Sunbathing in summer is best. What you need to know when sunbathing. Useful properties of sunlight
That the sun, air and water are ours best friends known to every child. Summer is the only time of the year when all these three factors in combination with each other have a complex effect on our body, healing it. We have already talked about the healing effect of fresh air in one of the issues of the Family Doctor. Today we will talk about the sun, or rather, about sunbathing ah - heliotherapy.
SUN'S rays are necessary for the human body. With a reasonable use of the life-giving energy contained in them, we can strengthen our body, temper it and even cure some diseases. Indeed, as special studies have shown, the sun, with the right dosage, effectively heals the body.
Sunbathing contraindicated with malignant and benign neoplasms, as well as with cardiovascular diseases. People with thyroid disease, liver disease, anemia, leukemia, and skin diseases should not be exposed to the sun for a long time. In addition, prolonged sunbathing can lead to overheating, skin burns and heat stroke.
The energy carried by the sun's rays propagates in the form of special waves, which, like sound waves, have different lengths. Infrared rays make up to 45-50% of the solar radiation falling on the earth. Under the influence of these rays, blood flow to the tissues increases.
Infrared radiation has anti-inflammatory, metabolic and vasodilating effects. It is useful for chronic and non-purulent inflammatory diseases of internal organs, burns and frostbite, sluggishly healing wounds and ulcers, diseases of the peripheral nervous system(myositis, neuralgia), the consequences of injuries of the musculoskeletal system.
Ultraviolet radiation divided into three components: long-wave, medium-wave and short-wave. ultraviolet longwave irradiation causes pigmentation, or tanning of the skin. Under the action of these rays, the body's immune system is stimulated, its resistance to harmful environmental factors increases.
This kind of training is especially necessary. immune system people weakened by chronic diseases. Indications for this type of exposure are also chronic inflammatory diseases of the internal organs (especially the respiratory system), diseases of the joints and bones, burns and frostbite, poorly healing wounds and ulcers, eczema, seborrhea, and fatigue. It responds well to treatment when exposed to ultraviolet radiation scaly lichen (psoriasis).
At the same time, excessive and uncontrolled ultraviolet radiation leads to skin aging and can cause cell mutation, that is, subsequently lead to malignant neoplasms. Contraindications to long-wave irradiation: benign and malignant tumors, cardiovascular diseases, acute inflammatory and purulent diseases, liver and kidney diseases with severe dysfunction, increased sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation.
When irradiated medium wave ultraviolet rays surface layers of the skin, the provitamin contained in it is converted into vitamin D3 - required component phosphorus-calcium metabolism in the body. In the kidneys, vitamin D3 regulates the excretion of calcium and phosphate ions in the urine. Calcium accumulates in bone cells with the help of this vitamin. If this element in the body is not enough, it decreases mental performance, excitability of nerve centers increases, calcium is washed out of bones and teeth, blood coagulates worse. With a lack of vitamin D3 in the child's body, children lag behind in development.
The reactions that occur when irradiated with medium-wave rays of the ultraviolet spectrum stimulate the activity of almost all body systems. Medium-wave ultraviolet radiation is useful for inflammatory diseases of internal organs (especially the respiratory system), the consequences of injuries and injuries of the bone muscular systems s, diseases of internal organs (pneumonia, bronchitis, gastritis), rickets, metabolic disorders, diseases of the nervous and muscular systems (neuritis, sciatica), bones and joints, skin diseases.
shortwave ultraviolet radiation has a high bactericidal effect. It is very useful for wounds, cuts, skin diseases (abscesses, acne), purulent inflammation. Like other types of radiation, it is contraindicated in malignant and benign neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases.
The sun's rays are divided into direct, oblique, scattered and reflected. The influence of direct, vertically incident beams is the strongest. Oblique rays travel a greater distance through the atmosphere and therefore have a weaker effect on the body. Scattered rays are formed when sunlight passes through clouds and foliage of trees, their effect is even weaker. Reflected sunlight is daylight.
Excessive exposure to direct sunlight is not only not useful, but, on the contrary, can be fraught with backfire for the body. So that sunbathing does not harm the body, there are elementary rules.
