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Business plan sample content for an individual entrepreneur. Samples for compiling a business plan with detailed calculations

Hello, dear readers of the Internet magazine about money "RichPro.ru"! This article will talk about how to write a business plan. This publication is a direct instruction for action that will allow you to turn a raw business idea into a confident one. step by step plan to achieve a clear goal.

We'll consider:

• What is a business plan and why is it needed;
• How to draw up a business plan;
• How to structure it and write it yourself;
• Ready-made business plans for small businesses - examples and samples with calculations.

At the end of the topic, we will show the main mistakes of novice entrepreneurs. There will be a lot of arguments in favor of creating quality And thoughtful business plan that will bring the realization of your idea and success affairs in the future.

Also, this article will provide examples finished works, which you can simply use, or you can take as a basis for developing your project. Ready examples submitted business plans download for free.

In addition, we will answer the most frequently asked questions and clarify why not everyone writes a business plan, if it is so necessary.

So, let's start in order!

The structure of the business plan and the content of its main sections − step by step guide in its drafting

7. Conclusion + related video 🎥

For every entrepreneur who wants to develop himself and develop his business, a business plan is very important. He performs many responsible functions that no other person is able to do differently.

With it, you can get financial support and open, develop your business much earlier than you can collect a significant amount for the business.

Investors generally react positively to a good, thoughtful, error-free business plan, as they see it as a way to make easy money with all the troubles invented and described.

In addition, even before the establishment opens, you see what awaits you. What risks are possible, what solution algorithms will be relevant in a given situation. This is not only investor-friendly information, but also the right plan if you get into trouble yourself. In the end, if the calculation of risks turns out to be too intimidating, you can redo it a little, transform general idea to cut them down.

Creating a Good Business Plan - This perfect solution to search for investment and develop your own action algorithms even in the most difficult situations, which are more than enough in business.

That is why, in addition to their own efforts it is worth using "other people's brains". A business plan includes many sections and calculations, research and knowledge, only with successful operation, with which success can be achieved.

The ideal option would be to study all aspects on your own. To do this, it is not enough to sit and read the relevant literature. It is worth changing the circle of communication, turning to courses and trainings, finding specialists for consultations on certain issues. That's the only way really figure it out in the situation and dispel all your doubts and delusions.

A business plan is worth writing for many reasons, however home is a clear algorithm of actions by which you can quickly get from point A(your current position, full of hopes and fears) to point B(in which you will already be the owner of your own successful business stable and regular income). This is the first step towards fulfilling the dream and the confident status of the middle class.

If you still have questions, then perhaps you will find the answers to them in the video: "How to write a business plan (for yourself and investors)".

That's all we have. We wish everyone good luck in business! We will also be grateful for your comments on this article, share your opinions, ask questions on the topic of the publication.

No business project is complete without a business plan. This document is a detailed instruction for opening a commercial business, which describes step by step the tasks that must be solved in order to achieve the ultimate goal (that is, to maximize profits), as well as the methods and means that the entrepreneur is going to use. Without a business plan, it is impossible to receive investments in a commercial project, or apply to a bank for a loan for business development. However, even if the entrepreneur does not plan to attract third-party funds, he still needs a business plan - for himself.

Why is this document needed, and what is its exceptional importance? A well-written business plan, which contains verified information and verified figures, is the foundation of a commercial project. It will allow you to analyze in advance the state of the market and the severity of competition, predict possible risks and develop ways to minimize them, estimate the amount of necessary start-up capital And total amount investment, as well as the expected return - in short, to find out whether it is advisable to take a financial risk and invest in this idea.

"Business idea"

The basis of any project is a business idea - that for which, in fact, everything is conceived. An idea is a service or product that will bring profit to the entrepreneur. The success of a project is almost always determined by the right choice of idea.

• What idea is successful?

The success of an idea is its potential profitability. So, at every time there are directions that are initially favorable for making a profit. For example, some time ago it was fashionable to import yoghurts into the Russian Federation - this product instantly gained popularity among the population, and the number of import companies grew in proportion to this popularity. Only a completely unfortunate and incompetent entrepreneur could fail a project in this area and make a business unprofitable. Now, the idea of ​​trading yogurt with a huge degree of probability will not be successful: the market is already oversaturated with products domestic production, imported goods are unlikely to be favorably received by consumers due to high price and customs difficulties, in addition, the main players in this segment have already gained a foothold in the market and have established supply and marketing channels.

