While the yellow one is worried. Analysis of Lermontov's poem "When the yellowing field is agitated ...". Landscape lyrics of a brilliant poet
Nature middle lane Russia worries poets and writers for many centuries. Poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "When the yellowing field is agitated ..." refers to original poetic works dedicated to natural beauties native land.
The first three quatrains of the poem describe the moment at which the soul of the lyrical hero is cleansed. Anxiety, excitement go away, “when the yellowing field is agitated and the fresh forest rustles at the sound of the breeze”, “when ... the silver lily of the valley shakes its head affably”, “when the icy spring plays along the ravine”.
The lyrical hero is internally calm when he is in the bosom of nature, enjoys its beauty and feels like a part of the universe. Only such association with natural world allows "happiness ... to comprehend on earth", and in heaven to see God.
The lyrical poem is rich in artistic and expressive means depicting the essence of true beauty. Poetic epithets create an atmosphere of quiet mystery: “under the sweet shadow”, “ruddy evening”, “in some kind of vague dream”, “mysterious saga”. Artistic personifications make it possible to make the described picture alive: “the yellowing field is agitated”, “the fresh forest rustles at the sound of the breeze”, “the raspberry plum is hiding in the garden”, “the silver lily of the valley shakes its head affably”, “the cold spring ... babbles to me a mysterious saga about a peaceful land from where he fled. Nature, as it were, plays with the lyrical hero, revealing her unknown facets to him. Lermontov's poem is filled with a sense of peace, serene happiness, which is poured into nature. And only, realizing this, the lyrical hero says:
And in the sky I see God...
This poem is the inner monologue of the lyrical hero. It is optimistic in its mood and allows us to see the highest truth.
(Option 2)
It is believed that this poem was written in February 1837, when M.Yu. Lermontov was under arrest in the building of the General Staff. The poem does not have a title, but the first line makes us wonder what "then" happens. The poem consists of one sentence. The first, second and third stanzas are clauses of time, causes and conditions (“when”), revealing the meaning of the main sentence, the last stanza (“then”).
Then the anxiety of my soul humbles itself,
Then the wrinkles on the forehead diverge, -
And I can comprehend happiness on earth,
And in the sky I see God...
The poet calms down, gets younger, forgets about his troubles, rejoices, finds happiness on earth and believes in the existence of God, that is, finds inner harmony, only when certain conditions. What can help a person find harmony? M.Yu. Lermontov believes that nature has such power over the consciousness and soul of a person.
Only nature is able to give the poet a sense of the harmony of the world, to reconcile him with it.
“When the yellowing field is agitated ...” Mikhail Lermontov
When the yellowing field worries,
And the fresh forest rustles at the sound of the breeze,
And the crimson plum hides in the garden
Under the shade of a sweet green leaf;When sprayed with fragrant dew,
Ruddy evening or morning at a golden hour,
From under the bush I silver lily of the valley
He nods his head amiably;When the cold key plays in the ravine
And, plunging the thought into some kind of vague dream,
Babbling me a mysterious saga
About the peaceful land, from where he rushes, -Then the anxiety of my soul humbles itself,
Then the wrinkles on the forehead diverge, -
And I can comprehend happiness on earth,
And in the sky I see God.
Analysis of Lermontov's poem "When the yellowing field is agitated ..."
The lyrics of Mikhail Lermontov of the early and late periods of creativity differ significantly. If in his youth the poet wrote enthusiastic poems, praising the beauty of his native fields, meadows, forests and rivers, then in last years In his lifetime, the author rarely addressed this topic. Lermontov was more interested in social and political issues, for which he was recognized as a troublemaker and found fame as a poet who harms the tsarist regime with his works.
