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Early varieties of potatoes. Early varieties of potatoes - general information

Potatoes are a wonderful gift of nature, which a person has been using for his own benefit for many thousands of years. During this time, a myriad of varieties of this wonderful vegetable have appeared, but breeders do not stop there. Every year, varieties are created that are distinguished by ever earlier ripening dates, with resistance to new strains of diseases and improved taste. How to navigate in such a variety and choose exactly the variety that will please with its qualities and become a favorite in the garden? Let's find the answer to this question together.

Potato farming: from hate to love

Modern cooking is hard to imagine without potatoes. Dishes from it are tasty and nutritious, have an appetizing appearance, are healthy and easy to prepare. What could be better than crispy, golden fried potatoes or tender, fluffy mashed potatoes? And these are just the simplest recipes, and there are thousands of them. As are the hundreds of potato varieties to grow, each with a range of attractive and valuable qualities.

I can’t believe that this vegetable was once poorly received in Russia: because of the unwillingness to grow it, the people staged “potato riots”. People simply did not know how to eat it: they used the inedible berries of the plant, got poisoned and began to hate potatoes even more.

There is a legend: Peter I, who decided at all costs to feed the stubborn population with tubers brought from Holland, decided to act “on the contrary”. He ordered that several fields be planted with potatoes, and when the crop was ready for harvest, he assigned guards to it. The soldiers guarded the fields all day and left at night. The people decided: since something is so heavily guarded, it is worthy of attention, which means we need it too. Potatoes were secretly dug at night and gradually began to be eaten.

Now it is difficult to imagine our country without potato fields.

The calculation of Peter the Great was correct: over the years, the Russian people fell in love with the potato so much that now it is simply impossible to imagine our life without it. In 2016, a record harvest of this crop was harvested in Russia: more than 30 million tons, and as many as 22 million fell to the share of personal subsidiary plots. A significant role in such an impressive achievement was played by the selection of zoned varieties increased productivity resistant to diseases and pests.

Choosing potato varieties for growing in Russia

Each gardener has his own style of potato farming. Some do not trust "newfangled things" and annually grow permanent, proven varieties on the site, others like to experiment, follow the achievements of selection and acquire new items as soon as they appear. Both points of view have the right to exist, but the fact is indisputable: the potato, sadly, tends to degenerate, and diseases and pests mutate, and not in the best direction for the workers of the fields and gardens. Therefore, it will be necessary to renew the “earth apples” for planting, and it is better to do this in four years, without waiting for a sharp decrease in yields and the appearance of ugly fruits.

Elite varieties: the best is not the enemy of the good

"Elite" doesn't always mean "super early". The main indicators of variety selection:

• plant resistance to diseases and negative environmental factors;
• friendly return and generosity of the harvest;
• excellent taste, large mass and presentation of tubers.

Thus, varieties that have these useful qualities, but do not necessarily ripen early and immediately, are considered elite. For some varieties, the tuber collection period begins at the end of June and lasts until the end of August - beginning of September. Agree, this is another plus in favor of breeding potatoes.

An elite variety of early ripening Impala potatoes is characterized by good resistance to diseases, the ability to adapt to weather conditions and excellent taste.

To obtain plants with such properties, serious selection work is carried out, which is why they are not cheap, and even during cultivation. seed material will have to make an effort. But in the end, you won't be disappointed. The result will pleasantly surprise and please - provided that you purchase high-quality certified material, and do not trust random incompetent sellers. Now gardeners are literate people, and it is not so easy to deceive them, besides, there are networks of specialized stores, delivery by mail from breeding and seed farms, so there are no problems with acquiring quality material will not be.

Ripening time is an important criterion

The State Register of Breeding Achievements of Russia divides potatoes into six main groups according to ripening time.

Table: classification of potato varieties depending on the duration of ripening

Group	Timing ripening days	Names of varieties included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements
very early	40–55	Capri, Colomba, Red Sonya, Meteor, Nandina, Charoite
early ripe	55–75	Ivory Russet, Antonina, Arosa, Artemis, Baron, Bain, Bellaprima, Bellarosa, Vega, White Spring, Early Zhukovsky, Fun, Impala, Queen Anna, Robust, Labella, Lady Claire, League, Lyubava, Molly, Red Scarlett, Rosara, Bullfinch, Luck, Uladar, Felox, Jarla
mid-early	75–85	Adretta, Openwork, Cupid, Arizona, Breeze, Bravo, Valentina, Cornflower, Gala, Elizabeth, Zekura, Ilyinsky, Krasa, Handsome, Courage, Lileya, Romano, Ryabinushka, Saga, Enchanter, Shelford
Mid-season	85–95	Aurora, Alekseevsky, Albatross, Aramis, Breeze, Pennant, Giant, Country, Oak, Irbitsky, Vega, Kolobok, Lugovskoy, Nadezhda, Nevsky, Prestige, Red Anna, Slavyanka, Hostess
Middle late	95–110	Argos, Arsenal, Asterix, Belousovsky, Zhuravinka, Blueness, Lorch, Nikulinsky, Margarita, Saturn, Symphony, Sifra, Turbo, Pheasant, Filatovsky, Violet, Amber
late ripening	110 and more	Atlant, Bolvinsky, Bryansk red, Mopedo, Picasso

The term of ripening means the number of days from the appearance of full shoots to the formation of commercial quality tubers. It may vary somewhat depending on the region of planting, moisture and soil composition, air temperature. The optimal combination of these conditions will allow you to get the maximum yield in due time. Therefore, it is so important when buying planting material to take into account not only the ripening time, but also the regionalization of the variety.

Many early varieties in regions with a favorable warm climate and with proper care produce a harvest as early as ultra-early hybrids, but at the same time have a slightly smaller tuber size.

Of course, varieties with the shortest maturation period, the so-called sprinters, attract maximum attention. It is tempting to harvest extra early crops when new potatoes are still very expensive on the market. Yes, and there is no confidence in how the miraculous result was obtained. Planting ultra-early varieties in your garden will be both cheaper in terms of money and healthier.

Some novice gardeners are afraid to buy early potatoes. There is an opinion that early and super-early varieties are not stored for a long time: they lose their elasticity, germinate quickly, and rot. Yes, it used to be like that. But times change, the old is replaced by the new, the better. In our age of high technology, it is unreasonable to lag behind advancing science.

The State Register of Breeding Achievements indicates that the keeping quality of all ultra-early varieties indicated in it is high, in the range of 90–95%. This allows you to keep them for a long time.

The keeping quality of early ripe Colombo potatoes is 95%

Seed potatoes will have to be purchased every year if you do not have a room to store them with a temperature of about 2–4 ° C and an air humidity of 80–90%. However, with a cold, damp cellar, you can save ultra-early varieties for spring planting. Try to collect seed as carefully as possible and discard any damaged tubers. It is necessary to take out super-early and early potatoes to a warm place ahead of time, three weeks before planting, so that it “wakes up” and can germinate in the still rather cold ground. This will make it possible to use all its "superpowers" to the maximum. You can germinate tubers in wet sawdust, sand, or a mixture thereof.

In wet sawdust, potatoes for planting germinate faster

And reviews of experienced potato growers indicate that early varieties have good keeping quality (Lyubava, Zhukovsky early, Red Scarlett, Luck). But most gardeners still tend to store medium, medium late and late varieties, which are guaranteed to have no problems, and the culinary use of late varieties is wider.

So, we have decided on when we want to get the harvest. Now let's deal with an equally important point: the regionalization of varieties.

Zoned potatoes: unpretentious southerners and persistent northerners

Russia is a country of vast expanses and a diverse climate: from subtropical to arctic. Of course, nightshades are not grown in the tundra, and our sweet potato is not a capricious tropical pineapple. But it is pointless to demand even from the most beautiful elite variety that it grow and bear fruit equally well from Khabarovsk to Pyatigorsk. Therefore, a division into regions of tolerance for crops was introduced. These regions (or zones) are close in climatic conditions, duration of daylight hours, the spread of major pests and diseases.

Sometimes on the packaging of seeds in the column "Tolerance zone" you can see the numbers: 1, 5, 10 and others. But what do they mean and in what region does each individual farmer live? You don't need a compass or a map to find out your access area. Everything is very simple: each region of Russia belongs to a certain region.

