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The distance between the rows of potatoes when planting with a walk-behind tractor. Planting potatoes with a walk-behind tractor - we simplify painstaking work with miracle technology

• Potatoes develop in the soil at a level no deeper than 15 cm. This is the parameter you should be guided by when choosing cutters by diameter.
• For those who do not know - they are installed instead of wheels.
• The loosening of the soil is carried out, as a rule, at the 2nd speed.
• The cutter leaves holes behind itself, so when moving in reverse side you need to calculate so that the left one falls on this "band". Otherwise, cultivation will be of poor quality.

Preparing furrows for planting

Motoblock is being re-equipped. Instead of milling cutters - lugs + a hitch is attached. To her, in turn, the hiller. When using a 2-row device, a distance equal to the width of the future bed is selected between the working parts (about 60 - 65 cm).

The area for potatoes is being marked. To do this, it is easy to put together a kind of rake from wooden slats(in the form of the letter "T"). In the "top" 2 "markers" are fixed, which will draw the ground. What to take, understanding the meaning, is easy to determine - thick nails, pieces of wire, bolts, and so on. Locations: 1 - in the center, 2 others - at an equal distance from it in both directions by the distance between the elements of the hiller (60 - 65).

In principle, there can be 2 or 4 "pegs". But practice shows that it is much more convenient to work with three.

Following, along these lines, a walk-behind tractor is driven. The hiller is adjustable in height with a hitch. The method of processing the site is similar to the loosening process already described (the "shuttle" method).

planting potatoes

Prepared, cut tubers are placed in the furrows. There is no single recommendation, since a lot depends on the potato variety, soil composition, climate and a number of other points. Although usually the distance between them is about 35 cm.

• Purchasing for a walk-behind tractor attachments, first of all it is worth choosing a hitch. And only then, “under it”, buy everything else to solve specific problems.
• There is an opinion that it is better to cultivate in a spiral. But, firstly, for a limited area, this is not very convenient. Secondly, there will be more work, since then you will have to further level the area with a rake.

23797 03/08/2019 5 min.

Owners land plotsin the spring a lot of worries. It is necessary to plow the land that has rested during the winter, apply fertilizers, plant crops, spud, weed, harvest and plow the land before the first frost.

The appearance of the walk-behind tractor solved many problems. labor intensive garden work now you can execute on it. This saves time and makes landing more efficient.

Preplant treatment of tubers

Preplant preparation of the root crop takes time and effort. On a standard plot of 6-7 acres, you will have to plant it in a shovel all day, but by connecting the equipment to work, you can do it in three hours. For small plots, they are popular.

To begin with, seed material is prepared. Preference is given to released varieties that give good harvests in certain regions. Sorting is done in order to select good raw materials. Potatoes are selected the same size.

Small tubers give a small yield. Large ones must be cut into pieces, and this provokes various diseases and opens direct access for pests. Germination takes about a month. For this, the seed material is placed in a warm (+12-15 degrees), light room.

If on fresh sprouts appear dark spots, which is indicative of a disease. Affected tubers are discarded. Before planting, soaking in stimulating and dressing substances is carried out. It is not recommended to place tubers in the solution for a long time.

Better put them on flat surface, spray with preparations and let dry. to plant root vegetables can be when the earth will warm up to +7, +8 degrees (in the landing hole).

Soil preparation

Pre-sowing work begins with the laying of mineral or organic fertilizers autumn.

Stages of preparation for sowing in the spring:

• Immediately before planting, plow the soil to the depth of a shovel bayonet(12-15cm). To do this, you need a nozzle - cutter.
• When planting potatoes under a walk-behind tractor Neva, the wings are removed from the unit before work. The equipment installed on the walk-behind tractor should be properly adjusted. This will ensure that the machine runs smoothly and requires a minimum of effort. A well-plowed field does not need harrowing.

For more information about planting potatoes with the Neva walk-behind tractor, you can watch the video online:

• harrow for saturation with oxygen and moisture. In a well loosened soil layer, crops sprout more amicably. At this stage, the walk-behind tractor will greatly facilitate the process of preparing the soil before planting the seed.
• Motoblock kit.

For plowing, you will need wheels with lugs, a set of rubber wheels, wheel extensions, a cutter, a universal hitch, hillers or a plow. If you are going to purchase additional attachments, you should first of all buy a hitch. The remaining elements are selected for it.

