What is a potential equalization system and why is it needed. What is potential equalization? Introductory information Why do we need a potential equalization box
Our life is impossible without electricity. And now it is even difficult to imagine how our distant ancestors managed without this necessary and at the same time dangerous energy. Electric wires stretch to each house, ensuring the operation of various household appliances. However, along with them, various equally necessary communications made of metal are laid: pipes, metal hoses, ventilation ducts, etc. The apartments also have a lot metal products. Thus, there is a possibility of electric shock. And to prevent this from happening, such a system as potential equalization is used.
What is it, is it really necessary or can we do without it, we will learn from this article. After all, not everyone is familiar with such a concept, but meanwhile, it is important point on which the life and safety of each of us depends.
Some physics lessons
As we remember from school, and in particular from physics lessons, any conductor has an electrical potential, which in itself is not dangerous. The threat lies precisely in the potential difference between different products, usually made of metal. As this difference increases, so does the risk of electric shock.
To understand exactly what potential equalization is, we can give an example. metal surface refrigerator has its potential, it is safe. A water pipe that may be nearby also has its potential value. And here the main thing is how much the potential of the refrigerator exceeds the potential of the pipe. And as we remember, the potential difference is the voltage. And accidentally touching these objects can pose a serious danger. Human body in this case, it acts as a jumper on the path from a larger potential to a smaller one. It is worth noting that all pipes and common house communication systems have a close connection with each other.
Someone may object, saying that the magnitude of this voltage is not dangerous for humans, since no phase is supplied to the objects in question. In fact, there are times when even an ordinary ventilation duct can acquire a dangerous electrical potential. And here we smoothly move on to the term potential equalization, which is discussed below.
What does the term SOUP mean?
This definition refers to a special connection metal structures conducting current in such a way that no potential difference is created between them. And, as a result, the risk of electric shock is also absent. The potential difference arises against the background of various phenomena:
- atmospheric surges;
- stray current;
- static stress;
- circulating ground current.
However, current leakage from electrical wiring through metal structures, of which the house is full, is the most dangerous. Potential can also slip through the cases of household appliances.
In other words, if there is a connection between all products, surfaces or structures, then they all have the same electrical potential. And since there is no potential difference, then there will be no voltage.
Necessary measure
The potential equalization system was not created out of a whim, but is a necessary measure, since we are talking about human life and safety. Especially when it comes to providing protection against electric shock in residential buildings. Increased attention during electro installation work given to all available metal connections. The bath and pipelines carry a big risk.
Sometimes on sewers and water pipes different potentials appear. In this case, anyone can get a shock just by touching the faucet. However, this is only possible when these pipes act as a ground electrode or neutral conductor.
The need for such a protective measure is also caused by the fact that most residential buildings contain a considerable number of potential conductors. This is reinforcement embedded in the walls for rigidity. In addition to the water supply and heating systems, usually with metal pipes, there are also air conditioning, ventilation, and lightning protection systems. That is, equalization of potential is rather a necessary measure.
Ground bus
The EMS system alone is not enough, as various unforeseen circumstances may arise. Meanwhile, electricity must be safely diverted at any time. And for this, all conductive objects and elements are united by a ground bus, which is usually installed on the way to the building. And as an additional measure, a conductor coming from the PE electrical panel is connected to the busbar.
What does it give and what will happen if this is neglected? For example, an insulation breakdown occurred in the wiring, and the appearance of a phase on the case is also possible washing machine. Then, standing on the ground, you can get an electric shock, and not only in contact with metal objects, but also with those that do not conduct electricity.
It turns out that a whole electrical circuit is created, through which the current rushes to the ground, but before that it passes through the human body. Thanks to the potential equalization system, all devices and objects are connected to the PE ground bus of the electrical panel, the current energy rushes through the conductor with the least resistance. And a safe current will pass through the human body.
Bathroom - a high-risk area
The bathroom, due to the almost constant high level of humidity, is a dangerous type of premises in terms of electrical safety. In addition, it is here that most of the metal pipes pass. Just in this room or in close proximity to it, a box is placed, and in it is a ground bus. With the help of bolts, conductors are attached to it, which connect all the conductive objects of the room.
It should be kept in mind, however, that each metal object or conductive surface, only one conductor should go. You need to connect all items with a common wire in order to save money. As an exception, you can make a ground loop in a private house, in which there is one serial connection, but without breaking the conductor.
