Etks the head of the department of the college. Unified qualification directory of positions in the section "Qualification characteristics of the positions of education workers" - Rossiyskaya Gazeta
For many HR workers qualification guide positions managed to become a reference book. Let's talk about the use of ETCS and CEN, as well as their upcoming cancellation in connection with the final transition to professional standards.
From the article you will learn:
Qualification directory of positions - managers, specialists, workers - a set of characteristics of the main types of work in professions related to the most different areas economy. On duty, any personnel officer with experience had to turn to him. The Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation, together with the executive authorities regulating and coordinating individual economic sectors, is developing and updating unified tariff-qualification reference books (paragraph 2 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 787 of October 31, 2002).
Qualification directory of positions of workers and employees-2018: application procedure
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5 main misconceptions about professional standards.
The status and procedure for the practical use of tariff-qualification guides is determined by Article 143 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. So, according to part 8 of article 143 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, when charging for work and assigning tariff categories to employees, the following apply:
- unified tariff-qualification directory of works and professions of workers;
- unified tariff qualification directory of positions of managers, specialists and employees;
- professional standards.
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There are even individual regulations, describing in detail the rules for the application of ETKS (see "Procedure", approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 9 of February 9, 2004). Along with the provisions of the directories, state guarantees for wages fixed by federal legislation, as well as recommendations from the tripartite commission for the regulation of social and labor relations and the opinion of trade unions are taken into account. Details - in the notes "How to apply " And How ».
Important: the requirements of the ETKS and EKS apply primarily to labor relations, therefore, when concluding a civil law contract, the employer is not obliged to check the contractor for compliance with the criteria established by the directories.
Types and current editions of tariff-qualification guides
Currently, two types of qualification reference books are used - for workers (ETKS) and for employees, managers, specialists (EKS). The need to develop two separate documents arose due to significant differences in the specifics of the work assigned to different categories of personnel. Therefore, when setting tariffs or qualification requirements for working specialties (locksmith, foundry worker, welder, etc.), employers turn to ETKS, a directory of working professions.
If we are talking about a managerial or official position, the EKS is used - a unified qualification reference book for the positions of managers and employees. About billing different types work, see the article "How to install »: you will learn why it is so important to know Exact size The minimum wage, how often the salary should be indexed and whether it is legal to set different salaries for employees holding the same position.
Unified qualification directory of workers' positions
The tariff and qualification guide used to determine the complexity and payment of work, as well as to assign categories to workers, consists of more than 70 issues.
Each issue is dedicated to certain areas and areas of the economy, for example:
- No. 5 - geological exploration and topographic and geodetic works (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 16 of February 17, 2000);
- No. 16 - for the production of medical instruments, instruments and equipment (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 38 dated 5.03.2004);
- No. 24 - for general professions in chemical industries (approved by order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 208 dated March 28, 2006);
- No. 50 - for the extraction and processing of fish and seafood (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 73 of October 12, 2000);
- No. 52 - for railway, sea and river transport (approved by order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 68n dated February 18, 2013);
- No. 57 - advertising and design, restoration and layout work (approved by order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 135 dated March 21, 2008).
Some of the sections have lost their relevance (issues 30-31, 34, 38-39, 61-63, 65, 67-68), some were put into effect a very long time ago, still by Soviet decrees. For example, the sections “Dry cleaning and dyeing” and “Works and professions of laundry workers”, approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions No. 320 / 21-22 of October 31, 1984, have not yet been updated.
Qualification directory of positions of managers, specialists and employees
The unified qualification directory of positions of specialists and employees (EKS) developed by the Institute of Labor was approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 37 of 08.21.1998. Since its approval, the document has been amended and supplemented more than ten times. The current version of the ETKS is mandatory for all state and municipal organizations(in relation to positions for which professional standards have not been developed). Table "Categories and state civil service» will be useful for personnel officers of state institutions.
Requirements to commercial companies not so strict. However, Article 57 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation obliges all employers, without exception, to refer to professional standards or ETKS when entering staffing positions associated with the presence of restrictions or the provision of benefits. In other words, if the enterprise has positions that give the right to certain guarantees (early retirement, compensation for "harmfulness", etc.), their names must exactly match the wording of the ETKS or professional standards. Read more about the provision of benefits to employees in the articles "How to issue an employee's exit for "and" What compensation is due to the employee for work during ».
The document contains thirty sections in total. General characteristics positions applicable to employees of enterprises, institutions and organizations of all industries are given in the first section, approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 37 of 08.21.1998. The following are sections for individual industries:
- research, design, design and survey areas;
- health care;
- education, including professional;
- culture, art and cinematography;
- labor protection;
- electric power industry;
- architectural and urban planning activities;
- spheres civil defense and protection of the population from emergencies, ensuring the safety of people at water, mountain and underground facilities;
- geology and exploration of subsoil;
- physical culture and sports;
- tourism;
- Agriculture;
- state archives and documentation storage centers;
- military units and organizations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation;
- centers of metrology, standardization and certification;
- systems of the state material reserve;
- legal protection of the results of intellectual activity and means of individualization;
- bodies for youth affairs;
- road economy;
- hydrometeorology;
- countering technical intelligence and ensuring information security;
- nuclear energy and floating nuclear power plants;
- conflictology;
- rocket and space industry;
- translation activities;
- forensic examination;
- bodies of the Federal Migration Service.
