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At what temperature should you take air baths. Air baths katsuzo niches. Air bath treatment

Air is the most universal remedy hardening. Its influence on the human body is diverse: it is the effect of air temperature, its humidity, wind speed and aerosols - various liquid and solid substances, crushed into tiny particles.

Air baths

Air baths- the most favorable and common means of hardening. Facilitating the removal of vapors and gases from the surface of the skin, air baths have a certain hygienic significance for the body. In addition, air baths, due to thermal irritation of the skin, have a physiological effect on the body. This is expressed primarily in the reflex constriction and expansion of blood vessels, followed by an improvement in the operation of an extremely delicate and complex mechanism of thermoregulation (heat generation and heat transfer), an increase in muscle tone and endurance of the cardiovascular system, an increase in the content of hemoglobin and erythrocytes in the blood, and in many other favorable changes. in organism.

The main factor affecting a person is air temperature. Everyone knows that the face and hands are the least protected from the cold. And although they are often very cold, a person avoids colds and remains healthy.

An air bath can be either general, if the entire surface of the body is exposed to air, or partial (local), if only a separate part of it, for example, hands, is exposed. hardening action in this case primarily due to the temperature difference between the air and the surface of the skin. Air gap between the body and clothing usually has a constant temperature of about 27-28 ° C. The difference between the temperature of the skin of a dressed person and the surrounding air is usually small, and therefore heat transfer is almost imperceptible. As soon as a person is freed from clothing, the process of heat transfer becomes more intense. The lower the temperature of the external environment, the more cooling we are exposed to.

Depending on the air temperature, air baths are divided into very cold (below 0°С), cold (0–8°С), moderately cold (9–16°С), cool (17–20°С), indifferent, or indifferent (21–22°С), and lukewarm (over 22°С). Such a division, of course, is arbitrary: in well-hardened people, a feeling of cold occurs at a lower temperature (Antropova M.V., 1982).

Start reception air baths recommended in a pre-ventilated area. Then, as they harden, transfer them to the open air. The best place for an air bath - shaded areas with green spaces, remote from sources of possible air pollution with dust, harmful gases. Take baths lying down, reclining or in motion. You should undress quickly so that the air bath affects the entire surface of the naked body at once and causes a quick and energetic reaction of the body.

The time of day for hardening with air is not of fundamental importance, but it is better to perform the procedures in the morning, after sleep, in combination with morning exercises. It is recommended to take air baths on an empty stomach or at least 1.5 hours after eating.

At air hardening in addition to its temperature, humidity and speed of movement must be taken into account. Relative humidity is the ratio of absolute humidity to the highest humidity at a given air temperature; it is expressed as a percentage. Air, depending on saturation with water vapor, is usually divided into dry (up to 55%), moderately dry (from 56 to 70%), moderately humid (from 71 to 85%) and very humid (over 86%). It has been established that at high relative humidity a person is colder than at low relative humidity (Antropova M.V., 1982).

Equally important is the speed of air movement. So, in cold, but quiet, windless weather, a person is warmer than in warmer, but windy. The fact is that the layer of heated air around our body (the so-called boundary layer) is constantly changing, and the body heats up more and more portions of the air. Therefore, when there is wind, the body spends more heat than in calm weather. Wind causes an increase in body heat transfer. At high temperatures (up to 37 ° C), it protects a person from overheating, at low temperatures - from hypothermia. The combination of wind with low temperature and high humidity is especially unpleasant.

Aerosols also have an effect on the body. They constantly "bomb" skin body, mucous membranes respiratory tract. The composition of aerosols is diverse: for example, sodium, iodide, bromine and magnesium salts predominate in air flows coming from the sea. The wind from large green areas carries tree and flower pollen, microorganisms. It should also be taken into account that the content of aerosols in the air is uneven.

During cool and cold baths it is necessary to perform physical exercises. In wet and windy weather, the duration of the air bath is reduced. In case of rain, fog and air speed over 3 m/s, it is better to move the procedures indoors.

