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Shoots of pansies. Pansies growing from seeds, when and how to plant seedlings. Prices for peat tablets

Pansies, growing from seeds, when to plant will not leave anyone indifferent - such information will be useful to gardeners who like this delicate flower. The plant is herbaceous, attracts with a variety of colors. The most famous is the tricolor viola, the top of its petals is purple, the middle is amber, the bottom is white or yellowish.

Pansies - growing from seeds

It is easy to grow pansies, they are not capricious. The flower is bred with seeds, it is recommended to plant them in an open area or on seedlings. To collect seeds, you need to pick up a powerful specimen and wait until the boxes with seeds turn yellow. It is important to stock up on seeds until they wake up on the soil when plowing the pods. At the same time, there is a chance to prepare seed from crops of the coloring and variety you like. Pansies grow normally in shade and full sun. Viola is best planted where bright light illuminates it for only part of the day.

How to grow pansies from seed outdoors:

1. When embedding in the ground, furrows 0.5 cm wide are made with a distance between rows of 2 cm, they are shed with water.
2. Seeds should be planted every 2 cm (best done with a small sheet of paper), they are covered with a moistened substrate and the soil is slightly crushed.
3. Sowing is protected with a film, periodically aired.
4. When seedlings appear and the first pair of true leaves peck, the seedlings dive, shortening the main root by a third, seated according to the scheme 25x25 cm.
5. Subsequent care consists in loosening the soil and watering.
6. Before budding, it is better to fertilize the flower - pour it with dissolved nitrophoska - on a bucket of 1 tbsp. a spoonful of composition.
7. For the winter, seedlings are covered with spruce branches.

When to sow pansies for seedlings?

Sowing pansies when growing from seeds, when to plant - the solution to these issues is due to when you want to see the first flowers. Experts recommend cultivating violet as an annual or biennial - so it has the most attractive appearance and lush flowering. Sowing pansies for seedlings - how to calculate the timing:

1. I would like flowering in the same year in June-July - it is recommended to plant seeds in January - February for seedlings.
2. Pansies - growing from seed, when to plant for early spring bloom in the second year: planting should be done outdoors in June. They will overwinter and start flowering in early spring in April.
3. If planted in the ground earlier - in May, then the buds will bloom in the fall.

Germination of pansy seeds

To enhance the germination energy, the seeds of pansies are soaked in a solution of the growth biostimulant "" for a day before the backlog. The tool gives energy to the sprouts and at the same time performs disinfectant functions. Additional resistance to ailments will help to give a 20-minute placement of seeds in a solution of burgundy potassium permanganate. It is useful to soak them in a solution of wood ash: 1 tbsp. dilute a spoonful of the product in a liter of water and leave the grains in the composition for 2 hours. It is not necessary to germinate the seeds before sowing - they are very small and take root well in the ground.

Seedlings of pansies at home

When cultivating pansies, growing seedlings from seeds will speed up the start of budding. For sowing, shallow boxes are selected and purchased soil for violets is purchased. You can independently prepare the substrate from 1 share of garden soil, 1 share of sand and 0.5 shares of humus or peat. Before planting, the soil is steamed in a water bath and spilled with a fungicide to destroy pathogens and weeds. In the form of a disinfectant, a dark solution of magnesium chloride is suitable.

How to plant pansies for seedlings?

Planting pansies for seedlings:

1. The easiest option to touch is to lay the seeds in containers on top of the soil and put them in a dark place at a temperature of + 20-22 ° C.
2. Seedlings are covered with a film and aired every day for 10 minutes. Water the crops with a fine sprayer.

How many days does it take for pansy seeds to germinate?

Experienced flower growers answer the question of how many seeds of pansies sprout - if the sowing is done with high-quality material, then after 1-2 weeks the seedlings will sprout. Sometimes (depending on the variety and quality of the grains), germination can take up to 3-4 weeks. Before that, it is better to cover them with a dark dense garbage bag - the seeds like to sprout in the dark.

Picking pansies

Boxes with green shoots are placed on a lighted window. When growing the initial 7 days, seedlings are accustomed to air. To do this, every day the cycle of its open presence is increased from 10 minutes to 5-6 hours, then it can be removed from the seedlings. Watering is done when the top layer dries. When to dive pansies after germination:

1. When 2-3 true leaves appear, seedlings are placed in separate containers or a common box according to the 5x5 cm pattern.
2. When picking, young plants are buried to the cotyledons.
3. When growing a viola, when there are 6 leaves on young sprouts, pinch the top of the central stem so that the violets form a lush bush.
4. Feed the viola every 2 weeks with fertilizer for seedlings, monitor the moisture content of the substrate in pots.

With quality care in a month (by the end of May), the viola blooms and is ready for planting in the garden. Before transplanting sprouts to an open area, they are hardened. To do this, the seedlings are placed under the sun's rays, starting from an hour a day and increasing the time daily by an hour. Planting scheme for pansies in a flower garden - 20x20 cm. Care for pansies:

1. For generous flowering, the plant needs frequent watering, especially in the heat. After moisturizing, the bush is better.
2. Feeding with mineral supplements, such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, has a beneficial effect on the development of the viola. It is advisable to start fertilizing flowers 2 weeks after planting with a solution of ammonium nitrate or superphosphate at the rate of 20-40 g per 1 m 2.
3. Dried flowers and leaves of the viola must be removed. If you implement these simple requirements, then a bright carpet will delight the eye until frost.

To create a colorful velvet carpet in your paradise, pansies, which are known under the elegant name of viola or under the academic name - Vitrokk's violet, will help to create. The traditional colors of this culture are purple and yellow. Over time, breeders have bred about 200 varieties with stunning shades. So the garden violet became a luxuriantly blooming and beautiful decoration of the garden.

The violet family has many features in planting, care, and cultivation. To enjoy such beauty both in spring and autumn, you need to know some of the nuances. You should also choose the right variety for planting.

Flower characteristic

The shades of the petals are so saturated that even in the photo pansies look incomparable. You can see this charm in early spring, when it gets warmer. Some varieties delight the eye throughout the summer, because they easily tolerate hot weather. Others feel great in the velvet season, as they can even withstand frost. Among other things, varieties were bred that are resistant to low temperatures. All this diversity is classified as follows.