In 1837, Lermontov was arrested and spent several weeks in a St. Petersburg prison while proceedings were underway regarding his poem dedicated to the death of Pushkin. The harsh tone that Lermontov allowed himself in relation to high society, which actually ruined Pushkin, caused displeasure of many officials. As a result, until the degree of revolutionary nature of the poem "The Death of a Poet" was clarified, it was decided to take Lermontov into custody. It was in prison, without ink and paper, that the poet wrote one of his last lyrical poems entitled "When the yellowing field is worried ...". According to eyewitnesses, the poet used charred matches as a pen, and the food wrapper that an old servant brought him to prison daily served as paper. Why did the author, in a rather difficult period of his life, decide to turn specifically to the theme of nature?
It should be noted that at the age of 24, Mikhail Lermontov was known as a skeptic and a realist, who was well aware that the old foundations of society had completely outlived themselves. However, the poet was also aware of the fact that society itself was not yet ready for change. An example of this was the Decembrist uprising, which was brutally suppressed due to the fact that the people did not support a handful of nobles who advocated the abolition of serfdom and the overthrow of the autocracy. Therefore, Lermontov was well aware that during his lifetime in Russia it was unlikely that anything would change, and the situation would only worsen, deepening the gap between the classes. That is why, feeling his powerlessness and inability to change anything, the poet in the last years of his life was very often in a bad mood. He knew that with his poems he would not be able to inspire the bright minds of the fatherland to repeat the feat of the Decembrists, but he was also unable to put up with the surrounding reality.
The poem "When the yellowing field is agitated ...", at first glance, is dedicated to the beauties of his native land, which Lermontov sings with his characteristic tenderness and admiration. However the last stanza of this work fully reveals the intentions of the author. In it, he admits: when there is communication with nature, “then the anxiety of my soul humbles itself, then the wrinkles on my forehead diverge.” And it is the landscapes familiar from childhood that give Lermontov the strength to live, believing that his work is not in vain and will be duly appreciated by descendants in the future.
It is noteworthy that the poem "When the yellowing field is agitated" has a very unusual structure. It contains four stanzas that are written in one sentence.. Such an atypical technique for a poet creates the feeling that the author wrote this work in one breath, fearing that he would not be able to convey his thoughts and feelings to readers correctly and as accurately as possible. Therefore, he did not bother himself with such trifles as breaking phrases into sentences. Moreover, such a structure of the poem gives it a special integrity and melody, which is characteristic of many songs with figurative and vivid content. It is these works that are very often found in Russian folklore, which the poet knew and loved from childhood.
The poem “When the yellowing field is agitated ...”, which we will analyze, is separated from Lermontov’s youthful work by only a few years, but during this time important changes have taken place in the life of the poet. It was written by a “prisoner”, created by a prisoner in the General Staff, awaiting a court decision on his future fate. Autobiographical moments reinforce the meaning of the conclusion contained in the work, which affirms the possibility of harmony, "happiness ... on earth", comprehension of the divine meaning of being.
As in Zhukovsky's elegy "Evening", contemplation of nature leads to such thoughts, although Lermontov reproduced the landscape in memory. The impressions of the lyrical hero are like flashes of a flame illuminating a field turning yellow in August, fruits in a garden, June flowering of lilies of the valley, spring freshness of a forest, a cold spring in a ravine. What is important in them is not the sequence associated with the change of seasons, but subjective significance. All the details appear within the framework of one complex sentence (“When ... then ...”), as in the early poem “Spring”, but the pessimism prevailing there disappears. Nature appears "in some kind of vague dream", through which the specificity of colors, sounds and smells, with which the low-key Central Russian landscape is depicted, seems to be the embodiment of earthly beauty.
In the first quatrain, bright strokes appear in the picture:
When the yellowing field worries,
And the fresh forest rustles with the sound of the breeze,
And the crimson plum hides in the garden
Under the shade of a sweet green leaf...
