Roofing technoelast in 2 layers. Guidelines “guidelines for the design and installation of roofs made of materials from \technonikol\technoelast-prime and technoelast solo, laid on cold mastic. The secret of fast laying Technoelast
I approve:
CEO
CJSC "TechnoNIKOL"
_________ / Kolesnikov S.A. /
Management
for the design and installation of roofs from the materials of the company
"TechnoNIKOL" Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast SOLO,
laid on cold mastic.
Moscow 2004
Guidelines for the design and installation of roofs made of TechnoNIKOL materials Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast SOLO laid on mastic developed by TechnoNIKOL CJSC (Fisyurenko D.A. technical specialist of the TechnoNIKOL Roofing Company, Gorelov Yu.A. Sales Director of the TechnoNIKOL company , Koldashev S.N. specialist of the technical support department of the company "TekhnoNIKOL"). The manual takes into account the remarks and additions of Voronin A.M. (Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head of the Roofing Department of TsNIIPROMZDANIY).
Implementation of modern construction projects poses new challenges for builders. To solve them, it is necessary to use new construction technologies and materials. The TechnoNIKOL company presents a series roll materials intended for laying on mastics.
Roofs made of materials laid on mastic are arranged in cases where the traditional laying technology (fueling with a gas burner) is not applicable. Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast SOLO materials allow waterproofing works without open flame.
It is also possible to combine in one roofing carpet various technologies styling. The first layer of the roofing carpet can be laid on the mastic, and the second layer is welded over the first one. The need for such laying arises, for example, when installing a roofing carpet on a wooden base.
The high flexibility and elasticity of materials makes it possible to use them on surfaces of any complexity and in confined spaces.
Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast SOLO materials can be laid on combustible types of substrates (wood, plywood). The ease of laying materials allows you to make the work quick and convenient.
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS .
1.1. These Guidelines are intended for use in the design, installation and repair of roofs made of Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast SOLO materials manufactured by the TechnoNIKOL Roofing Company.
1.2. The guide was developed in addition to chapter 2 of SNiP II-26-76* “Roofs. Design standards” SNiP 3.04.01-87 “Insulating and finishing coatings” and “Roofs. Guidance on design, device, acceptance rules and quality assessment methods.
1.3. Roof slopes are accepted in accordance with the norms for the design of buildings and structures. For maximum service life roofing the slope of the base must be at least 2%. With such a slope, water is usually completely drained from the entire surface of the roofing carpet through external or internal drains.
1.4. When installing a single-layer roof made of Technoelast SOLO material, the slope of the base must be at least 2.5%.
1.5. The device and repair of roofs should be carried out by specialized organizations on the basis of working drawings, a project for the production of works, the conclusion of an expert commission, this Guide and standard technological maps for the installation of roofing.*
1.6. Materials of the Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast Solo series can be used for roofing in all climatic zones of construction in the Russian Federation.
* In cases of discrepancy between this Guide and the conclusion of the expert commission, the conclusion should be followed.
2. MATERIALS USED.
The materials used for roofing must comply with the requirements of the technical specifications. To do this, a selective check (incoming control) is carried out for each batch of materials received at the construction site. In case of non-compliance of materials with the requirements of regulatory documents, the batch is rejected and returned to the supplier.
The following bitumen-polymer materials are used for the installation of a roofing carpet:
Technoelast-Prime (TU 5774-003-00287852-99) - specialized materials laid on mastic.
Technoelast-Prime EMM (TU 5774-003-00287852-99) - a specialized material for the lower layer of the roofing carpet, designed for laying on cold mastic on concrete bases, prefabricated screeds from pressed sheets flat slate or CSP ( cement particle board) and reinforced screeds from cement-sand mortar. The material can also be laid on hot mastic on a heater made of rigid mineral wool boards. The material is made on a polyester base reinforced with glass mesh in two directions. Such a base provides high dimensional stability and high elongation to break - at least 30%. The material is coated on both sides with fine quartz sand.
Technoelast-Prime EKM (TU 5774-003-00287852-99) - a specialized material for the top layer of the roofing mat, designed for laying on cold mastic. This material is used when constructing roofs on cement-sand or prefabricated screeds, as well as on foundations made of concrete slabs. The material on the underside is covered with fine quartz sand, on the upper side it is covered with shale dressing. The material is made on a polyester base reinforced with glass mesh in two directions. This base ensures high stability. geometric dimensions and high elongation to break - not less than 30%. To form a high-quality side overlap, the edge of the material is covered with a siliconized film. The siliconized film is removed directly during the formation of the side overlap, when laying the adjacent roll.
Technoelast SOLO EKM (TU 5774-003-00287852-99) - a specialized material used for single-layer laying, including on mastics, in addition, it is possible to fuse the material with a gas burner. The width of the side overlap is 120 mm. The edge of the material is closed, just like the Technoelast-Prime EKM material, with a siliconized film. The material is based on polyester.
Bitumen-polymer mastic "Vishera" TU 5775-020-17925162-2004 - cold (solvent) bitumen-polymer mastic is used for gluing materials to a concrete base, cement-sand or prefabricated screed. It is also used for sealing the places where the roofing mat adjoins vertical surfaces, it is applied to the fold on top of the edge rail.
Bitumen-polymer mastic "Eureka" TU 5775-010-17925162-2003 - hot (warmed up before use) bitumen-polymer mastic. Does not contain solvent. When preparing the base, it is used to fill cracks in the base, when puttying irregularities and small chips. Before use, it is necessary to warm up the mastic to 160-180ºС. Mastic must be heated in boilers with continuous stirring.
“Bitumen Primer” TU 5775-011-17925162-2003 - used for priming surfaces made of concrete slabs, cement-sand and prefabricated screeds.
Bitumen-polymer mastic "Technomast" TU 5775-018-17925162-2004 - cold (solvent-based) bitumen-polymer mastic is used as a primer before laying materials on bases made of plywood and OSB boards. It cannot be used as an adhesive mastic for gluing Technoelast-Prime materials.