Technology

Tips for proper fit walk-behind tractors:

• The row spacing when planting potatoes with a walk-behind tractor should be from 55 to 65 centimeters.
• Furrows needs to be done even, this will simplify the care of the root crop.
• Before disembarkation, you can fertilize the soil.
• Spacing between tubers 25-30 cm.

Depth planting potatoes under a walk-behind tractor 10-12 cm.

When planting potatoes with a walk-behind tractor, make the distance between rows the same. Watch the track width, it should be uniform. When cutting furrows, try to make them even. If necessary, pull the ropes to navigate them.

Consider the main methods of disembarkation: using okuchnik, hinged element - , landing under plow, landing in crest.

For landing with help, wheels with lugs are placed on the cultivator. Good fit. Furrows are being cut. Potatoes will have to be planted manually. After landing, change the lugs to standard rubber wheels.

Changing the wheels is necessary in order not to injure the seed. The track width remains the same - 55-65 centimeters, and go through the furrows again. The walk-behind tractor will fill the row with earth and compact the seed.

Landing with a hiller is a less expensive option. In the configuration of the unit should be only metal and rubber wheels, and the hiller itself. The inconvenience lies in the manual planting of potatoes. For large areas under crops, a mounted planter for a walk-behind tractor is used.

This method is considered the least laborious. The unit includes:

• Conveyor- a kind of conveyor supplying seed.
• Furrower, for laying a furrow.
• Distributor, to serve potatoes at regular intervals.
• disc hiller, laying and falling asleep furrows.

We work as a potato planter

Thanks to the landing for the walk-behind tractor, you can save three times as much time than when planting with a hiller. The process is completely mechanized. Potatoes are simultaneously planted and spudded. The potato planter has its drawbacks.

First, seed should be selected more carefully. The tubers should be the same size. Young shoots are not very long. Otherwise, when disembarking, the seed is injured. Secondly, this landing method is more expensive.

Together with a planter for a walk-behind tractor, you can use a special device for simultaneous application fertilizer per hole along with seed.

We plant with a plow

It is necessary to install lugs on the walk-behind tractor and. The soil is prepared by loosening, using a cutter. The plow for planting is introduced into the ground to the depth of the shovel bayonet.

It is more efficient to land two people. The first one controls the walk-behind tractor, and the second one puts the potatoes in the furrow. The work is done promptly. At the first passage of a row, it is laid seed material. And during the reverse passage, the sown furrow is covered with earth from the newly plowed one.

Landing in the ridges

Planting potatoes in ridges with a walk-behind tractor is practiced in areas where ground water located very close to the surface. To do this, ridges should be formed with a walk-behind tractor, 15–20 cm high. The tubers are planted in a ridge. This option is only suitable for well-moistened soils.

Potato processing

Weeding

A week after planting, it is worth loosening the soil. During this time, a dense crust formed on the ground, preventing the germination of plant stems and the access of oxygen. Weeding is carried out weekly. This helps to fight weeds that negatively affect root crops.

Trailed grain harvesting equipment belongs to agricultural and is used to collect grain and leguminous crops. harvester is reliability, high quality and performance.

Snow removal equipment is ideal for owners of suburban areas, since snow removal is done on their own. By going to familiarize yourself with various models and characteristics of the Lynx snow blower.

Tracked and wheeled Challenger tractors are used in work in difficult terrain conditions on large areas for cultivating the land. The tractor is a reliable and smart assistant in work.

For weeding work, a rotary or mesh harrow, paws and a weeder are used.

Hilling

Shoots appear in 3-4 weeks. Now, after planting, you need to spud potatoes. A walk-behind tractor will help with this. Suitable for hilling one, two or three row. If desired, fertilizer can be added by installing an additional nozzle.

Harvesting

The walk-behind tractor is used not only for landing, but also for cleaning potatoes. By autumn potato tops dries up, and everything is ready for cleaning. You need to dig potatoes in August - September, in dry weather. For digging with a walk-behind tractor, a mounted plow or potato digger.

Motoblock has now turned into essential tool cultivation land plot. The unit is well worth the investment. How you can use walk-behind tractors, in addition to planting potatoes, can be viewed on the sites "Tips of an old plowman".

The choice of nozzles depends on the requests of the owner. The example of planting, hilling, weeding and harvesting potatoes shows how makes life easier use of a walk-behind tractor for gardeners.

