The spelling rule is 2 n in adjectives. “Spelling -Н- and -НН- in various parts of speech. Spelling "n" and "nn" in adjectives derived from nouns
SPELLING H AND HH IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF SPEECH
S.G. ZELINSKAYA
DIDACTIC MATERIAL
Theoretical charge
1. When it is written in adjectives nn
?
2. Name the exceptions to these rules.
3. How to distinguish a verbal adjective with a suffix -n-
from communion with -nn-
?
4. What exceptions in the spelling of verbal adjectives do you know?
5. How to write suffixes with n
And nn
in short forms of adjectives and participles?
6. How much n
written in adverbs and nouns formed from adjectives and participles?
Exercises
1. Form adjectives from nouns and verbs according to the model:
leather– leather en th: sand, rye;
drum- drum n th: abuse, hurricane, pocket, fog, spring, manna, early;
clay– clay yang th: birch bark, water, tin, resin, wool, peat;
to knit– elm n th: tear, call, confuse, hew, forge, chew, cut, wash;
play around- Valya n th: winnow, solder, sow, shoot.
2. Form adjectives from these nouns, highlight the suffix.
Goose, mosquito, bee, lion, mouse, rooster, ant, nightingale, snake, guest, poplar, length, plain, antiquity, virgin lands, pig.
Infection, station, lecture, tradition, pension, exam, season, lemon, wormwood, string, desert, cast iron, crow, horse.
3. Form adjectives from nouns and verbs, select suffixes according to the model:
disease– diseases enn th.
Morning, dinner, life, thought, fire, letter, number, cranberry, straw, foliage, courage, fatherland, kinship, feeling.
enrage- besh en th.
Fell, iron, give, burn, heat, glue, boil, mow, fry, cut, injure, teach, layer.
4. Graphically explain the spelling n And nn in words:
coche n th meadow - nekoshe n oh, sloppy nn oy and koshe nn dewy meadow;
brighter nn th fence - painted - not more beautiful for a long time nn th - ugly n th;
netka n th tablecloth - fabric nn golden - weaving nn ah - a little nn and I;
wound n th warrior - wound nn th in battle - light wounded n th - early n s plow;
burn n th sugar - half burnt nn th manuscript - burn nn oh desert.
5. Conduct a selective dictation with an explanation. Write the words in two columns n And nn .
1) Old Mazai loves his lowland to passion (N. Nekrasov). 2) The road lay through a former rye field. 3) Spring entered the earth with a solemn march. 4) I was drawn to the stone buildings, where there was a smell of machine oil. 5) An early harsh winter dawn appeared through a deadly haze (A. Fadeev). 6) Neither a sledge nor an animal track was visible. 7) The sound of horse hooves was heard: they were taking the thief out of the stable n wow horse. 8) Village fenced n and the earth n shaft (L. Tolstoy). 9) Nastya was just as windy n but like her lady (A. Pushkin). 10) The night was calm nn and I.
6. Compose and write down a dictation of exception words for all cases of this topic.
7. Write off, form from these words using suffixes -ost-, -ny-, -eny- nouns, mark spellings.
8. Explain the spelling n And nn in words.
straight n hic, harder n ik, guests n ice cream n oh, travel nn ik, friend nn ik, kinship nn ik, mali nn ik, holy nn ik, brought up nn ik, uch n ik, foliage nn ita, ko nn egg, mane nn ik, ime n And nn hic, ple nn ik, put nn ik, hemp n ik, oil n hic, dry n ita, teacher n itza, puta n ita, celebration nn awn.
9. Rearrange the phrases to illustrate all possible spellings of participles.
Sample: touche n vegetables (non-common type, no dependent word, prefix); touche nn sown in a pot (c.s.); nettouche n s (prefix Not-
does not affect spelling) extinguish nn th vegetables (prefix).
Kova n th chest, heavier nn bricked barge, shooting n th sleeves, wound nn th in the shoulder, name nn th in honor, seche nn hail-covered fields nn th goods.
10. Explain the spelling n And nn , indicating the word from which the compound adjective is derived: broadleaf nn oh (foliage nn oh).
Illness nn o languid look, length nn handy yu n osha, straight n o-delicate aroma, after-dinner nn th dream, fresh frost n oh meat, fresh frozen nn th fruit, female n th carpet, baby n th jacket, highly artistic nn new taste, long-awaited newborn, short journey, new institution, narrow departmental interests, useful work to society.
11. From these verbs form passive participles with prefixes and verbal adjectives without prefixes.
Sample: whiten - bleached - bleached.
Knit, glue, smoke, break, wet, wear, plow, saw, weave, scare, tear, scratch, salt, dry, sharpen, paint.
12. Insert the missing letters, find words with suffixes, highlight the suffixes.
Kame_y, svin_oy, rya_y, frosty, autumn_y, long, y_y, weighty, ra_y, so_y, template_y, beto_y, oblique, straight, ruddy_y, tribal_y, guest, revolutionary, voro_y, poga_y.
13. From given words with the help of suffixes -nick-, -awn-, -ik- form, if possible, derivative words according to the model: related- kinship nn ik, kinship nn awn.
Authentic, modern, windy, charming, masculine, lowly, skilled, artificial, economic, strange.
14. Explain the difference in the spelling of cognate words.
1) All my friends are educated nn s. Commissions already formed n s.
2) The faces of the soldiers are stern and preoccupied nn s. We were more concerned n s offset.
3) The fees were organized nn O. organizing n o good food.
4) The wool is all tangled n but a kitten. This story is confusing nn and also unclear.
5) The sea is excited n about the storm. spoke excitedly nn oh hot.
15. Express dictation (in the 1st column, write down the numbers of words with n , in the 2nd - with nn ).
1) Stir nn th paints,
2) bestse nn oh thing,
3) more colorful nn th shops,
4) glade light n A,
5) fabric n th Pattern,
6) tourists accommodation n s,
7) the commission is formed n A,
8) blush n th faces,
9) svi n hams,
10) ugly n th fabric,
11) piss n ah beauty,
12) writing notebook n A,
13) skin n th briefcase,
14) wind n th day,
15) wind n oh engine,
16) no wind nn th day,
17) scattering nn oh boy,
18) not tea nn th error.
CARDS FOR CONTROL
№ 1
Exercise 1.
Write short forms of the adjective next to the full form.
Sample: rosy – rouge baby, rouge girl, rouge baby.
Incomparable, united, valuable, revolutionary, deserted, modern.
Task 2.
Explain the spelling of words using the adjectives from which they are derived.
Sample: oil n itza - oil n th (damn).
at ease nn awn, beshe n oh shamelessly nn awn, life nn oh trust nn awn, guests n egg, wind n oh the leaves nn itza, karma nn ik, customs nn ik, kinship nn ik.
№ 2
Exercise 1. Paste n And nn , select suffixes.
Telephone conversation, table tennis, mound of earth, crane cry, hurricane warning, unreasonable lateness, skillful speaker, artificial diamond, seasonal work, target area, silver thread, wooden salt shaker.
Task 2. Form these adjectives into their short form in the feminine gender.
Unexpected, sacred, windy, deserted, long, ruddy, young, skillful, wounded, educated, artificial.