Adhesion of materials to a base of concrete slabs or cement-sand screed can be done using cold (solvent-containing) or hot (solvent-free, hot application) bitumen-polymer mastics.
To stick the material on a base of concrete slabs or cement-sand screeds, cold bitumen-polymer mastic "Vishera" (TU 5775-020-17925162-2004), manufactured by ”TekhnoNIKOL”*, can be used. Bitumen-polymer mastics used for gluing must have a dry residue of more than 70% (solvent less than 30%) and heat resistance of at least 100ºС. The flexibility temperature of the mastic must be at least minus 25ºC.
Fixing the edge of the roofing carpet on vertical surfaces can be carried out using a special aluminum rail or a galvanized steel rail.
To seal the junction of the roofing carpet to vertical surfaces, use bituminous sealants or Vishera mastic. Mastic is laid in the limb of the edge rail. To seal the joints of concrete panels or galvanized steel aprons, we recommend using one-component polyurethane or polysulfide (thiokol) roofing sealants. The use of silicone sealants for sealing roof structures and interfaces is not recommended due to their non-repairability.
It is recommended to use ready-made rubber transition elements (fittings) in the joints of the roofing mat with pipes.
* - The compatibility of Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast SOLO materials with Vishera mastic was tested in the laboratory and in practice.
3. DESIGN SOLUTIONS.
Roofing carpets laid on a base of cement-sand screeds, concrete or monolithic reinforced concrete slabs. For gluing use cold bitumen-polymer mastic “Vishera.
* - The material of the upper layer is welded with a propane torch.
** - For laying on cold mastic, Technoelast SOLO EKM material is used with an anti-adhesive siliconized film along the edge of the material. The release film is removed immediately before gluing the adjacent roll.
4. Requirements for the base under the roof.
Flat surfaces can serve as the basis for a waterproofing carpet:
· reinforced concrete bearing slabs, the seams between which are sealed cement-sand mortar brands not lower than 150;
· leveling monolithic reinforced screeds made of cement-sand mortar with a compressive strength of at least 15 MPa (mortar grade - M150);
· prefabricated screeds from pressed flat slate slabs or cement-bonded particle boards;
· wooden bases (bases made of moisture-resistant plywood, oriented strand board (OSB), etc.).
Requirements for foundations made of concrete slabs and reinforced cement-sand screeds.
The surface of the base must be free from pits, cement-sand mixture sagging, sharp-edged irregularities, oil stains and dust. Oil stains are burned out, the influxes are cut down. Potholes and sinks up to 15 mm deep are filled with non-shrink putty compounds. Small potholes and cracks are smeared with a primer, and after it dries, puttied with hot mastic "Eureka" TU 5775-010-17925162-2003.
The base surface must be even and smooth. When checking the evenness of the surface with a three-meter rail, the gaps under it should only be a smooth outline. The maximum clearance depth must not exceed 5 mm along the slope and 10 mm across the slope. The deviation of the base plane from the specified slope is not more than 0.2%.
At the points of contact with walls, parapets, ventilation shafts and other roof structures, inclined sides (fillets) at an angle of 45º from a cement-sand mortar, 100 mm high, should be made.
In cement-sand screeds, temperature-shrinkage seams should be made, dividing the screed into sections of no more than 6 × 6 m. The seams must coincide with the end seams of the bearing plates.
Vertical walls of structures protruding above the roof plane and made of piece materials (brick, foam blocks, etc.) must be plastered with cement-sand mortar M 150 to the height of the roofing carpet (at least 300 mm).
The surface of parapet walls, ventilation shafts, bases of roof fans made of piece materials (brick, foam blocks, etc.) must be completely plastered with cement-sand mortar M 150.
Ironing of the surface of the screed on which the material is glued is prohibited.
Requirements for foundations from prefabricated screeds.
The differences between the individual screed slabs must not exceed 3 mm in height.
The prefabricated screed slabs are laid in two layers with mechanical fastening between the layers.
In places of increased wind load (near parapets, in the corners of the roof, junctions to nodes protruding above the roof plane), it is necessary to fix the prefabricated screed to wooden bars previously fixed to the roof base.
Screed slabs laid in adjacent rows must be displaced relative to each other so that the end seams do not coincide. The slabs of the second layer must also be displaced relative to the slabs of the first layer in order to exclude the coincidence of the joints of the slabs.
For bases made of prefabricated screeds at the junctions with walls, parapets, ventilation shafts and other roof structures, inclined sides are made at an angle of 45º from hard mineral wool insulation, section 100x100.
Requirements for wooden bases (From moisture-resistant plywood and OSB boards).
Sheets of moisture-resistant plywood should be attached to the rafter legs using ruffed bunches or self-tapping screws. End joints of plywood sheets must be fixed on the rafter leg.
Differences between individual plywood sheets should not exceed 3 mm in height.
To increase the service life of a wooden structure, we recommend treating wooden surfaces with an antiseptic.
5. Laying material.
Laying of materials on cold bitumen-polymer mastics can be carried out at an air temperature above +5ºС.At air temperatures below +5º From work they produce in greenhouses.
Laying on a wet or moist substrate is not allowed. Before waterproofing, the surface to be insulated must be dry. The moisture content of concrete or cement-sand screed in the surface layer at a depth of 20 mm should be no more than 4%.
Surface preparation concrete base, cement-sand and prefabricated screed for laying material.
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The material can only be laid on a pre-primed base. As a primer, use “Primer Bituminous Concentrate”, diluted in the required proportion with gasoline, or a ready-made bituminous primer. On vertical walls, before applying the primer, it is necessary to stick on the entire perimeter masking tape. The lower edge of the tape should be raised to the height of the Technoelast-Prime institution. The primer is applied with a brush over the entire surface of the forthcoming laying of the material, including the vertical one. The material is glued only after the primed surface has completely dried (no traces of bitumen should remain on the swab applied to the dried primer). To avoid moistening and dusting of the primed surface, the laying of the material must be carried out immediately after the primed surface has dried. |
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Preparation of the surface of the bases From moisture-resistant plywood and OSB boards.