Most entrepreneurs, choosing an idea for making a profit, think in terms of the majority - they say, if this business brings income to my friend, then I will be able to establish my own business. However, the more “role models”, the greater the level of competition and the less opportunity to dictate their prices. In mass business approximate prices already established, and the newcomer, in order to increase his competitiveness, does have to set prices below market prices in order to attract customers - which, of course, does not contribute to making big profits.

Potentially high-margin ideas now are those proposals that help the entrepreneur to occupy a free market niche - that is, to offer something that other businessmen have not yet thought of. To find an original business idea, sometimes it is enough to look around and think about what consumers in a certain area lack. So, a successful idea was the production of mops that allow you to wring out a rag without getting your hands wet, or special lamps that cannot be dismantled without the use of special tools - this know-how has significantly reduced the number of thefts of light bulbs in porches.

Often original ideas you don’t even need to generate it yourself - you can use new products that are successfully implemented in other countries or cities, but have not yet occupied the corresponding market niche in your region. Following this path, you will be the first to offer this know-how to consumers in your region or country, which means you will be able to set prices for this product (service).

However, originality alone is not enough for a successful business idea. There are two objective prerequisites for a business to be successful:

1. - a potential buyer feels the need for your product or at least understands its usefulness (for example, a person may not yet know about a certain medicine, but he realizes that something similar can cure his illness);
2. - the buyer is ready to pay for your product or service) exactly the price that you plan to ask (for example, almost everyone wants to buy a car - however, as we know, not everyone can afford a car).

And one more thing about innovative business ideas - too much originality can only hurt your profits, because the potential audience may simply not be ready for your proposal (most consumers are conservative by nature and have difficulty changing their habits). The least risky option is to stick to the golden mean - that is, to bring already familiar goods or services to the market, but in an improved form.

• How do you know if a given business idea is right for you?

Even a potentially successful business idea may not turn out to be successful in practice if it does not suit a particular entrepreneur. So, opening a beauty salon is relatively easy - but if you do not understand the intricacies of the salon business, then your offspring is unlikely to bring you good profit. A business idea must necessarily be supported by the experience of the entrepreneur, his knowledge and, of course, opportunities. What indicators indicate that your project will be within your power?

1. - Professionalism. You can have a specialized education in your chosen field, or you can just as well be self-taught. The main thing is that you have an understanding of the production process and other necessary knowledge in the chosen area.
2. - Enthusiasm. You should like what you are going to do and offer. Moreover, you should like not only the final product, but also the process itself, because you will not be able to give all your strength to an unloved business, which means it will be difficult to bring it to a good level. Remember the famous proverb: "find a job that you like - and you will not have to work a single day in your life."
3. - Personal features. If you are a closed and uncommunicative person, you feel uncomfortable in the company of other people, then it will be difficult for you to negotiate. And if, for example, you are a staunch vegetarian, then there is no point in considering the trade in semi-finished meat products - even if this business can bring good profit, you will still be uncomfortable doing it.
4. - What you have (land, real estate, equipment, etc.). Starting any production will be much less expensive if you already have the right equipment. And if you inherited, say, a private house not far from the road, then this good opportunity to profit from roadside trade, because your competitors, if any, do not have such good location, and this advantage can overcome even your inexperience.

Competition: how to become special:

As mentioned above, for the application of their entrepreneurial efforts, it is best to choose those areas where competition is not serious or does not exist at all. However, in most cases, entrepreneurs one way or another have to face competitors, and businessmen face the question - how to stand out from their background? You can do this through the following benefits:

Competitive advantages

When making yourself known to potential consumers, try to immediately draw their attention to the advantages that distinguish your offer from similar ones, so that buyers see that you can satisfy their needs. in the best possible way. Do not hesitate to stick out your merits and do not rely on the ingenuity of consumers - they are unlikely to guess why your product (service) differs from the product (service) of your competitors in better side. For example, if the recipe for the bread you bake involves enriching the product with vitamins and other beneficial substances, then be sure to convey this fact to your future buyers. You should not position your bread simply as a tasty and fresh product, because your competitors have exactly the same bread - hardly anyone will sell tasteless and expired goods. But vitamins are your competitive advantage, and the buyer must definitely know about it, so advertising must be thought out accordingly.

