Roll waterproofing for the foundation. Foundation waterproofing with roll materials from A to Z Comparison of roll materials for foundation waterproofing
The breadth of possibilities of using rolled waterproofing for the foundation contributes to the creation of a full-fledged waterproofing of buildings, preventing the destruction of foundations due to contact with acids and salts contained in groundwater and rain, melting snow.
Moisture that collects on the surface of concrete and brick causes the formation of fungus and the spread of microorganisms. When water freezes, it expands, which leads to a weakening of the foundation; when it melts, it washes out useful additives and filler from concrete. Distortions, subsidence, cracks occur - they are fraught with premature destruction of the building. Roll waterproofing (often called pasting) can prevent such negative scenarios.
Horizontal protection covers the surface of the base under wall panels, brickwork, timber, covers the entire perimeter. It protects the walls from moisture and does not need additions if a basement is not provided or when dampness is insignificant.
Vertical waterproofing is indispensable for a high base, in cases of arranging a basement, when the base acts as a wall. Here the concrete is separated from precipitation and groundwater.
Varieties of roll waterproofing
This form of release is typical for gluing, membrane and welded materials. Among the modernized categories, diffusion membranes stand out - they are optimal in terms of the ratio of labor costs and the effectiveness of the result. Pasting variations involve the application of great effort, since during installation the base surface must be covered with a bitumen adhesive.
Built-up
This technology is characterized by a low labor intensity of the process, since there is no need to use adhesive substances. The lower layer of the material is formed from a binder, with an artificial increase in temperature, it melts and fixes on the surface.
All variations have a synthetic base, they are resistant to aggressive operating conditions and decay. Reinforcement protects against mechanical damage, gives tensile strength (this effect is provided by the polyester fibers present in the composition). The products are equally suitable for both vertical and horizontal foundation protection.
Pasting
The category is represented by glassine, steloizol and the well-known roofing material. The first option is the most short-lived: it is made of roofing paper impregnated with oil-bitumen. This budget decision is justified only in the case of structures characterized by a low degree of responsibility.
The roofing material is equipped with an additional protective layer; it is based on refractory bitumen with an outer surface made of talc or asbestos, which performs a strengthening function. The variation has a low cost and an average service life in the category, it is prone to rupture, flammable. It is used for protective measures in case of deep passage of groundwater.
Stekloizol is made of fiberglass - fire-resistant, tear-resistant canvas. This is the most productive and durable pasting material.
Diffusion membranes
Considered the most modern method of waterproofing. Manufacturers offer different names that can be used to create a vertical and horizontal auxiliary surface. In the first case, the product can be distinguished by its characteristic perforated structure; in the second case, the membrane looks like a smooth film.
The diffusion model range is also actively used in the process of manufacturing the blind area. In this scenario, the product is not brought to the surface, but protects the foundation in an invisible position. But such a solution cannot be implemented if the blind area is subsequently used as a footpath.
Criteria for selecting options
When deciding which material will create good waterproofing in a particular case, experts make the following requirements:
- tensile strength;
- flexibility;
- resistance to chemical reagents;
- elongation at breaking impact;
- durability;
- elasticity;
- minimum water absorption;
- bursting resistance.
Roll variations are most suitable for do-it-yourself installation, they do not need to attract additional labor. The most popular materials are fiberglass impregnated with polymer-bitumen mastic.
Areas of use
The products in question are relevant in the following conditions:
- arrangement of vertical protection of the external and internal surfaces of the basis of the structure;
- insulation of the edge of the base of slab, columnar, tape and pile structures;
- creating protection for foundation slabs;
- waterproofing of bases of prefabricated tape type in the basement floor area;
- arrangement of the blind area.
Regardless of the design features of the foundation, it is important to lay a layer of waterproofing in areas where materials with different performance properties are combined (usually walls and the base itself).
This requirement comes from the fact that such textures have different levels of normal humidity. All waterproofing measures must be carefully planned at the design stage of the building.
The specifics of foundation slab waterproofing vary depending on the specific type of product used. Professionals recommend paying attention to several general working points:
- The quality of the coating directly depends on the usefulness of the surface preparation. It is important to smooth bulges, sharp edges and corners, remove dust and dirt.
