Different plastic windows are included. Types of wooden windows. Varieties of windows depending on the profile design
Importance window opening for any building or structure cannot be overestimated. Thanks to them, the owners of the premises have the opportunity to save on electricity and create a favorable microclimate in living rooms. But for this it is necessary to choose quality window PVC that meets all needs and requirements.
From simple to complex
Studies show that only high-quality plastic windows comply with all norms and requirements, as well as price preferences. It is not surprising that these products are very popular among consumers, which is based on the following parameters:
- availability;
- various types;
- reliability and quality.
Availability is expressed in the cost of plastic windows, which is still the lowest of all categories of goods for this purpose. Moreover, photo and video materials on installation allow you to perform the installation yourself. At the same time, plastic practically does not require maintenance, which is also appreciated by buyers. Reliable mechanisms locks allow not only to open the sashes, but also to use them for various modes of air supply to the room.
But most importantly, it is a variety of types and shapes of window structures, which allows you to make glazing not only functional, but also outwardly attractive. There are all prerequisites for this. The user has a choice the following forms products:
- rectangular;
- square;
- trapezoidal;
- arched;
- round.
Based on these types, a lot of more complex products are produced, the dimensions of which are limited only physical characteristics PVC profile. simple designs do not contain at all or in a small amount additional details that divide the window space into separate fragments that can be opened. And more complex options able to surprise with their design and functionality, which is so attractive to modern builders and designers.
For non-residential premises and production
Form window frame is not the same for rooms of different purposes. For non-residential or industrial buildings, certain types of structures are used that have a simpler manufacturing option. As a rule, these are blind frames, where there is no sash that can be opened. They are designed only to illuminate the interior space, and therefore do not require additional mechanisms.
In some cases, simple window structures are used that can be opened. Most of these products use only the tilt function, when the top of the sash falls halfway down, stopping at an angle of 45 degrees. This is enough to get fresh air necessary for the comfortable work of people. Photos with such products can often be found on the websites of enterprises.
There are also combined forms, when deaf structures are diluted with a transom located in the upper part. This type has big size to get high-quality lighting of the space inside the workshop or warehouse. It is worth noting that the cost of such PVC windows is quite small, which attracts many managers.
Variety of types for living spaces
If production areas need the simplest structures, then for residential buildings products of a more complex configuration are used. This is due to the desire of the owners to get beautiful and multifunctional window systems that provide comfortable living. Therefore, in the offices of manufacturers, buyers carefully study each photo of the proposed product.
Most often, for apartments, a design with two wings is chosen, one of which can be opened in several planes (tilt and turn).
Also for spacious rooms use tricuspid plastic windows. At the same time, one part always remains deaf, since it does not play a key role either in airing the room or in caring for the structure. There are also species in which a deaf transom is located at the top. She is responsible only for the light space.
For the construction of buildings according to individual projects, exclusive plastic windows are required. This involves manufacturing not according to accepted standards, taking into account the design of the facade, which looks harmonious when viewed from the street. Such designs look spectacular not only in the photo, but also real project. Arched profile bends in such structures are almost always present. But there may not be so many opening sashes, since the main function of these plastic windows is aesthetics and beauty. But from external precipitation, as well as wind and other troubles, the structures will protect reliably.
When choosing the necessary window system, one should pay attention not only to aesthetic forms, but also to the quality of the profile itself. The service life of the product depends on it. In addition, the locking system should also be inspected, since if it fails, then the entire structure will cease to be openable. Therefore, the choice should not be based only on photo materials.
Heating and cooling glass
What else is the difference between plastic windows from all the others? The presence of double-glazed windows, which makes these designs unique. There are two types, differing in the number of spaces. Double-glazed windows with one chamber are cheaper, but also less temperature resistant. For severe frosts and high heat, double-glazed windows should be used. Only with the help of such PVC windows indoors it will be cool in summer and warm in winter.
The strength of the profile when using double-glazed windows with two chambers should be maximum. Otherwise, if you open such a sash, it may not withstand and deform, making the structure not working. And for luxury products, this is unacceptable. Therefore, all types of window structures are made of a reinforced profile.
When choosing a double-glazed window, you should pay attention to the size of the cameras themselves. Now you can buy systems with different widths between the panes. It is assumed that the space can be filled with a special gas. Only he guarantees the absence of a dew point on inside PVC windows, but its action has its own time.
