How to draw a poster on the theme of carefully ticks. Carefully!!! ticks!!! (memo and information poster). Your personal protection against tick-borne encephalitis
The simplest surveys show that often ideas about the danger of ticks and the tick-borne encephalitis they carry are rather vague, not only among children. school age but also among adults. That is why newsletters and stands with the headings "Beware of Ticks!" actively used in clinics, kindergartens and schools.
So, let's see what you need to know first about ticks and the dangers to humans associated with their bites ...
Caution: ticks!
Bites of ixodid ticks are one of the often underestimated dangers that a person may encounter when going out into nature, staying in countryside and even just while walking in the green areas of cities in the spring and summer. With the bites of these arthropods, it is possible to infect a person with deadly infections, and the treatment of the diseases they cause is difficult and does not always end successfully.
This means that in order to protect yourself from tick bites, you need not only to behave correctly in nature (this is not enough!), but also to take special measures, which we will talk about a little later.
Ticks and tick-borne encephalitis
Ticks are arthropods belonging to the class of arachnids. Today, there are more than 54 thousand species of them in the world (moreover, some experts believe that the real number of tick species, taking into account forms that have not yet been described, can be many times greater).
Different types of ticks differ significantly in lifestyle, feeding methods and habitats. Most of them are completely harmless to humans, and some are even beneficial to agriculture.
In itself, the bloodsucking of ticks, although unpleasant for humans, does not pose a significant danger. In only a small number of people, bites can cause severe allergic reactions. Those types of ticks, whose bites are extremely painful and allergenic, are not very common in Russia.
The most dangerous are infections, the pathogens of which develop in the organisms of ticks and can be transmitted to humans through a bite. Of these infections, two are the most significant:
- Tick-borne encephalitis;
- Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease).
Both of them can lead to the death or disability of an infected and ill person if he is not provided with medical assistance in a timely manner.
In addition to these diseases, ixodid ticks also carry anaplasmosis, Marseilles fever, tularemia and some other diseases.
Tick-borne encephalitis is considered the most dangerous of the tick-borne diseases. This disease is quite difficult to treat, while due to brain damage, irreversible neurological and mental disorders, and in the most severe cases- the death of a sick person.
On a note
In Russia, Ukraine and Belarus, the main types of tick-borne encephalitis vectors are:
- Dog tick (Ixodes ricinus), common in the European part of Russia, Ukraine and Western Europe;
- The taiga tick (Ixodes persulcatus), which lives in Siberia and Far East.
The carriage of the virus has also been registered in some other species of ixodid ticks, but their epidemiological significance is much lower.
Canine and taiga ticks outwardly very similar, and only a specialist can identify the differences between them.
For example, the photo below shows a dog tick:
And here is the taiga tick:
Moreover, in natural conditions It is difficult for a non-specialist to distinguish tick species that carry encephalitis from species that do not carry the virus. Therefore, it is generally accepted that any forest tick can potentially infect a person when bitten, and the ixodid ticks themselves are often called encephalitic in everyday life, which is not entirely correct.
Where do ticks live and how do they bite?
On a note
Also, ticks can move to a person from domestic animals (for example, when milking cows) and attack from branches. low shrubs, however, this rarely happens.
The tick sucks blood for a long time - from several hours if it is a small immature individual (nymph), up to 3-4 days if it is an adult individual (imago). Females feed especially for a long time, they need a large amount of food for the development of eggs. Digestive system and the body of the tick is adapted to receive a large amount of blood, and therefore, during feeding, the size of the arthropod can increase several times, and the weight - hundreds of times.
The eggs hatch into larvae, which attack mainly rodents and insectivorous mammals, and after saturation they molt into nymphs. Nymphs feed on hares, dogs, cats, hedgehogs, less often on ungulates and humans, then molt and turn into adults. At this stage, after saturation, males often mate with females directly on the body of the host, and fertilized females repeat the reproductive cycle.
The photo shows a mouse with several mites embedded in its skin:
It is adult ticks that most often attack humans. However, any individual at any stage of development can be infected with tick-borne encephalitis virus.
To move to a new stage life cycle, as well as for reproduction, each individual must necessarily drink blood once.
In the largest numbers, ticks inhabit meadows, vast forest glades, river valleys, pastures, including mountain pastures. Nevertheless, they are very numerous in parks (including within the big cities), on summer cottages and in gardens, in forest belts. The higher the grass in one place or another and the less often the soil is plowed there, the more favorable the conditions for the life of ticks here.
In Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Belarus, peak activity of ticks and largest number their bites are recorded in May, June and July. In the southern regions, pocus can be observed already from the end of March, and in the northern regions they are recorded until August.
Where and when can you get tick-borne encephalitis?
- In the park, in the wastelands between the houses;
- In the garden, in the garden, on the plot;
- In the forest or on the river bank;
- In a meadow, pasture during a hike or picnic;
- In a mountain valley (for example, in Altai or in the Sayan Mountains).
The main conditions for the existence and activity of ticks are the presence of grass in which they hide and from which they attack people, as well as various shelters on the ground - leaves, pieces of wood, stones, just cracks. The higher the grass in one place or another and the more shelters on the ground, the more ticks there are, as a rule, and the higher the likelihood of their attacks.
Also, the likelihood of bites is higher in the wild, where a large number of different tick hosts (rodents, insectivores and ungulates) live.
The tick-borne encephalitis virus does not pose a threat to the tick and does not kill it. Therefore, being infected at any stage of its life cycle, a tick can pose a danger to humans for the rest of its life.
Reminder for parents
Tick-borne encephalitis can be contracted not only by a tick bite, but also by drinking fresh milk. Goats get encephalitis from ticks, and the virus particles spread throughout their bodies and enter their milk. The use of such milk in food without heat treatment can cause infection. Cows, unlike goats, do not suffer from encephalitis, but the virus can also enter their milk from biting ticks.
Geography of distribution of tick-borne encephalitis: the most dangerous regions
Tick-borne encephalitis has been registered in middle lane Eurasia and some states of Australia.
The area of distribution of the disease in Eurasia runs in a narrow strip from the North Sea in the west to the Sea of Okhotsk in the east. Its foci and individual cases of infection are known in the Netherlands, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Poland, the Czech Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Yugoslavia. The disease is widespread throughout Ukraine and Belarus, but in Ukraine more or less constant outbreaks are recorded only in Transcarpathia.
In Russia, the disease is recorded throughout the European part south of Karelia, in the Urals and in southern Siberia. The band of distribution of tick-borne encephalitis stretches across the country and reaches the Far East, capturing the northern regions of Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China. Isolated cases of infection were noted in Kyrgyzstan.
Of the regions of Russia, the most severe epidemiological situation is noted in the Sverdlovsk, Tomsk, Irkutsk and Omsk regions, the republics of Khakassia, Tuva and Buryatia, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The largest number of cases of bites and infections transmitted by ixodid ticks is recorded here. At the same time, in the Far East, the maximum level of lethality of the disease is noted with an overall lower infection rate.
What to do after a tick bite?
If a tick is found on the skin, it should be removed as soon as possible. If he has not yet stuck, then just shake it off, and if he has already stuck, then you need to remove it from the skin. This can be done in several ways:
After removing the tick, the wound must be treated with any antiseptic: alcohol solution of iodine, hydrogen peroxide, medical alcohol.
On a note
Laboratories in which relevant studies are carried out operate at sanitary and epidemiological stations, hospitals and clinics in all major cities. The address of the nearest point where you can take a tick for analysis can be found by calling the department of Rospotrebnadzor in a particular area.
Measures of specific prevention are effective only during the first 4 days after the bite, but in best case the victim needs to enter immunoglobulin in the first two days.
If it is not possible to deliver the bitten person to a hospital or clinic, it is necessary to remember exactly (or rather write down) the date of the bite. In the future, when the first signs of the disease appear, the victim should be taken to a medical facility as soon as possible, and the doctor should be informed of the date of the bite. This will help you get the most effective measures treatment.
Emergency prophylaxis of Lyme borreliosis is not required, since this disease is relatively easy to treat, and when the first symptoms appear, it is quickly treated.
Signs of infection with tick-borne encephalitis and other tick-borne infections
After a tick bite, it is necessary to carefully monitor the condition of the bitten person for at least a month, and if he shows signs of tick-borne infections, promptly deliver him to the hospital.
The incubation period of tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme borreliosis lasts 7-14 days, but in Lyme disease it can be much longer in some cases - up to a year or more.
The main symptoms of tick-borne encephalitis:
- Typical fever with fever, malaise, nausea, pain in the head and muscles;
- Violation of coordination of movements;
- Fainting, dizziness;
- Neck stiffness.
Similar symptoms develop in Lyme disease, but the most unambiguous sign of it is the so-called migrating erythema: a large red spot at the site of the bite, surrounded by a distinctly separated ring. At the site of erythema, many patients experience pain, itching, or burning.
