Technology of processing metal surfaces with bituminous mastic. Properties and methods of application of bituminous mastic. Application in construction
Bituminous mastic is used both in construction and during repair work to create a waterproofing foundation, roofing, as well as for surface treatment in rooms with a high level of humidity.
Different types of bituminous mastic have different viscosities and are applied with a roller, a hard brush, or poured and stretched with a special mop.
Application and general characteristics
Typically, bituminous mixtures are used for:
- sealing cracks and other defects in roofing;
- sealing folds and joints of shaped roofing elements;
- waterproofing brick, concrete or reinforced concrete structures;
- protection of metal structures from external influences;
- surface treatment in places of conjugation and junction of vertical and horizontal elements.
The basis of bituminous mastic is petroleum bitumen, to which various polymeric compounds are added to give the mastic the desired properties.
Bituminous mastic allows you to achieve higher adhesion to the base, compared with the use of conventional roll materials. Therefore, it is recommended for use on surfaces with a complex configuration, on which it is difficult to use conventional roll waterproofing. It is applied to the surfaces to be treated with a stiff brush, roller or poured and stretched with a special mop. The surface is pre-cleaned from snow, water, dirt, rust, grease and oil stains.
All bituminous mastics are made on the basis of petroleum bitumen. Depending on the type, it may include various polymeric modifiers, fillers, organic solvents, such as toluene or white spirit (up to 20% by weight of the mastic). On water based, with the addition of polymers and emulsifiers, a fireproof and non-toxic bituminous emulsion is produced, which can be used for indoor use.
There are also hot and cold types of mastic, they all have different viscosities. The dried layer is usually called “dry residue”, regardless of what type of material was originally applied. Depending on the initial viscosity, the consumption of waterproofing material may be different. The more water base or solvent in the mastic, the lower the percentage of dry residue will result, the higher the consumption of the waterproofing agent.
In many ways, the expense also depends on what type of work, on what basis and what material is planned to be carried out. Therefore, the coating can be applied with different amount layers, and the thickness of each layer can be different.
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How much material will be needed?
Figure 1. Table of characteristics and flow bituminous mastics.
Regardless of what type of mastic is applied, its consumption is usually measured in kg / m². Most economical way– use of hot mixes of bitumen with mineral fillers. Initially, such a mixture is a homogeneous black mass with plasticizers and mineral additives to the bituminous binder. When heated, the mixture acquires plasticity and is easily applied to the treated surfaces, quickly sets, forming an even, seamless coating, and does not shrink when solidified.
Cold mixes will save you time, as they are applied without preheating, they are already ready for use. Apply with a brush, roller or spatula. But in percentage terms, the organic solvent is from 30 to 80% of the total mass, i.e. bitumen, respectively, from 20 to 70%.
On specific example it will look something like this. In order to obtain a layer of the same thickness in the dry residue when applying, for example, cold solvent-based mastics, one of which will contain 30% and the other 80%, the latter will have to spend almost 3 times more. When applying 1 kg of the first mastic, we will get 0.7 kg in the dry residue, while the second will give it only 0.2 kg. Thus, it is more advantageous to use mixtures with a lower solvent content. This will get the job done with less effort and in less time.
Petroleum bitumen for a long time was the only waterproofing material building structures– roofs, basements, pipes and concrete trays.
Low cost and good performance provided him wide application in construction.
However, in pure form bitumen cannot be called a good waterproofing agent. The reason is that after cooling, the bituminous film cracks from low temperatures, and under the influence of the summer heat it begins to flow.
Therefore, building science has been constantly searching for additives that eliminate these shortcomings.
As a result of numerous experiments and full-scale tests, bituminous mastic for roofing has become, which, in addition to the main binder, includes a plasticizing agent and mineral additives.
Today, latex, rubber, oil and rubber are used as components that prevent cracking of bitumen. In addition to them, various mineral substances are introduced into the composition of mastics based on bituminous resins: basalt wool, asbestos, ash, lime, crushed quartz or brick dust.
Fillers reinforce the waterproofing, increasing its crack resistance and hardness, and also save the main binder. In addition, the use of bituminous mastic for protection metal structures requires good anti-corrosion properties from it. Therefore, inhibitors are added to the composition of modern bitumen compositions - substances that slow down the corrosion of iron.