You need to exercise self-control with the help of your own feelings. If severe redness and pain appear on the skin, you should stop taking a sunbath to avoid severe burns and overheating of the body and lubricate the affected skin with a special after-sun cream or fermented milk products, which will have a tonic effect, relieve redness and inflammation of the skin, and also reduce body temperature.
The time spent in the sun depends not only on the age and physical condition of the body, but also from skin type. The least danger of sunburn exists in dark-skinned people, since their skin contains more pigments that protect against sun exposure. But owners of fair skin should stock up before going out into the sun with UV protection in the form of creams and emulsions.
It is best to lubricate the skin with a special oil before sunbathing. tanning agent. Similar products - milk, oil, gels - are produced by all reputable cosmetic companies. Moreover, the method of their application and the principle of action is the same: they are applied to clean skin half an hour before sunbathing. Each tool has a so-called coefficient - the degree of protection from sunlight. Multiplying it by 15 (15 minutes is the time it takes for unprotected skin to burn), you will find out how much time you can spend under the sun without fear of getting a sunburn.
For those who have not yet had time to tan, and people with sensitive fair skin, it is better to use a product with a high degree of protection (25 or 30), and for swarthy and already tanned people - with a lower degree of protection (10-12) or an intense tan. It is important to remember that any tanning product is easily washed off with a towel and washed off with water. So after water procedures it needs to be reapplied.
In principle, a special sunscreen can be replaced with any baby cream or nut butter (not Vaseline!). The oil is also suitable for softening the skin after sunburn. If the skin is still burned, a simple old remedy will help: spread the burnt places with thick sour cream or cream, preheated to room temperature. And remember, until the skin stops hurting, you will have to give up beach pleasures.
Despite the fact that, as already mentioned, sunbathing is an excellent prevention of rickets, children should take them with extreme caution. First of all, it concerns children in the first three years of life.
Children of the first year of life are usually carried out under diffused sunlight (this is the so-called chiaroscuro), where babies receive light-air baths. The temperature in the shade should be at least 23 degrees. The duration of the light air baths for children of the first half of life - from 3 to 10 minutes (this time increases gradually). In the second half of the year, the duration of the baths can be increased by 5 minutes once every 4 days, bringing them up to 30 minutes. The course of light-air baths consists of 25-30 procedures.
Child over one year old summer time you should walk on the site, which has in equal proportions areas of solid shade (better from greenery than from canopies) and chiaroscuro ("lacy" shade from tree leaves). Start taking light-air baths at an air temperature of at least 20 degrees in the shade. In the future, when the child gets used to it, baths can be continued at a lower temperature (15-16 degrees), but in this case outdoor games are organized.
The duration of the first light-air bath is 5 minutes. Then, increasing the duration of the bath by 5 minutes once every 3-4 days, bring the total time of the procedure to 1 hour.
Taking light-air baths on hot days, the child can overheat even under scattered sunlight. Therefore, in the summer, during a walk, you need to water the baby more often and monitor him. general condition. At the same time, the child must be dressed in such a way that the clothes protect his body from overheating. The first signs of overheating are redness of the face and profuse sweating. In this case, the child is immediately taken into the shade, given a drink.
And here are some recommendations only for women. While sunbathing, they are advised to protect the skin from exposure to ultraviolet rays, which on the surface of the skin can cause dangerous changes in connective tissue fibers. As a result, the skin becomes dry, loses its elasticity, its ability to bind fluid decreases, and wrinkles form as a result.
For the forehead, nose, earlobes, the sun is especially dangerous. The rays fall almost vertically on these areas, and the skin instantly gets burned. If this does happen, apply a lanolin mask to the burnt skin.
It is not recommended to use decorative cosmetics while sunbathing. You can only paint your lips to protect them from drying out. In this case, it is desirable to use oily lipstick. Better yet, use this old remedy: dissolve a pinch of henna in a spoonful of warm vegetable oil, then gently apply the mixture on the lips with a brush, rinse off after 15 minutes. As a result, your lips will acquire an extraordinary coral shade that will last for two weeks.
Do not forget to "feed" the skin twice a day with hydrating gels and nourishing creams. And no alkaline soap! Only products with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction.