Table: crop zoning zones according to the State Register of the Russian Federation

№	Access region	Subjects included in it
1	Northern	Republic of Komi, Republic of Karelia, Arkhangelsk, Murmansk regions
2	Northwestern	Vologda, Kaliningrad, Kostroma, Leningrad, Novgorod, Pskov, Tver and Yaroslavl regions
3	Central	Bryansk, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Kaluga, Moscow, Ryazan, Smolensk, Tula regions
4	Volga-Vyatka	Republic of Mari El, Nizhny Novgorod, Sverdlovsk, Kirov regions, Perm region, Udmutt Republic, Chuvash Republic
5	Central Black Earth	Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetsk, Orel, Tambov regions
6	North Caucasian	Republic of Adygea, Republic of Dagestan, Republic of Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Krasnodar Territory, Rostov Region, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Stavropol Territory, Chechen Republic, Republic of Crimea
7	Middle Volga	Republic of Mordovia, Republic of Tatarstan, Penza, Samara, Ulyanovsk region
8	Nizhnevolzhsky	Astrakhan, Saratov, Volgograd regions, Republic of Kalmykia
9	Ural	Republic of Bashkortostan, Kurgan, Orenburg, Chelyabinsk regions
10	West Siberian	Republic of Altai, Altai Territory, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Tyumen regions
11	East Siberian	Republic of Buryatia, Irkutsk region, Krasnoyarsk region, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Republic of Tyva, Republic of Khakassia, Trans-Baikal Territory
12	Far Eastern	Amur, Kamchatka, Magadan, Sakhalin regions, Primorsky Territory, Khabarovsk Territory

Nowadays, for each region of the country, a number of potato varieties have been identified that show the best results under local conditions. The list is being updated, but there are also undisputed leaders in terms of the breadth of distribution, which have not lost ground for many years: Aurora, Valentina, White Spring, Elizabeth, Zhukovsky early, Zekura, Impala, Ladoga, Lorch, Lugovskoy, Meteor, Nikulinsky, Pushkinets, Radonezh, Red Scarlett, Rosara, Roman, Sante, Bullfinch, Luck, Felox, Enchanter.

The Nevsky potato variety can grow in any region, it is considered the standard of indicators with which other varieties are compared.

Potato variety Nevsky - super-elite, for table use, including in the food industry

Table: zoning of varieties according to the State Register of Breeding Achievements

Region	Variety name
Northern	Detskoselsky, Khibinsky Early, Kolpashevsky, Flight, Lugovskoy, Bronnitsky, Nida, Sante, Onega, Gloria, Pushkinets, Christmas, Fresco, Lomonosovsky, Challenger, Nikulinsky, Madam, Elizabeth, Petersburg, Charm, League, Enchanter, Radonezhsky, Aurora, Ladoga , Ryabinushka, Brook, Daredevil, Prince, Felox, Fortress, Antonina, Bullfinch, Naiad, Peter's Mystery, Visa, Osipova's Memory
Northwestern	Lorch, Detskoselsky, Ramensky, Reserve, Svitanok, Kyiv, Lugovskoy, Bronnitsky, Nida, Lasunak, Sante, Charoit, Manifesto. Damaris, Bettina, El Mundo, Bafana, Biogold, Vektar Belorussky, Zorachka, Colomba, Lucinda, Zhukovsky Early, Luck, Gloria, Music, Pushkinets, Christmas, Aspia, Fresco, Yanka, Ragneda, Uladar, Lomonosovsky, Danae, Sagitta, Oceania , Sylvanas, Mozart, Lilac Mist, Delphine, Estrella, Real, Sifra, Nikulinsky, Impala, Blakit, Belarusian Lileya. Dubrava, Breeze, Madame, Elizabeth, St. Petersburg, Rosara, Latona, Alova, Romance, League, Serpanok, Povin, Enchanter, Karatop, Santana, Radonezh, Aurora, Ladoga, Ryabinushka, Stream, Inspiration, Felox, Timo Khankkiyan, Alvara, Zhuravinka , Gala, Robust, Red Scarlett, Bullfinch, Victoria, Naiad, Peter's Mystery, Seagull, Visa, Gum, Treasury, Krinitsa, Sparta, Osipova's Memory, Kholmogorsky
Central	Evolution, Excellence, Lady Sarah, Margarita, Memphis, Merlot, Nandina, Axona, Ivory Russet, Vilow, Kaya, Safiya, Wendy, Fidelia, Lady Lenora, Lady Blanca, Lady Anna, Violet, Favorite, Merchant, Volat, Lad, Manifesto , Caprice, Damaris, Barin, Kaluga, Dido, Patriot, Vector, Royal, Omega, Cornflower
Volga-Vyatka	Spark, Lugovskoy, Nida, Lasunak, Condor, Sante, Early Bryansk, Volat, Lad, Mondeo, Crisper, Blueness, Vektar Belorussian, Giant, Panther, Colomba, Zhukovsky Early, Luck, Gloria, Fioretta, Lighthouse, Rumba, Pushkinets, Christmas , Spring White, Effect, Aspia, Fresco, Irbitsky, Joy, Meteor, Salin, Europrima, Eurostarch, Red Fantasy, Madeline, Silvana, Mozart, Piccolo Star, Labadia, Estrella, Sifra, Nikulinsky, Impala, Romano, Blakit, Lileya, Belorussian, Rodriga, Kamensky, Diamond, Elizabeth, St. Petersburg, Zekura, Rosara, Artemis, Kuznechanka, Crown, Bellarosa, Sprint, Bryansk Jubilee, Flint, Jeanne, Wizard, Karatop, Master, Nakra, Aurora, Ladoga, Ryabinushka, Brook, Baron , Tuleevsky, Feloks, Valiza, Timo Khankkian, Rikea, Alena, Zhuravinka, Antonina, Innovator, Red Scarlett, Mars, Olympus, Alice, Bullfinch, Naiad, Riddle, Peter, Timer, Jelly, Seagull, Visa, Colette, Rosalind, Vineta , Roko, Treasury, Lapis Lazuli, Archidea, Sparta
Central Black Earth	Excellence, Lorch, Varmas, Lugovskoy, Lasunak, Condor, Marfona, Resource, Blueness, Arrow, Riviera, El Mundo, Bafana, Giant, Arsenal, Arizona, Manitou, Panther, Colomba, Lucinda, Zhukovsky Early, Luck, Br 808, Effect , Aspia, Meteor, Krasnoyarsk, Early, Mozart, Morning, Labadia, Sifra, Cosmos, Picasso, Romano, Prestige, Zekura, Rosara, Latona, Sokolsky, Crown, Bellarosa, Rosanna, Corolle, Courage, Slavyanka, Povin, Red Lady, Handsome, Bryansk, Novelty, Ilyinsky, Wizard, Santana, Ramos, Aurora, Ladoga, Ryabinushka, Torch, Prince, Valise, Hermes, Dina, Neptune, Odysseus, Robust, Innovator, Victory, Olympus, Bullfinch, Naiad, Rosalind, Vineta, Zhivitsa, Dolphin, Lapis Lazuli, Archidea, Lakomka
North Caucasian	Lorch, Volzhanin, Iskra, Lugovskoy, Lasunak, Bryansk, Early, Mondeo, Crisper, Blueness, El Mundo, Bafana, Arsenal, Arizona, Manitou, Panther, Colomba, Lucinda, Zhukovsky Early, Luck, Vr 808, Musinsky, Salin, Leoni , Labella, Primadonna, Mozart, Picolo Star, Labadia, Rodriga, Elizabeth, Zekura, Rosara, Nalchiksky, Zolsky, Rosanna, Maestro, Alova, Ipatovsky, Evgenia, Kislovodsky, Red Lady, Duckling, Lina, Wizard, Valentina, Vitesse, Ramos , Radonezh, Aurora, Ryabinushka, Hermes, Alvara, Lady Claire, Piedmont, Aroza, Goryanka, Red Rose, Colette, Rosalind, Vineta, Nart 1, Russian Souvenir
Middle Volga	Lorch, Volzhanin, Penza Skorospelka, Adretta, Desiree, Svitanok Kievsky, Bronnitsky, Lyudmila, Resource, El Mundo, Bafana, Zhukovsky Early, Luck, Hand, Caruso, Natasha, Pushkinets, Leoni, Labella, Mother, Labadia, Nikulinsky, Opal, Rodriga, Madam, St. Petersburg, Zekura, Rosara, Miranda, Sprint, Jeanne, Red Lady, Duckling, Ilyinsky, Asterix, Enchanter, Karatop, Liu, Ramsay, Valentina, Vershininskiy, Vitesse, Ramos, Radonezhsky, Aurora, Ladoga, Ryabinushka, Zhigulevsky , Torch, Felox, Valiza, Zdabytak, Dina, Neptune, Odysseus, Aroza, Samara, Bullfinch, Tale, Victoria, Peter's Riddle, Vineta, Roko, Zhivitsa, Krinitsa, Archidea, Darenka, Russian Souvenir
Nizhnevolzhsky	Lorch, Volzhanin, Lugovskoy, Condor, Marfon, Sante, Zhukovsky Early, Christmas, Impala, Jarla
Ural	Lorch, Svitanok Kievsky, Lugovskoy, Sante, Lukyanovsky, Burnovsky, Zhukovsky Early, White Spring, Effect, Aspia, Belousovsky, Labadia, Nikulinsky, Madame, Kamensky, Skoroplodny, Rosara, Tarasov, Hope, Sappho, September, Crown, Bellarosa, Oredezhsky , Lina, Ramos, Daredevil, Alena, Antonina, Bullfinch, Tale, Spiridon, Naiad, Vineta, Leader, Lyubava, Bashkir
West Siberian	Priobsky, Ermak Improved, Adretta, Svitanok Kievsky, Lugovskoy, Narymka, Sante, Sarovsky, Kemerovo, Early Zhukovsky, Northern, Pushkinets, Christmas, Fresco, Irbitsky, Tanai, Sotochka, Meteor, Yuna, Early Krasnoyarsk, Nikulinsky, Kamensky, Zekura, Rosara, Charm, Anniversary, Kuznechanka, Sappho, Hostess, Tomich, September, Ketsky, Lina, Lazar, Karatop, Nakra, Valentina, Ladoga, Ryabinushka, Baron, Tuleevsky, Sunny, Daredevil, Sarma, Alena, Antonina, Red Scarlett, Aroza , Stemluk, In memory of Rogachev, Roko, Leader, Lyubava
East Siberian	Volzhanin, Varmas, Flight, Lugovskoy, Tulunsky Early, Northern, Pushkinets, White Spring, Tanai, Volcano, Mustang, Madeline, Krasnoyarsky Early, Yugana, Rosara, Kuznechanka, Sappho, Hostess, Lina, Nakra, Aurora, Tuleevsky, Sarma, Yakutyanka . Malamur, Alena, Antonina. Bullfinch, Borus 2, In memory of Rogachev, Rosalind, Lyubava
Far Eastern	Povirovets, Uralsky Early, Filatovsky, Adretta, Mostovsky, Svitanok Kievsky, Lugovskoy, Tulunsky Early, Sante, Dachny, Zhukovsky Early, Luck, Evgiria, Pushkinets, Christmas, White Spring, Fresco, Tanay, Volcano, Madeleine, Lilac Mist, Romano, Diamond, Elizabeth, Petersburg, Zekura, Rosara, Miranda, Kamchatka, Charm, Anniversary, Sappho, Tomic, Sineva, Sokolsky, Sprint, Sunny, League, Red Lady, Ketsky, Duckling, Snow White, Lina, Asterix, Enchanter, Nakra, Valentina Amber

