation air conditioning"
Heaters should be placed, as a rule, under light openings in places accessible for inspection, repair and cleaning. The length of the heater should, as a rule, be at least 75% of the length of the light opening in hospitals, kindergartens, schools, nursing homes and disabled people, and 50% in residential and public buildings.	3.48. SNiP 2.04.05-91* "Heating ventilation air conditioning" Clause 6.5.5. SNiP 41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning"
The connection of heating devices "on the hitch" is allowed to be provided within the same room. Heating devices of dressing rooms, corridors, latrines, washrooms, pantries are allowed to be connected "on a hitch" to the devices of neighboring rooms.	paragraph 3.52. SNiP 2.04.05-91* "Heating ventilation air conditioning"
Versatile connection of pipelines should be provided for radiators with more than 20 sections (more than 15 in systems with natural circulation), as well as for radiators connected “on a coupler”, if there are more than two of them.	3.54. SNiP 2.04.05-91* "Heating ventilation air conditioning"
Decorative screens (grilles) may be provided for heaters (except for convectors with casings) in public buildings, taking into account access to heaters for their cleaning. The rated heat flux of the heater when using a screen (grid) must not exceed by more than 10% the rated heat flux of an openly installed heater.	3.58. SNiP 2.04.05-91* "Heating ventilation air conditioning"
Control valves should be installed at heating appliances, with the exception of appliances in wardrobe rooms, shower rooms, sanitary facilities, storerooms, as well as in rooms where there is a danger of freezing of the coolant (on stairwells, in vestibules, etc.). In residential and public In buildings, heating devices should, as a rule, be equipped with automatic thermostats.	Height of the radiator from the floor 3.59*. SNiP 2.04.05-91* "Heating ventilation air conditioning" clause 6.5.13 of SNiP 41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning"
Control valves for heating devices of single-pipe heating systems should be taken with a minimum hydraulic resistance, and for devices of two-pipe systems - with increased resistance.	3.60. SNiP 2.04.05-91* "Heating ventilation air conditioning" Clause 7.2.8.2 SP 31-106-2002 "Design and construction of engineering systems of single-apartment residential buildings"
Shut-off valves should be provided: for disconnecting and draining water from individual rings, branches and risers of heating systems; for steam traps and automatically or remotely controlled valves. For other equipment, shut-off valves should be provided during the feasibility study; to turn off part or all of the heating devices in rooms in which heating is used periodically or partially. Shut-off valves may not be provided on risers in buildings with a number of floors of three or less.	paragraph 3.61. SNiP 2.04.05-91* "Heating ventilation air conditioning"
Slopes of piping to heaters should be made from 5 to 10 mm for the length of the piping in the direction of movement of the coolant. With a connection length of up to 500 mm, the slope of the pipes should not be performed.	clause 3.18 SNiP 3.05.01-85 Internal sanitary systems
Radiators of all types should be installed at distances, mm, not less than: 60 - from the floor, 50 - from the bottom surface of the window sills and 25 - from the surface of the wall plaster. In the premises of medical and preventive and children's institutions, radiators should be installed at a distance of at least 100 mm from the floor and 60 mm from the wall surface. In the absence of a window sill, a distance of 50 mm should be taken from the top of the device to the bottom of the window opening. With open laying of pipelines, the distance from the surface of the niche to the heaters should ensure the possibility of laying connections to the heaters in a straight line.	clause 3.20. SNiP 3.05.01-85 Internal sanitary systems
To connect copper pipes to a heating device made of aluminum and its alloys, threaded adapters made of stainless steel or bronze should be used.	p.3.2.1 SP 40-108-2004 Design and installation of internal water supply and heating systems for buildings from copper pipes
When installing a heater under a window, its edge on the side of the riser, as a rule, should not go beyond the window opening. In this case, the combination of vertical axes of symmetry of heating devices and window openings is not necessary.	clause 3.23. SNiP 3.05.01-85 Internal sanitary systems
When releasing air from aluminum radiators, it is not allowed to bring an open flame to the air outlet cock	clause 6.4. GOST 31311-2005 Heating appliances. General specifications.
Heating appliances must be constantly filled with water, both during heating and non-heating periods. Emptying the heating system is allowed only in emergency cases for a period minimally necessary to eliminate the accident, but not more than 15 days during the year	clause 10.2. GOST 31311-2005 Heating appliances. General specifications.
Heating appliances must be cleaned of dust before the start of the heating season and every 3-4 months of operation	clause 10.4. GOST 31311-2005 Heating appliances. General specifications.
In a single-pipe heating system with one-sided connection of heating devices, an openly laid riser should be located at a distance of 150 ± 50 mm from the edge of the window opening, and the length of the connections to the heating devices should be no more than 400 mm.	clause 3.24. SNiP 3.05.01-85 Internal sanitary systems

Rules for the successful installation of batteries in the house.