Also, using separate wires, you need to connect all the available sockets in the room. If the bathroom door is metal, which improves the design, it is necessary to ground the door frame with a separate conductor.
In most cases, a box with a tire is installed in the place of the bathroom, where there is an accumulation of pipes. Usually, this area is sewn up by many residents to hide the unsightly view from the eyes. And there is a door for access.
Old is not always safe
In the old days, when the USSR still existed, the grounding system of the TN-C type was widely used. Stalinka, Brezhnevka, Khrushchev - all these houses were equipped with this particular system, which protected residents from accidental electric shock. In it, the protective and working wires are combined into a single conductor, called PEN. He, in turn, was connected to the switchgear of the building. The installation of the system was carried out in accordance with the rules for the installation of electrical potential equalization (PUE) of that time.
What was good about her? First of all - the simplicity of work and low cost. The system provides reliable protection against overcurrents. If necessary, circuit breakers are activated. However, there is a significant drawback - this is the absence of a separate ground conductor. This fact calls into question its use in multi-apartment residential buildings.
This type of grounding can be dangerous in the case of single-phase wiring, as it often ignites. But a much greater danger is fraught with a break in the PEN wire, or, as it is also called, zero burnout. This means that a phase may appear on the body of household appliances, which is not good. This usually happens when the current consumption is significantly higher than normal.
Currently, such a ground loop is no longer used in private homes. The same can be said about the construction of new buildings - the TN-C system has already lost its relevance. This is explained by the fact that modern household appliances have significantly increased in power. In addition, if there is of this type grounding, it is forbidden to carry out the installation of the EMS.
Varieties
There are only two types of soup:
- OSUP;
- DSUP.
In this case, the first is considered the main one, and the second is an additional measure. They also have differences, but in quality ideal option it's better to use both of them. Let's figure out why.
OSUP system
IN modern construction the BPCS system is provided for at the design stage of buildings, and its installation is carried out before residents move in. Part of the system are:
- ground loop;
- OSUP conductors;
- protective PE conductors;
- main ground bus.
The main task of this system is to protect the building from the penetration of electricity through any conductive paths. These can be engineering communications pipelines, a metal fire escape and other objects. When a high potential hits them from an external source, thanks to the BPCS, it will be immediately redirected to the ground.
The system successfully works with several types of grounding:
- TN-C-S;
- TN-S;
During installation, it should be remembered that the connection of conductors of the PE (protective) and N (working zero) types is strictly unacceptable. It is also strictly forbidden to connect when using loops. In addition, switching devices must not be included in the circuit.
DSUP system
If the task of the OSUP system is to ensure the electrical safety of the entire house, then the installation of the DSUP potential equalization system narrows the scope to any specific room. Often this is the bathroom.
This is usually not necessary, as the BPCS provides excellent protection functions. But as soon as the tenants begin to redo something, violating the integrity of the project of the house, then here you simply cannot do without DSUP. Many landlords change metal pipelines on plastic. Such a forced measure, on the one hand, is justified, but on the other, a problem arises. All electrical connections that were provided by the builders are broken. And this already increases the risk of electrical injury.
In addition to the bathroom, the kitchen can also have high-risk electrical equipment. This system consists of the following elements:
- potential equalization box (kup);
- connecting conductors.
According to physical laws, the electric potential tends to change on a long conductor. That is, on the introductory section of the pipe it has the same meaning, and on the 9th or even 15th floor it has a different meaning. And the difference can be significant.
Carrying out the installation of DCS
Before installing the EMS, the first step is to find out which grounding system is used in the building. If TN-C, then it is impossible to carry out work in any case! Such a move could pose a serious threat to neighbors who do not have an EMS.
Before the work itself, you need to make sure that you have:
- terminal box (KDUP or KUP) - for a bathroom it is better with IP54 protection or more;
- copper single-core wire with a cross section of at least 6 mm;
- protective wires;
- fasteners (clamps, bolts, etc.).
After that, it is desirable to draw up a diagram on which to indicate the connection of all elements of the circuit, including the path of the conductor from the PMC box to the main ground bus of the electrical panel. And in order for the additional potential equalization system to work well, you need to clean the contact area well under the clamps.
The next step is to install the mounting box in a convenient location. This will be followed by the connection of the PE conductor, which is usually connected to the shield from the external ground loop, with the box bus using a prepared copper wire. After that, it is connected by means of separate wires to each conductive element, according to the drawn up diagram.