IN winter time air baths are carried out indoors and combined with gymnastics and subsequent water procedures. For the youngest children (up to one year old), they are combined with the process of swaddling and changing clothes. At this time (from 2-4 to 10-12 minutes), room air, the temperature of which should not be lower than 20 and higher than 22 ° C, freely affects the skin receptors.

air hardening can start at any age. From the end of the second month of a child's life, during one of the swaddling sessions, massage and gymnastics are carried out. For children from one year and older, the temperature in the room during the air bath is gradually reduced to 18 ° C. An air bath is combined with morning exercises (5-7 minutes), the child is engaged in a T-shirt, shorts and slippers. Children 4-7 years old stay in shorts and slippers for 10-15 minutes, of which 6-7 minutes do gymnastics (Antropova M.V., 1982).

In summer air baths spend on outdoors, mainly in the morning, in places protected from direct sun rays and harsh winds. Children for a certain time must remain half-naked. The body is laid bare at the direction of the physician certain order: first the upper and lower limbs, and then the torso. Hardening of children air baths begin in the summer in calm weather at an air temperature of at least 20 ° C. During air baths, it is recommended to play games or some kind of outdoor activities. The duration of the first baths should not be more than 15 minutes, then it is gradually increased.

To hardening children school age start at an air temperature not lower than 16-18 ° C, first for 5-10 minutes, and then gradually increase the duration of the procedure to 25 minutes. They also gradually switch to hardening at a lower temperature, but not lower than 12 ° C, while reducing the duration of the session to 10 minutes and combining it with exercise. In spring and summer, half-naked children are recommended to stay in the shade on fresh air up to 3-5 hours a day, depending on the weather (Antropova M.V., 1982).

When conducting air baths, the state of health of children and adolescents and their individual reaction are taken into account. Children, especially weakened ones, should not be allowed to cool, the appearance of trembling, "goose bumps" and cyanosis.

First air baths For healthy people from 18 years and older should last 20-30 minutes at an air temperature of 15-20 ° C. In the future, the duration of the procedures increases daily by 5-10 minutes and is thus brought up to 2 hours. The next stage is air baths at a temperature of 15-10 ° C for 15-20 minutes. At this time, it is necessary to perform energetic movements. Cold baths can only be taken by well-hardened people and only after a medical examination. The duration of such baths should not exceed 5-10 minutes. Cold baths should be ended by rubbing the body and warm shower(Antropova M.V., 1982).

At air hardening you can't bring yourself to the edge. At the first sign of severe cooling, you need to do a run and a few gymnastic exercises.

Dosage of air baths carried out in two ways: a gradual decrease in air temperature or an increase in the duration of the procedure at the same temperature. The latter is more convenient, since the air temperature largely depends on the weather.

The impact of air baths on a person is usually estimated by the amount of heat given off by the body during external environment for the period of procedures. This takes into account the number of calories given from 1 m2 of skin surface.

Table 2.1.1. the characteristics of air baths depending on the air temperature are given. For example, you need to take a moderately cold bath at an air temperature of 13-16 ° C for the fourth time. According to the table, we determine that the duration of the procedure in this case should be 8 minutes, for the fifth time - 10 minutes, etc. (Laptev A.P., 1986).

Table 2.1.1

Dosing of air baths

Characteristic air bath	Temperature air °С	Sequence number of the procedure
		Duration of the procedure, min
Very cold Cold moderately cold Cool Indifferent tepid

In order to strengthen positive impact air baths, it is recommended to carry out any water procedures after them. Therefore, air baths, like solar ones, are organized near water bodies, and in the absence of them, rubdowns or douches are carried out.

In addition to special air baths, walking in the fresh air in any weather, sleeping during the year with an open window is very useful. Both increase the resistance of the upper respiratory tract to cooling. A certain hardening effect is also observed when wearing lighter clothing that allows air to circulate underneath.

Great opportunities for hardening the body are provided by year-round outdoor training, all kinds of sports associated with the hardening effect of air (Table 2.1.2).

Table 2.1.2.

Duration of air baths with exposure to the waist in calm cloudy weather in minutes

Terms and Conditions	Air temperature °C
Resting state Walking on the plain at a speed of: Uphill (15 °) with speed Uphill (30°) Jogging Volleyball game Football game recreational rowing					No limit

