Technoelast laying technology. Technoelast: characteristics and application features. Improvement of the surface for high-quality deposition
I approve:
CEO
CJSC "TechnoNIKOL"
_________ / Kolesnikov S.A. /
Management
for the design and installation of roofs from the materials of the company
"TechnoNIKOL" Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast SOLO,
laid on cold mastic.
Moscow 2004
Guidelines for the design and installation of roofs made of TechnoNIKOL materials Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast SOLO laid on mastic developed by TechnoNIKOL CJSC (Fisyurenko D.A. technical specialist of the TechnoNIKOL Roofing Company, Gorelov Yu.A. Sales Director of the TechnoNIKOL company , Koldashev S.N. specialist of the technical support department of the company "TekhnoNIKOL"). The manual takes into account the remarks and additions of Voronin A.M. (Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head of the Roofing Department of TsNIIPROMZDANIY).
Implementation of modern construction projects poses new challenges for builders. To solve them, it is necessary to use new construction technologies and materials. The TechnoNIKOL company presents a series of rolled materials intended for laying on mastics.
Roofs made of materials laid on mastic are suitable in cases where the traditional laying technology (welding gas burner) is not applicable. Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast SOLO materials allow waterproofing works without open flame.
It is also possible to combine in one roofing carpet various technologies styling. The first layer of the roofing carpet can be laid on the mastic, and the second layer is welded over the first one. The need for such laying arises, for example, when installing a roofing carpet on a wooden base.
The high flexibility and elasticity of materials makes it possible to use them on surfaces of any complexity and in confined spaces.
Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast SOLO materials can be laid on combustible types of substrates (wood, plywood). The ease of laying materials allows you to make the work quick and convenient.
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS .
1.1. These Guidelines are intended for use in the design, installation and repair of roofs made of Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast SOLO materials manufactured by the TechnoNIKOL Roofing Company.
1.2. The guide was developed in addition to chapter 2 of SNiP II-26-76* “Roofs. Design standards” SNiP 3.04.01-87 “Insulating and finishing coatings” and “Roofs. Guidance on design, device, acceptance rules and quality assessment methods.
1.3. Roof slopes are accepted in accordance with the norms for the design of buildings and structures. For maximum service life roofing the slope of the base must be at least 2%. With such a slope, water is usually completely drained from the entire surface of the roofing carpet through external or internal drains.
1.4. When installing a single-layer roof made of Technoelast SOLO material, the slope of the base must be at least 2.5%.
1.5. The device and repair of roofs should be carried out by specialized organizations on the basis of working drawings, a project for the production of works, the conclusion of an expert commission, this Guide and standard technological maps for the installation of roofing.*
1.6. Materials of the Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast Solo series can be used for roofing in all climatic zones of construction in the Russian Federation.
* In cases of discrepancy between this Guide and the conclusion of the expert commission, the conclusion should be followed.
2. MATERIALS USED.
The materials used for roofing must comply with the requirements of the technical specifications. To do this, a selective check (incoming control) is carried out for each batch of materials received at the construction site. In case of non-compliance of materials with the requirements normative documents, the batch is rejected and returned to the supplier.
The following bitumen-polymer materials are used for the installation of a roofing carpet:
Technoelast-Prime (TU 5774-003-00287852-99) - specialized materials laid on mastic.
Technoelast-Prime EMM (TU 5774-003-00287852-99) - a specialized material for the lower layer of the roofing carpet, designed for laying on cold mastic on concrete bases, prefabricated screeds from pressed sheets flat slate or DSP (cement particle board) and reinforced cement-sand mortar screeds. The material can also be laid on hot mastic on a heater made of rigid mineral wool boards. The material is made on a polyester base reinforced with glass mesh in two directions. Such a base provides high dimensional stability and high elongation to break - at least 30%. The material is coated on both sides with fine quartz sand.
Technoelast-Prime EKM (TU 5774-003-00287852-99) - a specialized material for the top layer of the roofing mat, designed for laying on cold mastic. This material used for roofing on cement-sand or prefabricated screeds, as well as on foundations made of concrete slabs. The material on the underside is covered with fine quartz sand, on the upper side it is covered with shale dressing. The material is made on a polyester base reinforced with glass mesh in two directions. This base ensures high stability. geometric dimensions and high elongation to break - not less than 30%. To form a high-quality side overlap, the edge of the material is covered with a siliconized film. The siliconized film is removed directly during the formation of the side overlap, when laying the adjacent roll.
Technoelast SOLO EKM (TU 5774-003-00287852-99) - a specialized material used for single-layer laying, including on mastics, in addition, it is possible to fuse the material with a gas burner. The width of the side overlap is 120 mm. The edge of the material is closed, just like the Technoelast-Prime EKM material, with a siliconized film. The material is based on polyester.
Bitumen-polymer mastic "Vishera" TU 5775-020-17925162-2004 - cold (solvent) bitumen-polymer mastic is used for gluing materials to a concrete base, cement-sand or prefabricated screed. It is also used for sealing the places where the roofing mat adjoins vertical surfaces, it is applied to the fold on top of the edge rail.
Bitumen-polymer mastic "Eureka" TU 5775-010-17925162-2003 - hot (warmed up before use) bitumen-polymer mastic. Does not contain solvent. When preparing the base, it is used to fill cracks in the base, when puttying irregularities and small chips. Before use, it is necessary to warm up the mastic to 160-180ºС. Mastic must be heated in boilers with continuous stirring.
“Bitumen Primer” TU 5775-011-17925162-2003 - used for priming surfaces made of concrete slabs, cement-sand and prefabricated screeds.
Bitumen-polymer mastic "Technomast" TU 5775-018-17925162-2004 - cold (solvent-based) bitumen-polymer mastic is used as a primer before laying materials on plywood bases and OSB boards. It cannot be used as an adhesive mastic for gluing Technoelast-Prime materials.