There are both rectangular and in the form of other geometric shapes. To calculate the size of the plastic window, take data on the size of the light-aeration opening. In construction, the fact has long been known that for optimal illumination, the window area should occupy 10-15% of the total area of \u200b\u200bthe walls of the room.
For any person operating a plastic window, it is important how the sashes open.
Plastic windows of traditional construction. In such windows, the sashes open inward, which makes it easy to wash them. outer part. This type of window has one serious drawback; in order to open it, you need to free the window sill from all that is superfluous. There is an improved version of this type of window in which the sashes can be opened both outward and inward.
The opening of folding plastic windows occurs in the vertical dimension. The opening is carried out from top to bottom at a slight angle. With this type of window opening, there is a great opportunity for airing the room. Main disadvantage hinged windows is that it is very difficult to clean the outer part.
There are forms of windows that do not open at all - these are the so-called blind windows. This window design is the cheapest to manufacture. The scope of blind windows is quite limited. They are very advantageous to use in buildings where the optimal climatic balance of air is constantly maintained by means of an air conditioning system. It is problematic to wash these plastic windows from the outside in multi-storey buildings, and for this purpose industrial climbers have to be involved. Blind windows are mass-produced for glazing skyscrapers, since it is desirable not to open windows at great heights. In connection with the scope of their application, they are completed with high-strength glasses. This type of window is also often used in industrial buildings, shopping and entertainment centers in which there are systems of climatic equipment. Blind windows can still be used in residential buildings, installing them in technical rooms and on landings.
Various pvc window shapes, in which the sashes open in a tilt-and-turn manner are the most popular. This version of the window combines the advantages of two types of opening, which makes it possible, if necessary, to easily wash the plastic window from all sides, to ventilate the room perfectly, etc.
Sash opening is a specific method that is used in double-leaf plastic windows. It functions on the basis of the relationship between the valves. Shtulpovy form of opening is most often used in conjunction with non-standard form window construction: semicircular, trapezoidal, round, oval, triangular, etc. The window handle first allows a person to open the main sash, and then an additional sash. As a result, the opening of the sashes at the same moment forms a single opening without a vertical partition.
There is another interesting type of opening plastic windows - sliding. When opening such windows, the sashes diverge to the sides thanks to special fittings.
The client can order any form of windows, only it is worth paying careful attention to the dimensions of the room where the window will be inserted, as well as how it will be in harmony with the facade of the building and interior. Take note of which method of opening the sashes will be used in the window, it depends on how convenient it will be for you to use it every day.
Construction of plastic windows.
Consider design of a plastic window of a standard form. Its structure includes: frame, impost, sashes, glazing beads. The frame of a plastic window is a fixed part of the structure installed in the window opening. A sash is a part of a plastic window that opens and closes, it is attached to the frame. When you see that a plastic window is divided into parts by a horizontal or vertical bar, therefore, it is with an impost. The glazing beads are strips that hold the double-glazed window in place.
Shutters, according to the method of opening, are divided into the following types:
1. Tilt and turn - the window sash rotates around the vertical and horizontal lower axis.
2. Rotary - the sash of a plastic window rotates around a vertical axis.
3. Fanlight - the window sash rotates around the lower horizontal axis.
Double-glazed windows represent the design consisting of hermetically fastened glasses. Most often, in the manufacture of plastic windows, glass with a thickness of 4 mm is used, but there are also thicker ones. Triplex double-glazed windows are a special category, they have a very high strength. Triplex by its design consists of two sheets of glass, fastened together with a transparent film.
Double-glazed windows, depending on the number of chambers, are divided into 2 types:
1. Single-chamber - the length of the chamber between two glasses is 24 mm.
2. Two-chamber - two cameras 34 mm and three glasses.
In inner space PVC profile, the role of stiffeners is performed by transverse jumpers. They create a large number of compartments inside the profile, which are filled with air. It is these compartments that give the insulating properties to the profile. How warm the profile will be depends on the number of these compartments, the more of them, the better.
Plastic windows of any shape they are also good because they are safe for health, since the material from which they are made is chemically neutral, and, therefore, does not react with moisture and air.
