Chemical reactions in the kitchen with water. Home Einstein: entertaining experiments in the kitchen. Chemistry and Substances
Municipal educational institution
"Average comprehensive school No. 10"
Research
« Entertaining chemistry in the kitchen"
Performed:
4th grade student
Shchetinina Daria
Supervisor:
Ivashova Tatyana Vasilievna,
teacher primary school
Pechora
2017
1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………..page 3
2. Theoretical part
2.1. What is chemistry ……………………………………………..page 4
2.2. Chemicals in the kitchen…………………………….page 4
3. Practical part
3.1 The study of public opinion…………………………….page 5
3.2. Experiments in the kitchen……………………………………………….page 5-7
4. Final part ……………………………………………….page 8
5. Used sources ………………………………………. page 9
1. Introduction
My mom is a chemist. This is an amazing profession! I often visit her in her office and every time I am surprised how boldly, interestingly my mother spends different experiences, like a real sorceress, turns one substance into another. And all this without magic wand and magic spells. It fascinates me every time. Chemistry is the science of "real magic".
I like to watch my mother at home when she is in the kitchen. I noticed that she adds something sizzling and bubbling to the pancake batter. To the question: “What is it and why should it be put in the dough?” Mom smiled and said that the kitchen is a small chemical laboratory.
I already had some idea about chemistry, I saw different test tubes, jars with beautiful liquids inside. But what's the connection between mom's delicious pancakes and chemicals and transformations? This is what I decided to find out, and my mother gladly agreed to help me with this.When my mother and I thought about all the products in the kitchen, it turned out that the kitchen is nothing but a chemical laboratory. And the products themselves are chemical substances with their properties and characteristics.Thus, the idea of the study was born - to conduct own experiences in the kitchen.
An object research - products and substances that are used for cooking.
Subject is the study of phenomena occurring with substances and products in the kitchen.
Target : to prove that chemical experiments can be carried out in the kitchen.
W adachi:
1. Expand knowledge of chemistry by studying the literature
2. Conduct chemical experiments with food in the kitchen.
3. Prove that the kitchen is a whole chemical laboratory.
Hypothesis: suggested that in our kitchen you can conduct entertaining experiments.
2. Theoretical part
2.1. What is chemistry?
Chemistry – science is amazing. As soon as a person appears on the white light, he enters the world of chemicals. The first breath, and already in the lungs a mixture of gases, the first sip of mother's milk - and the protein begins to work in the baby's body.
Our body is a “chemical reactor”, because it turns one substance into another and at the same time releases energy for life. To deal with countless useful and harmful substances, to find out their structure, properties, role in nature is one of the tasks of chemistry. It is needed by the builder, and the farmer, and the doctor, and the housewife, and the cook. So what is chemistry?
Chemistry - one of the sciences about nature, about the changes taking place in it.
The dictionary of S. Ozhegov says thatthe subject of study of chemistry are substances, their properties, transformations and the processes that accompany these transformations.
Around us a huge amount of useful and harmful substances! In nature, there are natural substances that were created without human intervention. These are water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, stone, wood and others.
There are substances created by man. They are called artificial substances. These are plastic, rubber, glass and others. In addition to useful, there are harmful substances, which are becoming more and more every year! Harmful substances are substances that cause disease and injury in humans. For example, exhaust gases from cars and smoke from factory pipes, mercury in thermometers, chlorine in cleaning products.
Any substance is either in its pure form or consists of a mixture of pure substances. As a result of chemical reactions, substances can be transformed into a new substance.
Chemistry has existed since ancient times, but it became a real science quite recently - no more than 200 years ago. Theoretical basis chemistry was founded by the ancient Greek scientists Anaxagoras and Democritus. The creators of the modern system of ideas about the structure of matter are: the great Russian scientist M.V. Lomonosov, French chemist A. Lavoisier, English physicist and chemist J. Dalton, Italian physicist A. Avogadro.
2.2. Chemicals in the kitchen
I wonder how the kitchen resembles a science laboratory?
Let's open the kitchen cabinet. Vinegar, baking soda, vegetable oil, sugar, flour, salt, milk, starch, meat. Nothing chemical, you say, is not here. Ordinary food items. But it was not there! These are the real chemicals that bring delicious, nutritious and delicious food to our table. healthy meals. Mom said that these substances even have chemical names.
For example: salt is sodium chloride
baking soda - sodium bicarbonate;
vinegar - acetic acid;
sugar - sucrose;
milk-lactose;
meat proteins and fats
3. Practical part
3.1 Studying public opinion
We compiled a questionnaire and studied the opinions of students (24 people)
№Questions
Answer options
What does chemistry study?
I know-9
I don't know-15
Do you know chemicals?
Yes-7
No-17
Is it possible to conduct chemical experiments at home?
Yes-10
No-14
Would you like to experiment at home?
Yes-17
No-7
Results: the guys know little about chemistry and chemicals, almost everyone has a great desire to conduct experiments at home! (17 people out of 24).
3.2. Experiences in the kitchen.
Experience #1 "Egg-Submarine"
You will need:liter jar with plain water, edible salt, as a "submarine" - an ordinary egg.
Course of action: Pour half a jar of water and dip an egg into it. We see that the egg has sunk.Pour a glass of salt into the jar and mix thoroughly. The result - the egg floated like a submarine. Salt water helps to stay on the surface. And therefore it is much easier to swim in the sea than in the river. And in the Dead Sea it is impossible to drown at all due to the fact that the water there is unusually salty.
Conclusion: An egg is heavier than ordinary water, but lighter than salted water, so it does not sink.
Experience #2- "Funny Bubbles"
You will need: glass or small jar, lemon, baking soda.
