Seam roof technology. Installation of a seam roof: arrangement of a roofing pie and installation of seam panels. Option # 7 - an alloy of three metals
If we consider metal coatings, then the seam roof is distinguished by its style. Its installation involves joining the metal into special folds, this is how a sealed and durable flooring is obtained. As a rule, when buying a material, instructions for use are attached to it, and if not, then this article will help you figure out all the difficulties.
Pros and cons of seam coverage
Looking at the finished seam roof, you can immediately notice its unusual appearance compared to other coatings. In fact, the roofing plane is filled with ordinary flat sheets of metal, and with the help of a folding device they are connected together. If you don't want to mess around with a complex device, you can purchase a self-latching product.
So, what are the advantages of this roof?
- The metal coating has high strength and durability
- The light weight of the material allows the use of a lightweight truss system
- Construction will be cost-effective
- small cost
- Rich choice of colors
- WITH smooth surface atmospheric precipitation is removed without problems
Despite this number positive sides, the coating under consideration has significant drawbacks, namely:
- Metal does not protect against noise in any way, and in some cases, on the contrary, increases it. For example, with falling raindrops, you will hear a lot of noise, however, for some residents, this disadvantage is an attractive side.
- During the installation of the seam surface, you will need special devices to create high-quality seams, and it costs a lot. The only acceptable solution to this problem is to hire a team of roofers, but as the roof is losing its popularity, it is not so easy to find them.
- A simple metal will not give roof surface aesthetics and if you want a beautiful roof, you will have to purchase copper, which is several times more expensive.
- Seam roof accumulates over time electrical voltage, which can be released during a thunderstorm, therefore, it is necessary to arrange a lightning rod on the uppermost section of the roof.
The nuances of the device seam surface
It should be noted right away that metal sheets can be laid on the roof, the slope of which is about 14 degrees. Of course, there are concessions at which the minimum threshold can drop to 7 degrees. If you have just such a situation, then you need to create double folds instead of standard seams and lay the metal on a continuous crate. On flat roofs, all joints must be coated with sealants.
To create a warm and high-quality roof, you need to take care of the heat-insulating and waterproofing layer and, in addition, create a good natural ventilation. Some builders don't want to add extra layers of soundproofing because they like the sound of rain, but for the vast majority, this action is necessary.
This can be done by insulating the inside roofing cake, or along the interfloor overlap.
As fasteners for the installation of roofing sheets, identical material must be used, i.e. if the coating is made of galvanized steel, then the screws must be from this raw material. In addition, they must be equipped with a rubber lining so that the attachment points do not leak. If within a few decades the roof begins to rattle with gusts of wind, then you should pay attention to these details.
Since sheet metal is not a very heavy coating, then the crate can be done in any way, namely: solid or sparse. If everything is clear with a solid one, then the step of the elements of a discharged system should be selected so that the sheets do not sag anywhere. As a rule, metal roofs serve up to 100 years, but this is subject to all construction norms and rules, as well as high-quality routine inspections.
Further in the article, you will learn how the seam roof is laid, whether it is possible to carry out installation alone, installation instructions and video useful materials. 
Types of seams
For the convenience of the installation process, metal sheets are assembled into one large one on the ground. The resulting plate is called a painting. Seam roofing has only 4 ways of attaching these sheets to each other.
- Single (standing, lying)
- Double (standing, lying)
If we consider these types for better tightness, then the maximum performance is noted for a double lying fold. Such a surface is almost monolithic and is suitable for the installation of sloping roofs. Well, as you understand, the single standing seam is considered the weakest in this list. It is used on roofs with a slope of 15 degrees.
Seam coating can be created from the following metals:
- The most cost-effective product is galvanized steel sheet. It is very easy to install, and ordinary paint is used to protect the material, which lasts for 8-10 years. Of course, it is not necessary to paint the roof, but after a few years stains will appear on it and corrosion will begin. The operating period of a galvanized steel roof is 20 years without repair.
- Steel, coated polymer film. This roofing deck can withstand long-term exposure without problems. sun rays, and due to its bright structure is a more attractive material.
- The most common metal is aluminum. The service life of such a metal is about 80 years. This is a very good indicator for a relatively inexpensive coverage.
- Residents of a private house with a good income can afford to equip the roof of their house with copper sheets. This material is very resistant to corrosion and only gains strength over time. strength characteristics. Usually, copper roofs last up to 200 years which is far beyond the operation of the building itself.
- If you need not a durable, but the most durable roof, then I draw your attention to an alloy of zinc and titanium. Sheets made of such material are resistant to corrosion and sudden changes in temperature, they are distinguished by their rigidity and can last on the roof for more than 100 years.
The choice of material will depend on the needs of the tenant and the functional purpose of the building itself, for example, if the building is temporary, then it is better not to spend expensive products on it.
Seam roof installation
The whole process of installing this roofing can be divided into several stages:
- Preparatory work
- The device of the eaves and wind strips
- Installation of additional elements
So, now in more detail about each of the points. 
Preparatory processes
At this stage it is very important to buy quality product and get a good tool.
The following products are used for the device of the surface:
- Rolled or sheet metal that will be laid on the roof
- Additional elements (cornice strips, ridge, valley, etc.)
- Beams with a section of 5x5 centimeters and boards of suitable sizes
- Gutter details
- Fasteners, including clamps. If the length of your roof slope exceeds 10 meters, then sliding ones are used, and under other conditions - fixed ones.
Seam roof has fuzzy dimensions. It can be created in any length and width, but most quality surface it turns out when the ramp completely covers the sheet of metal. As you understand, the amount of materials will depend entirely on the size of your roof. In order to reduce its waste, it is best to create a kind of drawing, which will take into account all the smallest details, in addition, rolled metal has the least waste. 
