Cottage from metal sandwich panels. Sandwich panel houses are a great opportunity to quickly build a cozy residential building. We build a building from sandwich panels - a step-by-step guide
Today, sandwich panels have firmly taken one of the priority places among the materials used in the rapid construction various structures. Often these panels are used during the construction of buildings such as warehouses, offices, car washes. However, taking into account their qualities, it is quite possible to build private residential buildings based on well-designed special projects.
Sandwich panels make beautiful and comfortable residential buildings
House building sandwich panels and their advantages
When considering the possibility of using these for the construction of a private residential building, one should take into account their main positive characteristics, providing constant demand among those who are thinking about building a house:
- low level of thermal conductivity, which makes the house of sandwich panels extremely comfortable: in summer it will remain cool, and in winter it will be warm;
- the resistance of the polyurethane foam insulation often used in such panels to external influences - temperature changes, increased humidity, mold;
- a relatively small mass of buildings that does not require a solid and expensive foundation: the mass of a wall 10 cm thick and 10 m 2 in area is about 124 kg.
Sandwich panels with exterior trim elements
Sandwich panels should always be installed using such construction technologies, which guarantee the structure sufficient strength.
Construction of private houses from sandwich panels: how it is done
In the process of construction, any house made of sandwich panels goes through two stages, during which the box is erected and the house is prepared for living by carrying out finishing work in it.
The nature of the finish and the finishing materials used for this are determined by the customer.
Sandwich panel house: construction stages
To build a house from sandwich panels, a certain sequence of steps should be followed, the countdown of which begins with the owner choosing a plan for the future house.
The first step is laying the foundation for the future home
The construction of the foundation is a job that can be significantly saved if a decision is made to build a house for living from sandwich panels, which is explained by the relative lightness of the house structure made from panels of this type.
The foundation can be reinforced concrete, the thickness of which may not exceed 25 cm. It is installed on a lining of sand and gravel mixture with obligatory insulation from below and from the side of the basement.
A foundation of any type, including a monolithic one, is suitable for a residential building made of sandwich panels.
The second step is the installation of load-bearing profiles for panels
The supporting structure for the future home is made of profile metal different section. Preference is given to metal, because it is characterized by increased strength and sufficient lightness.
The third step is the erection of walls and the installation of a roof
The use of sandwich panels provides a very fast construction of wall structures with excellent performance characteristics and of great durability. Panels are fastened with self-tapping screws. On the walls erected in this way, structures are then installed that form the roof of the house.
Walls made of sandwich panels are installed quite easily and quickly.
As a final work, laying is carried out roofing material and finishing of the internal and external surface of the walls, which is chosen by the customer.
Any finishing materials can be used to decorate houses from sandwich panels.
Thus, using sandwich panels, you can quickly build a comfortable residential building. For those who choose this construction option for themselves, we want to clarify that the cost of buildings made of sandwich panels is considered one of the lowest today.
Other advantages of sandwich panel houses are described in the following video:
The widespread construction of houses from sandwich panels began to spread in our country relatively recently. Western countries This technology has been used for many decades for the construction of not only private low-rise buildings, but also for the construction of high-rise buildings.
In this article, we will look at what kind of material it is and what are the pros and cons of houses built using this technology?
What is a sandwich panel and what does it consist of?
The main idea of the developers of this material is to get a building element with which you can build a house quickly and inexpensively. The technology of building houses from sandwich panels allows you to get a full-fledged housing of any complexity, in a short period of time, using a minimum of material and physical costs.
The term "sandwich" itself has nothing to do with fast food. Since this building material consists of several layers of sub-materials fastened together, this name arose more as an association with burgers.
Sandwich panel is a three-layer construction material, made of plastic, metal and insulation (wood, mineral wool, polystyrene foam). Usually, inside there is a special filler, which is closed on both sides with a lining. The result is a convenient element with which you can build walls, ceilings and floors. Also, this unique building material is used not only for finishing walls and roofs, but also for high-quality insulation and sound insulation of the facades of finished buildings and structures, as well as for protecting them from fire.