Adhesion of materials to a base of concrete slabs or cement-sand screed can be done using cold (solvent-containing) or hot (solvent-free, hot application) bitumen-polymer mastics.
To stick the material on a base of concrete slabs or cement-sand screeds, cold bitumen-polymer mastic "Vishera" (TU 5775-020-17925162-2004), manufactured by ”TekhnoNIKOL”*, can be used. Bitumen-polymer mastics used for gluing must have a dry residue of more than 70% (solvent less than 30%) and heat resistance of at least 100ºС. The flexibility temperature of the mastic must be at least minus 25ºC.
Fixing the edge of the roofing carpet on vertical surfaces can be carried out using a special aluminum rail or a galvanized steel rail.
To seal the junction of the roofing carpet to vertical surfaces, use bituminous sealants or Vishera mastic. Mastic is laid in the limb of the edge rail. To seal the joints of concrete panels or galvanized steel aprons, we recommend using one-component polyurethane or polysulfide (thiokol) roofing sealants. The use of silicone sealants for sealing roof structures and interfaces is not recommended due to their non-repairability.
It is recommended to use ready-made rubber transition elements (fittings) in the joints of the roofing mat with pipes.
* - The compatibility of Technoelast-Prime and Technoelast SOLO materials with Vishera mastic was tested in the laboratory and in practice.
3. DESIGN SOLUTIONS.
Roofing carpets laid on a base of cement-sand screeds, concrete or monolithic reinforced concrete slabs. For gluing use cold bitumen-polymer mastic “Vishera.
* - The material of the upper layer is welded with a propane torch.
** - For laying on cold mastic, Technoelast SOLO EKM material is used with an anti-adhesive siliconized film along the edge of the material. The release film is removed immediately before gluing the adjacent roll.
4. Requirements for the base under the roof.
Flat surfaces can serve as the basis for a waterproofing carpet:
· reinforced concrete bearing slabs, the seams between which are sealed cement-sand mortar brands not lower than 150;
· leveling monolithic reinforced screeds made of cement-sand mortar with a compressive strength of at least 15 MPa (mortar grade - M150);
· prefabricated screeds from pressed flat slate slabs or cement-bonded particle boards;
· wooden bases (bases made of moisture-resistant plywood, oriented strand board (OSB), etc.).
Requirements for foundations made of concrete slabs and reinforced cement-sand screeds.
The surface of the base must be free from pits, cement-sand mixture sagging, sharp-edged irregularities, oil stains and dust. Oil stains are burned out, the influxes are cut down. Potholes and sinks up to 15 mm deep are filled with non-shrink putty compounds. Small potholes and cracks are smeared with a primer, and after it dries, puttied with hot mastic "Eureka" TU 5775-010-17925162-2003.
The base surface must be even and smooth. When checking the evenness of the surface with a three-meter rail, the gaps under it should only be a smooth outline. The maximum clearance depth must not exceed 5 mm along the slope and 10 mm across the slope. The deviation of the base plane from the specified slope is not more than 0.2%.
At the points of contact with walls, parapets, ventilation shafts and other roof structures, inclined sides (fillets) at an angle of 45º from a cement-sand mortar, 100 mm high, should be made.
In cement-sand screeds, temperature-shrinkage seams should be made, dividing the screed into sections of no more than 6 × 6 m. The seams must coincide with the end seams of the bearing plates.
Vertical walls of structures protruding above the roof plane and made of piece materials (brick, foam blocks, etc.) must be plastered with cement-sand mortar M 150 to the height of the roofing carpet (at least 300 mm).
The surface of parapet walls, ventilation shafts, bases of roof fans made of piece materials (brick, foam blocks, etc.) must be completely plastered with cement-sand mortar M 150.
Ironing of the surface of the screed on which the material is glued is prohibited.
Requirements for foundations from prefabricated screeds.
The differences between the individual screed slabs must not exceed 3 mm in height.
The prefabricated screed slabs are laid in two layers with mechanical fastening between the layers.
In places of increased wind load (near parapets, in the corners of the roof, junctions to nodes protruding above the roof plane), it is necessary to fix the prefabricated screed to wooden bars previously fixed to the roof base.
Screed slabs laid in adjacent rows must be displaced relative to each other so that the end seams do not coincide. The slabs of the second layer must also be displaced relative to the slabs of the first layer in order to exclude the coincidence of the joints of the slabs.
For bases made of prefabricated screeds at the junctions with walls, parapets, ventilation shafts and other roof structures, inclined sides are made at an angle of 45º from hard mineral wool insulation, section 100x100.
Requirements for wooden bases (From moisture-resistant plywood and OSB boards).
Sheets of moisture-resistant plywood should be attached to the rafter legs using ruffed bunches or self-tapping screws. End joints of plywood sheets must be fixed on the rafter leg.
Differences between individual plywood sheets should not exceed 3 mm in height.
To increase service life wooden structure we recommend treating wooden surfaces with an antiseptic.
5. Laying material.
Laying of materials on cold bitumen-polymer mastics can be carried out at an air temperature above +5ºС.At air temperatures below +5º From work they produce in greenhouses.
Laying on a wet or moist substrate is not allowed. Before waterproofing, the surface to be insulated must be dry. The moisture content of concrete or cement-sand screed in the surface layer at a depth of 20 mm should be no more than 4%.
Surface preparation concrete base, cement-sand and prefabricated screed for laying material.
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The material can only be laid on a pre-primed base. As a primer, use “Primer Bituminous Concentrate”, diluted in the required proportion with gasoline, or a ready-made bituminous primer. On vertical walls, before applying the primer, it is necessary to stick on the entire perimeter masking tape. The lower edge of the tape should be raised to the height of the Technoelast-Prime institution. The primer is applied with a brush over the entire surface of the forthcoming laying of the material, including the vertical one. The material is glued only after the primed surface has completely dried (no traces of bitumen should remain on the swab applied to the dried primer). To avoid moistening and dusting of the primed surface, the laying of the material must be carried out immediately after the primed surface has dried. |
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Preparation of the surface of the bases From moisture-resistant plywood and OSB boards.
