Photinia Fraser "Little Red Robin" (Photinia xfraseri 'Little Red Robin') is an evergreen hybrid, a dwarf form of the Red Robin shrub. Photinia plant - elegant shrub (Photinia) Photinia pink crispy shrub agricultural technology
American botanists believe that photinia is a close relative of Michurin's chokeberry, which is widespread in Russia, which is known as chokeberry. They even combine these plants into a common genus. Who knows, maybe after some time we will also call the “chokeberry” photinia.
Description: There are about 40 species in the genus, distributed in Southeast Asia.
Trees and shrubs, both deciduous and evergreen, with oblong, entire leaves. The flowers are white, small, typical of rosaceae: five splayed petals and a bunch of stamens. They are collected in complex corymbose inflorescences or small bunches. The fruit is like a mountain ash - a small red apple. Evergreen species with orange-red fruits are very spectacular - Davidson's photinia, serrate photinia, etc., which are planted in the parks of the Crimea and the Caucasus and imported into central Russia. But, unfortunately, these species are so thermophilic that they can hardly withstand a temperature drop to -12 ° C, after which they freeze out. Only two species have established themselves as winter-hardy plants that may be of interest to domestic gardeners with their decorative qualities.
| Photinia woolly- Photinia villosa (Thunb.) DC.
Comes from Southeast Asia A beautiful upright shrub up to 1.5 m high. It is distinguished by a dense leafy crown, descending to the base of the bush. Shiny oblong leaves look strictly and neatly. Flowering lasts almost the entire June. White flowers are slightly more than 1 cm in diameter, collected in pubescent corymbs up to 5 cm in diameter. The "starry time" for the shrub comes in the fall: at the end of September, brilliant fiery-red apple fruits ripen, and a little later, in October, the leaves turn bright - crimson and golden tones. The most winter-hardy of photinia, however, young shoots can also freeze slightly. Photinia villosa DC. kept in a potted arboretum of the botanical garden of St. Petersburg from 1902 to 1938. In 1992-1997 tested in open ground. Dropped out of the collection, probably due to low winter hardiness. In GBS since 1950, 3 samples (5 copies) were grown from seeds obtained from Edinburgh, Warsaw and of unknown origin. At 42, height 1.6 m, crown diameter 180 cm plant grows from late April to October. The growth rate is low. Blooms in May-June. Fruits in 5 years, the fruits ripen in October. The cuttings take root weakly. Winter hardiness is below average. |
| Photinia small-flowered- Photinia parviflora (Pritz.) C.K. Schneid.
East Asia. The shrub is similar to the previous species, but smaller (no more than 1 m). The inflorescences consist of several flowers, but the flowers, contrary to the name of the species, are larger - up to 1.5 cm in diameter. The shrub is decorative in autumn, when the red fruits ripen and the color of the leaves changes. May winter under snow or require shelter. Less winter-hardy than f. woolly. It has been widespread in culture abroad since the beginning of the 20th century, but in middle lane Russia is little known. In GBS since 1962, 1 sample (3 copies) was grown from seeds obtained from Cincinnati (USA). At 30 years old, height 1.5 m, crown diameter 140 cm plant grows from early May to October. The growth rate is low. Blooms in June. The fruits ripen in September. Winter hardiness is low. 3% of cuttings take root when treated with phyton. |
Photinia naked- Ph. glabra (Thunb.) Maxim. Japan. Evergreen shrub up to 3 m tall with shiny light green leaves 5-8 cm long. In culture, it is rare in the parks of Sukhumi and Batumi. Suitable for the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. Photinia davidiana
Photinia Davidson- Ph. Davidsoniae rehd. and Wils. China. Evergreen tree up to 15 m tall with a dense pointed crown, oblong leathery shiny leaves 10-12 cm long, spherical fruits up to 1 cm in diameter. One of the most beautiful trees China, has long been cultivated in gardens, parks, cemeteries and sacred places. In culture in Russia, it is single in Adler. Withstands frosts down to -11°. Grows pretty fast. Suitable for the warmest regions of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. Photinia serrated, Chinese- Ph. serrulata Lindl. China. Evergreen tree up to 12 m tall, with twisted trunks, often a shrub. In culture in the Crimea, on Black Sea coast Caucasus. Deserves a test in Transcarpathia. |
Location: Photinia grows well in partial shade and full sun.