Various materials can be used as a filler. Among the most popular options are the following:
- polyurethane foam- This is the most common filler for sandwich panels. The material does not burn or rot. At the same time, it is an excellent heater;
- Styrofoam- This is a less common filler option. Such panels are slightly cheaper than the previous ones;
- Fiberglass. Such a filler is used in those structures that will be installed in fire hazardous buildings;
- Mineral wool. Such sandwich panels are considered the cheapest. But even they are distinguished by their lightness, ease of installation and good thermal insulation qualities.
The outer layers can also be made of various materials. The most popular are OSB-plates and metal. In principle, both options are quite strong and durable. However OSB boards a little cheaper metal version. But the second option has a longer service life.
How are houses and cottages built from sandwich panels?
The responsible process before starting the construction of houses, according to the technology, is the creation of a solid foundation and a frame for covering it with sandwich elements.
The whole process of building a residential building can be divided into stages:
- Walling. The beginning of the process will mark the laying of the guide board, its dimensions correspond to the dimensions of the sandwiches. For the exact horizontal position of the board, builders use the building level;
- Installation of corner sandwich panels. The process should start from the corner. The installation of the first element is an important task; further work on the installation of subsequent sheets depends on it. The guide board is equipped with special grooves that allow you to securely fasten each sheet of the sandwich panel. Corner sheets are fixed with self-tapping screws. The distance between fasteners must be at least 15 cm;
- Installation of sandwich panels. After completing the finishing of the corners, proceed to the processing of the walls. The panels are fastened to each other with self-tapping screws, keeping the distance between the fasteners in height of at least 50 cm and carefully making sure that there are no gaps between the sheets. Using this technology, all subsequent sheets of finishing material are installed.
In the process of assembling houses from sandwich panels, there should not be a rush, all work is carried out gradually. It is important that, before fastening, each subsequent element is compared in size with the previous one in order to immediately identify inconsistencies and correct them.
Building foam is sometimes used to fill the space between the guide board and the panel. After completing the finishing of the base of the house with sandwich panels, they begin to build other elements of the house.
Advantages of building from sandwich panels
(1) First of all, this foundation savings. It is known that about half of the cost of building a box at home falls on foundation work. When building a house from sandwich panels, you can use columnar foundation, shallow tape or light slab.
(2) Construction speed. Such a house can be assembled according to ready-made drawings in a few days. Usually, manufacturers of such structures bring the walls ready-made and fasten them together on the site.
The box itself at home can be put up in just one to two weeks. Of course, much will depend on the size of the building. But in any case, the construction will take much less time than if you used ordinary building materials.
(3) The third advantage is heating savings in future. Sandwich panels are warm enough to build homes in the coldest regions of the country.
(4) Buildings made of sandwich panels are quite durable. Despite the fact that such houses are considered to be not the most durable compared to stone ones, practice shows that, with the right construction technology, they can be used for decades. Manufacturers of such houses dry the timber in a special way to such an extent that the wood is practically indestructible.
(5) I have an opportunity increase usable area living quarters, since the thickness of the walls of cottages made of sandwich panels is much less than in houses built of stone or blocks.
(6) The sixth advantage - Cottages from sandwich panels can be built in almost any weather conditions . The construction of the house can be carried out in winter, regardless of the ambient temperature;
(7) The seventh plus - unlike wooden houses, frame structures do not settle. It means that Finishing work you can start immediately after the construction of the box;
In addition, if necessary, it is possible to disassemble the house and reassemble it in a new place. In addition, do not forget about the cost. All materials and works will not hit hard on your wallet. Houses made of sandwich panels are much cheaper than their counterparts. This feature is strongly liked by domestic developers.
The disadvantages of this material
First of all, it is worth mentioning the environmental friendliness. Some unscrupulous manufacturers wood boards formaldehyde resins are used to bind fibers. This substance, being very toxic, when evaporated, can greatly affect the health of people living in such a house. Make sure that the manufacturer of sandwich panel houses has a contract with a bona fide supplier of wood-based panels.