At what height to hang radiators

Having correctly chosen the power of heating radiators, we often do not get the desired heat in the house. What makes them effective?

In order for the heating system to work correctly and efficiently, it is necessary to correctly place and mount the radiators. Regardless of which heating system you use (autonomous or centralized), the rules for installing radiators are the same.

Location of heating radiators

The radiator must be installed so that it works with 100% efficiency. The best installation option is under the window. The greatest heat loss in the house occurs through the windows. The location of the radiators under the window prevents heat loss and condensation on the glass. For large windows, radiators 30 cm high are used, or they are placed directly next to the window.

The recommended distance from the floor to the radiator is 5-10 cm, from the radiator to the window sill - 3-5 cm. From the wall to the rear surface of the battery 3-5 cm. If you plan to stick any heat-reflecting material behind the radiator, you can reduce the distance between wall and battery to a minimum (3 cm).

The radiator must be installed strictly at right angles, both horizontally and vertically - any deviation leads to air accumulation, which leads to corrosion of the radiator.

Pipes in the heating system

Advice to those who have central heating in the house. Typically, metal pipes are used for heating systems in apartment buildings.

If the apartment has a metal riser pipe, you can’t switch to polypropylene heating pipes!

In central heating, temperature drops of the coolant and its pressure often occur - apartment wiring and radiators will fail within a year.

Also, in no case should you use unreinforced polypropylene pipes - they are designed for operation for water supply and are destroyed at a coolant temperature of + 90 ° C.

Accessories for heating radiators

In order for you to be comfortable during the heating season, you need to install thermostats on each radiator. So you can save money by shutting off batteries in unused rooms and control the temperature in the house. You can purchase programmable thermostats - they will turn off / on the radiator, maintaining the required temperature.

Installation of thermostats on each radiator is possible in a two-pipe heating system. In a single-pipe (in apartment and high-rise buildings) system for thermoregulation, a jumper is installed in front of the battery - a bypass. A bypass is a pipe installed perpendicularly between the supply and the "return". The bypass pipe must necessarily be of a smaller diameter than the pipes used in the distribution of the heating system.

Also, a Mayevsky valve is installed on the battery - a valve for venting air from the system. These elements simplify the management of the radiator and facilitate their repair.

Barriers for space heating

The barriers that we ourselves create also affect the effective heat transfer. These include long curtains (70% of heat loss), protruding window sills (10%) and decorative grilles. Thick curtains to the floor prevent air circulation in the room - you just heat the window and the flowers on the windowsill. The same effect, but with lesser consequences, creates a window sill that completely covers the battery from above. A dense decorative screen (especially with a top panel) and placing the battery in a niche reduce the efficiency of the radiator by 20%.

Proper installation of heating radiators is one of the main components of the quality functioning of the heating system as a whole. Do not go on about the savings to the detriment of comfortable heating.

Why is it important to observe the dimensions of the gap between the radiator and the wall
How to install a radiator with a wall-mounted variant
How to fix the floor battery
conclusions
Video

In order for the heating system to work with the greatest heat transfer, it is important not only to select highly efficient equipment, but also to mount it with high quality. The correct installation of radiators is of great importance. And here there can be no trifles, you need to withstand all the parameters: the angle of inclination, the choice of mounting system, but it is especially important to consider what should be the distance from the wall to the radiator.

Why is it important to observe the dimensions of the gap between the radiator and the wall

When installing the heating system, you must adhere to the following scheme: the more powerful the radiator in terms of its thermal characteristics, the wider the gap to the wall will be. As a rule, its value is from 2.5 cm to 6 cm.

Specific dimensions are made up of two parameters:

• real possibility of installation (window sill width, niche dimensions);
• heater power.

If foil heat-reflecting material is glued to the wall, the distance can be minimal (2.5 cm - 3 cm).