It is advisable to sunbathe during outdoor recreation or when doing physical exercises in the most revealing clothing. Try not to lie still for the entire time allotted for this procedure while sunbathing. Summer calls for activity and movement. It is good to play volleyball, badminton, swim more often. Have a nice summer vacation!
Solar energy affects sperm production. Scientists have found that in the summer, sexual activity in men increases markedly. In addition, the sun's rays can charge a person with cheerfulness and cheer him up. It has been noticed that in summer people are much less likely to become depressed, smile more often, and are more cheerful and friendly.
The sun's rays have a healing effect on the entire body. Blood circulation and the work of the heart muscle are activated, the nervous system is strengthened, physical activity is increased, and the supply of organs and bones with calcium is improved. The sun contributes to the production of vitamin D in the body, which is called the vitamin of life.
The Swiss August Rollier, who called himself a heliotherapist, maintained a "solar clinic" in the Swiss Alps and treated tuberculosis, colitis, anemia, gout, atherosclerosis, asthma, and skin diseases with unprecedented success. At the same time, Rollier used only two means - sunbathing and herbs saturated with the energy of sunlight. He argued that the higher the dose of solar irradiation of the plant, the better the treatment.
Heliotherapy is the therapeutic effect of solar radiation on a partially or completely naked person. The procedures strengthen the immune system, have a positive effect on blood vessels, muscles and other tissues, have a general strengthening effect, and improve mood.
Indications and contraindications for sunbathing
Sunbathing is shown for vitamin D hypovitaminosis, mild hypertension, inactive rheumatism, inflammatory diseases: lungs, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, joints, nervous system (but not during an exacerbation!), gout, obesity, neuroses.
But there are a number of contraindications, these are: hypersensitivity to ultraviolet radiation, all diseases in the period of exacerbation, tuberculosis, thyrotoxicosis, malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma; It is not recommended to irradiate children under 1.5 years of age.
Under the action of sunlight, first there is a blood flow to the skin (influence of infrared and visible parts of the spectrum), after 6-12 hours the skin acquires a persistent red color (influence of medium wave ultraviolet radiation). After 3-4 days, the redness decreases and upper layer the skin begins to peel off; at the same time, there is a tan (pigmentation) caused by long-wave ultraviolet radiation.
How is heliotherapy performed?
How is heliotherapy performed? Sunbathing is carried out in open areas or under louvered awnings, which creates diffuse radiation; the height of the trestle bed should be 45-50 cm. In hot summer days in order to avoid overheating, the foot end of the trestle bed is located towards the sun, in the cool months - transversely to the fall of the sun's rays. The person's head should be in the shade, and sunglasses should be worn over the eyes.
A little more about the latter. Buying cheap fashion glasses from street distributors, you most often run the risk of damaging your eyesight, since these things are made of glass that does not block ultraviolet radiation. At the same time, the pupils under dark glasses are always reflexively dilated, and ultraviolet waves, passing through them in large numbers, "burn out" the retina of the eyes, which is responsible for the perception of light signals. On quality sunglasses there is always a label with the letters UVB, but its presence does not guarantee protection against counterfeiting. It is better to protect your eyes by covering them, for example, with the brim of a hat.
Sunbathing time
Sunbathing is recommended in the morning from 8 to 11 hours later, half an hour - an hour after breakfast at an air temperature of at least 20C. Half the time is spent lying on the back, half on the stomach. After the procedure, you need to rest in the shade for 10-15 minutes, shower or douche with a water temperature of 22-32C, rubdown or bathing.
If the tolerance of sunlight is good, then you should start with 10-15 minutes of daily exposure to the sun, adding 4 minutes for every third day and taking one or two-day breaks after 5-8 days; the recommended maximum exposure time is 60 minutes.
People who have the first effects of radiation very quickly, but who are not forbidden by doctors to use heliotherapy, can increase the time of sunbathing by 4 minutes every three days, and the maximum time for them is 40 minutes.
