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Decorative sunflowers - photo of varieties, application in garden design. Sunflower - use in traditional medicine recipes

Hello. Today's meeting involves a new acquaintance. Let's talk about unusual colors. This is an ornamental sunflower, growing it from seeds will undoubtedly be a pleasant pastime for you.

Perhaps you have seen fields sown with sunflowers, and if not, look at the photo: the spectacle is ardent and impressive. Few know that the usual technical culture has more than one and a half hundred decorative species.

A plant brought from America to Europe in the 16th century unusual flower called helianthus - a sunny flower. At first, the culture was grown because of its beauty, only then it began to be sown for Agriculture. Later, breeders bred decorative varieties.
Helianthus are grown all over the world. Bouquets are made of them, they become decoration landscape design, cultivated as indoor plant. Many varieties of decorative sunflower look so unusual that it is difficult to correlate them with the progenitor -. They differ:

• different colors, flowers are white, cream, apricot, orange, burgundy, brown, yellow;
• the shape of the flowers, which happen to be simple, semi-double and double;
• flower size from 5 to 30 centimeters;
• height. There are giant varieties that grow up to three meters, medium-sized - a meter and a half high, compact - grow up to 60 cm.

Please check out some popular varieties helianthus:

1. The most favorite variety of domestic gardeners is "Bear Cub". Its height is not more than one meter, it has large double flowers of bright yellow color. Blooms from mid-summer to autumn.
2. "Red Sun" - a variety of domestic selection, known throughout the world. It blooms for a long time, the petals are red-brown, the height is up to two meters.
3. "Vanilla Ice" - a variety with flowers vanilla color grown for bouquets.
4. 'Moulin Rouge' has two-tone petals: red on the inside, yellow on the outside. The heart of this variety is black.
5. "Kong" - these sunflowers up to five meters high often form a hedge.
6. 'Pacino' has attractive bright yellow flowers and is a very short growing plant.
7. "Big Smile" grows up to 30 cm, the flowers are yellow, the middle is black.
8. 'Sunspot' is a dwarf-height cultivar with huge flowers.
9. 'Music Box' has a whole inflorescence on one stem.

Planting in a flower bed and care

For planting choose a sunny place. Fertile soil will eliminate the need. Sharp gusts of wind can break fragile stems, choose a protected place. Decorative annuals are propagated by seeds. Their preparation is very simple:

• make an aqueous solution of wood ash;
• saturate the fabric with it;
• wrap the seeds in it;
• soak for a day, moisturizing the fabric if necessary

Sow directly in open ground or in seedling boxes. Growing seedlings makes sense only in regions with a cold climate and short summers.

In most areas, sunflowers are successfully bred by sowing seeds directly into open ground. Sow no deeper than 3 centimeters. The distance between plants depends on the variety: large sunflowers are placed 70 cm or more apart, smaller ones - 30-40 cm apart.
Landing time comes in early May. Shoots appear in a week. The culture begins to bloom in July and continues until October. Some flower growers, in order to please the helianthus with their flowering for as long as possible, sow them with an interval of two weeks.
The solar flower is unpretentious and requires simple care:

• weekly watering if the soil dries out;
• removal of weeds with simultaneous loosening.

Can be sustained longer when cut flower baskets before seeds are formed. The sunflower will have new buds and the flowering cycle will resume.

sunny flower on the windowsill

In a warm apartment, culture will delight all year round. Caring for him is very simple, you can entrust even children. The first step is to choose a dwarf variety that is more suitable for growing on a windowsill.
Take the container, taking into account the size of the sunflower, so that you do not have to replant later - he does not like this procedure. You can buy a long container and plant several plants at once, or you can use a flower pot. For dwarf varieties, a diameter of 40 centimeters is suitable. For a sunflower of medium height, a box with a volume of 20 liters is needed.

Before planting, the pot must be disinfected to prevent diseases. At the bottom, make drainage from pebbles. Pour in the universal potting mix for flowers, not reaching the top of the container 2 centimeters.

It is possible, add humus 1: 1 to the soil to increase its fertility. There are also special crystals to support optimal moisture balance. Don't forget the bottom stand to collect excess water.
Sow the seeds to a depth of 2-3 cm and water well. Planting is carried out with two seeds in one hole, so that later the weaker plant can be removed. Continue watering every three days, observing soil moisture. After 3-8 days, sprouts will appear. Move the sunflowers to their permanent sunniest spot.

Protection against diseases and pests

Of particular danger are insects that eat away the inside of the stem and lead the plant to death. Do not forget to inspect sunflowers from time to time and, as soon as you notice pests, treat with insecticides. One treatment will destroy uninvited guests.
Plants can be subject to bacterial diseases:

• downy mildew;
• rust;
• brown spotting.

The causative agent of dew is carried by insects, its occurrence is facilitated by high humidity, both air and soil.

The inner side of the leaves is covered with a white coating, dark spots appear on the outer side.

To do without chemistry, you can use a folk remedy: 3 grams blue vitriol and 25 grams of soap per liter of water. Plants are sprayed with a solution until the signs of the disease disappear.

decorative sunflower often suffers from brown spotting. It can hit plants in the garden and. high air temperature and high humidity contribute to rapid development. Infection can occur from water, soil.

Signs: the appearance of round or oval spots on the leaves and stems, which then become dry. As soon as you notice, remove the affected areas. If a houseplant is sick, isolate it from others.