INSTALLATION OF ADDITIONAL LAYERS OF ROOFING CARPET.
The implementation of the roofing carpet begins with pasting with an additional layer of reinforcement of the junction of the roofing carpet with roof structures and roof elements. These nodes include the junction of the roofing carpet to the parapet walls, ventilation or elevator shafts, installation sites drain funnels, places for piping through the roof. Additional layers are also laid in places of overhangs.
Technoelast-Prime EMM material is used as the material for the additional layer. The adhesive bitumen-polymer mastic "Vishera" is used for material stickers.
Laying material in places where the roofing mat adjoins vertical surfaces (connections of the roofing mat with parapet walls, walls of neighboring buildings, elevator shafts, ventilation pipes rectangular section etc.):
After laying the Technoelast-Prime EMM material, its surface is rolled with a silicone roller. This allows you to increase the adhesion of the material to the base and squeeze out excess mastic.
In places of passage through the roof steel pipes an additional layer of Technoelast-Prime EMM material is also laid. The size of a piece of reinforcement material must be at least 500× 500 mm. The edge of the reinforcement material must be at least 150 mm from the edge of the pipe.
In places where wall gutters or overhangs are installed, a layer of reinforcement is also laid before installing galvanized steel ebbs. The material of the reinforcement layer should extend onto the front part by 100 mm and protrude from under the galvanized steel tide by 150 mm.
Laying the first layer of Technoelast-Prime material on a horizontal surface.
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Gluing the material must be carried out from low areas up the slope. In roofs with an internal drain, the laying of the material begins from the funnel; in roofs with an unorganized drain, the material begins to be glued from the very bottom point roofs - from the overhang. Laying the first layer material on a horizontal surface: Before laying the material, the roll must be rolled out and tried on in place. During fitting, it is necessary to achieve a snug fit of the roll to vertical and other adjacent surfaces. When trying on a roll, a side overlap of 80-100 mm and an end overlap of at least 150 mm are set. |
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After these preparatory operations, the roll is carefully folded to the middle. The material is glued from the middle to both sides. At material laying, gluing mastic is applied to the base with a notched trowel. Mastic is not applied to the glued material. Applying the mastic should take place immediately before the roll to be glued. If the material has not been laid on the mastic applied to the base within 5 minutes, it is necessary to apply an additional layer of mastic before gluing. Mastic is applied over the entire area of gluing. Mastic is also applied to the place of the side seam. When laying the material to the base, the mastic consumption is 1.4 - 1.8 kg / m 2. The laying of the material is carried out by two roofers. One of the workers applies the mastic, and the second smoothes the material to the base with a brush and rolls out the roll. |
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Smoothing the material with a wide brush is necessary in order to remove voids and expel air bubbles from under the material. Smoothing is done from the center of the roll to the edges, expelling air through the edges of the panel. The fully glued roll is additionally rolled with a heavy stacking roller. Side and end overlaps are rolled especially carefully. The overlaps are rolled with a small silicone roller, so that excess mastic is squeezed out from under the overlap after rolling. The squeezed-out mastic is smeared over the surface with a spatula. |
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Laying the Second layer of Technoelast-Prime material on a horizontal surface.
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The labeling of the material of the upper layer is carried out similarly to the labeling of the material of the first layer. The consumption of mastic for gluing is 0.8 - 1.2 kg/m 2 . The places of end overlaps, junctions with various structures are the most critical in the construction of the roof, so they need to be given increased attention. To ensure the tightness of the places of end overlaps, the dressing is removed from the material web by the amount of overlap. By heating the place where the topping was removed with a hot air dryer, the topping is removed with a spatula. The end overlap must be at least 150 mm. |
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To form a high-quality end overlap, a corner of the material is cut off at the end of the roll. The size of the corner is 150 mm in length and 80-100 mm in width.
After removing the topping and trimming the corner, a layer of bitumen-polymer mastic is applied to the place where the end overlap is formed.
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Roll the place of gluing the material with a silicone roller. Squeezed out mastic from under the side and end seam is sprinkled with sprinkles on top. The applied dressing must be pressed into the bitumen-polymer mastic.
The design of the junctions also requires special attention of the roofer.
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From the overlap, at a distance of 150 mm, the dressing is removed using the previously described method (using a hot air dryer and a spatula). |
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After that, a layer of mastic is applied to the place of the removed dressing. Mastic is also applied to the height of the introduction of the material to the vertical. |
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Pieces of the adjoining material pre-cut to size are glued from top to bottom. |
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Rolling the material with a silicone roller is a mandatory procedure. |
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When forming the inner corner of the roof, pieces of material at the junctions are cut in place. In the corners of the roof, the material may move away from the surface after the mastic dries. Such places are heated with a hot air dryer and pressed to the base. |
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After completing the sticker of the material on the junctions and the formation of all internal and external corners, proceed to the final stage of the roof. The upper edge of the material is fixed with a metal rail. The rail is fixed with self-tapping screws using an electric screwdriver. The distance between the rails along the plane and in the corners should be 5-10 mm. |
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The upper limb of the edge rail is filled with bituminous sealant or bitumen-polymer mastics "Vishera" or "Fixer". Mastics are applied with a spatula. |
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The mastic is carefully smeared to make a tight connection between the wall and the edge rail. |
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6. Cutting material and making roof units.
Option for cutting and laying material in the outer corner of the roof.