The main tool of the roofer when creating a seam roof is, of course, a device that creates such seams, but for high-quality flooring, you will need to use some more devices, namely:
- Shears for cutting metal (alternatively, you can use electric shears or a nibbler)
- Measuring device
- Regulators (level, plumb)
- Wood saw
- Drill with all attachments
- Kiyanka
- Sealant gun
- Hammer
- Other
If you are wondering what the last paragraph includes, then I will answer it as follows. In construction, even the same type of construction is not the same, and in seemingly identical situations, you can use different tools.
Assembling the truss system, waterproofing and battens
Since metal sheets have a small mass, there is no need to arrange rafter legs close to each other. After determining the optimal step, a waterproofing membrane is attached on top of them, and in order for this work to proceed as quickly and efficiently as possible, it is necessary to acquire countertrays in advance (the cross section must be at least 30x60 millimeters). As for their length, it should correspond to the width of the roll membrane, which is 1.5 meters. As a rule, a sealant is placed under the counters, which plays the role of a sealant and blocks moisture from entering through the holes left as a result of fastening. 
IMPORTANT: All wooden elements that are used in the truss system must be treated with special solutions. Antiseptics and flame retardants will reliably protect lumber from decay and fire.
The device of the waterproofing sheet must pass clearly from left to right and move from bottom to top. After attaching the first strip of material, the second strip is laid with an overlap of 15 centimeters. As a docking material, construction tape or butyl tape is used. In addition to its main task, this material creates a barrier to the release of heat, which has a positive effect on the entire roof. It is worth noting that the lower part of the waterproofing membrane must be removed to the upper part of the overhang. Thus, the accumulated moisture on the material will be discharged into the drainage system, which is mounted even before the start of this process.
As alternative a standard lumber crate can use a steel profile, but, as a rule, everyone refuses this. The wooden elements of the discharged crate must have a reliable section: 30x100 or 50x100 millimeters. In the case of a copper roof, the base under it is created solid, and all other materials can be laid on a discharged one, the pitch of the boards of which is 20-25 centimeters. As an additional protection of the seam roof valley and the edges of the slopes, they are equipped with a continuous crate.
Roof plank installation
One of the nuances of a seam roof is that the lower part of the roof in contact with the drainage system must be mounted before the main elements. This can be done by installing a cornice board, but if you have not purchased this element yet, then you can create a temporary alternative. To do this, a corner bar is arranged on the overhang, and on top of it, with an overlap of 2 centimeters, a sheet of metal is attached, which will be a moisture collector. 
After working with water drainage, you can begin to create a base for wind strips. As this fit regular bars section 30x50 millimeters.
Assembly of paintings and their fastening on a slope
Laying metal sheets by the folded method can be carried out in only two ways:
- Traditional method. The paintings are assembled on the ground and after they are lifted they are fixed on a slope. The symmetrical arrangement allows you to create a beautiful appearance of the roof as a whole. The whole process of the device can be described in a few words. The paintings are lifted onto the roof slope, laid out in right order and connect them using a single or double seam seam. In the case of metal flooring for large volumes, in addition to vertical joints, horizontal ones are also used.
- Modern Method. This technology has some difficulties, since metal in rolls is used for the flooring device. Before laying, it is cut into the necessary pictures, observing the desired length and creating bends for future seams. As a rule, a double fold is created on such metal, followed by sealant treatment.
If you are going to do everything yourself, then the most suitable option would be to purchase metal sheets with a self-latching mechanism. 
An important nuance is the delivery of material to the roof surface. It must be carried out in accordance with all rules and regulations. The most important of them are:
- Do not carry out roofing work in windy weather
- All material must be delivered on the roof one by one
- There must be 3 people at work. Two of which will serve and one will receive
- With a large mass of the product, use long lags
After the material is delivered to the surface, you can proceed with the installation of the roofing.
The whole process begins with the so-called starting picture. It is attached to the wind bar with the help of self-tapping screws so that a protrusion is formed. Experienced roofers advise not to tighten the screw to the end and leave a turnover somewhere. This will prevent the metal sheet from deforming during its heating. When using material without self-latching mechanisms, fastening to the crate is carried out using clamps.
If the length of the sheets was not chosen correctly, and it is much less than the slope, then the laying of the flooring should be carried out on the left. The last sheet of metal should be cut so that it protrudes 30 centimeters beyond its limits. After that, this edge is bent up.
If you have any questions, see how the seam roof is installed in this video:
Installation of additional elements
Work on the device of the roof is completed by the installation of additional elements, namely: the ridge, protective aprons, valleys and other less important elements. 
Since the roof is metal, it is necessary to take care of high-quality ventilation. As a rule, most developers use ventilated skates and this is the most rational thing to do. Often, on metal roofs in attic spaces, the air is very humid, therefore, the metal will begin to corrode very soon. In order to remove humidified vapors, this element is mounted.
The skate is arranged exactly on the parts of the paintings bent upwards, and if they are absent on the slope, then the fastening takes place using a special Z-bar. Her body has perforations, which has a positive effect on ventilation in general. The ridge element, as a rule, is selected under architectural design. It is produced semicircular, triangular and flat.
If the roof of your house has a complex truss system, then an angle called a valley is formed at the junction of the planes. Such elements should not be ignored, as they are most susceptible to moisture. In addition to the drain for water, the valley should be equipped with a continuous crate and waterproofing layer, in the same way as the overhangs of the roofing plane. fasten waterproofing material best of all with a construction stapler, and for greater sealing, the joints are smeared with mastic.
Repair work on the seam roof
Any responsible owner of a private house knows that annual preventive inspections of the roof surface are an integral part of living. Their minimum number is 2 times, one of which falls on the warm part of spring (when the snow on the roof begins to melt) and in autumn (to prepare the building for wintering). During this process, flaws that can cause leakage should be identified.
It is worth noting that in most cases the causes are minor and may require replacement of the sealant or fasteners of the paintings, but if annual preventive inspections are ignored, several paintings may need to be changed.