№ 3
Exercise 1.
Replace these phrases with synonymous expressions, highlight suffixes.
Sample: time of revolution - revolution nn oh time.
Division commander, excursion bus, triangle with equal sides, battalion commissar, excitement of discussion, punctuation mark, collection according to tradition, day with the wind, information institute.
Task 2.
Explain spelling n
And nn
according to the sample.
Sample: smoked n awn - smoked n th.
Smysle n awn, brought up nn ik, wiser n awn, oil n ita, chosen nn hic, fog nn awn, puta n bitch, confused nn awn, craft nn ik, yu n awn.
№ 4
Exercise 1.
Turn participles into adjectives.
Sample: peche nn fish in the ashes - bake n oy fish, gilded nn th ring - gold n th ring.
Kvashe nn cabbage in a barrel, whiter nn th ceiling, melt nn oh oil, heavier nn forested barge, vymo-sche nn aya street, rane nn warrior in hand, not more beautiful for a long time nn th hair, unseeded nn oh field, plant nn bushes planted by children.
Task 2. Form adverbs from these words using the suffix -O- .
Furious, presumptuous, solemn, oily, windy, exuberant, nameless, windless, organized, thoughtful, unheard of.
№ 5
Exercise 1. Form a short form, highlight the spelling.
Tangled hair, scattered beads, recolored stockings, artwork, numerous lights, cropped hair, given words, young beings, educated youths, concentrated faces.
Task 2. Turn adjectives into passive participles by adding either a dependent word or a prefix.
Soaked apples, a wounded bird, a quilted jacket, dyed hair, salted fish, unshorn children, burnt coal, unfed cattle.
№ 6
Exercise 1. Paste n or nn explaining your choice.
More beautiful in blue; a guest planted under the icon; seated father; dowry of the bride; the streets are empty; regiment attached to the commander; swine carcasses; kingdom movements; hair that has not been dyed for a long time; smart kids.
Task 2. Write down all the exceptions on the topic " H And nn in adjectives.
№ 7
Exercise 1.
Form short participles and adverbs from these verbs, make phrases and write them down.
Sample:tangle - wool is tangled n ah, talking is confusing nn O.
Organize, focus, revitalize, deserve, strain, inspire, excite, disperse, excite, condemn.
Task 2. Underline words with suffix -he N- .
Seasonal, editorial, bottomless, compositional, revolutionary, bouillon, lawful, sleepless, restless, commission, oblique, patterned, inertial, wagon, concrete, reactionary, operational.
№ 8
Exercise 1. Explain the spelling of the following words (show graphically).
Cochet n th meadow - not sloping nn th meadow
more beautiful n th product - not more beautiful for a long time nn th fence
whip nn craftsman's basket - do not weave a basket n A
purchase nn th bread - wound n th soldier
Yes nn th example - tka n th pattern
half-burnt nn th manuscript - half-wielder n th fish
ice cold n oh meat - not frozen nn th berry
Task 2. Write down the exception words on the topic " H And nn in participles and verbal adjectives.
№ 9
Exercise 1. Form adjectives from nouns and verbs given in brackets, write down phrases with them, explain graphically n or nn .
(Discussion) question, (wind) young man, (no wind) weather, (car) master, (inspiration) music, (gasify) district, (bee) wax, (make) fright, (weave) carpet, (seeds) fund, (eagle) look, (sparrow) tweet, (division) medical battalion, (do not wait) visit.
Task 2. Explain spelling n or nn.
Thinking decisions nn s (true) - all the moves of deliberation n s
The eyes are directed into the distance - the movements are striving nn s (resolute)
paper direction n s to the court - move in the direction nn O
№ 10
Exercise 1.
Form participles and adjectives from verbs.
Sample: whiten - white n oh, not white for a long time nn walls.
Ferment, mow, pave, melt, cool, drown, teach.
Task 2. Explain the spelling as follows: weaving nn golden handkerchief(there is a dependent word).
Hidden nn oh ice cream n oh, confused nn oh shit, shit n oh story, u n chess player, history of confusion nn ah, undecided nn th task, no n th material, golden n th thread. unsolved nn oh secret, layer n th pie, boiling n ah water.
№ 11
Exercise 1. Insert the missing letters, distribute in two columns with n And nn .
Embarrassed young osha, mad dog, skilled worker, forged grating, work done, crane cry, eye frames, smart kid, unplowed fields, sun-dried mushrooms, wind engine, windless weather, wounded finger, wished day.
Task 2. Write short participles and adjectives next to full participles and adjectives.
Baked fish -
sown field -
sacred oath -
desired holidays -
slow movements -
wind-scattered clouds
focused faces -
scattered students -
trusted friends -
№ 12
Exercise 1. Write off, inserting letters, explaining spellings.
The faces of the sailors are worried and serious; sauerkraut; we are limited in time; went out organized_o; concern about the patient's condition; pickled cucumbers in a barrel; behave with restraint; adolescents are unbalanced and quick-tempered; imbalance and incontinence; unbaked bread; bride_about dowry; baked pumpkin; tanks attached to the regiment.
Task 2. Make up and write down sentences or phrases with the words:
brought up n s - brought up nn s, isolated n s - isolated nn s, sleeping n s - soldering nn s, scattering n s - scattering nn s, holding back n s - restrain nn s.
Control vocabulary dictation
Green forest, oil engine, butter pancake, tin soldier, red dawn, windy day, burnt sugar, unexpected success, spoiled child, pig's tail, chewed - chewed leaf, shod horse, unexpected success, come unexpectedly, unprecedented dawn, unheard of message, slow move, bride's dowry, non-woven tablecloth, smart kid, half-dried fish, long-awaited visit, leather cloak, freshly painted fence, gullible beast, windmill, incessant rain, burnt letter, broken line, boiled water, valuable remark, artificial honey, baked apple, half-eaten cows, hail-cut fields, named brother, wounded in the chest, strange case, virgin harvest, short history, millionth inhabitant, true values, felted shoes, shot sparrow, true truth, children are distracted and inattentive, clouds are dispersed, smells spiced with saffron, a ruddy birthday girl, sagebrush thickets, a desperate young man, a wildly beating heart, state customs officers, a stamped step, a lacerated wound.
in what cases one "H" is written and when 2 "H"? and got the best answer
Answer from Rk_d[master]
Two letters n are written in: 1) in adjectives formed with the help of suffixes. -n- from noun. with a base on n (stone) 2) in adj. formed from noun. with suf. -onn-, -enn-. EXCEPTION: windy (cranberry, revolutionary)
One letter n is written: 1) in suf. in (cock) 2) in suf. -an-, -yan- (petroleum, lion). EXCEPTIONS: pewter, wood, glass.
In brief app. the same number of n is written as in full ones.
The two letters n are written in suf. full participles and adj. , formed from verbs: 1) if they have a prefix, except for non-(dried) 2) if they include dependent words (sown through a sieve) 3) if the word contains suf. -ova- -eva- (galvanized) 4) if the word is formed from a non-prefixed perfective verb, except for the word wounded (deprived)
One letter n is written in suf. 1) short passive participles (corrected) 2) non-prefixed adjectives. formed from verbs. imperfect form, as well as not having a dependent word (dyed). EXCEPTIONS: slow, desired, sacred, unexpected, unseen, unheard, unexpected.
