Kvd 1 appointment. Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology. Help Desk Phone
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STIs)
are infections that are passed from one person to another through sexual contact.
There are over 20 types of sexually transmitted infections. Of these, the most common are: syphilis, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, mycoureaplasmosis, herpes, etc.
STIs are transmitted through all types of sexual contact, since many pathogens can exist not only in the genitourinary organs, but also in the mouth, pharynx, rectum, eyes, etc.
There may be no external manifestations of STIs, or these manifestations may be extremely minor, imperceptible. Without treatment, the infectious process takes a chronic course and therefore, the sooner you see a doctor, the more likely it is to avoid complications. With STIs, there can be no self-healing! It is also possible for many STIs to be transmitted from a sick mother to her child. HIV (AIDS), syphilis are transmitted not only sexually, but also through the blood. AIDS is currently an incurable, fatal disease.
Only a dermatovenereologist can answer the question whether you have contracted an STI or not, having made special tests.
STD manifestations.
- - Itching in the genital area;
- - Burning in the genital area;
- - Erosions and ulcers in the genital area;
- - Unusual discharge from the genitals and anus;
- - Frequent, painful urination.
But you should know that STDs do not always have external manifestations. Therefore, if you have reason to believe that you may have contracted an STI (multiple sex partners, casual sex, a new sexual partner, etc.), you should immediately contact a specialist doctor.
Syphilis
The main route of infection is sexual contact without a condom (infection is possible with all types of sexual contact!). Syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum.
It should be remembered that this microorganism can affect not only the genitals, but also the oral cavity, lips, rectum, skin, etc. Where pale treponema has entered the body, an ulcer (hard chancre) will appear in 3-4 weeks. These sores are painless but highly contagious. Over time, they disappear, but the pathogen remains in the body. Later, in the absence of treatment for syphilis, specks and nodules may appear on the skin and mucous membranes, hair loss, damage to the nervous system, and internal organs are possible.
During pregnancy, the disease affects the fetus, so a pregnant (sick) woman is at risk of miscarriage, the birth of a sick or dead child.
Children are usually infected in a non-sexual (domestic) way. If infected parents do not follow the rules of personal hygiene: use a common towel, eat with one spoon, lick his nipple, etc.
Gonorrhea
Called gonococcus. The main route of infection is sexual contact without a condom. Gonococcus affects not only the genitourinary organs, but also the rectum, the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and pharynx, and the eyes.
After infection, manifestations begin after 3-7 days. There are swelling and purulent yellow-green discharge from the urethra and / or vagina in women, pain when urinating. In addition, there may be pain in the lower abdomen in women and in the scrotum in men.
If treatment is not started on time, then after 10-14 days the symptoms disappear. This means that the disease has become chronic. Any chronic disease has exacerbations, so all the symptoms can reappear.
Parents can infect children with gross non-observance of personal hygiene rules, as well as during childbirth.
If left untreated, gonorrhea can lead to infertility.
Chlamydia
It is caused by special bacteria - chlamydia. The main route of infection is sexual contact without a condom. Chlamydia affects the genitourinary organs, intestines, respiratory organs, eyes.
When infected, there are practically no symptoms. There may be a scanty, clear, mucous discharge that resembles glue.
Chlamydia leads to infertility in both men and women, and is a common cause of miscarriage.
A pregnant woman can transmit the disease to her child, which leads to pneumonia, inflammation of the eyes, and in girls - to congenital chlamydia of the genitourinary organs.
Trichomoniasis
Herpes
It is caused by the herpes simplex virus, which can equally well appear both in the genital area and on the lips.Infection occurs once in a lifetime. After 1-2 days, less often after 10-20 days, small blisters appear, which quickly open, leaving painful wounds. Pain and burning sensation occurs when urinating, walking, sexual intercourse.
Bubbles and discomfort pass within 1-2 weeks, but the virus remains in the body for life, and, if the body's defenses are weakened, the disease will manifest itself again (in women, this is often associated with the menstrual cycle).
If an exacerbation of herpes occurs during pregnancy, then there is a possibility of a violation of the development of the fetus. If a woman has blisters on her genitals during childbirth, she can infect the baby.