The old-fashioned way of planting potatoes under a shovel is one of the most time-consuming. Field work go faster and require less effort if a plow is used instead of a shovel. At the same time, it is not necessary to buy a walk-behind tractor - it is enough to get at least a manual plow. Technology, advantages and disadvantages different types planting potatoes under the plow, we will consider further.

Soil preparation. Before cutting furrows, loosen the soil and remove weeds. The easiest way to do this is with a cultivator. small plot can be processed with a manual cultivator, for a large one you will need a walk-behind tractor with a mounted milling cultivator.

Rules for cultivating the land with a walk-behind tractor with cutters:

• you can not hang additional cutters on the walk-behind tractor. An independent increase in their number will speed up the work, but with high probability will lead to a breakdown of the gearbox, which is not designed for such loads;
• in order not to create an excessive load on the engine of the walk-behind tractor, the site is treated twice. During the first pass, the cutters are deepened by no more than 6–8 cm. During the re-processing of an already passed strip, it is allowed to deepen the cutters by 12–14 cm.

Compliance with these rules significantly extends the life of the walk-behind tractor. Often two passes with the cultivator are sufficient. No need to try to loosen the ground to a state of fluff, without a single lump, otherwise after the first rain the soil will dry out and become covered with a solid crust that does not allow air to pass through.

Manual plow for planting potatoes

A manual plow is a device consisting of a guide wheel, handles and the actual plow with a share V-shape. Such a plow is convenient to use as a hiller.

One of the most popular hand plow designs

To make the furrows smoother, the site is first marked with a marker. The gardener determines the distance between the centers of the furrows himself, but the row spacing should be at least 65–70 cm. If necessary, humus, ash are placed at the bottom of the trench, mineral fertilizers. Tubers are laid out at a distance of 25–30 cm from each other. Planted potatoes are covered with earth with a rake. The depth of the trenches is the same as when planting under a shovel: from 6 to 12 cm, depending on the type of soil.

Advantage of the method: tubers with long sprouts can be planted.

Disadvantage: landing takes longer than when using a walk-behind tractor.

Planting potatoes with a walk-behind tractor under a plow

To cut furrows for potato beds, one of two types of plows are used:

• single-hull;
• plow-hiller with a V-shaped share.

Some gardeners recommend putting lugs on the walk-behind tractor when cutting furrows, and ordinary wheels with rubber tires when falling asleep. However, metal lugs can injure planting material. If the soil is moderately moist and loose, all operations are performed with conventional wheels.

Planting potatoes with a single-furrow plow

This method is similar to planting potatoes with a horse-drawn plow. A single-hull plow is attached to an adjustable hitch of a walk-behind tractor. With the help of bolted connections, the plow is given such a position that the walk-behind tractor does not “lead” to the side, as often happens on virgin soil and heavy soils. It is also important to choose the right angle of attack of the plowshare: if the angle is too small, the furrow turns out to be shallow, if it is too large, the walk-behind tractor starts to slip.

Landing algorithm:

1. fertilizers and tubers are placed in the cut furrow. The distance between potatoes is 25–30 cm;
2. when the furrow is full, they pass the walk-behind tractor in the opposite direction and plow the ground with a plow so as to cover potatoes;
3. the next furrow is cut at a distance of 65–70 cm from the previous one.

Advantage of the method: high speed landing.

Flaws:

• a new furrow can be cut only after the potatoes in the previous one are planted and covered with earth;
• tubers that have germinated for more than 14 days should not be planted. It is desirable that the length of the sprouts be no more than 0.5 cm;
• the position of the plow is difficult to adjust due to the fact that when cutting and filling the furrows, the walk-behind tractor warps: one wheel rides on the land that has not yet been plowed, the other on the backfilled trench.

Planting potatoes with a hiller plow

A plow-hiller with a V-shaped share is attached to an adjustable hitch of a walk-behind tractor.

Landing algorithm:

1. furrows are cut at a distance of 65–70 cm from each other, which is approximately equal to the distance between the wheels of the walk-behind tractor. To make the trenches even, the position of the first of them is marked with a marker;
2. when cutting the next furrow, the walk-behind tractor must drive along the edge of the previous one;
3. planting material and fertilizers are laid in the furrows;
4. tubers fall asleep with the help of a walk-behind tractor, which is driven so that the wheels drive along two adjacent trenches, and a furrow is plowed in the center of the aisle with a plow (rubber tires do not damage the tubers). Such an operation is performed in every second aisle until the entire section has been completed;
5. the site is passed again, driving the wheels of the walk-behind tractor along the center of the filled trenches and plowing the remaining aisles. Thanks to this, each bed is hilled on both sides.