IN last years more and more plastic windows with three chambers are being manufactured, as they performance characteristics higher. When choosing a profile, you need to focus on the size, location of the cameras and their number. The profile configuration is designed so that each chamber performs its function in it. One serves for the outflow of water, the second increases the rigidity of the profile, the third fastens the fittings.
Recently, three main types of windows have become widespread. Windows are wooden, plastic and aluminum. Each window type has its pros and cons. Next, each specific type of window will be considered in more detail.
Wooden windows. Wood is considered the traditional material for making windows. Since ancient times, almost all windows were made of wood. However, the old traditional windows had significant drawbacks. Due to insufficient processing, the wood dried up and deformed over time, which in turn affected both the thermal insulation of the window and the functioning of the mobility of the window structure. Modern wooden windows are made taking into account the characteristics and properties natural material. For production wooden windows use leafy and conifers tree. In more expensive and high-quality modern wooden windows, precious wood is used. The material for the window is a carefully processed and prepared timber. The wood is dried to a certain value and covered various formulations, which allow you to withstand sudden temperature changes, precipitation and humidity. Such processing significantly increases the life of the window and gives it additional strength. More expensive windows are not made from solid timber, but from a material that is several layers of durable wood glued together. The strength of such material increases significantly and, accordingly, the service life of the window increases. It is worth noting that modern processing wood material allows you to equip windows with more functional fittings compared to traditional windows. The main advantage of wooden windows was and remains of course natural origin material. Moreover, modern wooden windows are equipped with high-quality double-glazed windows and have good thermal insulation. Accordingly, such windows have a rather high cost.
Plastic windows. Plastic windows have replaced the old wooden windows. Until recently, plastic windows were installed only by people with above-average incomes. However, the situation is changing and recently plastic windows have been successfully installed in private houses, in state and industrial institutions, that is, they become available to almost every family. Modern plastic windows meet all the requirements for thermal insulation, strength, and appearance. The plastic window is a frame made of durable PVC profile in which the sashes are fixed. Double-glazed windows are attached to the window sashes, which can have one or more chambers. Chambers in a double-glazed window are formed due to tightly fastened glasses. The unused space of the frame and sashes has air baffles, which in themselves are a heat insulator. The strength of the plastic window is provided by high-strength plastic or metallic profile in the window frame. Windows with a metal base are also called metal-plastic windows. These windows are highly durable. Plastic windows have a beautiful appearance suitable for any type of building. In addition, windows made to suit all requirements state standard they also have environmental and fire safety.
Aluminum windows. Some buildings successfully use so-called aluminum windows. The main material for such windows is aluminum. The main advantage of such windows is, of course, the high strength of the window structure. Moreover, these windows are highly environmentally friendly. This material allows you to make window designs of a wider size. However, these windows have one significant drawback, which is the high thermal conductivity of the material. For this reason, aluminum windows have not received such widespread like other types of windows. However, there is a type of combined aluminum windows. These windows are covered with aluminum on the outside, but are equipped with various heat-insulating materials. In addition, aluminum windows require careful handling. Deformation or destruction of the outer coating of the material can shorten the life of the window, since aluminum is prone to oxidation.
Photo
To understand the huge range of plastic profiles and choose the best, you need to familiarize yourself with the classification into types of plastic windows according to certain criteria.
Modern plastic windows are distinguished by a huge variety of configurations and color options.
It is no longer possible to imagine new houses under construction without plastic profiles in various variations, because they have taken their stable place in the goods market due to their qualities. This information will be useful both to people who do not know what windows distinguish today, and to owners who no longer meet the requirements of modern society.
So, if you decide to purchase a profile for your apartment, then you need to get acquainted with their varieties.
And it’s also worth deciding on your choice before calling the manager who will help you with resolving questions about the number of shutters, cameras and parameters of a future purchase.
Profile classification
The most convenient variant of the tricuspid one in operation is the two extreme opening sashes.
There are the following types used in ordinary apartments:
- with one sash (single-sash);
- with two wings (double-leaf);
- with three doors (three-leaf).
If the profile type is single-leaf, then it is usually made with an opening function. Double-leaf can be made in two variations (depending on the customer's desire): one leaf opens or both open. The following combinations are feasible in a three-leaf one: an opening sash - one, usually located on the edge; the second and most convenient option in operation - two extreme opening doors; Another option is possible when all three wings can be opened, but this is not practical. It should be remembered that the fewer opening doors, the cheaper the installation will be (and vice versa).