Classification of bituminous mastics
1. By technological features applications
Depending on the temperature range at which bitumen softens and hardens, hot and cold mastics are distinguished. The former are heated to +160 C before application. At this temperature, bitumen passes into a plastic state, and after application to the insulated surface, it hardens.
In cold mastic, bitumen is mixed with a solvent. Therefore, it does not need to be heated, but hardens after the solvent has evaporated.
According to the method of preparation, cold hardening bituminous mastics are divided into:
- one-component
- two-component
One-component bituminous mastic for waterproofing the foundation can be used immediately after the container has been opened. It is convenient for work, but not for storage. Having opened such a mastic, it must be fully worked out. Otherwise, it will harden and become unusable.
Production and sale of bituminous building materials: bituminous mastic of all kinds. Prices, characteristics, types and description of mastics.
The two-component composition must first be prepared by adding a thickener to the bituminous composition and mixing the components well. It takes time, but it avoids unjustified losses. It is also important that the shelf life of two-component mastics is several times longer than that of one-component mastics.
2. By type of elastic additives
Depending on the type of additives that improve the elasticity and strength of mastics, GOST divides them into rubber-bitumen, polyurethane-bitumen, bitumen-latex, bitumen-rubber and bitumen-oil.
Each of the listed compositions is the same bitumen-polymer mastic, the properties and method of application of which do not differ significantly. Rubber and rubber, latex and polyurethane create a homogeneous waterproofing coating, eliminating the two main disadvantages of petroleum bitumen - fluidity at high temperatures and cracking at low.
Between themselves, bituminous mastics differ in the strength and elasticity of the film formed, as well as in the temperature regime of operation.
For example, bitumen with polyurethane or rubber is the champion of elasticity. formed by him protective film can increase the original length by almost 20 times without forming breaks.
An exception is a bituminous composition containing an oil solvent. This is a non-hardening mastic. It is ideal for isolating underground utilities that are subject to constant impact. ground water and vibration loads.
Adhesive bitumen-oil mastic does not form a rigid film, therefore it does not crack and maintains the integrity of the insulation. This one-component mastic is not afraid of frost down to -50C and can withstand heating up to +80C. However, for roofing works where a strong protective membrane is required, it is not suitable. It is dominated by bitumen-polymer compositions that harden in air.
Elastic rubber-bitumen mastic formerly predominantly used for automotive body work. It firmly adheres to any surface (even with open metal), is not afraid of vibration, shock and stretching. Temperature regime its application is very wide (from -40C to + 100C).
You can work with rubber-bitumen insulation on any surface: wood, metal, concrete and brick. Like other bituminous mastics, it can be used as a base for gluing roll waterproofing. It dries in about 24 hours, and gains maximum strength after 7 days.
Cold bitumen-rubber mastic is similar in its properties., which has high operational and technological characteristics:
- Does not require hot work
- Optimal for processing complex profiles, joints, junctions and transitions of different surfaces
- Forms a uniform and even coating
- Biocidal and antiseptic
- It has high heat resistance (up to +100С), frost resistance (up to -60С) and adhesion to an inclined surface (up to an angle of 45°)
- Service life reaches 25 years.
Bitumen-rubber mastic composition can be used for both minor and medium repair of roofing, waterproofing of concrete tanks, basements, bathrooms and balconies.
Inexpensive bitumen-latex mastic produced by mixing petroleum bitumen with an emulsion of synthetic rubber (latex). It is easy to apply, adheres well to the substrate, and is resistant to water and aggressive substances. The elasticity of this waterproofing is preserved up to a temperature of -35 C, and fluidity is observed when heated above + 80C.
The latex mastic composition is applied without preheating. They can isolate any types of building structures, as well as glue roofing material, plywood and insulation.
Application technology
All mastic compositions based on petroleum bitumen are applied in two ways: manual and mechanical. Manual is used for small volumes of insulation, and compressors with sprayers are used to treat areas measured in hundreds and thousands of square meters.
Surface preparation for all mastics is the same: it must be cleaned of dust, peeling layers of the old coating and debris. Cracks are carefully sealed, after which the surface is dried and coated with a primer (primer). This primer is sold ready-made or mixed on the site from mastic and its corresponding solvent.
Some types of modern bituminous mastics do not need to dry the base. This point is specified separately by the manufacturer in the instructions.