Moreover, if there are sections where the conductors of the main potential equalization system will not receive mechanical damage, then you can use a small section - 2.5 mm, in other cases it is better to choose a slightly thicker wire (4 or 6 mm).
Final stage
After installation of the DSUP system, it is imperative to take measurements in order to check its performance in order to avoid accidents. To do this, you will need to call an electrician or order the appropriate service from specialists in an electrical laboratory.
Modern apartment buildings equipped with various engineering systems and numerous household appliances, the metal elements of which serve as conductors of electric current and have their own potential. During normal operation, the potential is close to zero and does not differ from the potential of the surface and other surrounding objects. In the event of an accident, for example, insulation damage or potential drift through pipes, the potential of conductive parts can rise to several hundred volts. When a person touches two objects with different potentials at the same time, there is a danger of hitting him electric shock. The cause of voltage on metal conductive parts can be not only damaged insulation, but also static electricity, as well as stray currents of grounding systems. If an electric current flows through the grounding device, it also becomes energized and does not guarantee an adequate level of safety.
Reliable protection provides a potential equalization system (SES), organized according to the principle electrical connection all accessible to touch conductive parts of the building with a zero protective conductor PE. IN this case, potentially dangerous metal parts will be at the same potential, which reduces the likelihood of electric shock if they are touched at the same time.
Rationing of the potential equalization system
Additional potential equalization system
In areas of increased risk of electric shock to people, such as a bathroom, sauna, kitchen or shower room, an additional potential equalization system (DSUP) should be installed to ensure a sufficient level of electrical safety in the event of an emergency. The additional potential equalization system interconnects all open and third-party conductive parts that are simultaneously accessible to touch, neutral and grounding protective conductors of all equipment (depending on the type of system), including protective conductors of plug sockets. see clause 1.7.83 PUE. The DSUP connection diagram is shown in the figure below.
As can be seen from the diagram, all potentially dangerous conductive structures are connected to the terminal box (bus) in the potential equalization box, which makes it possible to organize a DCS without extending protective conductors from each element to the switchboard of the apartment (house).
The DSUP bus is made of copper with a cross section of at least 10 mm 2, connecting six or more connectors to it.
The PMC is connected to the ground bus of the input switchboard using a copper protective PE conductor with a cross section of 6 mm2, thus grounding all the metal parts of the room. Third-party conductive elements that go outside the premises are also subject to mandatory connection to the DSUP.
In the houses of the new housing stock, the conductors of the EMS are laid at the construction stage, together with the installation of electrical wiring. In case of their absence, for some reason, the conductors can be laid on their own by cutting narrow grooves in the floor screed for this. Before starting work, make sure that there are no other communications in the floor. Conductors are connected to grounded objects by bolted connections, clamps or welding of contact tabs, which ensures a strong metal connection between them.
DSUP is performed using specially provided conductors or open and third-party conductive elements are used that meet the requirements of clause 1.7.122 of the Electrical Installation Code for protective conductors. see clause 1.7.83 PUE. Provided there is no mechanical impact, the required cross section for conductors is 2.5 mm 2 or more. With a possible mechanical impact, conductors with a cross section of 4 mm 2 or more are used. The connection of two open conductive elements is performed by a conductor with a cross section not less than the cross section of the smaller of the protective conductors connected to them. The cross section of the DSUP conductors connecting the open and third-party conductive parts must be at least half the cross section of the protective conductor connected to the open conductive part. see clause 1.7.138 PUE.
Potential equalization restrictions
Installation of the EMS is carried out at the stage of construction of the building. However, there is a limitation on its use in existing buildings. In houses with a TN-C grounding system, with a combined PEN conductor, it is strictly forbidden to perform additional potential equalization. Otherwise, if the neutral wire breaks, there is a danger of electric shock to the rest of the tenants who have not made the DSUP. As a rule, this restriction applies to multi-storey buildings of the old housing stock.
The problem is solved if it is possible to switch to the TN-C-S grounding system: why is the PEN conductor divided into PE and N conductors at the GZSH in the building's input-distribution device, a ground loop is made and connected to the main ground bus copper wire. The current trend to carry out communications (water supply and sewerage) plastic pipes, does not require combining them into a potential equalization system. Replacing metal pipes in the existing DSUP with non-conductive plastic pipes leads to a disruption in the electrical connection with the ground bus of all other metal elements of the room (batteries, heated towel rails, etc.), making them potentially dangerous to humans in case of simultaneous contact.