If you pay attention to the dates of publication of orders of resolutions approving sections of the CEN, you can see that the most “fresh” provisions of the directory came into force in 2013. And since then they have not been updated, although before new sections were added almost annually. The reason for this state of affairs was the transition to professional standards - more convenient and modern system qualification assessments. Details - in the note "How to apply ”: the expert will explain who will be primarily affected by changes in legislation, how often qualification standards will be updated and how to check an employee for compliance with new requirements.
Question from practice
How to write down the position of an employee in a work book if it was not indicated in the classifier of positions and professions?
Answer prepared in collaboration with the editors
Answered by Ivan Shklovets
Deputy Head Federal Service for work and employment
Indicate the name of the employee's position in the work book in accordance with the organization's staffing table. At formation of the staffing table to an arbitrary indication of the positions of employees who receive benefits and compensation.
For example, work in a particular position may entitle an employee to early retirement. The list of positions, work in which gives the right to early appointment of a pension, is listed in the articles And Law of December 28, 2013 No. 400-FZ. If the position in the work book does not correspond to the qualification directory, the Pension Fund may deny the employee the right to an early pension ...
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Unified qualification directory of positions as a predecessor of professional standards
From the system professional standards, in connection with which additional norms appeared in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Article 195.1-195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), the unified qualification directory for the positions of managers, employees and specialists differs not only in format. Occupational standards contain more clear and structured information about the labor functions performed by employees, and fully comply with the spirit of the times.
Previously, a specialist who received a specialized education could work all his life on the same equipment, using the usual technologies and knowledge that he received at a university or technical school. But modern technologies are developing rapidly, dramatically changing the content of work and the qualification characteristics of the position. We have to radically revise existing norms and introduce new standards. As ETKS and EKS (the unified tariff and qualification directory of positions of managers, specialists and employees) gradually lose their relevance, employers are increasingly turning to professional standards when:
- recruitment;
- training, retraining, certification and career planning of employees;
- drafting job descriptions and staffing;
- formation of personnel policy and tariff scale for the work being done;
- development of wage systems.
Important: the professional standard is a universal document that establishes requirements for the conditions and content of work, as well as for the skills, knowledge and experience of a specialist.
It takes an average of 9-12 months to develop a “standard” for each individual position, so today, despite active work in this direction, new standards for a number of specialties and types of work have not yet been approved. Consequently, in 2018, it is too early to write off the unified qualification directory of employee positions and the tariff and qualification directory of working specialties.
But if there is a choice between ETKS (EKS) and the current professional standard (and there are already more than a thousand such positions), preference should be given to the latter. At least because the final abolition of reference books and a complete transition to a system of professional standards applied taking into account certain industry requirements are planned for the coming years (see letter of the Ministry of Labor of Russia No. 14-0 / 10 / 13-2253 of 04.04.
Transition to professional standards: step by step instructions
For commercial organizations, professional standards are advisory in nature. They become mandatory only in two cases (as well as directories):
- when the legislator establishes compensation or benefits for a certain type of work, or restrictions are provided for its implementation (Article 57, 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
- when the requirements for work experience and qualifications of an employee are established by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, federal legislation or other regulatory legal acts (Article 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
In the first case, you should make sure that the name of the position in the staff list, employment contract, employment order and other local documents matches the wording of the professional standard. Other aspects - features of the labor function, requirements for the level of education and length of service in the specialty - remain at the discretion of the employer. A detailed analysis of difficult situations is in the articles “How to maintain a discharge for a worker on ETKS, if ”, “How to check if the professional standard” and “How to overcome the 6 main problems that arise when ».
As for the second category of workers (which includes legal workers, teachers, doctors, and even private detectives), the requirements of professional standards apply to them in full. To understand what specific positions in question, take a look at the table for which the law establishes qualification requirements.
Organizations, enterprises and institutions of the public sector, as well as all off-budget funds, corporations and companies with a state share of more than 50% are required to switch to professional standards, whether they want it or not. To make the transition less painful, it is allowed to introduce new norms in stages (until January 1, 2020, as required by clause 1.2 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 584 of 06/27/2016). To help the personnel officer - articles "When , and when the professional standard. Six controversial situations” and “How professional standards will affect ».
Since the legislator does not regulate the procedure for switching to a system of professional standards, the employer himself decides how to act, based on the needs of the organization and the specifics of its activities.
The whole process can be divided into five successive stages:
- formation working group or a commission in which representatives of key departments (legal and personnel services, accounting, etc.) participate;
- development of a work schedule for the implementation of professional standards;
- familiarization of heads of departments and services with the schedule and legislative framework, according to which the transition is carried out;
- implementation of activities provided for by the schedule;
- summarizing the work of the commission and approving the report on the results.
Practical situation
Staffing: how to enter information without errors
The answer was prepared jointly with the editors of the journal " »
Answered by Nina KOVYAZINA,
Deputy Director of the Department of Medical Education and Personnel Policy in Health Care of the Ministry of Health of Russia
We have a small organization, and there are departments in which one person works. If an employee is a manager, should there be subordinates in the department?