Literature

1. Ivanchenkov V. A. Secrets of the Russian temper. - M .: Young Guard, 1991.
2. Ivanchenkov V. A. Accelerated hardening course. // Soviet Russia, 1983, January 9.
3. Kolesov DV Physical education and health of schoolchildren. – M.: Knowledge, 1983.
4. Laptev A.P. The ABC of hardening. - M .: Physical culture and sport, 1986.
5. Laptev A.P. Harden for health. – M.: Medicine, 1991.
6. Laptev A.P., Minkh A.A. culture. - M .: Physical culture and sport, 1979.
7. Marshak M.E. Physiological bases of hardening of the human body. - L .: Medicine, 1965.
8. The World of Childhood: A Teenager / Ed. A. G. Khripkova; Rep. ed. G. N. Filonov. - M .: Pedagogy, 1982.
9. Polievsky S. A., Guk E. P. Physical education and hardening in the family. – M.: Medicine, 1984.
10. Sarkizov-Sarazini I. M. Fundamentals of hardening. - M .: Physical culture and sport, 1953.
11. Soviet encyclopedic Dictionary. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1981.

Updated: 02 April 2012 Views: 18325

Most recently, we talked about the procedure for hardening the body with cold. There are also procedures such as air baths, the whole point of which is the exposure of fresh air to a naked body. His healing properties beneficial effect on the human body. Some resorts practice climatotherapy, which is based on climatic baths. This article will focus on air therapy, verandah treatment, its benefits and existing contraindications.

If you decide to strengthen your immunity, then air therapy is perfect in order to get the desired recovery.

By taking baths in clean, fresh air, you are training your body to deal with environmental factors that adversely affect it. Fresh air comes into contact with your skin and irritates its nerve endings. Due to this, your breathing improves and the blood is saturated with oxygen.

Since such treatment is practiced in resort areas and involves a long stay of patients on open verandas, then this form of air baths received the corresponding name.

Being on the verandas, people dress according to the season. And in cold weather they use sleeping bags and warm blankets not to freeze. During verandah treatment, air baths can have different temperatures.

Classification of air baths

1. Warm (t° > 22°C);
2. Indifferent (t° = 21-22°C);
3. Cool (t° = 17-20°C);
4. Moderately cold (t° = 9-16°C);
5. Cold (t° = 0-8°C).

Air bath treatment

What kind of baths you should take should be determined by the doctor after you have been examined.

Initially, the duration of the procedures is 10-15 minutes at an air temperature of 20°C. Every day, the time spent outdoors with this t ° is increased by only 10-15 minutes and brought up to 1.5-2 hours.

The duration of taking cool baths is 3-7 minutes. Every day, 3-5 minutes are added to the time spent in the air and adjusted to 30-60 minutes.

When taking moderately cold baths. Since the temperature of the air is below 17°C, the body must not be allowed to become supercooled.

The duration of cold baths, which are recommended only for well-trained people, should not exceed 8-20 minutes.

As soon as you notice goose bumps or feel chilly, immediately stop taking air baths and immediately get dressed, go into a warm room and drink hot tea.

With veranda treatment, the time for taking air baths should be up to 2-6 hours. In some cases, it is advisable to spend the whole day on it.

The benefits of air baths

• Your body's thermoregulation system is trained.
• The intensity of oxidative processes taking place in the body increases markedly.
• Muscles and nervous system, from the very first minutes of being in the air enveloping the body, come into tone.
• After you take air baths, your appetite will improve significantly, and your sleep will please you with its strength and depth.
• Emotions run wild, and the soul sings along with the body...
• Air therapy helps with the prevention of a number of diseases: certain types of cardiovascular diseases, anemia, tuberculosis, diseases nervous system and etc.

It is especially useful to take air baths in places where there is a lot of oxygen, ions and sea salts.

Air bath contraindications

Even this seemingly harmless procedure has contraindications. Doctors do not recommend such baths for people with acute febrile illnesses, myositis and neuritis, as well as with exacerbations of rheumatism and various chronic inflammatory diseases of the joints.

If you've ever taken an outdoor bath, let us know how you feel in the comments.

Air procedures are necessary for the adaptation of newborns. Babies are not capable of thermoregulation, and such procedures help protect them from overheating.

Under the clothes, the child may develop diaper rash, skin irritation. Very often there is a small rash. Miliaria is not a dangerous disease, as it occurs as a result of overheating, but it causes itching and bothers the child. Air procedures will help to avoid the occurrence of such problems.

Read: How to deal with diaper rash

Leaving the baby undressed for a short time - harden him.

Air baths are an integral part of aerotherapy (air therapy). They improve blood circulation, tone up, promote healthy sleep. After the procedure, children's appetite improves,

It is important to know! Air procedures strengthen the child's body, so they must be carried out several times a day.