INSTALLATION OF ADDITIONAL LAYERS OF ROOFING CARPET.
The implementation of the roofing carpet begins with pasting with an additional layer of reinforcement at the points of interface of the roofing carpet with roof structures and roof elements. These nodes include the junction of the roofing carpet to the parapet walls, ventilation or elevator shafts, installation sites drain funnels, places for piping through the roof. Additional layers are also laid in places of overhangs.
Technoelast-Prime EMM material is used as the material for the additional layer. The adhesive bitumen-polymer mastic "Vishera" is used for material stickers.
Laying material in places where the roofing mat adjoins vertical surfaces (connections of the roofing mat with parapet walls, walls of neighboring buildings, elevator shafts, ventilation pipes rectangular section etc.):
After laying the Technoelast-Prime EMM material, its surface is rolled with a silicone roller. This allows you to increase the adhesion of the material to the base and squeeze out excess mastic.
In places of passage through the roof steel pipes an additional layer of Technoelast-Prime EMM material is also laid. The size of a piece of reinforcement material must be at least 500× 500 mm. The edge of the reinforcement material must be at least 150 mm from the edge of the pipe.
In places where wall gutters or overhangs are installed, a layer of reinforcement is also laid before installing galvanized steel ebbs. The material of the reinforcement layer should extend onto the front part by 100 mm and protrude from under the galvanized steel tide by 150 mm.
Laying the first layer of Technoelast-Prime material on a horizontal surface.
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Gluing the material must be carried out from low areas up the slope. In roofs with an internal drain, the laying of the material begins from the funnel, in roofs with an unorganized drain, the material begins to be glued from the very bottom point roofs - from the overhang. Laying the first layer material on a horizontal surface: Before laying the material, the roll must be rolled out and tried on in place. During fitting, it is necessary to achieve a snug fit of the roll to vertical and other adjacent surfaces. When trying on a roll, a side overlap of 80-100 mm and an end overlap of at least 150 mm are set. |
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After these preparatory operations, the roll is carefully folded to the middle. The material is glued from the middle to both sides. At material laying, gluing mastic is applied to the base with a notched trowel. Mastic is not applied to the glued material. Applying the mastic should take place immediately before the roll to be glued. If the material has not been laid on the mastic applied to the base within 5 minutes, it is necessary to apply an additional layer of mastic before gluing. Mastic is applied over the entire area of gluing. Mastic is also applied to the place of the side seam. When laying the material to the base, the mastic consumption is 1.4 - 1.8 kg / m 2. The laying of the material is carried out by two roofers. One of the workers applies the mastic, and the second smoothes the material to the base with a brush and rolls out the roll. |
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Smoothing the material with a wide brush is necessary in order to remove voids and expel air bubbles from under the material. Smoothing is done from the center of the roll to the edges, expelling air through the edges of the panel. The fully glued roll is additionally rolled with a heavy stacking roller. Side and end overlaps are rolled especially carefully. The overlaps are rolled with a small silicone roller, so that excess mastic is squeezed out from under the overlap after rolling. The squeezed-out mastic is smeared over the surface with a spatula. |
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Laying the Second layer of Technoelast-Prime material on a horizontal surface.
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The labeling of the material of the upper layer is carried out similarly to the labeling of the material of the first layer. The consumption of mastic for gluing is 0.8 - 1.2 kg/m 2 . Places of end overlaps, junctions to various designs are the most responsible in the implementation of the roof, so they need to pay increased attention. To ensure the tightness of the places of end overlaps, the dressing is removed from the material web by the amount of overlap. By heating the place where the topping was removed with a hot air dryer, the topping is removed with a spatula. The end overlap must be at least 150 mm. |
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To form a high-quality end overlap, a corner of the material is cut off at the end of the roll. The size of the corner is 150 mm in length and 80-100 mm in width.
After removing the topping and trimming the corner, a layer of bitumen-polymer mastic is applied to the place where the end overlap is formed.
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Roll the place of gluing the material with a silicone roller. Squeezed out mastic from under the side and end seam is sprinkled with sprinkles on top. The applied dressing must be pressed into the bitumen-polymer mastic.
The design of the junctions also requires special attention of the roofer.
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From the overlap, at a distance of 150 mm, the dressing is removed using the previously described method (using a hot air dryer and a spatula). |
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After that, a layer of mastic is applied to the place of the removed dressing. Mastic is also applied to the height of the introduction of the material to the vertical. |
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Pieces of the adjoining material pre-cut to size are glued from top to bottom. |
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Rolling the material with a silicone roller is a mandatory procedure. |
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When forming the inner corner of the roof, pieces of material at the junctions are cut in place. In the corners of the roof, the material may move away from the surface after the mastic dries. Such places are heated with a hot air dryer and pressed to the base. |
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After completing the sticker of the material on the junctions and the formation of all internal and external corners, proceed to the final stage of the roof. The upper edge of the material is fixed with a metal rail. The rail is fixed with self-tapping screws using an electric screwdriver. The distance between the rails along the plane and in the corners should be 5-10 mm. |
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The upper limb of the edge rail is filled with bituminous sealant or bitumen-polymer mastics "Vishera" or "Fixer". Mastics are applied with a spatula. |
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The mastic is carefully smeared to make a tight connection between the wall and the edge rail. |
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6. Cutting material and making roof units.
Option for cutting and laying material in the outer corner of the roof.