Houses made of sandwich panels are significantly inferior in terms of durability to wooden and brick buildings. Such buildings need to be overhaul after a couple of decades of operation. But, even if you constantly maintain all the structures in the right condition, you should not expect from such a house that it will stand for a hundred years.
Another disadvantage that also affects long-term operation is the possibility of mold. Sandwich panels are quite tight, so air ventilation is poor. From here there are places where moisture stagnates. The result of this is the appearance of mold. Therefore, such houses must be carefully protected from moisture and artificial ventilation systems must be created.
Well, don't forget about fire safety. The materials used often burn well. Fully wooden house, in the event of a small outbreak, it will burn to the ground in a matter of hours.
Often the manufacturer claims that the wood is treated with a special solution that makes it non-combustible. But be aware that such solutions do not exist in nature, and all such events are carried out only in order to reduce the burning rate. It is also worth remembering about the foam, which does not burn, but evaporates. Styrofoam fumes can also cause irreparable harm to health.
Therefore, it is necessary to carefully choose the heating system at home and it is highly desirable to install a modern fire fighting system with panic button.
Conclusion
It is possible to build a cottage or a house from sandwich panels, and often this is the only reasonable option for a particular area, taking into account the available budget. However, you should carefully consider fire safety and make sure the quality and environmental friendliness of the material of the panels. You also need to carefully approach the selection of a construction contractor, make sure that you have a license, relevant experience and positive reviews.
A good house takes a long time to build. This axiom served as a guide for many years for those who wanted to acquire their own housing. It is difficult for people who value quality to come to terms with the idea that warm and secure home, which can easily withstand Russian frosts, can be erected in 3 months. The technology that originated in the United States came to Russia from Canada, a country that is also famous for its remoteness from resorts and harsh climate.
Despite the initial mistrust, progressive technology has established itself in the domestic construction industry, conquering developers with the speed of construction and quality that does not suffer from speed. construction works. Turnkey sandwich panel houses are increasingly turning into an option worth considering and choosing.
house built by frame technology beneficial in all aspects
Sandwich panels: appearance and purpose
The material got its name due to its similarity to a three-layer sandwich, in which the role of bread is played by two facing surfaces, and the role of the filling is a layer of thermal insulation. The most famous type of material is considered to be SIP-panel (structurally insulated panel). Panels have found application:
In housing construction. They serve as the basis for prefabricated frame structures.
in commercial construction. For the construction of industrial and large public buildings, trade and warehouse visits, halls and car washes, panels with metal cladding are chosen.
This frameless building material, which meets all production standards, serves as the basis for houses known under the names: modular, panel, frame, frame-panel. By functionality, the panels are divided into wall and roofing.
Installation of roof sandwich panels
Wall
Panels are used to build walls, floors and load-bearing partitions, as well as finishing material. According to the type of external profile, they are smooth and profiled. The latter are divided into simple and decorative (with the effect of siding or a log structure).
The material is applicable for insulation and reconstruction of old buildings. The key properties that determine the quality of the panels are strength and thermal parameters, as well as fire resistance limits.
Roofing
The material is widely used in the installation, not only pitched roofs, but also other types roof structures with an angle greater than 5°. Roofing sandwich panels have a metal cladding and a wave-like profile, which increase the rigidity of the products. Profiling can be double-sided or front. Additional requirements for roofing panels are durability and high load-bearing capacity.
Facade cladding with sandwich panels
Decorative (finishing)
Sandwich panels for the house are widely used for cladding the facade parts of houses, finishing window and doorways(shaped elements). They have wonderful appearance, reliably isolate the building from moisture (which is especially important when installing ventilated facades) and are resistant to UV radiation. Decorative panels are made from:
Wood. Are applied to external and internal finishing works.
Plastic. Practical budget option.
Metal. They can be used for finishing loggias and balconies, during restoration and repair.