Features of growing potatoes in different climatic zones

As already mentioned, the territory of Russia is very diverse in terms of climatic conditions. It can be divided into three major areas:

• central Russia;
• southern regions of Russia;
• Ural, Siberia and northern regions of Russia.

Central Russia

The best granary of the "second bread" is the Volga-Vyatka region, as evidenced by the rich selection of varieties offered for breeding. The climate here is temperate continental, that is, the heat does not really bake in summer, and severe winter frosts rarely scare. The soils are podzolic, so it is necessary to apply fertilizers, but south of the Volga, more fertile ones begin - from gray forest to black soil, which are quite easy to cultivate and facilitate air access to the roots of plants. Therefore, potato care is a standard minimum set:

• land cultivation;
• fertilizers;
• pest control (including Special attention should be given to the Colorado potato beetle).

In such conditions, almost any variety will develop and bear fruit perfectly.

There are no problems with soil fertility in the Central Black Earth Region, but the climate, which was previously mild, is becoming more and more harsh and arid, which is not very pleasing to gardeners. However, among the potato varieties for this zone, there are drought-resistant Picasso, Slavyanka, Nevsky, which should be paid attention to.

Spring comes to the fertile region of black soil in mid-April, but because of the winds, which are not uncommon at this time, the topsoil quickly dries up. Therefore, it is advisable to plant potatoes soon after plowing, so as not to lose moisture from the top layer of soil.

The Central and North-Western regions, although they are classified as a territory with a temperate continental climate, can only be called a potato paradise only conditionally. It rains periodically, the summer is rather short and does not always indulge in warmth. And the daylight hours are shortened. However, why are such trifles for a gardener when there is a variety of planting material pleasing to the eye? In order for the crop to ripen and be able to survive the winter without loss, it is necessary to choose medium early and medium varieties, pay attention to increasing the concentration of nutrients in the soil, especially nitrogen and phosphorus. Gardeners in these areas like the varieties Lorch, Early Morning, Magrita, Manifesto, Reserve, Serpanok, Povin, Santana, Barin.

In view of the high humidity and the risk of late blight, it is advisable to breed resistant varieties Lugovskoy, Luck, Charodey, and because of the possibility of frost and sudden changes in temperature, Impala and Latona will not be out of place. It is very convenient to select varieties of Russian selection by name. For example, Petersburg, Kaluga and Peter's Riddle speak for themselves and certainly will not let you down in the cold summer. To reduce the negative impact of waterlogged soil, you can plant potatoes in ridges above the main ground level in the garden.

Photo gallery: the best varieties of potatoes for central Russia

Potato variety Slavyanka will not let you down in any weather
Potatoes of the Serpanok variety practically do not need watering.
Potato variety Barin is suitable for growing on loam
Potato variety Charodey is resistant to both drought and frequent rains
Margarita - a promising, but not yet very well-known potato variety
The Manifesto potato variety is valued for its productivity and unpretentiousness.
Potato variety Santana winters without loss
A miracle from Holland - the Latona variety - can produce up to two and a half kilograms of potatoes from a bush

Southern regions of Russia

In the south of Russia, a fertile summer sometimes reigns from April to October. But the “earth apple”, although it comes from sultry Peru, does not like excessive heat. If the temperature is above +29 ° C for a long time, it threatens the appearance of small tubers, the bushes lag behind in growth. To increase humidity in autumn, digging is used to hold snow. Watering is required, otherwise good result you won't have to wait. Practice planting in furrows or holes to retain moisture. In connection with the general warming of the climate, breeders pay great attention to the development of heat-resistant varieties. Alvara, Kubanka, Nalchiksky, Manitou have already been created, and work in this direction continues.

Photo gallery: potato varieties for the south of Russia

Potato tubers of the Alvara variety on the cut - light yellow
Potato variety Nalchik bred in Kabardino-Balkaria
The Kubanka potato variety is unaffected by heat, and it bears fruit perfectly
Labadia is an ideal potato variety of Dutch selection for the south of Russia

Ural and Zauralye

In the conditions of the Urals, growing large crops of potatoes is quite difficult, but realistic. The climate is harsh, but the soils are good: rarely podzolic, more chernozem and dark chestnut, quite easy to process, because planting potatoes is popular there not with a shovel, but with a chopper and even under straw.

In the Far East, winter is long, summer is not hot and short, it was and is not. And the inhabitants of this region also want to indulge in potatoes. The predominance of loamy soils excludes autumn digging and plowing of the land. Just like in the north of the country, they practice planting potatoes on ridges to protect them from rain and stagnant moisture.

Previously, frosts in this area were normal at the end of May and even at the beginning of June, but the climate has become warmer there, so gardeners are trying to plant their favorite potatoes as early as possible. You should not be in a hurry to focus on the air temperature. Unheated soil for tubers is evil. They will freeze and the crop will fall to critical levels, in addition, such haste threatens with less resistance to diseases. Of course, the earliest varieties should be used.

For areas with a harsh climate, Khibiny Early, Pushkinets, Radonezhsky, Krepysh, Snegir, Antonina are suitable.

The old people give this advice: take off your shoes, stand barefoot on the ground and stand a little. Frozen - plant early. It is also advised to focus on the flowering of birch and poplar. The first earrings appeared on the white-barreled beauty - grab a shovel.

To protect seedlings from the Colorado potato beetle and frost, high hilling is used: as soon as friendly shoots appear, they are covered “with their heads”. This is only good for potatoes, and you can do this not only in the northern regions, but such early wrapping will be effective on loose, well-aerated soils. For loams, this method is not suitable: after rain, a crust may form and sprouts will hardly break through it.

Photo gallery: potato varieties for harsh climates

The bullfinch potato variety has very beautiful lilac flowers.
Potato Antonina - cold-resistant and productive, a godsend for Siberia
Potato variety Peter's Riddle tolerates cold weather well
Mid-late variety Sineva is resistant to potato cancer
A romantic name and excellent taste characteristics combined in Lilac fog potatoes

Potato world record holders

Buying an elite variety of potatoes, the gardener is sure that he is acquiring the “most-most”. But there is no variety in which all the positive qualities are combined at once, otherwise the whole world would grow only it.

The dream of any potato grower is tubers as large as possible

Yes, and the taste and color, as you know, not everyone is a comrade. But there are still record holders among potatoes, and most gardeners agree that:

• the best taste varieties are Adretta, Vineta, Sante, Symphony, Picasso, Tuleevsky, Korotop, Skazka, Impala, Jelly, Blueberry, Luck, Nevsky, Desnitsa;
• the now popular chips and french fries are excellently obtained from the Courage, Lady Claire, Monaliza, Hostess, Fresco varieties.

It should be noted that almost all new varieties of seed potatoes on the modern market are resistant to cancer and golden nematode.

Photo gallery: the most delicious varieties of potatoes

Fresco potato variety, when fried, is covered with a delicious crust
Wonderful potato Hostess is appetizing and unpretentious
Monalisa produces excellent crispy potatoes
Potato variety Courage is used for making chips and starch
Potato variety Luck - the winner in the nominations "taste" and "yield"
Potato variety Blueberry to the taste of people, but not the Colorado potato beetle
The Jelly potato variety is suitable as a raw material for the production of french fries
The Impala potato variety in the southern regions is capable of producing two crops per year
Potato variety Skazka can produce up to 30 or more tubers per plant
The Karatop potato variety is not only ideal in the role of everyone's favorite “crush”, but is also resistant to late blight
Tuleevsky potato variety is excellent in soups and mashed potatoes
Picasso's potato tubers seem to be painted by a brilliant artist
Potato variety Symphony is ideal for cooking
The Sante potato variety is good for baking, but it is not recommended to boil it.
Beauty potato Vineta loses its taste with an excess of nitrogen in the soil
Even frozen Adretta potato tubers do not lose their taste

The following varieties are considered the most productive:

• Gala,
• impala,
• Red Scarlett,
• Tuleevsky,
• Luck,
• Rosara,
• bellarosa,
• Romano,
• Roco.