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The formation of the node begins after the preparation of the laying surface. As a reinforcing layer on the joints, Technoelast-Prime EMM is used, which is laid on an adhesive mastic and rolled with a silicone roller. The material must be brought to the transitional ledge, and go to the horizontal plane by 100 mm. |
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When forming places of reinforcement, the material is cut directly in the corner of the roof and an overlap of the material is arranged. |
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The material of the first layer of the roofing carpet is brought to the transitional ledge. If necessary, the roll of roofing material closest to the parapet wall is cut along the web so that the edge of the roll is closely adjacent to the transitional ledge. It is necessary to roll with a roller the places where the material of the first layer overlaps on the material of the additional reinforcement layer. |
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The material of the first layer is glued to the parapet on the mastic, and on the horizontal surface of the base it is glued to a width of 150 mm. |
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The adjacent sheet of material is also laid on the mastic. In places of bending, the material is cut, and the edges of the material are wrapped in a corner and welded with a hot air dryer. |
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At the junction of the panels roofing material a patch is laid to prevent the penetration of water at the place where the base is cut. |
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The second layer of material on the plane is laid similarly to the first layer. Particular attention should be paid to places where the material overlaps. When forming places of end overlaps on a material with a coarse-grained dressing, the dressing should be sunk with a spatula preheated by a hot air dryer to a distance of 150 mm (transverse overlap width). |
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The junctions are also made with coarse-grained dressing embedded, however, the distance from the transitional edge is 250 mm (the width of the overlap of the material on the horizontal plane). |
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The blanks of Technoelast-Prime material are laid on the parapet on the Vishera mastic. Places of bending of the material on a vertical surface are welded with a hot air dryer. The upper edge of the material is brought to the facade vertical plane of the parapet wall by 50 mm. |
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After the coarse-grained dressing has been embedded on the Technoelast-Prime EKM material, mastic is laid with a spatula in the places of the forthcoming overlap of the material. |
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Formation outer corner roofs are finished by cutting off the material adjacent to the corner of the web with a roofing knife in place. Rolling with a silicone roller until the mastic is squeezed out from under the canvas is the final procedure. It should be noted that the amount of mastic output should not exceed 3-5 mm. |
Option for cutting and laying material in inner corner roofs.
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The formation of the node begins after the preparation of the laying surface. A bituminous primer must be applied to the laying site, and after it has dried, the material can be glued. In the corner of the roof, Technoelast-Prime EMM is used as a reinforcing layer at the junctions, which is laid on the Vishera or Fixer mastic. Mastic is applied to the place of gluing. Mastic is not applied to the glued material. After laying, the material is rolled with a silicone roller. The material must be brought to the transitional ledge, and go to the horizontal plane by 100 mm. |
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In the place where the reinforcing layer overlaps, the strips of material are cut and laid on the transitional ledge. |
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When laying the first layer of material on the base, the edges of the Technoelast-Prime EMM material are brought to the transitional edge. If necessary, the roll of roofing material closest to the parapet wall is cut along the web so that the edge of the roll is closely adjacent to the transitional ledge. |
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All overlaps must be rolled with a silicone roller. The material of the first layer is glued to the parapet on the mastic. The material must extend 150 mm on the horizontal part of the base. Precise adjustment of the material is carried out when the material is affixed - in place. |
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A reinforcing strip of Technoelast-Prime EMM is laid at the junction of the panels of the roofing material, which prevents the penetration of water at the junction of adjacent panels of the first layer material. The width of the glued strip is 200 mm. The material is glued into the corner with a hot air dryer. |
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From above, the corner of the parapet wall is also covered with a piece of material. The tongue of the piece of reinforcement must be heated with a hairdryer and pressed against the base. |
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The material of the top layer of the Technoelast-Prime EKM roofing mat is brought close to the transitional sloping edge. The material is laid on the Vishera mastic. All places of overlap are rolled with rollers. |
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Before pasting the parapet, a coarse-grained dressing from the material is embedded with a hot air dryer and a spatula at a distance of 250 mm from the edge of the transitional ledge. |
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In the corner, the Technoelast-Prime EKM material, laid on the parapet, is cut in place with a roofing knife. |
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An additional amplification band is installed on top of the corner. In the place of its installation, a coarse-grained dressing is pre-embedded. |
The reinforcement strip is welded with a hot air gun.
The device adjoining to a parapet up to 450 mm high.
After preparing the base, a layer of reinforcement of the roofing carpet is laid at the junction. The material is laid on the Vishera mastic. Roofing material can be brought to the top of the parapet wall if its height does not exceed 450 mm. After laying the reinforcement, the first layer of the roofing carpet is performed. Between the laying of the first and second layers of the roofing carpet, at least 3 days must pass. When laying the second layer (with dressing), at the place of overlap of the material laid on the horizontal part and the material laid on the parapet wall, the dressing is embedded to the width of the overlap. In order to drown the dressing, the overlap area is heated with a hot air dryer and smoothed with a trowel, pressing it into the bitumen-polymer binder of the material. After gluing the panel of the second layer of material, it is rolled with a manual silicone roller. Places where a large amount of mastic has squeezed out from under the overlap, it is sprinkled with sprinkles and pressed to the base.
Connection device to a plastered brick wall.
In cases where the roofing carpet is adjacent to vertical wall building, it is brought to a vertical surface by at least 300 mm and fixed to the base. Fixing the roofing mat on a vertical wall can be done using an edge rail. Features of laying the material are completely similar to those described in the previous paragraph. The rail is fixed with roofing screws using an electric screwdriver. The upper limb of the edge rail is filled with Vishera sealing mastic.
Installation of an internal drainage unit.
The formation of the node begins immediately after the preparation of the base for laying the material. A blank of Technoelast-Prime EMM material is placed on the primed surface at the funnel installation site. Laying is carried out on the Vishera mastic. The size of the stacked workpiece must be at least 500 × 500 mm, while the distance from the edge of the funnel to the edge of the reinforcement piece must be at least 150 mm. After laying each layer of material on this node, it is rolled with a silicone roller. If the material moves away from the base after the mastic has dried, these places are glued with a hot air dryer.