It is not recommended to install the heater close to the wall for many reasons:

• to ensure free heat transfer from the entire surface of the radiator, conditions must be created for free air circulation around the device, if you put the radiator close to the wall, this process will be disrupted, heat will be partially lost;
• when the radiator is “pressed” against the wall, a high temperature level will constantly be kept on its back surface, as a result, the device will fail faster due to overheating;
• debris and dust will accumulate in the narrow gap between the radiator and the wall, which will also impede heat transfer;
• if a heat-reflecting plate is not glued, the radiator will “wastelessly” heat the outer walls, and they are usually concrete in apartment buildings and have low thermal insulation properties.

Important. Due to the incorrectly set distance to the wall, both the water radiator and the electric one will overheat. Moreover, the electric one has a risk of short circuit, and the water ones will be subject to corrosion.

The distance from the floor to the heating radiator is also kept optimal for each heater. Thus, the correct installation of the radiator is important for efficient space heating.

How to install a radiator with a wall-mounted variant

It is easier to install a battery with a wall mount than with a floor version. Here it is important to know not only the size of the gap to the wall, but also the height of the heating radiators from the floor.

Installation steps for the wall-mounted version:

1. Start by preparing the attachment site. Wall-mounted radiators are usually placed under window sills or attached to walls away from the front door in order to rationally distribute the heat flow. First, a heating circuit pipe is brought to the installation site of the radiator. The wall, which is located behind the radiator, is pasted over with a foil heat insulator.

   Basic rules for installing heating radiators - step by step guide

   It will reflect heat back into the room.

2. It is necessary to make a preliminary markup where the radiator will be mounted. The following parameters are maintained: the distance from the floor to the radiator (lower edge) and from the upper edge of the radiator to the window sill is from 8 to 10 cm, but the width of the heater itself should be 80 percent of the size of the window opening.
3. Then, according to the marks made with the help of dowels, with a depth of at least 6 cm into the wall, fasteners are installed.
4. The radiator is mounted on brackets, fixed and leveled.
5. The last point is the connection to the pipes. You can do a test run of the system to check the tightness of all connections.

Advice. Horizontal alignment of the radiator is a very important point during installation. If this is not done, air will accumulate in the radiator. And this will lead not only to a decrease in energy efficiency, but also to corrosion of the device.

With the wall mounting method under the windows, one more condition is observed: the centers of the radiator and the window opening must match. Mounting systems are different in their design (for example, the shape of the suspensions), but they have one task: to securely fix the radiator to the wall. Most often, fasteners are included with heating devices, and instructions are attached to them.

The whole installation process is not complicated, you just need to approach each stage responsibly.

How to fix the floor battery

You have to mount the battery on the floor if it is very heavy and it is simply dangerous to hang it on the wall. For this purpose, there are special floor brackets.

At a cost they are higher than wall-mounted, but in terms of reliability of fastening they have no equal. Most often, long heating radiators made of cast iron are attached to the floor, but sometimes the designs of aluminum and steel radiators also provide for floor fasteners.

Brackets intended for mounting floor radiators are most conveniently fastened before pouring the screed in order to close the fastening point.

Steps for installing a radiator on the floor:

• select two brackets that are suitable for a given battery weight;
• on the base allotted for the battery, racks are installed using anchor bolts, maintaining a distance from the wall of at least 6 cm;
• perform concrete work, covering the base of the brackets and bolt heads with a coupler;
• hooks are put on the racks, set at the desired height, fixed with bolts (metal gaskets are also installed for protection, if provided for by the package);
• the radiator is hung on the hooks, carefully aligning it horizontally.

The floor fixing system has great advantages, as all the weight of the battery rests on the floor. The left distance from the floor to the battery allows the air flow to circulate.

conclusions

It is always necessary to maintain the correct distance from the wall to the heating radiator, regardless of the design of the product, its shape or other performance characteristics.

It does not matter what kind of heating system is in the house or apartment: one-pipe or two-pipe, central or autonomous heating. For heat exchange between the air and the radiator, in any case, you need space.

If this rule is not followed, the energy efficiency of the heating system will be significantly reduced, and the radiators will last a shorter period. As a result, the cost of energy resources, repair or replacement of components of the heating system will increase.

In order for the autonomous type heating system to work as efficiently and efficiently as possible, it is important not only to choose the right heating devices included in its design, but also to connect them accordingly, using the optimal schemes for connecting heating radiators in a private house.

