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DIY drum grinding machine. Drum sanders How to attach sandpaper to a sanding drum

Every DIYer who to some extent works with wood probably has a separate device dedicated to sanding, be it on sanding machine or manually, but sometimes it happens that the part being processed has a round shape or it needs to be sanded inside. In this article I will tell you how the author made sanding drums with his own hands, with the help of which Finishing work will not be a burden.

To make this homemade product we will need the following materials:
*Wooden planks, their thickness may vary, for an average drum it is 15-20mm.
*Steel rod or ready-made bolt.
*Washers and nuts.
*Sandpaper.
*Carpentry and PVA glue.
*Crowns or so-called ring drills.
*Erasers for banknotes.

First step. In order to start work, we need to decide on the dimensions of the drum, after the dimensions are selected, we select a crown for that same size. Using a bit installed in a drilling machine, we drill out 5 round blanks; you can change this number depending on the desired height and the thickness of the blanks themselves.

Second step. Armed with PVA glue, glue the adjacent surfaces of the finished round blanks and clamp them to each other using a vice, maintain gluing accuracy so that one bar does not extend beyond the edges of the other. At this stage, the strength properties of PVA glue will be sufficient.
Wait for it to dry completely, then fasten the bolt in the middle into the drilled hole and tighten it on both sides with nuts, having previously placed a washer on both sides.

Third step. This stage requires a grinding machine or sandpaper; the first method will be easier and faster. Clamp in cordless drill bolt with a finished drum and grind it with coarse sandpaper, gradually moving to a finer grain size, thereby giving a smooth surface to our drum.

Fourth step. The final stage of assembly includes cleaning the drums from dust that was formed in the previous stage, as well as covering the surface with wood glue for gluing the grinding element. Using ordinary scissors, cut out a piece of sandpaper pre-marked to size and glue it to the adhesive surface of the drum, joint to joint, and so that it does not protrude while the glue dries, secure it temporarily with rubber bands for banknotes.

After that. Once the glue has completely dried, you can use the homemade product for its intended purpose, try the drums in action.

Thank you all and good luck with your DIY inventions and gadgets.

Sanding various wooden parts– a necessity faced by everyone who wants to make repairs in their home, or with my own hands create some decorative element.

Of course, you can sand small parts with regular sandpaper, but to cope with a large amount of work, you should change the sandpaper to a grinding machine. It will help to significantly save time and quickly bring the part into the appropriate form. One of these useful devices is also a drum sanding machine.

Classification and structure

Drum-type grinding devices belong to calibration class machines. This type of grinding machine is most often used for working on wood, but it can also be used to process other materials.

A cylindrical grinding wheel (drum) allows you to calibrate boards and slats of various lengths and configurations. The workpiece can also be made from different materials: Chipboard, veneer, etc.

Structure of the grinding apparatus:

1. Cylindrical grinding drum.
2. Feeding device.
3. Dust removal device.
4. Working surface.
5. Drum speed converter.
6. The motor that drives the grinding cylinder.
7. Mounting stand key nodes machine
8. Drum height regulator.
9. Operator protection device.

The main structural elements of a drum machine are listed here. Depending on the specific model of the device and the specifics of its purpose, the configuration may vary slightly.

Main device models

Drum-type machines can be purchased ready-to-use. There are several of the most popular and widespread brands for the production of these devices. It makes sense to present their individual models.

JET Company. The American company specializes in the production of modern machines of the most various types, including drums. Its product line includes several grinding machines with a cylindrical working wheel.

• JET DDS-225. This machine is one of the most powerful devices of this type in the manufacturer’s line. It is used both in home workshops and in small industries. Characteristic– double grinding drum. The cost of this machine is appropriate - from 150,000 rubles.
• JET 10-20 PLUS. Compact grinding device that allows you to process up to 50 centimeters of surfaces. Perfect for small home workshops. The cost does not exceed 25 thousand rubles.
• JET 16-23 PLUS. It is considered one of the most versatile machines of its type. It is used for processing building materials, kitchen appliances and even musical instruments. Most often, such a machine is used in small furniture production enterprises.

Corvette 57. A Chinese-made machine, which is quite different high quality assembly and wide functionality. The machine is designed for grinding flat surfaces of wooden workpieces and turning parts to required sizes. The machine has a fairly affordable price - 24 thousand rubles.

In addition to these machines, there are also good options from German manufacturers. It is worth noting that depending on the price, German companies They also offer corresponding sets of capabilities for their devices. The minimum amount for which you can purchase a grinding machine in the basic configuration is 15-16 thousand rubles.

Video: step by step production drum grinding machine.

How to make a grinding machine with your own hands?

If you can’t pay quite a lot of money for a decent version of a drum sanding machine, then you should try to make it yourself. For a person who is well versed in mechanics, this is not a very difficult task. In addition, this way you will be able to save significant financial resources.