Formally, the Labor Code does not prohibit the employer from creating structural units that consist of only one employee, in particular the head of the department. At the same time, the position of "leader" involves the management of subordinates. For example, the Qualification Handbook provides for such an obligation for the position of “head of personnel department” (approved by ). Qualification guides are advisory in nature. But there are exceptions...
The full version of the answer is available after free
The first step is to issue an order to establish a commission. The order lists by name all members of the commission (working group), and also indicates the time allotted for familiarization with regulatory documentation and development of a schedule.
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Each protocol is certified by the signatures of the members of the working group, including the chairman.
To change the name of the position, amend the employment contract or approve new local standards, the director of the company gives a written order (see article " does not meet the professional standard: what to do”). Fortunately, the law does not prohibit combining orders of the same type into one order and thereby saving resources. The article "Tricks that will make it easier for you to work with » will help to minimize the labor costs associated with the execution of orders, contracts, familiarization sheets and other documentation.
Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory
In accordance with Article 143 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the tariffing of work and the assignment of tariff categories to employees are carried out taking into account the unified tariff and qualification directory of work and professions of workers, the unified qualification directory for the positions of managers, specialists and employees.
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 31, 2002 N 787 established that the Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers (hereinafter - ETKS) consists of tariff and qualification characteristics containing the characteristics of the main types of work by professions of workers, depending on their complexity, and corresponding to them tariff categories, as well as the requirements for professional knowledge and skills of workers.
The development of ETKS is carried out by the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation together with federal authorities executive power, which is entrusted with the management, regulation and coordination of activities in the relevant sector (sub-sector) of the economy (paragraph 2 of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 31, 2002 N 787).
Until the approval of new issues of ETKS, issues approved by the decisions of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions and valid in Russia in accordance with the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of 05.12.1992 N 15a are applied.
Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 1 Professions of workers common to all sectors of the national economy (approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of January 31, 1985 N 31 / 3-30) (as amended on October 12, 1987 ., December 18, 1989, May 15, June 22, December 18, 1990, December 24, 1992, February 11, July 19, 1993, June 29, 1995, June 1, 1998, May 17, 2001 July 31, 2007, October 20, 2008, April 17, 2009) Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 2 Sections: “Foundry Works”, “ Welding”, “Boiler, cold-forming, drawing and spinning works”, “Forging and pressing and thermal works”, “Mechanical processing of metals and other materials”, “Metal coatings and painting”; "Enameling", "Locksmith and locksmith and assembly work" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of November 15, 1999 N 45) (as amended on November 13, 2008) Construction, installation and repair and construction works "(approved by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation of April 6, 2007 N 243) (as amended on November 28, 2008, April 30, 2009) Unified tariff-qualification reference book of works and professions of workers Issue 4 Sections: "General professions of mining and capital mining"; "General professions of work on enrichment, agglomeration, briquetting"; "Extraction and enrichment of coal and shale, construction of coal and shale mines and cuts"; "Construction of subways, tunnels and underground structures for special purposes"; "Extraction and enrichment of ore and placer minerals"; "Ore Agglomeration"; "Extraction and enrichment of mining and chemical raw materials"; "Extraction and enrichment building materials"; "Extraction and processing of peat"; "Processing brown coal and ozocerite ores" (approved by resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of August 12, 2003 N 61) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 5 Section "Geological exploration and topographic and geodetic work (approved by resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of February 17, 2000 N 16) Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 6 Sections: "Drilling Wells", "Oil and Gas Production" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of November 14, 2000 N 81) Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions workers Issue 7 Sections: "General professions of ferrous metallurgy"; "Blast furnace production", "Steel-smelting production"; "Rolling production"; "Pipe production"; "Ferroalloy production"; "Coke production"; "Production of refractories"; "Recycling of secondary metals" (approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of December 27, 1984 N 381 / 23-157) (as amended on June 12, 1990, October 20, 2008) Unified tariff-qualification directory of works and professions workers Issue 8 Sections: "General professions of non-ferrous metallurgy"; "Production of non-ferrous, rare metals and powders from non-ferrous metals"; "Processing of non-ferrous metals"; "Production of hard alloys, refractory metals and products of powder metallurgy"; "Production of electrode products". Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 9 Sections: "Operation of equipment of power plants and networks, maintenance of energy consumers"; "Repair of equipment of power plants and networks" (approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of January 16, 1985 N 18 / 2-55) (as amended on June 7, 1988, June 12, December 13, 1990, March 12, 1999 October 3, 2005) Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 10 Section "Production of watches and technical stones, watch repair" (approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of October 11, 2000 N 72) Unified tariff and qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 11 Section "Needle Production" (Appendix to the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of March 18, 2002 N 18) Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 12 Section "Remiso-reed Production" (approved by the decision of the State Committee for Labor USSR and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of March 22, 1984 N 82 / 6-38) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 13 Section "Tin-can and tubular production" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of April 17, 2000 No. N 32) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 14 Section "Production of Metal Electrodes" approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated March 5, 2004 N 37. Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 15 Section "Production of Metal Ropes, nets, springs, brushes and chains" Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 16 Section "Production of Medical Instruments, Instruments and Equipment" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of March 5, 2004 N 38) Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and professions of workers Issue 17 Section: "Production of abrasives" (approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of February 8, 1983 N 20 / 4-41) (as amended on October 20, 2008) Unified tariff and qualification reference book of works and professions workers Issue 18 Section "Production of synthetic diamonds, superhard materials and products from them and natural diamonds" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of July 26, 2002 N 52) (as amended on October 20, 2008) Unified tariff-qualification reference book of works and professions of workers Issue 19 Sections: "General professions of electrical production", "Production of electrical insulating materials", "Electric coal production", "Cable production", "Insulation and winding work", "Production of chemical and other current sources" (approved by Decree of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of April 26, 1985 N 113 / 10-32) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 20 Production of electronic equipment Sections: "General professions for the production of electronic equipment", "Semiconductor production", " Production of radio components", "Electric vacuum production", "Piezotechnical production" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of January 21, 2000 N 5) (as amended on September 12, 2001) "Production of radio equipment and wired communication equipment" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of March 7, 2001 N 23) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 22 Section "Production and Repair of Aircraft, Engines and Their Equipment" (approved by Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of March 26, 2002 N 24) Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers. Issue 23. Section: Shipbuilding and ship repair (approved by Decree of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of April 24, 1985 N 109 / 10-17) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 24 Section "General Professions of Chemical Production" (approved by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation of March 28, 2006 N 208) Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 25 Sections: "Nitrogen production and products of organic synthesis", "Basic chemical production" (approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of March 20, 1985 N 79/6 -86) Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Occupations of Workers. Issue 26. Sections: Aniline and colorful production; production of printing inks; paint and varnish production (approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of July 17, 1985 N 228 / 15-90) Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 27 Section "Production of Polymeric Materials and Products from them" Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and professions of workers Issue 28 Section "Production of chemical fibers, glass fibers, fiberglass materials, fiberglass and products from them" Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 29 Sections: "Production of medicines, vitamins, medical, bacterial and biological preparations and materials. Production of yeast. Production of citric and tartaric acids. Hydrolysis production and processing of sulfite liquors. Acetone-butyl production" Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 30 Has lost its validity. Sections: "Hydrolysis production and processing of sulfite liquors. Acetone-butyl production. Production of citric and tartaric acids. Yeast production" were transferred to ETKS Issue No. 29. Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers. The section: "Production of medicines, vitamins, medical, bacterial and biological preparations and materials" was transferred to the ETKS, issue No. 29. The unified tariff and qualification reference book of works and professions of workers, Issue 32. Contains the section: "Production of synthetic rubbers, fat substitutes and petrochemical products" (approved by Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor, All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of May 31, 1984 N 163 / 10-53) and the section "Chemical and Photographic Production" (approved by Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of November 14, 2000 N 80) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 33 Sections: "General professions for the production and processing of rubber compounds", "Production of rubber technical products, rubber shoes and consumer rubber products", "Production, restoration and repair of tires", "Manufacture of carbon black", "Regenerate production" Unified tariff and qualification reference book of works and occupations of workers Issue 34 No longer valid. Section: "Chemical and photographic production" was transferred to ETKS, issue No. 32 Unified tariff and qualification directory of works and professions of workers Issue 35 Section: "Production of artificial leather" (approved by the resolution of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of November 19, 1984 N 333/22 -73) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 36 Contains sections: "Oil, oil products, gas, shale, coal processing and maintenance main pipelines "(approved by the resolution of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of June 7, 1984 N 171 / 10-109) (as amended on February 3, 1988, August 14, 1990, November 21, 1994, July 31, 1995) and "Production of asbestos technical products" (approved by resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of February 5, 2004 N 8) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 37 Contains the section "Production of products from cork tree bark" (approved by resolution of the USSR State Committee for Labor and Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions dated July 23, 1984 N 216 / 14-3) and sections: "General professions of logging", "Logging", "Rafting", "Timber harvesting", "Processing and processing of cane" (approved by the decree of the Ministry of Labor RF dated August 29, 2001 N 65) Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 38 Has lost its effect. action. Section: "Manufacture of products from cork tree bark" was transferred to ETKS Issue No. 37 Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 40 Contains sections: "General professions of woodworking industries", "Sawmilling and woodworking", "Production of wood and fire slabs" , "Production of plywood", "Production of furniture", "Production of matches", "Production of pencils" (approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of January 10, 1985 N 7 / 2-13) and the section "Production of building materials" (approved Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of May 17, 2001 N 41) (as amended on July 12, 2002) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 41 Contains the section "Production of pulp, paper, cardboard and products from them" (with as amended on September 9, 1986, November 21, 1994) and the section "Production of glass and glass products" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of May 28, 2002 N 37) (as amended on November 11, 2008) Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 42 No longer valid. The section: "Production of building materials" was transferred to the ETCS, issue No. 40 The unified tariff and qualification reference book of works and professions of workers Issue 43 Contains the section "Primary processing of cotton and bast crops" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of March 13, 2000 N 23) Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 44 Contains sections: "General professions of textile production", "Cotton production", "Linen production", "Wool production" "Silk production", "Silk-winding production", "Knitwear production", " Felting and felt production", "Production of textile haberdashery", "Hemp jute production", "Wood production", "Production of non-woven materials", "Network knitting production", "Hand weaving" : "General professions in the