Frost resistance

These plants can bloom even at the end of February. Low temperatures in the morning or light frost will not spoil the delicate flowers. Gardeners carefully select winter-hardy specimens for their summer cottage. These varieties mainly include:

For all winter-hardy varieties, the compact size of the shrub is characteristic (flower diameter reaches 6 cm). Some varieties of this viola throw abundant blooms. It is they who delight the owners with their charm for a long time.

Flower size and shape

They are of small caliber: 3-5 cm (Snow Maiden, blue boy and little red riding hood). Buds bloom from small sinuses. Pansy flowers are solitary, but in combination they make a chic look. Such giant varieties look especially luxurious:

The pedicel of such titans reaches 10-12 cm in length, and the diameter of the flower is more than 7 cm. They can be plain, as well as with exquisite spots or patterns. Among the large-leaved varieties, the most popular are:

The length of the branched stem is 10 cm, and the diameter of the flowers does not exceed 5 cm. The delicate petals of the tricolor violet have both smooth edges and wavy (jagged).
The corrugated petals of the Flamenco, Chalon Supreme and Rococo varieties have an exotic look, as well as an unusual variegated color (hatched color in the center).

Color spectrum

Vitrokk's violet color palette is striking in its diversity. In the flower bed, tricolor specimens in dark shades of blue, purple and red look unusual. Violas, snow-white with a greenish tint, will become a breathtaking property of the garden. At the same time, blue, lilac, yellow and burgundy (with bizarre spots) exhibits will bring a touch of romance to the suburban area.
Varieties with contrasting stripes, a border and incomparable eyes look special near the house. Such a colorful description of pansies is endless, because it is difficult to consider all 250 varieties at a time.

bush height

Low-growing cultures reach 15 cm in height, and giants - up to 30 cm. In diameter, a viola bush can grow from 6 to 12 cm. Since this plant tolerates shaded areas, it can be safely grown in a garden between trees.

The flowering period can be artificially extended. To do this, it is necessary to constantly remove fading flowers, preventing them from turning into seed boxes.

flowering period

As already noted, pansies are able to delight with their stunning flowering in the season of the year desired by the owners. So it can:

• March or April;
• summer months (withstand heat and drought);
• autumn period (quietly tolerate snowfalls and lower temperatures).

Therefore, garden plants can be transplanted into pots (plastic boxes) and decorate balconies, house facades, loggias, and windows with them. To do this, periodically loosen the earth and water the plants.

It is important to ensure that the soil is not wet for a long time, because the roots may begin to rot.

Landing Secrets

The first step is to choose a variety and a suitable place for it on the site. Many housewives prefer large-caliber varieties. Single-flowered specimens look amazing in a flower bed surrounded by other flowers. However, as experience shows, it is violas with small petals that are the hardiest.
Such crops survive in the rainy season, and with sudden changes in temperature. Therefore, in the northern regions it is better to plant small-flowered varieties, because in the southern latitudes the inflorescences become smaller. The same applies to giant varieties if they grow for a long time in a hot and dry climate.

It is better to plant a crop in an open area. Access to heat and direct rays should be at least 5-7 hours per day. It is worth watering the flower beds once a week. Maybe twice, depending on the weather.

Landing place

It is important to consider that pansies are perennial and annual plants. This means that they are bred for one year, or two or three. The growth period largely depends on the labor that the gardener is ready to invest in these garden exhibits, and processing technologies. It was noticed that if you feed the earth with fertilizers, at least once a week, the stem grows faster, and the inflorescences become more magnificent.
Favorable conditions for planting and caring for pansies will be the following parameters:

1. Soil type. Dry soil mixed with sand or stones is not suitable for viola. The earth must be fertilized in order to saturate the young roots with nutrients. It must contain enough moisture.
2. Degree of shading. It is important to find the golden mean here. A thick shadow will lead to the degeneration of the plant, and the scorching sun will lead to its destruction.
3. Good care. Takes care of regular watering of sprouts. Around the rhizome (at a distance of 2-3 cm) should be made from leaves or dried grass. Periodically, you need to pluck damaged stems or petals.

When an amateur gardener has decided on a place and has chosen a suitable variety, then you can begin the sowing process. There are several ways to do this.

Landing time

The first option is to independently grow pansies from seeds. When to plant depends on the period in which the gardener wants to get a luxuriantly flowering crop. These varieties germinate well at a temperature of 16-18°C. So, if you sow the seeds in a container in winter (at the end of January), then after 2-3 months the seedlings can be transplanted into the soil. It is important to correctly calculate the date of the last frost in advance.
You can see what time they were last year, and count 3 months from that date. This will be the date of diving into the open land, only next year.

Those who plan to see this beauty in their garden in the fall should sow during July. Then by September, when the heat subsides, the sprouts will be ready for transplanting into the ground.

Perennial crops can be immediately sown in open ground in the middle of summer. However, the sun can scorch tender sprouts, so they should be covered with greenery, but so that there is no greenhouse. Until the end of August, the seedlings must get stronger in order to successfully survive the winter. To do this, they must be watered every 7 days and fertilize the soil, alternating mineral and organic top dressing. At the end of summer, the sprouts are transplanted to another place. At the same time, it is important not to let them bloom, because this will deplete the plant before wintering.
As a result, in the spring you can take a lovely photo of pansies and enjoy their delicate fragrance.

Landing nuances

Garden violas, although not very fastidious flowers, still require special treatment. When sowing seeds, you must follow a number of simple rules:

• loosen and slightly moisten the soil;
• mix the seeds with sand so as not to sow too thickly;
• it is not recommended to bury the seeds deep in the ground;
• they need to be watered with a watering can with a small strainer so as not to wash away the seed with water;
• store the tray for the first week in a dark place;
• then it is important to place the container in a more lit room;
• periodically, a box with seedlings that are already 25 days old is taken out into fresh air (at a temperature of + 6 ° C) in order to harden the sprouts.

When transplanting seedlings into open ground, it is important to adhere to a special system. You need to dive culture in early May. And literally in 3-4 weeks inflorescences will appear. Tuber transplantation is advised to be carried out in the evening, when it is cool and there is no sun. They should be planted at a distance of 25 cm, because they are able to grow. If weather forecasters promise frosts, then the beds should be covered with straw.

Strong winds can damage the plant. Therefore, it is important to make a protective fence for a flower bed with a viola.