So, we have analyzed some of the nuances of preliminary preparation for writing a business plan, and now we can pay close attention to this particular document and its main sections.

1. Title page.

Title page is the face of your business plan. It is he who is primarily seen by your potential investors or bank employees who decide to issue you a loan for business development. Therefore, it should be clearly structured and contain all the key information about your project:

1. - Name of the project (for example, "Production of self-squeezing mops" or "Creation and development of a commercial Internet radio station called "XXX");
2. - Organizational and legal form of the project and name legal entity(if there are several such persons, then a list indicating areas of responsibility is required);
3. - Author and co-authors of the project
4. - Annotation to the project (for example " this document is a step-by-step plan for founding and developing a commercial radio station…”);
5. - Project cost (required start-up capital)
6. - Place and year of creation ("Perm, 2016").

2. Summary.

This item is short description the idea of ​​the project, the timing of its implementation, the main goals and objectives for the realization of the idea, the expected turnover and production volumes. forecast of key indicators - the profitability of the project, its payback period, the size of the initial investment, sales volume, net profit, etc.

Despite the fact that the summary is the first section of the business plan, it is compiled after this document has already been completely written and rechecked, since the summary covers all other sections of the BP. The summary should be concise and extremely logical and fully disclose all the advantages of the project, so that investors or a potential lender can see that this business idea is really worth investing in.

3. Market analytics

The section reflects the state of the market sector in which the project will be implemented, assessment of the level of competition, characteristics target audience and industry trends. It is very important that market analysis is carried out on the basis of a qualitative marketing research, containing real indicators (falsified or inaccurate analysis reduces the value of a business plan to almost zero). If an entrepreneur is not competent enough in the chosen area, then in order to avoid inaccuracies and mistakes, he should outsource marketing research by ordering it from a trusted marketing agency.

This section usually takes up at least 10% of the total business plan. An example plan is:

1. - general description the selected industry (dynamics, trends and development prospects - with specific mathematical indicators);
2. - Characteristics of the main market players (that is, direct and indirect competitors), an indication of the competitive advantages and features of your business project compared to other entities;
3. - Characteristics of the target audience ( geographical position, age level, gender, income level, type of consumer and user behavior, etc.). Creation of a portrait of a “typical client” indicating the main motives and values ​​that guide him when choosing a product (service), pessimistic forecasting (that is, a minimum flow) of consumers of a product (service);
4. - Overview of the most effective channels and ways to promote goods (services);
5. - Review and identification of the most likely risks that an entrepreneur may face in this market segment and offer ways to eliminate or minimize them (it must be remembered that risks are external circumstances and factors that are beyond the control of the entrepreneur);
6. - Forecast of possible changes in this market segment, as well as an overview of factors that may affect the profitability of the project.

4. Characteristics of goods (services) and their implementation

This paragraph describes in detail those goods that the entrepreneur is going to produce, or the services that he is going to sell. Special attention should be drawn to the competitive advantages of the business idea, that is, what will highlight this offer from the general variety. However, one should not be silent about the shortcomings and weaknesses ah ideas, if any - it is better to deal with investors and creditors fair play, besides, they can analyze this item on their own, and in the case of a one-sided description, you risk losing their trust, and with it, the hope for financial investments into your idea.

The presence of a patent will make the described idea particularly attractive - if an entrepreneur offers any know-how and has already managed to patent it, then this fact must be reflected in the document. The patent is like competitive advantage, and the basis for a greater likelihood of obtaining loans or investments.

The chapter must include:

1. - a brief description of the idea;
2. - ways of its implementation;
3. - description life cycle product (service);
4. - percentage of secondary purchases;
5. - the possibility of creating additional product lines or service options, the possibility of segmenting the proposed product;
6. - the proposed modification of the offer in accordance with changes in the market situation and factors affecting profits.

