• Repair
• Repair
• Interior Design
• About everything
• About plumbing

Houses from vertical surfaces. Vertical timber houses: assembly process and installation sequence. Errors in working with floor beams of a frame house

Wooden houses firmly occupy the construction niche of individual developers due to environmental friendliness, naturalness, original exterior and low cost of construction and operation. Timber houses are one of the promising directions, and the vertical bar occupies special place in the range of recommended lumber. A variant of building a house from a vertical beam is the naturi technology. What is it, and why is a vertical beam preferable to a traditional horizontal log house?

Benefits of Naturi technology

1. In the manufacture of lumber for log house only an array of wood is used, often of northern species, which gives the beam strength and density;
2. The stability of the building to mechanical and seismic loads ensures the safety of living and operating housing;
3. Excellent sound insulation and wear resistance of building surfaces;
4. Construction without harmful toxic adhesive compositions and heat-insulating layers, environmental friendliness;
5. Robust mounting using the "groove-plank" method;
6. No shrinkage when laying timber vertical way ensures rapid construction and the same rapid start of operation of the house.

House projects

The difference between naturi technology and other methods wooden construction consists of only three points, but they provide all the benefits that were mentioned above:

1. Vertical assembly of structures completely eliminates the shrinkage of the building box;
2. The high precision of prefabrication of house elements ensures the correctness of the geometry of the object and the high speed of assembly of the building;
3. Lack of glued parts and layers of timber;
4. Minimum humidity due to chamber drying timber is a consistent transformation of prefabricated elements into a single structural array. During operation, all wood used in construction gains moisture in the same way, which means it swells in the same way, which contributes to a stronger adhesion of elements and structures to each other.

The advantages of assembling from a vertical beam over housing from horizontal elements:

1. Wood shrinks 80 times less along the fibers than in the transverse direction;
2. Dowels (dowels) are considered the most durable connection wooden elements, which affects the strength of the house;
3. Dry timber, picking up moisture during operation finished house, compacted, which improves sound insulation, wind protection and thermal performance of the building;
4. A house made of vertical timber does not require forced ventilation thanks to the existing natural air exchange;
5. Projects of houses from a vertical bar can be of any shape and complexity;
6. Unified parts allow you to mount the frame several times faster.

Raw materials for naturi technology - thin logs conifers trees. On sanded logs, soft skin is removed outer part wood, leaving only the core, and cut it into boards of standard length - 2.5 meters, 3 and 6 meters. Drying is done first natural way– in air without exposure sun rays and then in the drying chamber. At the exit, the moisture content of lumber should not exceed 12%.

Finishing such a house from a vertical beam, you can use larch for external walls, and cedar for internal surfaces, which, in addition to a beautiful texture, has medicinal properties thanks to the phytoncides contained in its wood. In any case, vertical timber house projects will cost the developer less in the long run due to longer operation, so material and construction prices are not the main thing in the choice of material and project.

The factory set of the house according to naturi technology includes the following profiled elements:

1. Milled profiled timber;
2. Complex milled elements for exterior and interior decoration of the building;
3. Board for the lower and upper strapping, on which the roof and walls are attached;
4. Dowels or dowels for connecting the timber to each other and to the strapping;
5. Finish profile.

The entire vertical beam new technology wooden housing construction which is used in naturi is a complex milled wooden profile with precisely aligned holes for tongues along the ends and along the length of the element. How it looks is shown in the first picture.

Wooden elements for home decoration are products that are flat on the outside and profiled on the inside. Assembly accuracy is ensured by computer programming of all elements, followed by 3-D visualization of the assembly process. Therefore, the construction of such a house is a collection of elements tightly fitted to each other, and the disadvantages of such an installation are practically absent. Elements are for a wide range of purposes, that is, they can be used to assemble walls of different thicknesses, as well as partitions or horizontal planes.

double row timber walls have a thickness of 300 mm, three-row - 400 mm. Typical projects have single-row partitions with a minimum thickness of 100 mm, a maximum thickness of 200 mm.