Care and protection from pests

Pansies will bloom profusely with the right care and favorable conditions. Winter without snow is a detrimental factor for plants. Therefore, the beds are advised to cover with mulch and a special tarp. Among other things, it is important to follow the following:

1. The soil should always be soft and moist. Therefore, the soil must be constantly loosened. Moisten the soil only after it is completely dry.
2. Feed with fertilizer. You cannot do this with fresh manure. It is better to use humus in a proportion of 5 kg per sq. m or compost.
3. The place must be well ventilated.
4. Make a piece hut to protect from direct rays.
5. Shoots with defects should be pinched off immediately.
6. Remove dried leaves.

These simple rules contribute to the lush flowering of the viola. Yet the danger for her is pests. These may be such manifestations:

This plant is not really whimsical. Therefore, pests and diseases almost in rare cases interfere with the vegetation, as well as the lush flowering of the crop. As a result, you can always enjoy the beauty of pansies.

How to grow pansies - video

Pansies are hardy flowers. They bloom with the advent of spring and delight with bright colors until the frost. Bushes tolerate heat, cold snaps and other vagaries of the weather well. Self-growing from seeds of Pansies requires certain knowledge from the gardener.

Name history

The vibrant Pansies have several beautiful name stories. One of the legends about a girl who spied on others and composed all sorts of fables. The flower was named after her.

Germany has its own version. The flower is associated with the stepmother, her daughters and stepdaughters. The largest petal is the evil stepmother, two smaller bright colors are her beloved daughters, nondescript ones are stepdaughters. According to legend, the woman strongly disliked her stepdaughters, and the evil wizard decided to punish her. The stepmother received a spur, her daughters a mustache, and her stepdaughters stood over them.

No less beautiful history of the ancient Greeks. It says that Zeus fell in love with the daughter of the king of Argos - Anyuta, but the evil stepmother bewitched a beautiful rival and turned her into a cow. The human form of the girl was returned by her lover, who gave her a two-color violet, which was later named after her.

Modern botanical reference books indicate that the Pansy flower or Viola Wittrock got its name in honor of the Swedish professor Veit Wittrock. He was the first to describe the plant, trace the history of its origin and give a classification. Be that as it may, but a beautiful flower is still popular today. It is grown everywhere.

Choice of Pansies variety

Viola Wittrock is a herbaceous plant with a two-year growing cycle. In warm regions, it is cultivated as a perennial, but more often used as an annual. Today, garden pansies are grown from seed through seedlings. There are many varieties of this plant, gardeners prefer the most beautiful:

• "Baroque" - a spectacular bush up to 30 cm in height, abundant flowering, the upper petals are corrugated, blue, the lower ones are burgundy with yellow;
• "Flamenco" - corrugated petals, red-orange with a yellow center, thick strokes;
• "Flamme" - a plant with brick-red petals, a dark spot in the center.

When choosing a variety, you need to consider the region of cultivation. Some hybrids are cultivated only in the southern regions, for example, Tricolor. For the middle lane, varieties are more resistant to cold, for example, Altai Viola.

In addition, the choice of variety for further cultivation depends on the preferences of the gardener. Hybrid varieties of garden violets do not produce seeds for subsequent breeding.

How to collect seeds

Pansies reproduce well by self-sowing, but such plants bloom later. In order to enjoy flowering from early spring, seedlings are practiced. Seeds are collected independently. It's not that hard to do.

In autumn, Viola finishes flowering and seed pods form on the shoots. They are plucked after ripening, the planting material is crushed, ripened and sent for storage. However, in windy weather, the collection becomes more complicated, the seeds fall off earlier. To prevent this from happening, during the growing process, the largest boxes are tied with gauze or a bandage.

Important! Boxes are torn off only after full maturation. Greens are left on the bushes.

When to plant pansies for seedlings

To make the bushes strong and bloom profusely all season, sowing pansies for seedlings is carried out with seeds in early February.

Soil preparation

For growing seedlings of Pansies, purchased loose soil for flowers is used. You can cook it yourself, but it is important to keep the proportions. Mix in equal proportions:

• sod land;
• peat;
• compost;
• sand.

The soil mixture is well sieved and disinfected, otherwise, in the process of growing seedlings, the seedlings will be destroyed by the black leg.

Seed preparation

Seeds of Pansies are soaked in growth stimulants before sowing, for example, Epin, Zircon. This procedure not only accelerates germination, but also increases the endurance of plants.

To prevent the occurrence of fungal diseases in the process of growing seedlings, the seeds of Pansies are treated with Fitosporin.

After all the manipulations, the planting material is dried and proceed to planting.

Important! Purchased seeds do not need additional treatments.

How to plant pansies for seedlings at home

The technology for planting Pansies with seeds for seedlings is standard. For growing seedlings, plastic bowls or low containers are used. Before planting, they are treated with a 1% solution of potassium permanganate or Fitosporin.

Seeding instructions:

1. Fill the bottom of the container with drainage, pour fertile loose soil on top.
2. Compact the soil and moisten with a spray bottle.
3. Spread the seeds evenly on the surface of the soil, do not bury.
4. Gently moisten the plantings from a spray bottle with a fine spray so that the seeds are drawn to the desired depth.
5. Cover the container with foil and put in a dark but warm place.

After sowing, it is not necessary to sprinkle the small seeds of Pansies with earth.

There is another interesting way to sow seedlings in the snow. The soil in the container is covered with a thick layer of snow, seeds are evenly distributed over it. Further cultivation is no different from the traditional one. As the snow melts, the seeds are independently drawn into the soil to the desired depth.

seedling care

Growing seedlings of Pansies, special attention should be paid to caring for plants. Improper watering and unsuitable conditions can be detrimental to crops.

After how many days do pansies sprout

If everything is done according to the rules, then the first shoots can be seen 7–10 days after sowing. All this time, the containers are kept in a room where the temperature does not fall below +20 °C.

When the seedlings are massive, the film is removed to ventilate the plantings. Open the greenhouse gently once a day, gradually accustoming the seedlings of Pansies to the environment. Completely remove the film from the container when the seedlings get stronger. In the early stages of growing seedlings, a high level of humidity is required.

When growing seedlings, take care of proper watering of seedlings. Pansies at the beginning of the growing season are tender and fragile, waterlogging of the soil is unacceptable. Water the seedlings from the spray gun often, but little by little.