5. Ways to promote business (marketing and strategic plans)

In this chapter, the entrepreneur describes exactly how he is going to inform the potential consumer about his product and how he will promote this product. Here are reflected:

6. Description of the production process

The production plan is a detailed description complete algorithm production of a product from its being in a raw state to the moment when the finished product is on display in stores. This plan includes:

1. - a description of the required raw materials and the basic requirements for them, as well as the suppliers from whom you plan to purchase these raw materials;
2. - reception, processing and pre-production preparation of raw materials;
3. - actually technological process;
4. - output of the finished product;
5. - the procedure for testing the finished product, its packaging and transfer to the warehouse and subsequent delivery to the buyer.

In addition to the actual description of the production process, this chapter should also reflect:

1. - characteristics of the equipment used, as well as the premises where the production process will be carried out - indicating all the necessary standards and requirements;
2. - list of main partners;
3. - the need to attract resources and borrowed funds;
4. - calendar business development plan - from the start of production to the time when the funds invested in the project begin to pay off.

7. Structure of the enterprise. Personnel and management.

This chapter describes the internal scheme of the business project, that is, the administrative and organizational plan. The chapter can be roughly divided into the following subsections:

1. - organizational and legal form of the enterprise (LLC, individual entrepreneur, etc.);
2. - the internal structure of the enterprise, the distribution of responsibilities between services, the channels of their interaction (it would be best if this subparagraph is additionally illustrated with appropriate diagrams);
3. - staffing, a list of duties of each employee, his salary, channels and criteria by which personnel will be selected;
4. - a list of measures for the policy in the field of work with personnel (training, training, personnel reserve etc.)
5. - participation in business development events (competitions, conferences, fairs, grants, government programs etc.).

8. Risk assessment. Ways to minimize risks.

The purpose of this paragraph is a preliminary assessment of possible negative circumstances that will affect the achievement of the desired indicators (business income, client flow, etc.) - the basis for this assessment is, again, market research. The risks are divided into external ones (for example, tougher competition and the emergence of new strong players in this segment, an increase in rental rates and utility bills, natural disasters and emergencies, changes in tax legislation in the direction of increasing rates, etc.) and internal (what can happen directly within the enterprise - equipment breakdowns, unscrupulous employees, etc.).

If an entrepreneur has information in advance about what exactly he should be afraid of on the way to implementing and promoting his project, then he can think in advance about the ways in which he will neutralize and minimize negative factors. For each risk, a number of alternative strategies should be proposed (a kind of table of measures taken in case of emergency). Risks should not be hidden from investors or creditors.

Special attention should be paid to such a form of protection as insurance against various risks. If an entrepreneur plans to insure his business, then this must be mentioned - indicating the chosen insurance company, the amount of insurance premiums and other details related to the case.

9. Forecasting financial flows

Perhaps the most responsible chapter of the business plan. Because of its importance, its writing should be entrusted to professionals if the entrepreneur himself does not have a financial and economic education. Thus, many startups with creative ideas, but not having sufficient financial literacy, in this case, they resort to the services of investment companies, which later put their verification visa on the business plan - this is a kind of guarantee of the reliability of calculations and will give the business plan additional weight in the eyes of investors and creditors.

The financial plan of any business project includes:

1. - balance of the enterprise;
2. - calculation of expenses (fund wages employees, production costs, etc.);
3. - statement of profit and loss, as well as on the movement Money;
4. - the amount of necessary external investments;
5. - calculation of profit and profitability.

The profitability of the project is a key indicator that has a decisive influence on the decision of investors about investing in this business. Calculations on this topic cover the period from the introduction of start-up capital and third-party investments into the project until the moment when the project can be considered break-even and begins to generate net profit.

When calculating profitability, the basic formula R = D * Zconst / (D - Z) is usually used, where R is the profitability threshold in monetary terms, D is income, Z is variable costs, and Zconst - fixed costs. However, for long-term calculations, one should also include in calculation formula indicators such as the inflation rate, renewal costs, deductions to the investment fund, wage increases for employees of the enterprise, etc. Again, it is advisable to use the Gantt chart as a visualization method, according to which it is convenient to track the level of growing income and reaching the break-even point.

10. Regulatory framework

It indicates all the documents that are necessary for the legal support of the business - certificates and licenses for goods, permission for certain types of activities, acts, permits, etc. - with a description of the conditions and terms of their receipt, as well as the cost. If any documents are already in the hands of the entrepreneur, this must be indicated, and given fact will also be an advantage in the eyes of investors.

