Mixing concrete mortar in a concrete mixer
When performing construction and repair work often requires the preparation of a solution. To facilitate this operation, concrete mixers are used. The principle of operation of a concrete mixer is simple: a certain amount of water is poured into the device, sand, cement, gravel or other fillers are poured. When the unit is turned on, the blades inside the drum thoroughly mix all the components for a few minutes until an absolutely homogeneous mass. It remains to deliver the solution to the place of its use.
The use of a concrete mixer greatly facilitates the preparation process
To prepare the mortar, gravity-type concrete mixers and coercive principle actions.
A feature of the gravity-type concrete mixer is a movable drum with special blades on the walls.
In the first case, the mixing of the mixture occurs inside the rotating drum with blades. Such units are easy to transport, they are easily assembled and disassembled in a few minutes. The cost of installation varies from 4500 rubles and above.
The forced action agitator has a fixed drum. Rotating paddles inside the drum mix the ingredients. Such installations work more efficiently than gravitational ones. With their help, you can prepare a thick and dense solution with a minimum amount of liquid. But they cost 10 times more. It makes sense to purchase such units for your own use if you need to perform large amounts of work using the solution. For example, for the manufacture of concrete paving slabs at home.
The main advantage of forced concrete mixers is high quality mixing the mixture.
Working with a concrete mixer of any type allows you to prepare a mortar for the construction of brick and block walls, for plaster and concrete screed various surfaces.
Available in hardware stores big choice concrete mixers for private use. All of them are gravity type. They are driven by a gear rim from an electric motor or a belt drive. The power consumption of the motor is about 700 W. This is 3 times less than the power of an electric kettle. Drum capacity is about 160 liters. This is enough to cook 100 liters. There are mixers with a drum with a capacity of 60 to 240 liters.
Beginning of work
When working with a mixer, you must follow some rules, follow the recommendations of equipment manufacturers. It is not recommended to change the angle of inclination of the working drum. By changing the angle of the drum, you can slightly increase the amount of solution in each batch, but this will lead to poor quality and lower uniformity, to an additional load on the engine and rotation transmission mechanisms.
The agitator must be properly positioned on a level surface before operation. Working blades are wiped with machine oil or technical grease.
Cooking
Before starting the mixing of the concrete mixture in the mixer, it is necessary to prepare the components in the required volume.
The preparation of concrete in a concrete mixer begins with the preparation of the required amount of cement, sand, crushed stone or expanded clay of the desired fraction. All ingredients must be pure, without clay additives. Subject to these simple conditions you can get high quality concrete. Cement and sand are mixed in a dry state (you can do this in another container). After crushed stone falls asleep. Water is added last. After loading the ingredients into a working drum, after 3 minutes, you can check the quality of the concrete: a small amount of it is laid out on a smooth horizontal surface and several “ribs” are made with the back of the shovel. If they keep their shape, the solution is mixed correctly.
For high-quality mixing, it is necessary to change the working blades in a timely manner if they break or deform.
You can often hear: "I clean the drum with a shovel." How to clean the concrete mixer correctly? With repeated use of the technique, the drum is periodically washed with a stream of water from a hose or from a bucket. When washing, gravel can be added to the water: it absorbs the remains. The solution cannot be left in the working drum, since after hardening it will be very difficult to remove it. When trying to knock out dried pieces of concrete from the drum, you can damage the mixer mechanism and deform its shaft.
After use, the drum of the concrete mixer must be washed with a jet of water from a hose.
All solutions are prepared on the basis of cement, sand and water. Depending on their purpose, gravel, expanded clay, additives and plasticizers, pigment dyes are added to the composition. To obtain lightweight concrete, granulated polystyrene foam is added to the composition. This additive helps to increase the thermal insulation of concrete. In order to properly lay the floor on it, it is necessary to make a screed with reinforced concrete 4 cm thick.
The frost-resistant additive allows the use of the ready-made solution at low temperatures.
Epoxy additives are used to increase the plasticity, water resistance and hardness of concrete.