Important! Dry soil is as harmful to seedlings as wet soil. The soil throughout the entire process of growing seedlings should remain moderately moist.

When to dive Pansies after germination

Seedlings of Pansies develop quickly, she needs a pick in order for the root system to form correctly. The procedure is carried out when 2 true leaves appear on the seedlings. For further cultivation use individual containers. In the process of picking, the central root is cut by a third. The sprouts are deepened to the cotyledon leaves and watered.

Further cultivation of seedlings takes place in a room where the temperature is maintained at a level of 15-17 ° C. To form strong bushes, good lighting is required, if natural light is not enough, then additional lighting will be organized.

Advice! To form a lush bush, after picking, the seedlings are pinched. In the future, the procedure is repeated several times.

Two weeks after picking, seedlings of Pansies are fed with a mineral complex. Then feeding is repeated every week until landing in the ground.

Seedlings are transferred to the flower bed in mid-May. 3 weeks before landing Pansies begin to harden. Containers are taken out to fresh air, gradually increasing the residence time. Immediately before planting, the seedlings are left outside all night.

For further cultivation in open ground Pansies are planted according to the standard scheme. Between plants leave from 15 to 20 cm. The place is chosen well-lit, but not in direct sunlight. You can grow pansies under the canopy of trees so that the bushes are covered at noon.

The soil for pansies is prepared in advance. Enriched with organic matter and dug up. The main thing is that the earth is loose and breathable.

Important! When planting in the ground, the root neck of the plant is buried by 1 cm.

Diseases and pests of seedlings

Improper cultivation of Pansies from seeds leads to seedling diseases.

1. Root and stem rot.
2. Powdery mildew.
3. Yellow and brown leaf spot.

Weakened plants are attacked by aphids, mites, thrips. At the first signs of the disease, the bushes are treated with special preparations.

It is impossible to miss the rot of the roots and stems of the plant. The flower fades, even after watering it feels bad. The cause of the appearance is a fungus. In order to prevent pansies, they are sprayed with a solution of copper sulfate or other preparations containing copper.

When growing seedlings, you may encounter powdery mildew - a fungal disease with a characteristic white coating on leaves and shoots. To combat it, a solution of soda ash and soap is used. For 5 liters of water, use 25 g of soda and 5 g of liquid soap. Spraying is carried out every week.

Leaf spot is caused by a bacterial disease. It is manifested by characteristic spots of different sizes. For the fight apply fungicides of complex action.

Conclusion

Growing Pansies from seeds in the middle of winter allows you to enjoy the beauty of your favorite flowers all season long. Caring for plants is easy, just follow all the recommendations.

Viola can be sown immediately in open ground, but it is often grown through seedlings. Sowing at home or in a greenhouse allows you to carefully care for each seedling, which means that fewer seedlings die, which saves seeds. This is important if you have few seeds - for example, you bought a beautiful expensive variety. Also, pansies are sown on seedlings when they want to get abundant flowering in the very first summer. For example, when growing viola in balcony boxes and in flowerpots, it is necessary that it bloom magnificently already in the year of sowing, which means that it must be sown earlier than in open ground.

When to sow pansies for seedlings
The term for sowing viola for seedlings in the middle lane is from March 1 to March 10.

Soil mix for viola Land mix for sowing can be used ready-made, bought in a store. In order for the roots of seedlings to develop better, add a little washed sand to the purchased soil. You can prepare the soil for viola seedlings yourself. Mix equal amounts of turf or garden soil, peat, humus and sand. Mix the mixture and sift. So that the seedlings are not affected by the black leg, steam the prepared mixture in a double boiler for an hour. Steaming will destroy not only pathogens, but also weed seeds.

Fill a sowing dish with moist potting soil and compact lightly. Spread the viola seeds evenly over the surface of the soil. The easiest way to do this is with a small piece of paper.

You need to water the crops with a fine sprayer. Moisten the surface of the soil thoroughly.

Cover the bowl with glass or place it in a clean plastic bag.

Pansy seeds sprout best in the dark, so place the bowl in a warm, dark place. At a temperature of +22°C, viola sprouts appear 7-10 days after sowing. After the emergence of seedlings, place the bowl in a sunny place.

Make sure that the soil remains moderately moist all the time, and drops after watering do not remain on the leaves. Remove the cover a week after germination.

Viola seedling picking When the seedlings of pansies have 2 true leaves, it's time to dive.

Viola can be dived into a box according to the 5x5 cm scheme, as it tolerates transplantation well at almost any stage of development, even during flowering. But such seedlings after planting in the ground will require more attention, because when planting from a box, the roots are damaged in plants, and they need to recover. If you have enough space on the windowsill at home, then it is better to dive pansies into separate pots.

The composition of the soil for picking is the same as for sowing viola, only there is no need to sift and steam the soil. Add 1 tablespoon of mineral fertilizer (Nitrophoska, Azofoska) to the soil mixture per 2 liters of the mixture. Mix well. Fill her pots and compact a little. Plant pansy seedlings, one in each pot. When planting, make sure that the roots are freely placed in the hole and do not bend when it is backfilled.

If the roots do not fit in the hole, then pinch them. Seedlings that are too elongated when picking deepen to cotyledon leaves. Compact the soil around each seedling.

Water carefully.

Start watering from the edge of the pot. If, as a result of watering, the soil has settled heavily, it can be added, but do not fall asleep at the same time cotyledon leaves.

Put the seedlings in a bright place. It is enough to maintain the temperature at the level of +15…+17. Keep track of soil moisture. You need to feed the viola once every two weeks with a solution of mineral fertilizers for seedlings. With the onset of warm weather, seedlings can be placed in a greenhouse, greenhouse or on a balcony: where the temperature will not fall below 0 ° C. If you do not have such an opportunity, then 2 weeks before planting in a permanent place, start hardening the seedlings, gradually accustoming it to the open air. In warm weather, plant pots of pansy seedlings in partial shade to avoid leaf scorch.
With proper care, by the end of May, the viola blooms and is ready for planting in a permanent place.

Planting a viola in the ground

The soil for planting a viola does not have to be fertile, but it is important that it is loose and breathable. Any cultivated garden soil will do. If the soil in your area is clayey and heavy, then fill it with peat and sand and apply a complete mineral fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at the rate of 30-40 g per 1 sq. M. Dig well.