As you already know, aluminum and galvanized surfaces are attractive for developers. The fact is that they are the easiest to repair. You can use the patch device to close the problem area. By the way, if you are going to do this, then after the end of the process, do not forget to protect the newly created seams.
The easiest way to repair an aluminum roof is to patch it with self-tapping screws. To do this, you need to find a piece of material that will cover the problem area by 10 centimeters on each side. Next, we apply it to the base and fasten it with screws. After that, special roofing glue is poured into the seams. The procedure with filling the seams is repeated several times throughout the day.
Most common causes the formation of leaks is:
- A large step of the elements of the crate, which causes sagging of the sheets
- Over time, the truss system changed its geometry and subjected the metal sheets to deformation.
- Violation of the tightness of the seams
- The metal coating has begun to corrode or is mechanically damaged
Leaks in any case should not be ignored, as this will lead to decay truss system, therefore, you will have to repair the entire roof, or rather create it anew.
During operation, there may be moments when, with strong gusts of wind, the roofing sheets begin to rattle. The reason for this lies in the fasteners. Check them and replace with new ones if necessary.
If, after reading this article, you still do not understand how the seam roof is laid, and the video did not help, then the only rational solution would be to call specialists. They will not only help to deal with all the difficulties of the roofing installation, but also give a guarantee for their work.a
Seam roofs have a huge range in price. Since the seam is not a material, but a technology. The material can be anything - budget (galvanized), elite (copper), intermediate options. Consider what it is, profitable or unprofitable, what is the price per m2 of seam roofing and how much it justifies itself.
What is a fake?
A fold is a connection of two sheets of metal, in which the edges are bent together in one direction once (single fold) or twice (double). The double fold is more reliable and airtight; in all critical places (horse, knots) they perform it.
The seam is formed in two steps: folding the fold (if you are working with sheet / roll material, and not with the finished picture) and crimping.
An electric machine does everything in one go.
two or more sheets, which are connected on the ground and in this form are raised to the roof, are called a picture. Pictures are also called blanks with already folded edges. Some materials (galvanization, copper) are not sold in sheets, but in rolls: on a small roof, the picture may not have a single fold, the slope is covered with a single strip along its entire length. Locks will only be on the connection of the pictures with each other.
The fold can be standing or lying (the lock is bent parallel to the sheet). Bedridden connect horizontal stripes metal, the castle looks down, along the weir line. Perpendicular to the ridge (along the slope) make standing. There are also paintings with self-locking folds, they are connected to each other according to the tongue / groove principle.
Advantages and disadvantages of seam roofs
Benefits of a seam roof:
- low weight due to the small thickness of the metal (usually within 0.8 mm).
- due to the small thickness - flexibility, the ability to cover, including curved roofs;
- water resistance: the rebate is more airtight than fastening with hardware.
- the roof is more susceptible to mechanical damage than metal profile coatings;
- disadvantages of any metal roof: thermal conductivity, lack of sound insulation, electrical conductivity, electrostatics, the roof heats up in the heat;
- snow retainers are required: due to the smooth surface, an avalanche of snow is possible.
Durability and cost cannot be attributed to either advantages or disadvantages: they depend on the material. How more expensive material, the more durable the roof: simple galvanizing lasts no more than 10-15 years, copper and zinc-titanium - more than half a century. They look the prettiest of all.
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Basic rules for the installation of a seam roof
Roofing can be laid on a continuous or sparse crate. In the second case, the calculated step must be carefully observed so that the coating does not sag. For the manufacture of sparse crates are used:
- timber 5 by 5 cm, conifers impregnated with an antiseptic, humidity not more than 12%;
- board 3.2 by 10, similarly;
- metal profile with anti-corrosion coating (preferably used for pictures with self-locking folds).
If the crate is continuous, the vapor-diffusion film is placed on top of it, directly under the coating. If sparse - then under it.
In the presence of a heater, the structure of the cake is as follows:
- heat-insulating material (fits between the rafter legs);
- counterlattice;
- waterproofing membrane;
- crate.
Our work
The price of metal for seam roofing
Approximate cost of material in Moscow:
- simple galvanizing, sheet 1 by 2 meters - from 400 rubles, service life 10-15 years;
- galvanized with polymer coated lasts 15-30 years depending on the polymer. The price is proportional to the durability. Polyester - from 400 per square meter;
- purex - from 500;
- pural - from 600;
- aluminum - from 1.5 thousand per square, lasts up to 50 years (guarantee - 40);
- zinc-titanium from 3 thousand per square, lasts up to a century;
- copper - from 3 thousand to 150 years.
Prices are for sheet and roll materials. Metal for seam roofing can be sold in the form of blanks with an already bent edge. In this case, the price is not much higher. But the cost depends heavily on the manufacturer. 400-600 rubles for steel with a polymer coating is the price of Russian brands. Imported is 2 times more expensive. For example, pictures with self-locking folds from Ruukki polyester cost from 900 rubles per square, pural - from a thousand.
It should be noted that the purchase of expensive metals for the roof justifies itself: they are almost eternal, because they are not afraid of corrosion. From interaction with air and water, a patina forms on the surface. It does not reduce the strength of the material (as, for example, iron oxide), but, on the contrary, prolongs it: the patina layer reliably protects the sheets from corrosion. And it looks noble.
As for steel roofs, they, alas, do not last forever. Simple galvanizing has resistance external factors decreases as the zinc is washed away.
To extend the life of the roof, the roof is regularly painted. oil paint(at least once every 2-3 years). Non-galvanized metal on roofs (and in general for street work) cannot be used. Polymer-coated steel is more reliable than simple galvanizing, but the coating itself is very capricious. It is easy to scratch during the installation process, and if you do not immediately paint over the scratch polymer paint, corrosion will begin to develop at the site of damage.