Wall assembly

Even processed timber requires protection from moisture. And this is done by laying several layers on the foundation. waterproofing material. In addition, additional protection of the beam from decay is provided by lining boards 50 x 250 mm in size, impregnated with an antiseptic. The first horizontal row of timber with a standard section of 250 x 100 mm is laid on the boards, and this entire multilayer structure is attached to the base on the anchor.

The next step in the installation is laying two rows of strapping boards on the beam. The boards, like the beam, have pre-prepared holes for the tongues, which are used as a template in further assembly, and in the lower beam, holes must be drilled according to this template, and tongues Ø 25 mm are inserted into them. The tongues fixed in this way will be the axis for the wall beam. The upper part of the beam is also fastened with tongues and strapping. In addition to these elements, support bars are mounted to which the upper strapping board will be attached.

Then the bars are put on one at a time on the tongues - the lower end, and its upper part is fixed in place with the same dowel-dowel in the upper harness. For all these operations, there are factory holes in the elements. All wall beams are equipped with four holes for fastening with tongues. The holes are drilled on the axial faces of the timber.

Therefore, it turns out that all the bars are connected not only at the top and bottom, but also in two places between each other, the design of the prefabricated wall turns out to be quite rigid and dense. Does not require the use of additional fastening and insulation. Facing elements are inserted into the factory grooves, which are obtained by connecting two bars.

The NATURI technology makes it possible to create designs for houses up to three floors high, and such buildings will be assembled without additional hardware and fasteners, but will be just as strong.

Also, the vertical beam provides for such nuances as stove heating, which is important for country house. In this case, all necessary changes are made to the project on initial stage its development.

Vertical timber is considered a relatively new technology in housing construction. The name indicates that the facing and load-bearing elements that make up the walls are not mounted horizontally, but vertically.

Construction features

If you decide to build a house from a vertical beam, you should know what the wall elements are. These are vertical bars, during the manufacturing process of which cuts are made. They exclude the possibility of deformation of the material. In the process of carrying out work on the construction of the building, the beams are mounted vertically, so that the components are as close as possible to each other. This is ensured by the ridges and grooves of the profile. When assembled and in section, the bars resemble a complex puzzle. The connections formed between them are closed by internal and external segments. Walls can have absolutely different thickness and form. If you are building a house from a vertical beam, you should know that this technique involves a more impressive load on the material than when using horizontal technology.

Requirements for the bar

If you decide to build a house from a vertical beam, then you should choose a material that does not have defects and knots, as they can affect the strength of the walls. Among other things, lumber must be dried at ideal conditions. First, the bars undergo natural drying for outdoors, only after they enter a special chamber. In the end, wood should be obtained, the moisture level of which is no more than 12%.

Positive reviews

A house made of vertical timber, according to the owners of such housing, has many advantages. Among them, the absence of shrinkage can be distinguished. This is because resizing wooden products occurs not along, but across the fibers. Homeowners like the fact that vertical bars are better able to retain heat. Home craftsmen prefer this technology more and more often because of the readiness of all elements for construction. Houses made of vertical timber, reviews of which you can read in the article, do not need finishing and seals. As for the facing rails, they can be made of different woods. Anyone who has been using such housing for more than a year notes that the vertical arrangement can withstand a more impressive load. In support of this, experts note that such an ability is increased by 8 times for such buildings. Designers have the ability to design the most various forms houses. Interior decoration can be carried out immediately after the installation of vertical bars, which is impossible with wooden housing construction, where other technologies are used. Consumers build houses from a vertical beam, the projects of which you can consider in the article, but you can draw up a project for yourself. The log, due to its low weight, can be mounted without the use of lifting mechanisms and sophisticated construction machinery.