In order to assemble a drum sanding machine at home, you need to acquire the following parts:

1. Grinding drum. A cylindrical device can be created on the basis of “garbage” building materials. For these purposes, even pieces of wooden blocks are often used, which are evenly attached to a special metal axis using glue. In this case, special attention should be paid to the tight fit of these bars to each other. The drum can also be made on the basis of a polyvinyl chloride pipe with a diameter of up to 10 cm, which is placed on an iron rod with a diameter of 1.5-2 cm. It should be slightly shorter in length than the rod itself. We insert special plugs with holes for the rod into the ends of the pipe. We recommend securing the plugs with screws. We thread and secure the rod. We wrap a thick layer of rubber around the pipe, onto which it will be attached. sandpaper.
2. Engine. It is best to use a working engine from an old one washing machine(like pulleys, belts, etc.). The optimal motor power should be from 200 to 300 W. It is desirable that the motor is also asynchronous and single-phase. RPM level – 2000-3000.
3. Frame. The design should be simple and convenient. It is best for the machine body to consist of two side panels, a spacer and the table itself. Special attention You should pay attention to the strength and rigidity of the work table, which should not be deformed when the workpiece being processed is pressed onto the drum. The desktop must consist of a base and a moving part.

Once the main parts of the machine have been assembled separately, you can begin final assembly the entire apparatus. First of all, you should attach the motor to the bottom of the machine body in place drilled holes. The grinding drum is installed in the upper part of the housing and attached to two bearings, which are located on the side walls of the housing.

Then we attach special pulleys to the drum and motor and tighten the drive belt. After all the necessary preparations with the electrical wires, we fasten the desktop with special bolts that will hold it at the required level. Experts strongly recommend installing a protective casing on the machine.

It is worth noting that self-creation A drum sander also does not come without certain costs. First of all, this concerns your time, but the machine will cost you less than a factory one only if you have a working motor. Without an engine and certain skills, it is almost impossible to create a cheap analogue of a branded machine.

This instructable will show you in detail how to make homemade sanding drums for drilling machine. Drums can be made different diameters, with different sizes of sandpaper. The result of simple manipulations can be a decent set of sanding drums, which will allow you to easily carry out any finishing work.

Materials

• Wood;
• steel rod or bolt;
• washers and nuts;
• sandpaper;
• wood glue;
• PVA glue;
• ring drills;
• rubber bands.

Step 1. First you need to decide on the diameter of the grinding drum. Start from this when choosing a ring drill for further work.

Step 2. Using a ring drill, cut 5 round blanks from the board. Their number may vary, depending on the height of the board itself and the desired height of the drum.

Step 3. Place the finished wooden circles one on top of the other, coating the touching surfaces with PVA glue. Don't use too much glue. Clamp the resulting block, with the surfaces not yet glued, in a vice. Check that no circle is out of line. Clamp the drum blank tightly and leave it in the vice until the glue dries completely. The strength of PVA glue is quite sufficient for this stage, since in the future the drum rings will be attached with a bolt.

Step 4. Ready wooden drums be sure to sand it down. Note that what smaller size drum, the more careful the processing should be. After sanding the drums, be sure to remove any dust remaining from sanding from the surface.

Step 5. Drill the drums, choosing a drill bit that matches the size of the rod or bolt you have. After this, insert the bolt into the resulting hole and secure it with washers and nuts.

Step 6. Now it's time final stage. After cleaning the surface of the drums again, coat it with wood glue. Cut out a piece of sandpaper and glue it end to end to the glue-coated surface. Press the paper firmly against the drum with your hands, smooth it out and secure the entire structure with rubber bands.

Every person who has had to deal with wood processing knows the importance of final sanding of the finished product.

This also applies to holders for various agricultural implements, and wooden furniture, and building elements (doors, windows, window sills) and any other wood products. Sanding allows you to remove burrs, as well as make the wood smooth and shiny.

Of course, sanding work can be done using a regular piece of sandpaper or a special attachment on a drill or angle grinder. But this takes a lot of time and does not ensure the ideal shape of the product. Therefore, for such purposes, various grinding machines.

Most often in living conditions and in small-scale production they use a drum grinding machine, a device, the principle of operation and the possibility of making it with your own hands we will consider in this publication.

1 Drum sander - device, principle of operation

The drum grinder gets its name from the rotating cylinder - the drum, which, in fact, performs the grinding function.

In addition to the grinding itself, which allows you to remove burrs and give the wooden surface an ideal smoothness, such devices also perform a calibration function. Grinder drum or any other type allows you to adjust the wooden part to required sizes accurate to the millimeter.