For comparison, other popular roof coverings should be mentioned.
A metal tile costs on average about 300 rubles per square, the service life is up to half a century.
She also has a polymer coating, but there are advantages over a seam roof:
- well ventilated, less affected by condensation;
- mechanically stronger: profile waves serve as additional stiffeners.
Flexible tiles also cost about 300 rubles. Serves depending on the brand and model from 20 to 50 years. Absolutely sealed. There are no disadvantages of metals: heat / sound / electrical conductivity. You can’t cover a curved roof with a metal tile, but you can with a flexible one. Unlike seam roofing (roof slope 7-30 degrees, optimal - 10-15), bituminous tiles can cover slopes of any steepness, up to negative surfaces.
Ceramic tiles do not apply to budgetary coatings, from 1000 rubles. The service life is practically unlimited: in Europe there are houses with ceramic roofs built two centuries ago and older. But, unlike all of the listed roofs, ceramics are heavy. A reinforced truss system is needed.
The price for the work of the seam roof
The roof performs a very important function, regardless of its type and purpose of the structure. It is she who protects the house from the penetration of moisture, snow, wind, and also retains heat inside the living quarters. There are a large number of roofing materials that help the roof perform its function, but the seam view takes special place. And there are reasons for this - this is the reliability of the design, its long service life, the possibility of mounting it yourself.
Tools for the installation of seam roofing
A folding hammer is needed for working in hard-to-reach places
The length of the frame for the fold corresponds to the seam step
The mandrel blade will help to bend the edges of the paintings without using a machine
Video: sheet bender for seam roofing
Seam roofing material
Seam roofing involves the use of metal sheets. Until recently, it was only galvanized steel, which is still used by some homeowners due to its resistance to corrosion. Now the list for arranging a seam roof is much wider:
- Galvanized steel with polymer coating. It protects the folds from the damaging effects of ultraviolet rays on the metal, and also performs an aesthetic function, because the tone of the material can be matched to the color of the overall landscape design idea.
Pre-painted galvanized steel can be any color
- Copper. As a rule, it is produced in rolls. The material can be clean or textured. The latter most often imitates the relief of tiles or other roofing material. A copper seam roof has a long service life, in some cases it reaches hundreds of years. In addition, it is copper that allows you to connect metal sheets not only with the usual folds, but also by soldering.
The copper roof has a typical shade for this metal.
- Aluminum. This material is particularly soft. In some ways, it is similar to copper sheets, in particular, it is produced in rolls and may have a pattern. It has a long service life, can reach 80 years. The advantage of aluminum is that it does not corrode and does not require painting or coating with any other similar material. Also, aluminum is absolutely not afraid of temperature changes, which means it can be used in areas with a difficult climate.
Aluminum is completely corrosion resistant
- Zinc titanium. Relatively new metal material. Produced both in rolls and in tape. It has one significant drawback - excessive fragility, which makes the installation process a little more complicated. Zinc-titanium is incompatible with other metals, as well as with some types of wood, so the scope of the material is limited. To work with it, you need a special tool and some skills. In addition, it is forbidden to work with it at an air temperature below 5 degrees. But there are also advantages of zinc-titanium: long service life and resistance to corrosion.
Zinc-titanium requires extreme care during installation
A metal sheet with curved edges for a seam roof has a very unusual name. Experts call them paintings.
Do-it-yourself seam roofing
You can make a seam roof with your own hands, provided that the technology is fully observed. It is equally important to properly prepare the roof for installation.. This process includes:
- Lathing installation. Before installation, all wooden elements must be carefully treated with antiseptic agents and mixtures that prevent rotting and burning. The type of crate depends on the material used. For galvanized steel, it should have a step of 20–25 cm, for copper it should be solid. In the first case, boards are additionally laid along the edge of the roof, there should be several of them and you need to fasten them without gaps. Similar masonry should be along the ridge joint.
Shedding for a seam roof must be mounted with a minimum step or be solid
- Material preparation. This should be done even before the metal sheets are raised to the roof. Cut the material according to the drawings made to draw up a drawing on the roof. Additionally, you need to prepare elements for adjoining, overhangs and other roofing elements. You should also take the edges that are needed to securely fasten the standing folds. For the arrangement of a seam roof can be used different types connections: single and double standing, single and double lying. Their choice depends on the angle of the roof. For example, if it is 15 degrees, then you can use a single standing type of connection. On roofs with a smaller angle of inclination, it is recommended to use a double standing type of connection. When using this step is not needed.
Each type of seam roof connection is suitable for a certain slope and junction
It is not recommended to take paintings with uneven edges or curved ones for work. Such a roof will be devoid of aesthetics.
Seam roof laying technology
Technology does not stand still. This also applies to the method of laying the seam roof. At the moment, the so-called roll technology is used. Its feature is to create a picture for the entire length of the roof. At the same time, the rolls rise to the roof with the edges already prepared for fixing, and this greatly simplifies the installation process.
Metal sheets are fastened directly to the crate with the help of clamps, it is advisable to use the so-called wandering clamps, which significantly increases the reliability of fastening.
It is considered more reliable to use a floating clamp for a seam roof
IN problem areas it is recommended to use a double fold edge. This applies to valleys, gutters, grooves and other places where snow and water can accumulate. Lying seams can be used if you want the seams to be practically invisible on the roof. For roofs with a slope angle of more than 25 degrees, it is recommended to choose an angular standing seam, for which you just need to correctly bend the upper edge of the metal sheet.
Video: installation of a click-fold roof
Stages of installation of seam roof
The process of laying a seam roof is as follows:
- Installation of a cornice overhang, after which it is necessary to install a drainage system in the form of gutters. They should be installed at a slight angle. This will allow water from the roof to drain by gravity towards the funnel.