The scheme of planting a viola in a flower garden is 20 x 20 cm. If you plant flowers in one row, then the distance between plants can be reduced to 15 cm. Seedlings of pansies are planted in holes with a slight (about 1 cm) deepening of the root collar.

Water the seedlings well after planting.

Further care consists in regular feeding, loosening and watering.

With a lack of moisture, the viola quickly finishes flowering, so the soil must be constantly kept moist. In order for pansies to continue to bloom as long as possible, the set seeds must be removed in a timely manner, especially for plants planted in boxes and containers. Planted in the ground, viola gives self-sowing. Dried boxes crack and shoot seeds for some distance, so the next year after planting, flowering viola can be found in the most unexpected places.

When the viola bushes fade, cut them off, leaving 4-5 cm. After 2-3 weeks, new shoots form from sleeping buds and flowering will resume, it will be especially plentiful next spring.

Pansies, which can be grown at home, rightfully occupy a leading place among the early flowers. There is a huge variety of colors - from white, pale pink, to maroon.

The big advantages of plants are early flowering, unpretentiousness, frost resistance, simple breeding process, ease of care.

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Description of pansies

The correct name for this herbaceous plant is viola. In Ukrainian speech, you can hear another name - brothers, due to the fact that the flowers are very similar to each other, but not identical.

The original variety of viola has a bright blue color. Today there are more than 500 types of pansies. Often they have a very rich two-tone color - the petals of the same color contrast with a brighter and darker core.

Flower growers highly appreciate pansies for the abundance of varieties and variety of colors, thanks to which you can create a wide variety of compositions and harmoniously combine flowers with other types of decorative flora.

Flowers are most widespread in temperate latitudes, but despite this, pansies grow well in the subtropics. Climatic conditions make it possible to grow a perennial plant, but the most common varieties that delight with their lush flowering for two years, after which flower growers plant young plants.

Today, the flower has three most popular varieties:

• Violet Wittrock;
• Norichnikovye;
• Tricolor violet.

Selection work, carried out for more than a dozen years, has made it possible to obtain all kinds of hybrids of this plant, resistant to high temperatures and not stopping flowering throughout the season.

Flowers grow up to 30 centimeters long. Inflorescences have the form of a decorative violet. Among other features of the plant - a fibrous root system, an upright main shoot. Bushes of young pansies have a compost shape and then become sprawling. In the Russian climate, flowering begins in mid-April and can last until the end of summer.

Viola daily care

Caring for pansies does not take much effort. It is very important to choose the right place where the flowers will grow. To grow a strong, healthy plant, you need to plant it in lightly shaded places where the bright sun will fall for several hours a day. The flower will hurt in too shady areas of the garden. The same can be said about hot, sunny glades.

Watering is done depending on the degree of soil moisture. On rainy days, additional moistening of the substrate is not required. In the hot summer time, it is necessary to water the flowers once every two to three days. It is important that moisture does not stagnate in the soil, otherwise it can lead to rotting of the root system. The size and number of inflorescences depend on proper watering - with insufficient moisture, they decrease in size and become unhealthy.

Proper care, incl. watering, allows you to achieve continuous flowering throughout the summer season.

When breeding flowers at home, the need for mineral dressing occurs infrequently. Pansies, unlike other ornamental flora, feel good in fertile soil and without top dressing. Excess nitrogen fertilizer can harm the flower, promote the development of fungal diseases, especially in conditions of high humidity.

https://youtu.be/XBslw6LbDSA

Care provides for the timely seating of adult plants. Ideally, the distance between two bushes should be about 10 - 20 centimeters. Dense growth can lead to stagnation of moisture in the soil and the spread of the rotting process. To grow a beautiful flower, it is better to immediately provide for the correct distance when planting it.

Growing pansies from seeds

Flowers must be planted in soil with good drainage so that the plant feels good and does not grow in conditions of moisture accumulation. You can grow pansies from seeds or green cuttings. The most inexpensive way would be to independently grow seedlings for their further planting in the soil.

To grow seedlings from seeds, it is necessary to plant the plant in specially treated soil in an open area, or in a special nursery. Caring for the first sprouts is not laborious - it is enough to water and loosen the soil between young shoots in a timely manner. From the time of planting the seeds in the soil until the seedlings grow, 6-14 days pass.

Young shoots must be immediately planted in the place where the plant will overwinter. You can’t wait long, otherwise the young shoots grown from seeds will take root and grow, which will negatively affect the flowering of pansies in the future.

Properly planted flowers will delight you with lush blooms next season. In cold spring conditions, plants can be covered with a transparent film. In addition to maintaining a comfortable temperature during the cold season, no additional care is required for the flowers.

Vegetative propagation of flowers

When buying seeds, there is never an exact guarantee that they will grow into a plant with exactly the characteristics indicated on the package. Poor quality seeds may not germinate at all, or give weak shoots unsuitable for further picking and planting. From this side, the vegetative method of reproduction is more reliable. It guarantees the preservation of a pure variety of pansies.

To grow a flower vegetatively, it is necessary to choose strong, healthy cuttings that have 2 to 3 nodes. The most suitable period for such a procedure would be from May to July. Such shoots should be planted very tightly so that the leaves are in contact with each other - up to 400 plants can be planted per 1 square meter. After the procedure, it is necessary to irrigate the cuttings with water using a spray bottle.

Care for planted cuttings consists in thinning cuttings, timely watering and protection from negative environmental factors.

You can cover the plants with paper soaked in water to create a favorable microclimate. Rooting usually occurs a month after planting. The flowering of young plants comes closer to autumn, provided that they were planted no later than the first half of June. In October, it is better to transplant the cuttings to the place where pansies will overwinter. Full flowering occurs the next year.

The vegetative method allows you to rejuvenate old plants. In the third year of life, pansies grow at the expense of flowering, so this “rejuvenation” allows you to achieve lush flowering of those varieties that already grow in your garden. Unlike seed propagation, planting cuttings allows you to get more plants. One mother plant can produce up to 45 cuttings per season.

Caring for pansies is not too time-consuming and complicated. It is enough to choose the right place for the growth of flowers and timely water. The flower can be grown from seeds or cuttings obtained from the mother plant. Subject to these rules, the viola will delight with lush and bright flowering throughout the summer.

Pansies are charming and unpretentious. Decorate plots, balconies, city streets and parks. Their delicate petals and cheerful colors create a romantic mood. They belong to the violet family, in Latin they are called Viola (Viola).