This machine is used for finishing grinding and calibration of flat and long wood products, such as panel surfaces made of wood, chipboard, fiberboard, etc., doors, window sills, etc. The use of such a device for processing cylindrical parts is not possible.

1.1 Main components

Drum sanding machine appearance and the set of main components does not differ fundamentally from any other machines.

The basic package of such a device includes the following elements:

1. The bed is the part of any machine to which all other elements are attached.
2. The engine performs the function of driving the moving parts of the machine. Most often, drum sanders for wood are equipped with two motors. One rotates the drum itself according to the principle of a drill, the second sets the feed belt in motion.
3. A sanding planing drum on which the sanding belt is wound and attached. It is necessarily equipped with a tension mechanism, with the help of which, when the tape is heated, it is automatically tensioned. A rotating drum with a sanding belt directly imparts smoothness to the wood product.
4. Feed drum with conveyor belt. This part of the wood lathe performs independent wiring wooden product on the grinding drum. Thanks to flat surface conveyor and the same distance from the belt to the drum along its entire plane, the product is uniformly adjusted to the required dimensions.
5. A mechanism that regulates the speed of the conveyor belt.
6. Sanding drum fixing posts equipped with a ruler. A ruler and screw fixation on the stands allow you to set the required thickness to which the product should be adjusted.
7. The protective casing covers the grinding drum to prevent injury during operation.
8. Machine for removing dust and chips.

1.2 Operating principle

This grinding machine works on the principle of a drill. Its grinding part is rotated by a motor high speed– on average 2000 rpm.

The sanding machine can have different weights, different sizes, the length of the sanding drum, the length and width of the conveyor belt, the maximum and minimum installation height of the drum, etc.

Choice technical parameters the device depends on the functions for which it is purchased.

After installing the machine, you need to calibrate the grinding drum to avoid eccentric rotation and unnecessary vibrations. In addition, an uncentered drum will not be able to clean the products evenly.

To do this, we take two beams of the same height, install them on the feeding belt, lower the drum onto them and fix them in this position. Next, we set the height of the mechanism, depending on the size of the part being sanded.

We turn on the installation. For the first pass it is better to set the minimum speed of the feed belt, for the final – maximum – 3 meters per minute.

The grinding drum should gain momentum, similar to the principle of a drill. After that we put wooden beam to be processed onto the conveyor belt. The passage of the timber under the drum occurs automatically.

Repeat this action required quantity times until our part comes into the desired shape and acquires the specified dimensions.

If the sides of the product have different size, the height of the drum must be adjusted for each change in parameters.

2 Types of machines

If we talk about grinding machines in general, their classification is based on two parameters: scope and functions performed.

By area of ​​application, machines are:

• cylindrical grinding machines. Designed for processing parts with a round cross-section;
• surface grinding. Their task is to grind flat parts. The drum machine also belongs to this type;
• internal grinding. With the help of such mechanisms, the internal surfaces of the product are processed. Drills are often used for this purpose;
• specialized. Designed for processing complex surfaces - threads, grooves, teeth, etc.

Different machines can perform different functions:

• trimming and stripping;
• sharpening;
• grinding.

2.1 Making a drum machine with your own hands

It is difficult to make a drum sander for untreated wood with your own hands, but it is quite possible.

For this we take a list necessary elements and looking for suitable material and spare parts.

And so, we need:

1. Bed. For these purposes, any stable workbench or table to which you can screw other elements of the machine is suitable. It is better if the frame is metal. If you have to use a wooden structure, you need to qualitatively strengthen it with your own hands.
2. Electric motor with a power of 200-300 W. The speed should be 1500-2000 rpm. It's better if it's single-phase asynchronous motor. For these purposes, a mechanism from an old washing machine (in this case we also take pulleys with a belt), drills, grinders, etc. is suitable.
3. Sanding drum for wood. This is probably the most important and most difficult part of the machine, on which the quality of the work performed will depend. We’ll talk about how and what to make a homemade grinding drum with your own hands later.
4. Drum stands. The device that fixes the drum and regulates its height can be made of wooden beams. The mechanism that regulates the height can be made with your own hands in two versions. First option - through holes on the racks through which the drum will be attached. This option is simpler, but it allows you to work only with a fixed adjustment step of about 1 cm. The second option is long screws installed perpendicular to the drum. In this case, by pressing the screws we can raise the grinding device, and by releasing it we can lower it. In the second option, it is possible to adjust the height with millimeter precision.

We will not make a conveyor belt with our own hands. This is possible, but it is not necessary. Submit to homemade machines, as a rule, is carried out manually.

2.2 Making a drum

Before we begin making the drum itself, we need to clearly understand what functions our machine will perform. The fact is that the smaller the size of the cylinder, the easier and faster it will be rotated by the motor from the drill.