Depending on the purpose, concrete is added different kinds additives.
There are water-repellent and waterproofing additives. They are used in mortars in the construction of swimming pools, other reservoirs for liquids, underground parts of foundations.
Appropriate accelerators and retarders are used to slow down or accelerate the setting of concrete.
If you add special dyes to the solution, you can get brighter seams when laying bricks or blocks.
Plasticizers saturate the solution with many air bubbles and make it more convenient to use.
For the construction of the foundation, for screeding floor surfaces, for casting all kinds of beams and slabs, knead concrete mix. Before it is poured into concrete, metal reinforcement in the form of rods and meshes is added. The result is reinforced concrete.
Practice shows that when working with a mixer, it is better to take cement grades M400 or M500. A bucket of cement consumes 3 buckets of sand. For cement M500, you can take 4 buckets.
There are 2 ways of loading components: 1) water-sand-cement-sand; 2) cement-sand-crushed stone-water.
How to mix the solution correctly? There is such a method of mixing. Water is poured into the concrete mixer, and the unit is put into operation. 2 buckets of sand and a bucket of cement are poured into the drum. The last bucket of sand comes after the cement. After 5 minutes, the solution is ready. If it is too thick, add a little water. The mixer then works for another 3-4 minutes.
The mortar for laying bricks and foam blocks is prepared somewhat differently. All blades are removed from the drum. Sand is poured, cement is added in small portions, then water (everything is done with a rotating drum). The solution sticks to the walls, so it must be periodically removed with a small spatula. After obtaining a homogeneous mass, the mixer is switched off. The solution is correct. In addition to cement, sand and water, lime and plasticizers can be added to the mixture.
When working with large volumes of concrete the best option it may turn out to be delivered by a special concrete truck. It is also called a concrete mixer, concrete mixer. Outwardly, it looks like a large barrel, standing on a car frame with a slight slope. During the movement of the car, the barrel rotates around its axis, so the solution in it is constantly mixed. Such a concrete mixer is capable of delivering at once to construction site up to 10 cubic meters.
http://youtu.be/SnAbUMtmpGs
The composition and quality of the solution depends on its purpose. A good batch has the consistency of a fairly thick dough. It should not have lumps. If posted on flat surface, then the mass should be slightly blurry, but not spread. A freshly prepared solution must be used up within one or one and a half hours. Some builders fill the unused solution overnight with a small amount of water and cover it with a film, and mix again in the morning. This should not be done, since the quality of the solution after repeated mixing will be very low.
http://youtu.be/Jgh-7tV_y-8
Delivery
For delivery ready solution in place construction works it is best to use polymer buckets.
Preparing the solution is the beginning of the work. It still needs to be delivered to the place of use. IN living conditions for this purpose, ordinary buckets are most often used. It is not recommended to use galvanized ones: their handles quickly become unusable. Such buckets are very poorly washed, the solution on their walls accumulates more and more each time. It is better to use polymer buckets. Containers from under the finished putty showed themselves especially well. They can last for several years without losing shape or breaking handles. Their volume is usually 17 liters. They have reliable and solid construction, made from quality material, mortar does not stick to them, they are easy to clean, and they also have very comfortable metal handles.
Currently, much attention is paid to the quality of building materials. To date, the most popular of them are brick, concrete, reinforced concrete and others. Each of them has many valuable properties. Every construction worker needs to know how to mix concrete. There are 2 main ways: manual and with the help of special equipment - a concrete mixer (concrete mixer). There are many various types depending on its composition. The ratio of elements allows you to change such material properties as strength, ductility. The quality and stability of the structure itself largely depends on this.
The quality of the building depends on how well the concrete is mixed. Therefore, this stage of construction should be given maximum attention.
Concrete is most often used as a building material for foundations, often for high-rise buildings. Therefore, it must withstand enormous loads, be durable, and not collapse under gravity. Let us consider in more detail how to carry out mixing in a concrete mixer, what should be the ratio of materials, the basic mixing rules, how much concrete should be kneaded in a concrete mixer, hardening time, and so on.