Adjacency of a roofing carpet to a pipe.
The shaped rubber element at the place where the pipe passes through the roof is installed directly on the material of the lower layer of the roofing on the Vishera mastic.
It is allowed to glue shaped elements with hot bitumen-polymer mastic "Evrika". This allows you to shorten the assembly time (no need to wait until the mastic, on which the shaped element is glued, dries). To seal the junction of the pipe and the top of the shaped element, polyurethane or thiacol (polysulfide) sealants are used.
Device for overhang of unorganized drainage system.
The device for the overhang of an unorganized drain begins with the laying of a reinforcement layer on the roof overhang.
The material of the reinforcement layer should extend onto the front part by 100 mm and protrude from under the galvanized steel tide by 150 mm. The reinforcement layer is placed on the Visher mastic. After fixing the "T"-shaped fasteners to the wooden bars, mastic is applied to the installation site of the galvanized overhang and the overhang is fixed. The sticker of the layers of the main waterproofing carpet on the eaves is carried out in the same way as on the main plane.
Expansion joint device.
The formation of the node of the expansion joint is carried out in the sequence described in. "Adjacency to the parapet".
7. REPAIR OF ROOFING CARPET.
Minor damage to the roofing mat, such as punctures, cuts, are repaired by patching the surface of the roofing mat.
The patch must have rounded edges and overlap the damaged surface by at least 100 mm in all directions.
How to install the patch:
· Clean the area of damage from debris and dust.
· Warming up the patch installation site with a hot air dryer, drown the dressing with a spatula into the top layer of the bitumen-polymer binder.
· Cut out a 100 mm patch covering the damage to the roofing mat and round off the corners on the patch.
· Apply Vishera bitumen-polymer mastic to the damaged area and install the patch.
· Additionally, roll the patch with a roller so that the excess mastic is squeezed out along the edges of the patch.
8. QUALITY CONTROL ROOF VERSIONS . ACCEPTANCE RULES.
The installation of the roof must be preceded by the acceptance of the base or leveling layer. Upon acceptance of the leveling layer, its compliance with the requirements of this Guide is determined.
The evenness of the base and its roughness are checked with a three-meter rail according to GOST 2789 -75 *. The rail is laid on the surface of the base in the longitudinal and transverse directions and, using the meter included in the kit, the gaps are measured along the length, rounding the measurement results to 1 mm. The gaps under the three-meter rail should only be of a smooth outline and not more than one per 1 m. The maximum depth of the gap should not exceed 5 mm.
The moisture content of the base is assessed immediately before the waterproofing device by a non-destructive method using a surface moisture meter, for example, VSKM-12, or on base samples in accordance with GOST 5802-86. Humidity is determined at three points of the insulated surface. With a roof area of more than 500 m 2, the number of measurement points is increased by one for every 500 m 2, but not more than six points.
Before laying materials, roofing materials are accepted according to passports in accordance with GOST 2678-94 and GOST 26627-85, comparing the physical and mechanical characteristics with those given in this Guide. At the request of the customer for a control check of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the material, tests are performed in accordance with the Specifications for its production and GOST 2678-94. Determining the quantitative characteristics of the characteristics must also be performed in the case of an overdue warranty period for the storage of the material. In case of inconsistency of received materials regulatory requirements draw up an act of marriage and such materials are not used in the production of work.
Upon acceptance of the roof, a visual inspection of the continuity of the gluing of the roofing material over the entire surface is carried out, the presence of defects in the gluing of the waterproofing is determined. The quality of waterproofing bonding is determined visually by the presence or absence of bubbles.
If there are bubbles on the roofing carpet, indicating the absence of its gluing to the base, they are eliminated. The bubble is cut crosswise. The non-glued ends of the material are folded over, “Vishera” mastic is applied to the base and the bent edges are glued, rolling the place of the bubble with a roller. The upper surface of the material at the patch installation site is heated with a hot air dryer and the dressing is embedded with a spatula. In place of the bubble, a patch is installed that covers the damaged area in all directions of the cuts by 100 mm. The patch material is glued onto the Vishera mastic. No more than three patches per 100 m 2 are allowed.
The results of the acceptance of the roof are drawn up by an act for hidden work of the established form.
9. SAFETY IN PERFORMANCE OF WATERPROOFING WORKS.
The performance of work on the installation of roofs with a waterproofing carpet made of bitumen-polymer materials Technoelast-Prime should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 12-03-01 "Labor safety in construction"; "Fire safety rules in Russian Federation"(PPB-01-93).
To work on the installation and repair of roofs, men are allowed at least 21 years old, who have passed preliminary and periodic medical examinations in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; having vocational training; as well as introductory briefing on labor safety, fire and electrical safety, work permit.
The work must be carried out by waterproofers who have passed in due course technical minimum for production technology and safety. Work management and quality control should be carried out by persons with roofing experience. Each worker, upon admission to work, must undergo a briefing at the workplace with a corresponding entry in the log.
The facility must have guidance materials for the production of works.
Work must be carried out in compliance with fire safety requirements. Workplaces must be equipped with fire extinguishing equipment.
The application of primer compositions on the base should be carried out in the direction coinciding with the direction of air movement (against the wind). In calm weather it is necessary to use respirators with a charcoal filter.
When working with primers and mastics containing a solvent, it is prohibited to use an open flame in the work area. It is unacceptable to combine work, as a result of which sparking occurs (work on cutting metal, grinding it, etc.), with work with compositions containing a solvent.
The stock of solvent-containing materials at the workplace should not exceed shift needs.
The skin of the face and hands should be protected with special protective pastes and creams.
Personal protective equipment must be available at the workplace: goggles, earmuffs, respirators, gloves, protective clothing and footwear. Shoes must have non-slip soles. It is not allowed to work in shoes with horseshoes in the sole, nails that can damage waterproofing coatings.
10. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION.
Before the start of roofing work on the territory of the facility, places for storing materials should be allocated.
When working with roofing materials, pallets, labels, scraps of materials, buckets from primers and mastics are released. Their collection and disposal must be carried out in specially designated places.
Technoelast is a highly reliable roofing and waterproofing polymer-bitumen material. It is in demand among builders of residential and industrial buildings, objects of different scale and complexity.
Compound
Pasting waterproofing technoelast EPP consists of several layers:
- At the heart - polyester fiber (polyester). It has elasticity and elasticity, which provides good adaptive properties of the waterproofing layer.
- Polymer-bitumen binder is an impregnation of polyester on both sides. Additives are added to hydrocarbons (bitumen) that increase the resistance of the web to temperature fluctuations, weather and mechanical influences.
- fusible protective film salient feature lining waterproofing technoelast. During installation, the bottom layer is heated and the canvas is glued to the base, then the finishing roof or structures (depending on the place of application) are laid on the top coating. In addition, the film prevents the roll from sticking together during storage and transportation.
The total thickness of EPP technoelast is 4 mm (standard, for different manufacturers may differ).
Specifications
To date, there are many varieties of waterproofing materials of the bitumen family, which include the one under consideration. All of them differ in individual components: the base, the composition of the polymer binder, the type protective coating. When choosing a material for construction, craftsmen and engineers rely primarily on the performance of the material. The most popular is EPP technoelast from TechnoNIKOL, so we will consider the technical characteristics of this product as the main one:
The technical characteristics of EPP technoelast from other factories may differ slightly; separate documentation must be drawn up for each roll, on the basis of which specialists make the choice of materials. Usually the packaging acts as an information sheet.
Application
The direct purpose of the material is waterproofing and the organization of lining layers that prevent the penetration of water under the structure.
Application of EPP type technoelast:
- Construction of roofs on concrete and stone buildings, including those operated by roofs;
- Insulation of swimming pool bowls and technical pits;
- Construction of dams, dams, hydraulic structures;
- External and internal waterproofing of foundations;
- Arrangement of underground garages and parking lots.
Widespread use is due, among other things, to affordable cost - the price per m² of EPP technoelast produced by TechnoNIKOL from different sellers is 170-200 rubles (on average).
Storage
Polymer-bitumen Technoetast requires special storage conditions:
- Distance to heating appliances- not less than 1 meter;
- Vertical position rolls on shelves;
- Rolls should be stored in a dry, ventilated area.
Material Quantity Calculation
The consumption of EPP technoelast per 1 m² of surface is easy to calculate - the values correspond to each other. It is necessary to take into account only the margin for overlap.
Calculation example for a roof 10 meters long and 6 meters wide:
- Let's calculate the total number of meters - 6 × 10 = 60 meters.
- We take into account the overlay of strips of 8-10 cm. For a roof length of 10 meters, you will need 10 strips of technoelast, between them you will get 9 overlays (1 from each canvas): 9 × 10 = 90 cm or 9 × 8 = 72 cm. It turns out that you need to add more one strip, total - 11 sheets of technoelast.
- For allowances on the walls and the parapet, we leave 20 cm on one side. In total, one lane is 6.4 meters. Here we add allowances for connecting strips of different lengths in width, because it turns out that every second strip consists of two segments, and this is 20 cm × 5.
- As a result: 6.4 (meters, total strip length) ∙ 11 (width strips) + joint allowances (20 × 5) = 74.1 m². Accordingly, it is necessary to buy 8 rolls of EPP technoetas.
If the calculated value is obtained with a small "tail", you can try to cut some joints, make them smaller. But in this case, you need to be completely confident in the quality of the work performed. We still recommend not to save and do everything according to the standards. The remaining piece of canvas is sure to come in handy in the household and in the construction of other objects.
Installation
In order for the waterproofing to serve for a long time, it must be properly laid on the base and fixed.
The technology of laying technoelast type EPP involves the fusing of polymer protective film, which means that a gas burner is needed to carry out the work.
Work algorithm:
- The surface of the structure is thoroughly cleaned of dust, which prevents the canvas from sticking to the base. The base should be thoroughly degreased, potholes and pits should be repaired with cement mortar.
- To ensure the adhesion of technoelast, the base must be primed. To do this, you can use a bituminous primer, which is sold ready-made or diluted bituminous mastic gasoline in a ratio of 1: 3 and cover with this composition concrete structure. Easy to apply with a wide brush.
- This is followed by raising and cutting the canvas.
- When everything is ready, laying the waterproofing begins. The lower film is melted with a burner, pressed to the base. Adjacent sheets are mounted with an overlap of 8-10 cm.
- A roofing with a protective crumb is also laid on top of the waterproofing by fusing.
Technoelast EPP is a new generation waterproofing that outperforms its predecessors such as roofing felts. The service life of the coating will exceed 10 years if the choice of material and its installation are carried out correctly.
In modern construction, new types of materials with improved technical characteristics are increasingly used. One of these innovations is technoelast, which is produced by the Russian corporation TechnoNIKOL.
What it is?
Technoelast is a multifunctional bioresistant roofing and waterproofing material high quality and increased reliability. It is manufactured using a unique technology by applying a special insulating compound (bitumen, SBS thermoplastic or its modifications and filler) on a fiberglass or polyester base on both sides.
SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene) is a polymer, styrene-butadiene thermoplastic elastomer, better known to everyone as artificial rubber (it is this that provides high elasticity to the web, preventing cracking at low temperatures).
As a filler, talc, dolomite and other materials are used. The surface protective layer consists of coarse or fine-grained mineral dressing (sand, etc.) and a polymer film.