Treatment is aimed at reducing pain and burning, preventing relapses.
Genital warts
Caused by the human papillomavirus.
Infection occurs sexually. On the mucous membrane of the genital organs and adjacent areas of the skin, warty growths of skin color appear, which quickly increase in size and quantity, gradually acquiring the appearance of a cauliflower, or remain flat, inconspicuous.
From the moment of infection, it takes from several weeks to 9 months. More often - 3 months.
In women, warts often grow into the vagina and only a doctor can detect them. Condylomas can be combined with cervical cancer.
In no case should you remove condylomas on your own. Treatment of genital warts includes taking medications, as well as special methods and means for their removal.
HIV infection. AIDS
Acquired immunodeficiency AIDS syndrome, which is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus - HIV.
The correct name for this disease is HIV infection. AIDS is its final stage.
HIV infects the cells of the human body that are designed to fight infections - the cells of the immune system.
HIV infection lasts from 1-2 to 10-15 years. During the latent (hidden period), a person may not suspect that he is infected. At this time, symptoms similar to a cold can be observed: temperature, swollen lymph nodes, fatigue.
Later, serious diseases occur that a person with a healthy immune system does not suffer from: pneumocystis pneumonia, Kaposi's sarcoma, etc.
Ways of infection:
- - Sexual;
- - Blood-to-blood (through blood products and used non-sterile needles and syringes);
- - Mother-child (during pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding);
Body fluids that contain a large amount of the virus and contact with which is dangerous: blood, semen, vaginal discharge, breast milk.
Non-hazardous secretions: sweat, urine, feces, tears, saliva, nasal discharge.
You can not get HIV through: doorknobs, common areas, dishes, food, mosquito and other insect bites, shower, bath, pool, handshake, caresses, hugs.
AIDS patients are safe at home!
Diagnostics
Immediately after becoming infected with HIV, the infection does not make itself felt, but if you suspect that you could become infected, it is worth getting tested. The analysis will be reliable in a month (since it is not HIV itself that is determined, but how the body reacted to it, i.e. antibodies). To be absolutely sure, it is necessary to repeat the analysis in 5-6 months.
Diagnosis and treatment of STIs
All STIs are infectious diseases. Currently, there are many methods for diagnosing and treating STIs. Do not try to treat STIs on your own, as improper treatment does not lead to recovery, but only causes complications!
DO NOT POSTPONE YOUR VISIT TO THE DOCTOR Wu!
STI prevention is protected sex .
You can decide to have only one partner and remain faithful to each other - this is the best way to protect against all sexual infections. If you decide to have sex without a condom, then before you have sexual intercourse, it is best to make sure that each other is healthy.
Protected sex - provides for all types of sexual protection that prevent infection with STIs.
The easiest and most reliable way to protect you from most STIs is to use a condom.
On the basis of the dispensary there is the Department of Dermatovenereology of the Medical Faculty of the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education of the Russian State Medical University of Roszdrav, which is headed by Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Professor Anna Alekseevna Kubanova.
Since 2009, Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Professor Yuri Konstansinovich Skripkin has been the honorary head of the department.
Contact number: ( 495) 954-53-97
The City Dispensary - Clinic was the forge of personnel of the Moscow City Dermatovenerological Service. Many talented, fruitful, managerial organizers of health care, honored chief physicians, widely erudite highly responsible heads of departments of specialized institutions, brilliant specialists - doctors of outpatient and inpatient medical facilities of a dermatovenereological profile - workers of the Moscow health care system, came out of the walls of the city KVD.
The revival of the dispensary on a new socio-economic basis will essentially be a renaissance of the entire capital's specialized service, which is especially important in the context of the extremely difficult epidemiological situation that has arisen.
The dispensary employs - 6 D.M.N.; 22 K.M.N.; 3 associate professors; 28 doctors of the highest category.
The dispensary has the following departments:
- Consultative polyclinic department , which provides consultations to the most difficult patients with skin and venereal diseases in terms of treatment and diagnostics in the areas of the Department of Internal Affairs of the city of Moscow. The departments provide modern diagnostics and treatment of benign and malignant tumors, including dermatoscopy, and their prevention.
- Dermatology and Venereology Department providing specialized assistance to the population of Moscow attached to the dispensary.