Negative Feedback

This modern technique also has its drawbacks. The main one is expressed in the fact that the manufacture of elements implies the need to use high-tech special equipment. Therefore, the private consumer has the opportunity only to purchase the material that he will use in the future. Houses from a vertical beam, the projects of which you can order from professionals, are built, as a rule, without attic floors. This is due to the fact that this technology involves the creation of inconvenience when installing attic space.

Foundation selection

Houses made of vertical timber, reviews of which you can read above, have little weight. This indicates the possibility of saving even at the stage of arranging the foundation. That is why you can use the traditional tape design, which allows you to equip the basement. If you want, you can build columnar foundation, while the supports will have to be connected by a single strapping, on which the logs will be installed. The construction of houses from a vertical beam at the first stage involves the preparation of a pit, the bottom of which is leveled, and also covered with a pillow of crushed stone and sand. At the next stage, the formwork is mounted, and reinforcement is also made. After that, you can start filling strip foundation. Allow the concrete to dry well before proceeding with further work. The beam must be installed exclusively on the waterproofing layer, which will prevent the interaction of materials with moisture.

Construction technology

Houses using vertical beam technology are built according to the type children's constructor. The beam is to be connected in single system using slots. In order for the logs at the first stage not to deviate from the vertical plane, it is necessary to check the level, fixing them with dowels. You can be sure that the work will be completed in the most short time, since one beam will simply need to be attached to another. The corners will be monolithic, unique elements while not. A constructor that has identical elements will assemble very quickly. Air cavities remain inside, which increase the heat-insulating quality of the house.

Projects

Houses according to the described technology are most often built on one floor. However, on the available territory you can arrange all the necessary premises and utility rooms. The article presents several options for the project, one of which you can use for your own needs. However, experts recommend contacting professionals who will draw up a project according to the available territory. Do not count on the fact that the house will have a second floor, but you should still contact the developer with this question.

All photos from the article

In Austria, a special technology for the construction of structures was developed several decades ago, thanks to which projects of a house from a vertical beam began to be in demand in many countries of the world, which is associated with the stability of the buildings under construction. The main elements with this option are arranged vertically, which means that they are able to successfully withstand high loads.

Sample list of benefits

It is based on fragments with a complex configuration. They are connected directly to each other using ridges and grooves. Dowels are used as basic fasteners.

Construction of houses from a bar vertical method has a number of important advantages:

• the absence of shrinkage after the construction of the object makes it possible to continue the work without prior waiting;
• the speed of construction of buildings using this technology is quite high, which is explained by the specifics of the installation;
• in the process of installing the elements there are no particular difficulties, so you can carry out assembly operations with your own hands;
• the possibility of constructing structures with the presence curved surfaces opens up wide possibilities in terms of design;
• a high level of thermal insulation provides an opportunity to save on energy resources;
• relatively small size building elements greatly facilitate transportation;
• assembly accuracy provides a completely reliable barrier to the penetration of air flows;
• environmental cleanliness is achieved due to the fact that solid wood is used as the basis;
• there is no need for additional finishing, since the fragments have a smooth surface outside and inside.

Note!
Today, many developers prefer to build a house from a vertical beam: it has disadvantages, but they are not critical.
One of them is high price finished products.

About material production

The elements used must be manufactured using ultra-precise equipment, otherwise, during construction, High Quality connection is unlikely.

Typically, the production process consists of several stages, which can be found below:

1. Quality control and sorting of raw materials used;
2. Cutting sawlogs directly into blanks;
3. Drying of individual elements in a special chamber;
4. Profiling prepared fragments;
5. Checking the quality of milling results;
6. The process of trimming to a certain size;
7. Production of technological holes;
8. Packing of finished products.

I studied the technology of building houses from a vertical beam and, accordingly, the construction of a non-shrinking frame of a house, the announcement was completely.

It turns out that the technology is chic and still not perfect, but first things first.