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The formation of the node begins after the preparation of the laying surface. As a reinforcing layer on the joints, Technoelast-Prime EMM is used, which is laid on an adhesive mastic and rolled with a silicone roller. The material must be brought to the transitional ledge, and go to the horizontal plane by 100 mm. |
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When forming places of reinforcement, the material is cut directly in the corner of the roof and an overlap of the material is arranged. |
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The material of the first layer of the roofing carpet is brought to the transitional ledge. If necessary, the roll of roofing material closest to the parapet wall is cut along the web so that the edge of the roll is closely adjacent to the transitional ledge. It is necessary to roll with a roller the places where the material of the first layer overlaps on the material of the additional reinforcement layer. |
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The material of the first layer is glued to the parapet on the mastic, and on the horizontal surface of the base it is glued to a width of 150 mm. |
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The adjacent sheet of material is also laid on the mastic. In places of bending, the material is cut, and the edges of the material are wrapped in a corner and welded with a hot air dryer. |
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A patch is placed at the junction of the panels of the roofing material, which prevents the penetration of water at the place where the base is cut. |
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The second layer of material on the plane is laid similarly to the first layer. Particular attention should be paid to places where the material overlaps. When forming places of end overlaps on a material with a coarse-grained dressing, the dressing should be sunk with a spatula preheated by a hot air dryer to a distance of 150 mm (transverse overlap width). |
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The junctions are also made with coarse-grained dressing embedded, however, the distance from the transitional edge is 250 mm (the width of the overlap of the material on the horizontal plane). |
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The blanks of Technoelast-Prime material are laid on the parapet on the Vishera mastic. Places where the material is bent vertical surface welded with a hot air dryer. The upper edge of the material is brought to the facade vertical plane of the parapet wall by 50 mm. |
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After the coarse-grained dressing has been embedded on the Technoelast-Prime EKM material, mastic is laid with a spatula in the places of the forthcoming overlap of the material. |
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Formation outer corner roofs are finished by cutting off the material adjacent to the corner of the web with a roofing knife in place. Rolling with a silicone roller until the mastic is squeezed out from under the canvas is the final procedure. It should be noted that the amount of mastic output should not exceed 3-5 mm. |
Option for cutting and laying material in the inner corner of the roof.
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The formation of the node begins after the preparation of the laying surface. A bituminous primer must be applied to the laying site, and after it has dried, the material can be glued. In the corner of the roof, Technoelast-Prime EMM is used as a reinforcing layer at the junctions, which is laid on the Vishera or Fixer mastic. Mastic is applied to the place of gluing. Mastic is not applied to the glued material. After laying, the material is rolled with a silicone roller. The material should be brought to the transitional ledge and go to the horizontal plane by 100 mm. |
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In the place where the reinforcing layer overlaps, the strips of material are cut and laid on the transitional ledge. |
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When laying the first layer of material on the base, the edges of the Technoelast-Prime EMM material are brought to the transitional edge. If necessary, the roll of roofing material closest to the parapet wall is cut along the web so that the edge of the roll is closely adjacent to the transitional ledge. |
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All overlaps must be rolled with a silicone roller. The material of the first layer is glued to the parapet on the mastic. The material must extend 150 mm on the horizontal part of the base. Precise adjustment of the material is carried out when the material is affixed - in place. |
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A reinforcing strip of Technoelast-Prime EMM is laid at the junction of the panels of the roofing material, which prevents the penetration of water at the junction of adjacent panels of the first layer material. The width of the glued strip is 200 mm. The material is glued into the corner with a hot air dryer. |
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From above, the corner of the parapet wall is also covered with a piece of material. The tongue of the piece of reinforcement must be heated with a hairdryer and pressed against the base. |
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The material of the top layer of the Technoelast-Prime EKM roofing mat is brought close to the transitional inclined edge. The material is laid on the Vishera mastic. All places of overlap are rolled with rollers. |
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Before pasting the parapet, a coarse-grained dressing from the material is embedded with a hot air dryer and a spatula at a distance of 250 mm from the edge of the transitional ledge. |
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In the corner, the Technoelast-Prime EKM material, laid on the parapet, is cut in place with a roofing knife. |
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An additional amplification band is installed on top of the corner. In the place of its installation, a coarse-grained dressing is pre-embedded. |
The reinforcement strip is welded with a hot air gun.
The device adjoining to a parapet up to 450 mm high.
After preparing the base, a layer of reinforcement of the roofing carpet is laid at the junction. The material is laid on the Vishera mastic. Roofing material can be brought to the top of the parapet wall if its height does not exceed 450 mm. After laying the reinforcement, the first layer of the roofing carpet is performed. Between the laying of the first and second layers of the roofing carpet, at least 3 days must pass. When laying the second layer (with dressing), at the place of overlap of the material laid on the horizontal part and the material laid on the parapet wall, the dressing is embedded to the width of the overlap. In order to drown the dressing, the overlap area is heated with a hot air dryer and smoothed with a trowel, pressing it into the bitumen-polymer binder of the material. After gluing the panel of the second layer of material, it is rolled with a manual silicone roller. Places where a large amount of mastic has squeezed out from under the overlap, it is sprinkled with sprinkles and pressed to the base.
Connection device to a plastered brick wall.
In cases where the roofing carpet is adjacent to vertical wall building, it is brought to a vertical surface by at least 300 mm and fixed to the base. Fixing the roofing mat on a vertical wall can be done using an edge rail. Features of laying the material are completely similar to those described in the previous paragraph. The rail is fixed with roofing screws using an electric screwdriver. The upper limb of the edge rail is filled with Vishera sealing mastic.
Installation of an internal drainage unit.
The formation of the node begins immediately after the preparation of the base for laying the material. A blank of Technoelast-Prime EMM material is placed on the primed surface at the funnel installation site. Laying is carried out on the Vishera mastic. The size of the stacked workpiece must be at least 500 × 500 mm, while the distance from the edge of the funnel to the edge of the reinforcement piece must be at least 150 mm. After laying each layer of material on this node, it is rolled with a silicone roller. If the material moves away from the base after the mastic has dried, these places are glued with a hot air dryer.
Adjacency of a roofing carpet to a pipe.
The shaped rubber element at the place where the pipe passes through the roof is installed directly on the material of the lower layer of the roofing on the Vishera mastic.