Did you know that tanning is a protective function of the skin? That is why before a trip to the sea, doctors strongly recommend visiting several sessions of a solarium - in order to prepare dry skin of the face for exposure to ultraviolet radiation. After all, the activity of the southern sun is very high. In the next article, we will tell you why it is good to sunbathe and how to take sun and air baths properly.
How to take air baths
Air baths very useful, they harden the body, improve metabolism, have a beneficial effect on the nervous system, and calm the psyche. Good mood, cheerfulness, deep sleep and excellent appetite - this will be the result of a properly performed tan and air therapy. It would seem, what could be easier than taking air baths? Undress, walk or lie down!
In order not to harm your body, you should observe simple rules sunbathing and air bathing.
- The greatest effect of air treatment is achieved in the summer between 8-11 and 17-19 hours.
- Air baths are taken once a day under awnings, on verandas protected from direct sunlight, in the shade of trees.
- The time of the first procedures is 10-15 minutes, then it can be increased to one or two hours.
- If the air temperature is below 15 ° C, then the adoption of air baths should be postponed until more auspicious days. "Goose bumps" warns of hypothermia, get dressed soon.
How to sunbathe and sunbathe (heliotherapy)
Fashion for skin tone has changed in different times. Among the ancient Greeks, white skin was considered a sign of ill health, and the "father of medicine" Hippocrates called the sun a medicine for everyone. In the 19th century, beauties hid from the sun's rays under wide-brimmed hats so that their skin remained the color of aspirin.
The fashion for tanning was established at the beginning of the 20th century by the “legendary milliner” Coco Chanel. Everyone went to the beach, the cut of swimsuits changed every year, more and more revealing new parts of the body. Finally, the most "advanced" vacationers began to sunbathe without clothes at all. So there were nudists.
The sun's rays are undeniably beneficial. Under their action, the pigment melanin is produced in the skin - the same tan, as well as vitamin D, which prevents rickets. However, it should be remembered that sunbathing should not be taken by people suffering from tuberculosis, vascular sclerosis, hypertension, diseases of the central nervous system, migraines.
sunbathing best taken in the summer in the morning from 8 to 11 and after the heat of the day subsides, from 16 to 18 hours. In the first days of rest, you should not stay in the open sun and sunbathe for more than five minutes, otherwise you can get serious burns. Every day you can increase the time spent in the sun by two to four minutes.
You should know that each person's susceptibility to the sun's rays is different: blondes react to radiation more strongly than brunettes, whose skin quickly tans and acquires a chocolate hue. Children are about a third more sensitive than adults.
Long exposure to the sun in non-hardened people can cause exhaustion of the body, along with a bronze tan, they get irritability, headache, sleep disturbance and weight loss. Sunbathing is better after taking air baths, but before swimming in the sea.
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How to sunbathe? Not recommended! - Wash with soap before sunbathing. Soap degreases the skin, and it does not tan, but easily burns. - Before going to the beach, use special cosmetics for sunburn and burns. - Sunbathe on an empty stomach or immediately after a meal. - Sunbathe and generally be in the sun with your head uncovered. - Long lie in the sun in the hope of getting an even tan. A strong tan dries the skin, which can cause wrinkles, weakens the nervous system, and has a bad effect on sleep. |
Federal Agency for Education of the Russian Federation
State educational institution
Higher professional education
"South Ural State University"
Faculty of "PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORT"
Department of "Adaptive physical culture and biomedical training"
EXPLANATORY NOTE TO THE CONTROL WORK
sunbathing
by discipline " Non-traditional methods rehabilitation"
SUSU - 050720.2009.284. PZ KR
Comptroller, Associate Professor Head, Associate Professor
Student group ZFKiS-532
Yu.V. Sosova
Chelyabinsk 2011
Introduction
1. What is sunbathing
1.1 The effect of sunbathing on the children's body
2. Sun treatment
2.1 Artificial sources of ultraviolet rays
Conclusion
Bibliographic list
Calendar plan
| Section names term paper | Deadline for completion of work sections | Manager's mark of completion |
| Selection, approval of the topic (viewing literary sources, viewing special periodicals, etc.). | January 2011 | Done |
| Correction of the work plan. | January 2011 | Done |
| Selection of literary sources (definition of the search order, selection of literary sources). | January 2011 | Done |
| Determination of the methodological basis of the work. Adjustment of the goal, setting tasks, choosing an object and subject of research, choosing research methods. | January 2011 | Done |
| Primary processing materials collected and their scientific interpretation. | January 2011 | Done |
| Presentation of course work in a formalized form to the department. | January 2011 | Done |
| Coursework defense | January 2011 | Done |
Head of work V.D. Ivanov
Student Yu.V. Sosova
Introduction
Without sunlight, life on the planet would be impossible. After all, the Sun is the main source of energy for all processes taking place on earth. Since ancient times, people have highly valued the healing properties of the Sun and perceived it as a reliable ally in the fight against diseases. Thanks to the sun's rays, you can improve your health and prolong your life. The sun's rays on their own, without any additional funds destroy many pathogens. Under the influence of sunlight, fats are intensively burned in the body, metabolism improves, blood sugar levels decrease, blood quality improves, as hemoglobin rises in the blood. Ultraviolet rays contribute to the production of vitamin D and calcium in the body, which enriches the composition of the blood and allows the body to cope with all diseases. Even severe wounds heal more easily.