- City Mycological Center , designed to provide specialized consultative, diagnostic, treatment and preventive care both to the population attached to the dispensary and to patients referred from the Moscow Department of Internal Affairs.
- District Department of Compulsory Medical Examinations Central Administrative District of Moscow, conducting mandatory medical examinations of the decreed contingent.
- City Screening Clinical and Immunological Laboratory for the Diagnosis of HIV Infection was established among the first screening laboratories in Moscow in 1988. Equipped with modern automatic analyzers, it works on imported and domestic diagnostics. Serves 254 medical institutions in three administrative districts of the city of Moscow. By the number of screening tests for HIV and hepatitis (including hepatitis markers), this laboratory is the largest in the capital. The laboratory produces more than 5,000 tests per day.
- Clinical diagnostic laboratory The dispensary is equipped with the most modern imported equipment. It is staffed with highly qualified doctors and laboratory paramedics. Produces a full range of studies of the dermatovenereological profile, including modern methods for diagnosing syphilis (ELISA, RIF, RPGA). DNA diagnostics of sexually transmitted diseases, determination of allergological and immunological statuses, biochemical and clinical blood tests, etc.
- Physiotherapy department - complex treatment of patients with various dermatoses, using modern therapeutic methods
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STIs)
are infections that are passed from one person to another through sexual contact.
There are over 20 types of sexually transmitted infections. Of these, the most common are: syphilis, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, herpes, etc.
STIs are transmitted through all types of sexual contact, since many pathogens can exist not only in the genitourinary organs, but also in the mouth, pharynx, rectum, eyes, etc.
There may be no external manifestations of STIs, or these manifestations may be extremely minor, imperceptible. Without treatment, the infectious process takes a chronic course and therefore, the sooner you see a doctor, the more likely it is to avoid complications. With STIs, there can be no self-healing! It is also possible for many STIs to be transmitted from a sick mother to her child. HIV (AIDS), syphilis are transmitted not only sexually, but also through the blood. AIDS is currently an incurable, fatal disease.
Only a dermatovenereologist can answer the question whether you have contracted an STI or not, having made special tests.
STD manifestations.
Itching in the genital area;
Burning in the genital area;
Erosions and sores in the genital area;
Unusual discharge from the genitals and anus;
Frequent, painful urination.
But you should know that STDs do not always have external manifestations. Therefore, if you have reason to believe that you may have contracted an STI (multiple sex partners, casual sex, a new sexual partner, etc.), you should immediately contact a specialist doctor.
Syphilis
The main route of infection is sexual contact without a condom (infection is possible with all types of sexual contact!). Syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum.
It should be remembered that this microorganism can affect not only the genitals, but also the oral cavity, lips, rectum, skin, etc. Where pale treponema has entered the body, an ulcer (hard chancre) will appear in 3-4 weeks. These sores are painless but highly contagious. Over time, they disappear, but the pathogen remains in the body. Later, in the absence of treatment for syphilis, specks and nodules may appear on the skin and mucous membranes, hair loss, damage to the nervous system, and internal organs are possible.
During pregnancy, the disease affects the fetus, so a pregnant (sick) woman is at risk of miscarriage, the birth of a sick or dead child.
Children are usually infected in a non-sexual (domestic) way. If infected parents do not follow the rules of personal hygiene: use a common towel, eat with one spoon, lick his nipple, etc.
Gonorrhea
Called gonococcus. The main route of infection is sexual contact without a condom. Gonococcus affects not only the genitourinary organs, but also the rectum, the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and pharynx, and the eyes.
After infection, manifestations begin after 3-7 days. There are swelling and purulent yellow-green discharge from the urethra and / or vagina in women, pain when urinating. In addition, there may be pain in the lower abdomen in women and in the scrotum in men.
If treatment is not started on time, then after 10-14 days the symptoms disappear. This means that the disease has become chronic. Any chronic disease has exacerbations, so all the symptoms can reappear.
Parents can infect children with gross non-observance of personal hygiene rules, as well as during childbirth.
If left untreated, gonorrhea can lead to infertility.
Chlamydia
It is caused by a special bacteria - chlamydia. The main route of infection is sexual contact without a condom. Chlamydia affects the genitourinary organs, intestines, respiratory organs, eyes.
