3D panels: types and use in the interior
Currently, 3D panels are one of the newest building materials. They are square or rectangular elements of small thickness with three-dimensional patterns on the surface.
The panels can have a different relief, it can be an imitation of some building materials (for example, brick or stone), various three-dimensional patterns, or a whole panel that displays some kind of plot. They are made from several types of materials that have different properties and characteristics.
Materials for the manufacture of 3D panels
Aluminum. Panels from this metal are obtained by perforation. After the pattern is created, the product is covered with a polymer film. Such material has waterproof and fireproof qualities.
It can withstand large temperature fluctuations, can be located next to heating appliances, fireplaces and stoves. For the installation of such panels, a frame mount is used. Due to moisture resistance, they are often found in the kitchen and dining area.
Plastic (PVC) panels. They are made by casting material into molds. Due to the fluid properties of heated plastic, it is possible to create complex and small patterns on products. This material is waterproof, so it can be safely used in rooms with excessive humidity (bathrooms, swimming pools).
These panels are lightweight and easy to maintain. But the disadvantage is low strength, and they should not be installed near heating devices and sources of open fire. At high temperatures, the panels begin to melt and release harmful substances.
MDF. To create such panels, wood chips and resin are used, which are pressed at high temperature until a dense material is obtained. The relief on the MDF panel is an imprint of the mold.
The front layer of products is covered with plastic or enamel of various colors. The joints of such panels are subject to the destructive effect of water, so their use is desirable in dry and ventilated rooms. Elements are mounted using rails and fasteners.
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Tree. Solid wood panels are small rectangular and square elements of different thicknesses. Depending on the idea, they can be of different sizes.
After laying them on the wall, an interesting three-dimensional effect is created. The color and pattern of wood panels depends on the type of wood. More often, ash, oak, maple, beech, wenge, walnut and teak are used for wall decoration.
Lacquer, paint or wax is applied to the front side of the panel, which serve not only for decorative purposes, but also for practical ones. The covering protects a tree from influence of moisture and differences of temperatures. The main advantage of wood panels is environmental friendliness. And the disadvantages include the severity of the design and the combustibility of the material. Installation is carried out on a hard, smooth surface using a special adhesive.
Gypsum. Panels are obtained by pouring the solution into special molds. Gypsum is a natural mineral, so it is completely safe. It can be used near heating appliances, as it is resistant to elevated temperatures and is not flammable. But it is advisable not to use this material in rooms with excessive humidity, since in such conditions it is prone to rapid destruction.
Gypsum panels are convenient for creating a single seamless panel. To do this, the gaps between the elements are puttied, the seams are sanded, the surface is primed and only then they start painting.
For coloring, a paint sprayer, brush or roller is used, it depends on the complexity of the pattern. The panels themselves are attached to the wall with glue; often, dowel-nails are additionally used for reliability.
Like any other finishing material, 3D panels have their advantages and disadvantages:
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pros
1. 3D panel materials are durable under proper usage conditions.
2. Easy cleaning. You just need to wipe it with a damp cloth.
3. Wide choice of panel reliefs.
4. The right choice of pattern can visually improve the geometry of the interior.
5. Due to the variety of materials, it can also be used in rooms with excessive humidity.
6. Some manufacturers have the opportunity to make an individual relief to order.
Minuses
1. Not suitable for small spaces, as they make the interior heavier and visually reduce.
2. To create a monolithic surface without seams, a lot of time is required during installation.
3. Regular cleaning of dust that accumulates on the protruding elements of the panels.
4. High cost.
Interior design with 3D panels
General use
Even in ancient times, the interior of buildings was loved to be decorated with various three-dimensional images - bas-reliefs. However, if earlier people, animals and landscapes were depicted on them, now various ornaments and imitations are used: waves, bricks, floral patterns and much more.