It is allowed to glue shaped elements with hot bitumen-polymer mastic "Evrika". This allows you to shorten the assembly time (no need to wait until the mastic, on which the shaped element is glued, dries). To seal the junction of the pipe and the top of the shaped element, polyurethane or thiacol (polysulfide) sealants are used.
Device for overhang of unorganized drainage system.
The device for the overhang of an unorganized drain begins with the laying of a reinforcement layer on the roof overhang.
The material of the reinforcement layer should extend onto the front part by 100 mm and protrude from under the galvanized steel tide by 150 mm. The reinforcement layer is placed on the Visher mastic. After fixing the "T"-shaped fasteners to the wooden bars, mastic is applied to the installation site of the galvanized overhang and the overhang is fixed. The sticker of the layers of the main waterproofing carpet on the eaves is carried out in the same way as on the main plane.
Expansion joint device.
The formation of the node of the expansion joint is carried out in the sequence described in. "Adjacency to the parapet".
7. REPAIR OF ROOFING CARPET.
Minor damage to the roofing mat, such as punctures, cuts, are repaired by patching the surface of the roofing mat.
The patch must have rounded edges and overlap the damaged surface by at least 100 mm in all directions.
How to install the patch:
· Clean the area of damage from debris and dust.
· Warming up the place of installation of the patch with a hot air dryer, drown the dressing with a spatula in upper layer bitumen-polymer binder.
· Cut out a 100 mm patch covering the damage to the roofing mat and round off the corners on the patch.
· Apply Vishera bitumen-polymer mastic to the damaged area and install the patch.
· Additionally, roll the patch with a roller so that the excess mastic is squeezed out along the edges of the patch.
8. QUALITY CONTROL ROOF VERSIONS . ACCEPTANCE RULES.
The installation of the roof must be preceded by the acceptance of the base or leveling layer. Upon acceptance of the leveling layer, its compliance with the requirements of this Guide is determined.
The evenness of the base and its roughness are checked with a three-meter rail according to GOST 2789 -75 *. The rail is laid on the surface of the base in the longitudinal and transverse directions and, using the meter included in the kit, the gaps are measured along the length, rounding the measurement results to 1 mm. The gaps under the three-meter rail should only be of a smooth outline and not more than one per 1 m. The maximum depth of the gap should not exceed 5 mm.
The moisture content of the base is assessed immediately before the waterproofing device by a non-destructive method using a surface moisture meter, for example, VSKM-12, or on base samples in accordance with GOST 5802-86. Humidity is determined at three points of the insulated surface. With a roof area of more than 500 m 2, the number of measurement points is increased by one for every 500 m 2, but not more than six points.
Before laying materials, roofing materials are accepted according to passports in accordance with GOST 2678-94 and GOST 26627-85, comparing the physical and mechanical characteristics with those given in this Guide. At the request of the customer for a control check of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the material, tests are performed in accordance with the Specifications for its production and GOST 2678-94. Determining the quantitative characteristics of the characteristics must also be performed in the case of an overdue warranty period for the storage of the material. In case of non-compliance of the received materials with the regulatory requirements, a marriage certificate is drawn up and such materials are not used in the production of work.
Upon acceptance of the roof, a visual inspection of the continuity of the gluing of the roofing material over the entire surface is carried out, the presence of defects in the gluing of the waterproofing is determined. The quality of waterproofing bonding is determined visually by the presence or absence of bubbles.
In the presence of bubbles on the roofing carpet, indicating the absence of its gluing to the base, they are eliminated. The bubble is cut crosswise. The non-glued ends of the material are folded over, “Vishera” mastic is applied to the base and the bent edges are glued, rolling the place of the bubble with a roller. The upper surface of the material at the patch installation site is heated with a hot air dryer and the dressing is embedded with a spatula. In place of the bubble, a patch is installed that covers the damaged area in all directions of the cuts by 100 mm. The patch material is glued onto the Vishera mastic. No more than three patches per 100 m 2 are allowed.
The results of the acceptance of the roof are drawn up by an act for hidden works the established form.
9. SAFETY IN PERFORMANCE OF WATERPROOFING WORKS.
The performance of work on the installation of roofs with a waterproofing carpet made of bitumen-polymer materials Technoelast-Prime should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 12-03-01 "Labor safety in construction"; "Fire safety rules in Russian Federation"(PPB-01-93).
To work on the installation and repair of roofs, men are allowed at least 21 years old, who have passed preliminary and periodic medical examinations in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; having vocational training; as well as introductory briefing on labor safety, fire and electrical safety, work permit.
The work must be carried out by waterproofers who have passed in due course technical minimum for production technology and safety. Work management and quality control should be carried out by persons with experience roofing works. Each worker, upon admission to work, must undergo a briefing at the workplace with a corresponding entry in the log.
The facility must have guidance materials for the production of works.
Work must be carried out in accordance with the requirements fire safety. Workplaces must be equipped with fire extinguishing equipment.
The application of primer compositions on the base should be carried out in the direction coinciding with the direction of air movement (against the wind). In calm weather it is necessary to use respirators with a charcoal filter.
When working with primers and mastics containing a solvent, it is prohibited to use an open flame in the work area. It is unacceptable to combine work, as a result of which sparking occurs (work on cutting metal, grinding it, etc.), with work with compositions containing a solvent.
The stock of solvent-containing materials at the workplace should not exceed shift needs.
The skin of the face and hands should be protected with special protective pastes and creams.
There must be funds in the workplace personal protection: goggles, earmuffs, respirators, gloves, protective clothing and shoes. Shoes must have non-slip soles. It is not allowed to work in shoes with horseshoes in the sole, nails that can damage waterproofing coatings.
10. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION.
Before the start of roofing work on the territory of the facility, places for storing materials should be allocated.
When working with roofing materials, pallets, labels, scraps of materials, buckets from primers and mastics are released. Their collection and disposal must be carried out in specially designated places.