After you finish cutting off the affected areas, wipe the instrument and hands with alcohol. Cut wounds should be sprinkled with activated charcoal powder. Noticed in time, these measures will be enough to prevent further development of the disease.
In the case when it was not possible to extinguish the source of infection, the disease progresses, you will have to resort to antifungal chemicals.

Diseases can be prevented by adhering to: loosening the soil, removing weeds.

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Annual sunflower or oilseed sunflower (sunflower) is an annual herbaceous plant family Astrovye with large flower baskets. Refers to honey. Grows in warm countries temperate climate. The sunflower is widely cultivated for use in cooking, folk medicine and homeopathy, as well as in several other areas.

Procurement and storage

The following are used as medicinal raw materials: rhizome, stem with leaves, marginal flowers (yellow "petals") and annual sunflower seeds. The roots are harvested in the fall: dug up, cleaned from the ground and dried in electric dryer at a temperature of 40-50°C. Flowers are harvested at the beginning of the flowering of the plant: they are carefully cut off, trying not to damage the baskets, and dried in a well-ventilated area away from sunlight. Sunflower leaves are harvested in the summer, when they have grown to 5-7 cm: they are plucked without petioles and dried on outdoors in the shade or in an electric dryer at temperatures up to 50°C. The sunflower stem is harvested when the caps have already been removed: the stems are cut, cut into pieces of about 2 cm and dried. Seeds are harvested as they mature.
Dried raw sunflower is stored for two years in fabric or paper bags.

Composition and properties

Leaves, stems, marginal sunflower flowers are rich in: flavonoids, sterols, anthocyanins, carotenoids, saponins, choline and phenol carboxylic acids.

Plant seeds contain: carotenoids, tannins, sterols, fatty oils and fatty acids, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins E and PP, lecithin and phospholipids. Sunflower root is rich in potassium salts and alkaline alkaloids. Unrefined sunflower oil contains vitamins A, E, F and D. Due to its composition, annual sunflower has: anti-inflammatory, astringent, expectorant, diuretic, choleretic and laxative effects. Also, this plant regulates salt metabolism.
In folk medicine, sunflower is recommended for:

• flu
• malaria;
• cough;
• catarrh of the upper respiratory tract;
• bronchial spasms;
• thyroid disease;
• atherosclerosis;
• diseases of the heart muscle;
• poor appetite;
• colic in the stomach and intestines;
• urinary and gallstone diseases;
• hepatitis;
• diseases of the biliary tract;
• arthritis, polyarthritis, osteochondrosis and other diseases associated with salt deposition;
• neuralgia;
• oncology;

• diseases of the genitourinary system;
• pemphigus vulgaris;
• diabetic ulcers;
• burns, neurodermatitis, eczema.

Recipes

Infusion for appetite:

• 1 tbsp marginal sunflower flowers;
• 1 st. boiling water.

Pour the flowers with boiling water and let it brew for an hour. Strain. Drink 1/3 cup three times a day before meals.
Also, this infusion is recommended for oncology as a diuretic: 1/2 cup three times a day for 10 days, then a break of 5 days and again 10 days of admission.
Antipyretic infusion:

• 2 tbsp marginal sunflower flowers;
• 1 st. boiling water.

Pour the petals with boiling water, let it brew for 10 minutes and strain. Drink at night with a cold.

Another recipe for antipyretic infusion:

• 1 sl. chopped fresh sunflower stalk;
• 1 st. boiling water.

Pour boiling water over the stems, let it brew for an hour and strain. Drink 1/2 cup 2-3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.
Infusion for high blood sugar:

• 1/2 st. sunflower seeds;
• 1 liter of boiling water.

Pour the washed black seeds with boiling water in a thermos overnight. Strain in the morning. Drink throughout the day in between meals. Recommended course of treatment: 14 days of admission, 14 days - a break, 14 days of admission, again a break for 14 days and repeat the course of admission for the third time.
Broth from bronchitis and bronchial asthma:

• 1 tbsp fresh marginal sunflower flowers;
• 1 tbsp crushed fresh sunflower leaves;
• 1 st. boiling water.

Pour boiling water over the vegetable raw materials, boil for 10 minutes over low heat, and then let it brew for an hour. Strain. Pour the resulting decoction boiled water to the original volume. Drink warm 2-3 tablespoons 3-4 times a day before meals. Also, this decoction will help with malaria and whooping cough.

Decoction for cough, bronchitis, whooping cough and tonsillitis:

• 3 tbsp crushed sunflower seeds;
• 500 ml of water.

Pour the seeds with water and boil over low heat until the volume of liquid has evaporated by a quarter. Then strain the decoction. Can be sweetened. Take 1 tablespoon three times a day for 10-14 days.
Decoction for prostatitis:

• 4/5 cup dried sunflower root;
• 3 liters of water.

Pour the roots with water and boil, and then let the decoction brew for 3-4 hours. Drink 1 liter a day.
Decoction for kidney disease:

• 2 handfuls of dried sunflower stalks;
• about 3 liters of cold water.

Place the stems in three liter jar and fill with water. Let it brew for an hour, and then drain the water, boil it and pour it over the stems in the jar again. Cover the jar with gauze and leave to infuse for a day. Then strain. Take half a cup three times a day. Recommended course of treatment: a month of admission, a week break and repeat the course. In total, 3-4 courses should be completed.