production of ceramic, porcelain and faience products"; "Production of building ceramics"; "Production of electroceramic products"; "Manufacture of porcelain and faience products" (approved by Decree of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of July 23, 1984 N 218 / 14-5) and sections: "General professions of light industry", "Leather and hide production", "Production leather shoes", "Fur production", "Leather haberdashery production", "Saddlery production", "Production of technical leather products", "Bristle and brush production", "Tanning and extract production" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of February 24, 2004 d. N 22) Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 46 Section " clothing industry"(approved by resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of July 3, 2002 N 47) Unified tariff-qualification directory of works and professions of workers Issue 47 Section "Parachute production" (approved by resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of July 14, 2003 N 52) Unified tariff- Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 48 Section "General Professions of Food Production" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor and Social Development Russian Federation dated March 5, 2004 N 32) Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 49 Sections: "Production of meat products", "Bone processing and glue production", "Processing of poultry and rabbits", "Butter, cheese and dairy production" (approved by resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of March 5, 2004 N 33) Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 50 Section "Production and processing of fish and seafood" (approved by resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of October 12, 2000 N 73) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 51 Contains sections: "Production of alcoholic and non-alcoholic products", "Baking and pasta production", "Confectionery production", "Starch and milk production", "Sugar production", "Production of food concentrates", "Tobacco, tobacco and fermentation production", "Essential oil production", "Tea production", "Perfume and cosmetic production", "Fat and oil production", "Extraction and production table salt", "Extraction and processing of licorice root", "Elevator, flour-grinding and mixed fodder production", "Trade and public catering", "Production of canned food" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated March 5, 2004 N 30) Single tariff- Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 52 Sections: "Railway Transport"; "Sea and River Transport" Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 53 Section "Operation and Flight Tests of Aircraft (Aircraft)" (approved by a resolution of the Ministry of Labor RF dated April 13, 2000 N 30) Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 54 Not used Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 55 Sections: "General professions of printing production", "Form processes of printing production", "Printing processes", "Binding and finishing processes", "Type production" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of January 30, 2002 N 4) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 56 Section: Railway transport and metro (approved Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of December 6, 1983 N 283 / 24-82) (as amended on October 3, December 26, 1988, November 11, 19, December 25, 1996, May 28, 1997, 8, June 29, 1998, November 11, 2008) Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 57 Sections: "Advertising and design and layout work"; "Restoration work" (approved by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated March 21, 2008 N 135) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 58 Contains Section: "Works and Professions of Communication Workers" (approved by resolution State Committee for Labor of the USSR and the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of April 27, 1984 N 122 / 8-43, as amended on November 11, 2008) and sections: "General professions", "Film studios and enterprises, organizations of television and radio broadcasting", "Cinema network and film distribution" , "Theatrical and entertainment enterprises" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of July 16, 2003 N 54) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 59 Sections: "General Professions of Production musical instruments", "Production keyboard instruments", "Production of string instruments", "Production of plucked instruments", "Production of reed instruments", "Production of wind and percussion instruments", "Repair and restoration of musical instruments" (approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation of April 26, 2004 N 63) Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 60 Contains the section: "Production of Visual Aids" (approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of July 23, 1984 N 217 / 14-4) Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 61 Contains sections: "General professions of production art products"; "Jewelery and filigree production"; "Production of art products from metal"; "Production of art products from wood, kapokorn and birch bark"; "Laterine production"; "Production of art products from stone"; "Production of art products from papier-mâché with miniature painting"; "Production of art products from bone and horn"; "Production of art products from amber"; "Sculpture production"; "Production of art products from leather and fur"; RF of March 5, 2004 N 40) Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 62 Not applicable Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 63 Not applicable Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 64 Section: " Production of toys" (approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of May 4, 1983 N 88 / 10-32) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 65 Not applicable Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 66 Sections: "Dry cleaning and dyeing of clothes", "Works and professions of workers in laundries" (appr. Decree of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of October 31, 1984 N 320 / 21-22) Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 67 Not applicable Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 68 Not applicable and professions of workers Issue 69 Contains sections: "Gas facilities of cities, towns and settlements", "Water supply and sewerage facilities", "Green economy", "Photo works" (approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of September 18, 1984 N 272 / 17-70) (as amended on September 9, 1986, July 22 1988, January 29, 1991, June 29, 1995, November 11, 2008) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 70 Contains the section "Works and Professions of Workers in Livestock Husbandry" (approved by a resolution of the USSR State Committee for Labor and VTsSPS of July 19, 1983 N 156 / 15-28) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 71 Section "Optical-Mechanical Production" (approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of July 24, 1985 N 239/16 -26) Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers Issue 72 Section "Repair and testing of products of special production" (approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of October 24, 1985 N 352 / 22-55)There are a huge number of fields of activity, skills and positions in the world. In view of this diversity, the employer often encounters difficulties both at the level of personnel management and at the level of personnel documentation. In such cases, help unified directories and classifiers. In the article, we will discuss what the classifier of professions-2019 with the decoding of the Russian Federation and the unified tariff-qualification guide-2019 are. Let's take a closer look at the reference book of qualification characteristics.