Also, with Lyme disease, allergic reactions are pronounced: a rash on the skin, a flu-like syndrome.
Any of these signs are highly likely to indicate the onset of the disease. The sooner treatment is started, the higher the chance of a successful outcome.
Treatment in case of infection
Treatment of tick-borne encephalitis is a significant difficulty due to the lack of funds that allow you to quickly eliminate the viral infection in the body. In medical practice, immunoglobulin preparations are used, but at the stage of acute manifestation of symptoms, these drugs are already ineffective.
High doses of interferons used for intravenous infusions can have a positive effect, but do not guarantee the destruction of the pathogen, but only provide some protection for cells that have not yet been affected. For this reason, even in a clinical setting, the probability of curing the disease is not absolute.
The later and the more severe the patient is delivered to the clinic, the higher the likelihood of developing irreversible mental disorders and death.
Treatment of tick-borne encephalitis involves strict bed rest with limited motor activity, parallel symptomatic therapy to normalize the patient's condition, and taking antihistamines in case of allergy.
Lyme disease is also treated in a hospital, but with antibiotics. Its causative agent is sensitive to tetracyclines, penicillins, cephalosporins, so the doctor's choice is quite wide. If there is a risk of complications in the joints, heart or nervous system, long courses of bicillins are carried out.
Lyme disease can become chronic with ineffective treatment. In this case, the disease is often complicated by arthritis, osteoporosis and other joint disorders.
Ways to prevent tick bites and infection with tick-borne encephalitis
Competent behavior in nature and compliance simple rules allow you to reliably protect yourself from tick bites.
In particular, in the second half of spring and in the first half of summer, after being out in nature, especially in places with uncut grass, it is necessary to conduct a mutual examination of the body. Adults examine children, and then each other, Special attention given to the legs, back, buttocks, groin, armpits, scalp borders, and behind the ears. When detected, ticks are shaken off or removed from the skin.
Such inspections are preferably carried out every 1-2 hours. In this case, ticks can be detected immediately after they hit the body, even before suction.
In places where signs “Attention, ticks!”, Or similar, are installed, it is better not to walk unnecessarily, and after a walk it is necessary to inspect the body.
Directly in nature, you should stay away from tall grass and shrubs.
In the most epidemiological dangerous regions it is advisable to make an anti-encephalitis vaccination, which will provide reliable protection from the disease even with the bite.
Prevention measures also include informing the population about the rules of behavior in nature and the prevention of tick bites. For this purpose it is useful:
- Conduct cool watch and conversations in schools on the topic correct behavior schoolchildren in nature;
- Consult parents in preschools and schools about precautions to protect against tick-borne encephalitis;
- Produce noticeable and attention-grabbing sanitary bulletins, stands, posters, leaflets, booklets, folders with drawings and photographs that are hung or distributed in clinics, hospitals, schools and kindergartens, at the entrances of houses;
- Conduct briefings for educators in kindergartens and teachers in schools resting in various sanatoriums, prepare orders in advance for such briefings;
- At the beginning of the tick season, or before it, issue advisory articles in newspapers and reports on local television channels with warnings about the dangers of bites and recommendations on how to avoid them;
- Make notifications in schools about the need for vaccination of students and their parents in epidemiologically dangerous regions;
- Involve students in educational work - develop information stands and make warning signs, conduct thematic biology lessons with a demonstration of live ticks.
The picture below shows a variant of the information stand on the topic of tick-borne encephalitis:
Be careful in nature, beware of ticks and help protect your loved ones from them!
Useful video about the danger of ticks for humans
This presentation contains a variety of information on the topic, adapted for students primary school. The material can be used both in the lessons of life safety, and in the lessons of the surrounding world and thematic classroom hours
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Where do they live? Most often, ticks bite a person in the forest - where they live. A tick can crawl on you from grass or bushes, but not jump from a tree, because ticks cannot jump. Usually they do not rise above 1.5 m above the ground. The paws of insects are very tenacious, and the arachnids themselves are very small, so you won't even feel that someone is crawling over your body. They love places where cattle graze, various clearings and deaf places. In heat or rain, ticks hide and do not attack. The tick is most dangerous in May - June, and by autumn this danger practically disappears. Ticks are most active in the morning and evening, they like shaded areas. wet places. In bright places they usually do not happen.
Watch out, mites! The tick attacks various animals and humans. Once on the feet of the victim, the tick crawls up to find a place convenient for suction.