Application
Waterproofing Technoelast is designed for waterproofing any building elements of structures (floors, walls, channels, mounting joints), surfaces that are constantly in contact with water (pools, foundations, basements), all types of roofs (non-exploited, "green" - with gardening, with increased load in use, etc.).
It provides 100% protection against moisture, condensation, gases and steam in any climatic conditions, taking into account the requirements of SNiP 23-01-99.
Types and brands, specifications
The insulator has several versions, depending on the conditions and application. Abbreviation:
- the first letter (the basis of the canvas) - ether (polyester), canvas, fabric;
- second, third letters (protective layer):
- P (for the lower layers of the roof sheet, fine-grained dressing, polymer film or a combination of them is used);
- K (for upper layers"carpet" of the roof, contains a coarse-grained dressing on the front side and a film, or a fine-grained mineral fraction on the side of the overlay).
Technoelast EPP (polyester+film+film)
Used for waterproofing the foundations of buildings and other elements of building structures, as a roofing material in various types buildings. Provides reliable protection from water, absolutely waterproof, has good heat resistance, high elasticity provides greater convenience in work.
It consists of a fiberglass or polyester base, bitumen mixed with polymer additives (SBS thermoplastic), filler. The cloth has the protective layer consisting of fine-grained dressing and a polymeric film. The insulator is fastened by welding using gas burner.
Technoelast EKP (polyester + crumb + film)
It is used as the top layer of roofing, for waterproofing basements. Differs in cold resistance, does not crack even when severe frosts. The total thickness of the material is 4.2 mm. The base is a durable non-rotting polyester, on which a layer of bitumen with a thermoplastic is applied, at the bottom is a mineral dressing, consisting of large fractions and reducing the negative effect external environment. On top - a protective synthetic film.
Technoelast HPP (canvas+film+film)
It can be used for waterproofing various sections of buildings and as the bottom (lining) layer of the roofing sheet. Frost-resistant and heat-resistant material. It is a compressed fiberglass coated on all sides with a layer of bitumen with SBS polymer additives, with a protective film that serves as an indicator during welding, prevents the web from sticking.
It does not contain polyester and mineral chips, therefore it has a small thickness (3 mm), suitable for surfaces with low loads.
Technoelast EMP (ether+fine dressing+film)
Durable bio-resistant material, designed for waterproofing building elements (including roofs) and reinforced concrete deck (roadway) of bridges. It consists of a polyester base, bitumen mixed with a polymer modifier, mineral filler (dolomite, talc, etc.) and an outer coating made of fine sand and polymer film. It has a low level of water absorption.
Technoelast TKP (fabric + crumb + film)
It is used for waterproofing underground sections of buildings (basements, foundations), when arranging the upper layers of coatings (flat and pitched roofs), can completely replace the roofing "carpet".
Durable, durable coating mechanical damage, provides protection against water, often used as a vapor barrier. Provides a perfectly even smooth canvas.
The basis is fiberglass, which is covered with a layer of bitumen with SBS modifier. External protection consists of mineral dressing and film. The thickness of the material is 4.2 mm.
Technoelast Alpha
Designed for hydro- and gas protection of underground elements of building structures. Feature of this insulating material is the presence in its composition of metal foil, which protects underground premises from dangerous inert gases - radioactive radon, methane.
Technoelast Alpha consists of several layers. Inner part made of polyester and an aluminum gas barrier, followed by double-sided application of a bitumen-polymer composition, filler and a protective film of polymers. The 4 mm thick multi-layer construction has a high level of protection and can be used as a vapor barrier. Dimensions: 10x1 m.
Technoelast Barrier (BO)
Waterproofing material with self-adhesive surface. It is intended for protection of internal and external elements of buildings. Consists of 1.5 mm polymer film coated with bitumen and thermoplastic. The upper part is a silicone coating that can be easily removed.
BO means "without base". The absence of a base allows to achieve high elasticity and flexibility of the material. A special adhesive applied to the bottom of the canvas provides reliable adhesion to the concrete or metal surface, so no additional base is required.
Laying on combustible elements is possible (high level of fire resistance). At a temperature of vertical surfaces above +85°C, it is not recommended to use it (it may peel off). When working, it must be taken into account that the temperature of the surfaces during gluing should be + 5 ° C, otherwise heating of both the base and the web itself will be required. Dimensions: 20x1 m.
The material is supplied in two versions: Technoelast Barrier (BO) and Technoelast BARRIER (BO) - MINI). "MINI" is distinguished by a smaller width of the canvas. Thanks to small size provides greater ease of use and wide application. It becomes possible to use a waterproofing agent when working in a limited space, to protect small construction and technical elements structures (sealing pipes, seams, joints, etc.). Dimensions: 20x0.2-0.25 m.
Technoelast Barrier Light
Self-adhesive insulating material intended for use in indoor areas- another modification of Technoelast BARRIER (BO). It has all the advantages of this series of protective materials: high elasticity, increased flexibility and a wide range of applications.
It has an additional top coating of non-woven fabric (polypropylene spunbond), on which any decorative elements can be subsequently applied without an additional layer (fastening over waterproofing). Dimensions: 20x1 m.
Technoelast GREEN
special kind waterproofing material, designed for highly effective chemical and mechanical protection of building structures, including the installation of a "green roof".
The roofs of modern urban buildings today perform not only a protective function, they often represent complex structures With big set design elements, arrangement of recreation areas, planting green spaces. "Green roofs" require a special approach when installing waterproofing. Provision should be made for protection against micro-organisms, chemical substances used in the care of plants, the destructive action of the root system.
"Green" consists of a polyester base, on which bitumen with polymeric thermoplastic elastomer, filler, anti-root additives are applied from 2 sides. From above, the canvas is covered with a protective layer consisting of coarse or fine-grained sand and a film. Fire resistant material.
It is produced in two versions: Technoelast GREEN EPP (the upper part is a film) and Technoelast GREEN ECP (a thicker protective layer is 4.2 mm, the top is slate). Dimensions: 10x1 m.