- The composition of the primer should include special primers.
- To improve the adhesion of surfaces differing in structure, the base is covered with a layer of varnish or mastic.
- Pasting insulation is mounted in several layers.
- In some cases, a surface layer of varnish or mastic is also provided.
In addition to protecting the foundation surfaces, complete waterproofing should include measures such as the introduction of drainage and the removal of moisture from the blind area.
Stages and laying technology
The arrangement of the waterproofing of the foundation with rolled materials is organized using a burner: a gas tool is necessary for heating and connecting the joints. A heavy roller, for example, a wooden one, is needed to iron the material: this way the insulation will stick together more tightly, air bubbles will be removed from under it.
Subtleties of foundation preparation
Remove dust and dirt from the base, level, fill cracks and depressions. Mounting slots between panels / blocks are punched with mortar, expansion joints are smoothed with elastic mastic. In this case, it is possible to avoid the appearance of gaps in the waterproofing due to shrinkage of the building.
In cases where partial repairs are not enough for high-quality leveling, the entire surface of the foundation is covered with a thin concrete screed no more than 3 cm thick. When the coating dries, it is lubricated with liquid bituminous mastic: the latter enhances adhesion to concrete.
vertical method
For the implementation of the labor-intensive process, it is desirable to involve assistants. Sequencing:
- The waterproofing material is rolled out in advance on a flat surface for leveling, as a result, the formation of air bubbles and waviness can be avoided. It is customary to place modern options from top to bottom with an overlap within 15 cm, but it is not forbidden to start pasting from the bottom in the longitudinal direction, it’s just that this method is more difficult for beginners. The joint area must be at least 10 cm.
- The mastic dries quickly, so it is applied in small portions and immediately before the waterproofing material is planted on it. The working surface is treated with a trowel or roller, pressing the tool tightly.
- Next, the joints are sequentially welded using a gas burner. If the manipulations are carried out in a vertical direction, the accuracy of the seam needs a more careful approach: the water will quickly penetrate the flaw when moving down.
- Before proceeding with gluing subsequent layers, you need to wait until it dries completely. Here it is important to provide such an allowance so that in the end the seam moves 25-30 cm.
The continuous application of protective materials should be ensured, they should be evenly distributed over the entire area to be equipped, especially in the butt zones of the foundation. When selecting materials, it is necessary to take into account the factor of their mutual destruction: in particular, PVC film and bituminous mastic cannot be used in tandem.
In the lower segment of the base, a transitional ebb should be provided, it is protected in two layers with an overlap.
Horizontal method
Here, higher requirements are imposed on preparatory manipulations, since in the case of horizontal waterproofing, the material must fit as tightly as possible to the concrete base and / or soil. This limitation is justified by the fact that the presence of irregularities and the application of point forces can lead to a breakthrough of the insulating layer.
When the membrane is used to separate the sole of the base from the groundwater passing in the immediate vicinity, it is supposed to be installed on a full-fledged backfill. The site must be carefully cleared, rid of the fertile layer of the earth, leveled. Further, a dense sand cushion is formed on it.
The compacted layer of sand is covered with high-quality geotextile, and the latter has a clear requirement: its density must be equal to or exceed 400 g/sq. m. The strips are placed with an overlap of 15-17 cm, the seams are formed by hot welding.
Geotextiles are covered with a membrane waterproofing film, the film should form an overlap of at least 10 cm. Where the joint zones will be located, it is important to thoroughly clean the canvases. If manual welding is expected, a building hair dryer is involved in the work: the strips are heated and rolled with a dense Teflon roller. You can automate this stage using a welding machine.
Welding is carried out according to the double seam method: after the first strip 1.5 cm wide, an air pocket is left and the manipulation is repeated, not forgetting to seal the ends. This action facilitates further verification of the integrity and stability of the weld: the area is pierced and air is pumped with a compressor, pressure must be maintained for 20 minutes. The puncture point is reinforced with a patch.
Rolled insulation is covered with a denser geotextile to protect it from mechanical damage and compensate for potential stress. The next layer is a dense polyethylene film, which eliminates the possibility of concrete penetration when pouring into geotextiles. For gluing, double-sided construction tape is suitable. The film also serves as a useful sliding surface needed to smooth out the impact of natural ground movement on the foundation.