Advantages of the method:

• the next furrow is cut without waiting until potatoes are planted in the previous one;
• due to the fact that all the furrows are cut, it is possible, standing in the aisle, to lay potatoes at once in two adjacent beds;
• during operation, the walk-behind tractor does not warp, so the position of the plow is easy to adjust.

Flaws:

• the length of the sprouts should not exceed a few millimeters;
• due to double hilling, the tubers are at a depth of 12–14 cm, so seedlings appear a little later than when planted under a shovel.

Planting potatoes with a walk-behind tractor with a potato planter

A potato planter is an attachment with which furrows are cut, potatoes are planted and covered with earth at the same time. Planting material is located in a capacious bunker, inside which the conveyor belt moves. The tubers fall into the shaft, from where they roll out into the furrow. Some models of potato planters are equipped with hoppers for mineral fertilizers.

Advantages of the method:

• due to the fact that all operations are performed in one pass, this method is the fastest and least time-consuming;
• the sides of the mine can be adjusted according to the size of the tubers;
• tubers roll out into the furrow evenly, the gardener should not think about the distance between them.

Flaws:

• the tubers should be about the same size, otherwise large potatoes will get stuck in the shaft and be damaged by the sides, and small ones will slip out several at once;
• the method is traumatic for sprouts, so sprouted potatoes should not be planted ( maximum length sprouts - 1–2 mm);
• if you drive the walk-behind tractor too quickly, the tubers begin to scatter in all directions.

Foreword

Planting potatoes with a walk-behind tractor minimizes human labor in this difficult process. The use of a walk-behind tractor allows you to quickly, quality processing large landing area. Driving a walk-behind tractor is quite simple. The main thing is to properly adjust it and know the nuances of operation.

The walk-behind tractor is a small-sized uniaxial device with an engine, main task which is the simplification of agricultural work. In order for this technique to have a wide range of possibilities, it needs additional nozzle tools, one of which is the hiller. The main purpose of any hiller is the processing of a land plot. All other functions are highly specialized, depending on the specific model and type. One of the simplest is considered a hiller with an unregulated grip width, which has a standard furrow grip of 20-30 cm.

Okuchnik for planting potatoes

At the moment, a walk-behind tractor with this type is not very popular due to disabilities technology and ease of use. What can not be said about the hiller with adjustable working width. By choosing this type, you can adjust the width based on the size of your land, potato varieties and other details. In addition, such a hiller has a high performance. The only disadvantage of technology is high energy consumption, but it can be easily forgiven, looking at the merits. The disadvantage of the hiller domestic production often is that when processing rows and row spacing, the dug up earth rolls into the hole. The Dutch-type hiller helps to completely eliminate this minus, which significantly improves the quality of the landing.

However, experienced agronomists recommend using disk hillers. At minimum effort on the human side and energy consumption, they show high rates of productivity and quality of work. And when using a disk hiller with a plow, you can also make high ridges. Moreover, this technique allows you to additionally loosen and harrow (grind) the soil to right size. But do not forget, no matter what type of hiller you choose, you must definitely check its compatibility with your model of walk-behind tractor.

Planting potatoes with a walk-behind tractor is carried out only after thorough tillage, you must first plow the area, and then harrow it. Such manipulations allow saturating the earth with the maximum amount of oxygen, making it porous and breathable. We carry out plowing of the land with the help of a special cutter or plow. As for harrowing, chopping beds, it can be done both manually, if the area is not too large, or with a walk-behind tractor. Many modern modifications of this technique cope with this task one hundred percent, providing plowing of the earth to a depth of about 20 cm. With such deep plowing, harrowing becomes unnecessary.

Harrowing potato beds

One of the most popular models of this series is the Neva walk-behind tractor, which has 2 soil cultivation speeds at its disposal.

We begin to cultivate the land from the edge of the site. To achieve the same depth, try to plow an already cultivated strip of land. Some prefer to harrow the soil in a spiral towards the center of the field. However, this method has significant drawbacks, the main of which is the additional leveling of the soil with a rake. Processing along the beds eliminates this drawback and minimizes additional efforts. In this process, it is also important to mark the rows and keep free space row spacing, which should average about 60-70 cm (depending on the potato variety). When the holes are prepared, we proceed to planting potatoes with a walk-behind tractor.