The soil: the usual garden is suitable, but what the plant does not tolerate is an excess of lime.
Photinia glabra "Rubens"
Photograph by Kirill Tkachenko
Care: can do without watering, at least in the shade, watered only in hot and dry periods. These species have high winter hardiness, only sometimes annual shoots freeze slightly. In such years, resort to sanitary pruning, which does not weaken the development of the shrub, as it grows quickly.
Reproduction: seeds, layering, grafting. When spring sowing, the seeds are stratified for 2-3 months. at low temperatures. Before sowing, seeds covered with a hard shell are ground with coarse sand, i.e., scarification is carried out. Cuttings are bad. In July-August, semi-lignified cuttings are cut, and at the end of October - woody cuttings, which are rooted in the spring. Layers are made in autumn. It is possible to graft on hawthorn and chokeberry.
Usage: Photinia are most decorative in autumn, with bright foliage and abundant fruits. Can be planted in groups with other shrubs.
Photinia shrub planting and subsequent care
Photinia is a Far Eastern bush plant. The bush looks great in any garden design. Its white lush inflorescences and glossy leaves have been pleasing to the eye in the gardens of Russia for more than 50 years.
Photinia vilosa
Fhotinia villosa is the only deciduous plant belonging to the rose family. It is an upright bush with overlapping shoots, massively growing in the gardens of the country. South Asia is considered the birthplace of this exquisite plant.
Source: Depositphotos
Photinia flowers are collected in clusters of white inflorescences
The shrub does not tolerate temperature extremes. An ideal place for its growth would be well-heated fertile soil. The plant does not require any additional care and needs moderate irrigation.
Its leaves change color from dark green in spring to rich orange-purple in autumn.
In early June, this splendor of color is diluted only by blossoming snow-white flowers up to 6 cm in diameter. A photo of photinia during the flowering period is presented above. In October, red round fruits in the form of tiny apples appear on the branches of the bush.
Shrub is great for creating beautiful compositions with different garden plants. It also looks good in hedges and alpine slides.
Landing and care
Planting photinia is possible in early spring and autumn. To do this, it is necessary to dig a hole in a well-lit area twice as large as the rhizome of the seedling itself. The earth at the bottom of the pit should be well loosened and fertilized. Place the plant strictly in the center of the hole, then carefully cover the roots with a mixture of earth and compost and tamp the surface. From the soil around young plant form a watering circle for better irrigation during droughts. Mulch shrubs in early autumn with fresh compost or dry small leaves.
The bush is not subject to frequent attacks of insects or other pests. The only problem is microscopic spider mites.
They crawl onto the lower branches of the plant and suck out all the plant juices from them, which leads to wilting and even death of photinia. To prevent the appearance of these pests, it is enough to water the bush on time.
Must be applied throughout the year little effort for better plant growth. Remove first in spring protective film, after mulching the soil around the plant. In summer - regular watering, especially in dry weather. In autumn, the plant needs to be prepared for the cold: cover the trunk with polyethylene. Following these simple photinia care requirements will result in a healthy flowering shrub.
Photinia Frasera (Photinia fraseri) is an evergreen ornamental and flowering shrub of the Rosaceae family. This species is native to New Zealand.
Young shoots of reddish photinia
Photinia is often used in landscaping by residents of the United States, where this shrub is widely distributed both in city parks and in private gardens. In Russia, photinia is grown in the North Caucasus, on the Black Sea coast. Description.
The height of photinia can reach 1.5 - 3 m. With the help of pruning this species can be given the desired shape: spherical, cuboid, sheared border, etc.
Photinia Fraser ‘Red Robin’
Photinia leaves are green dense leathery, at the time of blooming they have an orange-red tint, thanks to which the plant looks especially bright and unusual. This coloration of young foliage is especially characteristic of the variety ‘Red Robin’ (“Red Robin”) .
In May, Photinia is covered with creamy white flowers, they are collected in corymbose inflorescences and have a structure characteristic of all Pinks (five petals and long fluffy stamens, the number of which is a multiple of five). In warm autumn, red fruits have time to ripen on the bush.