The final stage is the coating of the waterproofing with a concrete screed in compliance with the generally accepted pouring technology. The attractiveness of horizontal reinforcement with rolled materials lies in the provision of a physical impact-resistant, waterproof, durable layer, which significantly increases the operational life of the foundation.
During the construction of a country house or cottage, it is often necessary to locate a building on a site where groundwater rises above the floor level in the basement. From the destructive effects of moisture, the reinforced concrete base of the dwelling protects a reliable coating. Today, the construction market offers a new modern technology using rolled waterproofing for the foundation.
The base of any structure is exposed to the harmful effects of groundwater and surface water flowing down during the melting of snow and rain. The device of the drainage system and the blind area protects the building from destruction only in part. Fencing the entire height of the structure, the protection must be resistant to the effects of chemically active substances contained in large volumes in flood waters and resist mechanical damage from seasonal ground movements.
The advantages include:
- a wide range at a relatively low cost;
- simple, not requiring special skills and the use of complex construction equipment, installation;
- long service life (TechnoNIKOL indicates 50 years);
- high level of reliability;
- the ability to paste over structures of complex shape, due to flexibility and plasticity;
- completion of work in a short period of time.
The disadvantages of the method are:
- involvement of assistants - one person cannot cope with the installation;
- the use of open flame when working with welded materials requires special care;
- mechanical strength is not very high level;
- at the joints, additional processing is required.
Properly executed high-quality foundation insulation guarantees the absence of mold and dampness in the basement, technical and basement floors, extends the life of not only the foundation, but also the walls of the building.
Types of roll waterproofing
The protective coating is glued in 2-3 or more layers. With traditional roofing material, glassine and roofing felt, materials of increased mechanical strength and elongation (Rubitex, Stekloizol, Stekloplast, etc.), as well as modified bitumen-polymer films (Profikr, Stekloelast, Rubitex) are actively used today.
There are 2 methods:
- Horizontal. By separating the outer load-bearing walls and the foundation, it prevents the dripping rise of groundwater. Protection is created by laying roofing felt and bituminous mastic in several layers on the surface of the base.
- Vertical. It is carried out from the bottom up (more difficult, since the rolls are very heavy) or horizontally.
To form a monolithic barrier, it is important to hermetically connect all layers, joining the strips with an overlap of 10-15 cm.
According to the method of gluing coatings are divided into two groups:
- Built-up. The waterproofing material is heated from the back side with a gas burner or a blowtorch and tightly pressed against the pasted surface.
- Self-adhesive. They have a bitumen-polymer adhesive layer. The main supplier to the Russian construction market is TechnoNIKOL.
This type of protection against the penetration of groundwater and flood waters is designed specifically to simplify installation work in private housing construction. Self-adhesive rolls are bonded to the surface without the use of any solvents and open flame, which increases the safety of finishing and reduces the period of its implementation by 3 times.
Factors affecting the quality of foundation waterproofing
- Equipment around the perimeter of the blind area or sidewalk with a width of 60-100 cm. The most economical and easiest way is to lay a 15-centimeter layer of densely packed clay. Most often, the blind area is poured from concrete with a slope of 2-4 °.
- Before gluing with roll materials, the vertical planes are plastered with cement mortar with the addition of waterproofing components, for example, pozzolana, alum, ceresite and similar products.
- Laying additional horizontal insulation at a height of 20 cm from the level of the blind area in buildings without a basement.
- Organization of a drainage system that diverts surface water or passes it into the depth of the soil.
- The foundations of houses with basements are laid in two horizontal layers every 0.5-1 m.
- To prevent mechanical damage to the waterproofing during backfilling of the pit and seasonal heaving ground displacements, the foundation is reinforced with extruded polystyrene foam or plywood sheets.
Roll coatings are well combined with bituminous or rubber-roofing protection.