The mastic is applied with wide flat brushes, sprayers, spatulas or rollers, controlling the uniformity of the insulation thickness. The strips are arranged in parallel, with a slight "overlap" (5-10 cm). After one layer dries, the next one is applied. For waterproofing roofs, pools and basements, from 2 to 4 layers of insulation are used, reinforcing them with a reinforcing fiberglass mesh. For vertical walls(application is carried out from the bottom up) usually a 2-layer coating is enough.
The consumption of bitumen-rubber and rubber-bitumen compositions depends on the type of work and the number of layers. When sticking roofing material in one layer, it ranges from 250 to 800 grams per 1 m2. If the mastic is used as the main material for multi-layer roofing, then its consumption with a coating thickness of 10 mm is on average 16-18 kg / m2.
For a single-layer waterproofing of building structures (basements, walls, containers), 5 to 7 kg of bitumen-latex mastic mixture will be required. If in question O new roof when 3-4 layers of mastic are applied to the surface, mesh reinforced, then its consumption increases to 12-14 kg/m2.
Bitumen-oil mastic for processing one square meter of pipe surface requires from 1 to 1.5 kg. With a two-layer application, its consumption accordingly increases to 1.5-3 kg.
Manufacturers and estimated prices
The largest domestic companies producing a wide range of bituminous mastics for various purposes are TechnoNIKOL, Grida, RusMonolit and MPK KRZ. They produce products of stable and predictable quality, which fully meets the requirements of GOST.
The average price of a standard 19-kilogram bucket of bitumen-rubber and bitumen-rubber mastic, depending on the manufacturer and region of sale, ranges from 1600 to 2000 rubles.
Bitumen-latex mastic is much cheaper and its price is in the range from 1000 to 1200 rubles per bucket (19 kg).
For a bucket of hot bituminous mastic, sellers ask from 700 to 900 rubles.
- This is a homogeneous plastic substance made on the basis of bitumen and various additives that improve its properties. It has excellent physical and chemical characteristics, which make it an ideal waterproofing and adhesive material. After being applied to the surface, the mastic quickly hardens.
Bituminous mastics are used in any field of construction, covering most surfaces with them, including their use:
for the roof
With bituminous mastic for roofing, you can quickly and efficiently seal the surface, without the use of equipment. Mastic can be applied to any cleaned and even roof surface.
Brief instruction-reminder:
- Bituminous mastic is applied with a hard brush or brush in a thin layer. On a small damaged surface, it is better to apply with a spatula.
- When repairing soft roof the place of swelling is cut crosswise, cleaned and dried inner space and then carefully treated with mastic.
- Mastic patches are sprinkled with sand to protect them from overheating.
- Cracked roofing material after cleaning is covered with hot mastic, when working with which you must be as careful as possible. Coating waterproofing is the simplest, most reliable and economical type of repair work.
Roofing with bituminous mastic:
Roofs treated with mastic have a long service life. If she still needs repairs, it will be very easy to repair the roof.
To repair the roof with bituminous mastic, the following work is carried out:
- Eliminate coating defects.
- Cut the bubbles present on the coating by making cuts in the form of a cross and dry them.
- The surfaces inside the incision are smeared with mastic.
- The edges of the incision are connected, aligned and fixed.
- A layer of mastic is applied to the cuts, fiberglass is laid in the form of a strip 10 cm wide and the mastic is reapplied.
- Large cracks and gaps are treated similarly.
For roofing material
Mastic for roofing material is one of the most reliable methods of its fastening. Mastic helps to securely fasten the roofing felt to the roof, remove air pockets. The surface of the roof is smooth and perfectly withstands loads. Suitable for hot and cold mastic.
For waterproofing
To protect structures in the ground from moisture, waterproofing mastic is used. She waterproofs bathrooms, pipelines, arranges seamless waterproofing coatings in basements, wells and pools.
Buildings treated with bituminous mastic for waterproofing acquire protection from fire.
For foundation
For all types of waterproofing, one cannot do without mastic made from petroleum bitumen, to which organic and mineral solvents and fillers are added.
This mastic is the best waterproofing material due to the following properties:
- elasticity;
- frost resistance;
- good adhesion;
- resistance to ultraviolet radiation;
- ease of application.