These perennial herbaceous plants have many informal names: Ivan da Marya, scrofula, three-flowered, brothers, semi-flower, moth. In this publication, we will look at how to grow pansies from seeds, find out what kind of care a plant requires, and also when to plant it.

Pansies - growing from seeds

Varieties

Two types are best known:

1. Violet multicolored with small flowers. In colors, yellow is combined with purple or blue. It reaches a height of 30-45 cm. This type of violet is used in medicine for the manufacture of medicines.
2. Wittrock violet, which includes all hybrid varieties. They do not exceed 30 cm. In total, more than 400 species of viola grow on Earth, approximately 250 species have been “domesticated”.

There are many different varieties of pansies.

The classification is based on different bases:

1. Flower sizes (small: up to 4 cm; large: 4-6 cm; giant: from 6 cm).
2. The number of shades in the color (monochrome: one color with thin stripes or specks; two-color: the lower and upper petals have a different color; spotted: stand out in sharp contrasts).
3. The height of the bush (it ranges from 10 to 30 cm).
4. The shape of the edge of the petal (smooth or wavy).

Pansies are grown. as annuals and biennials. It makes no sense to keep the perennial longer - in the third year the flowers become smaller, the viola grows. Water once a week, during the rainy season - as needed.

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Reproduction methods

1. If you want to preserve all the properties of a varietal hybrid, cuttings are used. Green cuttings with 2-3 internodes are cut at the beginning of summer and planted in a prepared bed to a depth of half a centimeter. They create additional humidity: shade and cover with moistened paper. Systematically watered, irrigated and weeded. After 4 weeks, 95% of the cuttings will take root.
2. The division of the bush is least often used, and only in a perennial culture. The bush is divided into several inflorescences and each is planted in a separate hole. Sprinkle, water and crush the soil.
3. Propagation by seeds at home and in open ground.

The latter method requires more detailed consideration.

Sowing dates

Pansies begin to bloom 60-70 days after sowing. Planting dates are calculated based on the desired flowering time:

The appearance of the first shoots

1. If it is necessary that pansies decorate the flower bed this summer, then the seeds for seedlings are planted in February-March of the same year. Part of the seedlings can be planted not in the garden, but in pots or balcony boxes.
2. When flowering is required already in early spring, the seeds are sown in late summer or autumn, so they will take root in winter and grow.
3. If flowering is desirable in late summer or September, the seeds are sown immediately in open ground in May and early June.

As the flowering fades, old buds should be removed. This will prolong the flowering period and preserve the viola's decorative effect. Pinching is recommended to stimulate the development of side shoots. This will increase the number of flowers on the bush.

Collection and preparation of seeds

The peculiarity of pansies is that they cross-pollinate. At the same time, the flowers become smaller and change color, lose specific features. Therefore, the growth of fallen seeds is not able to become the pride of the garden. To obtain decent seed material, it is necessary to maintain a large distance between varieties. Select the seed pods of the strongest plants. They are carefully collected when the color of the boxes changes to yellow, and dried.

Before planting, seeds can be treated with growth accelerators. This will increase their resistance to disease. For pre-soaking, Epin and Zircon have proven themselves well.

Sowing seeds

The optimum temperature in the first week after sowing is 20 degrees Celsius. When sown in open ground, flowering is expected next year. After all, the bushes need time to get stronger. If the bed is in a nursery, after a week, at most after 10 days, shoots can be expected.

seedlings of pansies

You can also sow in special containers. There are no packaging requirements at this stage. Can be used:

• plastic and wooden boxes;
• special trays for seedlings;
• cardboard and peat cups;
• peat tablets;
• disposable plastic cups;
• containers made by hand from plastic bottles, juice cartons or other food products.

Thin grooves are made in the soil, into which pansy seeds are evenly spread. Then they are covered with moistened soil. The box is placed in a dark place, covered with glass or polyethylene. From time to time, the boxes ventilate and moisten the substrate. Seedlings will appear within a week and a half.

Seedling care

When the seedlings hatch, the boxes are moved to a sunny (south) window. Monitor soil moisture. It is important to avoid stagnant moisture, pansies do not tolerate it. Waterlogging causes black leg disease. A week after moving, the shelter is removed from the box.

Viola needs a long daylight hours (up to 15 hours). With a short daylight hours, it stretches. This can be easily avoided if the seedlings are illuminated with special fitolamps or LED lamps.

Plants can be transplanted only after the appearance of leaves. About 8-9 days before planting, the boxes are taken out into open sunlight for hardening. It can be a balcony or a veranda, and from April - a street (at a temperature not lower than 10 ° C).

Types and terms of work when growing viola

picking

When the first pair of true leaves appear on the sprouts, you can start picking. Pansies tend to take root well. Even flowering bushes are transplanted. It is not necessary to shake the soil from the roots - the landing will go smoothly while maintaining an earthen clod. When picking, pinch the central root for better root formation.

The sprouts are transplanted immediately to a permanent place - in a flower pot, in a flower bed. A distance of about 20 cm is maintained between plants, so that the bushes have room to grow. It is necessary to ensure that the levels of the soil and the earthen coma coincide. Then there will be no decay or overdrying of the roots.

Seedling picking

If the seedlings are too stretched due to lack of light, they will have to be deepened to the cotyledon leaves. The holes should be of such a size that the roots in them do not bend. If they still do not fit, the tips of the roots can be pinched. After powdering the roots with soil, it is moistened and crushed.

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Planting is not done in bright sun. Days 20 after sowing, the viola can be fed with nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium. These substances will increase the growth rate of young bushes.

The soil

Violas do not like rocky, sandy and dry soil. The acidity level needs to be neutral. Soil for containers can be bought or made independently. Mix in equal proportions:

• peat;
• sod land;
• sand;
• humus.

The resulting substrate is sieved and steamed for disinfection. Before planting on the site, it is desirable to fertilize the soil with mineral fertilizer. Nitrophoska and Azofoska are suitable at the rate of 1 tablespoon per 2 liters of soil. If the soil is acidic, lime must be applied.

Important! Manure for pansies is contraindicated.

Wintering

In order to avoid disease with the black leg of pansies, they are not placed in lowlands where excess moisture can accumulate. In relation to light, the plant is quite photophilous, but not tropical. Therefore, in the south, it is recommended to choose slightly darkened places in order to prevent burns and leaf lethargy in the midday heat.