Preparing for the installation of insulation
The pasted surface is cleaned with soft brushes from dust, debris and oil stains. Protruding large irregularities (more than 10 mm) are knocked down with a chisel and a hammer. Sharp pieces of reinforcement are cut off by a grinder. Fragments of weak plaster are removed with metal scrapers or brushes. The plane is leveled with cement mortar and primed. One day before laying, the rolls of waterproofing material are unrolled or rewound to the other side to level the canvas. Before gluing, it is recommended to coat the base with heated bituminous mastic or a primer from a trusted manufacturer (for example, TechnoNIKOL). Work is carried out both at the stage of construction of the building, and during its overhaul.
Horizontal insulation:
- The plane, leveled with a thin layer of concrete, is smeared with bituminous mastic or primer with a roller, brush or spatula.
- The waterproofing lubricated with mastic is laid in several layers.
- The top of the protective masonry is closed with a cement screed, which protects against mechanical damage.
Features of mounting on a vertical surface:
- The material to be welded is glued from bottom to top. The fabric heated from the back is applied to the plane, the roll is unwound and leveled with a roller.
- The glued area is warmed up again and smeared with mastic, the seams are especially carefully processed. TechnoNIKOL self-adhesive bitumen tape is used for reliable connection of joints and strength at corners.
Self-adhesive waterproofing is mounted from top to bottom. The flexibility of the panel is maintained at temperatures down to -10 ° C, but manufacturers recommend working with them when the thermometer readings are not lower than +10 ° C. The protective film is gradually removed from the piece cut off along the height of the foundation. As the roll unwinds, the surface is smoothed by hand. The upper part is fixed with an edge profiled metal rail.
For greater strength and reliability, it is applied in 2-3 layers. All panels (horizontal and vertical) are overlapped by at least 10 cm.
Material cost
TechnoNIKOL brand waterproofing meets international standards in quality, is characterized by excellent performance properties and low price. The adhesive layer of the waterproof film is securely bonded to concrete and metal surfaces.
In addition to roll materials, it is convenient to perform waterproofing using bulk bituminous compounds or liquid rubber. In both cases, the waterproofing layer is applied using sprayers or rollers and is often more similar to painting foundation blocks, unlike rolled waterproofing, the thickness of such a protective layer is small, its mechanical structure is more permeable to water vapor and gases. In addition, non-reinforced layers swell very easily and are damaged by temperature changes and soil movements. In this case, they are subjected to external waterproofing with special resin or bituminous mastics with roll materials.
The most popular material for forming the skeleton of the foundation box are ready-made concrete blocks or cast at the installation site of tape boxes. The cheapest option is to use rubble stone masonry with a special mortar. To obtain high mechanical strength of concrete mixtures, such a system must be moistened for at least three weeks.
After the completion of the formation of the concrete frame and the removal of the formwork, the surface of the blocks is prepared for the application of waterproofing materials.
Performance of waterproofing works by laying rolled material on the foundation surface
If you have building skills and having received some information from the video on waterproofing the foundation with rolled materials, it is quite possible to do the job at minimal cost and at a good quality level. The key to success is the use of high-quality rolled products in waterproofing.
To prepare for the sticker, it is necessary to carefully level the surface of the foundation walls, remove bumps and cracks. The best option would be to apply special bitumen-emulsion-based plaster to the foundation, which can kill two birds with one stone.
First, the concrete surface is leveled and compacted, so that the web of rolled waterproofing material will lie evenly and evenly on the foundation wall.
Secondly, the rolled material sticks to the foundation very well, firmly and without bubbles. A similar procedure is carried out when preparing the walls of the apartment before wallpapering.
Advice ! Avoid using homemade tar, motor oil, and kerosene mastics for pre-priming. A similar recipe was quite popular in Soviet times for roofing work on laying roofing material or paper-resin mixtures on concrete roof slabs. Due to the high porosity of cement surfaces, the kerosene mixture easily penetrates deep into the concrete and destroys it.
We glue materials to the foundation
Do-it-yourself waterproofing of the foundation with rolled materials is quite simple. After leveling and priming, the foundation surfaces should be properly dried. The smallest air bubbles and moisture will prevent the normal adhesion of the bituminous mastic of the roofing sheet.
As a waterproofing material, we use a high-quality rolled multilayer roofing material with a styrene-butadiene main part and a reinforcing polyester fabric. The inner part of the panel has a melting film, the outer layer of waterproofing is closed with a polypropylene coating.