In the second, the silver color of lily of the valley is added to them. Everything is illuminated by the sun, pouring out golden light on a “ruddy evening or in the morning”. If nature “hides” in the first stanza, then further “nods friendly” (second stanza), “babbles ... a mysterious saga” (third stanza; saga is a legend, from the Old Norse word denoting the genre of narrative epic), revealing the mystery of life. As with Zhukovsky in the elegy "Evening", all sensory impressions merge (in the first quatrain yellow, combined with crimson and green, echoes the sound of the breeze, the plum hides, the cornfield shimmers in the sun; niva - crops on the field). In the second stanza of the poem “When the yellowing field is agitated ...” Lermontov’s lily of the valley is sprinkled with dew, the visual accent is combined with smell and emotional notes: dew quenches spiritual thirst, for the lyrical hero there is a “friendly” companion:
When, sprinkled with fragrant dew,
Ruddy evening or golden hour in the morning,
From under the bush I silver lily of the valley
He nods his head...
In the third stanza, the motive of movement hidden in the first two is revealed: the stream plays, rushes from the “peaceful land”. In the first and second quatrains, it was only outlined (the ears were worried, moving from the wind; the plum was not visible behind the leaf, as if hiding from the sun; the lily of the valley grew under the bush, looking out from under it). "Cold key" does not cool the imagination of the lyrical hero, on the contrary, it is included in his game, babbling is heard in the murmur, mysterious words about an ideal world:
When the cold key plays in the ravine
And, plunging the thought into some wonderful dream,
Babbling me a mysterious saga
About the peaceful land from which he rushes ...
These words are understandable and close to the lyrical hero, his thought, renouncing everyday life, from fruitless lamentations, turns to the comprehension of new truths. Following three subordinate clauses, describing the conditions under which the romantic is ready to accept earthly imperfections, in the last quatrain the main thing is reproduced, perceived due to the fact that the poem ends with it, as a result, conclusion:
Then the anxiety of my soul humbles itself,
Then the wrinkles on the forehead diverge, -
And I can comprehend happiness on earth,
And in the sky I see God...
In the image of the lyrical hero of the poem “When the yellowing field is agitated ...”, the analysis of which interests us, the ability to carefully peer into the features of reality, finding beauty and harmony in it, reflecting the heavenly ideal, comes to the fore. Nature provides a person with the opportunity to “comprehend on earth” the highest happiness, to see the harmony of the ideal and reality.
They sound in a life-affirming chord, causing the triumphant pathos of the poem. The subjectivity of impressions (“nods to me”, “babbles to me”) and conclusions (“I can comprehend”, “I see”) puts the lyrical hero in the center of the universe, elevating his personality. There is something in it that is different from the feeling and mind of a person (the lyrical hero comprehends what is unknown in the earthly world, sees God). Like Zhukovsky, music participates in the transfer of supersensible and extra-rational experience. Colors, smells, sounds merge, creating a unique melody. Phonic originality complements semantic musicality. The text is permeated with assonances, internal rhymes, sound repetitions.
Zhukovsky’s elegy “Evening” is reminiscent of (in addition to the iambic six-meter iamb used to write the first three lines in Zhukovsky’s multi-footed stanza) repetitions of vowels with a semi-vowel heard by the senior poet in the very first lines (“Ruch to her, V july sch uy sya ... "), and Lermontov penetrating the entire text (waves ye tsya yellow her sch and I”, “grew oh oh spatter th fragrant Ouch", "How Ouch something vaguely th dream", "peace th kr ah"," And happiness e I I can") and combined with repetitions of vowels with sonorants:
And hides in the garden ma whether new with whether wa
under the shade with la worthy ze le foot whether stack;
When, ro soy about ry fragrant,
RUminted veche ro m il per ut ra golden hour...
Sounds in rhyming words echo (male rhymes of the first quatrain - with the female of the third, male of the second - with the female of the fourth). The repetition of the union "and" gives the statement an ascending intonation, which is resolved in the conclusion, which ends with an ellipsis, indicating understatement, the possibility of continuation. It is combined with another impression - compositional completeness, due to the construction of the poem-sentence.