You need to start the installation of a seam roof with the installation of a cornice overhang
- Laying pictures on slopes. Finished sheets must be laid out on slopes in a vertical direction, starting from the ridge to the lower edge of the roof. Fasten the strips together with the selected type of connection. Temporarily, metal strips can be connected with nails almost at the very ridge.
Seam roof paintings should be laid in a vertical direction
- Fastening sheets to the crate. To do this, you should use clamps. They must be made from the same material that the roofing is made of. It is necessary to lay metal sheets in such a way that they rise 5–6 cm above the ridge. This protrusion will serve as material for the formation of the ridge ridge.
Paintings are fastened with clamps
- Joint sealing. All junctions with walls, groove joints must be treated with silicone sealant. This will prevent leaks in these areas.
Video: do-it-yourself seam roof installation
Installation of seam roof elements
After laying the metal sheets, you can proceed to the installation of roofing elements, namely the valley and the ridge.
To install the first element, you need:
A special metal pad is suitable for the skate. It has curved edges, thanks to which it easily fits with metal sheets of the roof. The ridge can be ventilated and non-ventilated, with the first option being preferable, since this will save on the installation of aerators to prevent condensation under the roofing material.
Seam roof ridge can be made independently
Video: valley eyeliner
Seam roof installation errors
At self-assembly seam roofing errors are possible. The most frequent are:
- Large pitch step. Ideally, it should be solid. This will prevent deformation of the metal sheets during the operation of the roof.
- Lack of treatment of wooden roof elements with antiseptic agents and mixtures against decay. Ignoring this rule will reduce its life. Despite the strength of the metal roofing, an unprotected roof will last exactly as long as the crate.
- Lack of ventilation gap in the roofing pie. This can lead to the fact that condensation will accumulate under the paintings, which will cause corrosion, because all the protective layers are on the outside.
- The use of metal fasteners that are incompatible with the metal of the roofing material. If you take copper for coating, then the clamp must also be copper, otherwise the seams will open.
- The use of a simple clamp when mounting long paintings. The metal expands and contracts under the influence of temperature changes, and a simple clamp is not able to withstand this. Therefore, it is recommended to use a floating element that has a free play.
- The use of a single method of attaching pictures in difficult places, which leads to deformation and divergence of the seam.
Video: mistakes that can be made when installing a seam roof
How to properly disassemble a seam roof
When repairing or replacing the seam coating, it will be necessary to dismantle it. But it is very important to disassemble it correctly. You need to do this in a certain sequence:
- coating around chimneys and ventilation pipes;
- windows, if any, on the roof;
- ordinary metal sheets;
- grooves;
- overhangs.
The seam roof is dismantled up to the restrictive grille, if any. Everything that is after it must be disassembled from the attic. For dismantling, it is worth taking a special tool - pliers. This must be done carefully, because the material can be reused.
A long service life is possible only if the installation technology is observed. Therefore, in advance you need to carefully deal with all the nuances associated with the seam roof, and prepare a special tool.
We wrote about how to choose a material for a seam roof, as well as what types of seam joints are considered the most reliable, in. Today we will talk about the design features of a metal roof and the technology of its installation.
Guaranteed to protect the seam roof from condensate, deformation and depressurization will help to comply with certain rules regarding the arrangement of the roofing pie, the features of laying the roofing itself and the sequence of its installation.
In this article, we will consider the following questions:
- What elements does a seam roof pie consist of.
- How to equip the cornice overhang of a seam roof.
- The sequence and technology of installation of folded panels.
- Arrangement of valleys and junctions of seam roofing.
If the construction of a house begins from the foundation, then the arrangement of a seam roof begins with the creation of a roofing cake that protects attic space from condensation and cold. At the same time, the roofing cake serves reliable protection noise from rainfall.
Pavel T. FORUMHOUSE user
If the roof insulation is 250-300 mm (I have 300), then no noise is heard (unless, of course, hail is the size of an egg). The only place where I can hear the rain (and even then weakly) is in the bathroom, which has a stretch ceiling.
In order for the thermal insulation to be of the required thickness, the insulation can be laid in several layers (between and under the rafters).
The roofing pie of the seam roof consists of several layers:
Let's consider them in more detail.
Supporting crate - lower wooden slats, on which a vapor barrier film and insulation are placed.
Vapor barrier film is a special material that does not allow moisture to penetrate from the room into the insulation.
Rafter - wooden beams section 200x50 mm. The distance between the rafters is 1.2 ... 2 m.
Mineral wool is most often used as a heater. The insulation is laid between the rafters directly on the vapor barrier film, which, in turn, is supported by the lower crate.
Waterproofing is a special film that allows moisture to pass through only in one direction (from bottom to top). Waterproofing does not allow under-roof condensate to penetrate into the insulation, but allows moist air to pass through, accumulating in a layer of mineral wool. Waterproofing film is a diffusion (breathable) membrane that is sold in hardware stores.
berd80 FORUMHOUSE user
You can spread a diffusion membrane, you can use a special volumetric membrane (only it costs decently). No consensus was reached on this issue.
Waterproofing spreads across the rafters in the direction - from the bottom up (starting from the eaves, towards the ridge). The film is attached to the wooden rafters with staples (using a stapler). Individual strips of the waterproofing membrane are overlapped (overlapping width - at least 100 mm). On gable overhangs, it is necessary to provide an overhang of the film (the width of the overhang is approximately 150 mm).
The film should not be in a taut state, and the allowable sagging of the membrane between two adjacent lags is 35 mm.
In no case should the same material be used as a vapor barrier and waterproofing. Moreover, you can not change their places. All this will lead to the accumulation of moisture in the insulation or, conversely, in the room. Mold development and successive destruction building structures V this case- guaranteed.
The counter-lattice is a 50x50 beam, which is nailed to the rafters over the waterproofing film. The counter-lattice allows you to create an air gap between the waterproofing and the seam coating.