Decoction with the deposition of salts:

• 1 st. crushed dry sunflower roots;
• 3 liters of boiling water.

Pour boiling water over the roots and boil for 10 minutes over low heat. Strain. Drink 2/3 cup of decoction 2-3 times a day. Store the broth in the refrigerator - you need to use it in three days. The recommended course of treatment is 1 month.
Decoction for arthritis (for external use):

• 1 st. crushed sunflower root;
• 1.5 liters of water.

Pour the sunflower root with water, bring to a boil and boil for 10-15 minutes, and then let the broth brew for 2 hours. Strain. Use for compresses and rubbing.
Psoriasis tincture:

• marginal sunflower flowers;
• 70% alcohol or vodka.

Fill in any glass jar flowers by 2/3 and fill with vodka to the top. Let the product brew for 14 days. Strain. Use for wiping areas affected by psoriasis.

Also, this tincture can be used for colds: 1 tablespoon three times a day 20 minutes before meals - no more than 3 days!
Pneumonia tincture: fill in glass bottle sunflower petals and fill with vodka. Let it brew for 14 days. Strain. Take 1 teaspoon three times a day.

Tincture for neurosis, neurasthenia:

• 3 tbsp crushed marginal sunflower flowers;
• 1 st. vodka.

Fill the flowers with vodka and put in dark place for 7 days. Strain after a week. Take 35-40 drops diluted in a small amount of water twice a day 20 minutes before meals.
Gout tincture:

• 1 sunflower flower;
• vodka.

Take a medium-sized sunflower flower (without a root), chop it and place it in a liter jar, filling 1/3 of its volume. Then fill the jar with the flower with vodka to the top. Let it brew for two weeks. Shake the container with the mixture periodically. Strain after 14 days. Take 1 tablespoon twice daily 20 minutes before meals. Also use tincture for rubbing at night.

In case of herpes, a marginal sunflower flower, previously scalded with boiling water, is applied to the rashes.
For the treatment of heel spurs take the sunflower pulp left after removing the seeds, boil it and apply it hot to the heel. From above, fix the sunflower pulp with polyethylene and a warm bandage.
Annual sunflower oil is also used in folk medicine: it is taken orally as a laxative, used for rubbing against joint pain and for wound healing (compresses are made from boiled oil).

Contraindications

Treatment with annual sunflower is contraindicated in:

• pregnancy and lactation;
• individual intolerance.

Sunflower seeds are not recommended for patients with gastritis and stomach ulcers, as well as overweight people.
Attention: joint pains during treatment with infusions and decoctions of sunflower signal that they are being cleansed of salts.

Do you want to have a little sun in your flower bed? Then plant a decorative sunflower.

Helianthus seeds, as this plant is correctly called, came to Russia thanks to Peter I, and they come from Mexico. At first, sunflowers were grown precisely as ornamental plants - they were very much appreciated for their large and beautiful flowers capable of turning their "heads" after sunbeams. And although these were the most ordinary, as they are now called "technical" plants, they aroused the well-deserved admiration of lovers.

Decorative varieties of the famous oilseed crop appeared relatively recently and quickly gained popularity among flower growers.

Baskets of this unusual flower are up to half a meter in diameter, but there are also very small ones - only 10 cm. Unlike an ordinary sunflower, its entire calyx is filled with small flowers that completely cover the brown base. A flower basket is like a crown with multi-colored tubular flowers, the colors of which, depending on the variety, can be not only yellow, but also cream, and orange, and even white. The shapes of the petals are also very diverse - long, rounded, twisted or curved.

This plant is an excellent honey plant; insects love to visit it. Therefore, when flowering ends, a large number of seeds are formed, which are no worse in taste than those that grow on commercial varieties of sunflower.

Helianthus is very unpretentious, but loves open sunny areas. If the soil is fertile enough, you can not fertilize it at all, or feed it with organic matter at the very beginning of the growing season. But we must remember that next year in the place where the sunflowers grew, it will be possible to plant only beans or beans. They impoverish the soil so much that even fertilizer is not immediately able to improve the situation.

Ornamental sunflowers are propagated in the same way as ordinary sunflowers - by sowing seeds directly into the ground, and perennial species - by dividing the bush, which is produced in spring and autumn.

The bushes are divided in the second or third year. This not only rejuvenates the plant, but also promotes lush flowering.

For sowing, it is desirable to choose a sunny place with well-drained soil. Seeds are sown no deeper than 2.5 cm. A sufficient distance must be left between plants, which depends on the size of the selected variety.

Shoots appear in one or two weeks. And flowering begins even after 75 or 80 days. In order to continue flowering until frost, most varieties can be sown sequentially, starting in May.

Faded inflorescences should be removed immediately. This will speed up the opening of new buds, and the stems will also tend to the ground less.

Sow decorative sunflower it is necessary as early as possible - so that it has time to grow and bloom until autumn. But it must be borne in mind that all its annual species are very thermophilic and therefore afraid of frost. But there is one trick here: to speed up flowering, you need to remove all stepchildren and small buds that are located under the main central one.

If you want to get abundant and beautiful flowering, in dry weather, sunflowers must be watered abundantly at least once a week. It is also important to protect the plant from the wind, which can simply break tall thin stems with heavy flower heads.

In the northern regions, perennial varieties of helianthus need additional winter care. With a lack of snow in winter, they can freeze, so the bushes should be covered.