Photo gallery: yield champions among potato varieties

Potato variety Gala produces up to 25 potatoes per bush
Potato variety Red Scarlett is one of the best yields in Russia
Potato variety Rosara forms even-sized, large tubers
The Romano potato variety, which is undemanding in care, has almost no “little things” when harvested
The Bellarosa potato variety has tubers weighing 800 g
Potato variety Roko may not bloom, but will certainly give fruit.

It is known that both the bush and the potato tubers are affected by diseases. At present, varieties resistant to many diseases have been bred:

• scab-resistant - Alena, Snow White, Lasunak, Resource, Temp;
• rarely suffer from late blight - Spring, Blueness, Nevsky, Red Scarlett, Timo, Luck, Nida;
• little affected by alternariosis - Adretta, Bronnitsky, Lyubava.

Photo gallery: disease-resistant potato varieties

Alena potato is resistant to common scab and rhizoctoniosis, but is affected by the nematode
Snow White potatoes are immune to scab and late blight
The Belarusian potato variety Lasunok does not allow either scab or Colorado potato beetle
Potato Resource is not afraid of disease, heat and drought
Potato variety Temp is resistant to scab and phytophthora
Potato variety Spring is almost not susceptible to late blight
Potato variety Bronnitsky does not suffer from alternariosis, and besides, it is prolific
Variety Lyubava is resistant to the causative agent of potato cancer

New varieties of domestic and foreign selection

Currently, there are many varieties of potatoes bred by Russian and foreign breeders.

Dutch guests in the Russian garden

Holland is not only a country of tulips. As it turned out, they also know how to create excellent varieties of “second bread”. Many of them managed to win the hearts of our gardeners, but the market is filled with new ones, no less attractive and interesting:

• Bafana - mid-late, high productive variety. The tuber is elongated-oval with small eyes. The skin is yellow, the flesh is white. The mass of marketable tuber is 105–156 g. The starch content is 14.2–16.2%. The taste is good and excellent. Productivity is high - up to 530 kg per hundred square meters;

  The Bafana potato has a strong skin and white flesh.

• Biogold is a very early variety for northern Russia. Productivity - up to 428 kg per hundred square meters. The tuber is oval, with small to medium depth eyes. The peel is yellow, the flesh is light yellow. Marketable tuber weight - 109–147 g. Resistant to late blight;
• Colomba (Colombo) - ultra-early variety. It has very beautiful, even, smooth tubers weighing 80–125 g. The taste is rated as “good” and “excellent”, a slight sweetish aftertaste is noted, but the biggest advantage is the location of the eyes on the poles, which is used with benefit when planting. When cooking and frying, it does not boil soft, ideal for salads. Productivity - up to 400 kg per hundred square meters, moderately resistant to late blight, so it is not recommended to grow two crops per year;

  Colomba - new, pleasing high yield(up to 400 kg per hundred) potato variety

• Lady Claire is a very early variety for the Central region. The tuber is oval with small eyes. The peel is smooth and slightly rough, yellow, the flesh is light yellow. The mass of a marketable tuber is 82–107 g. The starch content is 11.6–16.2%. The taste is satisfactory and good. Productivity - up to 250 kg per hundred;

  The tubers of the Lady Claire potato variety have delicious light yellow flesh.

• Lucinda is a late, very productive variety (up to 550 kg per hundred square meters) for the southern regions, it tolerates drought well. The tuber is oval with small eyes, the skin and flesh are yellow. The mass of a marketable tuber is 98–121 g. The starch content is 11.9–15.9%. The taste is good;
• Sagitta is a medium-early, high-yielding variety (up to 400 kg per hundred square meters). The tuber is oval with small eyes. Skin and flesh are yellow. The mass of a marketable tuber is 93–165 g. The starch content is 13.8–18.5%. The taste is good and excellent. Resistant to late blight;
• Yarla is a very early and high-yielding variety (up to 650 kg per hundred square meters). Short-oval tuber with yellow skin, light yellow flesh. The mass of a marketable tuber is 84–312 g. The starch content is 11.9–18.0%, at the level of the standard. The taste is good. Weakly affected by scab and late blight.

  The early ripe table variety of Jarla potato has light yellow flesh.

New from Germany

Potato varieties of German selection are characterized by high yields:

• Akseniya is an early high-yielding variety. The tuber is elongated-oval with small eyes. Skin and flesh are yellow. The mass of a marketable tuber is 82–122 g. The starch content is 12.2–13.0%. The taste is good. Marketability - 85–98%. The yield reaches 500 kg per hundred;
• Agatha is an early ripe variety. The yield is good (more than 250 kg can be harvested from one hundred square meters), but it strongly depends on the fertility of the soil; with timely top dressing, it can double. Agatha grows well in clay soils in cold climates;

  Potato variety Agata grows well on clay soils in areas with a cold climate.

• Bernina is a mid-season hybrid. The tuber is elongated-oval with small to medium depth eyes. The skin is yellow. The flesh is dark yellow. The mass of a marketable tuber is 112–142 g. The starch content is 12.1–15.2%. The taste is good. Productivity up to 700 kg per hundred;
• Wendy is a table, mid-early, high-yielding variety with beautiful oval-shaped tubers. Resistant to mechanical damage and many diseases, including late blight and nematode. Adapts to soil and climate. The starch content is 12–13%. The mass of marketable tubers is 92–120 g. Productivity is 350–400 kg per hundred square meters;

  Wendy potato tubers are resistant to mechanical damage

• Willow is a mid-season variety. The maximum yield is 337 kg per hundred square meters. The tuber is oval-round with small to medium depth eyes. The skin and flesh are yellow. The mass of a marketable tuber is 95–140 g. The starch content is 15.6–16.0%. The taste is good;
• Vega is an early ripe, high-yielding (up to 480 kg per hundred) variety. The tuber is oval with very small eyes. The skin is yellow. The flesh is dark yellow. The mass of a marketable tuber is 87–120 g. The starch content is 10.1–15.9%. The taste is good;

  Mid-season potato variety Vega forms beautiful oval-shaped tubers

• Koroleva Anna is an early ripe variety of German selection, yield - up to 500 kg/hundredth. The tuber is elongated-oval with very small eyes. Skin and flesh are yellow. The mass of a marketable tuber is 84–137 g. The starch content is 13.1–14.4%. The taste is excellent;
• Labella is a German early maturing and drought-resistant variety. Maximum yield - up to 350 kg per hundred square meters. The tuber is elongated-oval with eyes of medium depth. Red skin, yellow flesh. Marketable tuber weight - 78–102 g. Starch content - 15.8%. The taste is excellent;

  Potato variety Labella bears fruit in heat and drought

• Capri is an ultra-early variety, not yet very common. Productivity - up to 250 kg per hundred, tubers are large (100–120 g), with yellow skin and pulp, excellent taste, without large eyes;
• Nandina is a new variety. The shape of the tuber is oval, the eyes are small, the flesh is yellowish, strong, excellent taste, accumulates useful substances early. Tuber weight - 72–132 g. The peel is smooth, sandy in color. Yields reach 200 kg per hundred square meters, the maximum can reach 330 kg. Like Red Sony, the need for nitrogen is reduced;
• Red Sonya is a promising variety. Ripening is very early. Oval tubers with red skin and yellowish strong flesh, weighing from 80 to 120 g. Average yield - up to 330 kg per hundred, maximum - up to 380. Resistant to wrinkled mosaic and leaf curl, moderately to late blight. Has a reduced need for nitrogen, resistant to mechanical damage.

  Potato variety Red Sonya consumes little nitrogen from the soil, without losing yield

Achievements of Russian breeders

In Russia, varieties are grown, zoned by region:

• Openwork is a medium early variety. The tuber is elongated-oval with small eyes. The peel is red, the flesh is light yellow. The mass of a marketable tuber is 98–135 g. The starch content is 13.7–16.4%. The taste is good and excellent. Productivity - up to 300 kg per hundred;
• Alekseevsky - mid-season variety. The tuber is oval-round with small eyes. The peel is partially red, the flesh is creamy. The mass of a marketable tuber is 92–178 g. The starch content is 15.4–18.8%. The taste is good and excellent. Productivity - up to 350 kg per hundred;
• Avrora - mid-season, high-yielding, collection - up to 390 kg per hundred square meters. The color of the pulp is light cream, the taste is high. The tuber is oval, with small red eyes. The variety is drought tolerant;
• Aramis is a mid-season variety. The tuber is oval-round with eyes of medium depth. The skin is yellow. The flesh is light yellow. The mass of a marketable tuber is 98–156 g. The starch content is 14.2–15.7%. The taste is excellent. Productivity - up to 320 kg per hundred square meters. Suitable for cultivation in Siberia;
• Barin is a mid-season variety with excellent taste. The tuber is elongated. The peel is light beige, the flesh is white. The mass of a marketable tuber is 90–125 g. The starch content is 13.4–14.6%. Maximum yield - 380 kg per hundred;
• Ilona is a new promising variety of Russian breeding. Quickly forms aligned, marketable tubers with excellent taste, universal use. The size of the tuber is medium, the shape is oval or elongated-oval, the peel is light, beige-yellow. pulp white color, starchy, crumbly, has an excellent taste;