Conclusion
Modern norms and building regulations give Special attention correct installation of the potential equalization system. It is first inspected and checked for compliance project documentation when putting the house into operation. Electrical safety is ensured by organizing the electrical connection of all conductive parts of the building accessible to touch with the GZSH using PE conductors. OCUP is supplemented by a potential equalization system in areas with an increased risk of electric shock.
It is important to remember that DSUP is only possible in houses with grounding systems with separate laying of PE and N conductors. These include modern system grounding TN-S, as well as an upgraded system to the TN-C-S scheme.
When installing the SIS, it is imperative to ensure a strong metal connection between its elements connected in a radial pattern in compliance with the required cross-section of protective conductors.
see also:
Potential equalization - intelligibly. Every person who studied physics at school remembers that any conductor is endowed with its own potential. By itself, the potential does not pose any danger, the difference in potentials that any metal product has is dangerous. The more significant this difference, the higher the likelihood of getting an electric shock. How is potential equalization carried out?
What is the meaning of potential equalization?
Such a phenomenon as a potential difference can be provoked big amount various factors. Some of them look like this:
– Overvoltages in the atmosphere;
- Wandering bundles of energy;
– Static voltage;
The most dangerous is such a potential difference that occurs as a result of voltage leakage from faulty sections of electrical wiring through things made of metal or electrical household equipment. As an example, consider the following situation: a person living in high-rise building, while in his bathroom, touches a pipe made of metal and receives an electric shock. A similar situation arose due to the fact that the insulation of an electrical appliance located in another apartment is faulty. Due to faulty insulation, the potential of the metal pipe changed and the person who touched it received an electric shock.
In order to equalize the potentials of all electrical appliances that may be dangerous, they must be combined. The easiest way to do this is with copper wire, uniting nearby devices, pipes and other objects. By creating a common circuit between pipes or between appliances, a person equalizes the potential.
However, the union of all potentially dangerous objects is not enough. For complete safety in the process of using electrical household appliances, it is necessary that the wiring be grounded.
Potential equalization system
The potential equalization mechanism is a rather important system. At the same time, everyone, having the necessary information at their disposal, can assemble such a mechanism with their own hands, without involving assistants from outside. Installation of such a system is carried out in 5 stages, these stages look as follows:
- Installation of a box in which the ground bus will be placed;
– Mounting from the busbar and connecting a copper electrical cord with insulation. The cross section of the cord should not be less than 4 millimeters;
- Separate cords are placed in a pre-prepared channel inside the wall, which will connect the devices to each other. This is how potential equalization occurs.
Over time, buildings acquire an ever wider and more sophisticated system of electrical equipment. Thus, consumers with low voltage can suffer more damage from surges caused by lightning and arising from the effects of electrical impulses and the reduction of the separating dangerous space between electrical objects and the lightning rod. Volumetric system electrically conductive networks are organized by information supply, antenna structures, centralized heating communications, water supply, gas and power systems. The only lightning protection under the influence of an electromagnetic pulse is not able to prevent damage to rather weak equipment. Therefore, a general lightning protection network should be formed, and first of all, the main potential equalization system.
What is it used for
Potential equalization is used to ensure equalization in all interconnected metal parts of a building, i.e. to form an equipotential surface. In this case, when an increased potential enters the house on all metal structures, it increases synchronously, due to which a dangerous voltage difference does not develop and sparking and the passage of dangerous currents do not form.
Connecting elements
Important protective measure is the creation of the main potential equalization system. It connects the grounding main bus, the main grounding line, the protective main line and conductive elements, which include:
- reinforcing parts of structures with a reinforced concrete base;
- building elements made of metal, climate systems, centralized heating;
- steel pipelines for system power supply.
Most often, the potential equalization system has only one output method. In the distribution element room, the main busbar is mounted as close as possible to the injection point.
Lightning protection system
Due to the rapid rise of the current and its great strength When lightning strikes, a huge potential difference is created, much greater than that which occurs due to current leakage. Therefore, potential equalization is required to protect against the influence of lightning currents.
To prevent an uncontrolled short circuit, a lightning protection structure, grounding system, metal equipment, electrical installations with protective mechanisms should be side-by-side or directly combined.
Potential equalization bus with open access for verification work must be connected to the equalizing system. The bus also has a ground connection. IN large buildings there may be several of them, if they have a connection with each other.
Potential equalization in the lightning protection system is carried out at the point where the conductors enter the room and where the safe distances are violated, at the level of the soil or in the basement.