Characteristics
Concrete is artificial construction material, including - cement powder, fine and coarse aggregates and water.
Concrete is an artificial building material obtained by kneading, molding and hardening a special mixture, which includes the main element - cement powder, fine and coarse aggregates and water. Cement in this case is a binder. If in this case there is no water, then it will be asphalt concrete. Before you learn how to knead with a stirrer, you need to know the composition in a strict ratio. So, concrete consists of 4 fractions: water, cement, crushed stone and sand. Their ratio depends on the cement fraction, sand moisture and other factors. Very often, some additives are added to them, such as plasticizers and water repellents. The latter are necessary so that the mixture does not pass and does not absorb water.
There are many brands.
For example, in order to obtain grade 200 concrete using grade 400 cement, the ratio of cement, sand, crushed stone and water should be 1:3:5:0.5.
To knead concrete, you first need to know its main types. It can be ordinary or special. Conventional is used in the construction of industrial and residential buildings. Special most often used in the manufacture pavement, decorative designs. Separately, special-purpose concrete with special properties. Concrete can be on dense, porous or special aggregates. According to the structure, concrete of porous, cellular, dense and large-pore structure is distinguished.
Principle of operation
For high-quality concrete mixing, it is best to use a concrete mixer, which quickly and thoroughly mixes the mixture.
Before making a batch, you need to be able to work with equipment - a concrete mixer. It is a container where cement can be kneaded. There are several types of concrete mixers, but they all work on gravity principle. They are driven by electric motor. To organize a batch, there must be a power source with a power of 700 watts. The volume of the drum, which rotates and produces mixing, is about 16 liters, while the output of the finished concrete is 100 liters.
For proper kneading, it is important to know that the angle of the drum must be correct, do not change it. The optimal kneading will be at a certain filling of the drum. The concrete mixer has an opening where it is necessary to supply raw materials in order to carry out the batch. In order to obtain a more homogeneous material, a forced mixing method is used in which the blades move while the drum remains stationary. Mixers can be portable or stationary.
Making a mixture
For the highest quality kneading, it is necessary to use water of a certain composition so that it does not contain many salts.
You can knead not only mechanically but also manually. But it will take more time, and time is money, in the construction business everything is done as quickly as possible. So, in order to knead and save time, you will first need to prepare all the ingredients: cement, sand, water, gravel. It is very important that all components are clean and do not contain foreign mechanical impurities. Crushed stone is best taken from granite or gravel, so that the batch is of better quality. After that, you will need to mix the dry ingredients (sand and cement) in a separate container. For these purposes, it is recommended to use a trough or bath. Their ratio depends on the type of cement. On average, it is 1:3 (one part cement and 3 sand).
The resulting mass is poured into a concrete mixer, where it is mixed. But before that, water and gravel are added. It is important to know that you need to knead only when the last component is added - crushed stone. It is he who is put last. For a good kneading, water of a certain composition is needed. It is desirable that it does not contain a lot of salts. After the kneading is completed, and liquid concrete ready, it will be required that this mixture does not remain in it. To do this, it is best to pour water there and add a little gravel, which will take on all the residues and clean the surface. This is very important, since it is quite difficult to get the hardened solution. Many will ask the question: how long should you knead? The answer is quite simple: until you get a homogeneous mass.
Sand selection
For kneading, you can not use sand, which has a lot of clay, small particles in its composition.
One of the most significant components that determine how the batch will turn out is sand. Almost any natural sand can be used as it, but there are some limitations. First of all, this concerns its dispersion. Sand, which has a lot of clay, small particles in its composition, will not work. Small particles have a very strong effect on the quality of the batch. First of all, this will affect the strength of concrete and, accordingly, the strength of the entire structure, which can lead to its rapid destruction. If such coarse sand is not available, then it is subjected to special processing, including its washing, separation into fractions. You can also use another method.