Basic concepts
Working with unified forms, the HR specialist is often confused due to the abundance of terms and abbreviations related to job directories. Let's consider them.
| Name | Abbreviation | Decree | Content | Target |
| Unified Tariff and Qualification Guide 2019 for Worker Occupations | ETCS | Ministry of Labor dated 12.05.1992 No. 15a | Characteristics of the main types of work by profession workers | Tariffication of works, assignment of categories |
| All-Russian classifier professions and positions 2019 | OKPDTR | State Standard of the Russian Federation of December 26, 1994 No. 367 | Professions of workers, positions of employees | Statistics (estimation of the number of workers, distribution of personnel, etc.) |
| Unified qualification guide 2019 |
CEN | Ministry of Labor dated 21.08.1998 No. 37 | Job titles and qualification requirements | Unification of labor regulations |
These documents are interrelated. The 2019 General Classifier of Jobs and Professions is the basis of the CAS 2019. OKPDTR 2019, in turn, takes as the basis for its first section ETKS 2019 working professions. There is no ETKS 2019 for managers and specialists as such, therefore the second section of OKPDTR is based on a unified nomenclature of employee positions.
What is a qualification directory of positions
The unified classification directory of positions of specialists and employees (CEN) is a list of qualification characteristics ( official duties and requirements for the level of knowledge and qualifications) of managers, specialists and employees, depending on the field of activity. Additional sections of the CEN are introduced by the relevant orders of the Ministry of Labor. To date, the latest is Order No. 225n dated May 10, 2016, approving the "qualification characteristics of employees of military units and organizations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation." The frequency of updating the directory is not regulated by law. Thus, the document amended by the above Order is currently a qualification directory for the positions of workers and employees 2019.
What is it for
The EKS, which was based on the All-Russian Classifier of Occupations of Working Positions of Employees, was compiled with the aim of developing universal standards for the organization of labor. In fact, this document helps the employer to correctly build the structure of the organization. Qualification characteristics optimize the following functions:
- selection and placement of personnel;
- professional training/retraining of personnel;
- rational division of labor;
- definition of job duties and areas of responsibility of personnel.
The personnel worker relies on the 2019 Classifier of Positions and Professions in working with documents such as staffing, job descriptions, regulations on departments, etc. The OKPDTR classifier (2019) with a search by name is available on the website of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection.
How to apply it
The CSA is applicable in any enterprise, regardless of their form of ownership or organizational and legal forms of activity. However, the law does not oblige, but only recommends that the employer be guided by this document in personnel work. The procedure for the application of the CEN was approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor dated February 9, 2004 No. 9. In accordance with it, qualification characteristics form the basis job description and include three sections:
- official duties (list of labor functions, fixed in whole or in part);
- must know (special knowledge, knowledge of regulations, methods and means for performing job duties);
- qualification requirements (professional level and work experience).
It is allowed to distribute the duties that make up the qualification characteristic among several employees. The assessment of the employee's compliance with the qualification characteristics is carried out only by the attestation commission.
What to use - qualification handbook or professional standard
As we found out, the qualification of an employee is his knowledge, skills, skills and experience. The professional standard is a narrower concept and is defined as "a characteristic of the qualifications necessary for an employee to carry out a certain type of professional activity, including the performance of a certain labor function" ( Art. 195.1 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). In addition, professional standards, unlike the CSA, may be mandatory. The corresponding amendments were made to the Labor Code by Federal Law No. 122-FZ dated May 2, 2015. According to Article 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer is obliged to operate with professional standards if the requirements for the qualification necessary for the employee to perform labor functions are dictated by the Labor Code, federal law or other regulatory legal acts. In other cases, the use of professional standards is recommended but not required.
Unified qualification directory of positions of managers, specialists and employees
Size wages managers, specialists and other employees, as a general rule, is determined mainly by the amount of the official salary paid for the performance by these employees of their official duties in their positions. In this regard, a clear fixation of these duties - their content, scope, technology and responsibility, is of paramount importance for employees.
The qualification characteristics of each position consist of three sections: "Job Responsibilities"; "Must know" and "Qualification requirements".
The "Responsibilities" section contains a list of the main functions that can be entrusted in whole or in part to an employee holding this position.
The "Must Know" section contains the basic requirements for an employee with regard to special knowledge, as well as knowledge of regulatory legal acts, methods and means that an employee must be able to apply in the performance of job duties.
The "Qualification Requirements" section determines the level of professional training of the employee necessary to perform the duties assigned to him, and the required length of service.
As an example, we give the qualification characteristics of the position of director (general director, manager) of an enterprise *(1) .