There are many attractive ornamental sunflower varieties. They are great for both garden decoration and cutting. One of the most beautiful is "Teddy Bear". It is low, no more than a meter, with double flowers, blooms well even in the capricious climate of the northwest. If you plant it at the end of May, it will bloom in the last days of July, and will delight you until the frost.

Other interesting varieties of domestic selection:

— The dacha resident is a charming, sturdy man no more than 40 cm tall, he looks impressive both in flowerbeds and in separate groups.
- Red Sun - a tall variety with velvety burgundy inflorescences with a dark center.
- Light of the Moon - huge lemon-colored inflorescences, up to 45 cm in size; in addition to the central, largest, it has a number of lateral inflorescences, which are slightly smaller, but make the plant look like a large bouquet.

Also popular varieties foreign firms :

- Giant Single - a two-meter giant with golden petals;
- Ginger Nat - yellow, terry, one and a half meters high;
- Moulin Rouge - velvet, maroon;
- Vanilla Ice - with a black center and pale yellow edges.

All sunflowers are great for making bouquets. And from tall varieties of decorative sunflower, you can make original screen walls that protect the garden from wind and prying eyes.

Useful tips, informative articles for summer residents and gardeners. Planting, care, harvesting. Of course, a lot of information about flowers, berries, mushrooms. On the pages of the site "Useful grass.ru"

decorative sunflower is becoming an increasingly popular plant in the garden. Decorative varieties of sunflower with a variety of colors of elegant baskets have now appeared on sale. Among them there are two-three-meter giants, and undersized plants.

Undersized sunflower varieties adorn the flower bed and mixborder wonderfully. They are good for group plantings, for decorating balconies, suitable for growing in a pot culture, and also excellent for cutting.

Flowering of ornamental sunflowers is long and plentiful - from July to September.

Decorative sunflower sun for the garden

Let's take a trip to the natural world to learn more about these sun lovers.

Sunflower (Helianthus) is a genus of plants belonging to the Compositae family. The genus contains about 90 annuals and perennial species. Among them, there are many food (gnawing and oilseed) varieties of sunflower grown for the sake of obtaining seeds, however, ornamental varieties of sunflower also occupy their place.

A variety of flowers of decorative sunflowers are very showy in the garden.

Ornamental sunflowers vary considerably depending on the variety:

• flower diameter (5-30 cm);
• stem height (40-300 cm);
• the color of the petals (lemon, golden, bright yellow, red, orange, burgundy, brown, etc.).

Numerous attractive varieties of ornamental sunflowers have been bred with an exquisite form of basket petals, with simple, semi-double and double flowers. These varieties are very good for decorating the garden and making bouquets.

decorative sunflower cultivation

Decorative sunflower is an unpretentious plant, and it is not at all difficult to grow it. Like all sunflowers, it is photophilous. Ornamental sunflowers propagate by seeds, which are sown in spring directly into the ground.

For sowing ornamental sunflower, a sunny location is chosen, it is desirable to allocate a site with well-drained soil for it. Seeds are planted to a depth of 2-2.5 cm.

The distance between plants depends on the variety, and the future size due to this variety. small plants in group landings for decorative purposes, they are usually located at a distance of 30-50 cm from each other. Between large and giant plants, the distance is 70 cm or more. If the goal of planting is to create a wall-screen of tall sunflowers that protects the garden from the wind, the crops need to be made thicker.

If sunflower seeds are planted in fertile garden soil, then plants do not need fertilizers: decorative sunflowers grow well without any top dressing. However, I still fertilize sunflowers. Of course, they will take care of themselves, pull everything they can out of the soil - after all, such a giant needs to grow at the expense of something. But then the soil will become scarce, and next year nothing can be planted in this place. So I fertilize the plants to plant them year after year. For this reason, it is better not to plant them in a flower garden. Decorative sunflowers are good for masking unsightly places on the site - a barn, a fence, a compost heap.

Sunflower is mainly known to gardeners as annual plant, although there are also perennial varieties.

Perennial sunflowers (giant, ten-petalled and hard) naturally exist in North America, and it was from there that they were brought to Europe. They are winter-hardy, reaching a height of 60 to 250 cm. The flowers of perennial ornamental sunflowers are relatively small and do not exceed 5–9 cm in diameter.

withdrawn garden varieties with simple, semi-double and double flowers: Soleil d'Or, Major, Oktoberfest, etc.

Sunflower decorative varieties with photo

Sunflower Decorative Crimson Queen

Sunflower Decorative Raspberry Queen is an interesting variety of decorative sunflower. It was said that this is a new luxurious giant variety. It reaches a height of 1.5-1.8 m and has dense, large velvety baskets-inflorescences with a dark brown center and petals of a noble, intense crimson color.

I bought a bag of this variety from Poisk.

I expected sunflowers with about the same colors as in the first photo.

As a result, the flowers of the decorative sunflower turned out to be completely different.

They are less decorative, but have a number of advantages. The plant forms four caps on top, directed in different directions. They bloom alternately, one sunflower flower fades, another one forms on the side. Sometimes it begins to form without waiting for the previous one to fade. Fading baskets I immediately removed. When the upper ones faded, new flower stalks came out of the sinuses. So they bloomed until they were beaten by severe frosts at the end of October. They endured slight frosts calmly, they only stood gloomy until the sun came out.