It is necessary to glue the web of rolled material on the vertical walls of the foundation from the bottom up. When marking in the lower part of the wall, we make a small margin of material of 30 cm for gluing it with the panel of the base of the waterproofing foundation. Next, the foundation wall is heated with a burner or with the help of hot liquid mastic to the size of the roll width with a 5 cm margin. Having fixed the lower edge of the roll on the mastic, we heat the place of the sticker with a burner and slowly roll the canvas up along the foundation.
The canvas is glued from the bottom up to get the most tight contact and prevent the mastic from running off the surface of the heated area of the foundation.
Part of the mastic adhesive should be squeezed out from the side of the overlap of the panel with the adjacent sheet. Sometimes a roll material sticker scheme is used, when the panels are glued end-to-end, an additional tape 150-200 mm wide is welded over the seam. In any case, the glued roll material must not contain any folds or bubbles that could lead to a break in the insulation.
For waterproofing the foundation, many different options for roll materials are produced, the most affordable and simple is TECHNOELASTMOST products. Most modern mastics are made on a modified bituminous base, with increased adhesion to cement and brick.
There are various options for self-adhesive roll materials for waterproofing the foundation without the use of adhesive mastics or burners. In this case, the waterproofing is rolled out and attached to the surface of the foundation wall using polyester resin applied by the manufacturer to the inner layer of roofing material.
Roll foundation waterproofing is necessary to protect the foundation from the effects of groundwater and cracking. Penetrating into the material, it weakens and destroys it. Mold grows on a damp foundation, and when it freezes in winter, cracks appear in it. All this together significantly reduces its service life, and also leads to frequent repairs to the walls and foundation of the building.
Materials and major mistakes
The waterproofing of the foundation can be carried out with built-up and gluing membranes. The first type of material is deposited using a special welding machine or a gas burner.
The second is self-adhesive waterproofing. On one side of it there is an adhesive base, due to which it is held on the surface to be trimmed. There are also waterproofing membranes fixed with mastic.
Moisture affecting the foundation Most problems with foundation waterproofing appear for the following reasons:
- Poor quality or incorrectly selected material;
- Poor quality of work performed.
Technology and laying procedure
Rolled materials are laid on the base by continuous fusing on the surface or welded in places of overlaps. The installation method is selected depending on the percentage of humidity and the type of construction.
Foundation preparation
Note! The surface must be free of old finishes, dirt and dust, cement laitance, and easily peelable materials.
After that, the humidity coefficient should be determined. The permissible humidity level is determined depending on the selected waterproofing material. It is specified in the technical regulations to it.
Most often, the level of humidity is determined using special devices - moisture meters. Using it, you should pay attention to the humidity of which it calculates.
Horizontal free laying of waterproofing material
Before installing the waterproofing, the rolls are rolled out along the entire length on the prepared base. The required lengths are measured and aligned with other parts of the roll. Layers must be overlapped.
Horizontal laying type The spacing of the end seams should be at least 50 cm. After all measurements, the rolls are rolled back, and simultaneously from both sides to the center. Now proceed to the fusing of overlap zones.
They are welded either using an automatic welding machine that heats the material with hot air, or with a gas burner. The second option is more common. The lower part of the roll in places where the waterproofing overlaps is heated by a burner flame, and at the same time the base being trimmed is heated.
The roll rolls out gradually and onto itself. In order for the welding points to stick together as tightly as possible, they are additionally rolled with a roller. The polyethylene film on the bottom of the waterproofing must be melted together with the bituminous mass. In this case, the indicator pattern will be deformed.
Note! When laying the material freely, the surface of the base must be even, without sharp changes in height.
Unrolling the roll and fusing the overlap zone For single-layer materials, the overlap of the rolls on each other at the edges should be at least 12 cm, at the end - at least 15 cm. If bituminous mass flows out from under the roll at the rolling points, this indicates that the correct deposition temperature has been selected.
Advantages of the method of laying waterproofing with fusing only in places of overlap:
- Quick installation - 4-5 times less time spent than with the continuous method;
- Ability to work on wet surfaces.