Door opening method
There are the following types of plastic:
plastic may have various ways openings: A) Rotary - the most common type. The sash opens inwards. B) Folding transoms - the sash leans inward. C) Tilt and turn window - this type is very convenient to use and allows you to open the sash in two planes, which provides a greater variability of ventilation modes. D) Deaf - this does not open and is used, as a rule, in blocks when an approach is provided from the outside.
- Deaf. This is not able to open and has, as a rule, one leaf. Due to the low cost, ease of design in manufacture and installation, this type of profile has become widespread. Deaf ones are usually installed on the ground floor in a multi-storey building, in the wall between the balcony and the room, and also when the opening is small and the opening of the sash is unprincipled. The main disadvantage of this type is the inability to clean the outside while in the room, to ventilate the air.
- With swivel opening. This view is also simple. Its essence lies in the fact that one side is hinged. To open the window, you just need to pull the handle, and it will open with a rotation around the fixed axis. Opens on itself, inside the room. This principle is already familiar to you, it is used in all old wooden windows. Such species have advantages over deaf ones. IN this case you can get to the outside, clean from dust, precipitation and dirt. Another plus of this profile is that you can freely ventilate the room.
- With fanlight opening method. Another name for this type is folding plastic. This principle works like a window when the plane is rotated horizontally (this is the main difference from the previous view). The tilt-and-turn mechanism of the profile is difficult to manufacture, but it is the most convenient and in demand on the market of plastic profiles. The sashes can either go up or down.
- Combined method. This method involves a combination of the possibility of a rotary opening of the profile sash and a tilt-and-turn mechanism. Thus, depending on the desired result, you can open the window with a full turn or use a transom. To implement this combination, the manufacturer sets the possibility of turning the handle in different directions. So, if you need to open it with a rotary vertical mechanism, then the handle is turned to a horizontal position and pulled towards you. To open the window, turn the handle up to vertical position and lower it slightly.
These are very handy when you need to ventilate the room. The window, formed by a slot in the folding mechanism, serves to supply fresh air in a small amount. This is convenient in winter or in the cold season, when opening the window wide open is fraught with freezing, and cool fresh inflow air is needed. Similarly, in hot weather, it is better to use a rotary mechanism for ventilation.
Number of cameras
The simplest double-glazed windows are single-chamber. These fit well into the interior of a country house. In urban areas, where more serious noise protection is needed, it is advisable to choose a plastic window with double-glazed windows, in which there are 2-3 cameras.
The number of chambers in a double-glazed window determines its heat-insulating and noise-insulating properties. Distinguish:
- Single chamber. The presence of two glasses separated by one gap.
- Two-chamber. The presence of three panes separated by two corresponding gaps.
- Three-chamber, etc.
Most often, firms that provide services for the selection and installation of plastic windows offer to limit themselves to two- or three-chamber windows. Although even a two-chamber reliably protects against frost middle lane Russia. Of course, for colder climates, such as northern regions, you should set the profile with big amount cameras. Accordingly, the more chambers, the stronger the effect of thermal insulation.
difference in shape
Plastic is characterized by flexibility, so with the help of a special technology it can be given a different shape.
The choice of variety for this property depends on taste preferences and on the design features of the wall in which it is mounted. So, it can be conditionally divided into windows:
- rectangular profile. This is the most popular type that is built into residential and office rooms buildings. They are also the cheapest option among their counterparts;
- trapezoidal profile;
- triangular profile;
- arched profile and others possible options more complex, made to order.
To increase safety, you can install a double-glazed window with impact-resistant glass. When broken, the glass shatters into many small rounded fragments that do not have sharp edges.
In addition to all the listed classifications, you can also choose windows in which the glass will not be ordinary, but shockproof. One of the features of this type of new generation is energy-saving properties. plastic double-glazed window. Their essence is that the profile glass, covered with a special film that reflects light in the infrared wavelength range, does not transmit thermal energy from the room to the outside.
In addition, it is worth considering the possibility of ordering not a standard white plastic, but any original views, because now there is a wide choice of dyes added to plastic, or films that imitate a wooden texture with veins and knots.
In general, among huge selection plastic windows you can find your ideal and suitable window, guided by your wishes and the range of profile options offered.