11.Applications

At the end of the business plan, the entrepreneur provides all calculations, charts, graphs and other supporting materials that were used to make financial forecasts, market analysis, etc., as well as all materials that visualize the points of the business plan and facilitate its perception.

“The main mistakes when drawing up a business plan”

At the end of the article, I would like to say a few words about the most common mistakes that inexperienced entrepreneurs make when drawing up business plans. So, what should you avoid if you do not want to scare potential investors away from your project?

Excessive bloat and volume. A business plan is not homework, where a large amount of writing increases the chances of a good grade. The approximate volume of a business plan is usually 70-100 sheets.

Difficulties of presentation. If an investor reading your plan can't figure out your idea after reading two or three pages, then there's a good chance they'll put BP aside.

Lack of necessary explanations. Remember that an investor is not required to understand the area of ​​the market in which you offer him to invest money (and in most cases he really does not understand it, otherwise he would have already launched an independent business). Therefore, you need to succinctly introduce the reader to the main details.

Streamlined phrases-characteristics ("huge market", "great prospects", etc.). Remember: only accurate and verified information and forecasts.

Providing approximate, unverified or misleading financial figures. We have already focused on this topic above, therefore - without comments.

Having decided on the type of activity and assessing the opportunities, the entrepreneur must begin to realize his plan. The starting point for further work will be the preparation of a business plan. To begin with, it will help the individual entrepreneur to comprehensively analyze the situation, and in the future it will affect the external development of the business. The article provides a detailed guide on how to draw up a business plan for an individual entrepreneur, a sample trade area.

Why do you need a business plan

You can write a business plan yourself or order a ready-made one from a professional. But it is important to understand that this serious document is not just a pile of papers for a bank or possible counterparties.

A business plan is needed for personal planning of an individual entrepreneurship.

When compiling an IP, it is based on what goals it pursues by writing it, and what is the purpose of the document in general:

1. For himself. Each entrepreneur designates an action plan for further development. But it is precisely a clear and thoughtful business plan for an individual entrepreneur - a step-by-step guide that outlines goals, ways to achieve them, possible difficulties and methods for their solution.
2. For business partners, investors. After reviewing the papers, a person will make an important decision for an individual entrepreneur - to invest in a business or not.

As far as the IP correctly expressed the profitability and advantages of his company in the business plan, his further cooperation with credit institutions and potential partners depends. This document is an attractive description of the business, a great way to interest profitable counterparties.

These are two different business plans, since the entrepreneur takes into account the real situation for himself. Without this, a clear understanding is impossible. further action. For investors, it is important to show how profitable it is for them to work with this particular partner and prove that they will not make a mistake in choosing. Here the emphasis is more on maximum attractiveness and the best prospects.

If the real state of affairs is slightly embellished for partners, then the entrepreneur must be clearly aware of this!

How to write a business plan

How to start writing a business plan for an individual entrepreneur? Of course, you need to first evaluate everything that is available, then what is planned. And then articulate it well.

Regardless of whether the entrepreneur will work on the creation of the document on his own or not, before starting the main work, a sketch is made:

At this stage, all the shortcomings and negative sides business organization. The entrepreneur has a margin of time to correct them.

Having solved all the main issues, you can begin to bring them into the system. There is a generally accepted structure for business plans. It is typical, but it is permissible to introduce your own features.

Most often, business plans are drawn up for a minimum of 3 years. Moreover, it would be advisable to break the first year of planning into months, the second - quarterly, and then general actions for every year. The economic situation does not allow making reliable forecasts for a long time. The more dynamic and convincing the facts given in the business plan are, the higher the likelihood of success.

The volume for IP is enough in 15-25 pages. Information is presented briefly and succinctly, but in sufficient detail.

Structure

For a sample, take a look at detailed diagram drafting a document suitable for an industry such as trade.

Below are all the likely typical sections of a business plan, but their number, order and names may change:

1. Title page. General information- subject ( precise definition business orientation), full name of the author (in this case, IP), address, telephone number, place and year of compilation.
2. Content (indicating the main headings of the business plan with page numbers).
3. Summary.

This is a short section of the business plan, not exceeding 1 page. Contains information about the entrepreneur. Information is mentioned here: full name, address, education, experience and length of service (including in the industry), positions held. IN in general terms information about the scope of the planned business.