How and when to carry out the procedure

Air baths for newborns are carried out indoors and outdoors. They can be full (when the child is undressed), or partial (a normal walk on the street).

How to carry out air procedures indoors

In the room, aerotherapy is carried out in a ventilated area. Every time you change your baby, change the diaper, it is advisable to leave him undressed for a while.

Since newborns have not yet developed the ability to thermoregulate, the first days they are left naked for 1-2 minutes, gradually increasing the time. At three months, babies can be left undressed for 30-40 minutes.

The first weeks for carrying out air procedures are sufficient for the time spent on dressing the baby, processing skin folds. In addition, newborns can not be completely undressed. For 2-3 minutes, remove the cap from the head, after a while - the vest, and then the sliders. A monthly baby is left undressed for 10-15 minutes. At this time, it can be put on the tummy. This posture strengthens the back muscles and has a beneficial effect on the digestive system.

So that the baby is not capricious, carrying out air procedures with him, you can do exercises. There is a set of exercises that is mandatory for newborns. You can play with the baby, at the end of the air bath, the child's skin must be lubricated with a special baby cream or oil.

It is important to know! The child should take an air bath at a temperature above 22 degrees, there should be no draft in the room.

Air procedures on the street

An ordinary walk in the fresh air is an element of aerotherapy, subject to certain rules. You can walk with the baby anywhere, in the park, forest belt, in the yard. The main thing is that there should not be industrial enterprises, railway, busy motorway. It is necessary to dress the baby for a walk according to the season, in no case should overheating be allowed.

Many young mothers are afraid that their baby will freeze and dress too warmly. Although doctors recommend counting how many layers of clothing an adult has, and dressing a child by adding one layer.

During the walk, it is necessary to ensure that the baby does not sweat, or vice versa, does not freeze. This is easy to do by checking if the underwear is damp. If the child is sweating, it should be changed and reduce the number of things worn. To find out if he is cold, you need to touch the baby's nose. If it's cold, hurry back home and dress warmly.

IN summer time air procedures can be carried out, leaving the baby completely undressed. The main thing is that the child was not exposed to direct sunlight. At air temperatures above 25 degrees, it is desirable that the baby be undressed most of the time. Only during sleep, newborns must be covered with a thin diaper. If the wind is strong outside, it is better to dress the child.

In the warm season, you can walk outside with a newborn almost all day. If the temperature is below 15 degrees Celsius, then you can stay in the fresh air for no more than 1 hour. During a slight frost, you can walk for 10 minutes.

It is necessary to accustom newborns to walks in the fresh air gradually, especially for children born in the cold season. Winter children are taken outside for 2-3 minutes. They take longer to put on, so many mothers prefer to take their children in a stroller to the balcony. Autumn and spring babies are taken outside for 10-15 minutes at first, adding 5 minutes for a walk every day. For the first time with summer children, they walk for half an hour, and each time they increase the time by 30 minutes.

After a walk in the fresh air, newborns improve their appetite, they sleep more soundly. So if it's not raining outside or hard frost it is necessary to walk with children.

From the moment of birth, the baby is not an absolutely helpless and defenseless creature. Nature has endowed the child's body with all sorts of protective mechanisms, for example, thermoregulation, thanks to which he is able to avoid both overheating and hypothermia. All this is provided for in the physiology of the crumbs so that he, once in new environment with living conditions different from those in which he grew up while he was in his mother's stomach, he could exist and develop normally.

An important ability of a newborn baby is thermoregulation.

If, however, you constantly create conditions for the child that resemble greenhouse ones, then over time, the innate protective functions will simply cease to function as unnecessary. Such excessive and irrational care can lead to the fact that any, even the most insignificant, draft will become dangerous for the little one.

It is at an early age that the body's endurance and resistance to regularly changing conditions in environment. For these purposes, you should harden the crumbs with the help of water procedures, air and sunbathing. This method will not only prevent the defense mechanisms from atrophying, but will also strengthen them.