In adverbs in -o and -e, the same number of n is written as in the pyrilative from which they are formed (vaguely, excitedly)
Answer from Dima[guru]
at the junction of morphemes there are two N. in adjectives there is always one N, with the exception of the words: tin, wood, glass
Answer from I I[guru]
Spelling -Н- and -НН- in various parts of speech
1. In what example is NN written?
1) ant trail 3) sowing .. th sand
2) not white. .th ceiling4) fog distance .. a
2. In what example is NN written?
1) goals .. th land 3) the sea was agitated by the wind
2) boil. oh milk 4) not so good .. yguest
3. In which example is one H written?
1) more beautiful .. th hair 3) drier .. cherries in the sun
2) operation .. aya 4) children directly .. s
4. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in place
which is written NN?
Repetition - a favorite (1) of A.P. Chekhov's art (2) means - in the story "Darling" is the main way to build a work: monotony (3) awn, expectation of situations, uniformity of actions, multiply (4) for mechanical reproduction, create a comic effect.
1) 1, 32) 2, 3, 43) 1, 2, 3, 44) 1, 2, 4
5. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in place
which is written NN?
Why do skates, made (1) from any material, glide only on the ice of the (2) th surface and perfectly (3) o not slide on the smooth stone of the (4) floor?
1)1,22)2,43)1,3,44)3,4
6. In place of what numbers is HH written?
We see that in the bone (1) skates, found (2) by archaeologists in the north of Europe, she made (3) holes for leather (4) ribbons.
1)1,22)23)1,2,34)3,4
7. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in place
which is written NN?
In race walking, it is forbidden (1) to lift both legs off the ground at the same time (2) as is usually done (3) when running; all violations are clearly recorded by the camera.
1)1,2,3,42)2,43)2,34)3,4
8. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in place
which is written NN?
In the old days (1), the bow was a formidable weapon: a kalyo (2) arrow, thicker than the (3) hand of an experienced shooter, could pierce a thicker (4) wall.
1)1,2,42)2,43)34)3,4
9. In which example is NN written?
1) Kale .. oh iron 3) earth .. oh hill
2) the students are not prepared .. s 4) remark ts .. o
10. In what example is NN written?
1) weave. .th armchair 3) broken spoke. .A
2) rust. .th flour 4) extinguish. .th light
11. In what example is NN written?
1) the girl is blushing .. a 3) things are collected .. s
2) sandy .. th spit 4) sloping .. th lawn
12. In what word is HH written at the place of the pass?
1) the gun is loaded .. o3) clay .. th pot
2) direct powerful .. th road 4) armored .. th car
13. In what word is HH written at the place of the pass?
1) wax..th shiny floor 3) ice.. oh look
2) officers are shell-shocked 4) unfounded .. th conclusion
14. In what word is HH written at the place of the pass?
1) large golden .. spoons 3) the village of freedom. -A
2) snakes .. th poison 4) risky .. th act
15. In what word is HH written at the place of the pass?
1) the horse is tied. .a 3) chained .. th prisoner
2) gray old suit 4) silver .. sugar bowl
16. In what word is HH written at the place of the pass?
1) patent .. th products 3) pigeons .. th egg
2) burn the letter. .o 4) unwritten. .th law
17. In what word is HH written at the place of the pass?
1) trained .. th athlete 3) people are not trained .. s
2) nightingales .. th song 4) old unheated .. th house
18. In what word is HH written at the place of the pass?
1) press .. th product 3) swans .. th fluff
2) unknown .. th visitor 4) item for sale .. a
19. In what word is HH written at the place of the pass?
1) the commission was created .. a 3) the organized .. student
2) uninvited .. th guest 4) linen .. th fabric
20. In what word is HH written at the place of the pass?
1) yu. .o creation
2) excited .. th visitor
3) read books .. s
4) large urine .. apples
21. In what word is HH written at the place of the pass?
1) work done .. a
2) sandy dune
3) road wicker..th basket
4) pickle .. s mushrooms
Answer from Natalia[newbie]
Arkady Khlebnikov has already written you the general rules. But you should not turn to people for them, it's all written in a textbook, any reference book, the two-volume book "Russian Language" (in any reading room there is).
But in order to understand all this, you must first memorize well, master the words, and in parallel with cramming, think, penetrate the system (by memorizing exceptions, there is no other way with them, because they were systemic sometime in the Middle Ages, and then they froze like that ).
That is, to do, as in any business: to think, to penetrate into the system, and to cram exceptions. But for this, I repeat, at first you need to cram.
Here, for example, the word "wounded": one cramming is not enough here, you need to delve into the system. If this is a separate word, it passes as a noun, this is a substantiation, and if it is with additional words, then this is a participle, for example. , "wounded in the leg".
In a word, it is best to delve into the simple idea that spelling is a system that reflects reality. That this is not a tool for bullying the teacher over poor students, but a systematic way of thinking.
And still it is necessary to read much since the childhood. Then all this, in fact, itself enters. Well, like training in sports: trained muscles do automatically what they need. But at the same time, the laws of development of these muscles also need to be known, as well as the laws of language.
Good luck!
Answer from Ilra[newbie]
In adverbs in -o and -e, as many "H" are written as in the adjectives and participles from which they are formed:
Courageous - courageously, interesting - interesting, intentional act - (did) intentionally.
thoughtful - thoughtfully
Answer from Andrey Perveev[newbie]
No!
How to determine in which case to write -n- and -nn- in adjectives? This article describes in detail all the spelling rules for these suffixes, provides examples and exceptions to the rules.
Spelling of letters H and HH in adjective suffixes
Writing H And HH in adjectives in Russian depends on what part of speech the word in question is formed from. To understand when one and two letters H are written in adjective suffixes, determine whether you have a verbal adjective, a participle or an adjective formed from a noun (noun). There is a separate spelling rule for each case. H And HH in adjectives.
Spelling H and HH in adjective suffixes are studied in the 6th grade of the school.
Spelling of suffixes H and HH in verbal adjectives, participles
Determine the correct spelling H or HH in full participles or verbal adjectives is very simple. Two HH written in the following cases:
- If the adjective is formed from the verb SV (folded, held, shortened). Exceptions – named (father), wounded (officer), shell-shocked (soldier) and etc.
- If the word has a prefix (wrapped, completed, installed). Exception- words with a prefix Not– (unworn, uninvited, unworn).
- If the adjective is used with an explanatory word (potato baked in a fire, a wagon loaded with grain).
- If the word ends in -ovanny (-ovanny) (spoiled, disorganized, painted).
Exceptions – forged, chewed, pecked.
- In adjectives - unexpected, unseen, unexpected, desired, unheard of, sacred, slow, unexpected and etc.
- If the stem of the adjective ends in -n and the suffix is added to it -n-.
- When an adjective is formed with suffixes -onn- (-enn-).
- When the suffix -enn- in adjectives forms words from nouns in -me (banner, time, flame and etc.)
If the parsed full participle or verbal adjective has none of the signs, then one is written H (homespun, one-piece, frozen).