The comfort of living in the house directly depends on how competently and professionally this will be done, so it is best to entrust the calculations and installation of the system to specialists. But, if necessary, you can perform the installation work yourself, paying attention to the following points:

• Correct wiring installation.
• The sequence of connection of all elements of the system, including pipelines, locking and control valves, boiler and pumping equipment.
• Selection of optimal heating equipment and components.

Before you connect a heating radiator in a private house, you must familiarize yourself with the following installation and placement standards for these devices:

• The distance from the bottom of the battery to the floor is 10-12 cm.
• The gap from the top of the radiator to the window sill is at least 8-10 cm.
• The distance from the rear panel of the device to the wall is at least 2 cm.

Important: Failure to comply with the above standards can lead to a decrease in the level of heat transfer from heating devices and incorrect operation of the entire heating system.

Another important point to consider before installing heating radiators in a private house is their location in the premises. It is considered optimal when installed under windows. In this case, they create additional protection from the cold entering the house through window openings.

Please note that in rooms with several windows, it is better to install radiators under each of them, connecting them in series. In the corner rooms, it is also necessary to install several sources of heating.

The radiators connected to the system must have automatic or manual heat regulation. To this end, they are equipped with special ones designed to select the optimal temperature regime depending on the operating conditions of these devices.

Types of piping

Connection of heating radiators in a private house can be carried out by one-pipe or two-pipe scheme.

The first method is widely used in multi-storey houses, in which hot water is first supplied through the supply pipe to the upper floors, after which, after passing through the radiators from top to bottom, it enters the heating boiler, gradually cooling down. Most often in such a scheme there is a natural circulation of the coolant.

The photo shows a single-pipe connection diagram with a bypass (jumper)

Its main advantages:

• Low cost and material consumption.
• Relative ease of installation.
• Compatible with various types of underfloor heating systems and radiators.
• Possibility of installation in rooms with different layouts.
• Aesthetic appearance due to the use of only one pipe.

Minuses:

• The complexity of carrying out hydro- and heat calculations.
• The inability to regulate the heat supply on a separate radiator, without affecting the rest.
• High level of heat loss.
• An increased pressure of the heat carrier is required.

Please note: During the operation of a single-pipe heating system, difficulties may arise with the circulation of the coolant through the pipeline. However, they can be solved by installing pumping equipment.

Two-pipe scheme connecting heating batteries in a private house is based on a parallel method of connecting heating devices. That is, the branch supplying the coolant is supplied to the system, in this case it is not connected with the branch through which it returns, and their connection is carried out at the end point of the system.

Advantages:

• Possibility of using automatic temperature controllers.
• Serviceability. If necessary, shortcomings and errors made during installation can be corrected without damage to the system.

Flaws:

• Higher installation costs.
• Longer installation time compared to a single-pipe type of wiring.

Radiator connection options

To know how to properly connect a heating battery, you need to consider that in addition to the types of piping, there are several schemes for connecting batteries to the heating system. These include the following options for connecting heating radiators in a private house:

• Lateral (unilateral).

In this case, the connection of the outlet and supply pipes is made on one side of the radiator. This method of connection allows to achieve uniform heating of each section at minimal cost for equipment and a small amount of coolant. Most often used in multi-storey buildings, with a large number of radiators.

Useful information: If the battery connected to the heating system in a one-way scheme has a large number of sections, the efficiency of its heat transfer will be significantly reduced due to the weak heating of its remote sections. It is better to ensure that the number of sections does not exceed 12 pieces. or use another connection method.

• Diagonal (cross).

It is used when connecting to a heating system with a large number of sections. In this case, the supply pipe, as in the previous connection option, is located at the top, and the return pipe is at the bottom, but they are located on opposite sides of the radiator. Thus, heating of the maximum battery area is achieved, which increases heat transfer and improves the efficiency of space heating.

• Lower.

This connection scheme, otherwise called "Leningrad", is used in systems with a hidden pipeline laid under the floor. In this case, the connection of the inlet and outlet pipes is made to the lower branch pipes of the sections located at opposite ends of the battery.

The disadvantage of this scheme is heat loss, reaching 12-14%, which can be compensated by the installation of air valves designed to remove air from the system and increase battery power.

For quick dismantling and repair of the radiator, its outlet and inlet pipes are equipped with special taps. To adjust the power, it is equipped with a temperature control device, which is installed on the supply pipe.

What they have, you can find out from a separate article. It also contains a list of popular manufacturers.

And about what it is, read in another article. Volume calculation, installation.

Tips for choosing an instantaneous water heater for a faucet. Device, popular models.