Technoelast ACOUSTIC
It is used as a hydro and sound insulating element in building structures, including when installing floating floors. Significantly reduces exposure impact noise(by 21–26 dB).
The base consists of soundproof fiberglass, on which a bitumen-polymer layer is applied. The canvas is laid end-to-end (soundproofing layer - from the side of the base), taking into account the height of the finish coating, fastened with adhesive tape.
Technoelast ACOUSTIC is produced by applying bitumen with polymer inclusions to the surface of the fiberglass and, additionally, soundproof geotextile. The top layer is film. Dimensions: length / width - 15x1 m, thickness - 2.5 or 4.8 mm.
The material is produced in two versions: Technoelast ACOUSTIC (thickness - 2.5 mm), Technoelast ACOUSTIC-SUPER (differs in a larger web thickness, since the bitumen-polymer composition is applied on both sides).
Technoelast SOLO
material with wide colors, with a coarse-grained top layer and a non-woven fabric underneath. It is used as a waterproofing and in the design of a single-layer roofing. Easy to use, indispensable in cases where simple mechanical fixation is required, laying on a layer of mastic.
It can be applied to the substrate by partial fusing. Has improved fire performance, refers to moderately flammable materials, almost does not spread the flame.
It consists of a polyester base, on which a binder composition of bitumen and polymeric SBS is fixed on both sides, on top - a mineral filler (talc, dolomite, etc.) with the addition of flame retardants. The upper protective layer consists of a coarse-grained dressing (gray slate, aluminized slate, basalt), the lower one is made of a non-woven fabric or film.
The wide edge-overlap on the sides (1-1.2 cm) is covered with fusible material or non-woven fabric for convenience. Can be glued on a base covered with mastic, mechanically or by welding, using automatic equipment. Edges must be carefully sealed to ensure tightness. The material is very durable, the waterproofing layer is 5 mm. Canvas dimensions: 8x1 m.
Technoelast FIX
It is applied at the device of the bottom layer of a roofing covering. A mechanical fastening system is used, followed by the processing of seams with a gas burner. This method can significantly reduce the time of work, provides a free fit of the material to the base.
Work is carried out on the principle of "breathing roof". Laying on combustible bases and any types of insulation is possible, on a roof with a large slope (up to 100%).
Two-layer material: the top layer is Technoelast EKP, the bottom layer is Technoelast FIX, which was developed specifically for roofing with mechanical fastening. Reinforced non-rotting base made of polyester and coated on both sides with a layer of bitumen mixed with SBS polymers allows avoiding deformation.
Coarse sand in the outer (lower) part of the canvas does not allow the material to stick to the base. Polymer film at the top provides additional protection. Dimensions: 10x1 m.
Technoelast EPP is used to create a roofing sheet for buildings and structures, waterproofing protection of foundations, basements, as well as other structures that are subject to constant pressure and deformation. It is very durable and flexible.
Technoelast EPP: characteristics
This product is a SBS-modified multifunctional roofing product. Its application ensures the highest level of reliability. Technoelast EPP is mounted by welding. It is a lining material, therefore, the correct arrangement of a roof or waterproofing implies the obligatory application of a cover layer from above. The material is very practical in installation and operation.
Waterproofing
Technoelast EPP does not deform under loads and pressure. The material is simply stretched while maintaining the integrity of the structure. The canvas does not rot and is resistant to temperature changes. It is designed for waterproofing. the following types objects:
- pools;
- underground garages;
- boiler rooms;
- industrial and loaded roofs;
- subway vaults;
- foundations.
This material goes well with EKP technoelastom(product for creating the outer layer).
Compound
Technoelast is a bituminous material consisting of a polyester base, a binder layer based on polymers and a special protective film. This canvas can be considered duplicated. On its basis, a composition of bitumen, butadine-styrene thermoplastic elastomer and filler is applied on both sides. The latter also has two-sided protection ( polymer film). The basis of the canvas is white polyester, which consists of individual fibers. Thanks to it, EPP technoelast is characterized by high strength, resistance to high humidity and, compared with fiberglass, which stretches only within 2% of its size, polyester is very plastic. Therefore, it is more suitable for operation in conditions of deformation and severe loads. Technoelast EPP is a biostable material. Top and bottom is covered plastic wrap, which protects the web from sticking during transport or storage in rolls.
Installation
Laying of EPP technoelast is carried out using a gas burner according to the deposition method. All work must be carried out in the order in which they are performed. First you need to prepare the base. It is necessary to remove all debris, close up holes and cracks with a special cement-sand-based repair compound or mastic. Then it is necessary to prime the surface with a bitumen-gasoline solution (1: 3) or a primer. It must dry completely. After that, you can start fitting. The rolls are unrolled and laid out on the base in order to estimate the required volume for laying. If necessary, you can make cuts with a knife. Then it is again rolled into rolls. For welding, technoelast and the base are evenly and simultaneously heated. The roll is gradually rolled out, and the canvas is pressed to the surface. It is overlapped (80-100 mm).
Features of waterproofing
Technoelast EPP is a very high quality and modern material. It has excellent technical characteristics and is relatively cheap. Of course, its price is slightly higher than that of conventional counterparts, however given material very economical, resulting in more profit. In addition, this waterproofing roofing sheet is much easier and more convenient to lay. And it lasts a very long time, which allows you to recoup its cost.
Technoelast EPP-Thermo
This material is supplied in rolls. It is an SBS-modified roofing and waterproofing sheet of increased reliability. The material is used to create roofing carpets, arrangements and other capital structures with high requirements for reliability. It can be used in all climatic zones. Unlike a standard type of fabric, technoelast-thermo has an increased heat resistance, which significantly increases its service life. When heated, bituminous compounds do not evaporate into the atmosphere. This material is very durable and flexible. Its use ensures the highest reliability and durability of the waterproofing roofing layer.