Important! When walking in dangerous areas (parks, forests, fields): 1. Wear a hat, 2. Clothes should fit close to the body, pants should be tucked into shoes. It is better that the clothes are light and plain, as ticks are more visible on it; 3. Inspect clothing every 10 minutes; 3. Do not sit or lie down on the grass.
Watch out, mites! Unlike mosquitoes, which, after sucking blood, immediately fly away, ticks stick for three to four days. From drunk blood, ticks swell greatly, increasing in size by three to four times, and only then fall off.
Phone 03. -Seek help from adult relatives (they won't scold!) Children! Do not try to remove the tick yourself, as you can rip it apart and leave a piece of the tick in your body. Even part of a tick can lead to disease. What should I do if bitten by a tick?
In no case do not pull the tick - it has already grabbed your flesh with its front paws, and if you pull hard, you will tear off its head, and it will remain in the skin along with the sting. Then you have to pick out the head with a needle, previously calcined in the flame of a lighter, like a splinter.
Watch out, mites! If the tick is not removed in the hospital!!! Put the tick in a jar, close the lid. Take it to the local SES laboratory to find out if the tick is infected with encephalitis or not. For an accurate and quick examination, the tick must be delivered alive! Encephalitis is the worst tick-borne disease. If you are lucky, you will get off with a fright, and if not, paralysis of both hands, complete blindness or deafness is possible. Keep in mind that these consequences are irreversible, unless, of course, some kind of universal treatment method is invented in the near future. But so far he's gone. In some cases, encephalitis leads to death.
Signs of tick-borne encephalitis If, after a bite, you have: A red spot has formed at the site of the bite wound The temperature has risen There are aching muscles and joints You have become afraid of light A rash has appeared on the body See a doctor immediately!
Don't be afraid to get vaccinated! People living in rural areas need to be vaccinated against the most common disease that ticks spread - encephalitis. Vaccination is the most effective means of protection. They do it in February - March, so that the body acquires immunity.
Other tick-borne infections There are other infections that are transmitted by ticks: Lyme disease (borreliosis) The worst thing is that there is no vaccination against borreliosis. Tick-borne typhus Ehrlichiosis Hemorrhagic fevers The infection is transmitted to a person directly during a bite, along with saliva injected into the body. Of course, there are also so-called “clean” ticks, in whose saliva there are no infections, but there is no guarantee that the tick that bit you is not a carrier of the disease.
Remember! The most important thing is to try to prevent ticks from being sucked. It is important to remember that the tick sticks tightly 1-1.5 hours after it hits the body. When walking through the forest, do not pluck branches or deliberately pull them back. With this action, you shake off the largest number of ticks on yourself and on the person passing behind. After a walk, be sure to carefully examine yourself, because the bite of a tick, especially a male, may not be felt or confused with a mosquito.
Follow the precautionary rules, and then the rest will be safe and give you only good mood! ,
It became not scary, not ashamed and not sad to grow out of something. Or outgrow. As it is, so it is. As it will be, so it will be. This is especially true for the legs. Only children really have nothing to wear on them. Once - and immediately there is nothing. And then you urgently have to run for new shoes right through the April puddles, right in heavy winter boots - they again held out. And right in the store to ask to cut off the label. And at the same time buy sneakers, not believing and somewhere even horrified by their new size.
Buy sneakers with fashionable light bulbs on the soles. To dream that someday we will walk in the warm darkness and not get lost for anything. Among the many fashionable light bulbs, I always recognize my native legs, which still grow and grow, fly and fly...
This is no longer a threat to my legs, and therefore it is not scary. You can safely turn in your hands some flowered sandals from a box signed with a marker that has long dried up. Sandals with heels from a hundred centimeters - is it really true that I walked like that in the summer a hundred years ago? And maybe I'll go? It is good to have legs that are no longer afraid of anything. All in the world knowing, wise feet.
It's good to have yourself not sad and not ashamed that the only favorite jeans in the world are no longer mine, not on me, no matter how hard you try to squeeze into them in the summer on the eve of the eighth grade. Between yesterday and today lie vast distances of time. But not now. What do I now have some favorite jeans? All the stores are now packed full of loved ones.
Sunday, May 12, 2019
Of all the perforated bakeries, drying is the driest of all, which confirms its speaking name. Bagels are slightly larger and slightly softer, similar to a ram's horn closed on itself, to a large curl of the rune of a ram-winner and producer, an honored participant in the exhibition of achievements National economy. It’s even a pity to cut such a thing: what if this is not the limit yet?