The inner world of the lyrical hero Lermontov, described in the poem, complements his characterization. Without departing from romantic ideas, striving for absolute harmony, he is ready to accept the earthly world, longs to experience happiness and peace. The impracticability of his dream is connected in the context of the work not with the maximalism of the requirements for life, but with the inevitability of the blows of fate, reflections on which instill anxiety in his soul, do not allow him to indulge in illusions about a peaceful, sweet, happy being. A tragic reflection falls on the prisoner of fate, prompting you to listen more carefully and more carefully to his "mysterious saga". It may contain the only revelations in its subjectivity, "vague" guesses about the meaning of earthly existence and about God's intervention in it.
The poem "When the yellowing field is agitated ..." was written by M.Yu. Lermontov in February 1837, when the poet was under arrest in the building of the St. Petersburg General Staff for writing poems on the death of Pushkin. Only the valet, who brought dinner, was allowed to see him. The bread was wrapped in gray paper. On it (with the help of a match, oven soot and wine) this poem was written.
The genre of the work is a landscape miniature, with elements of philosophical meditation.
The landscape in this poem is not one fleeting picture of nature, but several poetic pictures interconnected with each other. The poet tells how “the yellowing field is agitated” at the light sound of the breeze, how the fresh forest rustles thoughtfully, how playfully “the raspberry plum is hiding in the garden”, how “the icy spring plays along the ravine”. Creating bright, picturesque paintings, it personifies nature: “silver lily of the valley affably nods its head”, “icy key” babbles “mysterious saga”.
Further, we observe in the work a reverse gradation of color epithets. Bright, rich colors become indefinite, color passes into light, and then color epithets completely disappear from the text. So, in the first stanza we see a “yellowing field”, “raspberry plum”, “green leaf”. Then the nature of the definitions changes somewhat: “ruddy evening”, “golden hour in the morning”, “silver lily of the valley”. In the third stanza, color epithets are replaced by others: "a vague dream", "mysterious saga", "peaceful land".
Exactly the same gradation we observe in relation to the objectivity of the picture of the surrounding world. If in the first stanza this objectivity is preserved (the field is agitated, the forest is noisy, the plum is hiding under a bush), then in the second stanza we have an individual-personal perception of nature by the hero: “the silver lily of the valley greetly nods its head to me.” We observe the same phenomenon in the third stanza: “the key ... It babbles a mysterious saga to me”).
The principle of reverse gradation underlies the creation of both the artistic time of a work and the artistic space. So, in the first stanza, summer is probably depicted. The second stanza speaks of spring (“silver lily of the valley”), the time of day here seems to spread in its uncertainty: “On a ruddy evening or in the golden hour in the morning.” And the third stanza does not contain any indication of the season at all.
art space the poem is coming by the degree of narrowing up to a certain point. In the first stanza, we see a fairly wide landscape panorama: a field, a forest, a garden. Then a bush and a lily of the valley remain in the field of view of the lyrical hero. But then again the space expands (as if it breaks through) thanks to the key that rushes from nowhere:
When the cold key plays in the ravine
And, plunging the thought into some kind of vague dream,
Babbling me a mysterious saga
About the peaceful land from which he rushes.
Here this artistic space becomes endless. This picture is the climax of the poem.
Then we plunge into the realm of feelings of the lyrical hero. And here we also observe a certain gradation. “The final quatrain contains a reverse movement - from the soul to the universe, but already enlightened and spiritualized. His four verses are the four stages of this movement: "Then the anxiety of my soul humbles itself" - inner world person; “Then the wrinkles on the forehead diverge” - the appearance of a person; “And I can comprehend happiness on earth” - the near world that surrounds a person; “And in heaven I see God” - a distant world that closes the universe; the poet's attention moves as if in divergent circles,” writes M.L. Gasparov.
Compositionally, we distinguish two symmetrical parts in the poem. The first part is pictures of nature. The second part is the area of feelings of the lyrical hero. The composition of the poem is reflected in its metrics.