Comparison of pasting waterproofing TechnoNIKOL EPP with coating waterproofing penetrating type - Maxsil Super
To date, the most common types of waterproofing (in particular those relating to foundations) include two types:
- Coating waterproofing which includes the following varieties:
- Penetrating (cutoff of capillary moisture);
- Rigid (provides internal or outer part waterproof);
- Elastic (coating with elasticity and water resistance).
- Built-up (pasted) waterproofing, which is a roll of fiberglass, fiberglass or polyester fiber coated with a bitumen-polymer binder.
To compare the advantages and disadvantages of these types of materials for foundation waterproofing, consider the following
- As coating waterproofing take a penetrating compound for applying a waterproof coating for concrete, brick, cement mortar and brickwork - MAXSEAL SUPER® (MAXSEAL SUPER®), companies DRIZORO S.A. You can also consider more cheap material MAXSEAL
- As built-up (pasted) waterproofing take waterproofing roll material Technoelast EPP, companies TechnoNIKOL.
MAXSEAL SUPER® (MAXIL SUPER®), DRIZORO S.A.
MAXSEAL SUPER is a mixture of cements and special additives, as well as carefully selected fillers and special organic and inorganic additives.
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The surface must be prepared before application. Application of special primers is not required. The surface only needs to be clean, free of paint, loose particles, grease, traces of stripping agent, dust, gypsum plaster and others. Ideally, flushing with water under pressure with a plant of the "Karcher" type. For application MAXSEAL SUPER full curing of concrete is not required.
The material can be laid both on freshly laid and hardened concrete mix.
Preparing the mixture produced as follows:
- In a container containing 6.5-7.5 liters of water, gradually mixing, pour MAXSEAL SUPER in proportion: 1 bag (25kg.) - for approximately 6.5-7.5 liters of water.
- Mix with a low speed drill until a smooth, thick, creamy paste is obtained (stirring for about one minute).
- To check the consistency, lower the brush to half the length of its bristles. If the brush does not sink and does not fall on its side, but, nevertheless, it can be special efforts move in mass, then the desired consistency is achieved.
When waterproofing, apply the mixture with a nylon bristle brush in two coats. This application allows the material to penetrate into the pore structure of concrete to a depth of 2 to 20 cm (depending on the porosity of the concrete). Apply a thick layer that forms a continuous and uniform coating, do not smear it, as is done with paint, apply only in one direction.
The second layer must be applied in the opposite direction to the first. The total consumption of material for a two-layer coating should be 2-2.5 kg.
But, because we are talking about waterproofing the foundation, we will need to first sprinkle the dry mix on the moistened preparatory screed (lean concrete) just before laying the concrete of the foundation slab. The expense is the same 2-2.5 kg of dry mix per 1 m2.
This approach will allow the penetrating material MAXSEAL SUPER penetrate, closing the pores of the concrete of both the screed and the foundation slab.
This will allow (over time) to create a kind of single screed-slab construction that is impervious to water.
As you can see, the device for waterproofing the foundation with material MAXSEAL SUPER, technically is not no complications.
And now, for comparison, let's consider the material Technoelast EPP, by TechnoNIKOL, used for the same task - foundation waterproofing.
Technoelast EPP is a polymer-modified, deposited roll waterproofing material.
Technoelast is obtained by double-sided application of a bitumen-polymer binder consisting of bitumen, styrene-butadiene thermoplastic elastomer on a glass or polyester base. It has a polyethylene coating on both sides, which performs a protective function and prevents the bitumen composition from sticking together during transportation. As a protective layer, fine-grained dressing and a polymer film are used.
The surface must be thoroughly cleaned and prepared before installation.
Surface preparation consists in cleaning from dirt and dust (dust removal), as well as embedding cement mortar cracks and gouges.
Also, for high-quality welding, the cleaned surface must be treated with a bituminous primer with a flow rate of from 300 to 500 g. per 1 m2.
Before installation Technoelast, it must be tried on in place and adjusted to size. The material is rolled out over the surface, all excess is removed with a knife, then gently rolled back into a roll.
When installing waterproofing material Technoelast, it is necessary to check the base for moisture. It should not exceed 4% by weight.
After preparing the surface, proceed to the deposition of the material. The laying of the material is carried out by fusing with a propane torch, after the bituminous primer has dried.
Roll, after fitting, slowly unfolding the roll, melt the bottom side, gradually rolling it out. The next roll must be laid at the joint with the next one (at least 300mm), providing a continuous waterproofing membrane.
Also, do not forget that if you choose Technoelast as a foundation waterproofing, then, before viscous reinforcement and subsequent pouring of the foundation slab, Necessarily you need to set up a protective shield. Such a measure is necessary to avoid rupture of the laid waterproofing, with various possible risks of mechanical damage.
conclusions
As can be seen from the above laying technologies MAXSEAL SUPER® And Technoelast EPP, you can definitely make a choice in favor of the first, if we set ourselves the task of waterproofing the foundation.
This conclusion is made up of several factors, namely:
- There are no special difficulties in surface preparation ( not required sealing cracks; not required primer application)
- There are no special difficulties in the technology of work (it is enough just to spill the dry mixture MAXSEAL SUPER® on a moistened preparatory screed to enhance penetration into the body of the surface);
- Not dependent on the weather MAXSEAL SUPER® can be laid in the rain, tk. it is a cement based material; Technoelast EPP however, being a welded material, it is simply afraid of precipitation);
- No dependence on surface humidity (For application MAXSEAL SUPER®, complete maturation of concrete is not required, while the deposited material cannot be placed on a wet surface);
- Cements are better "friends" with each other ( MAXSEAL SUPER® cement material with special additives, therefore stringent requirements for the foundation No);
- And, finally, the economic benefit (even if you roughly estimate the list of work performed using MAXSEAL SUPER® and with the help Technoelast EPP, it will become obvious that due to the simplicity of waterproofing with cement materials, it will come out much more profitable).