TOP 4 articleswho read along with this
Short participles are always written with one H (finished, installed, slow).
Spelling of the letters H and HH in denominative adjectives
When is one H written in denominative adjectives?
One H is written in adjective suffixes when the word is formed using suffixes -an (-yan-), -in- – (clay, silver, lion, paraffin).
Exceptions – glass, wood, pewter.
Important! Single N words worth remembering include: ruddy, spicy, drunken, young, blue, filthy, green, pig, raven, mutton, single, seal, buckwheat, pheasant, peacock, carp, zealous, crimson.
Spelling of the suffix NN in adjectives
HH in denominative adjectives is written in cases:
Examples of writing NN in adjectives:
throne, traditional, tall, knee, lunar, lemon, spring, windless, banner, temporary, fiery.
Exceptions –windy, oily.
Short adjectives are used with H or HH, depending on how the corresponding full adjective is written. (heavy, windy, solemn).
Topic quiz
Article rating
Average rating: 4.4. Total ratings received: 576.
Spelling -Н- and -НН- in various parts of speech is included in the Unified State Exam in Russian for Grade 11 (task 14).
The number of letters H in the suffix depends on the part of speech of the word.
Spelling -Н- and -НН- in suffixes of denominative adjectives
One H is written in suffixes:
- -AN- and -YAN- (clay, sand, etc.), except for exceptions: glass, tin, wood;
- -IN- possessive adjectives (ant, mouse, etc.).
Double H is written:
- if the adjective is formed from a noun with a stem ending in H, using the suffix -H- (foggy, valuable, etc.), with the exception of: young, ruddy, porky, zealous, tanned, blue, green, crimson;
- in the suffixes -ONN- and -ENN- (lecture, countless, etc.), except for the exception: windy (however, windless - with the prefix HH).
It is necessary to distinguish between the suffixes -ENN- and -YAN-: The suffix -YAN- is usually present in the word simultaneously with the stressed ending -OY (herbal, windy, etc.), except for words formed from nouns ending in -MYA (seed, nominal, tribal, etc.).
It is also necessary to distinguish between the adjectives oily (verbal, meaning “with oil on the surface”) and oily (denominated, meaning “made from oil”): oily frying pan (covered with oil) and oil cream (made on the basis of oil).
Spelling -Н- and -НН- in suffixes of participles and verbal adjectives
To determine the number of letters H in the suffix, you need to use the algorithm:
- Determine the type of verb from which the participle or verbal adjective is formed (ask a question to the verb: if the question is “what to do?”, then the type is imperfect, if the question is “what to do?”, then the type is perfect. You can also check the form of the verb in another way: if the verb (and the participle or verbal adjective, respectively) has any prefix, except for NOT- and SEMI-, then the aspect is perfect, otherwise the aspect is imperfect):
- If the species is perfect, -НН- is written in the suffix (soaked, fried, etc.);
- If the view is imperfect, go to step 2;
- Check if the participle or verbal adjective has dependent words:
- If there is, then -НН- is written in the suffix (fried in oil, etc.);
- If not, then go to step 3;
- Check if the participle or verbal adjective has the suffix -OVA- or -ЁВА-:
- If there is, then the suffix is \u200b\u200bwritten -НН- (pickled, seconded, etc.);
- If not, then -Н- is written in the suffix (fried, wounded, etc.).
It is worth remembering the spelling of the following words and phrases:
- with one H: forged, chewed, pecked, smart, rabid, dowry, named brother, planted father, forgiveness Sunday, melted butter, patched-patched (and similar words);
- with double H: unexpected, unexpected, unseen, unheard of, desired, cutesy, unexpected, counted, seen, heard, done, seen, unexpected, sacred, slow, offended, decided, deprived, captivated, abandoned, said, given, let in, forgiven, promised , bought, inspired, heated house.
Spelling -Н- and -НН- in suffixes of short participles and adjectives and adverbs
The number of H depends on the part of speech:
- Short participles always have one N in the suffix (they answer the questions “what is done (o / a / s)?”, “what is done (o / a / s)?” Is there a dependent word or is it implied, a short participle can be replaced by verb in a sentence): he is confident in a friend;
- Short verbal adjectives have as many N in the suffix as there are in the full form (they answer the question “what (o / a / s)?”): she was confident and proud;
- Adverbs ending in -O, formed from adjectives or participles, have as many N in the suffix as there are in the adjective or participle from which they are formed (answer the question "how?"): he felt confident.
Spelling -Н- and -НН- in noun suffixes
If a noun is formed from a noun with a stem ending in H, using suffixes:
- -NICK- or -NITs-, then -НН- is written in the word (admirer, admirer, etc.);
- -OST-, then -Н- is written in the word (laziness, etc.).
If a noun is formed from an adjective or participle with a stem ending in H using the suffixes -IK-, -IC-, -OST-, then it has as many Hs in the suffix as there are in the adjective or participle from which it is formed: smoked meat (from "smoked"), confusion (from "tangled"), etc.
A13. In which answer option are all the numbers correctly indicated, in the place of which one N is written?
Skillfully executed (1) cova (2) beams (3) lattices of St. Petersburg - one of the decorations of the city.
1) 1,2 2) 2 3) 2, 3 4) 1, 3
A bit of theory
Despite the fact that the codifier speaks of one and two letters H in the suffixes of various parts, in the control measuring materials we will also deal with words in which the spelling of two H is due to the fact that the first of the letters is part of the root (base), and the second is the suffix -Н- or part of the suffix starting with N.
Adjectives:
1) Adjectives with suffixes -an-, -yan-, -in- written with one -n-: clay, silver, chicken. Exceptions: glass, tin, wood.
2) Adjectives with suffixes -onn-, -enn- written with two -n-: aviation related. Exception: windy, oily.
3) In adjectives formed from the base on -n with a suffix -n-, written two -n-: pictorial (karti n-a + n th).
Participles and adjectives formed from verbs:
two letters -n- are written in suffixes of full participles and adjectives formed from verbs:
1) if they have a prefix: sun plow n th, from the brew n th(But: smart boy, named brother);
2) if they have dependent words: var nn aya on milk ;
3) if the word has suffixes -ova-, -eva-, -irova-: marinated, asphalted;
4) if the word is formed from a non-prefixed perfective verb (except wounded): deprived;
In short participles, one is written -n-, and in adjectives - two (except for the masculine singular form). It is necessary to distinguish between full and short forms of passive past participles with suffixes -enn- And -nn- and adjectives formed from verbs. Compare:
educated, participle from the verb "educate"; short form: brought up, brought up, brought up, brought up, brought up And educated, adjective; short form: educated, educated, educated, educated.
How to distinguish? It is possible in meaning, but it is easier to try to substitute the word ‘ more’: Masha was raised by her grandmother And Masha is educated, polite and smart. As you can see, in the first case, the substitution of the proposed word is inappropriate, and in the second, it is quite real. In addition, passive participles require the presence (at least on a subconscious level) of an indication of who performed the action indicated in the participle.
Writing one or two letters -n- V difficult adjectives obeys the general rule: plain dyed (paint, imperfect species); plain dyed (paint, perfect view).
adverbs, formed from adjectives with two -n-, also written with two -n-: went organized.