Material and design
The scope of use of the panels is determined by the type and characteristics of the materials of the shell and filler. The choice of raw materials determines the quality of sandwich panels even before the start of the production cycle.
Construction of galvanized panel
outer layer
The outer layers are hard sheet material With protective coating; most often it is:
Cink Steel(or metal alloy). The surface is reliably protected from corrosion. A house made of metal sandwich panels is durable (the thicker the zinc layer, the more durable the structure).
Drywall. Eco-friendly (two sheets of building cardboard separated by a layer of gypsum); popular way of finishing residential premises.
Plastic. Various types of material serve reliable protection from temperature extremes, mechanical stress and moisture.
PVC. A type of plastic; due to its rigidity, it is widely used for the production of window slopes.
OSB(oriented strand board). It serves as the basis for SIP panels. The manufacturing process of the material consists in gluing wood chips under high pressure.
insulation
A common material for insulation is:
Basalt fiber(mineral wool). The most popular option with unsurpassed heat and sound insulation. Cotton wool is environmentally friendly, non-flammable and practical: it is often used in fireproof partitions.
In Finland, 40% of houses are built from SIP panels
Fiberglass. According to the characteristics, it resembles mineral wool, surpasses the ability to sound absorption.
polyurethane foam(PPU, PUR) and its modifications. Lightweight and durable material with a honeycomb structure. It is harmless to health, absolutely non-flammable and reliably protects against moisture.
Styrofoam(Styrofoam). Panels with this material are used in the construction of non-residential (warehouses, workshops, swimming pools) and residential buildings ( Canadian technology). The material does not absorb moisture, is combustible, emits toxic substances in a flame, therefore it is not recommended for buildings with high fire safety requirements.
On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of houses on panel-frame technology from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
Compound
The quality of houses built using the sandwich panel technology directly depends on the reliability of the connection of the elements. Connections affect strength, appearance and thermal efficiency panel walls. In the arrangement of the elements, a connecting lock of the popular “thorn-groove” design (tongue-and-groove connection) is used.
Classic tongue-and-groove connection
Bends (thorns and grooves) are formed when profiling external surfaces. Thanks to lock connection Panels are perfectly joined with each other, providing fast installation. Manufacturers produce products with high-precision double and triple locks (the number depends on the thickness of the element). If the docking locks are of poor quality and do not fit well together, the seams will be leaky (they will lose heat).
Advantages and disadvantages of sandwich panel houses
The material began to be used in mass construction more than half a century ago. The accumulated experience allows us to draw a conclusion about the qualities of the technology. The advantages of sandwich panels include:
Economy(compared to wood and brick). The cost of a turnkey house is 2-3 times less than a brick one.
Construction time. Works are 3-4 times faster than traditional methods.
All season. Installation is carried out all year round.
Ease of erection and processing. The panels are easily machined with standard tools for wood and metal.
Life time. It is 60-70 years old, the building becomes obsolete morally rather than physically.
Panel house device
Strength. Houses made of sandwich panels are not afraid of hurricane winds and earthquakes. The design can withstand a load of up to 10 t/m 2 vertically, transverse - 2 t/m 2 .
Thermal efficiency. The thermal insulation properties of a wall made of SIP panels are equal to the properties brick wall 2 m thick. With the same thickness panel house warmer 5 times.
Moisture resistance and tightness of the structure.
Resistant to temperature extremes and ultraviolet.
Environmental Safety.
Disadvantages of sandwich panel houses:
Construction features. The house is assembled the children's designer, each element requires an exact fit (otherwise the thermal efficiency will suffer).
Insufficient soundproofing. Eliminated by interior and exterior trim.
Frame features. Metal load-bearing frame it is necessary to additionally protect against corrosion, wooden - from decay.
A house made of sandwich panels needs a well-thought-out ventilation system
On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of building houses using panel technology. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
Insulation features. Mineral wool absorbs moisture and can be deformed, polystyrene foam is flammable.
Instability to mechanical damage.
Low level of ventilation. Eliminated by installing a ventilation system.