Installation

As a rule, the installation of the heating system and the installation of heating radiators is carried out by invited specialists. However, using the listed methods for connecting heating radiators in a private house , you can install the batteries yourself, strictly following the technological sequence of this process.

If you perform these works accurately and competently, ensuring the tightness of all connections in the system, there will be no problems with it during operation, and installation costs will be minimal.

The photo shows an example of a diagonal installation method.

The procedure for this will be as follows:

• We dismantle the old radiator (if necessary), having previously blocked the heating line.
• We mark the place of installation. The radiators are fixed on brackets that need to be attached to the walls, taking into account the regulatory requirements described earlier. This must be taken into account when marking.
• Attach brackets.
• We collect the battery. To do this, we install adapters on the mounting holes in it (they come with the device).

Attention: Usually two adapters are left-handed and two are right-handed!

• We also use locking caps to plug unused collectors. To seal the joints, we use sanitary flax, winding it on the left thread counterclockwise, on the right - clockwise.
• We fasten ball-type valves to the junctions with the pipeline.
• We hang the radiator in place and connect it to the pipeline with mandatory sealing of the joints.
• We make pressure testing and trial start-up of water.

Thus, before connecting a heating battery in a private house, it is necessary to determine the type of wiring in the system and its connection diagram. At the same time, installation work can be performed independently, taking into account the established standards and process technology.

How the installation of heating batteries in a private house is carried out, the video will show you clearly.

A heating system should be present in every home. At the same time, it is extremely important that at each stage of its installation all the rules for installing heating radiators are clearly observed - violations of any of them can lead to serious disruptions in the operation of the system and even damage the equipment.

Possible schemes for connecting radiators

Before proceeding with the process of installing heating radiators, it is extremely important to determine the connection diagram. There are several options for how to do this, this is also indicated in the snip. Each of them has both certain advantages and disadvantages. Connection methods:

• side connection. This method is perhaps the most common, since it is it that allows you to achieve maximum heat transfer from radiators. The installation principle is quite simple - the inlet pipe is connected to the upper radiator pipe, and the outlet pipe to the lower one. Thus, both the inlet and outlet pipes are located at one end of the battery.
• diagonal connection. This method is used mainly for long radiators, since it allows you to achieve maximum heating of the battery along the entire length. In this case, the inlet pipe should be connected to the upper branch pipe, and the outlet pipe to the lower one, which is located on the other side of the battery.
• bottom connection. The least efficient connection method (compared to the side method, the efficiency is 5-15% lower), used mainly for heating systems located under the floor.

Instructions for installing heating radiators

So, how to hang radiators correctly? You have purchased radiators and even decided how they will be installed. Now you need to familiarize yourself with all the requirements of SNIP - and you can proceed with the installation. In fact, everything is quite simple.

Most radiator manufacturers, trying to make life as easy as possible for users, attach detailed instructions and rules for installing heating radiators to each battery.

And they really need to be followed - after all, if the radiator is installed incorrectly, if it breaks down, warranty repairs will be denied.

If you want to protect the device from scratches, dust and other damage that may occur during installation, then during the installation process you can not remove the protective film - this is allowed by the rules for installing heating batteries. The single most important requirement that must be strictly followed is the strict observance of the indents necessary for the normal circulation of heated air. Here are the rules for installing heating radiators to indents put forward by SNIP:

• according to current regulations, the distance from the window sill or the bottom of the niche should be at least 10 cm. It should be borne in mind that if the gap between the radiator and the wall is less than ¾ of the battery depth, then the flow of warm air will enter the room much worse.
• equally strict requirements are put forward for the height of the installation of radiators. How to place heating batteries correctly? So, if the distance between the lower point of the radiator and the floor level is less than 10 cm, then the outflow of warm air will be difficult - and this will negatively affect the degree of heating of the room. The ideal distance is 12 cm between the floor and the radiator. And if this gap is more than 15 cm, then there will be too much temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the room.
• if the radiator is not installed in a niche under the window, but near the wall, then the distance between the surfaces should be at least 20 cm. If it is less, air circulation will be difficult, and in addition, dust will accumulate on the rear wall of the radiator.

In order to get the most useful information regarding the installation of radiators, you can use our resource. You can find many valuable tips and recommendations on how to properly install a heating radiator.