In order for planting potatoes with a walk-behind tractor to be as successful as possible, you need to choose a method that would be ideal for your site. Whichever option you choose, remember that for good potato germination, the distance between seeds in a row should be at least 20-30 cm, and the planting depth should be 10-15 cm. If you use a regular hiller, you need to fix it on a walk-behind tractor, and then move the blades and increase the grip of the wings. This will allow you to maintain the most comfortable space between the rows.

Motoblock for planting potatoes

As for the rest of the preparatory moments, they will depend on the model you are using. For example, using a walk-behind tractor for landing Neva, do not forget to remove the wings and the main emphasis from it. But for the motoblock Firework you don't need to do this. It is enough just to attach the grouser wheels, maintaining optimal width 60 cm gauge. When the furrows are prepared, put potato tubers in them on the same distance from each other. The ideal "ruler" in this will be your standard step, which will allow you to plant potatoes as accurately as possible.

Next, we put rubber wheels on the walk-behind tractor, while leaving the original track width and the maximum gap between the wings, and fill the rows with potatoes with earth. So we do with all the rows, we reach the edge and turn around in the opposite direction. If the planting areas are large enough, planting planting material manually would be quite time consuming. In such cases, it is preferable to use a mounted potato planter. Thanks to a special design consisting of a furrower, a conveyor, a potato tuber spreader and a high-quality disc hiller, you will be able to plant and cover potatoes with fresh soil in just one pass.

We will tell you about the method of planting a walk-behind tractor under a plow. To get started, we put lugs and a plow on the equipment. We do not mark the garden, we immediately get down to business, cutting each furrow with a plow. When making a furrow, we throw potatoes into the garden, as the plow simultaneously unfolds one furrow and makes another, sprinkling the previous row with tubers with earth.

Motoblock with a plow

Many consider this method more convenient, because at the same time you can cut one bed and fill up another with earth. In addition, the beds under the plow are more even, as the wheel goes along the already cut furrow. However, others worry that with this planting technique, the lugs can go over the potatoes and break their integrity. You should not be afraid, the potatoes will remain safe and sound, especially if you land at the first speed.

After several months of intensive care, potato sprouts will sprout, and they will need to be hilled, adding the necessary amount of dug up soil to the tubers. For this time-consuming task, we will also use a walk-behind tractor with a two-row hiller. We put lugs on it, increasing the width of the grip to 70 cm, and, according to the familiar scheme, we let the equipment between the rows. The wheels go exactly along the beds, without touching the potato bushes, and base right amount soil to tubers. So we process the whole garden. When using a single-row hiller, we fix rubber wheels on the walk-behind tractor and also run it between the rows.

Potato beds

And in order to achieve maximum result from hilling, this procedure we carry out after the rain, waiting for the moment when the soil dries out slightly, but still remains quite wet. So you will provide the tubers with maximum access to oxygen, as well as get rid of weeds. If all the conditions have been met, then by the fall you will receive the long-awaited harvest. When the tops grow and dry enough, we proceed to the collection of potatoes, which can also be done using a walk-behind tractor. The main thing is that at the time of collection there was dry weather. Otherwise, the tubers will be raw and dirty, which may affect the duration of their storage.

Immediately before harvesting, we mow the tops with a regular scythe or trimmer. To make it convenient to dig up potatoes, you can purchase special equipment for this - a plower. However, if you do not have such a device, an ordinary single-row hiller is quite suitable, which we fix on a walk-behind tractor and additionally put lugs. As with planting potatoes, we put the cultivator in the middle, turn on the first speed and cut the ground. During this procedure, the potatoes remain at the edges of the beds. For the convenience of harvesting, we plow the beds through one, and then alternate.

To keep the potatoes longer and not germinate, lay them out in dark place, away from sunlight, approximately two weeks. After the tubers lie for the time they are supposed to, we sort them out in size and quality, and then send them to be stored in a cool cellar.

Planting potatoes and caring for them is a difficult and tedious process. Usually, the areas that are allocated for potatoes are quite large, so planting, hilling and harvesting potatoes takes a lot of time and effort. And, of course, this process should be automated. There are many devices that make life easier for a gardener. These are both mechanized devices and manual equipment. There are plenty to choose from, given the size of the site and financial possibilities.

Cultivators for planting potatoes

Devices for cultivating the land are called cultivators. The cultivator can loosen the soil, plow the ground, remove weeds, fertilize, plant, hill up.