A special sealing tape, which provides tightness in the places of nail joints and protects the insulation from moisture.
Lathing - transverse strips nailed to the counter-lattice at a certain distance.
Arhios FORUMHOUSE user
A bar 50x50 (counter-lattice) is nailed along the rafters, and on them (across) - planks 100x25 with a run-up (batten).
The counter grille provides ventilation of the under-roof space, which eliminates the condensate that forms there. In order for the counter-lattice to perform its functions with guarantee, the cornice overhang of the seam roof must be made according to the following scheme:
The crate must be strong, rigid and even. The maximum clearance between the crate and the control rail 1 meter long must not exceed 5 mm.
Effective ventilation of the under-roof space is provided by a ventilated ridge.
As well as a ventilation mesh PVC tape, which is stretched between the crate and the frontal board of the cornice overhang.
Thanks to these two elements, a constant blowing of the under-roof space is ensured.
The step of the crate deserves special attention - the distance through which the transverse strips are nailed. In accordance with the set of rules for the arrangement of a metal seam roof (SP 17.13330.2011), the distance between the individual laths of the crate should not exceed 200 mm. This allows the foot of a person walking on the roofing to rest on two boards at once, which protects the metal from deformation.
Along the edges of the roof (in the places of roof overhangs), as well as in the gutters, a continuous boardwalk with a width of at least 700 mm is created.
Some users of our portal recommend making a continuous crate over the entire area of the seam roof, which, in general, is not a mistake (especially if this coincides with the recommendations of the manufacturers of seam paintings). For example, in accordance with technological requirements a solid crate without fail "spreads" under the zinc-titanium roof.
A solid crate is a conditional concept. A small gap (no more than 10 mm) must be left between each transverse plank of the crate, which will compensate for the thermal expansion of the wood.
For more details, you can find out by visiting the corresponding FORUMHOUSE section.
Procurement of materials
If you decide to make seam paintings from rolled or sheet metal, then you cannot do without the use of sheet bending and seam-rolling machines. It is not advisable to purchase such equipment for personal construction. But this does not mean that metal should be bent manually.
vasilpolt FORUMHOUSE user
It is better to use the service of a team that has a machine for rolling pictures. The quality of the roof in this case will be better than if you bend the rolled products by hand. There is even a separate service - "Picture rental". Virtually every roofing company that has the necessary equipment offers it to their customers. Try searching in your area.
Also, with the help of sheet bending equipment, you can make the necessary additional elements. What kind of extensions will be needed for construction - it depends on the design features of the roof.
The photo shows typical profiles, the geometry and dimensions of which may differ depending on the characteristics of a particular roof.
Device and installation of the cornice unit
Installation of a folded roof begins with the arrangement of cornice overhangs. Immediately pay attention to the fact that the cornice overhangs have a different design. It directly depends on the design. drainage system. Drainage systems, in turn, can have hanging or wall drains.
The cornice overhang with a hanging gutter does not have transverse seams, which makes the roof more airtight and easier to install. Considering that snow and ice can easily damage the suspended gutter, the roof surface with long slopes has to be equipped with additional elements for snow retention.
A system with wall drains and flat top ebbs has more complex structure, and its installation is best left to experienced tinsmiths. The rigidity of the system with wall gutters is an order of magnitude higher than that of its counterpart with hanging gutters.
Roofer1959 FORUMHOUSE user
Regarding the gutters: if they are done correctly, then any are good. Wall-mounted - more reliable in terms of rigidity, and I can vouch for its safety. But there is weakness- eyeliner paintings (especially if the fold is single). Suspended is deprived of this minus, but its rigidity at certain conditions operation may be called into question.
There is no consensus on which drain should be installed complete with a seam roof. But no matter which option you personally like, the eaves knot will have to be equipped according to the same principles.
Installation of the cornice unit begins with the installation of drips and ventilation tape.
The lower cornice profile - a "drip" (through which the condensate formed in the under-roof space will drain) - is mounted on the rafters and covered with a waterproofing membrane. This is done at the stage of arranging the roofing pie.
A thin layer of adhesive or roofing sealant should be applied between the waterproofing and the drip.
Sometimes the lower drip is not used at all: for example, if the under-roof space is well ventilated (using a ventilated ridge on top and a ventilation tape on the bottom). But it is better if it is, after all, installed.
nekorsakov FORUMHOUSE user
Installed first plastic mesh on the gap between the crate and the frontal board. On top of the mesh, cornice strips were stuffed, which were fastened to the crate with galvanized roofing nails, hammering them in a checkerboard pattern. The slats were mounted along a cord stretched along the cornice overhang, and the mesh was simply attached close to the edge.
PVC mesh protects the roof space from insects and debris. The distance between the cornice strip and the ventilation mesh must be at least 2-3 cm.
If it is planned to use suspended gutters as part of the roof, it is necessary to think in advance how to install cornice hooks for the gutter system. So, long cornice hooks, which are attached to the upper crate, are wound directly under the eaves bar. Under each hook, it is necessary to make a recess in the surface of the crate. Otherwise, the folded pictures along the edge of the overhang will go in waves.
To give the cornice overhang additional rigidity, metal roofing crutches are installed under the cornice strip.
The crutches cut into the flooring flush with the surface of the crate (similar to gutter hooks) and are attached to it with self-tapping screws.
The distance between two adjacent crutches is 60-70 cm.
Standard crutches are commercially available, but it is quite possible to make them yourself. For the manufacture of crutches, a steel strip is most often used - 40x4 mm. Billets of the required size are welded together, after which they are drilled and subjected to anti-corrosion treatment (treated with a primer).
Fasteners for galvanized roofing (including crutches) must be made only from galvanized steel.
The standard T-shaped crutch for the eaves has a width of 100 to 200 mm, and its length depends on the design features of the roof.