Photinia - sheared balls
Photinia Fraser is ideal for landscaping southern gardens, because this species, along with boxwood, arborvitae, shiny honeysuckle and holly, remains decorative throughout the year. Often, photinia is grafted onto a trunk, or hawthorn can be used as a stock.
Growing conditions and care.
Photinia grows best in a well-lit area, in which case its young foliage acquires a particularly bright color. In partial shade, the bushes do not look so catchy.
Photinia on the background of ivy, next to yucca
Like many southern plants, photinia, when grown in central Russia, needs shelter for the winter, in addition, it must be planted in a warm place protected from the wind. Frost resistance is low - it tolerates a decrease in temperature to - 12 ° C.
Sheared in the shape of a ball and border photinia
Photinia is not too demanding on soils, it does not like only clay soils and calcareous soils that are very heavy in terms of granulometric composition. On such soils, when planting, sand is required under the shrub. Prefers well-drained soils rich in organic matter, tolerates both acidic and alkaline environments.
White photinia flowers are collected in inflorescences
Photinia does not require special care. It is watered moderately, without flooding; when waterlogged, the shoots may not ripen and winter hardiness decreases. The shrub is generally drought tolerant. During growing season feed once a month with a complete mineral fertilizer.
Reproduction.
Reproduction of photinia is possible by seeds, layering and cuttings. Seeds before sowing are stratified for two to three months at a temperature of +3 - 4 ° C. Before sowing, it is desirable to break the seed coat of seeds, for example, by rubbing them with coarse sand.
Photinia Fraser on trunk
Reproduction of photinia by cuttings is carried out in two periods: in the middle of summer (July-August) and at the end of October. Cuttings are cut in the summer half-lignified, fully matured in the fall, the latter take root in the spring. You can read about cuttings of shrubs.
Layers of photinia are added dropwise in the fall. They bend a suitable branch to the ground, slightly incise the bark at the place where future roots appear and sprinkle it with soil. Moisturize regularly. You can press down the branch with some kind of weight so that it does not rise.
Photinia (Photinia) belongs to the Rosaceae family ( Rosaceae) and originates from Southeast Asia. The genus name is related to the Greek word hotinus- "brilliant" and indicates glossy surface leaves in evergreens. In deciduous species, the upper surface of the leaf is often matte. Photinia flowers are white, collected in corymbose inflorescences. The fruits are similar to mountain ash - these are small red "apples" containing 1-4 seeds each.
American botanists consider photinia to be such a close relative of chokeberry (one of which is Michurin's chokeberry or " chokeberry"widespread in Russia), which proves the need to combine them into one common genus for similar structural features. In the genus Photinia, 40 species are known, but only two of them have established themselves as winter-hardy plants that can grow in Central Russia.
Photinia woolly, or hairy (Photinia villosa) comes from Japan, Korea, China, where the height of a shrub or slender tree reaches 5 m. In Moscow, it is an upright deciduous shrub about 1.5 m high. Oblong leaves 3-8 cm long have a wide-wedge-shaped apex with a retracted tip and a finely serrated edge; leaf petioles are short. The leaf is abundantly pubescent on both sides. Flowering lasts from late May to early June. Small white flowers are collected 8-15 in pubescent corymbose inflorescences up to 5 cm in diameter. At the end of September, brilliant fiery red fruits - “apples” ripen. In October, the leaves turn bright crimson and golden tones. This species was introduced into cultivation in 1865, however, it has been most common since the beginning of the 20th century, but is almost unknown in Central Russia. It is suitable for planting in decorative groups with flowering shrubs and to create a hedge.
Photinia small-flowered (Photinia parviflora) comes from East and Central China, where its height reaches 3 m. Young shoots are smooth. The leaves are not very large, 3-6 cm long, oblong-oval or rhombic-oval, with a pointed apex and a serrate-toothed edge. The leaf is slightly pubescent on the lower and upper sides with short hairs. In a corymbose inflorescence 1-6 white flowers 1.5 cm in diameter. Pedicels 1.0-2.5 cm long. Fruits are bright red, elongated, 8-10 mm long. The shrub is decorative in autumn, when the fruits ripen and the color of the leaves becomes bright red. The species has been introduced into cultivation since 1908. Although the shrub is similar to the previous species, in Moscow it is smaller, about 1 m high, because it is more thermophilic. Can winter under snow, or requires shelter. Promising for the design of borders and rocky gardens.