The poem is written in quatrains. The first stanza is written in iambic six-foot, in the second and third - six-foot and pentameter alternate, the last stanza again returns to iambic six-foot, but the last line is shortened (iambic four-foot). Lermontov uses cross and ring (last stanza) rhymes. The poet uses a variety of means artistic expressiveness: personification (“the silver lily of the valley greedily nods her head”), epithets (“on a ruddy evening”, “at a golden hour”, “a vague dream”), an anaphor (“And I can comprehend happiness on earth, And in heaven I see God ...” ). The whole poem is a period in which there is syntactic parallelism (“Then the anxiety of my soul humbles itself, Then the wrinkles on the forehead diverge”).
Thus, the beauty and harmony of the surrounding world pacifies the excitement of the lyrical hero, the anxiety of his soul, bringing all thoughts and feelings into order. His soul aspires to God, and "how much faith, how much spiritual love is then expressed in our poet, branded by an unbelieving denier"
The poem "When the yellowing field is agitated ..." is not only about the beauty of nature, as it might seem at first glance. It is about the fact that only in unity with nature can a person find harmony.
Lermontov's early and late lyrics differ markedly. If at the very beginning creative way poet she was naively enthusiastic, then later he began to worry about public issues. That is why this work stands out from others. Below is an analysis of the poem "When the yellowing field is agitated ..."
Brief history of writing
An analysis of the poem "When the yellowing field is agitated ..." should begin with a historical remark: in 1837 Lermontov was taken into custody because of his other creation. He wrote "The Death of a Poet", dedicated to the death of Pushkin, and many officials did not like it. The poet was in custody until the extent of the revolutionary nature of the poem was ascertained.
At that time, despite his young age, Mikhail Yurievich was already skeptical about life and understood that society was not yet ready for change. The proof of this was the Decembrist uprising. During the arrest, he creates a poem that looks like an internal monologue.
This is one of the last lyric works he wrote. According to eyewitnesses, he wrote it without using ink and paper. To create the lines "When the yellowing field is agitated ..." Lermontov had to use charred matches, and as paper, take a food wrapper that an old servant brought him. Despite the fact that the poet sings of the beauties of his native land, the key idea is that the places where he spent his childhood give him strength to continue to create.
Construction features
The next point in the analysis of the poem "When the yellowing field is agitated ..." is about what meter it is written in and what rhyme is used. The work has a ring and the first stanza is written in iambic six-foot, in the second and third - the alternation of iambic six-foot and pentameter. But distinguishing feature poem "When the yellowing field is agitated ..." in that the last line is written
Lermontov usually did not use this technique, but thanks to him one gets the feeling that the poet was in a hurry to convey all his emotions and did not care about which rhyme would be more harmonious. This gives the poem a resemblance to Russian folk songs that Lermontov liked.
Literary devices
When analyzing the poem "When the yellowing field is agitated ..." it is important to clarify by what means of expression the poet managed to create an atmosphere of mystery and tranquility. In order to show the beauty of the landscape, the poet uses epithets that fill the work with colors characteristic of his poetry.
To give the poem lyricism, Lermontov turns to poetic epithets. All of the above means of expression help the reader to be transported to the described region and admire the light landscape sketches. To convey tender affection and admiration, Lermontov resorts to personification.
All of these techniques help the reader not only to present landscapes in a naturalistic way, but also to feel the breath of the breeze, and see how the field sways, and hear how the forest rustles. The reader feels peace, as once Lermontov at the sight of familiar landscapes.
Poetic images
The next point in the analysis of the poem is the definition of the images created by the poet. Of course, there is a lyrical hero in the work. Anxiety and confusion are felt in his soul, he is trying to find answers to his questions tormenting him ... And only nature is able to give him harmony and calm him down.
Nature here acts as the guardian of harmony and peace. She is always glad for the arrival of the hero and gives her beauty to make him feel enlightened. Nature always remains beautiful and majestic.
The analysis of "When the yellowing field is agitated ..." will help schoolchildren to take a deeper look at the poet's work and learn more about Lermontov's personality. This poem is the poet's monologue about what he feels, only unity with the outside world will help bring his emotions and thoughts in order. A person should not forget that man and nature are one, so you need to take care and appreciate the environment.