Crutches are used to reinforce cornice overhangs, as well as other roof elements. Therefore, they can have different geometry, which depends on the direct purpose of the product.
Seam joints themselves are already stiffeners. Therefore, on roofs with suspended gutters, roof spikes may not be used, but may be replaced by strips of galvanized or painted metal. They are installed along the overhang. Steel strips are placed on top of the eaves strip or placed under it - depending on the geometry of the eaves profile.
nekorsakov
Before the installation of the folded paintings, it was necessary to install additional metal strips, reinforcing the rigidity of the overhang and forming a ledge (50 mm), for which the folded edges were then fastened and crimped.
Seam roofs equipped with wall gutters and flat flashings must be reinforced with roofing spikes without fail.
Having completed the arrangement of the cornice assembly, you can proceed to the next stage of work. But first, let's talk a little about the construction tool.
Tools and fixtures for mounting folded paintings
A mallet (plastic, wooden or rubber) and a hammer are tools for forming bends and other elements of a seam roof.
Shlyazen (mandrel, mandrel-blade) - a device that serves to form ridges and arrange locks at junctions (valleys, bypass ventilation ducts and chimneys, etc.).
Straight and corner pliers (large and small) for forming seam bends and other complex elements and roofs.
Crimping roof frames - used for crimping L-shaped and double seams. In fact, both frames are used to close the double fold, because its folding is carried out in two passes: the L-frame closes the single standing fold during the first pass, and the frame for closing the double fold is used during the second pass.
There are also frames for bending roof overhangs. They are used when mounting various paintings (including self-latching ones).
A set of scissors for metal with various cutting angles.
It is impossible to cut the panels with a grinder or other abrasive tool! It destroys protective covering material.
Installation of roof slopes on the example of a gable roof
Installation of roof slopes begins with the installation of the start panel. The key difference between the launch panel and the ordinary panel lies in the special geometry of the profile, thanks to which it is possible to attach the picture to the crate from two sides at once.
The step between adjacent fasteners (clamps) is 40 ... 50 cm.
Clamps must completely repeat the geometry of the bends that are on the side shelves of the folded paintings. Such fasteners can be made independently, or can be purchased on the construction market.
If the length of the roof slopes exceeds 6.5 meters, experts recommend using movable clamps that allow you to compensate for possible deformations from the thermal expansion of the panels.
After installing the starting picture, the rest of the roof is installed.
nekorsakov
Next to the laid and fixed picture, the next one is laid, which overlaps (with a folded edge) closes the nail shelf of the previous panel. Both paintings are crimped into the lock together with already installed (hidden) clasps. The result is a very reliable and tight connection, because all the fasteners are covered with sheets of metal.
Seam joints are crimped in a standard sequence. First, with the help of a frame for closing the horizontal lock, the first crimp is made. Then, with the help of a frame for closing the double seam, a second crimp is made.
The finishing picture is cut to size (so that it does not protrude beyond the gable overhang), folded over and fastened with clamps to the crate. The gable overhang is subsequently closed with a special profile.
Foamed soundproofing tape, which can be placed under the seam panels along their entire length, additionally protects the room from noise generated during rain. The tape is cut to size and stapled to the crate.
We have described the sequence of installation of paintings made on folding equipment according to individual sizes. Installation of a self-latching roof has its own nuances.
For example, during the installation of self-latching panels, roofing screws are used instead of clamps, which are screwed into the nail strips of the seam paintings. There are elongated holes on the nail strips that help to compensate for the thermal deformation of the panels.
For fastening clamps and self-latching panels to a wooden crate, roofing nails or galvanized self-tapping screws with a press washer (for wood) that have a flat head should be used.
To prevent the self-latching roof from rippling in hot weather, the self-tapping screws must be screwed exactly into the middle of the oblong hole. At the same time, having screwed the self-tapping screw completely, it should be unscrewed by about a quarter of a turn (so that the panel can move slightly under the action of thermal expansion).
Roofing in places of cornice overhangs
The ridges of the folded paintings, located in the places of the cornice overhangs, should be cut (literally by 2 ... 3 cm).
After that, the remaining (protruding) part of the picture will easily bend under the cornice overhang, forming a reliable and tight cornice ledge.
It is not necessary to completely remove the extreme part of the comb. It can be bent by forming a neat decorative cap at the end of the fold.
Installation of side end plates
We present the installation scheme of the side gable profile.
- The bar on which the wind bar is attached (the dimensions of the bar are selected based on the geometry of the wind profile).
- Roofing self-tapping screw "metal-wood".
- Side end plate.
- Start/finish panel of seam roofing.
- Self-tapping screw with a press washer.
- Klammer.
At the junction of the roof slopes, the end strips are connected as follows.
Installation of a ventilated ridge
The main elements of a ventilated ridge are: the upper ridge profile, ventilation grille and supporting elements.
nekorsakov
I decided to put the lower (supporting) slats between the crate and the picture, without fixing anything additionally. On top of them I mounted the upper strips (with some overlap). As a result, the support bar is held not by individual self-tapping screws, but by a whole roofing sheet, fixed with clamps and crimped with adjacent sheets. In this mounting option, the perforated wall of the support bar turned out to be pushed deep from the edge, which seemed to me better both aesthetically and functionally (away from the "aggressive" external environment with its precipitation).
Pipe Bypass
Chimneys and ventilation shafts are protruding elements, bypassing which, when arranging a seam roof, requires certain skills in performing tin work. Consider standard version bypass on the example of a self-latching roof. It can be installed by any non-professional roofer.
Pieces with locks are cut off from standard seam panels (indicated in red in the diagram). Adjacency strips (side aprons) are formed from them, which, on the one hand, are adjacent to the pipe wall, and on the other, they snap into place with neighboring paintings. The space between the side aprons is closed with abutment strips (upper and lower), which do not have a latch. A hook is made on the top bar, on which a picture is placed, suitable for the chimney from above. The lower bar with a hook lies on the lower picture.