The foundation is treated in several layers with bituminous mastic from all sides, making it completely hydrolyzed. The cheapest coating is with hot bitumen, but it is more difficult to work with it. To avoid difficulties, it is better to choose a cold bituminous mastic with organic solvents (polymer). To work with it, you only need brushes and a spatula.
To process the inside of the foundation, water-based mastic is used. It has a neutral smell and dries quickly. In industrial construction, bitumen-latex emulsions are applied mechanically.
Waterproofing the foundation with mastic is carried out using brushes, rollers, any tools that can be used to apply the composition to the surface. The mastic is applied in two layers, maintaining a technological pause between them. Its value depends on the characteristics of the composition.
On the video - how to properly waterproof the foundation with bituminous mastic:
For floor
For floor protection devices, modern bituminous mastic is often used. It is non-toxic and dries quickly. Bitumen mastic for the floor does not emit unpleasant odors. Most often it is used for waterproofing the bathroom.
For parquet
For fixing parquet floors on concrete or cement-sand screeds, cold mastics are used:
- bitumen-cookersalt;
- bitumen,
- rubber-bitumen;
- coumaron-cookersalt.
The use of cold mastics is due to the fact that their setting is slow, which allows you to accurately connect the strips into a ridge and groove. On bituminous mastic, you can lay parquet with an oblique edge.
For wood
Bituminous mastic MBU is used for wood processing. Processing is especially important wooden surfaces that are buried in the ground. If the mastic is very thick, it is heated with the lid open and thoroughly mixed after that.
For linoleum
Each type of linoleum is put on "its" mastic:
- Bituminous for a fabric basis.
- Dispersion - for a heat-insulating substrate.
- Mastics with the addition of synthetic resins and rubbers are suitable for baseless linoleum.
- Before laying linoleum on mastic, the floor is pre-primed. Mastic is applied to the floor with a notched trowel.
Gluing linoleum to mastic
For laminate
When laying laminate on bituminous mastic, the floor is warm, sound and moisture insulated. Equip it in the same way as when laying parquet.
For metal
For metal and automobiles, bitumen-polymer and rubber-bitumen mastics are most suitable. It perfectly protects the car, but before processing, the metal must be cleaned of dirt and rust, washed and dried.
For concrete
Although concrete is a monolithic product with increased strength, it always has microcracks and small pores through which water easily seeps through. Because of this, the reinforcement may rust over time, the foundation block may burst and sink into the ground. Therefore, concrete structures are treated with bituminous mastic, which reliably protects all cracks, pores and interpanel seams.
To do this, use various mastics made from:
- solid bitumen;
- liquefied;
- waterproofing bitumen-rubber.
For expansion joints
For sealing seams concrete pavement you can use hot bituminous or cold mastics produced by the industry. They withstand more than 200 defrosting and freezing cycles.
Bituminous mastic for bridge expansion joints:
For asphalt
To repair asphalt and seal the roadway, special mastics are used. They withstand strong compression and stretching, have good adhesion, can be used for low temperatures. Within an hour after work pavement can be exploited.
For ovens
To perform work on facing fireplaces and stoves, heat-resistant bitumen-polymer mastic is used. It withstands temperatures up to +1200 °C and above. It dries quickly, does not emit odor, and prevents the development of fungi and mold. It is a heat-resistant, reliable, durable, bactericidal adhesive material.
For the pool
To seal the pool, thiokols and rubber-bitumen mastics are most often used. Mastics harden right in the seam and eventually turn into an elastic black sealant. To fill the seams use a pneumatic syringe with replaceable cartridges.
Application of special mastic on the bottom and walls of the pool
For Styrofoam
Recently, bituminous mastic began to securely attach polystyrene sheets to metal, concrete, expanded clay, brick and wood. During work, vertical sheets of expanded polystyrene are fixed with temporary supports for a reliable connection, and a load is placed on the horizontal sheets.
How to work with mastic
To create an effective waterproof layer, the bituminous mastic is vigorously mixed using a drill or mixer.
For ease of application and increase plasticity, you can heat it. Since the layer is elastic, it is better not to apply hot mastic on surfaces that are often subjected to strong mechanical stress. A hot solution penetrates into the pores better, as it has an increased fluidity and, therefore, adheres more strongly to the material being processed.
The preparation of hot mastic must be carried out, observing safety precautions. more beneficial for large scale projects. cold mastic Sold ready for use, it is safe to use and more convenient. But it costs more than hot.