In nouns, formed from adjectives, participles and verbal adjectives, so many -n-, how many of them were in the production basis: pupil ( from ‘ educated’), martyr ( from ‘ tormented’) .
Two - n- are written in all words formed from the bases on -n, with a suffix starting with -n: foamy (pe n-a + n-th), hexagon (six + face n b + n ik).
ABC truths
Interactive dictation
Literacy Tutorial: Punctuation
Names and titles. Interactive simulator
useful links
Summer Reading
Memoirs
Language Quotes
Tongue Twisters
Proverbs and sayings
LITERATURE textbook: spelling
Choose the correct answers. To check the completed task, click the "Check" button.
H / HH in participles and verbal adjectives
Spelling Н or НН in passive participles is one of those rules that regularly make mistakes in dictations, essays and tests.
First of all, remember the rule: In the suffixes of full passive participles, two letters H are written, for example, CUT TREES. In the suffixes of short passive participles, one letter H is written, for example, TREES HAVE BEEN CUT.
But since full passive participles are sometimes very similar to adjectives, to avoid mistakes, it is useful to remember four conditions under which two letters H are written:
1) the sacrament has a prefix (except NOT-), for example, DRIED MUSHROOMS;
2) the participle was formed from the verb of the perfect form, for example, SOLVED PROBLEM - from the verb DECIDE (what to do? - perfect form);
3) the participle has dependent words, for example, DRIED (where?) MUSHROOMS IN THE OVEN;
4) The participle is formed from the verb using the suffixes -OVA- or -EVA-, for example, EXCITED PERSON.
If a word does not have any of these features, then it is spelled with one N.
In addition, there are several words with two letters H, the spelling of which must be learned in the same way as we memorize the words-exceptions: UNSEEN, UNHEARD, UNEXPECTED, UNGUESSED, UNINTENDED, WANTED, PRECIOUS, SACRED, SMOOTH.
(1) How many N should be written in the participle from the phrase LAUNCHING GARDEN? First of all, you need to see if the sacrament has a prefix. In our case, there is a prefix, which means that this word must be written with two N: NEGLECTED GARDEN.
(2) How many N should be written in the participle from the phrase BROKEN LOOK? First of all, we look to see if the sacrament has a prefix. In our example, the participle does not have a prefix, therefore, the next step is to determine the type of verb from which this participle was formed. BROCHE_NY was formed from the verb TO THROW (what to do?) This verb is perfective, which means that in the participle you need to write two letters H: LOOKING OUT.
(3) How many N should be written in the participle from the phrase OVEN Roast FISH? The participle in this phrase has dependent words: HEAT (where?) IN THE OVEN. Therefore, in the sacrament it is necessary to write two letters H: FISH ROASTED IN THE OVEN.
(4) How many H should be written in the participle from the phrase ASPHALTED HIGHWAY? Since this participle has the suffix -OVA-, two letters H must be written in it: ASPHALTED HIGHWAY.
(5) How many N should be written in the word WEAVING from the phrase WEAVING BASKET? Since it does not have a prefix, there are no dependent words, there are no suffixes -OVA- or -EVA-, and also because it was formed from the verb of the imperfect form WEAVING (what to do?), you need to write one letter H: WITTED BASKET.
“How can I not love him? - she said to herself, delving into his fright and at the same time delighted look.
Levin immediately thought of this, but, in spite of this, he decided that Sviazhsky's views of him were only his baseless assumption...
(Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina)
Well, the guest is uninvited,
Perhaps the father will come in!
I ask you to serve the young lady in love _n oh!
Scarlet ribbons were woven into her
In two blond braids,
Flowers, outfits brought
Unseen _n oh beauty.
Who wants to welcome us, if you please;
The door is open for the stars and the unseen...
(A. S. Griboyedov, "Woe from Wit")
Parsley, you are always with a new thing,
With a torn elbow.
(A. S. Griboyedov, "Woe from Wit")
... There were requests from a hostile ministry for information about the measures that have been applied in the last decade ...
(Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina)
And that consumptive, relative to you, enemy of books,
In the academic committee that settled ...
(A. S. Griboyedov, "Woe from Wit")
And then she thinks -
God knows why
That the starry sky is sand
Sprinkle _n leaf,
Constantly day and night on the road
Surprisingly sweet cart...
(N. A. Nekrasov, "Russian Women")
Levin always came to Moscow excited, hurried, a little embarrassed, and irritated by this embarrassment, and for the most part with a completely new, unexpected outlook on things.
(Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina)
No, in this felled forest
I won't be lured
Where there were oaks to heaven
And now the stumps are sticking out!
(Nekrasov, "Russian Women")
He drove to the fortress ballet on many wagons
From mothers, fathers rejected _n th children?!
(A. S. Griboyedov, "Woe from Wit")
Stepan Arkadyevitch had already gone downstairs, undressed, washed himself again, put on a frilled nightgown and lay down ... (Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina)
You will come to Nerchinsk if you
The road won't kill you.
Hardly four miles an hour
Zakova is coming.
(N. A. Nekrasov, "Russian Women")
With a face mutilated with passion, pale and with a trembling lower jaw, Vronsky hit her in the stomach with his heel and again began pulling on the reins...
(Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina)
Darya Alexandrovna's eyes widened at this elegant, unseen carriage...
(Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina)
Finally married his daughter
I took it - shish, in the service - nothing.
(A. S. Griboyedov, "Woe from Wit")
She remembered how she had almost told the confession that her husband's young subordinate had made to her in Petersburg...
(Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina)
Towards dinner they arrived: an old cousin of Alexei Alexandrovich ... ... and one young man, recommended to Alexei Alexandrovich for the service.
(Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina)
To the pen from the cards? and to the cards from the pen?
And the _nd hour of the ebb and flow?
(A. S. Griboyedov, "Woe from Wit")
I'm running, I won't look back, I'll go looking around the world,
Where insulted _n omu there is a corner for feeling.
(A. S. Griboyedov, "Woe from Wit")
Stepan Arkadyevitch ... in this playful courtship ... and accidentally went so far that he no longer knew how to get back ...
(Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina)
What is the politest name for such people?
Tenderer? - he is a man of the world,
Notorious _n th swindler, rogue:
Anton Antonych Zagoretsky.
(A. S. Griboyedov, "Woe from Wit")
For the fact that he softened the anger of _n th guest,
I wanted to compliment.
(A. S. Griboyedov, "Woe from Wit")
You sit for an hour
Do not oppress _n th, peppy mind
Works meanwhile.
(N. A. Nekrasov, "Russian Women")
Spelling "n" and "nn" in adjectives and participles
First you need to understand what form is an adjective:
Then you need to find out what part of speech the word is formed from noun or from verb.
lion - lion
salt - saline
leather - leather
! Glass
tin
wood
revolution - revolutionary
foliage - deciduous
BUT!
young, ruddy,
pork, spicy,
drunk, filthy,
green, blue.
The words also belong to the primitives: single, pheasant, raven, ram, carp, seals, peacock, crimson, zealous, bulany.