Bundles of dryers and bagels hung pleasantly and attractively on the necks of peddlers and on the pot-bellied samovars of the Moscow merchants. They drank tea in the morning, drank in the afternoon, drank in the evening. The samovars were losing weight, the dry bagel beads were falling apart, they were dipping them in boiling water, they were taking care of old Moscow teeth. They took care of the leisurely, fat life, the merchant Kustodieva, her cat and her radiant neckline.
They drank tea to the point of complete exhaustion, nullified sorrows and hardships with dryers and bagels. They didn’t count them, didn’t share them, like the little girl Zhenya from the fairy tale “Flower-Semitsvetik”: two bagels with cumin for dad, two bagels with poppy seeds for mom, two bagels with sugar for herself and one small pink one for brother Pavlik. What kind of pink is this, do they exist? And why is it small and only one?
Of course, in childhood, most of all I wanted a pink bagel, and not some kind of incomprehensible caraway. But pink bagels, like seven-colored flowers, were found at that time only in Moscow.
Wednesday, May 8, 2019
They say: "Do not confuse God's gift with scrambled eggs." Do not mix rare, valuable (talent) and primitive, for an instant hand, breakfast in one bowl. Throw more sausages there in circles - for the complete triumph of cholesterol. Or is it no longer so bad? What do scientists say this time?
It’s good that we didn’t know anything about cholesterol plaques and all sorts of other terribly funny words. As a child, I always asked my parents that the yolks remain semi-liquid, so that you can dip bread in them, it tastes better. And the parents most often fulfilled my request, but sometimes overexposure. And then the eyes of breakfast came out hard, flat and motionless. Indifferent eyes. I was disappointed. If breakfast is so primitive, then why is there such deep childish feelings in the heart because of it?
In the second grade, I was already quite able to fry the scrambled eggs myself, the way I needed. No gift from God was required for this, only the frying pan was too lazy to scrape off later. Do you remember what pans were? Some even have a crooked bottom - as if they started bending a part at a defense plant, and then they abandoned it, they didn’t bend it. And then they decided that nothing should be wasted on the farm, even if it was utensils, or something ...
The handle of such a frying pan became hot, instantly turning the utensil into an instrument of torture. And there, at the factory, not a single bright mind, not a single gift of God guessed to make it over a metal handle plastic pad- in order not to hiss, burning yourself, not to scribble a potholder as a gift on a typewriter, not to follow the wise advice from a tear-off calendar: wrap the kettle handle with insulating tape - but simply, conveniently and freely fry your scrambled eggs.
Monday, May 6, 2019
Once, my classmates and I were playing rubber bands in the school yard. They jumped wildly. Most likely, it was an empty lesson, otherwise we would have gone to our yard. What to do at large in the school yard? Although we had a real - fenced beautiful stone fence, cozy, with poplars. Like it's old.
And so we jumped. It was already May after all the holidays, and our legs were light. And boots were forgotten, and special ones stood idle metal scrapers at the back door - to clean off the abundant spring dirt from the soles. And our bodies were light, in only one brown uniform; under the wind, which ruffles the ends of the pioneer tie in different directions, throws them right in the face. And we, like birds, take off, we do not belong to any rules, except for those that we have appointed ourselves.
It is impossible to explain to someone who grew up in a warm climate what it means: in one form, in May. In May! We go without outerwear only in the summer, and then not always. But in May, when you have not yet been released anywhere, and you are already without a jacket, this is almost a violation of natural law. And some kind of head is made different, light. When you calmly walk past the locker room, and you have absolutely nothing to leave there. And it doesn't fit in light head, nothing fits except bouncing.
And so we jumped. One of the figures was called "birch". And the next one is more difficult level- "birch with leaves". And the birch-trees at that time already began to blossom with might and main - sharply, rapidly, before our eyes, as if they were stunned. As always in our area.
They were covered with leaves - small, sticky, very fragrant and bright. Yes, fragrant and bright - both are especially acute after an endless winter. After a recent snowfall, outerwear and dirty boots.
Friday, May 3, 2019
Funny word - soap. If you listen carefully to it. Funny even.
It's fun to receive as a gift from a long trip an old soap for ladies and gentlemen, which smells so fragrant through the cover that it's like I'm back in a museum about the life of St. Petersburg in the early twentieth century. I stand and read yellowed advice from a fashion magazine on the wall - for beauties who want to be in trend: you should wash your hair no more than once a month ...