The effectiveness of sunbathing depends on the amount of ultraviolet rays emitted, which is constantly changing throughout the year. The sun is a powerful potent factor, and therefore, when using its radiant energy, certain caution should be observed. Healing properties sunbathing begins to appear at lower doses than at doses that cause intense pigmentation.
In the middle latitudes, not to mention the northern regions of our country, the human body lacks ultraviolet rays. But, fortunately, scientists managed to solve this problem: they created artificial sources of ultraviolet rays, which found wide application during the period of decreasing natural ultraviolet radiation.
1.What is sunbathing
Sunbathing in the warm season, especially in summer, has such useful healing properties which no other natural healing factor has. Professor I.M. Sarkizov-Serazini said: "Where the sun often looks, there is nothing for a doctor to do." “The sun is in the same inseparable connection with our nature as blood is with our body,” wrote a prominent Soviet physiotherapist, Professor P.G. Mezernitsky. Solar energy is a constant factor external environment man, has a decisive influence on the vital activity of his organism.
Scientists have noticed that a person isolated from the sun for a long time ceases to receive vitamin D, which is formed when the skin is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, as a result of which disturbances in the normal functioning of various organs inevitably occur, the amount of lime in the bones decreases, and hence their mechanical strength, the terms of wound healing are significantly slowed down, the tendency to colds. Therefore the warning of "solar starvation" is prerequisite hardening.
Thanks to the sun's rays, the life of all living beings, including humans, is generally possible. Thanks to the sun's rays, you can improve your health and prolong your life. People who avoid the sun's rays look pale and unhealthy. By nature, we are so arranged that it is quite natural for people to be covered with a light tan, the skin is adapted for exposure to the sun and should be a little dark. The reason for many diseases is that a person does not get enough sun.
The sun's rays by themselves, without any additional means, destroy many pathogens. The more the skin absorbs sunlight, the more protective forces accumulate in the human body, the more it stores energy that can resist diseases. The sun's rays kill microbes, neutralize their poisons, increase defensive forces organism. The golden brown color of the skin is due to the subcutaneous pigment, which is a special biological product designed to protect the body. Under the influence of sunlight, fats are intensively burned in the body, metabolism improves, blood sugar levels decrease, blood quality improves, as hemoglobin rises in the blood. Ultraviolet rays contribute to the production of vitamin D and calcium in the body, which enriches the composition of the blood and allows the body to cope with all diseases. Even severe wounds heal more easily.
The effectiveness of sunbathing depends on the amount of ultraviolet rays emitted, which constantly changes throughout the year: in winter they are negligible, in summer they are extremely high; less in spring and autumn than in summer, but more than in winter; more at noon than in the morning and evening.
The intensity of sunbathing also depends on the purity and humidity of the air, the terrain, the location of nearby industrial facilities, etc. In the highlands, on the banks of rivers, lakes, and seas, there are more ultraviolet rays than in valleys, in industrial areas, and cities. Smoke and dust reduce their intensity by 20-25 percent.