Motorized vehicles used in household plots and farms, are divided into three types: motor cultivators, mini-tractors. They differ in power and volume of functions performed.

Motocultivators are divided into classes depending on the weight. Mechanisms up to 30 kg belong to the first class and are designed to work on large areas. Motor cultivators up to 60 kg belong to the second class, they work on large areas. Units up to 100 kg belong to the third class. For work on household plots, cultivators of the second class are purchased, nozzles are purchased separately.

Table: comparison of motorcycles

Photo gallery: types of cultivators

The cultivator is lighter and more maneuverable than a walk-behind tractor, it is used in small areas The walk-behind tractor has drive wheels, the most popular technique for a summer resident is a mini-tractor that can work on large areas, is easy to use, chief assistant farmer

For all types of cultivators there is a set of nozzles for performing various jobs.

Hillers are used to hill potatoes and create furrows during planting. Potato digger makes harvesting potatoes easier. With the help of mounted mowers, they mow the grass. A potato planter will help with planting potatoes. Pumps are used for watering land. Large tracts of land are plowed with a plow.

Hedgehogs for landing, equipment features

The hedgehog device consists of two parts, each of which is a set of disks fastened together at a certain distance. different size with spikes. These two disk structures are interconnected in such a way that they form an angle. The presence of an angle allows the movement of the cultivator to form an earthen ridge.

When processing ridges, structures are used both from one hedgehog and from several, fastened together by a frame.

Photo gallery: varieties of hedgehogs for weeding potatoes

The main function of hedgehogs is weeding, loosening, hilling potato plantings. Two weeks after planting, when there are no potato shoots yet, it is recommended to carry out pre-emergence processing of the field with hedgehogs. The hedgehog removes weeds with roots and loosens the soil. After such treatment, the growth of the root system is enhanced.

Hillers for landing

Okuchnik - a device for a cultivator designed for planting and hilling potatoes. This fixture can be single row, double row, triple row or more three rows. The greater the number of rows, the higher the productivity of the cultivator. Technique for using hillers with big amount rows should be more powerful.

Photo gallery: varieties of hillers

Single-row hiller for a motor cultivator Two-row hiller for a motor-block Okuchnik three-row for a mini-tractor

Hiller models come with a fixed or variable working width. With a fixed working width, potatoes are planted with a width between rows of at least 70 cm for easy hilling. If the hiller rebuilds the working width, then the row spacing can be any.
The technology of using a two-row hiller when planting potatoes involves the use of a marker for marking. The okuchnik is installed at the markup and the furrows begin to be cut. After the turn, one hiller can be lowered into the cut furrow, or you can continue cutting furrows along the marked lines. After cutting the furrows, the planting of potatoes begins. The tubers are laid in furrows at a distance of 35–40 centimeters, then the furrows are covered with earth.

mini planters

Mounted potato planter consists of several blocks:

• a small plow for cutting furrows;
• compartment for potatoes;
• special hillers for backfilling potatoes with earth.

Just like hedgehogs and hillers, the potato planter is homogeneous and multi-row. The use of one or another modification depends on the power of the equipment and the composition of the soil.

Photo gallery: varieties of potato planters

Single-row potato planter for a motor-cultivator or walk-behind tractor Two-row potato planter for a walk-behind tractor A four-row potato planter is capable of planting potatoes on an area of ​​2 hectares in one hour of work

To perform the landing, you need to replace the rubber wheels with grousers. When the potato planter passes through the site, all operations are performed simultaneously: grooves are made, tubers are laid, tubers are covered with earth. Simultaneously with the planting of potatoes, fertilizers can be applied if an additional device is used.

Landing by mini tractor

A mini-tractor is used in areas with any terrain.
Of course for small area this technique is not suitable, there is nowhere to turn around. Such a mechanism must be purchased if the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site is more than 50 acres. Mini-tractors are divided into light (power up to 14 hp), medium and heavy (up to 35–45 hp). With the help of a mini-tractor, you can perform the following work:

• plow;
• plant;
• cultivate;
• apply fertilizer;
• mow the grass;
• clear the site of debris;
• remove snow;
• fill holes and trenches.

For planting with a mini tractor, it is preferable to use a potato planter. The hiller is not suitable in this case, because the width of the furrows differs from the track width of the tractor, and during subsequent hilling the tracks will not match. Experienced farmers use an unusual technique. For the first pass, only two hiller bodies are used, placing them at a distance of 30 cm from the middle of the wheels. Lay out the potatoes. Then they add a third hiller, go along the first track and bury potatoes.