Sunflower decorative Bear cub

Sunflower Ornamental Bear cub is an annual plant up to 40 cm high. Stems erect, double flowers, bright yellow, up to 15 cm in diameter. The bush is very compact and low. Flowering is very plentiful, and until late autumn. Seeds are recommended to be sown in April-May directly in open ground. Many flower growers in the conditions of central Russia in mid-April are planted for seedlings in cups, and only when the threat of frost has passed, they are planted in the ground in a permanent place. Transplant tolerates well.

A very interesting, rather undersized variety, with fluffy, cute, touching flowers. It grows well in partial shade, although it likes a sunny location.

Looks good in flower beds, does not drown out other plants. However, the flower bed requires a lot of space.

Sunflower Decorative Teddy Bear or Teddy Bear

One of the most beautiful varieties Teddy Bear or Teddy Bear. It looks like a Medvezhonok variety, low, no more than a meter high, with double bright yellow flowers up to 22 cm in diameter, resembling a plush toy. It blooms well even in not very favorable climatic and weather conditions. Flowering, which occurs in mid-summer, lasts until autumn.

Sunflower decorative Red Sun

The decorative sunflower Red Sun is a bit like the Raspberry Queen. A very interesting variety with red-brown flowers, reaching a height of up to 2 m.

Sunflower decorative Vanilla Ice

Sunflower decorative Vanilla Ice

This variety was bred by foreign breeders. It has charming pale yellow non-double petals, with which the dark core contrasts.

Sunflower ornamental Moulin Rouge

Ornamental sunflower Moulin Rouge is also a variety of foreign selection. In a sunflower of this variety, the flower is painted in a rich carmine-red color, the petals gradually change color along the length, they are lighter at the edges, and darker towards the core.

Sunflower decorative ProCut Red Lemon BiColor

And this is another wonderful work of foreign breeders - decorative sunflower ProCut Red Lemon BiColor

This is an amazing two-tone sunflower: the inner half of the petal is colored dark red, and the outer half is light yellow.

The center of the flower is black.

Sunflower decorative Kong

There is a variety that reaches a height of 5 meters! This is an ornamental Kong sunflower. It is one of the tallest sunflowers and has thick stems and broad leaves. Perfect solution for creating decorative fence. Entire jungle grows in which you can get lost.

Decorative sunflower - bright sunny colors in your garden!

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"Helianthus"

Game-competition "Helianthus" (2017)

Dear friends!

In Russia, schoolchildren and pupils of kindergartens from 66 regions took part in it!

All competition tasks were related to the following objects: HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES, FOOD, PETS AND HOUSING.

When completing tasks, participants had to choose the correct answer from the proposed options and mark its number on a special form. For work in grades 1-4, 45 minutes were allotted, in grades 5-11 - 1 hour 30 minutes.

The tasks and answers can be found on the page archives of the materials of the game-competition "Helianthus", the depersonalized results are posted on the page the results of the game-competition "Helianthus" (2017).

The Russian Organizing Committee summed up the results. Results tables were submitted to the regional organizing committees indicating how many points each student received and what place he took among all participants in his parallel, certificates, and diplomas and prizes for winners and prize-winners. Regional organizers also complete the transfer of documents and prizes to participating schools.

E-mail address of the Methodological Commission of the competition: [email protected]

Information on the contest "Helianthus"

Short bedtime stories for young children

Fairy Alla slept peacefully
The sun crept near
And in her ear said
How many did not bloom
Bright, fluffy flowers!

No one will see them
All buds are tightly compressed,
Only bathed in dew...
The flowers are sleeping, the fairy is napping...
Something needs to be done urgently!

And that's right! Fairy Alla flew off a huge flower and began to clean up the garden. The petals opened and the fragrant flowers thanked the fairy.
The sun, meanwhile, also did not beat the bucket. It flew up to the flower and grabbed a large drop of dew from there.
But the bright insect was not at all going to drink this moisture.

Proper cultivation of decorative sunflowers from seeds

She had something else in mind. What exactly, you will find out later. Maybe the sun was preparing some kind of surprise for Fairy Alla?

It really was a surprise!
All the insects followed,
Hearing the fragrance
Gifts were brought in paws:
All by a drop of dew
Carried bees and bugs
And a drop of nectar
Fairy brought they!

It turned out to be a full vat!
And they are happy to swim.
But this is for Alla -
The dome was prepared.

- Well, how? the sun asked slyly. — Insect friends helped me put water and nectar into the barrel. We want you to have a good rest! And then we are so sad when you just sleep and do not pay attention to us at all ... Better take a swim. This is a wonderful vacation. You will gain flower energy and tirelessly create magic for the joy of us all. Great, isn't it?
Fairy Alla agreed and smiled warmly at the sun.
—————————————————
Short bedtime stories for children.
Reading for free online

Photo flowers sunflowers

Vipadkovo in the store she drank decorative dormouse on the back, bought it. The first axis is like a fluffy bag rozkvitli at me under the windows. Nicole would not have thought that dormouse can be like that.

Helianthus (in Latin Helianthus), which in translation from Greek helios means “sun” and anthos - a flower”. The fatherland of this sony flower is Pivnichna America.

Obviously, at the word “sleepyhead”, in the head one sees the image of a strong supporter grain crop, and even more so, no flowers for decorating the landscape. However, helianthus odnorichny recently more and more gaining its popularity as a flower for decorating the garden, decorating flower beds, for masking spores, fences (in group plantings), as well as for growing and making original bouquets.