The sun's rays, acting on a naked body, cause complex physiological processes: an increase in body temperature, a decrease blood pressure as a result of the expansion of blood vessels, increased metabolism and sweating, an increase in the number of red blood cells, an increase in hemoglobin. However, these positive phenomena occur only if the correct dose of radiation is observed. When overheating, a number of opposite negative processes can occur with the appearance of headaches, fatigue, drowsiness, irritability, burns, loss of appetite. Elderly people with fragile blood vessels should be especially careful .
When hardening with sunlight, care must be taken to ensure that the load increases gradually. Begin sunbathing with reflected solar radiation, then gradually move to diffused light baths, and finally use direct solar radiation. Such a sequence is especially necessary for children and people who do not tolerate the sun.
They start hardening by the sun from the first warm days and regularly continue it throughout the summer and early autumn. If sunbathing starts late - in the middle of summer, then increase their duration especially carefully.
It is best to take sunbaths on the seashore - sea breezes will protect the body from overheating. The most favorable time for sunbathing is in the morning from 8 am to 11 am and in the afternoon from 4 pm to 5 pm. You should not be in the sun between 11 and 16 hours - at this time the sun's rays are very hot and carry a lot of solar radiation. During the first few days, the body should not be exposed to direct sunlight, it is better to be in a place where sunlight scattered by the light shadow of a tree. The head must be protected by an awning, umbrella or headgear. It is best to sunbathe lying down. In this case, the body is irradiated sunlight evenly. It is recommended to turn over every five minutes. After a sunbath, it is advisable to swim.
The first session of hardening by the sun for people with fair skin should not last more than 5, for dark-skinned 10 minutes. Subsequent sessions can be increased by 5-10 minutes, and so on up to an hour and a half. Healthy people can take sunbathing in fractional doses with a total duration of up to 2-3 hours a day.
If you have not taken special sunbathing in winter, the time of the first treatment should not be more than 20 minutes. It is necessary to remember about the uniform distribution of exposure to sunlight on the body, that is, you should alternately irradiate the front, back and side surfaces of the body for 5 minutes. With such a distribution of time in the near noon hours, each square centimeter of the skin surface absorbs 0.25 of the biological dose of ultraviolet radiation. In the future, with good tolerance, the time of sunbathing is increased daily by 5-10 minutes. The total duration of irradiation is 100-120 minutes or 5-6 ultraviolet biodoses per 1 sq. m body per day.
When cloudy and low solstice sunbathing time can be increased, but not more than 50% of the noon dose. It is advisable to take sunbathing not lying down, at rest, but with moderate physical activity (while walking, outdoor games). Moving, you can achieve a uniform distribution of light effects on the body and, therefore, an optimal healing effect.
Sunbathing therapy is practiced as an alternative medicine method for healing a variety of ailments. Moreover, sunbathing is used to get a beautiful, even tan. Of course, when practicing heliotherapy, it is important not to overdo it. Otherwise, instead of benefit, sunlight will bring only harm, and painful burns form on the skin.
Sunbathing and health: the benefits of sunlight
Heliotherapy (from the Greek gelios - "sun", therapeia - "treatment") is one of the most accessible methods of healing, adopted by folk medicine even in ancient times. This is a method of treatment with sunlight and heat, that is, the use of the radiant energy of the sun for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.
How is sunlight useful for the body? Its impact is multifaceted. Sunbathing is good for health: they activate blood circulation and work, strengthen the nervous system, improve the provision of organs and bones, which contributes to their strengthening.
The health benefits of sunlight also lie in the fact that the rays stimulate, stabilize blood circulation, dilate blood vessels, and improve elasticity. After sunbathing, the heartbeat quickens, blood flow to the skin increases, its color and condition improve. Moderately bright sun helps to get rid of - after a short stay in the light, brain activity improves.
As you can see in the photo, sunbathing provides the skin with a pleasant tan:
How else are sunbathing useful and what does solar energy affect in the body? The sun combined with swimming in the sea or river, lying on the warm sand help with joint pain. Solar Energy Affects Sperm Production: sexual activity increases in summer. People who are rarely exposed to the sun are at greater risk of getting cancer.