They work with bituminous mastic at air temperature from -10° to +50°C. The mastic itself should be heated in a water bath to +15 degrees and above.
When working with mastic, you need to be aware of its fire hazard and toxicity. It is forbidden to warm it up on an open fire, as well as store it near a source of fire. If work is carried out indoors, it is necessary to create ventilation.
Preparation of hot bituminous mastic:
Consumption and consumption rate
Consumption of bituminous mastic per 1m? depends on its type. The consumption indicator depends on the type of material. Hot bituminous mastics do not decrease in thickness after hardening, therefore they are considered non-shrinking. To apply bituminous mastic in one layer with a thickness of 0.2 cm, it is required from 2.0 to 2.4 kg / m2.
An important characteristic of mastic consumption is the indicator of dry residue content. This is its amount that remains on the treated surface after it has dried and hardened. With a small dry residue, the consumption of the original mastic increases in order to form a film of a given thickness.
In the dry residue, to create a layer 2 mm thick, 3.4-3.8 kg / m? bituminous mastic. Most ready-to-use mastics have a solids content of 20 to 70 percent.
Applying mastic
In order for the mastic to adhere well to the treated surface, it is necessary to carefully clean the treated area from all types of contaminants. After that finished surface thoroughly dry and warm. Thanks to this approach, the mastic will be applied evenly and you can save on its consumption.
The most popular tool for applying it is a brush or roller. They apply mastic and apply it like ordinary paint, without rubbing strongly into the surface. After drying, re-processing is done.
Bituminous-latex compounds can be applied by machine airless spray. With this method, a uniform layer is obtained, and material consumption is low.
You can also apply the mastic using bulk application, for this it is poured onto the surface and leveled with scrapers, mops or long-handled rollers. Although with this method, productivity is higher, more material is consumed.
What can dilute the mastic
Bituminous mastic is diluted with white spirit, solvent, toluene or kerosene until the required consistency is formed. After that, it is thoroughly stirred.
A few more words about the basics of using bituminous mastics:
What is cold bituminous mastic? How is it different from hot, and for what purposes can it be used? I will talk about the main properties of this insulating material and its scope. This will allow you to choose for yourself the most suitable option waterproofing.
What is the material
General information
Bituminous mastic is a plastic material made on the basis of bitumen. The latter is a hard resin. Therefore, the bitumen-based mixture is heated before use.
Hot applied mastics are not very convenient to use. The need for warm-up increases the holding time waterproofing works and also increases the fire hazard.
Therefore, analogues of cold application have recently become more popular. They contain solvents, as a result of which they are sold in liquid form and do not require heating.
The principle of operation for such compositions is similar paintwork materials- after application to the surface, the solvent evaporates and the coating hardens. The result is a durable waterproofing layer.
Kinds
Compound. Bituminous mastics of cold application, depending on the composition, are divided into two types:
- Solvent based. Ready-to-use mixtures that can be handled even at sub-zero temperatures.
Drying of the coating occurs a day after application. True, the material acquires its final properties only a week after application.
As a rule, solvents are used in the manufacture of roofing mastic, however, this waterproofing material can be used for other purposes as well. More about options I will describe the usage below;
- Water based. This cold-applied mastic is an aqueous emulsion. As a result, it is odorless and environmentally friendly.
Besides, water-based coating dries faster - usually it takes several hours. True, it can only be used at positive temperatures, the same applies to the storage of material.
Modifications. Depending on the initial components that are used in the composition, the material in question is divided into the following types:
- Not modified. These coatings do not contain polymers and other improving additives. Therefore, they are not recommended for roofing, but at the same time they are excellent for waterproofing foundations, where they are not subjected to strong temperature changes and heat;
- Bitumen-polymer. Polymers are usually modified bituminous roofing mastic. It tolerates heat and temperature changes well.
Another one of her positive quality is increased adhesion. Due to this, the composition can be used for gluing roll materials;
- Bituminous rubber. They differ from the addition of crumb rubber to the composition. As a rule, they are used for waterproofing metal building structures, as they have good anti-corrosion properties. For roofs, this waterproofing material is not used;
- Bituminous—rubber. This coating is characterized by increased elasticity, as well as excellent physical and mechanical properties, so it is also called liquid rubber. Such compositions are great for roof repairs.
In addition, due to their high efficiency, durability and weather resistance, they can be used as an independent roofing.