The procedure for installing a heating radiator

It should be noted that the SNIP also spelled out the procedure for installing the radiator. Using it, you can do everything correctly:

1. First of all, you need to determine the place for the fasteners. Their number depends on the size of the battery, but even in the case of mounting the smallest radiator, there must be at least three brackets;
2. Brackets are being attached. For reliability, it is necessary to use dowels or cement mortar;
3. The necessary adapters, Mayevsky crane, plugs are installed;
4. Now you can start installing the radiator itself;
5. The next step is to connect the radiator to the inlet and outlet pipes of the system;
6. Next, you need to install an air vent. According to modern SNIP, it must be automatic;
7. After the correct installation of heating radiators is completely completed, you can remove the protective film from the radiators.

If during the installation of heating radiators you adhere to all the rules and requirements described above, then in this case you will enjoy the heat for a long time, which is provided by your correct installation of heating radiators and a well-made heating system.

Every professional builder knows that when organizing various installation works, certain postulates-rules should be followed, which can be conditional and legalized by various certified documents such as GOSTs and SNiPs.

Rules and recommendations on how to install the structure exist on any, even a small part, respectively, they are also for organizing heating, including the installation of radiators - the heating elements of the system.

How to choose batteries for the room

The volume of batteries should be enough to heat the room

The heating system is a complex structure, so it as a whole and its individual elements, such as heating radiators and pipes, require proper installation and appropriate selection of a product suitable for a particular room.

Regarding the radiator, there are recommendations for laying pipelines, the height of the radiators (observing the distance from the floor) and their correct location.

As a rule, radiators are installed in places of greatest heat loss.

As for the choice of the place of installation of radiators, then, as a rule, these are places with the largest heat losses. In almost all houses or apartments, such places are windows and doors, regardless of the use of new technologies. It is not always possible to install a radiator above the door, so they are often mounted under windows.

In order to prevent dampening of the wall under the window, and warm air is evenly distributed over the lower part of the room, and then rises, it is necessary that the dimensions of the heating radiator make up 70-75% of the window in this room.

A small heater will not give a significant heat transfer, and there will not be enough heating in the room.

Rules for installing radiators

If the radiator is under the window, then install it strictly in the middle

For heaters, not only the size is a reference requirement, but there are a number of other recommendations that should be followed both when choosing a heating element and when performing installation work.

These requirements include:

• the heating device must be installed strictly in the middle of the window, equally spaced from the edges;
• the installation height of radiators from the floor should not exceed 15 cm, otherwise cold zones will form above the floor, and if you lower the heater below 8-10 cm from the floor, then it will be problematic to clean under such a device;
• radiators should be at a distance of 12-18 cm from the window sill, if the device is placed closer, then there may be a loss of heater power due to the influx of cold air from the window opening;
• the distance from the rear wall of the device to the wall covering should be 3-7 cm, this is necessary for proper air convection.

It should be remembered that if the radiator is brought as close as possible to the wall, then the gap will be a “dust collector”, and besides, the device during the heating period can not only spoil the outer wall finish (wallpaper), but also destroy the wall structure - plasterboard.

Performing installation work

Before performing installation work, and choosing at what distance from the floor and wall the heater will be installed, it is necessary to stick aluminum foil on the wall at the approximate installation location of the device to increase heat transfer and efficiency (coefficient of performance). After that, you can mark up the fasteners.

You should be aware that there are several options for connecting radiators to the heating system, you can see some of them from the diagram table.

A medium-sized radiator is hung on 2 brackets

When hanging a radiator, all planes should be checked, since the heat transfer of the device depends on the observance of the verticality and horizontality of the heater.

For medium-sized heaters, 2 brackets are installed so that they go between the extreme sections, but if the radiator is large, then an additional hook is installed strictly in the middle opening of the radiator. How to hang a radiator, see this video:

Bypass allows you to regulate heat

When connecting radiators, there are also a number of features and requirements that must be observed. One of these requirements is the rule of installing a jumper (bypass) between pipes in a single-pipe distribution system, which will make it possible to independently regulate the required amount of heat in the room. The main advantage of the bypass is that the basis for its installation does not need to be legalized, and the installation process can be done independently.

It should be remembered that all the rules for installing radiator systems are the same for both individual heating and central heating. If you are going to install new heating elements, then you should take permission for this action from the management company or housing office.

Summing up the article, it should be said that the choice and installation of a heating radiator is not an easy task.

All the activities, requirements and recommendations for the installation of heating elements of the heating system indicated in the article can serve every owner who decides to install radiators on his own and organize a heating system in his house or apartment.