Approximate cost of labor and materials MAXSEAL SUPER® ranges from 600 r/m2.
Approximate cost of labor and materials foundation waterproofing material Technoelast EPP ranges from 800 r/m2(whole pie).
Option I
for waterproofing the foundation slab with Maxseal Super
Estimated cost, rub.: 678.03
Total for CP: 678,03
including VAT 18%: 103.43
Option II
for waterproofing the foundation slab with Technoelast EPP material
Estimated cost, rub.: 1,288.40
| № p/p | Name of types of work | Unit rev. | Volume | Unit cost, rub | Estimated cost, rub |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Foundation slab waterproofing | |||||
| 1 | Leveling screed device 30mm | 322,20 | |||
| Job | m | 1,0 | 210,00 | 210,00 | |
| m3 | 0,033 | 3400,00 | 112,20 | ||
| 2 | Waterproofing device | 644,00 | |||
| Job | m | 1,0 | 250,00 | 250,00 | |
| Primer bituminous TECHNONICOL No. 01 | l | 0,350 | 208,00 | 72,80 | |
| Technoelast EPP in two layers | m2 | 2,20 | 146,00 | 321,20 | |
| 3 | Safety tie device 30mm | 322,20 | |||
| Job | m | 1,0 | 210,00 | 210,00 | |
| Cement sand mortar M150 | m3 | 0,033 | 3400,00 | 112,20 |
Total for CP: 1 288,40
including VAT 18%: 196.54
You can find out the exact cost after consultation with our technical specialists.
Technoelast is a family of modern roofing and waterproofing coatings
"Premium" class, produced by TechnoNikol. They are characterized by a high degree of reliability.
They are intended for the installation of a lining or top layer in the roofing carpet of buildings, waterproofing of engineering structures, foundations, tunnels, ventilation shafts, pools. They can be used in all climatic regions in accordance with SNiP 23-01-99 and at objects of any complexity.
Technological features
Fused bitumen-polymer waterproofing Technoelast TechnoNikol is a rolled sheet, on the basis of which a bituminous composition with mineral additives - talc, dolomite, modified with SBS polymer (artificial rubber styrene-butadiene-styrene) is applied on both sides.
Above and below the surface is covered with protective polymer films or granular shale chips. Polyester (polyester), fiberglass or fiberglass is used as the basis.
Performance characteristics
The SBS-polymer included in the composition gives the material elasticity and high temperature characteristics - frost resistance and heat resistance.
The flexibility of the canvas is maintained at temperatures down to -25 ° C, which allows you to work with it in the winter.
The laid material does not lose plasticity at temperatures down to -35°C, thereby eliminating fragility and violation of the tightness of the surface, joints. Technoelast
Heat resistance up to 100°C ensures the stability of the coating, preventing slippage during solar overheating in hot climates.
Main advantages
- does not crack under deformations and loads in a wide temperature range, providing absolute water tightness;
- steam resistant;
- not susceptible to the action of fungi and microorganisms;
- durable, service life is 25 - 30 years.
Technoelast is produced in several modifications - EKP, TKP, EPP, HPP, the characteristics and structure of which are somewhat different from each other. Structural features determine the purpose of materials.
Technoelast EKP
Used as top layer soft roof» in two-layer coatings. Ideal combination with the type of Technoelast EPP as a lining roof waterproofing. When repairing old roofs, laying in one layer is enough.
The basis of this material is reliable, elastic polyester - index E in the designation. It has high tensile strength and does not rot. The upper side is covered with a layer of coarse-grained gray or green shale chips (index K). Bottom side - fusible polymer film(index P).
Specifications
Application area
Designed for roofs that experience deformation, having a slope. Shale crumb protects the surface from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Due to the sufficient thickness, it easily withstands the load, the movement of a person on the roof.
Technoelast EPP
It is a lining layer in the roofing carpet and a waterproofing coating for utility buildings and building structures.
Made from flexible, durable polyester (E). The top and bottom layers are protected by a fusible film that protects against sticking during storage (PP).
Specifications
Application area
It has successfully proven itself on dynamic flexible surfaces and roofs that experience deformation loads as a lining material. Paired with Technoelastom EKP will make a flawless roofing carpet.
Works great for both interior and exterior waterproofing various designs: tunnels, spans of bridges, underground structures, boiler rooms, pools,.
Technoelast TKP
A heavy-duty material used as the top layer of a "soft roof" roofing cladding. It has excellent technical characteristics in terms of strength and resistance to mechanical stress, but low elasticity. It is recommended to apply on roofs without a slope, not experiencing various kinds of deformations.
For the reinforcing basis, a tensile-strength, but with a low ability to stretch, frame fiberglass (T) was taken. The outer side of the bitumen-polymer composition is protected by slate chips (K), the inner side is covered with a polymer film (P).
Specifications
Application area
Very durable coating designed for flat or slightly sloping roofs of civil and industrial buildings. It perfectly copes with intense surface loads, while maintaining absolute water tightness for a long service life.
On device new roof combined with Technoelast HPP or other lining waterproofing. It is enough to repair the old coating in one layer.
Technoelast HPP
It is a lining roofing and waterproofing fabric. Is budget option from a series of premium products Technoelast.
In the middle lies fiberglass, which has low strength and elasticity (X), treated with a polymer-bitumen mass. Both sides are covered with a fusible film (PP) to prevent sticking during transport.
Specifications
Application area
Designed for non-loaded flat or slightly sloping roofs, where it serves as the bottom layer of the roofing carpet. Can be used together with Technoelast TKP. Reliably performs the waterproofing function of basements, boiler rooms, bathrooms, pools, pipes.
Note information : , .
Technology development does not stand still. This also affected construction market. More and more advanced materials are being created that have high rates of strength, durability and reliability. One of these materials is EPP technoelast, the technical characteristics of which make it the most popular. This article describes what technoelast is, where it is used. Its modifications and composition will be considered, as well as what the letters E and P mean for the technical characteristics of EPP technoelast.