  A feature of the Ilona potato variety is the ability to form beautiful, aligned tubers

• Irbitsky - mid-season variety. The maximum yield is 468 kg per hundred square meters. The tubers are large (108–185 g), rounded, with small eyes. The peel is red, the flesh is light yellow. The starch content is 13.0–16.5%. The taste is good;
• Kazachok is a medium-late variety, suitable for growing on Far East. The maximum yield is 385 kg per hundred square meters. The tuber is rounded with small eyes. Skin and flesh are yellow. The mass of a marketable tuber is 80–116 g. The starch content is 12.6–13.9%. The taste is excellent;
• Meteor is an ultra-early variety, one of the record holders in terms of yield and large fruit. The mass of the tuber reaches 150 g, and collect this potato from a hundred square meters can be up to 450 kg! The average yield result, of course, is less, about 300 kg - also inspires respect. The variety is in demand because of the taste, they say it makes the most wonderful fried potatoes. The skin of the fruit is thin, creamy, the eyes are of medium depth, the flesh is not very dense. Distributed in the central region, grows well on loams;

  Meteor potatoes are good for frying

• Milena is a new promising variety, yielding up to 500 kg per hundred square meters, ultra-early. The tubers are oval or round-oval, aligned in weight and size. The peel is light yellow or cream, monophonic, thin, smooth. The eyes are superficial, small, inconspicuous, uncolored. The flesh on the cut is white or cream. The starch content ranges from 11 to 14%;
• Ryabinushka is a mid-early variety. Included in the State Register for the Northern, Northwestern, Central and Middle Volga regions. The tuber is oval with small eyes. The peel is smooth, red, the flesh is creamy. The mass of a marketable tuber is 91–133 g. The starch content is 11.9–15.0%. The taste is good. The variety is resistant to late blight. Productivity - up to 400 kg per hundred;

  Mid-early variety Ryabinushka forms tubers weighing more than 100 g

• Charoite - recommended for the Northwest region. Plant of medium height, semi-spreading, lilac corolla, light yellow flesh and peel, high starch content (14–17%) and excellent taste, slightly yellow tuber color, average weight - 100–130 g. Productivity - 320–370 kg from 100 m 2;

  Charoit potatoes have light skin and flesh

• Krasa is a mid-early variety for the Central region. The maximum yield is 443 kg per hundred square meters. The tuber is elongated-oval with small eyes. The peel is red, the flesh is light yellow. The mass of a marketable tuber is 95–140 g. The starch content is 13.5–15.6%. The taste is good and excellent.

Video: description of potato varieties of German, Dutch and Kemerovo selection

Gifts of Belarus

Belarusian varieties of potatoes are popular not only at home, but also in many countries where the cultivation of this vegetable crop is widespread:

Varieties from other manufacturers

Video: popular potato varieties

The history of potato cultivation goes back thousands of years, but people have recently learned to use this precious vegetable for their own benefit. maximum benefit. A variety of modern varieties of potatoes will satisfy any gourmet and delight gardeners with a generous harvest - you just need to know and follow the rules for selecting varieties and take the time to care for the plants. And then the tubers, which were once hated and called "damn", will become for us truly a gift from heaven.

More than 260 varieties of potatoes are grown in Russia. They differ among themselves in the group of ripeness, yield and resistance to diseases. Early varieties of potatoes are especially popular with gardeners in Russia, due to their short ripening time.

These varieties begin to actively grow and develop as soon as the earth warms up to +10 ° C. Harvesting the first crop can begin after flowering. During this period, tubers with a very thin skin ripen. The fruit quickly loses moisture, so it can not be stored for a long time. Such potatoes are eaten or sold on the market in summer time. When the peel gets stronger (usually August - September), you can harvest the main crop for long-term storage in winter.

The best varieties of early potatoes that are cultivated in Russia are:

• RedScarlet;
• Bellarosa;
• Gala;
• Adretta;
• Karatop;
• Zhukovsky early.

Experienced gardeners use several early potato varieties for planting. Firstly, under different weather conditions, each variety behaves in its own way. And it is difficult to predict which one will give the best result. Secondly, for cooking it is also desirable to use different varieties: for salad better fit hard variety, and for mashed potatoes it is better to take potatoes that boil well.

An early high-yielding table variety imported from Holland. The ripening period for Red Scarlet potatoes is 45–70 days. Main characteristics:

• Root crops are large, elongated-oval, weighing 85–120 g. The peel is red, the surface is smooth, with shallow eyes.
• The flesh is yellow, does not darken with mechanical damage. Color after heat treatment does not change. During the cooking process, Red Scarlet potatoes do not tend to darken and do not boil.
• The starch content is 10–15%.
• Good resistance to drought, (viruses, golden potato nematode, late blight, leaf curl, potato cancer).
• Productivity - 400 c/ha.
• Well kept in winter.

To ensure high yields of Red Scarlet potatoes, it is necessary to loosen the soil well in the area where the tubers are located for the unhindered penetration of moisture and air. This favorably affects the formation of a good root system and powerful tops.

A high-yielding early variety bred by German breeders. The ripening period from planting to harvest is 45-60 days. The main characteristics of potato Bellarosa:

• The tubers are large, oval, weighing about 200 g. The peel is pink, the surface is rough, with a small number of small eyes.
• The pulp is yellowish, does not darken when cooked, has a low susceptibility to mechanical damage. The potato variety Bellarosa is well boiled soft, has a medium-sweet taste.
• The starch content is 15.7%.
• Very high resistance to diseases (viruses, nematode, potato cancer, leaf curl) and drought.
• The yield is 400 q/ha.
• Potato keeping quality is good.

In more southern areas, 2 crops of the Bellarosa potato variety can be harvested per season. To do this, after harvesting the first crop in early July, you can plant the vacant plots again. The second crop should ripen in early September.

Potato variety Gala

Early maturing variety. It takes 70-80 days from planting to harvest. Description of potatoes Gala:

• Medium-sized root crops, weighing 100-120 g, have a round-oval or oval shape. The peel is yellowish, the surface is smooth, with shallow eyes.
• The color of the pulp varies from light yellow to dark yellow. Has good taste. During cooking, it does not boil soft and does not darken.
• The starch content is low 11–13%, therefore it is suitable for diet food.
• One of the main characteristics of the Gala potato variety is its good resistance to mechanical damage and scab.
  However, plants are prone to rhizoctoniosis fungus, and therefore require mandatory dressing;
• Productivity - 340–600 kg / ha;
• Well preserved in winter.

Medium-early high-yielding table variety, brought to Russia from Germany. Ripening occurs 60-80 days after planting. The main characteristics of the potato variety Adretta:

• The tubers are oval in shape, weighing 120-140 g. Peel yellow color, with sparse small eyes.
• The flesh is pale yellow, with excellent taste. It melts well when cooking.
• The starch content is average - about 16%.
• The Adretta variety has an increased resistance to many diseases, pests, rot and low temperatures. However, it is susceptible to such diseases: scab, rhizoctoniosis, late blight and blackleg.
• The yield is 450 q/ha.
• Suitable for long term storage.

Since the Adretta potato variety is medium early, it is advisable not to overexpose it in the soil in order to avoid rotting of the tubers during the period of heavy autumn rains.

Grade Karatop

Early ripe high-yielding table variety. From planting to ripening takes 50-70 days. The main characteristics of the Karatop potato variety:

• The tubers are small, oval-round in shape, weighing 90–100 g. The peel is yellow, the surface is smooth, with small eyes.
• The flesh is pale yellow, with good taste. The Karatop potato variety retains a relatively firm structure after cooking and a pleasant yellow color.
• The starch content is 14.4%.
• High resistance to viral and other diseases (nematode, potato cancer).
• Productivity - 450 c/ha.
• Has good keeping quality.

For a good yield, it is advisable to plant the Karatop potato variety in the area where legumes and grasses used to grow, and lupine on sandy soils.

Potato variety Zhukovsky early

An early early ripening table potato variety bred by domestic breeders. The ripening period is 60 days. The main characteristics of potatoes Zhukovsky early:

• The tubers are large, oval, weighing 100–150 g. The surface is smooth, light pink or beige, with a few pink eyes.
• The flesh is white, does not darken when cut. Potato early Zhukovsky does not boil soft and is suitable for frying.
• Starch content - 15%.
• Particularly unpretentious and resistant to most diseases (nematode, scab, rhizoctoniosis). High resistance to drought and low temperatures.
• The yield is 380 q/ha.
• With moderate humidity and temperature, it can persist until mid-spring.

Early Zhukovsky potatoes can be planted as early as April. However, to protect against frost and to increase the temperature of the soil, it is advisable to cover the planted potatoes with agrofibre. When the threat of frost has passed and the air temperature rises, the cover is removed.

Obviously, planting early varieties of potatoes has a number of undeniable advantages.