Those ladies and gentlemen had life-giving soap, unshakable and mysterious, like their photographs on thick cardboard, like their elusive and unearthly faces - now gentle, kept by hats and veils, now mustachioed and self-confident.
What kind of wizards were the Krestovnikov brothers? Did you try to make it fragrant to the very soapy heart, without deceit, like a merchant's word? Or as it is now: on the cover there is a solid ladyship and domination, and you wash your hands once - and there is nothing. Boring, slippery, gray and damp; not perfume at all.
One of the most scary stories, told in the pioneer camp after lights out, was not about the Black Sheet and the coffin on wheels, but about how one boy brushed his teeth with soap. Out of curiosity, or for the reason that neither Cheburashka pasta nor mint chalk in a round cardboard box called "Tooth Powder"? No one now knows and no one will tell.
Sunday, April 28, 2019
This season's theme is "Pure Dor". In our country, it is read no less than "Vasya Kurolesov" and "Nedopeska". The drawing in which the hero of the story " purple bird"threatening with a log of a painted uncle chicken fluttered onto a birch tree, received great approval from the artistic older sister.
- Composition! Evelyn said significantly. - This is a good composition. The stripes on the vest harmoniously echo the birch. And Yuri Koval something similar. That's exactly like it!
And it really does look like it. And a cap ... Those who have not read logs have to explain, but Koval is similar. I didn't doubt the chicken. Igoryan's faces always turned out to be alive. But he did not know anything about the composition, it just happened.
Sent. There were many entries for the competition. It is very good that children read and love Yury Koval. This is the real salvation of the world. And it was very nice to know that Igoryan's drawing with a rhyming birch and a vest made it to the final. And the works of the winners will be illustrated by a real book - a real "Clean Dor". It would absolutely be complete miracle. But miracles do happen in life.
And I was the most ordinary child in literature, I did not like about forest people. I loved adventures, fairy tales like "Carlson" and about my peers at all times. Descriptions of nature, which so develop hearing, taste and style, missed; I didn't think it would ever come in handy.
I cannot say that Rispalna read aloud in some special, expressive voice. And I do not believe that she never once interrupted her reading in order to rein in the unruly Vadim Tarabarov from the last desk. Yes, I'm sure that she constantly pulled Tarabarov, who by April had completely become insolent and stunned, and a stake on his head, even in his diary, is the same result. And we were all glad when one day he went to another school...
Good day and good health to all! Tatyana Sukhikh is in touch and a "fresh portion", I hope, useful information for you. I think that we all, like the unforgettable Alexander Sergeevich, would love summer, if it were not for mosquitoes and flies. But there is another danger that has been waiting for us since May. So, carefully ticks memo for parents - let's talk about how to relax in nature without unpleasant consequences.
I don't know why in last decade so this tick became more active, which is not terrible with a bite, but with the possibility of contracting extremely dangerous diseases for humans. I think some experiments are being carried out on you and me: either incredible types of flu appear, or some other disgusting thing. Before, believe me, as a resident of the Siberian region rich in flora and fauna, no one was particularly afraid of ticks, since there were no cases of infection.
And now spring has come and agitation has begun about ways to protect against small reptiles. What do you think happened to our planet?
Because the kids preschool age, I hope that they themselves do not walk in the forest and in the plantings, but only accompanied by adults, then an introductory conversation “Caution! Ticks! In particular, I tell children's information about these insects, where they live, what is dangerous.
Children just need to know that if, after a walk in the forest or park, they have an itch in their head, behind the ear, in the armpit, then they definitely need to tell their mother about it.
In no case do not tear off the tick yourself, only an adult should help remove the bloodsucker.
We deal the main informational “blow” to moms and dads, making out folders for parents, thematic stands, a sanbulletin of IP. The main thing you need to know is how to minimize the possibility of meeting a tick and what to do if he managed to stick to the skin.
On sale you can buy a ready-made colorful poster or a whole booklet with texts and pictures about the "bloodsuckers". Perfect for a stand purchased materials, and you don't have to worry. But if you want to do something unusual for a group or a school class, you need to involve children and parents in the process of creating an information corner.
How to make the most interesting tick stand?
What is the goal we pursue by drawing up visual materials for the population about some problem? It is clear that we want to comprehensively highlight the problem and put useful knowledge and a desire to protect ourselves from something in the subcortex of a person. this case- from a small but terrible tick.