In central Russia, the viola growing in the shade gradually degenerates. The flowers are crushed, the rich color is lost, the stems are stretched and turn pale. Therefore, pansies are placed in flower beds that fall under the sun's rays for at least 6 hours daily.

Transplanting seedlings in open ground

Anyutki love oxygen, respond well to loosening. For the winter, biennial bushes are covered with spruce branches, straw or fallen leaves. In the event of an early thaw, there is a risk of water stagnation and freezing during night frosts. To avoid this, a shallow trench is dug along the beds to drain the water that has melted during the day.

In the article, the reader learned what pansies are, how to grow them from seeds, and when to plant the plant correctly.

How to grow pansies. Website Garden World»

Pansies are a very beautiful and unpretentious variety of flowers, which is also called tricolor violet or Viola, and among the people - Ivan da Marya. You can decorate a garden plot with it quite early - in the first fine May days.
Pansies love growing from seeds when planting experienced gardeners are also easy to determine. To do this, the date of landing in the open ground is planned (in accordance with the lunar calendars or according to the weather forecast), and approximately 90 days are taken away from it. At this point, you need to plant flower seeds at home.

Why is it best to germinate these types of violets at home? Because, firstly, like few other plants, they are surprisingly easy to transplant. Even if the roots are damaged (which is not very rare when planting in open ground), the sprout still quickly recovers. Secondly, the flower quickly begins to bloom and delight others with beauty. And in some cases, when seedlings are bought (or grown on their own) already blooming, then there is no need to wait for the formation of inflorescences.

How to plant seedlings at home

Basically, tricolor violet is used to decorate garden plots, vegetable gardens, flower beds. She feels good at home, on balconies and verandas.

There are both annual forms of these flowers, and perennial. Today, many hybrid forms have been bred, which differ from each other in colors and inflorescence forms. Annual species are the most popular, as they require less attention, but at the same time bloom profusely and beautifully.

There are also varieties of different forms of growth. Some representatives of Pansies spread densely along the surface of the earth, while others form into beautiful, regular bushes with large but rare flowers.
In horticulture, methods of growing pansies from seeds are very popular. You can buy them in many specialized stores, because they are often in good demand and are readily sold. The seedling method of growing does not require large expenses, since any seeds are cheaper than a sprout that has already germinated and is ready for planting.

Usually in central Russia they start landing in early March. The interval from 1 to 10 is well suited for this purpose. With normal development, the flower will be ready to move to open areas in late May - early summer. The weather will be warm by then, so flowering will continue for a long time.

However, some gardeners who prefer to sell ready-made seedlings may start sowing in January-February or even at the end of December. Of course, they are forced to use artificial lighting and prevent temperature fluctuations in the place where the seedlings grow. But on the other hand, in the spring they can already sell fully formed and ready-to-plant bushes of tricolor violets, which in some cases even bloom. By the way, these flowers can be transplanted fearlessly even in a state of flowering.

Pansies are not very demanding on the ground. It is only important that the earth is sufficiently loose and easily breathable. The temperature regime for seeds is quite suitable for the one that is maintained in the room in the usual state. Watering also does not require any special skills. So, for sure, even a novice amateur gardener will cope with growing seedlings of these wonderful flowers.

Preparing the container and soil for the tricolor violet

Pansy seeds can be sown both in purchased soil, and you can prepare the base yourself. In general, a lot depends on the number of seeds that you plan to grow.

If there are few flowers, then you can limit yourself to buying ready-made soil or use modern and very popular peat tablets. By the way, they absorb moisture well and retain it for a long time, because of this they are ideal for growing all garden crops for seedlings.

If there are a lot of seeds, then it would be a good idea to save some money and prepare the basis for the soil on your own. This does not require much effort. It is enough to collect ordinary earth from your site, add sand and a little peat there, so that the resulting mixture has sufficient air permeability. You can add a little humus for fertility. In order to protect seedlings, gardeners advise steaming the resulting soil for about an hour. This will destroy weed seeds that may be in the soil and kill pest larvae and pathogens.

Another soil mixture is garden soil and compost mixed in the same proportion. Such soil is harvested most often from autumn, and in early spring they are distributed in pots or other utensils prepared for seedlings. The mixture is allowed to stand for a day, moisturize and proceed to planting.

Any containers for tricolor violets will do. You can use both small cups and plant a little seed in them, as well as wide pallets. It is only necessary to moisten the soil well and tamp.

There are two ways to plant seeds in a container:

1. At the first, the seeds are simply scattered evenly over the area of ​​the seedling dish. Since the seeds are small, for convenience, you can pour them onto a sheet of paper and carefully pour them onto the ground. Pansies do not like light at first, so the seedlings are covered and placed in a warm place where the temperature should be around 20-22 degrees Celsius. Every day, you should open a small greenhouse for 10-15 minutes and let the plantation breathe.
2. In the second method, which is no less popular, shallow furrows are made in pots (less than a centimeter deep). Between the beds maintain a distance of 1-2 centimeters. Then the seeds are planted at small intervals (also 1-2 centimeters between them). Gently sprinkle with earth on top and cover with a lid or a transparent bag on top. With this method, it is not necessary to leave the dishes in a dark place: the seeds are already covered with soil.

Watering the greenhouse must be done very carefully. It is best to use a fine-grained spray gun for this purpose. It is important not to flood the soil. An experienced gardener understands the thin line between overdried soil and flooded soil easily.

Sometimes it is best not to water at all, but to moisten the soil in pots from time to time. However, Pansies are a rather patient flower, so you need to try hard to ruin it.

Usually the first shoots appear in about a week or two. However, today it is not uncommon for low-quality seeds that do not germinate at all. Or, plants are often found on sale that lie for a long time and are stored incorrectly. Then shoots may appear later - up to a month from the moment of planting.

Care, diseases and pests of seedlings

Pansies should be supervised periodically, but do not require constant monitoring. More precisely, it can be said that at the first stages it is important not to delay the need to remove the lid or bag from the seedlings when the first shoots appear. Since with the advent of the first green sprouts, you need to open the greenhouse and provide access to sunlight.

Attention! In fact, sunlight is essential for all types of plants. Of course, Pansies are no exception to the rule. But the conditions of central Russia (and, even more so, the northern regions of the country) in March and April cannot give enough natural light.