Unprofessional installation. It is the cause of heat loss during the operation of the house (in winter, freezing of the joints is possible).
On our site you can find the most popular house projects from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses Low-Rise Country.
The project of houses from a turnkey sandwich panel
Every year everything more people decide to build a house from sandwich panels, taking into account the benefits not only during construction, but also during operation. Construction companies offer turnkey sandwich panel homes with designs and prices to suit a wide range of tastes and budgets. By concluding a contract, the company prepares a project for the house, taking into account the wishes of the client and performs full complex works. Construction goes through several stages.
Ready standard project with calculated cost and price
Project selection
At the customer's disposal are extensive catalogs with projects of various formats. Within any budget, you can choose a house based on the area, architectural style and additional options (type of finish, type of roof). Panel technology makes it possible to implement any architectural ideas, design ideas and interior solutions.
For the selected project, a preliminary cost calculation is made. The sandwich panel house is great way save on:
Time. The implementation of an object from sip panels will require up to 3 months.
Foundation and excavation. A massive (and expensive) foundation is not needed.
Rental of heavy construction equipment. She is not needed.
building materials.
When did the buying rush start? summer cottages, then they had the only rationale - harvesting and providing the family with fruits and vegetables. Nutrition issues have not ceased to be urgent, it has just become easier to get food in other ways, and employment and fatigue can only be removed by having a good rest. You can't replace him with anything. Summer cottages are far from noise, from dusty roads, that is, environmentally friendly conditions are created here. We are building country house from sandwich panels, and thus, for a short time we create for ourselves ideal conditions for relax.
Material selection
Many people do not buy country houses, but build them themselves. So, there is still work to be done to create coziness and comfort. It is necessary to choose a material for construction. Now there is an amazing innovation sandwich - panels. This funny name really justifies the principle of a sandwich, because the panels are superimposed on one another. Summer residents who have already used this material can confirm its excellent qualities.
pros
Rebuilding cottages from such non-standard panels, you can build houses from one or two floors. Due to its compactness, this material allows for small area build a comfortable country house. The cottage of their sandwich panels is a place where you can live on summer period. The upper floor can be given to children by placing also bedrooms. The lower floor is given over to the living room or kitchen.
An important characteristic of sandwich panels is the possibility of their further expansion. The whole highlight lies in the fact that sandwich panels are a rebuilt building with already ready-made layout, which is easily reconfigured, however. Prefabricated parts allow you to make separate entrances, change walls, even completely dismantle the roof and raise another floor.
Cottages made of sandwich panels are safe objects in relation to fires and protect the environment. Special components are added to the sandwich panels against possible fires. It is better to order the most high-quality parts for assembling sandwich panels from well-known and reputable manufacturers.
What else are such prefabricated panels good for - their finished structures can be easily transported to different distances and anywhere, even at any time of the year. Take and just imagine winter trips to nature, winter barbecues near the cozy houses brought from sandwich panels - and immediately it becomes good and joyful in the soul. For some, these are pleasant dreams, someone has already experienced great pleasure, having rested in this way.
Houses from such panels are easily supplemented necessary communications, heating system, water supply system and gas. Moreover, houses based on SIP panels are much better able to retain heat for a long time than capital buildings.
The only thing that needs to be planned in advance is ventilation, as shown in the photo. It should be of excellent quality, well protecting from dampness and waterlogging.
Types of layouts
You can build houses of various layouts: from small one-story houses to spacious cottages with many rooms and an additional floor. There is always the possibility of building up and in breadth. By applying new supports and ceilings, the house easily expands its boundaries. The roof can be removed, changed, that is, dismantled in every possible way.
Installation technology
For professionals, it is not difficult to assemble such a design. Everything starts with accurate calculations, especially when assembling the first support panels on which the entire structure is based.