1. The probability of combining the biological properties of the variety with suitable weather conditions. Potatoes do not succumb to the harmful effects of drought at the end of summer.
2. Young plants do not have time to be damaged by the Colorado potato beetle, and mature plants are carriers of viral diseases (aphids, cicadas).
3. A small amount of chemical treatments. As a result, pollution of the environment and potatoes with pesticides is reduced, as well as the cost of goods.
4. Limited number of labor intensive .

However, by planting only varieties of early ripening, you can lose without guessing the weather. Therefore, it is recommended to allocate 50% of the plot for early potatoes, and plant the rest evenly with mid-ripening and mid-late varieties.

Planting early potatoes - video

Every person from of Eastern Europe and not only at least once in my life I tried a potato dish.

This is a truly universal product, because if you have potatoes in the cellar, you can spend the whole winter and not know grief.

But still the most delicious and healthy meals are obtained from the bulb that has just been dug out of the ground.

That is why young potatoes are so appreciated not only by agronomists, but also by culinary specialists who use such potatoes as a side dish.

There are a lot of varieties of early potatoes, but among them the best ones can be distinguished - those that take root in any soil and in any weather will give an excellent harvest.

Variety "Arosa"

A variety of potatoes, which was bred by German agronomists in 2009. The variety is early, as it ripens in just 70-75 days.

The bushes are beautiful, medium height, semi-erect, with a beautiful red-violet flowering.

The tubers are oval-shaped, slightly elongated, with a red-pink skin and shallow large eyes. The pulp of this potato variety is yellow, very tasty, the starch content in it does not exceed 14%.

One potato can weigh 70 - 150 g, and 15 - 16 pieces of such potatoes can grow on one bush.

This variety is considered one of the most productive, because at good care up to 70 tons of potatoes can be obtained per hectare of land.

Outwardly these fruits look very attractive, so the percentage of the crop that can be sold is 94 - 96%. In terms of sustainability, this variety excels.

Immunity to drought, nematode, cancer, viruses and all types of mosaic allows you to grow these potatoes even in the most unfavorable regions.

As for the application, these fruits can be used to prepare a variety of dishes, including french fries.

This variety is unpretentious to the level of soil fertility and its composition. It is desirable to prepare this potato for planting, that is, warm it in the sun before planting it in the ground.

The planting pattern is ordinary, 35x65 cm. The depth of occurrence should be no more than 10 cm. The soil for potatoes should be loose.

This variety is characterized by "pulling" moisture from the soil, so there is no need for additional watering of the bushes. You also need to fertilize the bushes to get good harvest. To prevent the development of phytophthora bushes, about 2 weeks before harvest, all tops will need to be removed.

Sort "Alena"

The variety is very early, after 45 days after germination, you can harvest the first crop.

Spreading bushes, not very tall, with red-violet flowering. Tubers are oval, dense, with a red, smooth skin and small or medium-sized eyes.

The pulp is white, starch in it is not more than 17%, does not darken during mechanical action and cutting. The mass of each tuber reaches 90 - 140 g, 60 days after germination, the total yield is 200 centners per hectare. The number of products with a presentation is 97% of the total number of tubers.

This variety is generally not affected by viruses, scab and rhizoctoniosis. Phytophthora and nematode can slightly worsen the condition of potatoes.

Also, this potato has a tendency to form cracks during growth.

And another variety resistant to various kinds of mechanical damage, heat and lack of moisture. From the root tubers of this variety, excellent crispy potatoes are obtained.

The landing pattern is normal. You need to plant in late April - May.

Due to its unpretentiousness, the variety does not require special care. There is no need to water additional bushes. Be sure to loosen the soil and apply fertilizer.

It is also important to spray the bushes with drugs against various diseases.

Variety "Zhukovsky early"

An early variety that was bred from the Berry and Hydra varieties. The period of vegetative development lasts 70 - 80 days.

Potato bushes of this variety are semi-sprawling, of medium height, shoots are strongly branched, foliage is large, dark green, flowers are red-violet. The tubers are round-oval, with a pink skin, with a small number of small red eyes.

The pulp is milky white, with a good taste, the percentage of starch is 10 - 12%. The weight of one tuber ranges from 100 to 120 g. At the output, you can get 400 - 500 centners of potatoes from 1 hectare of land.

be kept this variety can for a long time, approximately 92 - 96% of the crop will be preserved. 90 - 92% of all root tubers have an excellent presentation, so these potatoes will be sold very well.

Diseases such as cancer, nematode, rhizoctoniosis, as well as scab will not harm the fruits of this variety. Also for this potato characterized by resistance to mechanical damage. Dining appointment.

Cultivation is expected to start in May. Landing is ordinary, that is, according to the usual pattern on standard depth. It is up to you whether or not to take potatoes out of storage in advance, but you need to remember that it is undesirable to break off small sprouts, since this variety germinates even at low temperatures.

You do not need to water the bushes of this potato. There will be enough rainwater. Necessarily need to loosen the soil so that oxygen flows evenly. Feeding and treatment against diseases are also needed as preventive measures.

Variety "Leader"

Very early variety potatoes, the tubers of which can be dug up already on the 45th day after the germination of planting material. Finally, the harvest can be harvested 70 - 75 days after germination.

Bushes of medium height, semi-erect, type - intermediate. The leaves on the plants are medium in size, green in color. The flowers are white. Tubers are oval-round, with a smooth yellow skin and small eyes.

The flesh of this potato is white, contains 12% starch, and is very tasty. The weight of one tuber is 90 - 120 g, the total yield is 207-248 centners per hectare. Commodity qualities this variety very high, bushes very amicably give tubers.

This variety is resistant only to cancer, nematode and late blight of tops and tubers can slightly spoil the condition of plants.

Landing should be planned for May, not earlier, otherwise the planting material will “freeze”. The landing pattern is ordinary, the depth is also ordinary. It is better to choose a place for this early potato where perennial and annual herbs, as well as leguminous crops, used to grow.

In the case of caring for these potatoes, it is imperative to carry out medical and preventive treatments bushes, as diseases can deprive you of part of the crop.

Variety "Impala"

A very early ripening potato variety from the Netherlands, after 50-55 days the tubers gain enough mass so that they can be dug up.

Despite the fact that this fruit of foreign selection, it perfectly adapts to growing in fairly changeable weather conditions. The bushes of this potato grow up to 70 - 75 cm in height, form an upright main shoot and 4 - 5 lateral stems, the flowers of these plants are white.

The tubers are oval, the peel is yellow, strewn with small eyes. pulp colored light yellow, very tasty, quite starchy (starch content - 15%). The weight of one potato can be 90 - 150 g, and there are 16 - 21 fruits per bush.

Disease resistance is quite high, since cancer, various viruses and potato nematodes do not affect this variety. But late blight of tops and tubers and scab can affect these potatoes.

Sometimes gardeners in the south harvest twice a season, which perfectly characterizes this particular potato variety. The yield is very high, one hectare of the field can be harvested from 18 to 36 tons of potatoes.

The use of this variety is the most diverse, the advantage is the absence of blackness after cutting this potato. This variety is perfect for commercial purposes, as with such yields, these potatoes look very attractive.

Potatoes of this variety will need to be prepared for planting, namely, let it warm up and germinate a little. But if the planting material has already sprouted in the storage, then you can immediately throw it into the ground.

Here the earth must be warm, otherwise the potatoes will not sprout. The landing pattern is normal. It also saves the dropping time and the proper depth of occurrence. It is at the beginning of May that it is advisable to dig in this variety, so that in a month and a half you can get the first harvest.

The peculiarity of this variety of potatoes is susceptibility to nitrogen, so the amount of fertilizer that you will apply during soil preparation for the next season should include a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer.

Be sure to cultivate the soil, the first time it is desirable to do this a week after planting. Hilling is necessary if the earth is dry and it is impossible to water the garden. The number of dressings should be reduced to 2 - 3.

Today there are about five thousand varieties of potatoes and every year their number is growing. The greatest interest among gardeners is early potatoes. Some summer residents manage to collect two crops of this vegetable from the beds in one season due to varieties that are distinguished by precocity. In addition, early potatoes have time to ripen and are harvested before they are affected by late blight. Let us consider in more detail the ultra-early, early-ripening and medium-early potato varieties on the market.

Ultra early

These are super-early varieties that ripen 45-55 days after germination.

"Ariel"

The growing season is 65-70 days, but root crops begin to be dug earlier. A variety with a yield per hectare from 220 to 490 centners (depending on the timing of harvesting). Under each bush, from 10 to 15 nodules ripen. The average weight of root crops is about 80-170 g.

They contain about 12.6-16.3% starch. These potatoes have a great taste and crumbly flesh that does not darken when cut and cooked. Suitable for cooking any dishes from this vegetable. The bonus of this ultra-early variety is good keeping quality (94%) and resistance to many diseases (scab, golden nematode, black leg, rot and cancer).

Did you know? The potato comes from South America. Its cultivation took place 7-9 thousand years ago by the Indians on the territory of present-day Bolivia. The ancient Indians not only ate it, but also worshiped it as a deity.

"Impala"

Received by Dutch breeders, recommended for the regions of the southern and central strip of the Russian Federation. You can dig on the 45th day from the period of germination, and full technical maturity occurs on the 60-70th day. The yield is quite high - 370–600 centners are harvested from one hectare. Each bush forms from 16 to 21 nodules under itself, the average weight of which is about 120–160 g.