The aprons adjoining the pipe walls are closed with roofing sealant.
Panels that have rolled under a double fold are mounted in the same way at the place bypassing the pipe.
All four aprons, in this case, are connected to the adjoining paintings by recumbent and standing folds.
Valley device
Immediately pay attention to the requirements for arranging the base for the valley bar: the base here will be a solid wooden crate.
The design of metal junctions should ensure maximum tightness of the roof at the junction of two slopes. Therefore, the valley bar must be fastened to the crate with clamps (in no case with self-tapping screws), and the adjoining paintings to the valley should be closed with a double fold.
Sofa owner
Not the best solution is to perforate the paintings (and at the same time the valley) with self-tapping screws. It is more correct to make a fold (hem) on the edge of the picture and bring it to the corresponding fold of the valley. The result is a recumbent fold. The size of the overlap is approximately 30 millimeters. The endova, in turn, is fastened with clamps to the crate.
These rules are relevant for folded patterns and profiles made from sheet or rolled products on sheet-bending / seam-rolling equipment. When installing junctions on a “snap roof”, the instructions and recommendations of the roof panel manufacturers should be followed.
Connections to the wall
Adjacency to the wall is a structural element, without which no complex roof can do. Similar connections have simple design and are performed using a special profile.
You can find out more, as well as about the technological points associated with its installation, in the corresponding section of our portal. You can get information by reading an article based on the recommendations of FORUMHOUSE users. For those readers who want to see a visual master class on the installation of a seam roof, we have prepared a small thematic video.
Old Moscow mansions are covered with seam roofs. This type of roof is strongly associated with architectural classics. However, almost all cottages in classical style, tiled. Perhaps it is worth returning to the well-forgotten old? Moreover, it is not so expensive, but it looks more stylish.
Roofing sheets, which are fastened with a seam method, are called paintings. Used as material for paintings different metals and alloys: copper, aluminum, zinc-titanium, galvanized steel. The most expensive is to cover with copper. Zinc-titanium is a more democratic material, but some of its models overtake copper in price, and it behaves capriciously - it can rot if installed incorrectly. Perhaps the most budget decision there will be a folded roof made of aluminum with a polymer coating and a film that protects the sheets from scratches. Galvanized steel sheets also suitable for our climate. They can be coated with polyester and plastisol. Such steel withstands heavy loads, repels dirt well and resists temperature extremes. Zinc-titanium actually includes copper, so it can develop a patina over time. But there is a kind of material that is covered with a protective transparent film and is designed for any climatic conditions. When ordering non-oxidized copper seam roofing, be aware that over time the natural oxidation process will cause your roof to turn green. Modern technologies make it possible to delay this moment and achieve a uniform "greening", but one way or another, patina is inevitable. Will it match the color of your home? Think about the consequences ahead of time. Copper is a material that requires respect. During its installation, workers must move in rubber shoes so as not to leave scratches on the sheets.
“Paintings” are cut out under the shape of your roof. Rolled metal, in contrast to the popular metal tiles, gently bends around the domed sections of the roof, the tops of the turrets, bay windows. Along the edges of the sheet-picture has a fold, which serves as a fastener with the adjacent sheet. The connection of the folds is lying single and double, as well as standing corner, when two sheets are connected and bent at an angle of 90 ° C, and double, when the edges are bent at 180 ° C, forming a straight seam-comb. The latter option is more reliable, as it eliminates leaks. There are also self-locking connections. The folds on the sheets are made in production, and they are connected on the spot using a special device. To fasten paintings to the base of the roof, clamps are used, which are movable and fixed. The former are used for a certain sheet length, when we are talking about the expansion of the metal - it is the movable part of the clamp that allows the metal to expand and contract without breaking. For the same purpose (so that the sheet can walk), the folded ridges are not pressed to the end, leaving a small gap. Fixed clamps are also needed, but they are installed in other places. Specialists themselves determine where which fasteners are needed depending on the size and location of the sheets, however, even with professional assembly, the metal can form small waves. This is due to its expansion. Over time, the material will “settle down” and the waves will become less noticeable.
A pie for a seam roof is not much different from a pie for a metal tile - all the same crate, the pitch of which depends on the angle of inclination. However, there are still nuances. For example, a zinc-titanium seam roof requires good ventilation, otherwise it quickly rots. For ventilation, 2 methods are suitable: simple and expensive. When idle, make sparse wooden crate. But you can also make a continuous crate, and lay a special membrane on it. It is necessary to mount zinc-titanium at positive temperatures, otherwise it may break. Seam roofs are good because they can be flat, but if the slope angle is less than 14C, then the crate under the roof should be solid. Titanium-zinc roofing runs the risk of rusting in places if the wrong components are used - only galvanized steel or stainless steel materials are suitable for such sheets. And with copper, you can not use anything other than stainless steel or the same copper.
Expert opinion
There is a common misconception - the seam roof is noisy. In fact, if there is thermal insulation in the roofing cake, then the problem of sound insulation is also solved. In addition, the metal does not have a tile section, which makes it less noisy. Trust the installation of the roof better for professionals who are well acquainted with the folded laying method. "Specialists of all trades" are unlikely to know in which places movable and in which fixed clamps are needed. They have not heard about the linear expansion of the metal, so during installation they are unlikely to make an amendment for this, and such an error can lead to a rupture of the material.
To give additional strength to metal sheets, longitudinal stiffeners are made on them. Such a roof can withstand additional snow load.
Errors when assembling sheets-pictures:
- Loose seams;
- Rupture of sheets due to their constriction;
- Gathering on metal due to poor fit.
Benefits of seam roofing:
- Absolute tightness (with proper installation);
- Possibility of hermetic coating of complex roofing forms;
- The best coating yield is if the roof is almost flat (angle of inclination up to 12°C).