A house built using a steel frame or reinforced concrete base, or with a separate room for external lightning protection, must have potential equalization at ground level. In houses with a height of more than 30 m, it is performed every 20 m.
Lightning conductive parts are installed at a safe distance to prevent the occurrence of impulse reactions. If it is impossible to maintain a safe distance of the potential equalization system, the lightning diversion device and the receiver form complementary connections between themselves. It is worth noting that they can lead to the entry of increased potential into the structure.
Complementary device
An additional potential equalization system is being created, the PUE of which determines the form and application, at the locations of electrical equipment where the existing conditions can be dangerous, and if the standards indicate the need for it. It forms a connection between all parts of the existing equipment and third-party conductors that are next to them.
Typical premises and objects in which additional security measures should be used are antenna equipment, lightning protection facilities, remote communication facilities, areas with a high explosion hazard, hospitals, fountains, water parks, bathrooms. The company that performs the installation work must carry it out in accordance with the instructions of PUE-7.
Lightning protection potentials and accessories
The connection of the lightning protection system and equipment parts, which includes air ducts for climatic and ventilation devices, crane frames, elevator guide elements, pipelines of such systems as fire extinguishing, heat supply, gas and water supply. If possible, each metal structure is connected to equalization busbars. Electrically conductive pipes can act as connecting lines (with the exception of a gas pipeline).
If there is an isolated section on the water and gas pipeline, the conductors of the potential equalization system are used for shunting. A special connection to a lightning protection device is not needed for buried metal pipelines close to ground. The same goes for railroad tracks. If unification is unavoidable, then it must first be agreed with the operating company.
grounding
The grounding repeater works with the help of two vertical electrodes with a length of at least 5 m, they are fastened together by a horizontal ground electrode. A steel strip acts as the latter; it is also used to form a conductor connecting the GZSH and an additional ground electrode. The strip must be at least 4 mm thick with a cross-sectional area of 75 mm 2 . There is no rationing of the resistance of the repeated ground electrode.
The cross section of the supply cable affects the selection of the potential equalization conductor; it should not be less than half the cable cross section. Most widespread purchased PV1 wiring and a steel strip, a single-core cable is also used. Special clamps are often used when branching the line with a wire.
Technical equipment and lightning protection
In accordance with the theses of PUE-7 and subject to the cross-sectional boundaries of the conductors, all connections are made to equalize the potentials of lightning protection structures. Direct connections and connections made through spark separating gaps should be separated.
The lightning protection system can be directly combined with the following devices:
- grounding elements of the high voltage protection system of security-type structures;
- antenna devices;
- ground lines located underground at a distance from communication and overvoltage protection systems;
- grounding of power structures, the power of which exceeds 1 kW, while there should be no possibility of entering high potential into the grounding conductors;
- safety connections in TT networks for protection against electric shock during indirect contacts.
When carried out in metal pipes or screening of information or lines of force an additional potential equalization system is not needed.
spark gaps
Routine tests shall be carried out when gaining access to the spark-disconnecting spaces. Due to the correct design and installation of the internal lightning protection mechanism, damage caused by potential differences and overvoltage impulses is minimized.
Connection via spark intermediate separations is carried out for the following elements:
- grounding of measuring systems subject to separate design;
- installations protected from current leakage and having anti-corrosion cathodic protection;
- traction element return wire direct current, as well as a variable in the absence of the possibility of performing a direct combination for signal-technical arguments;
- auxiliary grounding parts of the protective shutdown, which operates at a dangerous voltage.
Installation
During the construction of the building, the installation of the EMS should be carried out, as there are some difficulties when used in finished buildings. An additional potential equalization box is prohibited for use in buildings with TN-C grounding. In case of non-compliance this rule during a break in the neutral wire, there is a possibility of electric shock to residents who did not install DSUP. This restriction applies mainly to the old multi-storey housing stock.
Another type of grounding system gets rid of this problem: for this, a ground loop is made and connected with copper wiring to the pinching main bus.
plastic pipes
Today, there is a sufficient distribution of communications using plastic pipes, which do not need to be combined with an equalization system. At the same time, if metal pipes in the existing DSUP are replaced with plastic pipes that differ in conductive properties, there will be a violation of the connection between the metal parts in the room (towel dryer, batteries) and the ground bus, due to which they become dangerous when touched at the same time.