Fine sand is mixed with high-quality sand, which is brought to order. The quality of sand is determined by the method of sieving it through sieves with various holes, this determines the size of its particles and the appropriateness of use. Of course, it will take some time, but the procedure is mandatory in order to get good batch and concrete in general.
Equipment and materials
For the most high-quality preparation of the mixture, it is necessary to use the correct proportions.
In addition to the mixing technique, you will need to know how much material and what equipment is needed for the job. is possible only if there is a container where sand is held, buckets for water, a water source, a shovel, a concrete mixer, a source of electricity. From the materials you need sand, preferably coarse, crushed stone, water, cement. Cement can be purchased at any hardware store. It is sold in paper bags of 5, 25 and 50 kilograms. Buying materials in bulk is much cheaper.
For quality mixing great importance has such an indicator of concrete as, on which the strength of cement largely depends. The lower this indicator, the better the building material. For cement hydration, this characteristic can be 0.2, but then its plasticity will be reduced, which is also of great importance. is a few hours, but after this period it is not necessary to give it a large load. It is better to wait a few days for it to completely freeze.
Everyone can mix concrete - the main thing is to know the necessary proportions, as well as the technique and sequence of work.
Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that almost anyone can do it, you just need to know the methodology and the basic rules. The kneading will take some time. For high-quality and proper kneading, it is important to know how much the ratio of its main elements should be. This largely depends on the type of cement itself (its brand). The ratio of cement, sand, crushed stone, water - 1: 3: 5: 0, 5 is typical for obtaining grade 400 when using cement grade 200. The work plan first of all includes the acquisition necessary equipment and material. In order for it to work, you need a power source with a power of 700 watts. In addition, you will need to supply water. It is desirable that it does not contain big number minerals, including salts.
Sand is also of great importance for obtaining high-quality concrete. It is not recommended to use fine sand with clay particles, as it reduces the strength of the material. After preparing the materials, sand and cement are mixed in a separate container. Then poured into a concrete mixer. Water is added to them and, last of all, crushed stone. This sequence is very important. You need to knead as much as necessary to obtain a homogeneous mass. After completing all the main work, it will be necessary to clean the equipment, that is, the concrete mixer. This is done using plain water and gravel. Rinsing is done as much as necessary to ensure that all the remains of concrete are washed off.
Hello dear friends.
Any small construction site can never do without. Whether columnar or strip foundation their main components are steel reinforcement and concrete. Thanks to these two materials, real masterpieces of architectural construction are currently being created that can withstand hurricanes, earthquakes and heavy loads.
IN modern world there are a huge number of machines that make it easier to work with concrete, but since we do everything ourselves and with our own hands, we do not need to build five hundred meter structures, we need a small amount of concrete, then we will knead it manually.
Today I want to talk about how to knead concrete with my own hands, with a minimum of effort.
As a child, I remember my grandfather always told me: “Vlad, in any business you need certain skills, abilities and certain order in work, only then can the work be done quickly and efficiently.
After that, he gave me an example about two diggers, one had been doing this work for 20 years, and the second was a “novice student”. They began to dig two identical holes side by side. So, the trainee spent three times more time on work than the teacher. Do you know why? A person who has devoted so much time to this profession already intuitively knows at what angle to insert a shovel into the ground, how to throw the earth out of the pit with a minimum of effort and getting the maximum result, and many other secrets.
In his construction practice I often had to deal with the construction of the foundation with my own hands, and this, respectively, with the work of mixing concrete. I honestly confess to you, as soon as it came to mixing concrete with my own hands, it was a “sharp knife” for me.
And in one of these “unfortunate” cases for me, I remembered what my grandfather told me in childhood. The thought arose, probably, I really knead the concrete incorrectly, I use the wrong technology that people use. Why is it so hard for me to do this job?
Having rummaged through the Internet, and having read the available literature, I still did not understand what lies main secret. And then, a housemate brought four KAMAZ trucks of sand, four KAMAZ trucks of crushed stone, an ordinary metal bath and invited 4 workers from sunny Tajikistan to work.