Decorative dormouse: form

the widest garden forms of the dormouse odnorichny in decorative gardening:

Decorative dormouse: description

Bushes of decorative dormouse upright, slightly branched; dwarfs with a height of up to 30 centimeters, or giants - up to three meters. Blossoms in large-flowered tall forms with a diameter of up to 30 div. Kviti tsієї roslina mayut rich color palette: white, cream, traditional yellow, orange, dark red and violet-burgundy.

Roslin is warm and light-loving. Seeing the success of the well-trained relatives of the gurunti. Water-loving, especially in the cob growth period.

Planting a decorative dormouse

Most of the time, they hang near the square on the bed in a nesting way on a depth of 2.0-2.5 cm, from 2-3 simyanki, on a stand of 35-75 cm fallow in the height of the variety. After progeny, they are overgrown with one bush in a nest.

Kvіtne dormouse is decorative with lime on the cob on spring. If necessary, the height of high-growing varieties should be plucked, the top of the central stem should be pinched at a height of one meter. Tse spryaє shvidkou utstvennyu that growth of the great number of pagonіv with more drіbnimi sutsvіttami, and kushch nabuvaє compact form. The similarity of the present is taken care of by a stretch of three or three rocks.

Imagine slender rows of powerful plants that meet the morning sun and turn their beautiful hats after its rays. This is the helianthus, known to us under the name "sunflower" - the most light-loving culture. If you think that you can only meet it in the fields where the sunflower is grown in industrial scale, then you are deeply mistaken. In decorative floriculture, helianthus is not the last. Thanks to the work of breeders, many hybrid varieties with interesting colors have been bred, and the unpretentiousness of the culture and its proud regal appearance attract the attention of lovers of simple but original forms.

Decorative sunflowers are often used to make bouquets, because after cutting, the plant retains a fresh look for 2 weeks.

Growing helianthus is a pleasure. It develops practically without human help, without the need for daily care. Even a single plant in a flower bed becomes the center of attention, and group compositions from different varieties sunflowers, and even in combination with other flowers, create a unique masterpiece. We offer a closer look at the ornamental sunflower and its popular species, as well as learn about the features of cultivation, so that everyone can choose a plant to their liking and decorate their site with it.

Own scientific name sunflower received due to the shape of the inflorescence resembling the sun, and Greek, in which "helianthus" means two whole words: "sun" and "flowers". That is why it is often called the "flower of the sun."

What is an ornamental sunflower?

Helianthus is a member of the Aster family (Asteraceae). All of it hybrid varieties bred on the basis of an annual wild sunflower - a medium-sized plant up to 1 m high big amount inflorescences in the form of sun hats. The inflorescence itself is a basket with small tubular petals inside, and large tongue petals along the edge. At the end of flowering, the petals wither and crumble, and black faceted seeds ripen under them.

Sunflower seeds have very good germination: even after 3 years they are able to germinate.

Varietal variety of helianthus

To date, there are almost 200 species of helianthus that are used in decorative floriculture, but breeders do not stop there, inventing new varieties of this unique plant. There are among them both dwarf specimens not exceeding 30 cm in height, and real giants over 3 m tall. The color of the hats is no less diverse: from the characteristic yellow color, to unique white petals and even deep purple. What can we say about terry varieties - their stuffed lush heads will decorate the flower bed.

Scientists also worked on the very form of the inflorescence, breeding varieties similar to dahlias, chrysanthemums or gerberas. And the very shape of the petals is different from standard view sunflower - they can be round or oval, curved or twisted.

It is worth noting that most modern hybrids are absolutely sterile. They do not have pollen, respectively, it is excluded allergic reaction for a sunflower bouquet.

Depending on the shape of the plant, the following species groups of the helianthus flower are distinguished:

• variegated (with a pattern on the leaves);
• Californian (with stuffed inflorescences);
• many-flowered (multiple inflorescences are located along the entire stem, giving the sunflower the appearance of a pyramid).

According to the total height of the bush, they distinguish:

• giant varieties "growth" from 1.8 to 3 m with large hats up to 30 cm in diameter;
• medium-sized sunflowers with a height of 1.2 m;
• dwarf varieties not exceeding 60 cm in height.

Among the most beautiful views Helianthus is worth noting the following varieties:

Where and when is it better to plant a flower of the sun?

The main thing to consider when growing helianthus is that this plant loves the sun very much and simply cannot live without it. If your site has the brightest and warmest place, it is simply intended for a sunflower. In addition, such a site should not be flooded with melt water.

To admire the colorful hats until the frost, you can plant the plant in several visits, starting in April and ending in the month of August.

The planting of the helianthus is carried out mainly with the help of seeds, laying them out in holes of 2 pieces. The second seed is usually used as a fallback, in the event that both germinate, one plant can always be transplanted. In general, sunflower seeds have good germination. It is not necessary to deepen the seeds strongly, 2 cm is enough - in the future, powerful roots themselves will firmly settle in the hole.

The distance between the holes depends on the particular variety and averages about 40 cm. If it is an upright species that branches little, the holes can be made closer to each other. Lush, profusely branching bushes should be planted less often so that they have enough room to develop.

If you decide to grow seedlings of helianthus (this option is also possible), it should be borne in mind that it does not tolerate transplantation well.