1. without prefix
frozen catfish (from freeze)
2. dependent word
frozen mom catfish
3. suf. ova, eva, irova
! forged, chewed, pecked
! desired, unexpected, unexpected, unexpected
Tasks and tests on the topic "Spelling "n" and "nn" in adjectives and participles"
In order to understand when one is written in a word, and when two letters “n” are written, you need to know what part of speech this word is formed from.
So, if the word is formed from a noun, then we pay attention to the suffixes and the stem.
If a word is formed from a verb, then we pay attention to the prefix, the dependent word, the type of verb from which the word is formed, and the suffixes -ova, -eva, -irova.
When it comes to spelling "n" and "nn" in adjectives and participles, it is necessary to take into account the form of the word - full or short.
Spelling H and HH in suffixes
Compare two sentences:
Baked apples on a plate .
Oven-baked apples lay on a plate .
In one case the word baked written with one n, and in the other case, with two n. In order to understand why these words are written that way, you need to understand a few rules. True, there are quite a few rules and exceptions on this topic.
Н and НН in adjectives and participles
In order to determine how much n should be written in the adjective, first you need to understand what part of speech it is formed from. As a rule, adjectives are formed from nouns, from verbs or are primitive. Primitive adjectives are not derived from any other part of speech. Let's look at these three groups.
Adjectives formed from nouns
en -, — yang -, — in -.
Examples: leather, silver, horse
Exceptions: glass, tin, wood
— enn -, — stvenn -, — he N -, — ation -, — irovann -.
Examples: cranberry, feminine, evolutionary, examination, erudite
Exceptions: windy, oily ( But windless)
In adjectives formed from nouns with a base on n with the suffix n -.
Examples: deep, true
Primitive adjectives
Primitive adjectives are not derived from any other part of speech. In them n included in the root. These adjectives have only one letter. n .
blue, young, green, ruddy
For example, in the word rosy root rouge, but not room(there is no such root in Russian at all).
society(s) opinion
What should be in place of the dash?
Verbal adjectives and participles in full form
There are three conditions when any of which in the full passive past participle or adjective is written nn.
1. Participle (or adjective) formed from a verb with a prefix(except for attachment Not- which does not affect the quantity n in a word).
frightened, loaded, baked
But: unafraid, uninvited
Exceptions: named (brother; with emphasis on the second syllable), planted (father; replacing the parent of the groom or bride at the wedding), dowry (this is a noun formed by moving the adjective into the category of nouns), smart.
Important: the spelling of verbal adjectives in compound words does not change.
Compare:
fresh-frozen (without a prefix, so one is written n) - freshly frozen (with a prefix, therefore it is written nn)
plain-colored (without a prefix, so one is written n) - smooth-colored (with a prefix, therefore it is written nn)
2. Communion has dependent words(except for words indicating the degree of manifestation of the trait: Very , very etc.).
a wagon loaded with sand, an apple baked in the oven
3. Participle (or adjective) formed from the perfective verb .
abandoned (throw), given (give), bought (buy), deprived (deprive), decided (decide)
These three conditions do not cover participles and adjectives without dependent words formed from imperfective verbs without prefixes. There are two rules here, of which there are many exceptions.
Rule 1 If the participle (or verbal adjective) ends in - ovated , — fucked up, spelled nn .
Examples: spoiled, lined, uprooted
But: this rule does not apply if - ov -, — ev- are part of the root (in words chewed, forged, pecked).
Rule 2 If the adjective is formed with suffixes - en -, — n- from an imperfective verb without a prefix, in the absence of dependent words it is written n .
Examples: laden, mowed, baked, baked, frozen, torn, confused, stolen
But: In some adjectives formed from non-prefixed imperfective verbs, it is written nn .
Examples: desired, active
Adjectives and participles in short form
In the short form of adjectives, the same number is written n how much and in full.
significant change ⇒ significant change
windy girl ⇒ windy girl
well-mannered girl ⇒ well-mannered girl
In short passive participles, one letter is always written n .
The deed is already done.
Mission successfully completed.
Short adjectives and short participles must be distinguished by meaning.
Compare:
His face is agitated (adjective) - The sea is agitated by the wind (participle)
This teacher is always reserved (adjective) - The oath was kept (participle)
Spelling Н and НН in different parts of speech
Spelling Н and НН in nouns
1. nn it is written:
1) if the root of the word ends in n, and the suffix starts with n: elder-nick (elderberry), squad-nick (druzhina), raspberry-nick (raspberry), swindler-nick (purse), aspen-nick (aspen), mountain ash-nick (mountain ash); dowry-nits-a (dowry), sleepless-nits-a (sleep), ringing-nits-a (ringing), log-nits-a (log);
2) if the noun is formed from an adjective with nn, or from a participle: soreness (painful), agitated-awn (agitated), hryvnia-ik (hryvnia), power of attorney (trusted), covetousness (coy), spoiled-awn (spoiled), chosen-ik (chosen), exiled-ik (expelled), konn-itsa (equestrian), root-ik (indigenous), larch-itsa (deciduous), inadvertent-ost (unintentional), educated-ost (educated), public-ik (public), organized-ost ( organized), captive-ik (captive), sent-ik (sent), privileged-ost (privileged), production-ik (production), millet-ik (millet), handicraft-ik (handicraft), related-ik (related ), priest-ik (sacred), seed-ik (seed), own-ik (own), modern-ik (modern), coherent-awn (harmonized), fog-awn (foggy).
2. H written in words: crimson-itsa (crimson), varen-ik (boiled), windy-awn, windy-ik, windy-itsa (windy), gostin-itsa (living room), drovyan-ik (wood-burning), hemp-ik (hemp) , smoked-ost (smoked), bone-ika (bone), maslen-itsa (oily), mudren-ost (tricky), oat-itsa (oatmeal), peat-ik (peat), smart-awn (intelligent) and etc., as well as in the words olsha-nik, omshan-ik.
Spelling Н and НН in suffixes of denominative adjectives (formed from a noun)
1) for adjectives formed from nouns with the help of suffixes -enn-, -onn-: artificial, cranberry, straw, operating, session, station and etc.; adjectives formed from nouns for me (time, flame, etc.) can also be included here: temporary, fiery, seed, nominal, tribal etc.
In adjective windy one is written n , since it is not formed from the noun wind, but from the verb wind with a suffix -n- , which does not contradict the spelling rule n in verbal adjectives: weathered, weathered, weathered- formed from verbs;
2) for adjectives formed from adjectives with a suffix -enn-, indicating a large measure of the sign: tall, hefty, broad and etc;
3) for adjectives formed from nouns based on n(second -n- adjective suffix): long(length), true(true), millionth(million), vintage(old), canvas(canvas) and etc.
Type adjectives lamb, carp, seal written from one n , since they are formed from nouns with a stem on n by adding a suffix - j - .
Words spicy, ruddy, youthful are written with one n (non-derivative adjectives); in words derived from them, one n is also written: spice, blush, blush, youth(But: junior, since this word is formed from the combination young naturalist).
2. H is written with adjectives formed from nouns using suffixes -in-, -an-, -yan- : pigeon(pigeon), goose(goose), chicken, aquiline, swan, leather(leather), sandy(sand), cereous(wax), linen(canvas) silver, wood burning and etc.