To make a grinding drum, we need a piece of anything that has a cylindrical shape, the required length and diameter. It can be a wooden beam with a round cross-section, a PVC pipe, metal pipe and much more.

We will consider as material PVC pipe for making a drum with your own hands.

1. Take the required size piece plastic pipe. We will also need a metal pin that acts as an axis, wooden or plastic plugs that match the diameter of the inner diameter of the pipe, self-tapping screws, rubber, and glue.
2. We take plugs and make holes in them corresponding in diameter to the thickness of the rod.
3. The holes in the plugs must be strictly in the center. The slightest eccentricity of the drum will lead to malfunction machine
4. We fit the plugs tightly into the pipe and fix them with self-tapping screws.
5. Insert the pin into the holes in the plugs. The axis should protrude 2-3 cm from the cylinder on each side. It is this that will serve as an attachment to the adjustment posts.
6. We glue rubber onto the drum. To her It will be easier to attach the sanding belt.

2.3 Assembling the machine

To assemble the machine you need:

1. Install the stands on the bed.
2. Attach the drum to them so that its lifting height can be adjusted.
3. Connect the motor to the drum using a belt or chain drive.
4. You can start working.

2.4 Homemade drum sander (video)

During production wooden structures It is imperative to clean their surfaces. Manual labor will take a long time and will not be productive. Factory grinding centers are expensive. Therefore, in some cases it is more advisable to make the machine yourself.

Drum machine design

Manufacturing should begin with studying the design features of this type of equipment. The drum type grinding machine is designed for processing wooden surfaces, their alignment and deburring.

The device belongs to a type of wood surface grinder that performs a calibration function. There are many models and types of equipment. But main task Before making a unit with your own hands, you need to choose the optimal design. The best option is a detailed acquaintance with factory analogues and drawing up a manufacturing scheme based on the data obtained.

Structurally, the machine must consist of the following components:

• frame. The main parts of the equipment are attached to it;
• power unit. Most often, an asynchronous electric motor is installed for this purpose;
• grinding drum. It is important to choose the correct diameter and method for removing chips. With your own hands you can make a base on which the sanding tape is installed. Or order a cylindrical head with a professional turner cutting edge. It all depends on the type of work;
• device for changing the frequency of the motor shaft;
• Desktop. The workpiece will be placed on it. When making a machine with your own hands, experts recommend making this component from fiberglass;

Additionally, drum grinding equipment can be equipped with a mechanism for removing dust and chips from the processing area. It is also recommended to make a working table with a variable height relative to the snare drum. This will allow you to process part of the end of the wooden workpiece.

If grinding the outer or inner surface of the board is necessary, the drum should be positioned horizontally. At the same time, it is possible to adjust it in height.

Types of drum grinding machines

The next step is to select the design of the wood cutting machine. The main parameter is the shape of the wooden blank and the degree of its processing. Homemade drum-type equipment is designed to form smooth and smooth surfaces with a small area.

Factory production lines require dedicated processing centers. They have complex functionality and can perform several operations simultaneously. However, their main disadvantage is high price. Therefore, it is not advisable to consider them as home equipment.

Exist following types machining centers:

• surface grinding. Processing is performed in one plane. Can be used as an example for self-production;
• cylindrical grinding. Designed for processing cylindrical surfaces. For this purpose, the package includes several nozzles with different diameters;
• planetary. With their help, a flat plane is formed on products with a large area.

To complete a small home workshop, surface grinding models are most often chosen. They are distinguished by their simple design, availability of components and relatively quick production.

In addition to leveling, drum sanders can be used to remove layers of paint or varnish. They are used for restoration old furniture or do-it-yourself wooden interior parts.

Making your own grinding machine

The most simple model The do-it-yourself machine is a drill that is mounted on a bed. Sanding cylinders are machined from wood and sandpaper with the required grain size is attached to their surface.

But this design has little functionality. For processing medium volumes, it is recommended to make woodworking equipment according to a different principle. First of all, you need to choose the right power unit. Most often, an electric motor with a power of up to 2 kW and a speed of up to 1500 rpm is used. These requirements are met by asynchronous models, which can be taken from old household appliances– washing machine or vacuum cleaner.

The procedure for making a homemade machine.

1. Frame. It should be quite stable. Therefore, it is made from sheet steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm or more. As an alternative, you can consider plexiglass with a thickness of 10 mm.
2. The engine is installed so that the shaft is in a vertical plane.
3. Drum for processing. If you plan to perform only grinding work, an abrasive belt is installed on it. For deeper processing, you will need to make a steel cone with a cutting edge.
4. Desktop. It is located at the top of the diagram. It is recommended to make it adjustable relative to a fixed cylinder.
5. Control block. DIY designs rarely provide the ability to adjust the engine speed. Therefore, the block will consist of buttons for turning the unit on and off.

Homemade machine