Job responsibilities. Manages, in accordance with applicable law, the production, economic and financial and economic activities of the enterprise, bearing full responsibility for the consequences of decisions made, the safety and efficient use of the property of the enterprise, as well as the financial and economic results of its activities. Organizes the work and effective interaction of all structural divisions, workshops and production units, directs their activities towards the development and improvement of production, taking into account social and market priorities, increasing the efficiency of the enterprise, increasing sales volumes and increasing profits, quality and competitiveness of products, its compliance international standards in order to conquer the domestic and foreign markets and meet the needs of the population in the relevant types of domestic products. Ensures the fulfillment by the enterprise of all obligations to the federal, regional and local budgets, state non-budgetary social funds, suppliers, customers and creditors, including bank institutions, as well as economic and employment contracts(contracts) and business plans. Organizes production and economic activities based on the widespread use of the latest technology and technology, progressive forms of management and organization of labor, scientifically based standards for material, financial and labor costs, market research and best practices (domestic and foreign) in order to improve the technical level and quality in every possible way products (services), the economic efficiency of its production, the rational use of production reserves and the economical use of all types of resources. Takes measures to provide the enterprise with qualified personnel, rational use and development of their professional knowledge and experience, creation of safe and favorable working conditions for life and health, compliance with the requirements of environmental protection legislation. Provides the right combination of economic and administrative methods of leadership, unity of command and collegiality in discussing and resolving issues, material and moral incentives to improve production efficiency, application of the principle of material interest and responsibility of each employee for the work assigned to him and the results of the work of the entire team, payment of wages in deadlines. Together with labor collectives and trade union organizations, based on the principles of social partnership, it ensures the development, conclusion and implementation of a collective agreement, compliance with labor and production discipline, promotes the development of labor motivation, initiative and activity of workers and employees of the enterprise. Solves issues related to the financial, economic and production and economic activities of the enterprise, within the rights granted to it by law, entrusts the conduct of certain areas of activity to other officials - deputy directors, heads of production units and branches of enterprises, as well as functional and production divisions. Ensures compliance with the law in the activities of the enterprise and the implementation of its economic and economic relations, the use of legal means for financial management and functioning in market conditions, strengthening contractual and financial discipline, regulating social and labor relations, ensuring the investment attractiveness of the enterprise in order to maintain and expand the scale of entrepreneurial activity. Protects the property interests of the enterprise in court, arbitration, state authorities and administration.
Must know: legislative and regulatory legal acts regulating the production, economic and financial and economic activities of the enterprise, resolutions of federal, regional and local government and government bodies that determine priority areas for the development of the economy and the relevant industry; methodological and regulatory materials of other bodies relating to the activities of the enterprise; profile, specialization and features of the structure of the enterprise; prospects for technical, economic and social development of the industry and enterprise; production capacities and human resources of the enterprise; production technology of the enterprise; tax and environmental legislation; the procedure for compiling and coordinating business plans for the production, economic and financial and economic activities of the enterprise; market methods of managing and managing an enterprise; a system of economic indicators that allow the company to determine its position in the market and develop programs for entering new markets; the procedure for concluding and executing economic and financial contracts; market conditions; scientific and technological achievements and best practices in the relevant industry; management of the economy and finances of the enterprise, organization of production and labor; the procedure for the development and conclusion of sectoral tariff agreements, collective agreements and the regulation of social and labor relations; labor legislation; labor protection rules and regulations.
Qualification requirements. Higher professional (technical or engineering-economic) education and work experience in managerial positions in the industry corresponding to the profile of the enterprise for at least 5 years.
Qualification characteristics are given in the Qualification Directory of the positions of managers, specialists and other employees, approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of August 21, 1998 N 37 (as amended by the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation of November 7, 2006 N 749).
The Qualification Handbook contains two sections. The first section provides the qualification characteristics of industry-wide positions of managers, specialists and other employees (technical performers), which are widespread in enterprises, institutions and organizations, primarily in the manufacturing sectors of the economy, including those on budget financing. The second section contains the qualification characteristics of the positions of employees employed in research institutions, design, technological, design and survey organizations, as well as editorial and publishing divisions.
This guide was developed in accordance with the accepted classification of employees into three categories: managers, specialists and other employees (technical performers). The assignment of employees to categories is carried out depending on the nature of the predominantly performed work that makes up the content of the worker's work (organizational-administrative, analytical-constructive, information-technical).
The names of the positions of employees, the qualification characteristics of which are included in the Directory, are established in accordance with the All-Russian Classifier of Occupations of Workers, Positions of Employees and Wage Categories OK-016-94 (OKPDTR) (as amended by amendments 5/2004 OKPDTR, approved by Rostekhregulirovanie), introduced in effective from January 1, 1996.
In connection with the foregoing, we draw the attention of readers to the fact that, according to Art. 57 "Content of the employment contract" of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, if, in accordance with federal laws, the provision of compensation and benefits or the presence of restrictions is associated with the performance of work in certain positions, professions, specialties, then the names of these positions, professions or specialties and qualification requirements for them must correspond to the names and the requirements specified in the qualification reference books approved in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.
Thus, if, for example, the remuneration of a specialist in accordance with Art. 147 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation is made in an increased amount for work during harmful conditions labor, then the employer is obliged to be guided by the relevant qualification characteristic included in the Qualification directory of positions of managers, specialists and other employees, that is, the name of the position, profession, specialty and qualification requirements for them must correspond to the qualification characteristic.