Vertical free laying of waterproofing material
When installing waterproofing on a vertical structure, it is not only welded in places of overlap, but also mechanically fixed at the highest point along the edges of the roll. The mounting step in height should be no more than 3 m when installing a single-layer membrane and no more than 2 m for multilayer insulation.
The edge overlap must be at least 12 cm, the end overlap - 15 cm. After fixing the roll with fasteners, they are covered with the edge of the next piece of waterproofing with an overlap of at least 15 cm.
Note! The built-up rolls of waterproofing material should not have folds and swellings.
In order to avoid installation problems during installation, the insulation must be properly stored and transported.
continuous welding
With a continuous method of installing waterproofing, the base must be treated with a bituminous primer to ensure sufficient adhesion of the material. Apply it with a roller, brush or brush. Substrate moisture should be no more than 4% for standard products, or no more than 8% for water-based bitumen emulsions.
The fusing of waterproofing is carried out only after the primer has completely dried. You can check this with a tissue paper. If she touches the surface of the base, and after that there are traces of the primer on it, it means that it has not yet dried.
Horizontal
Rolls are rolled out on the prepared surface, the necessary parts are leveled and cut off. The joints should be spaced at least 50 cm apart, and the edges of the rolls should overlap each other. Once everything is aligned, the rolls roll from the edges to the center on both sides.
The fusing process is similar to the previous laying method, except that the entire surface of the waterproofing is heated, and not just the edges. Simultaneously with the melting of the film, the surface of the base is heated. The roll rolls slowly towards itself.
Particular attention should be paid to places of overlap. The film must be melted with bituminous mass. Welded places are immediately ironed with a roller.
At the end, the rolls should be overlapped by 15 cm, and at the edges by 10 cm. A high-quality connection occurs after the material has completely cooled. No protective film should be visible along its edges, and there should also be no cuts, swelling or waves.
Note! From under the side edges of the waterproofing, the bituminous mass should flow out by 0.5-1 cm.
vertical
Vertical type of laying The material is laid in exactly the same way as for horizontal installation, but the rolls are cut into pieces up to 2 m long. They are mounted from the bottom up and with an edge overlap of 10 cm, and at the end by 15 cm.
Price per m 2 works
The cost of work depends on the design of the foundation, the conditions of work and other specific characteristics of the object. On average, the price for 1 m 2 ranges from 300 to 400 rubles.
You can check the quality of the deposition after drying with a screwdriver with rounded edges, but in no case with a cutting tool. There should be no cracks or gaps. The material must evenly cover the entire surface.
The most terrible enemy of the foundation is water. It contains a huge number of microorganisms that contribute to the destruction of the foundation of the house. Penetrating into the building material and freezing, water weakens the base. As a result, cracks and distortions appear, leading to an indispensable deformation of the structure. To protect the foundation from the negative effects of water, it is necessary to carry out waterproofing of the foundation.
Why do you need foundation waterproofing?
It is necessary to protect the foundation from the negative influence of the aquatic environment for several reasons:
- Firstly, in the upper layers of the soil, the accumulation of moisture is often observed, which can penetrate the foundation by capillary action or exert a certain pressure on the base. In both cases, the foundation without protection is in serious danger.
- Secondly, water in a certain amount is available in any layer of soil. In this case, the foundation is not subjected to dynamic impact, but the penetration of moisture in this case cannot be avoided. Getting into the foundation and solidifying, water has a devastating effect.
- Thirdly, groundwater on the site can be located close to the surface, having a negative impact not only on the foundation of the house, but on the entire structure.
- Fourthly, water entering the soil may contain aggressive chemical compounds. This inevitably leads to the destruction of the concrete base.
Types of roll waterproofing
The modern construction industry produces several types of roll materials used for foundation waterproofing:
Varieties of roll waterproofing
- Pasting roll waterproofing is a waterproof material that has a different composition and is twisted into rolls. When installing protection of this type, the material is glued to the surface using bituminous mastic. Among materials of this type, roofing material and glass isol are especially popular.
- Fused waterproofing involves the use of a building hair dryer or burner. These tools are necessary to soften the bituminous layer. This ensures good adhesion of the waterproofing material and the surface to be protected.