Photinia Davidson (Photinia davidsoniae) is an evergreen tree originating from Central China, up to 15 m high with a wide conical crown. The leaves are obovate, up to 12 cm long. The flowers are white, about 10 mm in diameter, collected in a corymb. This is a very showy plant, thanks to the combination of leathery glossy leaves and orange-red fruits with a diameter of 7-10 mm. In culture since 1900 Due to low winter hardiness (can withstand only small temperature drops), it can grow in the Caucasus, where the species has been cultivated since 1936.
Photinia Serrata (Photinia serrulata) is also native to China. This is an evergreen tree up to 10 m high. The leaves are oblong, with a pointed top and a finely serrated edge. White inflorescences up to 15 cm in diameter, small flowers 6-8 mm in diameter. Bright red spherical fruits with a diameter of 5-6 mm. This type of photinia is so thermophilic that it can hardly withstand temperatures down to -12 o C, after which it freezes and soon dies. Unlike deciduous photinia species, it grows best in shady places. Introduced into culture since 1804, it has been planted in the parks of the Crimea and the Caucasus since 1826, the conditions of Central Russia are not suitable for cultivation.
Photinia Fraser(Frazer) ( Photinia x fraseri), is a hybrid between Japanese Photinia naked and Chinese Photinia Serrata ( Photiniaglabra x Ph. serrulata). The species got its name in honor of the botanist Charles Fraser, who in 1940 discovered this plant in the USA (nursery in Alabama). This evergreen shrub more than 3 m high. Special decorative qualities are associated with the color of dense glossy leaves, having an oval shape, 8-12 cm long and a serrated edge, a petiole 2 cm long. In autumn, the leaves become bright scarlet. Creamy-white corymbose inflorescences up to 12 cm in diameter occupy the apical position on the shoots, their aroma is not very pleasant, sometimes they are cut off. The fruits are shiny, rounded red color.
In culture, the species is distributed only in warm climates, often grown in the southern United States, as well as in New Zealand. In the southern United States, the species is severely affected by a number of fungal diseases, including spot, botrytis, and powdery mildew, reducing the decorative effect of the leaves. He loves partial shade, neutral or fertile soil. In central Russia, the plant freezes.
Cultivation and care
When choosing a place to plant, keep in mind that photinia loves sunny areas, but can grow in partial shade. It is undemanding to soil fertility, does not tolerate waterlogging and lime in the soil. Deciduous species of photinia are planted in a permanent place in the spring, placing 1.5 -2 m apart. landing pits dig 60x60 cm in size, 40 cm deep. Upper layer dug up earth is mixed with 1 bucket of humus, compost or peat. Add 100-150 g of superphosphate and 50-70 g of potassium sulfate. root collar deepen a little, by 0.5-1 cm.
Photinia needs moderate moisture, so the bushes are watered only in a hot and dry period. With moderate winter hardiness, annual shoots can freeze slightly in severe winters. In such years, they resort to sanitary pruning, which does not weaken the development of the shrub, as it begins to branch more actively. In some years in Moscow, the leaves of photinia are eaten by caterpillars of the winter moth or damaged by the rose leaf roller.
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reproduction
Photinia is mainly propagated seeds, which are sown in autumn "before winter" or in spring. First, the seeds are extracted from the juicy fruits, separated from the pulp, washed in water and dried in a ventilated room. Before sowing, seeds covered with a hard shell are ground with coarse sand.
At spring sowing to speed up seed germination, stratification is carried out in wet sand or sphagnum according to the following scheme: 3 months - with room temperature(+20 0 C), 2-3 months in the refrigerator (+4 0 C). Soil substrate is prepared for sowing leaf ground, humus, peat and coarse sand (in the ratio 2:2:1:1). Crops are regularly watered using a sprinkler. Shoots protect from overheating and gradually harden. Later, the seedlings dive into the garden.