Basic principles of hardening

Before you start hardening your baby, you need to find out the basic principles this process. This is important so that the hardening procedures give a stable positive result, and not, on the contrary, negatively affected the health of the crumbs. Hardening will be effective if the following rules are observed:

1. Systematic and regular. The child should be hardened constantly, regardless of seasonal conditions, without taking long breaks in the process. It is desirable that they become an integral part of the crumbs' life routine along with sleeping, washing, walking and playing. When the baby gets used to them, and this does not take much time, they will take on the character of ordinary everyday activities.
2. Consistency and continuity. It is necessary to gradually increase the duration of the procedures and consistently, not abruptly, lower the air temperature during the hardening process. This rule is paramount for young children and those who have a weakened body.
3. Age and individual characteristics. When carrying out hardening, it is always worth considering the physical condition and age of the child. Special care should be taken when hardening weaker children, but it is imperative to deal with such procedures with them. In case of illness, it is necessary to find out from the doctor which of the procedures can be continued with at least a lower impact force. However, if it is necessary to stop hardening until the moment of complete recovery, at the end of the disease, the procedure will have to be started from the very beginning.
4. Good mood of the little one and freedom of movement. Hardening procedures will not bring the desired effect and will rather be useless if carried out with a crying and restless child. The baby should not be afraid of the hardening process.
5. Monitoring the condition of the hands, feet and nose of the baby before and at the time of hardening. They must be and remain warm. Severe hypothermia due to cool air can adversely affect the children's body.

Air baths should be done regularly, while you need to monitor the condition of the crumbs

air hardening

Dear reader!

This article talks about typical ways solutions to your questions, but each case is unique! If you want to know how to solve your particular problem - ask your question. It's fast and free!

Air hardening procedures are very simple and do not require special knowledge, skills and devices. The only thing that is required from parents is their time and desire to lay good foundation in the health of your child. It is also useful to know how to harden correctly and how much in duration and frequency to carry out specific procedures. There are three main methods of air hardening. This:

• ventilation;
• walks in the open air;
• air and sun baths.

Room ventilation

The simplest way of air hardening, which does not require the participation of a newborn, is airing. Best effect gives a through method. To do this, open windows and doors in a ventilated room. Thus, the room will circulate the air that has entered it from the street. Naturally, during this period the child should not be there. Only after the room is filled with freshness, and the air temperature in it drops by 1-2 degrees, you can bring the baby back in after closing the windows. There is no need to change into warmer clothes after airing.

Ventilation is a mandatory daily condition for keeping a child in the house. This event will not only reduce the temperature in the room, but also saturate the air with moisture, which is so necessary for the child to breathe.

When it is cold outside, the ventilation procedure should be carried out every day 4-5 times for 10-15 minutes. IN summer season windows in the house must be open at all times.

Pediatricians recommend maintaining the air temperature in the room where the newborn is most of the time, within 18-22 degrees Celsius. According to research results, more heat indoors affects the rate of growth and development of the crumbs.

Walks in the open air

The more time you spend outdoors in the open air, the better. In the summer, you can sleep, feed, play, exercise, and so on outside. However, you need to walk not only in summer, but also at any time of the year. It is important to dress your child appropriately for the weather, but try not to wrap them up too much.

After discharge from the hospital, all mothers are concerned about the issue related to walks, namely when you can go out for a walk with a newborn and how long the walks should last. If the air temperature outside does not drop below minus 5 degrees Celsius, then a baby at the age of 2-3 weeks can be safely taken out for a walk. The first walk should not last more than 10-15 minutes. Gradually, this time should be increased and brought up to 1.5-2 hours. It is advisable to walk at least 2 times a day. When it is warm, the number of walks can be more, and their duration varies from 2 to 2.5 hours. You can walk between feedings both during the period of wakefulness and go to sleep for the baby. In principle, up to 1.5 years, it is preferable to spend a child's daytime sleep in the fresh air.

As for the correct dressing of a newborn on the street, there are a number of signs by which it is easy to understand that the child is comfortable in the clothes that he is wearing. He:

• fast asleep;
• falls asleep easily and quickly;
• breathes evenly;
• does not sweat;
• him pink color faces and warm limbs.

Walking with a child should be arranged as often as possible, while it is important to select the necessary clothes that are comfortable for the baby.

In case of sudden hypothermia, restless sleep is observed, the nose and limbs become cold, and the face becomes blue tint. Overheating is similarly characterized by restless sleep, plus the baby's forehead sweats and the skin becomes wet. It is also important that during walks the baby is more in the shade and well protected from the wind.