If, in accordance with federal laws, the provision of compensations and benefits (increased wages, additional leave, therapeutic and preventive nutrition, etc.) or the presence of restrictions is not associated with the performance of work in this position, profession, specialty, then the employer is free to choice - to be guided or not to be guided by the qualification characteristic in the given case. In other words, the employer has the right to independently decide on the name of the position, profession, specialty and qualification requirements for them.
In the practical application of the Qualification Directory for the positions of managers, specialists and other employees, the following must be borne in mind.
1. The Directory does not include the qualification characteristics of secondary positions (senior and leading specialists, as well as deputy heads of departments). The duties of these employees, the requirements for their knowledge and qualifications are determined on the basis of the characteristics of the corresponding basic positions contained in the Directory. At the same time, it must be borne in mind that the use of the official title "senior" is possible provided that the employee, along with the fulfillment of the duties provided for by the position held, manages the executors subordinate to him.
The position of "senior" may be established as an exception and in the absence of performers in the direct subordination of the employee, if he is assigned the functions of managing an independent area of work.
For positions of specialists for which qualification categories are provided, the official title "senior" is not applied. In these cases, the functions of managing subordinate executors are assigned to a specialist of the first qualification category (for qualification categories of specialists, see below).
The job responsibilities of the "leaders" are established on the basis of the characteristics of the respective positions of specialists. In addition, they are entrusted with the functions of a manager and responsible executor of work in one of the areas of activity of an enterprise, institution, organization or their structural subdivisions, or duties of coordination and methodological leadership of groups of performers created in departments (bureaus). The requirements for the required work experience of leading specialists are increased by 2-3 years compared to those provided for specialists of the first qualification category.
Job responsibilities, knowledge requirements and qualifications of deputy heads of structural units are determined on the basis of the characteristics of the respective positions of heads.
2. In the qualification characteristics of positions of specialists, within the same position without changing its name, intra-position qualification categorization is provided for remuneration. Qualification categories for remuneration of specialists are established by the head of the enterprise, institution, organization.
This takes into account the degree of independence of the employee in the performance of official duties, his responsibility for decisions made, attitude to work, efficiency and quality of work, as well as professional knowledge, practical experience, determined by work experience in the specialty, etc.
As an example, we will cite the requirements for the qualification of a design engineer (designer) set out in the qualification description of this position.
Engineer: higher professional education without presenting requirements for work experience.
3. The qualification characteristics of the positions of heads (heads) of departments serve as the basis for determining job responsibilities, requirements for knowledge and qualifications.
4. Qualification characteristics can be used as normative documents of direct action or serve as the basis for the development of internal organizational and administrative documents - job descriptions containing a specific list of job duties of employees, taking into account the specifics of the organization of production, labor and management, as well as their rights and responsibilities. If necessary, the duties included in the description of a particular position can be distributed among several performers.
The qualification characteristics present the most characteristic work for each position. Therefore, when developing job descriptions, it is allowed to clarify the list of works that are characteristic of the corresponding position in specific organizational and technical conditions, and the requirements for the necessary special training of employees are established.
5. In the process of taking measures to improve the organization and increase labor efficiency, it is possible to expand the range of duties of employees in comparison with the established corresponding characteristics. In these cases, without changing the official name, the employee may be entrusted with the performance of duties stipulated by the characteristics of other positions, similar in content to work, equal in complexity, the performance of which does not require a different specialty and qualifications.
6. The compliance of the duties actually performed and the qualifications of employees with the requirements of qualification characteristics is determined by the certification commission in accordance with the current regulation on the procedure for conducting certification. At the same time, special attention is paid to the quality and efficient performance of work.
7. Persons who do not have special training or work experience established by qualification requirements, but who have sufficient practical experience and performing qualitatively and in full the duties assigned to them, on the recommendation of the attestation commission, as an exception, they can be appointed to the relevant positions in the same way as persons with special training and work experience.
8. The Directory includes the qualification characteristics of mass positions common to all sectors of the economy, the most widely used in practice. Qualification characteristics of positions specific to individual industries are developed by ministries (departments) and approved in the prescribed manner.
The Government of the Russian Federation by Decree of October 31, 2002 N 787 (as amended on December 20, 2003 N 766) approved the procedure for approving the Unified Qualification Directory for the positions of managers, specialists and employees. The Government of the Russian Federation has established (thereby confirming) that the Unified Qualification Directory for the positions of managers, specialists and employees consists of qualification characteristics for the positions of managers, specialists and employees, containing job duties and requirements for the level of knowledge and qualifications of these employees.
This resolution instructed the Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation to organize, together with the federal executive authorities, which are entrusted with the management, regulation and coordination of activities in the relevant sector (sub-sector) of the economy, the development of a unified qualification directory for the positions of managers, specialists and employees and the procedure for their application, as well as to approve the specified directory and the procedure for its application.
In pursuance of the aforementioned Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation, by Decree No. 9 of February 9, 2004, approved the Procedure for the Application of the Unified Qualification Handbook for the Positions of Managers, Specialists and Employees. The specified order basically repeats the text of the section " General provisions"Qualification directory of positions of managers, specialists and other employees.