When creating communications using plastic pipes, the connection with the equalization system is carried out using metal combs, cranes and check valves to secure conductors. If there are dielectric inserts in metal pipes, they are added to main system after inserts inside the building.
What you need to know
According to building regulations and norms, today is given increased attention competent installation of a potential equalization system. First of all, when the building is put into operation, inspection and verification for compliance with the project are carried out. The creation of an electrical union of all conductive elements accessible to touch, using special conductors, ensures proper electrical safety. As an addition, there is a potential equalization box in places with a high possibility of electric shock.
It should be borne in mind that DSUP can only be created in buildings that have a grounding system with separate laying of N- and PE-type conductors.
A metal strong connection must be established between the parts of the ECS if they are connected in accordance with the radial scheme and the required cross-section of the protective conductor.
I am sure that many of you have heard about the potential equalization system (abbreviated as EMS), but few people understand what it is and why it is needed. This article aims to clear up this misunderstanding.
What is a potential equalization system?
SUP is designed to equalize the potential of all conductive parts of the building:
- building elements;
- building structures;
- engineering networks and communications;
- lightning protection systems.
The connection of all conductive parts of the building is carried out by protective conductors PE, which are laid separately, or may be part of the power supply lines. These conductors form the so-called "grid" in the building and must connect all of its above-mentioned parts to the grounding device and grounding conductors.
In the event of damage in the electrical installation and potential (voltage) on the conductive parts of the building, a short circuit current occurs, or large leakage currents occur, which lead to the disconnection of the damaged section of the circuit from the power source by tripping circuit breakers or RCDs.
In previous articles, we talked about TN-C-S, TN-S grounding systems, where, according to the requirements of PUE-7, electrical wiring of residential, domestic and administrative buildings is prohibited without the use of protective conductors, i.e. PE conductors. This primarily has a positive effect on electrical safety.
The potential equalization system (SES) is of 2 types:
- the main potential equalization system (OSUP);
- additional potential equalization system (DSUP).
Main system (OSUP)
Comprises:
- ground loop (grounding device);
- main ground bus (GZSH);
- "grids" of protective conductors PE;
The main grounding bus (GZSH), also known as the PE bus, is installed in the input switchgear (ASU) of the building. A steel strip is connected to the GZSH, coming from the ground loop (grounding device).
Connected to the same main bus:
- PEN-conductor of the input line (cable) in the TN-C-S grounding system;
- PE conductor of the input line (cable) in the TN-S earthing system.
1. It is forbidden to arrange a potential equalization system in houses with a TN-C grounding system.
2. It is forbidden to connect protective PE conductors with zero working N-conductors starting from the main ground bus (GZSH).
3. The scheme of connection to grounded structures, elements and engineering networks of the building must be radial. The radial scheme is performed as follows: each grounded part of the building has its own potential equalization conductor. It is strictly forbidden to connect the potential equalization PE conductors with a loop!
4. It is forbidden to install various protective switching devices in the circuits of protective PE conductors. The continuity of protective conductors is the most important and basic requirement.
Additional system (DSUP)
We figured out the main potential equalization system (OSUP). Now let's look at what an additional potential equalization system is. DSUP is necessary to provide additional electrical safety in rooms with increased danger, for example, a bathroom or shower room.
It consists of:
- potential equalization boxes, abbreviated KUP;
- potential equalization conductors.
How is DSUP mounted?
- First of all, it is necessary to determine the installation location of the potential equalization box (PEC).
- Next, you need to connect the PE bus of the input electrical panel(apartments, cottages) with a PE bus located in a potential equalization box (PEC). This is done with a copper wire with a cross section of 6 sq. Mm.
- The third step, according to, will be the connection of all the metal structures of the bathroom:
- heating;
- cold plumbing;
- hot plumbing;
- bathtub or shower.
- Protective potential equalization conductors from grounded structures are laid and connected to the PE bus in the potential equalization box (PUE). Fastening of protective conductors of potential equalization to pipes can be done using metal clamps.
- Also, all sockets installed in the bathroom are subject to additional grounding.
Quality control
The cross section of the potential equalization protective conductors is carried out with a copper wire with a cross section of 2.5 - 6 square meters. mm.
After the electrical installation of the potential equalization system, it is necessary to invite specialists from the electrical laboratory to carry out the following electrical measurements:
- ground resistance measurement;
- checking the presence of a circuit between the grounded structures and the PE grounding bar in the box (KUP).
This was introductory information about the potential equalization system. If you have any clarifying questions, ask them in the comments.