As a rule, at the beginning of spring, the sun sets quite early, so at first it is possible to organize artificial lighting of the sprouts. For this, fluorescent lamps are most often used. As a rule, for proper growth, it is enough to make about 16 hours of daylight hours. It may not be so long to “light up” the plants, but remember that less than 12 hours of light for sprouts will delay their development and, as expected, will move the timing of transplanting into open ground.

Watering seedlings is best from a spray bottle. But it is done carefully. If small drops of water fall on the leaves, then they must be carefully removed.

After the sprouts have two formed leaves, then you need to dive seedlings. As noted, the seeds of Pansies are small, so plants can spawn close together. They must be transplanted into small pots as soon as they are ready for this. In size, cups measuring 5x5 centimeters are quite suitable.

Before picking, it is necessary to prepare the future soil for the flower. It is best to use the same soil that was used for seedlings. For every two liters of volume, add a tablespoon of fertilizers rich in minerals for growth (well-known preparations like Nitrophoska, Azofoska are well suited). By the way, this time there is no need to calcine the soil mixture or sift it.

Each sprout is planted in its own pot. In the process of working with seedlings, try to be careful with the root system. It is still poorly formed, and if it is damaged, then the growth of flowers can be inhibited. However, in case of urgent need, when the root has formed very large and branched so much that it does not fit in the hole, you will have to shorten it a little. This is much better than trying to wrap the root system.

It is better to sprinkle the plants almost to the very first leaves. The soil is compacted a little so that the seedlings sit tight. After you can water the sprouts. If using a watering can, then pour water around the edge of the pot. Add a little soil if necessary.

On this, perhaps, the picking ends. The ambient temperature sufficient for normal growth is recommended within 15-17 degrees. Then you only need to water and make sure that you feed the sprouts every two weeks. In addition to applying liquid mineral fertilizers, top dressing diluted in water for irrigation will be a good help. For 3 liters, it is enough to dilute 1 tablespoon. It is better to apply with a sprayer so as to get on the green mass. Wipe off excess drops from the leaves.

When the weather is warm outside, and the night frosts are over, you can take the seedlings to fresh air. The main thing is not to let drafts walk freely on the tops of fragile flowers at first.

And about two weeks before you plan to land on open ground, start taking out the dishes with seedlings on the street. At first, 1-2 hours daily will be enough for such “walks”. But each time you need to increase their duration. Right before planting, it is in the order of things to leave seedlings in pots on the street and overnight.

An important condition that should not be neglected is to put Pansies in a shady place. Direct sunlight can burn the leaves.

Diseases and pests

Of course, if you do not look for some factors, then Pansies can be affected by viruses or pests, the same ones that are detrimental to many other representatives of the flora.

Quite rarely, powdery mildew or rust is found on tricolor violets. When the first virus is affected, a whitish coating appears on the entire green mass of the plant. At the second - yellow specks. In both cases, it is necessary, firstly, to get rid of the affected areas by carefully cutting them off. Secondly, treat the entire sprout with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture.

Mature plants in case of severe waterlogging can become ill with serious diseases. One of them is rot, which appears both on the roots and on the visible, above-ground part of the flowers. It is expressed by the appearance of brownish spots, the gradual withering of Pansies. The only way out is to remove affected flowers to protect healthy ones. After it is important to reduce watering.

Of the insect pests, you can most often encounter aphids, slugs and spider mites. Basically, they harm the greenery of flowers, gnaw through holes, interfere with full and rapid development, and spoil the appearance.

Some of them are hard to deal with. Especially against slugs that feed on foliage at night. To combat them, boards are laid next to the flower garden and individuals are manually collected every morning. After they destroy. Ladybugs, which can be populated on flowers, effectively fight aphids.

In dry weather, a white light cobweb may appear on the leaves. On it, with magnification or even with the naked eye with acute vision, you can see small spiders. The best way to deal with spider mites is by frequent spraying with plain water or a solution of water with laundry soap or loose tobacco. If nothing helps, then they resort to insecticide treatment (for example, Fufanon solution at the dosage prescribed by the manufacturer).

Preparing the garden for planting

No special preparation is required. The soil in your garden may not even be very fertile. The only thing is, if the soil is very clayey, then it is better to add a little sand or peat to ensure sufficient air permeability.

It will not be superfluous to feed. To do this, you can use nitrogen-containing, as well as phosphorus or potash fertilizers. The main thing is not to mix everything together, but to choose one thing. Or wait a break between different top dressings for at least a week. Sprouts are planted at a distance of 15-20 centimeters from each other. After all the procedures and sprinkling with earth, pour the soil abundantly.

All further care for the beds will consist of periodic feeding, fairly frequent loosening (since the flower loves porous soil) and watering. For top dressing in open areas, liquid fertilizers are quite enough, which can be applied along with water (kemira is widespread).

Pansies do not like to go hungry without water, so one of the key features of long and abundant flowering is regular, but not excessive watering. If you have a perennial plant, then after it fades, cut the bushes, leaving 4-5 centimeters of the stem. The following year, this bush will again give an ovary and will bloom. Many experienced gardeners also advise timely pinching off those inflorescences that have withered and faded. Then new buds will appear faster in their place, and flowering will last.

At the end of the season, cracked boxes can be found on Pansies, in which the seeds ripened. This means that next year you can find these beautiful, self-grown flowers in different parts of your garden.

Conclusion

Sooner or later, any gardener wakes up with an acute desire not only to grow a good, rich crop on his site for food in the winter. With the advent of experience, I want to make my site more beautiful, neater, more elegant. And there is little else that can compare with when resorting to professional flower growing.

Probably, there is nothing easier than to start with breeding violets - easy to care for, not very demanding on environmental conditions and special, close attention to themselves. Pansies or tricolor violets (as well as Ivan da Marya) are a flower that is easy to find on sale, and also quickly bred on your site. Therefore, when it comes time to plant Pansies for growing from seeds, do not miss this opportunity.

This business will definitely not cause much trouble, and when the time comes, your beds will be transformed and will delight you with beautiful flowering until autumn. Yes, and you will not need to take care of the plantings from morning to evening. In fact, just water on time.

In the future, the cultivation of Pansies will turn into an annual activity, because you can both plant perennials and independently collect seeds from the beds and year after year become the author of your own, unique flower arrangements.