- Diffusion film membrane is a modern high-tech material that not only protects the foundation from moisture penetration, but also removes its excess from the inside of the room. This allows you to maintain the integrity of the foundation for a long time.
How to prepare a surface for waterproofing
To avoid undesirable consequences after the waterproofing of the foundation, a preparatory stage is needed. It implies the following actions:
- Cleaning the surface from dirt, dust, mold.
- Leveling existing irregularities and sharp edges that can cause damage to rolled waterproofing materials.
- On a horizontal surface - the implementation of a concrete screed
Methods for installing roll waterproofing
Installation of a waterproofing layer can be performed in several ways. It depends on the type of protection chosen.
It is necessary to carry out work to protect the foundation from moisture with the help of gluing or deposited roll materials in the following order:
- The surface is treated with a special primer, which will serve as additional protection, and also act as a heat insulator.
- Apply mastic or varnish in one layer. This improves the adhesion between the waterproofing materials and the surface to be protected.
- Install waterproofing. At the same time, pasting rolled materials are best laid in two or three layers, smearing the joints of the strips with mastic. The built-up waterproofing is laid in one layer, heating the material with a gas burner.
- An additional layer of mastic or varnish must be applied over the waterproofing.
- Perform waterproofing protection. To do this, you can lay thermal insulation or brick.
- At the end of the work, perform or.
The membrane is a relatively new material with a specific mounting technology. However, there is nothing complicated in performing this process, the main thing is to follow certain rules:
- The waterproofing of the vertical surfaces of the foundation is carried out using a profiled membrane, which has protrusions in the form of spikes on one side. This structure evenly distributes the pressure on the foundation of the house. In addition, the outer studded side contributes to the condensation of moisture and its removal to the drainage.
- For fastening the profiled membrane, special metal elements with PVC coating are used. The fasteners are mounted on the surface of the foundation, and the waterproofing is fixed using a special building hot air gun.
- For waterproofing horizontal planes, it is recommended to use a smooth membrane. It prevents the rise of moisture through the pores of concrete. Laying a smooth membrane on the foundation is overlapped. For welding joints, they also use a building hair dryer.
Vertical waterproofing
The process of vertical waterproofing is not complicated, but laborious. Therefore, you will need an assistant to work. All actions are performed in the following order:
- The rolled material must be rolled out so that it straightens. This will reduce the formation of air bubbles during installation.
- You can stick the waterproofing vertically from the bottom up, maintaining an overlap of strips of 15 cm. It is allowed to stick the material along the walls of the foundation. In this case, the installation also starts from below, but in this case the overlap can be reduced to 10 cm. The same principles are followed when using welded waterproofing.
- The glued strip of waterproofing material must be ironed using a roller or a special trowel. This will allow you to press the material more tightly to the surface and expel the remaining air. After all the vertical planes of the foundation are protected, the joints of the strips are well heated with a gas burner in order to completely fasten the waterproofing strips.
- Wait for the previous one to dry before applying the next layer. In this case, it is important to move the seams at a distance of at least 25 cm.
Horizontal waterproofing
Horizontal waterproofing
foundation
To waterproof horizontal surfaces, perform the following steps:
- The working surface is covered with a layer of sand and leveled.
- Geotextiles are laid on top of the sand layer, laying the sheets on top of each other by 15 cm.
- Then waterproofing is laid, withstanding an overlap of sheets up to 10 cm. Welding of the waterproofing material is carried out using a building hair dryer.
- An additional layer of geotextile is placed on top of the membrane.
- The final stage will be the laying of polyethylene and the installation of a concrete screed.
Waterproofing of a monolithic foundation
- The surface is carefully leveled using a cement-sand screed.
- After the screed has dried, a layer of bituminous mastic is applied.
- A layer of waterproofing is laid on top of it.
You can do the waterproofing of the foundation with your own hands, for this you must follow the work technology. In addition, there are some nuances that help improve the quality of waterproofing:
- Waterproofing must be continuous and uniform both on the surface and at the junctions of structural elements.
- It is not recommended to use materials that can destroy each other when interacting.
- After installing the waterproofing, additional protection with a polymer membrane can be performed.
High-quality waterproofing of the foundation with rolled materials will ensure its reliable and long-term operation, making the entire structure durable and safe.