Dwarf varieties can be bred as pot crops by placing containers on summer period outdoors in the garden. Reproduction of perennial helianthus is carried out by dividing the bush, which is carried out in the third year after planting in early spring or in autumn.

Ornamental sunflower care

Despite its size and powerful structure (rarely any other garden flower has such a strong trunk, not counting the shrubs), helianthus is the most unpretentious plant. Almost all the main activities for its cultivation are carried out at the planting stage. Having chosen a suitable place for the culture, caring for the helianthus will not cause trouble in the future, because by its nature the sunflower has good vitality, having adopted it from its ancestors. His developed root system firmly fixes the plant in the soil, whether it be compact species or tall varieties, and is able to get nutrition from the lower layers.

As for watering, helianthus prefers moderate humidity. It is not worth flooding the plantings so that the roots do not begin to rot, however, in a dry hot summer, you will need to pour water under the bushes more often.

During the season, it is advisable to feed the decorative sunflower twice in order to replenish the balance of nutrients that the powerful root system of the plant has chosen from the soil. But even if this is not done, the helianthus will not disappear, it simply will not be able to reveal its beauty in full force.

After sunflowers next season, you can only plant legumes, because they greatly deplete the land. Even after fertilization, the soil can fully recover only after a few years.

After the inflorescences fade, they must be cut to prolong the overall flowering of the bush (the largest caps should be left to collect seeds). In addition, pruning will help relieve stress on the stem, and it will not lean. Tall varieties helianthus need additional support.

To bring the flowering of the helianthus closer, some summer residents use one trick: they pluck out stepchildren and small buds that grow under the central one.

If everything is clear with regard to annuals (they must be planted annually), then a few more words should be said about perennial decorative sunflowers. This applies to the wintering of the flower in open field- when growing perennials in cold regions, they may require shelter, especially if the winter is not very snowy. Otherwise, caring for perennial crops is no different from breeding annual helianthus.

As you have already seen, the flower of the sun is actually very flexible and incredibly beautiful. Stock up on seeds and grow it on your site universal plant. Tall giants with their large hats will reliably hide your dacha from neighbors, miniature crumbs with puffy heads will decorate summer veranda, and perennial sunflowers for a long time will meet you at the gate, nodding their heads in greeting.

Overview of ornamental sunflower seeds - video

Among the numerous varieties of flowering plants, there are flowers that look like sunflowers. All of them belong to the Compositae or Astrov family. Baskets (inflorescences) in members of the family have a round shield different shape.

The peduncles of these plants are complex, that is, what we call the "sunflower flower" is an inflorescence of several dozen flowers adjacent to each other in one receptacle. The bed is flat, concave or convex.

Sunflower flower resembles a miniature sun

Everyone has composite plants, similar to small sunflowers, small, thin tubular flowers grow in the center of the basket, reed along its edges, which create a lush corolla.

Tubular flowers are tightly adjacent to each other. It is from them that the seeds grow. The receptacle is immersed in a solid base - a cup, around which small leaves (bracts) grow, framing the basket. They protect the inflorescence until it has formed and opened.

It cannot be said that the common ancestor of all aster plants was a wild-growing sunflower, once brought by the Spaniards from America, but the similarity of the structure of aster plants with agricultural sunflower is undoubted.

Venidium (Arktotis)

Venidium inflorescences are painted in the most different colors. The varieties Orange Prince, Amaretto, Venidium marigold are similar to the sunflower.

Venidium Orange Prince gives large baskets up to 10-12 cm in diameter with bright, orange-yellow and orange reed flowers. The diameter of the inflorescence of Venidium marigold is 3.5-4 cm.

Reed flowers of Venidium have the shape of a strongly elongated oval. Tubular flowers are black, dark brown. Plant height varies from 45 to 70 cm, its bushes are wide and branched. The plant blooms from June to September, it is planted in multi-level flower beds, combined with other aster flowers.

Jerusalem artichoke is a frost-resistant perennial crop grown in the middle lane and in the south. Some gardeners, when asked what the flower is called, will answer that it is an earthen pear. Tubers are eaten, which taste like cabbage stumps, turnips or turnips.

This plant blooms profusely with small bright yellow inflorescences. Reed flowers of Jerusalem artichoke are bright yellow, tubular flowers are often dark brown. Baskets grow on thin long stems.

The diameter of Jerusalem artichoke inflorescences varies from 2 to 10 cm. The leaves of the plant are elongated, lanceolate. Jerusalem artichoke grows up to 2.5-4 meters in height.

Elecampane - medicinal plant which is used in herbal medicine. This herbaceous bush with long stems and broad, toothed leaves. On one stalk grows 3-6 inflorescences and several leaves. The height of the bush, depending on the variety, is 30-70 cm, the diameter of the basket is 4-15 cm.

Inula inflorescences are orange, yellow, light yellow, tubular and reed flowers are painted in the same or different colors. Reed petals are narrow and long, they form one or more rows.

This plant is planted among stones in rockeries and on alpine slides.

This annual is characterized abundant flowering, sanvitalia bushes from July to October are strewn with dozens of small flowers. The color almost completely covers the foliage. Sanvitalia's baskets are small, their diameter is from 1.5 to 2.5 cm.

The marginal (reed) petals of the inflorescences are rich yellow, the receptacle of the basket is convex. The tubular flowers of sanvitalia are black with a purple or brown tint. There are varieties of sanvitalia with a green core, white or orange corolla.