Before application waterproofing coating, regardless of its type, the surface must be carefully prepared - cleaned of foreign debris, dust and dirt, and then dried thoroughly. In addition, it is desirable to pre-apply a bituminous primer.
Depending on the number of components, bituminous coatings are divided into two types:
- One-component. Represent a completely ready-to-use coating;
- Two-component. Must be mixed with hardener before use. These compositions are professional and have higher characteristics.
When mixing the two components, it is extremely important to maintain the correct proportions, otherwise the hardening time of the coating may increase dramatically. Instructions for mixing the components are available on the packaging.
Key qualities
As I said above, unlike hot bituminous mastic, the analogue for cold application is convenient to use and speeds up waterproofing work. But besides this, it has many other advantages:
- Possibility of obtaining any consistency. To do this, the required amount of solvent is added to the composition;
- Durability. This quality applies primarily to modified compositions, the service life of which exceeds a quarter of a century;
- Versatility. Mastic can be used for waterproofing a wide variety of surfaces;
- Ease of application. The coating is easily applied with your own hands using a roller, spatula or brush.
Flaws. The only downside is more high price, bituminous polymer mastic is especially expensive. In addition, this waterproofing shrinks more strongly than its hot-applied counterpart, which increases its consumption.
The consumption of mastic depends on the type of work. Bonding usually requires 0.8 to 1 kg/m 2 of coating per square meter. To create a waterproofing layer per square meter, it takes 2 to 5 kg of the composition.
Application area
As a rule, the use of bituminous mastics is justified in the following cases:
- For roofs. The material is used in the arrangement of mastic roofs and repairs roofing. In addition, the composition is used for gluing soft tiles and, as I said above, roll coatings;
- Foundation waterproofing. In this case, the use of bituminous compounds is also quite extensive - they can be used both for horizontal waterproofing and vertical (external and internal). Moreover, they waterproof not only strip foundations, but also pile;
Mastic is a fairly strong binder. building material. It can be used to seal walls, ceilings, floors, windows, tiling and waterproofing. Mastic is produced in liquid or pasty form, as well as in the form of a thick adhesive mass. On modern market often there is a ready-made powder composition, which remains only to be diluted with water before direct use.
Types of bitumen compositions
Absolutely all types of mastics have high adhesive properties and most of them are similar in composition. For selection required type material should first evaluate the surface and type of work.
Bituminous mastic is a modern and easy-to-use waterproofing material that is widely used in roofing, hydro and vapor barrier, as well as in the processing floors. This type consists of a bituminous binder, herbicides, antiseptics and fillers.
Bituminous mastic has many advantages, namely:
- elasticity, good stretchability and recoverability;
- high thermal stability;
- durability and reliability.
waterproofing. It is created on the basis of bituminous mastic in the form of a semi-liquid paste, ready for use. It consists of various mineral fillers, bituminous emulsions, special additives based on synthetic resins.
This material has all the characteristics of bituminous mastic, however, its mechanical strength much higher. The material is used for waterproofing walls, roofs, foundations, balconies, pipes, cement or metal gutters.
Cold bitumen-cookersalt. It is made from kukersol lacquer and a solution of slate resin. To improve the characteristics, latex emulsions based on dispersed rubber are added to the composition of bituminous mastics. Such materials are called bitumen-latex and are used for fastening roofing.
Roofing. Also called self-leveling roofing and can be used as a stand-alone roofing material. Mastic is produced in the form of a viscous homogeneous mass, which is applied to the surface with a sprayer or brush.
When using roofing mastic, there are no joints and seams, since a continuous, monolithic coating is created. This insulating material steel, roofing material, concrete and other materials can be covered. Also roofing mastic carry out repair of an old roof, sealing of joints and seams.
Coating from this material has the following advantages:
- high strength;
- weather resistance;
- resistance to sunshine and temperature fluctuations
- elasticity;
- anti-corrosion;
- slight weight.
bituminous rubber . Produced in the form of a homogeneous mass of black color, ready for use. The composition includes a mixture of grades of oil bitumen, synthetic rubber, fine rubber crumb, mineral fillers, natural resin acids, targeted additives and various solvents.
This material is quite elastic, has good heat resistance and withstands temperature fluctuations from -30˚C to +130˚C. It is also used to repair mastic roofs and acts as an adhesive when using rolled roofing materials and to create waterproofing structures and structures.