Most effective for Photinia vegetative propagation vaccination cuttings or buds. As a stock, they take Michurin's chokeberry (chokeberry) or hawthorn.
cuttings photinia is very bad, like most plants of the Rosaceae family. In July-August, semi-lignified cuttings are cut, and at the end of October - woody cuttings, which are rooted in the spring. The cuttings are planted in a light, moisture-absorbing substrate, consisting of high-moor peat and well-washed coarse-grained sand, in a ratio of 2:1. To root the cuttings, their lower part is powdered with Kornevin. When planting, the cuttings are placed at a distance of 3-5 cm from each other. best results rooting of cuttings (3-5%) can be achieved at a temperature of + 16 + 20 ° C and slight shading.
Alla Kuklina,
Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, GBS im. N.V. Tsitsina RAS, member of the Union of Journalists of Moscow
These cold hardy Asian shrubs are bred for their gorgeous foliage color. In evergreen species, it pleases the eye all year round, and in deciduous - in the fall, when it is complemented by no less bright fruitlets. By the end of spring, corymbs of white flowers, similar to rowan inflorescences, are formed, giving apples with a diameter of 5-10 mm in summer. Young leaves of evergreens are red. Resistant to frost down to -17-23°C (depending on the species).
Вeauverdiana (F. Bovera)
Deciduous appearance with magnificent bronze-red coloration autumn leaves. They are narrowly oval, up to 12.5 cm long, with protruding veins on the underside.
Deciduous view
Blooming in late spring, flowers in corymbs 5 cm wide give dark red apples. The height and diameter of the plant is 1.5x2 m (5 years). The maximum height is 8 m.
P. davidiana (syn. Stranvaesia davidiana) (F. Davida, Stranvaesia Davidiana)
This spreading semi-deciduous shrub has leathery, ovate-pointed dark green leaves up to 11 cm long. In early winter, they turn orange-red and fall off. Flowers in corymbs up to 10 cm wide produce red berries. The height and diameter of the plant is 2.4x2.4 m (5 years). The maximum height is 4 m.
spreading shrub
R. fraseri (F. Fraser)
The young leaves of this evergreen hybrid are bronze to red; then they become glossy green. Their plate is ovoid, serrated, up to 9 cm long. Flowers in corymbs up to 12 cm wide. The height and diameter of the plant is 1.5x2 m (5 years). The maximum height is 4 m.
Leaf color varies from bronze to red.
Birmingham
The young leaves of the variety are thick copper-red;
Birmingham
"Red Robin"
Bright red, glossy, coarsely toothed leaves.
"Robusta"
The variety is distinguished by thick leathery oblong leaves that are bright copper-red at first. This is one of the most cold-resistant Photinia.
The variety is distinguished by thick leathery oblong leaves.
"Rubens" (syn. P. glabra "Rubens")
The young foliage of the variety is glossy, bright red.
P. glabra “Parfait” (syn. P. “Pink Lady”, P. “Variegata”) (F. naked)
Evergreen shrub with smooth bronze-red young leaves, up to 8 cm long, the edge of which is pink at first. Then it becomes cream, and the rest of the plate is green with gray-green spots. If the spring is warm, scutes up to 10 cm across can form. Fruit color is red to black. The height and diameter of the plant is 1.5x2 m (5 years). The maximum height is 3 m.
Evergreen shrub with smooth bronze-red young leaves.
"Pink Lady"
The red young leaves of this vigorous evergreen shrub turn glossy green over time. White flowers in corymbs with purple stalks produce orange-red apples. The height and diameter of the plant is 1.5x2 m (5 years). The maximum height is 5 m.
P. serratifolia (F. serrate)
The leaves are leathery, serrated, up to 18 cm long, dark green above, yellowish below, young with a reddish tint. Shields up to 18 cm in diameter. The height and diameter of the plant is 1.5x2 m (5 years). The maximum height is 5 m.
Leaves are leathery, serrated
P. Variegata
The leaves of this deciduous shrub turn orange-red in autumn. Their plates are from oval to oblong, pointed, up to 3 cm long. Flowers in corymbs up to 5 cm in diameter give ovoid fruitlets. The height and diameter of the plant is 1.5x2 m (5 years). Maximum height -5 m.
P. Variegata
cultivation
Plant photinia in a wind-sheltered, well-drained area. fertile soil– with the exception of P. davidiana and P. fraseri, which prefer high humidity. Evergreens tolerate calcareous soil, while deciduous plants prefer acidic or neutral soil, although P. beauverdiana will tolerate slightly alkaline soil.