At first, I didn’t even believe my eyes that he wanted to cast a foundation for a house 10 * 10 meters with such forces. Until recently, I did not believe that this was possible.
You know, I was deeply mistaken. A week later, to my surprise, the foundation was cast.
It was here that I borrowed the technology of how to knead concrete with a saving of 40% of effort.
So, I’m telling you how concrete is prepared with your own hands using the example of one bath.
Step-by-step instructions: how to knead concrete with your own hands and in what proportions
We will make concrete from M500 cement, so the proportions for preparing concrete will be as follows: 1 part of cement, 3 parts of sand, 4 parts of crushed stone, 1 part of water. For convenience, we will take one bucket for one part.
Step 1. Pour two buckets of water into the container. Additional water may need to be added depending on the moisture content of the sand.
Step 2 Pour 2 buckets of cement into the water (without a hillock). In principle, 4 buckets are placed in a 50 kg bag, i.e. pour half a bag of cement.
During backfilling, we constantly stir the mixture of water and cement until a homogeneous liquid mass is obtained.
Step 3 Constantly stirring, we fall asleep six buckets of sand.
We bring the state of the mixture to a homogeneous consistency. After the introduction of the last bucket, the mixture becomes difficult to interfere, but tolerable.
Step 4 We introduce eight buckets of crushed stone into the resulting mixture.
Each master, for the first time taking on making concrete in a concrete mixer, the question invariably arises: how to make it so that the resulting mixture is of truly high quality. Some of the secrets and subtleties of working with a concrete mixer will be discussed in the article.
Making concrete in a concrete mixer - types of units
First, let's briefly talk about the two main types. The first of these are devices of the gravitational type. In concrete mixers of this type, the blades rigidly fixed to the drum body are “responsible” for mixing the mortar. The angle of inclination of this drum, which rotates around its axis during operation, can be changed. This is done in order to regulate the intensity of the kneading. They are very convenient in transportation, because if necessary, they can be easily disassembled.
The second type of concrete mixers are forced action devices. Unlike gravitational "brothers", they have a stationary body, inside which the blades rotate. Mixing concrete in a concrete mixer of this type is much more thorough, so they are used to prepare thick solutions, the amount of water in which is small. To purchase such a unit for not very large volume construction work is not worth it, since its price is about ten times more than that of a gravity-type device. Typically, such concrete mixers are purchased if it is planned to manufacture or wall blocks.
The process of preparing a solution in a concrete mixer
Final concrete grade depends on what kind of cement is used for its kneading and what are the proportions. As a rule, most masters use "four-hundredth" and "five-hundredth" cement. For example, when using cement M400, crushed stone or gravel, sand and water, taken in proportions of 2: 8: 4: 1 (this is the ratio used in most cases), you will get concrete grade M250. If the same mixture is made on the basis of cement M500, then the output will be the composition of the brand M350.
When buying cement, be sure to ask the seller for a certificate of conformity.
When loading a concrete mixer, you need to pay attention to the total number of all components - the unit cannot be overloaded. This amount is determined by the nominal capacity of the drum, which must be indicated in the instructions for the device. When adding "ingredients" you must follow a strict sequence. First, water is poured into the drum, then cement, then sand and gravel or crushed stone. The solution is kneaded until completely homogeneous - this applies to both the color and the consistency of the “dough”.
How to mix concrete in a concrete mixer - the subtleties of working with the unit
There are several rules for working with concrete mixers that will help make the operation of the unit more efficient and durable. Before you start loading the components, you need to install the device on a strictly horizontal surface; if necessary, wooden spacers can be placed under its legs. If the agitator is installed even at a slight angle, the mixing may not be of very high quality, and the unit will deteriorate over time. This is especially true for forced action machines.
The operating time for gravitational and "forced" devices is different - in the first case, it is usually two minutes, and in the second - one. An increase in this time can lead to the evaporation of a certain proportion of water and, as a result, to a decrease in the plasticity of the composition. You can check the readiness of concrete by pouring a small amount of it into a wheelbarrow or into a trough, and creating several “ribs” with the back of a shovel. If they do not fall off, then it is ready, otherwise it is sent for revision.