The goal is also indicated - the need to receive investments, the customer, etc., as well as the period for its implementation, the benefit for the partner (investor). It is taken into account that the investor may not understand the industry, so the business plan is set out very clearly.

The following sections:

1. Analysis of the market and the industry. Going a little from afar, the individual entrepreneur pays attention to how many similar organizations there are in the city (district, region, etc.), the need for them among the population, what the existing competitors lack, and similar information. This analysis is based on actually available validated data. The prospects of the company depends on the real assessment of the sales market in the first place.
2. The business model of the organization. This is what the company can offer the buyer, what potential it has for this, as well as the need for additional reserves. In simple words how the sale of goods to the client will be ensured so that the revenue exceeds the investment.
3. Characteristics of the product. It is important to convince the partner of the need for this particular product (product or service) in this place. The advantages are emphasized, a comparison with analogues is made ( low cost, quality of service, advantageous (convenient) location for potential buyers, etc.).
4. Business promotion plans. Marketing is an important part of trading. This is planning new ways for the development of the enterprise, a strategy for increasing sales.
5. Description of the process of their work and sales. The section explains in detail such points as: the price of the product being sold (or pricing policy in general), ways to attract customers, advertising and other ideas to increase the efficiency of sales of goods.
6. The structure of the enterprise. This section briefly outlines the personnel policy, work control, motivation.
7. Risk assessment. If unforeseen adverse events suddenly occur, a businessman will draw up an action plan in advance to avoid losses, and subsequently successfully get out of the situation. Risks can be managed. And for individual entrepreneurs in the business plan, assessments of the search for new sales markets, marketing moves and research, methods of fighting for the market are welcome.
8. Financial forecast. The most difficult part of the business plan. The section of the document should contain calculations of the main indicators. In trade, all typical costs of such an enterprise (purchase of goods, transportation costs, wages of employees, costs of maintaining premises, taxes, etc.) are taken into account. The calculation shows that future sales with a certain margin will be enough high level. The calculations take into account the level of inflation, unforeseen expenses (repair, purchase of new equipment, fire, loss of a supplier), the emergence of possible competitors. The data is backed up with figures, tables, graphs. And as a result - approximate indicators of financial forecasts (sales level, payback period and benefits received).
9. Regulatory framework. In the section, you must specify the legal documents necessary for organizing a business (licenses, sales permits, permits, certificates, etc.). The papers received, their validity periods, conditions and methods of obtaining are indicated. List of documents to be received.
10. Applications.At the end of the text, graphs, tables, diagrams, visual calculations of profitability are attached, links to which are in the material. Tables show information in dynamics. In this form, it is convenient to present the investor with figures: sales levels, wages, payments to the budget, balance sheet, working capital and others. A footnote to the application number is indicated in the text.

Reading the project for an interested person should be interesting. The text of the business plan should be presented in a simple and understandable form, if possible, without cumbersome constructions and streamlined expressions. Does not turn on unnecessarily detailed information but leave without explanation key points also not worth it. Moreover, it is impossible to mention false or unverified information.

Investors will like it if the text of the business plan stipulates the conditions for control over the work of the organization.

The document includes information about seasonality or narrow demand for goods, other conventions that can temporarily restrict the work of trade, so that the investor knows all the features in advance.

Use of ready-made options from Internet resources

Not everyone has the experience of creating such important documentation, as well as the money to order professionals. An example of writing your own business plan for an individual entrepreneur is finished sample from networks. The text is selected similar to the topic and completely redone for itself.

For a beginner, this option would be even better - the text drawn up by a professional takes into account the likely subtleties, provides for unforeseen costs and risks that the IP itself, due to inexperience, will not even think about. The main thing is to choose a ready-made working text.

Based on the examples, you can:

• create a business plan using 2-3 templates;
• rewrite one liked text.

You can download a business plan online. There are many sites on the network with sets of ready-made free texts on various topics with approximate calculations.

On their example, the IP will get a visual idea of ​​writing material, and possibly get some ideas for doing business.

A business plan to some extent materializes ideas, supports the desire to work. For investors, planning on paper will make it easier to perceive, give them the opportunity to think about the business idea in detail. The entrepreneur will receive detailed instructions for work.