I. What is a vertical bar?

Still, it would be more correct to say the system of vertical walling, which includes a beam with a special profile. Formally, this is the same planed wooden beam, but molded in a special tricky way. This is not glued timber, which by the way is one of the advantages. The trick of molding is that when assembling a wall from such a beam, a lock is created that practically does not allow air to enter directly into the room and back, respectively. This drawback is inherent in houses made of logs, which have to be additionally sealed by sealing seams and joints with caulking from various materials.

Let's go back to the vertical bar. The history of the emergence of technology at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries points to the name Georg Ganaus, who was puzzled by the issue of shrinkage wooden house. He really wanted wooden house, but the damned shrinkage haunted him! And now, sitting somehow under a tree, or walking in the forest, I don’t know how specifically, but it was the tree trunk growing in nature that prompted the author of the invention in which direction to move. The idea was really simple. The fact is that a tree in nature grows vertically, and anyone more or less familiar with the basics of physics knows that the load-bearing capacity of a vertical column is much higher than a horizontal one. In the case of a wooden beam, the bearing capacity is about five times higher. This is exactly what old Georg put as the basis for solving the problem.

The matter remained small, namely, to throw away the caulk and other fuss associated with sealing the seams. In essence, he simply reworked the technology glued laminated timber, of course, for the better, providing a house made of wood with no shrinkage, ease of installation of a tenon-groove, and eliminating the need for sealing seams and joints.

A significant advantage was the absence of the need for finishing, both outside and inside the walls, i.e. the technology is such that the facing elements are finishing in the finish.

The house built on the technology of a vertical beam, under the patent name NATURI, appeared in 2000. In fact, the technology of a vertical beam goes much deeper than its roots, and Ganaus is not a pioneer in this part. Much earlier, the Vikings built their fortifications from wooden beams dug vertically into the ground. But the technology of building from vertical bars entered Russia much later, only in 1841. The owner of such a house was Fyodor Tyutchev.

II. What does it consist of, what does the system look like?

The cross section looks like this:

What the whole structure consists of in detail:

1 - Elements of the external and inner lining, grooved;
2 - Crowning profiled cladding element;
3 - Strapping board, top and bottom;
4 - Complex profiled timber, the main structural load-bearing element of the wall;

According to the thickness and, accordingly, according to the type of construction, they are divided as follows:

5 - External wall assembly;
6 - Inner wall in a single row;
7 - Elements of a single-row wall. View from above;
8 - Scheme of three-row execution for external walls, 400 mm thick. As a rule, at the request of the customer;
9 - Scheme of a classic two-row design for external walls, 300 mm thick;
10 - Scheme of single-row execution for internal walls, 200 mm thick;
11 - Scheme of a panel version for internal walls;
12 - Sectional detail of the panel version.

III. How does a vertical wall system work?

Here in this description I have some doubts creeping in, because. connected just with the shrinkage of the timber. In the descriptive part, the manufacturer appeals by the fact that after assembly, the beam, having gained moisture, begins to burst, and this is logical. Thus, when the elements swell, the canvas begins to adjoin each other so much that no air gaps remain.

My doubt lies in the likely cracking of the beam, because the elements with which the beams cling to each other are very small, and tk. this is wood and not metal, for example, there will be no stretching of the material here, and these very elements will break, and this is no longer the integrity of the structure and gaps, moreover, in a rather chaotic and undefined form. Why not defined? Because visually, due to the hidden and complex geometry, we will not see where there is a gap, from fast methods this is just an analysis with a thermal imager. The construction of the wall actually remains not collapsible, or rather it can be collapsible, but only using barbaric methods, destroying a significant part of the wall. Such a gap can occur in the case of low-quality wood, for which, by the way, a company building using this technology is unlikely to be held responsible.

Well, this is where I will finish my descriptive part of the technology itself. In the future, I may write a post about the process of building a house using the technology of a vertical bar with all the nuances and stages.

Relatively recently, Austria developed unusual technology wooden housing construction, in which the beam is not located in the usual horizontal way, but is set vertically. So unusual device Walls have proven to be quite advantageous from various points of view, which is why such houses are becoming more common.