Naturally, a certain amount of concrete is glued to the surface of the drum and blades during the mixing process. Because of this, the amount of cement and sand in the finished mixture may decrease, so during the first batch, their initial amount should be increased by about a tenth. However, sticking can be somewhat reduced by wiping the blades and drum "working out". Do not forget to wash the concrete mixer from the inside after finishing work, otherwise the concrete will harden and it will be possible to remove it only by disassembling the structure.
It is possible to pour ingredients and pour concrete only with a rotating drum.
So, now you know how to prepare a mortar in a concrete mixer. By following these rules, you will not only be able to make high-quality concrete, but also extend the life of this simple, but so indispensable unit at the construction site.
Instructions on how to mix concrete are a must for anyone who builds or makes repairs.
After all, even the most modest building cannot be carried out without a foundation.
The main components of the foundation of the building are concrete and reinforcement.
These components allow you to build flawless architectural structures that can withstand excessive loads, strong winds and the vagaries of the weather.
Concrete is made from dry ingredients.
The mixture without adding water can be long time keep for storage in a closed container. But before use, water is added to the concrete components.
A self-made solution hardens in a couple of hours, so it's best to use it right away. The concrete of the foundation turns to stone, providing strength to the base.
It is worth making concrete with your own hands when building a foundation frame house and concrete stairs.
Frame structures do not need a massive foundation, as they are not heavy in weight. Just before that, you need to find out how much and what ingredients you need.
Main Ingredients concrete mortar- binding all components of water and cement. They are complemented by crushed stone with sand.
Powder cement is made from ground limestone, chalk, gypsum and marl. Cement dust is harmful when inhaled, as it settles in the lungs.
Skin contact with cement may cause irritation. Therefore, all construction operations with cement are carried out with gloves, wearing a respirator.
Grades of cement differ in strength, the higher this indicator, the higher the number in the name.
Popular brands - M400, M500. The volume of the components of these mixtures is one to four and one to five - four or five parts of sand go to one part of cement.
Natural natural raw materials - sand, are classified according to the degree of granularity, it can range from 0.5 to 2 millimeters.
Sometimes a little clay is poured into the sand for the viscosity of the future solution. Sand with an excess of clay must be cleaned with water and dried.
Crushed stone is obtained by grinding granite to five millimeter particles. As a component for concrete mortar, it must be washed, free of clay and earth.
The main condition for the water that will be used for mixing the mixture is purity. That is, it should not contain salts and acids that can change the characteristics of the solution.
To improve quality performance characteristics sand concrete, use additives. Some modifiers affect plasticity and fluidity.
Others slow down the curing process, which is necessary in hot weather. Still others provide increased water resistance or protect against low temperatures.
Since the fate of all further construction depends on the sand concrete, it is important to know how much to use these or those components and in what sequence it is worth mixing them in order to properly prepare the liquid composition with your own hands.
Preparing concrete by hand
Concrete for pouring a stepped foundation is very easy to prepare by hand if you have a small construction area.
Factories producing building mixtures, do not bring to the facility a product less than one cube of concrete.
The best solution would be to make concrete with your own hands, if pouring occurs periodically, as happens when forming a pile-transom foundation.
It is also possible to act in conditions of great remoteness from the manufacturer and inaccessibility of travel to the construction site of the mixer truck.
The process of making concrete for a foundation or other purposes with your own hands is not simple, so it must be done in parts, kneading the necessary ingredients in turn.
In order to properly knead manually, you must first make a “ballast”. It is important to calculate how many ingredients to take.
Ballast is prepared from stone chips and sand in a ratio of 3:1. For one serving, you can take a bucket.
For kneading, prepare a deep container and a shovel. IN old bath, which is present in all summer cottages, fits less than one cube, approximately 0.3.
But if the dimensions of the construction are small, a basin and a trowel will suffice.