Smooth tubers with a light yellow skin have an elongated shape, flesh with yellowness and excellent taste, which does not darken after cooking and slicing. The starch content of tubers averages about 14.6%. Great for all types of heat treatment - boiling, frying, stewing, baking.
Potatoes tolerate drought well and do not like too waterlogged soils. There is resistance to the golden potato nematode and potato cancer, it is not particularly affected by viruses and common scab, but it is resistant to powdery scab and rhizoctoniosis, late blight. It can be harvested for the winter, as it has a keeping quality of 90%.

"Timo"

The full name of this variety of Finnish selection. It is zoned for the Northern, Northwestern and Central regions, but can be grown in different areas. The crop ripens in 50-65 days, but young potatoes can be dug already for the fortieth day. The yield is 150-380 centners per hectare. The average weight of potatoes is from 60 to 120 g (depending on the time of harvesting).

Forms oval nodules of yellow or beige tones with yellowish light flesh inside, which has excellent taste, does not darken when cooked. Suitable for various heat treatment (frying, boiling, etc.). The starch content of this potato is about 13-14%.
It is unpretentious, tolerates both drought and an excess of moisture, can grow on different soils, but shows itself best on sandy ones. It has good keeping quality (96%), resistance to damage, but root crops begin to germinate early. It is not susceptible to diseases such as common scab, rhizoctoniosis, potato cancer, black leg. Not resistant to phytophthora and golden nematode.

"Riviera"

Bred by the Dutch, it can be dug as early as 45 days from germination, although it fully matures after 80 days. Recommended for the central regions of the Russian Federation, although it can grow in other areas. Productivity is from 136 to 366 centners per hectare (depending on the digging period). The weight of potatoes that have reached full maturity is 100-180 g. Forms oval nodules beige colour with cream colored flesh.
It has a good taste, it can be boiled and fried. Most delicious in the form of young potatoes. Contains starch ranging from 11 to 16%. It is characterized by resistance to mechanical damage and drought. Of the potato diseases, it is affected only by common scab and late blight, moderately resistant to black leg. Quite light - 94%.

"Uladar"

It was obtained by Belarusian breeders, zoned in the Central and North-Western regions of the Russian Federation, has positive reviews from Ukraine and Moldova. Young potatoes can be dug on the 50th day from germination, and reach full maturity in 70-75 days. Harvest per hectare in the state of technical maturity can be collected from 130 to 350 centners. The record yield for this variety is 716 centners/hectare. The weight of a tuber of technical maturity is 90-140 g. It has yellow-colored potatoes and creamy-yellow flesh that does not darken during processing.
It has a good taste, great for frying, but poorly boiled soft. Starch makes up a share of 11.5 to 17.8%. It is resistant to many potato diseases, but it can be affected by rhizoctoniosis, moderately resistant to leaf curl, alternariosis, dry fusarium rot and late blight. It can be harvested - keeping quality is 94%. Demanding on agricultural technology: fertilizing, watering during drought, the best yields are on medium and light soils.

early ripe

Early ripe varieties of potatoes begin to dig on the 60-70th day from the emergence of seedlings.

Important! To get the most possible harvest, you should choose varieties that are zoned in your area. It is best to determine in advance the keeping quality and culinary qualities of the selected variety, its requirements for soil, climate and agricultural technology. It is most reliable to buy planting material in specialized stores and at exhibitions.

"Alyona"

Russian variety, zoned in the Volga-Vyatka, Ural, West Siberian, East Siberian, Far Eastern regions of the Russian Federation. Fully ripens in 60-70 days. The yield per hectare is usually in the range from 172 to 292 centners. It forms 6-9 root crops under the bush with an average weight at full ripeness of 86-167 g.
It has an oval-shaped potato with a reddish skin and white (cream) flesh. Good taste, average digestibility. Suitable for soups, frying, chips. Contains starch in the range of 15-17%. Tolerates hot dry weather well. It is resistant to various potato diseases, but resistant to late blight and golden nematode. It is well stored, the keeping quality index is 95%.

"Anosta"

This is a Dutch variety, fully ripening in 70-75 days, with a yield of 240-300 centners per hectare. Recommended for cultivation in the Central region of the Russian Federation, but can be planted in other areas. Fruits weighing from 71 to 134 g. Forms potatoes with yellow skin and pulp. A good tasty vegetable, but most suitable for frying and chips. Starch content is in the range of 14-16%. Susceptible to late blight, scab, rhizoctoniosis, viruses and rot.

"Zhukovsky early"

Gaining full maturity in 60-70 days and can be successfully grown in many regions. It has a high yield - 400-450 centners of potatoes are obtained per hectare. The mass of ripened root crops is from 100 to 120 g. This potato has a pinkish skin and white flesh, well suited for frying and chips, soups and salads, but poorly boiled. Contain starch in the range of 10-12%. It is a shade-tolerant and drought-tolerant variety that consistently produces crops in various conditions. It has sufficient resistance, although it can be severely affected by phytophthora. Keeping quality - 92-96%.

Isora

The ripening period lasts approximately 85 days. Recommended for northern and central regions. This variety consistently yields 240-370 centners per hectare. The weight of one vegetable is approximately 87 g. The fruits are oval-shaped with a slightly depressed top. Smooth peel of whitish color, flesh on the cut is also white, many eyes. Due to the low starch content (11.7-14.1%), the pulp does not darken during processing. Taste properties are good.

Potato "Isora" is resistant to damage. Therefore, when digging, the roots are practically not damaged and the crop is harvested without loss. It is resistant to cancer and moderately resistant to viruses. Keeping quality at the level of 92-95% allows it to be stored for quite a long time. The best soils are loams, sandy loam, peat bogs.

"Luck"

Bred in Russia, it can grow in different areas and on different soils, but it is recommended for the regions of the middle zone of the Russian Federation. From each hectare yields 400-450 centners. It has oval-shaped potatoes with a blunt top and small eyes. It has whitish tubers with a smooth skin and white flesh. The growing season lasts 80-90 days. One vegetable weighs 78-122 g. Contains starch at the level of 11-17%. It has mediocre taste characteristics. Potatoes are distinguished by good keeping quality (84-97%). Unpretentiousness to growing conditions and resistance to diseases such as cancer, rot, scab, viruses make it quite attractive for growing.

"Arow"

The growing season lasts 60-70 days. Productivity - from 359 to 600 centners per 1 ha. The weight of one vegetable is about 80-120 g. One bush can produce from 7 to 11 root crops. Not particularly damaged and suitable for harvesting for the winter - 94% keeping quality. Root crops of this variety of Dutch selection have an elongated oval shape with a yellowish skin and cream-colored flesh.

It has a wonderful taste, does not boil soft, does not darken during processing and is used to prepare many dishes. Contains starch at the level of 12-16%. The variety is resistant to some diseases - cancer, scab, viruses.

mid-early

The harvest of mid-early potatoes begins to dig 75-80 days after germination.

"Amorosa"

Received by Dutch breeders and matures in 65-75 days. It has an attractive presentation and good taste. The harvest is quite high - 290-350 centners per 1 ha. The main thing: to monitor the provision of the necessary moisture. Forms oblong-round potatoes with a reddish skin and has slightly yellowish flesh, eyes small size. Dry matter is 19-20%. This culture is resistant to many diseases.

"White Night"

It ripens in the range from 70 to 80 days, and the entire growing season is approximately 108 days. With good care, the yield from each hectare is quite high - about 100-300 centners. The weight of one vegetable is approximately 120-200 g. The bushes form roundish potatoes with light skin tones, medium-deep eyes and cream-colored flesh. In its composition, the fruit has about 14-17% starch. It has wonderful taste properties. It is resistant to cancer, but can be affected by scab or late blight. Can be stored for a long time.

Did you know? Freshly squeezed potato juice is used in traditional medicine. It has enveloping and anti-inflammatory properties, therefore it is used to treat peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodenum, to reduce the level of acidity in gastritis. This is an excellent remedy for heartburn.

"Visa"

The variety of the Russian selection "Viza" has a period of crop formation of about 70-80 days. Recommended for the Northern, Northwestern, Volga-Vyatka regions. At proper care per hectare it turns out to harvest 170–326 centners. The maximum yield is 466 centners/ha. Roundish root crops have a smooth skin of a reddish color, the flesh is slightly yellow in color, the eyes are medium in depth. The weight of one vegetable is approximately 72-120 g, and the presence of starch is about 14-19%. Suitable for storage - keeping quality 89%. Has good taste. The variety is quite resistant to many potato diseases.

"Lileya"

It is a variety of Belarusian selection, zoned in the North-Western, Central and Volga-Vyatka regions of the Russian Federation. The growing season is 65-70 days. High yield - about 400 centners / ha. The largest harvest that was recorded was 760 centners/ha. From each bush of this species, 8-12 tubers can be collected. Potatoes have a roundish shape of yellow tones, the flesh is also yellow. Mass of potatoes - 100-200 g.

Good taste, suitable for frying and salads, but poorly boiled soft. Recommended for long term storage winter period- keeping quality 90%. Resistance to cancer, late blight of tubers. Moderately resistant to leaf phytophthora, black leg, Alternaria, Fusarium. It can be significantly affected by common scab. Responsive to fertilizing with mineral fertilizers, it performs best on light and medium soils.