It is necessary to attract the attention of a person so that the pictures motivate to read the text. All those hackneyed, tinged with nostalgia for the Soviet past safety posters “Beware of ticks!” I don't think anyone is interested. Personally, I would like such a memo that would be modern, attractive and memorable.
Since I am the educator kindergarten, then I think I'll start by looking for materials for an educational stand on the topic of ticks in my preschool environment.
The best creative way to design a large poster for a preschool educational institution is to present the theme of the danger of insects for children, which will logically end with the children creating a general drawing or making an application, crafts.
We will make a big project about the dangers of the spring-summer period, including ticks. It is better if it is a long-term project, for several lessons. The first thing I will plan is a conversation with preschoolers that summer is not only a time for rest, but also a danger posed by various natural factors. During the implementation of such projects, it is mandatory research preschoolers.
I wrote earlier about preschool projects, remember? So, for a successful start of the project, children will need information about what kind of dangers come from the outside world. It is clear that the guys will find among the threats and ticks.
Then together we will think about how to protect ourselves from these dangerous bloodsuckers. Based on the results of our study, we will write instructions for children on how to behave in nature so as not to become the “prey” of a tick. I am sure that such activities are most effective for acquiring important knowledge about the world around us and its threats.
It is clear that I will capture all the steps within the project on a photo, we will need them for the future stand, which will be the result of the project. Photos of children are sure to attract the attention of parents, and they will read the accompanying text, which is what I want to achieve.
We continue to work on the information stand
Having issued a memo on precautionary measures, which we will make together with the children, the next step is to collect children's drawings for the stand "Beware of ticks!" Before the lesson on thematic drawing or appliqué, the children will have enough knowledge about ticks, so they will draw good drawings, I'm sure.
For clarity, you can draw a poster with the image of ticks, plot pictures about how to protect against them, that is, to give children additional inspiration. Children's drawings are a window to the world, children comprehend life through drawing. Therefore, in order to consolidate the information received, it is imperative that the kids depict what they learned about.
Here we have a memo, drawings and photographs. Next - the presentation of the result of our activities to the parents and, in fact, the design of the stand.
The text part needs to be in plain language so that parents receive material for home conversations with their children, before and during walks in the habitats of ticks.
Ideally, after the completion of the project, the kids know about ticks as much as their parents, but without extra information, Certainly. Why should they memorize how many varieties of this class of insects exist, and what is the correct name for diseases from a tick bite?
The guys must learn and fix in their minds that this insect is tiny, that it is found in forests, plantings, especially loves shady areas and tall grass. When he bites, you almost don’t feel it, because he, the cunning one, injects a special anesthetic substance.
He drinks blood for a long time, when he gets on the skin of a person, then he looks for a place more comfortable, where the skin is thin. For some reason, they like to drink blood on the head, behind the ears, under the armpit, on the neck. To protect yourself from a tick, it is better to choose a sunny place for rest in a forest or in a field, where there is less tall grass. Ticks don't like the sun. Periodically, you need to inspect each other for a tick. But let's not scare the kids. It is our task to save them, and they must clearly know for the future that there are such ticks and why they are dangerous.
Information for consideration...
As part of the project on the dangers of the spring-summer period, a consultation is necessarily held for moms and dads on this topic. I will talk about the types of ticks, where they live, how to dress better in the forest, and most importantly, what to do if the tick still sticks to human skin.
When a bloodsucker is discovered, already clearly distinguishable, since he managed to drink blood, it is important not to panic and not do stupid things. It cannot be torn off, while particles of an insect may remain in the skin, and if it is infected, then a person will become infected. If you remove the bastard correctly, then the likelihood of disease is minimal.
How to remove: best of all with a thread, you can always somehow pull it out of your clothes. We make a loop and put it on the tick, pull it up a little and carefully pull it out. If you have tweezers - great, grab the “animal” with it and twist it around its axis and twist it out of the skin.
The most reasonable thing is to stock up on a walk with thread, tweezers and iodine to lubricate the bite after removing the tick. By the way, there is a special device for removing an insect, I don’t remember the name, but you can find it on the Internet. It looks like a fork, we put a tick between the teeth and twist it.
A rather controversial way to remove - using sunflower oil. Say, pour on a tick, he suffocates and releases his grip. But doctors are against this method.
It also helps to protect the aerosol from ticks, which is also commercially available. And even better, if your area is “tick-hazardous” and you have to work in plantings and forests by occupation, or you are a fan of tourism, then get vaccinated. You sometimes look in your local newspaper and know how often there are cases of infection from a tick in your area. So think about whether there is a point in vaccination or the usual precautions will do.