This technology is beneficial from both a constructive and environmental point of view.

Advantages of vertical timber houses

A house made of vertical timber not only looks unusual, but also has a number of practical advantages, thanks to which this technology from Austria has spread almost all over the world.

What are the features and main advantages of such houses?

• Everyone knows that one of the main disadvantages of wood is a long shrinkage, due to which construction has to be stopped for almost a year after the walls are erected. When the beam is vertical, there is no shrinkage, which means that you can immediately continue the construction of the roof and proceed to interior decoration. Less time - less construction costs, so the Austrian technology was also profitable;
• High degree of energy saving. The designers calculated that when the logs are perpendicular to the direction of the wind, they are much better at preventing drafts and heat loss;

Important!
Right assembled structure has 1.5 times less thermal conductivity than a conventional house made of glued laminated timber, and 2 times less than a house made of logs.
Low heat losses help to save on heating and create a comfortable atmosphere at home.

• The technology allows you to enjoy all the benefits of a tree, moreover, it is located the way it grows in nature. Synthetic sealants or glue are not used, there is no need to lay interventional insulation, as in the construction of a log cabin. The house will have a pleasant and healthy atmosphere, especially if it is made of cedar or larch;
• Houses made of vertical timber are easy to install and high speed assemblies. Even large building can be assembled in just a few months. The beam has a small weight, so there are no problems with its transportation and delivery to the site. (see also article)

In addition, it is worth noting the strength and reliability of a house made of vertical timber. Thanks to this arrangement, the material is exposed to minimal moisture and does not suffer even from heavy snow loads..

It is no coincidence that the technology was developed in the highlands of snowy Austria, where climatic conditions almost as severe as in Russia. Vertical timber is a new technology of wooden housing construction, which, perhaps, will be able to gain the widest distribution.

Material requirements:

1. The beam should not have any knots and defects, as they reduce the strength of the walls;
2. It must be perfectly dry. The humidity level does not exceed 12%. First, it is dried naturally, in the open air, and then placed in a special chamber.

Of course, the price of such material is quite high, but in return you will get a warm and comfortable home, and savings are achieved through minimal interior decoration.

The beam, located vertically, retains all its natural beauty, therefore, both from the outside and from inside the house will look great. The completely dried material is light in weight, so you can get by with a minimum of equipment on the construction site.

Advice!
The elements that make up the walls can easily be lifted by one person.
Thanks to this, you can try to build such a house with your own hands, without resorting to the help of specialist builders.

How to build a building from a vertical beam?

Construction can be completed in 1 season with minimal professional help. One of the most difficult operations that cannot be handled on your own is the preparation of timber for construction.

With the help of a special planing and milling machine, the trunks are shaped into a rounded beam, after which special grooves are machined into them, with the help of which the structural elements will be fastened together.

Preparation of an architectural project

Such buildings can have a very large design variety, since any number of timber can be placed vertically in any direction. Its length can also be different, so different ceiling heights are possible. You can use one of standard projects wooden houses, or you can order or create your own individual, unique building, which will become a decoration of the street and the pride of the owner.

The vertical dimensions of the walls made of timber can reach 3 meters. The wood must have a minimum diameter of 180 mm, the wall of the house may have a thickness of more than 300 mm. This will securely protect inner space both from the cold and from the wind. When all the elements for assembly are ready, they can be transported to the site.

Foundation pouring

Another difficult stage is pouring the foundation for the future home. Since it is light in weight, a particularly strong foundation is not required. Usually they use the traditional tape variety, which allows you to equip the basement. A columnar version is also possible, in which case the pillars are connected by a single harness, on which the logs are installed.

A pit is being prepared on the site, after which a special strip foundation is poured with grooves, on which it will be installed in vertical position beam. The foundation must be completely dry, the beam is placed only on a durable layer of waterproofing to exclude the possibility of contact with moisture.
To calculate the required amount of materials for the strip foundation, you can use the calculator.