It is noticed that in the summer it is much. The fact is that the properties of sunlight, combined with increased physical activity, increase metabolism.
What are the benefits of sunbathing and to whom they are contraindicated
The benefit of sunbathing is also that under the influence of the sun, vitamin D is formed in the skin, on which the normal development of bones and teeth depends. The absence of the sun is especially harmful to children.: they may develop rickets - a disease that causes deformation of the bones, especially the legs.
You should not lie motionless under the blinding sun, you need to move more - run, exercise, exercise without overheating the body.
Since vitamin D is a building block for bones, osteoporosis, which is the cause of bone fragility in old age, is more likely to affect those who lead a sedentary lifestyle and rarely go out into the sun. With a lack of sunlight, hair loss, stratification of nails, and many other health problems can begin.
Contraindications to sunbathing:, severe heart defects, acute inflammatory infections, nervous system, pulmonary tuberculosis in active form, intense headache. Solar radiation is contraindicated in malignant and benign neoplasms.
The risk of getting uneven skin pigmentation and worsening health in the sun exists during pregnancy. Doctors do not advise sunbathing after taking certain medications. Substances that have photosensitizing (increasing sensitivity to light) properties contain perfumes and other perfumes. Therefore, on the beach it is better to refuse cosmetics, you can use specially created preparations for summer use with special sun protection factors, which are indicated in the composition by the letters SPF.
How and when is the best time to sunbathe
Without the sun, which is a source of heat and light, life on Earth is impossible. Our body is affected by both visible, light, solar rays, and invisible to the eye - infrared and ultraviolet. These rays are absorbed differently by different layers of the skin. With the transition from ultraviolet to infrared radiation, the depth of their penetration increases.
Sunlight works wonders: gives energy, helps to treat a variety of diseases, improves mood and appearance person.
The mechanism of exposure to sunlight on humans is well known. The fact is that as a result of metabolism in our body, free radicals are formed - compounds that harm the entire body and contribute to its aging. They destroy genetic information in the nuclei of cells, contribute to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques on the walls of blood vessels, and make these vessels fragile. Stop the negative "activity" of free radicals is capable of melatonin - a special hormone, the formation of which contributes to sunlight. It is he who plays the role of a kind of defender, since he intercepts and destroys free radicals, thereby maintaining overall well-being and pushing the aging of the body far into the future.
How to sunbathe outdoors? As a rule, they are beneficial in many diseases, but in order not to harm your own body, you must follow certain rules.
When is the best time to sunbathe so as not to get burned? It is recommended to do this one hour after a meal, and finish the procedure no later than an hour before a meal. The safest sunbathing in summer is from 8 am to 11 am, and in the evening from 4 pm to 6 pm.
Only by observing the rules of sunbathing can you get a lasting and beautiful tan - darkening of the skin under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, as a result of which melanin is deposited in its surface layers.
The duration of sunbathing and first aid for burns
On the first day, the duration of a sunbath under direct rays should be no more than 5-10 minutes. On the second day, sunbathing can be increased to 15 minutes. After that, you should increase your sun exposure by 5 minutes daily, bringing the procedure to 50-60 minutes, but being in the sun for more than 2 hours a day is not recommended.
Children under 12 years of age must be in the shade of trees during the procedure. For this age group solar procedures should be started from 2-3 minutes and gradually brought up to 30 minutes. Children over 12 years old can be in the open sun, and the duration of the procedure at the first stage is usually no more than 5 minutes, gradually the time is brought up to two hours. After a sunbath, you need to swim, take a shower or pour over cold water and rest in the shade for half an hour.
If you stay in the sun for a very long time, then there is a high probability of getting a sunburn. Urgent first aid is needed when the skin has become dry, painful, slightly swollen and reddened. At the first negative signs, you should immediately take cover in the shade, cool the damaged areas of the skin under a cold shower so that the pain subsides. Then take an antipyretic, treat the burn site with alcohol or a special panthenol-type ointment. For severe burns, see a doctor.
Traditional medicine at sunburn recommends lubricating sore spots with sour cream, fermented baked milk or yogurt. good remedy is a mixture of equal parts of alcohol (cologne) and a solution of vitamin A.
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