Air baths - this is the child being naked indoors or outdoors for some time. Procedures of this kind are useful for the body in that they:

• increase the child's resistance to infectious diseases, especially for infections that affect the respiratory organs;
• contribute to the fact that the process of thermoregulation is normalized in babies;
• prevent inflammatory diseases of the skin;
• improve the state of the nervous system, the baby becomes calmer;
• increase the absorption and saturation of the body with oxygen;
• cause a good appetite and deep sleep.

To arrange room air baths with a newborn should begin after 2-3 weeks after his birth. It is also important to follow certain rules, namely:

1. In the first month of life, air baths consist in swaddling, that is, when changing diapers, you can leave a naked baby to lie for 1-2 minutes. It is enough to do this 2-3 times daily.
2. At 1.5 months, hardening can be combined with gymnastics and massage, while gradually lowering the temperature to 18-20 degrees.
3. For 6 months, the time of procedures should be increased to 10 minutes, conducting them 2 times a day. You can start with 3 minutes and add a minute every day.
4. It is important not to overcool the baby in the process. When the first signs of hypothermia appear in the form of goosebumps, you need to immediately put on the crumbs and reduce the duration of the procedures in the future (we recommend reading:). If sleep and appetite are disturbed, it is worth stopping air baths for a certain period.

Sunbathing is best done in the morning, before the sun bakes too much.

In summer time perfect option- this is a combination of air baths with solar. If the latter are carried out correctly, they will have a very beneficial effect on the body. The benefits of exposure to ultraviolet rays include:

• death of pathogenic microbes;
• improved metabolism and absorption of nutrients;
• improvement quality composition blood;
• increase resistance to various diseases, in particular rickets.

It is important to know the measure in the use of sunbathing, so as not to harm the baby. Ideal age to start similar procedures- 1 year, although you can start doing them as early as six months.

Hardening by the sun should be carried out in the morning from 9.00 to 11.00 or after 16.00. During these hours, the child will receive the maximum amount of ultraviolet radiation with minimal thermal exposure. You can sunbathe when the thermometer shows more than 13-20 degrees in the shade. The first procedures should last about 1-2 minutes. It is necessary to bring the duration to 5-10 minutes, increasing it by 1 minute every two days.

Hardening the baby in the sun, it is important to protect it. To protect his eyes, he should wear a hat with a large brim. Also, it is necessary to start the procedures only half an hour after eating, and after they are finished, you can pour water over the baby with a temperature of 28-32 ° C. It is also worth considering the fact that children with red and blond hair are more sensitive to the sun and they overheat faster.

The benefits of air hardening for the baby's body

Hardening does not apply to treatment methods, this is a preventive action, but if you follow this method of dealing with various colds, then parents can safely expect that their babies will have high stamina and a strong immune system.

The specificity of the method of hardening a baby from a very early age with air procedures leads to the development of a persistent protective factor in the body in relation to various types harmful bacteria and infections.

The technique of air procedures for newborns: how and how much time to harden?

Experts advise before carrying out procedures for hardening babies, get acquainted with the basic principles of their impact on the children's body. Before starting the course, doctors advise Special attention to the following factors:

• Individual characteristics and approach.
• The sequence of the procedures.
• Systematic implementation with a gradual increase in impact factors.
• Mixing general principles hardening with local.
• Gradual adaptation to new types of loads during hardening by air baths of newborns.

Airing the apartment

The beginning of the course of hardening of newborns is the ventilation of the premises in which they are located. If the baby does not have individual prohibitions, regardless of the season, the room should be systematically ventilated. If it is too cold outside (from -100C), you only need to use the window, opening it for 15-20 minutes, monitoring the air temperature in the room. Experts advise to ventilate the premises in the following format:

• For newborns, whose doctors have recognized them as absolutely healthy, ventilation of the premises should be carried out 3-4 times a day with an increase in procedures up to 7-9 times.
• For children who have minor health problems, airing is performed 2-3 times a day. After the child's health is fully improved, the number of procedures increases.
• For babies who have colds with the threat of becoming chronic, hardening is carried out in a gentle mode: at the time of airing, the baby is taken out of the room and returned when the window (window) is closed. In the future, the number of procedures is gradually increased and, with obvious improvements, brought to the standards that apply to healthy children.

In all cases, initially, during ventilation, the temperature drop in the room where the newborn is located should not fall by more than 3-4 degrees. Later, provided that the baby responds well to the technique, the rooms are ventilated for a longer period.