What is a business plan for? Most, probably, will answer - to get a loan from a bank. This statement is true, but only partly. First of all, the entrepreneur himself needs a plan in order to understand the size of the initial investment for a start, how long it will take to reach self-sufficiency and forecast revenue indicators, to assess the level of profitability, the payback period of investments and many other parameters.

Very often, a novice businessman (and not only a beginner) does all the planning and calculations “by eye” on a napkin or in his head (and sometimes he doesn’t do it at all), forgetting about many costly items, which results in many mistakes and leads to bankruptcy.

Typical mistakes: when determining investments, the costs of financing activities until reaching self-sufficiency are not taken into account, the value of commodity stocks is incorrectly determined (the size of goods and materials for one month is laid down, and based on the turnover period, stocks for 3 months are needed), taxes and insurance deductions are not taken into account in the calculation of the wage fund , the need for personnel is incorrectly calculated, and many others.

A well-written business plan with detailed calculations is the key to a successful start in any entrepreneurial activity, which will allow at the forecasting stage to cut off unprofitable options and, as a result, protect yourself from the loss of your own investments or the funds of the investor (creditor).

Let's say you plan to install, the calculation made shows that the full payback will be 5 years, it is obvious that this will not be the right investment, it is unlikely that the machine will work without breakdowns for such a period of time. (For reference: the optimal payback for this type of activity is 12-18 months.)

What is better to buy ready business plan or make it yourself? If we are talking about a small business, then you definitely need to do it yourself. This will allow you to dive deeper into the project, understand its essence, sort out for yourself the economics of future activities. Well, if you want to organize a production that requires multibillion-dollar investments, then you cannot do without the help of specialists.

On the site you will find samples of ready-made business models with all the calculations that you can use as a basis for preparing a feasibility study for your specific project.

Action algorithm

1. Acquaintance with the given sample of the feasibility study.
2. Collection of statistical data for a specific region where business activities will be carried out.
3. Conducting marketing research: identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the project ().
4. Updating information on the economic part: search for potential and raw materials, request commercial offers, recalculation of the cost and determination of the final price based on the current market realities, as well as determining the level of profitability.
5. Carrying out a stress test of the figures reflected in the calculation (what will be the payback if the revenue is N percent less than planned). Based on the data obtained, the compilation of several options for the development of the event: conservative, realistic and optimal.
6. implementation of economic activities.
7. Choosing the most profitable one (studying legal schemes to reduce the tax burden).

Based on the analysis and generalization of the information received, draw up your own economic justification for the project with the help of which you can determine the feasibility of investing money.

Please note that you can download any business plan you like for free. If there is no download form somewhere, you can ask a question through a special form, and within a short time we will add this feature. Through this form, you can also clarify any point regarding the described model, and we will try to find a specialist to provide competent advice on the moment you are interested in.

Why do I need a sample business plan for sole proprietorship? At present, state practice in relation to the progressive development of private entrepreneurship has become much softer. People are increasingly striving to open their own business, showing a desire to work for themselves. But starting a business is not easy. One desire is not enough here.

Before starting a business

Aspiring entrepreneurs must develop a plan for certain actions that they will take to open and promote their business. This will be a draft of the proposed processes that will be implemented within the framework of the case. It's called a business plan for individual entrepreneur or just a business plan for an individual entrepreneur. Consider the main characteristics.

In this plan, the main parameters of the development of the private business of an individual entrepreneur are calculated. At the very beginning, it will spell out specific goals, objectives and expected income of the enterprise. Without these developments, building your own business will be disordered, chaotic, and therefore most likely unsuccessful. This should not be.

When building your business, you just need to have a clear idea of ​​​​specific actions.

Such a plan is needed not only by the novice entrepreneur himself, but also by the persons who will accompany this process. For example, if a merchant wants to take a loan from a bank, he will be required to provide a clear justification, since such an organization is unlikely to agree to give money only for promises to open a business.

What is a Business Plan for a Sole Proprietor?

A business plan is a specific development program commercial enterprise, containing information about the product being sold, all the required services, production methods, channels through which it will be distributed, and marketing moves.