Polymer mastic . It is a quick-drying, environmentally friendly, water-based bituminous material, enhanced with special polymers. Is used for coating waterproofing underground structures, sealing sewers and wells. Once applied to the surface, the mastic forms a waterproof rubber film that has a very long service life.
Sealing mastic. It is produced in the form of a thick white mass used for sealing joints, cracks, cracks and seams in reinforced concrete and concrete structures. It has excellent adhesion to metal, wood and concrete. After the mastic has completely dried, it can be treated with paint and varnish coatings.
Refractory. This mastic is produced in the form of a viscous plastic mass gray color. Made from binder inorganic matter with the addition of silicate additives and mineral fillers. This mastic is used for insulation of furnaces and flues and withstands temperatures up to +1600˚C.
Non-hardening sealing mastic. Homogeneous viscous mass, consisting of several varieties of rubber, fillers and plasticizers. Sold in briquettes and used for sealing exterior walls, sealing door and window blocks at the junction with the wall.
Universal. This is a homogeneous mass of bitumen and various fillers. Mastic is intended for waterproofing and roofing, creating anti-corrosion protection various designs and pipelines. Also, using a universal mastic, you can glue various building materials.
Soundproof. A sprayable mass with good vibration-absorbing and sound-proofing characteristics, produced on the basis of an aqueous dispersion of synthetic resins with the addition of flame retardant components.
Butyl rubber mastic. This material is made from environmentally friendly components and is not subject to putrefactive processes. Mastic is widely used to create insulation for ventilation systems.
Acrylic waterproofing. The most popular material that creates a waterproof film when applied to the surface and protects the coating from mold, dampness and rust. It has high strength, ease of use and is used only for indoor sealing.
Epoxy. This type of material is produced in the form of a thick mass of bituminous resin dissolved in an organic thinner, dry pigment and filler with a plasticizer. Before direct use, a hardener is added to the mastic. Thanks to this material, very strong and wear-resistant floors of production halls are obtained, and it is also used as an adhesive.
Polyurethane two-component. Liquid mass white color, which is odorless and forms a strong elastic coating after application. Two-component polyurethane mastic used for tank waterproofing drinking water, water pipes and rooms with high humidity.
Applying mastic
Bituminous mastics can be applied as manually, with a brush or roller, or mechanically, using a special air sprayer.
Both of these application methods are quite technological and give good opportunity to carry out work related to the installation of the roof, quite easily and quickly, regardless of the angle of the slope of the roof surface. This is especially noticeable when constructing roofs with big amount connections and various elements.
During roof coating of mines, pipes, load-bearing structures and so on, rolled materials require a lot of time and effort to cut pieces of material, sometimes of a very complex configuration, while mastics in this case allow you to cover in the same way as on flat surfaces. Therefore, mastics in this respect have certain advantages over rolled materials.
Consumption of bituminous mastic per 1m²
It is impossible to properly plan work and make an estimate without knowing how much material is needed to process 1m². To determine the consumption of mastic, the easiest way is to look at the label, and if this data is not on it, then at least the recommended minimum material for applying one layer is written. Therefore, it will not be difficult to independently calculate the required amount of material. Basically, 30-70% mastics consist of volatile solvents, which means the same percentage of shrinkage of the bituminous composition after its application.
Average material consumption per 1m²
Safety
Since many of the solvents used to create mastics are quite toxic and very flammable, certain safety precautions must be followed when working with such materials. Bituminous mastics should be prepared in a room with good supply and exhaust ventilation system or outdoors.
When working with bituminous mastics on outdoors it is obligatory to use goggles and a respirator, and in enclosed spaces - gas masks. After each hour of work indoors, you should take a break for 15-20 minutes and spend it in the fresh air.
To prevent excessive fogging during mechanized way work with mastics, it is necessary to keep the sprayer strictly perpendicular to the surface and no further than 0.5 meters from it. After working with such materials, dry your hands well, then wash them with soap and warm water.
Attention ! Smoking in areas where bituminous mastics are used is strictly prohibited.
Works that cause sparks or require the use of open flames must be carried out at a distance of at least 25 meters from the place where bituminous compounds are used. In rooms where work with mastics is carried out, the use of electrical equipment of an explosion-proof type is required only.