Exceptions: glass, pewter, wood.
It is necessary to distinguish between adjectives, the spelling of which depends on their meaning:
A) windy- “accompanied by the wind, with the wind” (windy weather), “frivolous” - trans. (windy girl, youth); wind- “driven by the force of the wind” (wind turbine, pump, mill); in combination with chicken pox, the adjective has a suffix -yan- , compare: chickenpox- open;
b) oily oiled, lubricated, oiled butter pancakes, porridge, hands), trans. ( oily eyes, oily voice, also: oily week - carnival); oil- "for oil, from oil, on oil" ( oil cookie, oil paint, oil engine, pump and so on.); compare: oily bottle("designed for oil") and oily bottle("soiled with oil");
V) silver- "subjected to silvering, covered with silver" (silver spoon); silver- “made of silver” (silver spoon);
G) salty- “containing salt” (salted fish); hydrochloric- "consisting of salt" ( salt mine, hydrochloric pillar). In combination hydrochloric acid in the adjective is written with a suffix -yan- .
Spelling Н and НН in verbal adjectives and participles
Full Forms
Spelled with nn suffixes of the full forms of passive past participles: -nn- And -yonn- (-enn- ). Adjectives correlative with them in form are written in some cases also with nn in a suffix, in others - with one n .
1. Spelled with nn participles and adjectives -wounded, -wounded, -wounded(formed from verbs in -ovate, -evate), For example: spoiled, uprooted, lined, painted, organized; uprooted, spoiled, painted, lined, reorganized.
2. They are also written with nn communion not on -ovanny (- evanny, - evanny) verbs perfect look and related adjectives; the vast majority of such verbs contain a prefix.
a) Examples of forms formed from prefixed verbs: bleached, washed, knitted, roasted, scribbled, dyed, peeled, scolded, dyed, counted, untangled, made.
b) A list of forms of native non-prefixed verbs, as well as some verbs, the prefix in which can only be distinguished etymologically: abandoned, given, finished, bought, deprived, captive, forgiven, let go, decided, seized, revealed; met, ventured, offended, found, obligated, visited, supplied.
Forms are written according to this rule. two-species(meaning both perfect and imperfect) verbs to marry, to bequeath, to promise, to execute, to give birth: married, bequeathed, promised, executed, born.
Exceptions. are written with one n correlative adjectives with participial forms in the following stable combinations: dead man, named brother, named sister, planted father, planted mother, Forgiveness Sunday .
3. Communions are not on -ovanny (- evanny, - evanny) verbs imperfect form(they are formed only from non-prefixed verbs) and adjectives correlative with them are written differently: participles with nn , adjectives - with one n , For example: wagons laden with firewood, fish fried in oil, oil painting, hair cut by a barber And short-cropped hair, green-dyed benches, floor not swept for a long time, walls not yet whitewashed, money already counted more than once, an offer made many times; But: loaded barge, fried fish, written beauty, cropped hair, painted benches, swept floors, whitewashed walls, a few minutes, feigned indifference; likewise knitted And knitted, ironed And ironed, braided And braided, brushed And peeled; are also written: chewed And chewed, pecked And chiseled, forged And forged.
According to this rule, the forms of two-part verbs are written concuss, baptize And hurt. Wed: soldier shell-shocked in the head, seriously wounded soldier, soldier wounded in the leg, just baptized baby, But: shell-shocked commander, wounded soldier, baptized child.
As can be seen from the examples, the participle is recognized by the presence of dependent words. There are, however, rare cases when the dependent word is not a sign of the sacrament. For example, you should write: his mustache is clearly dyed (obviously artificial where the word clearly used with an adjective); the walls, previously whitewashed, are now covered with green paint (walls used to be white).
In words with the prefix non-, in compound words and in some combinations? repetitions, the forms of participles and adjectives are written in the same way as in a separate (without a prefix and not as part of a compound word or a repetition combination) use .
1. Words with a prefix Not- :
Spelled with nn : uneducated, unlined, untested, unfinished, unbought, unforgiven ;
Spelled with n : unbleached, unironed, uninvited, unforged, unfed, undyed, unmeasured, unpaved, unplowed, unbidden, uncounted.
2. Compound words:
Spelled with nn : Highly Skilled, Solid Forged, Acquired, Freshly Painted, Purposeful, Born Blind, Insane;
Spelled with n : plain dyed, homespun, finely crushed, self-styled, seriously wounded, one-piece .
3. Combinations-repetitions with a prefix re- in the second part, having amplifying value. In them, the second part is written in the same way as the first (with nn or n ), For example:
Spelled with nn : mortgaged-re-mortgaged, solved-resolved ;
Spelled with n : patched-re-patched, washed-re-washed, mended-re-mended, read-re-read, darned-re-darned.
Exceptions. Spelled with nn instead of n :
a) adjectives desired, longed and (as part of stable combinations) seen case?; is it a heard thing? They are formed from imperfective verbs wish, wait And see, hear .
Special cases: adjectives put on spilled sea; they are formed from prefixed imperfective verbs put on, pour, i.e. from verbs with the suffix — wa- , which naturally do not form passive past participles;
b) adjectives with a prefix not-: unknown, unseen, unexpected, unwanted, unexpected, unseen, unexpected, unheard of, unexpected and (as part of a stable combination) watchful eye;
c) compound adjectives long-awaited, homegrown and (as part of own name) Andrew the First-Called.
The second parts of these prefixed and compound adjectives also correspond to imperfective verbs.
Short forms
Short forms of passive past participles are written with one n , For example: chitan, chitana, chitano, chitany; read, read, read, read; labeled, labeled, labeled, labeled; marked, marked, marked, marked. The forms of the neuter gender are also written in impersonal usage, for example: smoky, littered, worn, worn, worn-run, worn-crossed .
Short forms (except for the masculine form) adjectives with a qualitative meaning, coinciding in form with the passive participles of the past tense of perfective verbs, written with nn , For example: educated, educated, educated(from adjective educated‘discovering the results of a good upbringing’); spoiled, spoiled, spoiled(from adjective spoiled‘accustomed to the fulfillment of his whims’); lofty, lofty, exalted(from adjective exalted‘full of high content’). These adjectives have comparative forms: more educated, more spoiled, more sublime.
Compare the following examples in pairs with short forms of participles and adjectives: She was raised by a distant relative . – She has good manners, she is well-mannered. She is spoiled for good conditions – She is naughty and spoiled.
Short forms of adjectives on -ny written with one n , if these adjectives require dependent words and do not have a comparative form. Examples: attached to someone‘attached’ She is very attached to him; filled with something‘full, imbued’ – The soul is full of sorrow; heard of something‘well-informed’ We've heard about his tricks..
Some adjectives have differently spelled short forms in different meanings. For example, different spellings of short forms of the word devotee: She is kind and dedicated And She is dedicated. In the first example devoted- same adjective as educated, spoiled, exalted, it has a comparative degree more devoted; the second is the same as attached, performed, heard(requires dependent words: someone, something).