Installation of houses from a sandwich - panels can be made in two planes - horizontal and vertical. Owners of summer cottages should first of all decide by choosing one or another installation option:
- Installation horizontal view. With this type of installation, a flashing and various additional parts are mounted on the plinth. It is advisable to add an insulating layer of mineral wool, as shown in the photo. Next, measurements of the installation of panels are made, as well as control marks, and then the installation of the panels themselves. Their frame begins to take shape from the panels, one by one, in position - with grooves downwards. You can not do without self-tapping screws that secure each panel. All joints must be carefully sealed with your own hands using mineral wool and foam for mounting. If necessary, the addition the right details assemblies. The final process at horizontal mounting is the installation of corner-type flashings and additional parts;
- Vertical installation. It is necessary to analyze if the height of the house is greater than the panels themselves, then the installation must be carried out from the basement, from the corner of the building, that is, from bottom to top. This option is acceptable if the house consists of several tiers. Additional parts of the assembly are placed on the base. Next, do-it-yourself sheets are mounted, as shown in the video. A plumb bob helps to check the vertical level of the panels. They are applied to the run and fixed with screws. The assembly is made from the top end. The panel lock needs to be sealed. Mount the panel, at the same time watching the joining of the grooves. Then, with the help of self-tapping screws, additional elements are mounted on the facade, as seen in the photo. This completes the vertical installation.
Summing up
Having decided on the construction of a building from sandwich panels, it is necessary to choose the type of layout, study the technology for installing such a structure, choosing a vertical or horizontal option. The main thing is not to retreat because of the complexity of the design. Everything can be mastered and implemented, there would be a great desire. And then the dream of country house, made on our own and with special pleasure, will surely materialize.
You don't have much time to build country house while you want to build during the season and start relaxing? Cottage from sandwich panels - a way out.
What types of sandwich panels for summer cottages are there?
Basically, three main types of materials are used as the outer layer of a sandwich: steel metal profile sheet, plastic and wood chipboard. Of course, these materials can also be divided into various subspecies, which differ in their additional characteristics, but this depends on the manufacturer.
Besides, outer part sandwich panel differs in processing method. So, for example, a metal profiled sheet can be galvanized or painted. Depending on the wishes of the customer, metal profiled sheets can have different kind: as decoration natural stone, brickwork or cylinder log. As a result, the view of the dacha can turn out to be very decent, and no additional finishing is required.
The inner part of the sandwich is mainly represented by two types of filler: pressed mineral wool or expanded polystyrene. Styrofoam sandwiches are usually used as exterior walls. This decision is due the following features: expanded polystyrene is not subject to getting wet and is an excellent heat insulator.
Panels for interior decoration- using mineral wool. They have increased fire-fighting properties and isolate sounds well.
For finishing slopes, plastic sandwich panels with a filler in the form of free-foamed polystyrene foam are suitable. Such slopes do not get wet and perfectly keep heat in the house.
You need to know!
A dacha made of sandwich panels does not require much time for construction, since the house is assembled in 2-3 weeks. Since the sandwich panel is sufficient lightweight material, for the construction of a summer house, a foundation will be needed 3-4 times less massive than for construction from another material.
The sandwich panel itself has weak bearing properties. Therefore, in addition to the foundation, the frame, which is made either from metal structures or from dry wooden beam conifers. Despite high cost, customers generally prefer to make the load-bearing frame of metal. It should be noted that with proper installation of the timber frame, the house will turn out to be quite strong. The main thing is the material itself, in this case timber, which must be dried. Otherwise, the entire structure of the house will “lead”. That is why most often in the construction of houses from sandwich panels they are used for the construction of a frame metal elements. This option is best suited for sandwich panels with a metal profile.
Note.
A cottage made of sandwich panels will have all the necessary characteristics of a reliable real estate object. When installing furniture or equipment inside the dacha, it is necessary to carry out installation strictly on the frame. This is especially true at home outer skin from a metal profile. When using particle boards, furniture can be mounted directly on boards that have the necessary rigidity. When mounting bulky equipment, mounting can also be used on the frame.
Swing gates made of sandwich panels, - according to the designer country houses, - “will be calling card your house".