1 part of cement and 5 parts of ballast are combined in a container, carefully mixing and achieving a uniform mass. Basically, these proportions are observed, but sometimes they use only cement.
To make concrete the most durable, they take cement grade M500. Of course, the higher the brand of cement, the more expensive it is.
If we talk about how much cement it is more expedient to buy, then a bag weighing 50 kg is the best option.
I make a hole in the center of the resulting mixture, pour a little water into it over the eye. Stirring is carried out from the walls of the container to the middle, where the water is located.
When combining the dry mixture with water, you need to reach the bottom in order to thoroughly mix the components.
After preparing the composition by hand, pay attention to its consistency. If the proportions are chosen correctly, the solution will be liquid, but not fluid.
Too liquid mixture will lose strength properties. Excessive density will also negatively affect the quality of construction.
Consistency testing is easy. The blade of a shovel cuts out in concrete small plot square shape. Then follow its edges. If they crumble, then little water has been added.
If water oozes through a do-it-yourself concrete composition, then there is too much of it. It is necessary to additionally mix the concrete and add it to the previously prepared composition, mixing thoroughly again.
Note: water is poured into the prepared powder mixture. Such a sequence of actions when mixing sand concrete with your own hands prevents the appearance of lumps.
Concrete of the correct consistency should be easily lifted out of the container with a shovel, and not uprooted with great effort.
At the end, plasticizers and crushed stone are added, as much as necessary to improve the properties. Do-it-yourself concrete mortar is delivered to the construction site in buckets.
In the case of large-scale construction, the production of sand concrete by hand will become a grueling process.
Quickly, without wasting energy, you can get concrete in a concrete mixer.
Making concrete in a concrete mixer
Now there are many machines that can facilitate the production of concrete. It is easier to prepare the composition in a concrete mixer than to make it in parts with large volumes of construction.
How much material will be needed? If we translate the proportions into kilograms, then 300-350 kilograms of cement will be needed per cube of sand concrete.
Also, sand is spent on a cube of popular building material - 600-700 kg, gravel - 1100-1200 kg, and water - 150-180 liters.
The difference in each proportion is explained by the unequal quality of the ingredients. For example, gravel crushed stone characterized by a higher strength index than limestone.
Therefore, it is customary to use it in a smaller proportion.
To make a cube of building materials, it is easier to use buckets. If you pour the components in buckets, then you need to know that they do not have the same weight.
For example, cement in one bucket weighs about 16 kg, and gravel - about 17 kg. So, measuring the proportions in buckets, they proceed from the ratio: 9 parts of gravel, 5 - sand, 2 - cement.
The solution is prepared correctly in a concrete mixer as follows. The pear of this apparatus is set at a 45-degree angle. We pour sand inside.
Cement is loaded into the concrete mixer gradually, including the mixing mechanism after the next addition.
After mixing sand and cement in a concrete mixer, water is poured in portions. By adding a certain amount of water little by little, the concrete mixer is scrolled.
The next component to be added to the mass in the concrete mixer is crushed stone. It must also be applied in small batches for uniform mixing.
Although in the manufacture of a building product in a concrete mixer, you can slightly deviate from the strict sequential mixing procedure, as when working with your own hands, but be sure to maintain all proportions.
It is allowed to simultaneously put all the components into the device: half a bucket of water, four buckets of gravel mixture and one bucket of cement.
Without stopping the course of the batch, add two more buckets of water. The solution should scroll in the concrete mixer for a couple of minutes. The consistency of the prepared concrete is compared with liquid clay.
Other options
If you understand that you will not be able to prepare the foundation for pouring the foundation of a frame house or other small structures with your own hands, then resort to the help of professionals.
Without puzzling over how many components to take and how to knead them, you can buy a cube of concrete, which should be enough for a small construction.
The cube of this building product costs from 2400 rubles. This figure refers to the lowest brand. A medium-strength brand cube (M400) costs from 3,200 rubles. The most expensive and reliable brand is M600.
A cube of such concrete will cost 4 thousand.