So, like we talked about ticks. Time to say good-bye! Subscribe, share, well, you know, right?
Sincerely, Tatyana Sukhikh! Till tomorrow!
Tick-borne encephalitis- natural focal viral infection characterized by fever, intoxication and damage to the gray matter of the brain (encephalitis) and / or membranes of the brain and spinal cord (meningitis and meningoencephalitis).
Your personal protection against tick-borne encephalitis
Knowledge of the disease and vector.
Protected by clothing and chemicals.
Reasonable behavior in the forest, garden, park.
What to do if you find a tick.
Preventive vaccinations.
What you need to know about tick-borne encephalitis
Tick-borne encephalitis is a natural focal viral disease predominantly affecting the central nervous system, often ending in intractable paralysis, sometimes death.
Carriers and reservoirs of tick-borne encephalitis virus in nature are ixodid ticks.
Our area is a natural focus of this infection.
About ticks
- In our area, ticks are everywhere where there is grass and shrubs: in forests, gardens, parks, on the lawns of the streets.
- Ticks are most active in spring and summer, but tick attacks and infection with tick-borne encephalitis are also possible in autumn.
- Ticks lie in wait for prey, hiding in the grass, on the branches of a bush at the side of the road, trail.
- The tick always crawls up! Having clung to clothing, the tick crawls under it and sticks to the body, choosing places where the skin is thin and blood vessels are close - behind the ears, on the neck, under the armpits, etc.
- At the time of the bite, the tick injects an anesthetic into the wound, so a person often does not notice the bite.
How to protect yourself with clothes
When going to the forest, garden, fishing, hiking, picking mushrooms and berries, dress properly:
- Regardless of gender and age, it is necessary to wear trousers, tucking them into socks, boots, boots, and a shirt into trousers. Remember? The tick always crawls up! It is impossible to be in the forest in a skirt!
- The collar and sleeves of the shirt at the wrist should fit snugly against the body.
- It is necessary to protect the head with a scarf, beret, cap or hood.
- Reliably protects against ticks suction by a special anti-tick suit made of thin impregnated tarpaulin fabric.
- Treat the belt of trousers, the edges of socks, collar, sleeves, hood with Pretix. Upon contact with this substance, ticks die.
How to behave in the forest and when returning home
- For recreation in the forest, choose open dry glades. Clear them of deadwood and thickets undersized shrub. If this place will be used for several days or throughout the season, treat your clearing with special preparations (karbofos).
- As often as possible, at least after 2 hours, perform self- and mutual examinations of outer clothing and exposed parts of the body.
- When returning from the forest, garden, park, remove all clothing and carefully examine it and the body. Children should only be seen by adults!
- Carefully check the flowers and herbs brought home. With them you can bring ticks, which then attack a person and can infect with tick-borne encephalitis and those who do not go to the forest.
- Remember the animals, if you took with you. Be sure to check them out!
How to remove a tick
- Lubricate the tick with any fat to deprive him of his breath.
- Using a loop of strong thread, gently swinging, remove the tick.
- Lubricate the wound with iodine.
- Wash your hands with soap.
- Burn the tick if you do not plan to send it for research. In this case, place it in a glass bottle with a secure lid.
It is impossible to take a tick with unprotected hands, let alone crush it!
Medical assistance related to the removal of a tick, the treatment of a wound, as well as the introduction of anti-tick immunoglobulin, can be obtained at the polyclinic at the place of residence, and in the evening, at night, on weekends and holidays- to the emergency room.
You can independently apply for examination for tick-borne infections - Irkutsk, st. Karl Marx, 3; Irkutsk, st. Trilissera, 51.
All patients bitten by ticks are under medical observation.
within 30 days:
- temperature is measured;
- well-being is controlled.
- limit physical activity;
- avoid overheating or hypothermia;
- exclude the use of alcoholic beverages.
How to protect yourself with a vaccine
For vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis, you must contact the clinic at the place of residence.
Primary main (standard) vaccination consists of two vaccinations, carried out with an interval of 2 - 3 months. It is usually carried out in the autumn-winter season, no later than 14 days before the start of the tick activity period.
If necessary, rapid (emergency) vaccination can also be carried out, even in spring and summer. In this case, the second vaccination is done 14 days after the first.
Vaccinate only after consulting a doctor!
P.S. Remember: you can get tick-borne encephalitis by drinking raw goat's milk!