"Marfon"

This variety of Dutch selection is recommended for cultivation in the central zone of the Russian Federation, Ukraine and Moldova. The yield per hectare is about 180-378 centners. The weight of one vegetable is about 80-110 g, the starch content is about 10%. Quite large tubers have a good appearance - about the same size of an oval shape with a smooth yellow skin.

The eyes are located at a medium depth. The pulp on the cut is light yellowish in color, does not boil soft and has excellent taste properties. This species is suitable for creating stocks in the winter. It is resistant to various diseases, but it can be affected by leaf blight, leaf curl or common scab.

Did you know? Most of the world's potatoes are grown in China (95.5 million tons according to 2014 statistics). In second place is India (46.3 million tons). This is followed by Russia (31.5 million tons) and Ukraine (23.7 million tons).

"Red Scarlett"

This variety from Holland is very productive - about 600 centners / ha. The growing season averages 75 days. One root crop weighs 80-130 g. Oval potatoes have a reddish mesh skin, and light yellow flesh in the cut. The surface of the skin is slightly flaky and contains eyes about 1 mm deep. Contains starch about 13%, dry matter - 18.6%. It has good taste properties - practically does not break up during cooking, does not darken on the cut.

Suitable for any heat treatment and a variety of dishes. It is resistant to damage and deformation, as well as to re-germination. It is worth preparing: the keeping quality reaches almost 98%. It is resistant to drought and many diseases, but its tops tend to be affected by late blight.

"Romano"

This is a seed variety. It should be noted that the seed material does not lose its qualities and can be used for several years in a row. The fruit ripening period is about 70-90 days. Depending on the quality of the soil, from 110 to 320 centners can be collected from each hectare, and the most high yield the full growing season is 340 centners/ha. From one bush, you can dig up 7-9 large fruits, each weighing about 95 g. Forms potatoes of excellent presentation - approximately the same large size with a dense pink skin and medium-deep eyes, cream-colored pulp.

Important! For long-term storage of potatoes, it is necessary to provide him temperature regime in the range of +2-3°C, and the humidity should be 85-93%. The last indicator is very important - with a large amount of moisture, eyes begin to sprout, and at 70% humidity, the vegetable begins to lose elasticity.

It has an excellent taste - it does not have water content, and due to the low starch content (14-17%), it almost does not darken when cutting tubers. It makes a gentle puree, chips, it can be fried, boiled. "Romano" is suitable for harvesting and storage for the winter. This variety is resistant to many diseases and has the ability to germinate even if the soil is not moist enough, tolerates drought well. It shows itself best in the central and southern regions of the Russian Federation.
Many early varieties have excellent taste and good keeping quality, which allows them to be harvested for the winter. Early potatoes can be grown in the northern regions, and in the south, 2-3 crops per season can be harvested from it. Many early varieties are resistant to various potato diseases and have time to mature before the tops and tubers are damaged by late blight. All these qualities make growing early potatoes very attractive to many gardeners.

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Everyone has tried at least once a potato dish. This vegetable is perfectly stored in the cellar throughout the year, retaining its taste. However, potatoes that have just been dug out of the ground are considered the most delicious and healthy. That is why early varieties of culture are so valued.

All varieties of culture can be divided into two main types: domestic and imported. It may happen that imported potatoes will give a less rich harvest than domestic ones.

early potatoes

Culture can also be classified according to the timing of maturation. Maturation is considered a period of time from the first sprouts to the moment of harvest.

The early ones alone have several divisions:

• ultra-early 45-55 days;
• early ripening 50-60 days;
• mid-early 60-85 days.

Grows well in the south early and ultra early potatoes that ripen before the onset of heat.

Also, a vegetable can be classified according to the purpose of cultivation:

• table - used for cooking;
• technical - starch and alcohol are produced from it;
• fodder - used to feed livestock;
• universal - something between technical and stern.

Any early variety can be classified according to its intended use. Early potatoes are good for eating in summer.

Ultra early

Ultra early (super early) disease resistant, gives a good harvest and has short growing season maturation.

Need to plant early late April-early May as soon as the soil warms up to a temperature of 8-10 degrees. To keep the potatoes for a long time, you should wait until the peel becomes thicker.

Ultra-early matures in an average of 50 days. This potato variety is a real find for amateur farmers. The tubers contain many nutrients, are smooth, tasty and have a good presentation for sale.

The most popular ultra-early: "Riviera", "", "Timo".

Early maturing

Early ripening can begin to dig already after 40-45 days. Especially popular variety -. The tubers are large, even, elongated, and the flesh is creamy.

The only thing early maturing varieties have a small percentage of starch, during cooking they remain hard. Preparation for planting begins in early April, a month before planting in open soil. In early May, tubers with sprouts can already be planted in the soil.

The advantage of early ripening is that it is not susceptible to infection by fungus and disease.

The fruit has a beautiful appearance and has amazing taste properties. In the period of frost, wintering is well tolerated. In one season, you can have time to get 2 crops.

mid-early

Mid-early table appointments are intended for food and animal feed.

The fruits are ripening on day 60. Potatoes of this classification are well resistant to many infections, except late blight. Suitable for sale due to the aesthetic appearance. Has excellent taste.

Which variety is considered the earliest

Varieties of "forty days" are ultra-early and give the first harvest already after 40 days. after germination.

These include the following: "Bullfinch", "", "Luck", "Zhukovsky early", "Timo", "Charoit", "Meteor", "", "".

For different geographical locations

Potatoes grown in central Russia are tastier than in the south.

The right climate, rich soils contribute to a rich harvest. Planting early ripening makes it possible to get the first harvest in early July. Early ones appear already 50-60 days after planting.

For the middle band Suitable for Russia: "Friendly", "Ural early", "Luck", "Sosnovsky", "Belarusian", "Slavyanka", "Vyatka".

For the Moscow region must be resistant to diseases, unpretentious to climate change. It is recommended to plant: "Spring", "Zhukovsky", "Timo", "", "Lugovskoy".

For Northwest regions you need to plant varieties that are most adapted to soil and climatic conditions: Amorosa, Zhukovsky Early, Impala, Karatop, Latona, Prigozhiy 2, Fresco, Adretta, Christmas, "", "Aurora", "".

Description of potato varieties

Consider the most popular:

Name	Description
Alyona	The ripening period is 50-60 days. The first shoots can be obtained after 45 days. It has a high yield, the color of the skin is red, the color of the pulp is cream. It is preferable for cultivation in the West Siberian regions.
Ariel	The ripening period is 50-70 days. The first shoots after 45 days. You can get 2 crops per year. The peel is light yellow, the flesh is creamy.
Timo	The first root crops can be obtained in 45-50 days. The variety is suitable for cultivation on soils different type. Fully matures in 70 days. The peel is light, the flesh is creamy.
Karatop	You can harvest the first crop for 50 days. Vegetative period up to 65 days. It is famous for its good yield, disease resistance. The peel of the potato is light, the flesh is yellow.
Bellarosa	The first fruits appear after 45 days. Vegetative period - 50-60. The flesh is yellow, the peel is light pink, rough to the touch.
lark	Young potatoes can be dug up already for 40 days. The skin has a bright yellow tint, the flesh is pale lemon.
	Belongs to the super-early variety. Full maturity is reached in 65-75 days. Harvest can be obtained in 45 days. The peel is yellowish, the pulp too.
	The peel is pink, the flesh is creamy lemon. The average germination is 80 days.
	Suitable for planting in the North-Western, Siberian regions. The first fruits can be harvested after 55-60 days. The skin is pinkish-lemon, the flesh is white.
Lileya	Belarusian potatoes have a high yield. The peel is a muted lemon shade, the flesh is light yellow. A young vegetable can be tasted after 50 days.
Red Scarlet	The skin is bright red, the flesh is creamy yellowish. Gives fruit in 45-55 days.
Luck	The peel is yellow, the pulp is the same. The first harvest is obtained on the 45th day. The entire vegetative period is 65 days.
Uladar	A young crop can be obtained on the 45th day, the entire growing season is 75 days. Several fruitings per season are possible.
Bullfinch	The peel is pinkish in color, the fleshy part is cream. Ripening occurs at 45-55 days.
Charoite	The full growing season is 80-90 days. The first harvest can be obtained on the 60th day. The peel is yellow, with the same pulp.
Veneta	Unique German variety. The skin is smooth, dark brown or yellow flowers. The fleshy part is tender, light brown. Ripening occurs 50-55 days after germination.
Meteor	Gets along well in the Siberian regions. The peel is yellow, the flesh is also bright yellow. Landing is carried out in late April-early May. Ripening of the first fruits occurs after 45 days.
	It takes 60-80 days for the tubers to ripen, the first fruits are obtained on the 50th day. The peel is yellow, the flesh is creamy.
Riviera	Get fruits as early as 35 days after germination. The peel of the potato is yellow, the flesh too.
Rosara	An early ripe German variety gives the first shoots already on the 50th day. The skin is red, the flesh is yellow, the tubers are well stored for a long time.

Foreign selection

Among the most popular imported: "Bellarosa", "Red Scarlet", "Romano", "Impala", "Ariel", "Veneta".