Devices for planting potatoes manually

Among hand tools we can distinguish a manual plow, markers and a manual cultivator.

A very convenient device is the Vyatka Plowman plow. Planting potatoes is done in this way. Furrow No. 1 is dug, tubers are laid out in it. They begin to dig a second furrow, while digging in the first. Furrow No. 2 is used for laying fertilizer. When digging the third furrow, the second one is covered with earth. Tubers are again laid in furrow No. 3. And the whole procedure is repeated. The row spacing with this planting is 60 cm.

The tool is height adjustable.

Another device for planting potatoes is a marker. Very helpful and handy thing. The material from which the marker is made is high-quality steel. The width between the cones can vary from 10 to 50 cm.

Hand cultivators are available for sale. By using manual cultivator"Digger (6 in 1)" can perform several types of work:

• plant and spud root crops;
• loosen, weed and cut weeds;
• sow the seeds of almost all agricultural crops;
• loosen the crusts on the surface of the ridge before planting.

Homemade equipment for planting and hilling potatoes, schemes

The range of home-made equipment for processing potatoes is huge. And although there are many devices on sale with which you can plant and spud potatoes, craftsmen are constantly creating new devices to facilitate and speed up work in the sowing season.

The simplest device is a marker. Its purpose is to mark the ridges in such a way as to make the plantings even and suitable for further processing by motor cultivators. For self-made markers, the distance between the cones coincides with the dimensions of the track of the existing equipment, which will subsequently be used to process landings. Homemade markers are simple and complex, made of wood or metal. The main thing here is how far apart are the cones that pierce the holes.

Do-it-yourself potato planting markers

Markers differ from each other in the number of cones for punching holes.

One hole marker

The simplest marker is a wooden stake about 90 cm high and 60–70 mm in diameter. At a distance of 15 cm from the tip, a crossbar is fixed perpendicularly. This is a stop to limit the depth of the hole. The places of the pits are marked with the help of cords.

Three hole marker

The marker for three holes is a frame and three cones. The distance between the cones is 450 mm. The cones are attached to the bottom bar of the frame with bolts that allow you to adjust the depth of the pits. Materials used:

• profile pipe 25x25x2 mm;
• aluminum or dense wood for cones;
• M8 bolts 40–80 mm long.

Marker with adjustable hole spacing

The distance between the wells depends on how the marker pins are extended.

To make a marker with an adjustable distance between the holes, you will need materials:

• water and gas pipe with a diameter of 60 mm, with a wall thickness of 3 mm, a length of 565 mm for a carrier beam;
• steel sheet 1.5 mm thick for conical elements;
• pipe 60x3 mm, 100 mm long for a cylindrical body;
• pipe 21x2.5 mm, 250 mm long for a marker;
• pipe 21x2.5 mm, length 330 mm for a retractable marker bracket;
• pipe 27x3 mm, 65 mm long for the guide sleeve;
• bolt M8x40 (fixing) - 3 pcs.;
• nut M8 (welded) 3 pcs.;
• pipe 27x3 mm, 120 mm long for the stand bushing;
• pipe 21x2.5 mm, 1500 mm long for a two-piece welded stand;
• bolt M10x20 (clamping) - 1 pc.;
• pipe 54x2.5 mm, length - 560 mm for a retractable bracket;
• cap - 2 pcs.

How to make a marker.

1. Make elements for punching holes. Weld the cylinders and cones (2 and 3) together.
2. Weld the post bushing (10), nut (8), two guide bushings for the brackets (6) and two hole punching elements to the carrier beam.
3. Weld two markers to the brackets (5).
4. Weld the third marker to the retractable bracket (12), fix it at a distance of 50 cm from the extreme cone.
5. Screw the bolts into the nuts (8).
6. Insert the post (9) into the bushing (10) and fix it with the clamping bolt (11).
7. Weld the end caps to the handles (13).

Photo gallery: varieties of markers for planting potatoes

Do-it-yourself shovel-harvester

Another device is a shovel-harvester. It is arranged in such a way. Two shovels in the shape of a triangle are attached to the handles. In a closed position, the shovels resemble a beak. The shovel goes deep into the ground by pressing the “beak”, the handles are reduced, the shovels open underground, a tuber is thrown into the resulting hole. Then the shovel is taken out of the ground without closing it. The tuber remains in the garden.