Short forms of adjectives, expressing various emotional states, can be written with n or with nn depending on the conveyed shades of meaning. For example: She's excited(she gets excited) Her speech is excited(her speech reveals, expresses excitement). In the first case it is also possible to write excited(which would emphasize that her appearance expresses excitement), and in the second case, the spelling excited impossible (because speech cannot ‘feel agitated’).
In difficult cases of distinguishing such short forms, one should refer to the academic Russian Spelling Dictionary.
Short forms of complex adjectives, the second parts of which coincide with participles on -ny, are written with n or nn depending on the value. Adjectives expressing signs that can be manifested to a greater or lesser extent, i.e., forming forms of a comparative degree, have short forms (except for the masculine form) with nn ; adjectives that do not allow comparative forms in meaning have short forms with one n , For example:
well-bred, -nno, -nny; well-maintained, -nno, -nny; self-confident, -no, -no; purposeful, -no, -no; purposeful, -no, -no(there are comparative forms more well-bred, more comfortable, self-confident, more purposeful, more purposeful);
interconnected, -but, -ny; interdependent, -but, -ny; generally recognized, -but, -us; contraindicated, -but, -us(no forms of comparative degree).
Short forms of adjectives with a qualitative meaning, the full forms of which are transmitted in writing with one n , are written in the same way as full ones. For example: done, done, done(from done‘unnatural, forced’); confused, confused, confused(from confused‘illogical, confusing’); scholar, scholar, scholar(from scientist‘thoroughly knowing something’). Comparative forms are written in the same way ( smarter, more confused, more learned) and adverbs on -O (done, confused, learned).
Such adjectives are few; the vast majority of correlative adjectives with participles in -ny have no qualitative value; these are boiled, boiled, soaked, dried, chiseled and so on.
SPELLING H-NN IN ADVERSE SUFFIXES
Adverbs for -O , formed from adjectives and passive participles, are written with a double n or one n - depending on how the corresponding adjective or participle is written.
Spelled with nn : unintentionally, unheard of(from accidental, unheard), excitedly, excitement (excited), confidently;
Spelled with n : confused (talks confusedly), confusion, confusion(from confused), learned (very learned), windy (it's windy outside today).
Spelling H-HH in adjective suffixes. Rules and examples
So, first you need to determine from which part of speech the adjective is formed, since it can be a denominative adjective, that is, formed on behalf of a noun, and a verbal one - formed from a verb.
Rule I. H-HH in adjective suffixes formed from nouns
1. One letter n is written:
2. Two letters n are written:
In adjective seed n Ouch two suffixes - en And n so there are two letters in the word n. In a word lemon n th one letter n will refer to the root, and the second n- to the suffix, so two letters will also be written in it n.
Note: adjective nameless formed from a noun Name, combined only with the word finger (bezim yann th finger); with other words, for example, station, height, hero, etc., the adjective nameless is used (bezim yonn th height);
Rule II. Н-НН in adjective suffixes formed from verbs
One letter n is written:
- in adjective suffixes formed from imperfective verbs: smoke - kopch en th sausage, sluggish - sluggish en th fish; exception: in words affairs nn oh, wish nn oh, gem nn oh, slow enn oh, invisible nn oh, ugly nn oh, awesome n oh, bad luck nn oh, unheard nn ouch, nechaya nn oh, holy enn th, chwa nn oh, check nn th spelled two n, despite the fact that these words are formed from imperfective verbs, as well as in words landing en th(father or mother) name n th(brother or sister), smart en th.
The verb asks a question: smoke(what to do?) - an imperfective verb, so the formed verbal adjective will be written with one n - kopch en ah sausage.
Two letters n is written:
From the verb, the question is asked: to say (what to do?) - a perfective verb, so the formed verbal adjective will be written with two n - skaz nn oh word;
pishipravilno
Tags: one H or two HH
One H or two HH? Denominative adjectives.
Today we will look at the following rule for writing one and two letters H in words. It concerns adjectives that are formed from nouns (not from verbs!): duck - duck, skin - leather, operation - operating, lunch - lunch.
The rule is as follows: in denominative adjectives (that is, formed from the NAME of the noun), one H is written in the suffixes -an-, -yan-, -in-. In the suffixes -onn-, -enn- two letters HH are written. The rule is designed to memorize suffixes. Therefore, I suggest that you repeat the suffixes -an-, -yan-, -in 10 times - and remember them in such a small block (one H is written in them). And now repeat the suffixes -onn-, -enn- 10 times (two NNs are written in these suffixes).
So: Of course, there are exceptions. They are easy to remember (often the rule itself is forgotten, and the exceptions are remembered from the school bench, because the teacher probably suggested memorizing these three adjectives-exceptions by asking you to look at the window. There is a wooden frame, the window sheet is glass, and the handles for closing the window are tin. True , now, when there are euro packages everywhere, this link to visibility has lost a bit of its relevance :))
So: there are three exceptions, when in the suffix -yann- it is written, contrary to the rule (-an-, -yan-, -in-), two letters NN: glass YANN th, tin YANN th, wood YANN th.
Exercises for fixing the rule here: http://pishipravilno.blogspot.com/2009/04/blog-post_27.html
- April 23rd, 2009 07:55 am
- How to fill out a property tax return The article was published in the journal "Bulletin of the Accountant of the Moscow Region" No. 5 October 2015 L. G. Fedorova, V. N. Gornostaev, experts of the legal consulting service GARANT Residual […]
- House, suburban real estate, plot, land insurance against fire, bay, natural disasters | Online calculator | VTB Home Advantage Insurance is a reliable way to avoid financial losses caused by: Unique […]
- Degree properties We remind you that in this lesson we are dealing with the properties of degrees with natural exponents and zero. Degrees with rational indicators and their properties will be discussed in lessons for grade 8. Degree with Natural […]
- CONTENT OF THE ARTICLE Classification of pneumatics What I want to say is that even the second type of weapon, which is from 3 to 4 J, with steel balls has an initial projectile flight of 100 - 170 m / s. And this is quite a lot, so that it can cause at least […]
- Analysis of the work for the 2015–2016 academic year Elena Cheskidova Analysis of the work for the 2015–2016 academic year Analysis of the work of the MBDOU "Kindergarten No. ___" for the 2015-2016 academic year were: - […]
- Federal Constitutional Law No. 1-FKZ of July 21, 1994 "On the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation" (as amended) Federal Constitutional Law No. 1-FKZ of July 21, 1994 "On the Constitutional Court of the Russian […]
- Verification of VAT and income tax declarations The Federal Tax Service of Russia regularly brings control ratios to tax declarations. Moreover, earlier the tax service did this with a mark for official use. Now these ratios […]
- ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION M. Faraday - 1831 Methods for obtaining inductive current. 1. movement of the magnet and the coil relative to each other; 2. movement of one coil relative to another; 3. change in the current strength in one of the coils; […]
One H or two HH?
I offer you one of the rules for writing one and two letters H in words. It concerns verbal adjectives (adjectives that are formed from verbs). For example: asphalt - asphalted, polished - polished.
The rule is easy to remember: in adjectives in -ovanny, -ovanny (these are two suffixes -ova + nn- and -yova + nn-), two letters NN are written. The exceptions are the adjectives forged, chewed (although they are in -ovany, -evany, but these are not two suffixes), they write one n.