What is technoelast?
Technoelast is a rolled roofing material that is characterized by high reliability, waterproofing capabilities and high strength. Thanks to its properties, technoelast can be used in any climatic conditions. Technoelast is used to cover roofs, waterproofing foundations, swimming pools, garages and other structures.
The production technology consists in the fact that a layer of a mixture of bitumen, SBS thermoplastic (and its modifications) and filler is applied on both sides to a strong and sufficiently flexible base. SBS is an artificial rubber, and talc, dolomite and other substances can serve as fillers. The top and bottom layers are a film or a crumb. It is the film that protects the material from sticking during storage in a roll, and it is also melted during the installation of technoelast. The crumb can be both coarse-grained and fine fraction. Shale, sand, etc. are used in its quality.
Deciphering the abbreviation and the main modifications of technoelast
Technoelast is produced in several modifications, each of which has its own conditions and area of use. And the letters that are indicated in the modification are deciphered as follows:
- the first letter of the abbreviation is the material from which the base is made. It can be: polyester (ether) - E, canvas - X or fabric - T;
- the second letter of the abbreviation is the type of top cover. It can be: crumb - K, film (or fine-grained dressing) - P;
- the third letter of the abbreviation is the type of bottom cover. It also comes in two types - crumb (K) and film (P).
Depending on the combination of these layers, TechnoNIKOL offers several types of technoelast:
- Technoelast EPP is a waterproofing agent for various construction projects. Apply it as various types, and for waterproofing floors, buildings, foundations, boiler houses, swimming pools and other buildings. In addition to absolute water resistance, it also has high extensibility and has high heat resistance. EPP is made from which SBS thermoplastic and filler are applied. The bottom layer is a film, and the top one is a fine-grained dressing. If it is used as a waterproofing for building structures, then it is welded in two layers using a burner.
- Technoelast EKP is a roofing waterproofing agent used as a top layer. It is often used with EPP technoelast, thus increasing the reliability of roofing. EKP is characterized by high heat resistance and excellent tolerance low temperatures(up to -30 o C). As the main layer for the production of ECP is polyester (which is not subject to decay) with a layer of bitumen, thermoplastic and filler. The top is covered with a large mineral film, and the bottom layer is a protective film.
- Technoelast TKP is used as a roofing material for the top layer of the roofing sheet. It can also withstand high loads, so it is often used as a waterproofing agent for underground facilities. The rolled material has high strength, increased reliability, is resistant to steam and temperature fluctuations. TKP technoelast is based on fiberglass, which is covered with SBS-bitumen with thermoelastic on top. The top layer is a crumb, and the bottom layer is a film.
- Technoelast HPP is a waterproofing agent that is mainly used as a bottom layer for roofing, foundations, swimming pools, etc. Differs in resistance to frosts and heat resistance.
- TKP roll material consists of fiberglass coated with SBS-modified bitumen and filler, and a film. Due to the absence of polyester and chips, it has the smallest thickness - 3 mm.
Technical characteristics of EPP technoelast
Specifications waterproofing technoelast EPP:
- top covering - a film without indication of a logo; bottom covering - a film with a logo;
- weight not less than 4.95 kg/m 2 ;
- breaking strength of polyester in longitudinal stretching - not less than 600 N, and in transverse stretching - not less than 400 N;
- thickness - 0.004 m;
- heat resistance - not less than 100 ° C;
- length - 10 m, width - 1 m;
- full water resistance throughout the day at a pressure of not less than 0.2 MPa;
- moisture absorption during the day is not more than 1% of the mass;
- the temperature of flexibility on the bar at radii of 0.025 m and 0.01 m is not more than -25 ° C;
- the weight of the binder on the welding side is not less than 2 kg/m 2 .
The characteristics of the manufactured technoelast correspond to the technical characteristics of EPP technoelast according to GOST 30547-97.
Advantages and disadvantages
Like any material, EPP technoelast has its advantages and disadvantages.
Technoelast advantages:
- Long service life. Waterproofing can last up to 30 years.
- High quality raw materials for the manufacture of technoelast.
- Resistant to various types impact - mechanical, biological, air.
- It can be applied on any surface.
- Environmentally friendly. That is, it does not harm either humans or the environment.
- High elasticity with large temperature fluctuations.
- It has high thermo technical characteristics. Technoelast EPP also has high waterproofing and excellent sound absorption.
- Ease of fitting and fitting.
- Strong bonding to a variety of surfaces.
Disadvantages of technoelast:
- During installation, it is important that the surface is even.
- Small selection of colors.
- Burner heating is longer.
- The cost is above average.
Application area
Technoelast waterproofing has become very popular with various construction work. Due to its technical characteristics, technoelast EPP is primarily used where protection against moisture penetration is needed. It is also used as a material for roofing carpet.
In case of need for repair, technoelast is applied in one layer. If you need a new coating, then you need to apply two layers. At the same time, the top layer looks quite attractive, which allows you to avoid unnecessary spending on a decorated coating.
Installation and storage
For a long service life of waterproofing, it must not only be chosen correctly, but also properly laid and fixed.
The sequence of work is as follows:
- The surface to which technoelast will be attached must be thoroughly cleaned of dust. If there are potholes and pits, then they should be cemented. Then degrease the surface of the structure.
- To ensure the adhesion of technoelast, the base must be coated or diluted bituminous mastic gasoline (proportions 1:3).
- At this step, you need to roll out and cut the panel.
- Heat the bottom layer with a gas burner and press it to the base. All subsequent sheets are welded with an overlap of 9-10 cm.
Technoelast is quite easy to store. First of all, it should be placed in a room with dry air, which is well ventilated. It is necessary to stack rolls on shelves in vertical position and in such a way that they are from heating appliances less than a meter away.
If you want to provide maximum waterproofing, then ideal solution there will be technoelast EPP. Specifications roll material allow you to serve reliably and for a long time.