With babies, with whom they begin to engage in this type of hardening from birth, there are practically no problems with hypothermia in the future. Getting into nurseries, kindergartens, schools and other children's institutions, where special attention is paid to ventilation, hardened children are much less likely to get colds than the category of babies that are commonly called "greenhouse".

Room air baths naked

Gradually, moving on to other procedures that harden the child's body, experts pay special attention to air baths, when the baby is completely undressed and allowed to stay in this position for some time. What is the use of such procedures and why babies are recommended this particular method of hardening from the very first days after birth:

• The baby becomes less susceptible to infections and colds.
• Thermoregulation in children who harden by taking air baths naked is noticeably improved: children are not capricious when the temperature changes, their behavior is calm, after the procedures the child remains active, but at the same time his sleep is calm.
• The child's skin has better protection in relation to lesions of the dermis and diseases that disturb babies during this period: prickly heat, diaper dermatitis and others.
• Children are calm, they are not noticeable in their behavior. nervous breakdowns, they are more active in development.
• Children have a good appetite.

Initially, naked hardening comes down to short-term undressing of the newborn at the time of changing diapers. As a rule, 2-4 minutes is enough for a child to get used to such procedures in a week. Further, the child can be undressed more often, play with him, perform gymnastic exercises development of the muscular and skeletal system. After the first three months, the duration of the procedures can be increased up to 15 minutes, with a decrease in the temperature in the room to 18-200C.

winter walks

Babies who are born in the summer, outdoor walks are allowed almost from the first birthdays. The main condition for mothers is the correct selection of clothes, with the condition that the newborn is not too hot, but at the same time, he was not exposed to drafts.

In not frosty winters, when the temperature drop does not exceed -50C, already at the 2nd week of life, mothers can take the baby outside for short walks in the fresh air. The first winter walks should take place in places where there are no strong drafts, accumulations of dust and other aggressive factors, for a period of time not exceeding 15 minutes. Gradually increasing the time spent on the street, already in the first 3 months of life, the baby can be in the fresh air from 30 to 50 minutes.

Outdoor walks should gradually increase in time of stay: for 6 month old babies, 2-3 outings a day from 1 to 1.5 hours is the norm. At the time of walks, mothers should provide the kids with a comfortable stay in the fresh air: pick up the right clothes, if necessary, use a blanket and other things so that the child does not freeze, but at the same time it is not too hot.

How can you determine that the newborn has the right set of warm clothes and that he is benefiting from walking in the fresh air:

• The child is not naughty, actively responds to toys suspended in the stroller.
• The baby quickly falls asleep, his breathing is regular.
• After returning from a walk, all the baby's things are dry, the child's skin is not sweaty and at the same time pink.

To the question: how long can you walk with a baby, it is rather difficult to answer. If during sleep the child has a bluish color under the eyes and on the cheeks, the nose becomes cold, the child is constantly tossing and turning - there are all signs of hypothermia on the face.

Sleep in the fresh air

The most useful moment of walking in the fresh air for a baby is daytime sleep. That is why, for the first months of a baby’s life, parents are recommended to buy strollers of such a format in which the baby could feel comfortable at the time of sleep while walking.

Young mothers often ask pediatricians a question: why does a child spin around during sleep, often rolls over, and falls asleep almost instantly while walking, and at the same time, his breathing is even, his complexion is pink, and the newborn himself is active and cheerful after such a rest. Fresh air, especially if walks are carried out in places where there is no dust, there is no loud noise, for example, in a park, gardens, squares, it is very useful for the body. At the time of sleep, the baby fully rests: his breathing is even and at the same time the child practically does not react to extraneous sounds. If the opportunities for walking are limited, experts recommend using balconies and loggias, putting the baby to sleep during the day, fully opening one of the windows, while making sure there are no drafts. In this case, the procedure for walking should be regular and at about the same time.

Contraindications to taking air baths in infants

Despite all the advantages of air baths, there are a number of contraindications that temporarily or completely prohibit such procedures.

• The presence of fever in the acute stage of colds.
• Baby's negative reaction
• Infectious diseases.
• Deterioration in baby's health: weight loss, appetite.
• The presence of genetic diseases that have passed into a chronic form.
• Prematurity.

If positive changes occur in the baby’s body with age, then only after the experts give permission, you can gradually accustom the baby to change temperature regime hardening method.