The branched stems of the flower grow up to 30-60 cm, they bend, giving the bush a spherical shape. Varieties of Gold Braid, Sunshine, Yellow Sea are similar to small sunflowers.

Rudbeckia hybrid

This plant with large inflorescences vaguely resembles a sunflower or chamomile (varieties Zelenoglazka, Terry Golden, Autumn Flowers, Amber, Marmalade and others). The reed petals of rudbeckia are very bright, yellow, fiery orange and red. The receptacle of the basket is convex, tubular flowers are brown, purple and lilac. In different varieties, the size of the baskets varies from 9 to 17 cm.

In many varieties of hybrid rudbeckia, the petals of the corolla are two-colored, with longitudinal or transverse striping.

Rudbeckia stems grow to a height of 50-250 cm. They are covered with elongated or oval leaves painted in dense green. The stems of the flower are stable and rigid.

Ornamental sunflowers (helianthus) - similar to sunflowers, but they are not sunflowers - are grown as an agricultural crop. Their seeds are not suitable for eating and obtaining oil. There are dozens of breeding varieties of this plant.

The color of the reed petals of the helianthus can be yellow, white, cream, orange, burgundy, light yellow. Tubular flowers in the center of the basket are yellow, black or brown.

Reed flowers have a different shape and size, in some varieties they are folded into a tube. The diameter of the baskets varies from 5 to 30 cm. Dwarf helianthus grow up to 60 cm, giant ones reach 2-3 meters in height.

Marigold inflorescences are simple (with one or two rows of petals), semi-double and double. The color of the corolla is rich orange or light yellow. Reed petals are evenly colored, but in some varieties the color becomes lighter towards the middle. Tubular flowers are orange. They can be painted in a more saturated color than reed ones.

The leaves of calendula are elongated, lanceolate, light green, the stems of the plant are moderately branched. Flower bushes grow up to 30-60 cm in height. There are large and small varieties of calendula. The size of inflorescences-baskets in different varieties ranges from 3 to 10 cm.

All breeding chrysanthemums have single-row or double inflorescences of various colors and sizes. These plants are resistant to cold and are pleasing to the eye until frost. Chrysanthemums are planted in flower beds behind low-growing flowering plants.

There are dozens of varieties whose baskets look like small sunflowers. These are chrysanthemums Maiden (Golden ball), Terry (yellow and white), Svemba kars, Mishal and a number of others. Tubular basket flowers are often black, yellow or green.

Most varieties of this flower have bare or pubescent stems, jagged green leaves. The height of the stems-peduncles reaches 40-60 cm.

Cosmea yellow (sulphur-yellow)

Two varieties of sulphur-yellow Cosmea are popular with flower growers - Bilbo and Cross Lemon. This thermophilic plant drought tolerant.

The diameter of the inflorescences of this species is small - 5-7 cm. Reed flowers are painted in rich yellow, sulfur-yellow, orange and red-orange colors. Tubular flowers in the center of the basket are most often yellow.

Thanks to the lush foliage, Cosmea sulfur-yellow completely covers the soil. The leaves of this plant are rugged, pinnate and lanceolate. The Bilbo variety blooms in semi-double orange baskets and grows to a height of 50-80 cm. The Lemon Cross is short and reaches 40 cm.

Among the many varieties of this plant, Gelenium autumn yellow and Gelenium Canaria are similar to small sunflowers. Baskets of this plant are solitary, but more often corymbose, collected in inflorescences. The receptacle is surrounded by reed flowers of reddish, purple, orange, brown and yellow flowers. In the center of the basket, on a strongly convex bed, tubular flowers (brown or yellow) are located.

Helenium autumn yellow grows up to 3 meters in height and produces inflorescences 4-6 cm in diameter. Gelenium Canaria (Canaria) grows up to 150 cm, its baskets with a diameter of 3.5-5 cm form corymbose apical inflorescences.

Chamomile yellow

Yellow chamomile is also called goat or doronicum (Doronicum). There are several breeding varieties of decorative chamomile of this species.

Both reed and tubular flowers of this chamomile are bright yellow and lemon yellow. The diameter of the inflorescences varies from 4 to 10 cm in diameter.

Glossy dark green leaves grow on stiff and slightly branched stems of a flower bush, basal leaves form a rosette. After flowering, the foliage of yellow chamomile does not wither and retains a fresh appearance until the end of summer. The height of dwarf bushes is 20-25 cm. Tall chamomile grows up to 70 cm.

asters

Asters are not terry varieties according to the structure of the inflorescences, they are similar to a sunflower. These are Andrella Super, Matsumoto, Rainbow, Alpine Astra.

Alpine Astra has reed flowers that are white or yellowish, they also come in pink, red, lilac and purple. The receptacle of the baskets of this variety is raised, but slightly recessed towards the center. Tubular flowers have yellow petals. In the center of the calyx, the flowers are undeveloped, they are green in color. The diameter of the inflorescences-baskets is 4-6 cm.

Astra Andrella is super similar to the variety described above, but the receptacle of the inflorescence is flatter here. The color of the reed flowers of Andrella Super pink, purple, white, yellowish, tubular flowers are yellow. Basket diameter - 9-10 cm.

In total, there are much more flowers that look like a sunflower. You met only the most common plants.