Such a document must demonstrate the profitability of a start-up business, its future financial payback and the fact that money can be invested in it. When it is drawn up taking into account the involvement of creditors, it is necessary to focus on financial indicators and calculations.
How is a business plan developed? The main thing that should be taken into account is the dynamism of the presentation of the material itself and its insignificant volumes. Too long, intricate reasoning, on the contrary, will repel not only the future creditor, but also the entrepreneur himself. Standard written material must contain no more than ten or at most twenty pages of typewritten text.

The correct sample business plan for an individual entrepreneur includes the following items:

1. Summary. The submitter of the plan writes about himself and his motives, explaining why he decided to go into private business.
2. The goals and objectives of the emerging enterprise - why it is needed, what will be its functions.
3. Description of the offered product or services, specific features of the offer. It should be brief, a detailed submission of properties is not needed.
4. An overview of the market in which the IP will work, analysis of competitors.
5. A plan for future production, if any. It should be if the entrepreneur himself is going to create a certain product.
6. Marketing plan - techniques and methods for promoting the proposed product or range of services.
7. The composition of the management personnel, the goals and objectives set for individual members, the interaction between the team.
8. The source of incoming funds and their required amount, including those that may come from the creditor.
9. Development financial planning future enterprise, assessment of incoming risks, assessment of possible profits and losses.
10. detailed financial project. A description of the actions that an individual entrepreneur will take after the creation of his organization and a separate description of the processes after the possible receipt of funds from third parties.

This should include a sample draft plan, which the individual entrepreneur must draw up for himself and submit to the lender for consideration of his proposal. It is also needed by the merchant himself as an algorithm for the actions that he will perform. Planning is necessary for lenders in order to reasonably assess the risks and whether it is necessary to invest in this business or not.

The document must be written to the maximum plain language, easy to read and attractive from all points of view.

What should a marketing strategy include?

An individual who intends to start his own business needs to describe in detail each component of his plan. If everything in the first paragraphs is more or less clear, then difficulties arise in determining the strategy. To properly write an upcoming marketing plan, you need to consider the following points:

1. It is necessary to describe in detail the pricing scheme, the principles on which the cost of the product is determined.
2. Formulate the promotion of the proposed product, methods of distribution. Give examples of how this will be done in practice, and this should be done as briefly as possible.
3. Describe the method of stimulating the promotion of goods or services on the market. It should be explained how the attention and disposition of the buyer will be acquired, the principles of the advertising move, all the ways of enticing.
4. It is necessary to describe the place in the market that the future enterprise will occupy. In fact, this is the same market survey attached to a marketing project. It should include an analysis of competitors and the demand for products or services sold, the main characteristics. The document should include an explanation that explains the advantage of the new enterprise over similar ones, why buyers should prefer the product offered by the new organization.
5. The marketing plan should contain a list of expected costs of production or services, how much will be spent on household needs - energy, water, gas, rent for the area on which the organization will be located. Procurement costs included necessary equipment, materials, payment of salaries and bonuses to personnel, variable losses that depend on a certain amount of goods produced. In written text, this can be presented in the form of a time sheet.

The marketing part of the business plan is the most important, because this is where the success of the future project lies.

How to write a business plan?

In order to draw up a suitable and attractive business plan for the lender, you need to make the most of the opportunities provided by modern software, which allows you to create a high-quality business plan in electronic form. It is important not only to describe everything correctly, but also to arrange it in the proper form so that it is easy and understandable to read.

The document itself should be divided into several parts:

1. Key funds. This refers to the money needed for development and is still required by the creditor.
2. Cost price. In this chapter, you need to outline the practice of product pricing, bring it to each product or service.
3. Sales. In this chapter, it is necessary to describe the practice of sales, in what ways and methods customers will be attracted, retained, set up to buy. It passes as part of a marketing ploy.
4. Balance. Describes the expenses and income that the organization bears.
5. Dividends. The income of the enterprise, which it receives from the sold goods or a range of services, is given.
6. Employees of the organization and their pay. The number, skill level of the working apparatus, the possibility of increasing or reducing staff are given. The amount of remuneration for the work of employees is shown, depending on the category and position.

Each business plan should contain tables that clearly indicate financial calculations. Without them, no document will be visual. Tables can be drawn up not only for finance, but also for personnel when describing the cost of production.