Installing batteries is an important process that affects the performance of the entire heating system of a private house or apartment. It is necessary to pay attention not only to the quality of plumbing connections, but also to compliance with air gaps to the window sill, floor and walls. Read more about this in our article.

Radiator mounting

The modern market for buyers has a large selection of different materials and options for radiators.

According to the methods of fastening, they are all divided into the following groups:

1. floor standing- equipped with small legs, installed directly on the floor of the premises. This option allows you to guarantee the required thermal clearance to the window sill and the lower horizontal surfaces of the rooms.
2. Mounted- fastened directly to metal brackets fixed in the outer walls of a house or apartment.

The required distance from the wall to the heating radiator is best provided for products mounted on the vertical surfaces of the room, which is ensured by the special shape of the brackets. In outdoor species, this parameter must be adjusted independently.

Influence of the gap between the wall and the radiator

Many novice home craftsmen do not understand the importance of the need to adjust the mandatory gap between the batteries and the outer walls. This ultimately leads to a significant increase in unreasonable costs for heating the house. Let's dwell on the problem in more detail.

The outer wall is in constant contact with the surrounding air, which leads to significant cooling. In the event that heating batteries are fixed directly on the inner surface of the supporting structures, the main part of the heat will be spent not on heating the air in the interior of the house, but on heating the wall material.

The low thermal insulation properties of concrete products will not allow maintaining an acceptable internal microclimate. Up to 70% of thermal energy in the case when the distance between the wall and the heating radiator will be minimally spent on heating the atmosphere. Therefore, by moving the heater a short distance, they create the necessary air insulation, which reduces unreasonable expenses.

How to determine the required distance

Many construction works carried out inside residential premises are regulated by building codes and regulations (SNiPs). There is also a SNiP for the installation of heating batteries.

From it you can not only find out what distance between the wall and the radiator must be observed, but also other parameters for its installation:

• the device should be placed directly under the windows so that the centers of the opening and the battery coincide;
• the width of the heater should not exceed 70% of the width of the window sill niche, if any;
• the distance to the floor should not exceed 12 cm, to the windowsill - 5 cm;
• the distance to the wall lies within 2-5 cm.

There are several parameters that affect the choice of the optimal clearance. Most often, it is influenced by the material of the walls of the house and the size of the window sills. In some rooms, an unsightly picture can be observed when the batteries protrude significantly beyond its limits.

Note!
A significant reduction in the gap between the wall and appliances of heating systems is facilitated by additional surface treatment of vertical structures with special heat-reflecting materials, the price of which is affordable.
These include foil insulation or aluminum foil screens.

Installation of a heating radiator

The main way to adjust the required distance to the walls is the high-quality and competent installation of heating devices with your own hands or with the help of specialists. Let's dwell on this aspect in more detail.

Installation of floor views

This mounting option is optimal for products that have a high mass and are most often made of cast iron. Such batteries are equipped with removable or stationary legs, which are fixed to the floor. Depending on the base material, fastening can be carried out with wood screws, self-tapping screws and plastic dowels, dowel-nails.

A wall bracket is also a necessary element for mounting a floor heater. It is set to the required height, which is determined as the desired distance from the floor to the upper longitudinal pipe of the radiator, taking into account the gap. With the help of fasteners and marking the places of their installation, they achieve the optimal distance to the floor, wall and window sill.

We hang a wall radiator

Each heater is equipped with one or another type of suspension used for installation on walls. The material and strength characteristics of the brackets must correspond to the mass of the heating room, taking into account its filling with coolant. Otherwise, the system may leak.

Before direct installation, it is necessary to determine the installation location and the required distances to the main surfaces.

To do this, perform the following steps:

1. Let's determine the center of the window and apply the markup to the wall to be aligned with the center of the radiator in the future.
2. Let's measure the distance from the lower edge of the batteries to the top pipe and add 12 cm. We set aside this size from the floor at the places where the brackets are installed, checking the horizontalness of the attachment points according to the level.
3. In the places where the hangers are installed, we drill holes with a Pobedite drill, install dowels in them and fix the brackets with self-tapping screws.

Note!
A similar instruction is attached to each package of sold radiators.
Differences may lie in the specific type of suspensions and the features of their installation.

Summing up

As part of this article, we examined at what distance from the wall to hang a radiator, what it affects and how it is carried out directly during the installation of the heating system. For more information on this topic, see the video in this article.