Photo gallery: shovel-combine

Drawing of a shovel-harvester A shovel-harvester is a simple device for planting potatoes

Do-it-yourself potato planter for a walk-behind tractor

Folk engineers even make accessories for motor cultivators with their own hands. Many authors who published descriptions of their homemade potato planters used drawings of factory-made units. The principle of operation of the mechanism is that when the mini-tractor or walk-behind tractor moves, the wheels of the unit spin, the axis with the leading star rotates. Above the leading star is a small star. The stars are connected by a chain. Cups are welded onto the chain to remove potatoes from the hopper.

Factory potato planter (assembly drawing): 1 - counterweight; 2 - unit; 3 - bracket; 4 - tensioner; 5 - conveyor; 6 - hopper; 7, 9, 16, 23, 24 - bolt; 8 - stand; 10 - sector; 11 - disk; 12 - ridge height; 13 - landing pitch; 14 - furrower; 15 - landing depth; 17 - hitch; 18 - gauge; 19 - bracket; 20 - drive drum shaft; 21 - conveyor; 22 - angle of attack

The frame for a homemade potato planter is assembled from channels. A bunker made of plywood or metal is installed on the frame, the bunker is equipped with a feed elevator. The elevator is assembled from special cups. The cups are fixed on the chain at a distance of 270 mm and move with the chain.

Photo gallery: feed elevator device in a potato planter

Drawing of fixing the cups on the chain

Materials for the manufacture of potato planters:

• metal corner;
• a tank from a Soviet washing machine;
• gear;
• chain;
• fittings;
• steel wire;
• channel;
• wheels.

What tools will be needed:

• welding machine;
• Bulgarian;
• drill;
• hammer;
• a set of keys;
• screwdriver;
• wire cutters.

Work order:

1. Cut corners and channel to size.
2. Weld the structure.
3. Attach the axle with the gear to the frame.
4. Make cups.
5. Attach the cups to the chain.
6. Weld vertical bars to the frame.
7. Install the wheels on the axle and tension the chain.
Potato planter ready to go

Do-it-yourself hedgehogs for weeding potatoes

Some farmers make their own hedgehogs for hilling potatoes. According to the principle of action homemade hedgehogs do not differ from the factory. For the manufacture of hedgehogs you will need materials:

• steel sheet 4 mm;
• steel strip 20 mm wide and 4 mm thick;
• a metal rod with a thickness of 8 mm in diameter and a length of 100 to 140 mm;
• inch pipe;
• metal rod with a diameter of 20 mm;
• steel strip 70 mm wide and 4 mm thick, 200 mm long.

To make hedgehogs, you will need tools:

• welding machine;
• cutting torch for metal;
• angular Sander(Bulgarian);
• set of locksmith tools.

The order of work in the manufacture of hedgehogs.

1. Cut two rings from a sheet of metal using a cutting torch. Outside diameter rings 300 mm, internal - 200 mm.
2. In a circle with a diameter of 200 mm, which remained from a large ring, cut holes with a diameter of 100 mm.
3. Cut out a third pair of discs with a diameter of 100 mm, in which holes are cut in the center for the pipe. The hole should be 1 cm larger than the pipe diameter.
4. Cut from a steel strip 24 strips with a length of at least 90 mm.
5. Of these, 16 will be needed to connect two pairs of large and medium discs, 8 (4 for each cone) - for medium and small.
6. Connect large and medium rings with jumpers (8 pieces for each cone), this should be done according to the marks made in advance. First, draw two diameters perpendicular to each other, then, turning the ruler 45º, draw two more lines at right angles. On small drives, 4 jumpers are sufficient.
7. Cut 80–90 pins 120 mm long from a bar with a diameter of at least 8 mm. Sharpen the pins on both sides at an angle of 45º. Remove sharp uneven edges and burrs with a grinder.
8. Weld 15 spikes on large rings, 10 spikes on medium rings, 5 spikes on small rings.
9. Bend the bracket on which the axis will be fixed. Weld the bracket or make 2 holes in it for bolted connections.
10. Assemble the device: the large rings will be inside, and the small disks will be outside. The distance between the large ring and the small disc must not exceed 170 mm. Insert the ends of the axles into the holes of the brackets. You can fix the axles in the holes with nuts (if the axle is threaded) or by welding.
11. Clean up all the bumps, paint the structure.

There are many devices for planting and hilling potatoes. The choice depends on the area to be treated. Many devices can be made independently. Each grower chooses the best option for him.