When infected, there are practically no symptoms. There may be a scanty, clear, mucous discharge that resembles glue.
Chlamydia leads to infertility in both men and women, and is a common cause of miscarriage.
A pregnant woman can transmit the disease to her child, which leads to pneumonia, inflammation of the eyes, and in girls - to congenital chlamydia of the genitourinary organs.
Trichomoniasis
The first signs of the disease appear within 4 days to 3 weeks after infection. Trichomoniasis is usually more pronounced in women. However, quite often it can occur without pronounced manifestations in both men and women.
There is severe itching and irritation in the perineum, abundant foamy discharge with an unpleasant odor.
Girls under 5 years old can be infected in everyday life with a gross violation of the rules of personal hygiene.
Herpes
It is caused by the herpes simplex virus, which can equally well appear both in the genital area and on the lips.
Infection occurs once in a lifetime. After 1-2 days, less often after 10-20 days, small blisters appear, which quickly open, leaving painful wounds. Pain and burning sensation occurs when urinating, walking, sexual intercourse.
Bubbles and discomfort pass within 1-2 weeks, but the virus remains in the body for life, and, if the body's defenses are weakened, the disease will manifest itself again (in women, this is often associated with the menstrual cycle).
If an exacerbation of herpes occurs during pregnancy, then there is a possibility of a violation of the development of the fetus. If a woman has blisters on her genitals during childbirth, she can infect the baby.
Treatment is aimed at reducing pain and burning, preventing relapses.
Genital warts
Caused by the human papillomavirus.
Infection occurs sexually. On the mucous membrane of the genital organs and adjacent areas of the skin, warty growths of skin color appear, which quickly increase in size and quantity, gradually acquiring the appearance of a cauliflower, or remain flat, inconspicuous.
From the moment of infection, it takes from several weeks to 9 months. More often - 3 months.
In women, warts often grow into the vagina and only a doctor can detect them. Condylomas can be combined with cervical cancer.
In no case should you remove condylomas on your own. Treatment of genital warts includes taking medications, as well as special methods and means for their removal.
HIV infection. AIDS
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
The correct name for this disease is HIV. AIDS is its final stage.
HIV infects the cells of the human body that are designed to fight infections - the cells of the immune system.
HIV infection lasts from 1-2 to 10-15 years. During the latent (hidden period), a person may not suspect that he is infected. At this time, symptoms similar to a cold can be observed: temperature, swollen lymph nodes, fatigue.
Later, serious diseases occur that a person with a healthy immune system does not suffer from: pneumocystis pneumonia, Kaposi's sarcoma, etc.
Ways of infection:
Sexual;
Blood-to-blood (through blood products and used non-sterile needles and syringes);
Mother-child (during pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding);
Body fluids that contain a large amount of the virus and contact with which is dangerous: blood, semen, vaginal discharge, breast milk.
Non-hazardous secretions: sweat, urine, feces, tears, saliva, nasal discharge.
You can not get HIV through: doorknobs, common areas, dishes, food, mosquito and other insect bites, shower, bath, pool, handshake, caresses, hugs.
AIDS patients are safe at home!
Diagnostics
Immediately after becoming infected with HIV, the infection does not make itself felt, but if you suspect that you could become infected, it is worth getting tested. The analysis will be reliable in a month (since it is not HIV itself that is determined, but how the body reacted to it, i.e. antibodies). To be absolutely sure, it is necessary to repeat the analysis in 5-6 months.
Diagnosis and treatment of STIs
All STIs are infectious diseases. Currently, there are many methods for diagnosing and treating STIs. Do not try to treat STIs on your own, as improper treatment does not lead to recovery, but only causes complications!
DO NOT POSTPONE YOUR VISIT TO THE DOCTOR Wu!
STI prevention is protected sex.
You can decide to have only one partner and remain faithful to each other - this is the best way to protect against all sexual infections. If you decide to have sex without a condom, then before you have sexual intercourse, it is best to make sure that each other is healthy.
Protected sex - provides all types of sexual protection that prevent infection with STIs.
The easiest and most reliable way to protect you from most STIs is to use a condom.