Course of action:
Pour baking soda into the bottom of a glass or small jar. Cut a lemon, squeeze lemon juice.
Add lemon juice to a glass of soda. And what do we see? bubbles appeared at the bottom of the glass.
Conclusion:Acid reacts with baking soda to release carbon dioxide , the one which we exhale. And if you take more vinegar and soda, then you can even inflate a balloon with gas!
Experience #3- "Sorting"
We will need:
Paper towel, salt- 1 tsp ground pepper - 1 tsp, balloon.
Course of action : Mix salt and pepper thoroughly with a spoon. Inflate a balloon, tie it up and rub it against a woolen cloth or head. Bring the ball closer to the salt and pepper mixture. What do we see?Pepper stuck to the ball, and salt remained on the table.
Conclusion: With the help of a ball, you can sort the scattered substances.
ABOUT 
torture number 4-"
Lemon Magician»
You will need: two glasses, two tea bags lemon, boiling water.
Course of action: You need to brew tea in 2 glasses so that the color is the same. In one of the glassesadd a piece of lemon. And what do we see? The tea brightened before my eyes!
Conclusion: Lemon is a real bleach magician!
Experience No. 5 "Secret Letter"
You will need: a small container, milk, a sheet of clean paper, a brush, an iron.
X 
course of action:
Pour milk into a container. Take a sheet of paper and a brush. Wet the brush in milk and write on paper with "milk ink". There are invisible inscriptions. After 10 minutes, iron a sheet of paper with milk records. As a result, the secret of the letter was revealed! We saw the inscription - "CHEMISTRY" Why? Milk contains water and other substances such as the protein casein. When we ironed a sheet of paper with an iron, we heated the milk to a temperature of +100 °C. After that, the water evaporatedand the casein protein fried and turned brown.
Conclusion: milk can be a secret paint! And they can write!
Experience No. 6 "Miracle Oil"
You will need: balloon, sunflower oil, skewer
X 
course of action:
We inflate a balloon, take a narrow wooden stick and moisten it completely in sunflower oil. Slowly pierce the ball through with this stick. Oil has spread around the edges of the hole in hot-air balloon and did not let air out, so the balloon did not deflate.
Conclusion: Thanks to the oil, the ball did not burst!
ABOUT 
torture number 7
"Gray Chocolate"
You will need: glass of water, chocolate bar, spoon
Course of action: Spoon water over chocolatewrap the chocolate in foil and put it in the fridgenot in the freezer! ). After 1-2 weeks, get chocolate.
Appeared on the surface of the chocolate white coating- chocolate "turned gray". These were sucrose crystals, as water attracts them.
Conclusion: Chocolate due to water can "turn gray"
Experience No. 8 "Pepsi-cola is a cannibal"
P 
she will need:
empty glass, pepsi-cola, piece raw meat
Course of action: Pour Pepsi-Cola into a glass add a piece of raw meat to it and leave for a few days.The piece of meat dissolved, and an unpleasant sediment appeared in the glass.
Conclusion: Pepsi Cola can dissolve even pieces of meat!
Experience No. 9 "Desirable Gelatin"
Gelatin is an animal glue obtained from cartilage, tendons and bones of calves, piglets and dried for long-term storage. When it is filled with water, it swells.
You will need: edible gelatin, water, containers, jelly mold
1
. Pour gelatin into a container and pour a glass of warm boiled water leave for 30 minutes.
2. The swollen gelatin was stirred with a spoon and poured into a saucepan.
3. Warmed up on the stove, stirring with a spoon. The gelatin dissolved and a "magic" solution was obtained.
4. Poured into a mold. Let it cool down.
5. After that, put in the refrigerator until solidified.
6. They took it out of the molds and it turned out to be a beautiful jelly
Conclusion: With the help of gelatin, you can get edible figurines!
Experience No. 10 "Colored Bubbles"
You will need: sunflower oil, water, gouache, glass, syringe
Course of action:
1. Pour oil into a transparent glass.
2. Using a syringe, drop water tinted with green gouache into the oil. There were droplets of green water in the oil, which did not mix with the oil, but simply floated in the glass.
4
. Dip a fizzy tablet into the oil.
Conclusion: It was one of the most beautiful experiences! Bubbles of carbon dioxide began to move the "balls" of green water and lift them up! Simply beauty!
4. Conclusion
Having studied the literature, having done experiments, we were convinced that many processes occurring in our kitchen are chemical phenomena.
So my hypothesis was confirmed -experiment in the kitchen!
The tasks were completed: they learned what chemistry and chemicals are, conducted chemical experiments with products. Therebywe proved that the kitchen is a whole chemical laboratory.
5. Sources used
1. Transfer "NEOKuhnya" on the channel "Carousel".
2.www.alhimik.ru/teleclass/azbuka/1gl.shtml- electronic version of the chemical alphabet from the newspaper "Chemistry" of the publishing house "First of September".
3.N.M. Zubkov "Scientific answers to children's "why". Experiments and experiments for children from 5 to 9 years old". Publishing house Speech 2013.
4. Olgin O. Let's do some chemistry!: Entertaining experiments in chemistry / Il. E. Andreeva. – M.: Det. Lit., 2002. - 175 p.: ill. - (Know and be able!).
Are your kids bored with no idea what to do? Do you want to please them with something unusual? Or maybe you are planning a children's birthday party and are wondering what to do with your guests? You have an inexhaustible resource of cognitive pastime in your hands! This resource is the laws of nature, demonstrating the action of which you can not only take time, but also act as a teacher of physics and chemistry for your children.
Demonstration of experiments is a good opportunity to interest the child natural sciences. To do this, you only need a desire, elementary knowledge in the field of physics, the simplest reagents and equipment (which you have in your kitchen).
The main principles of home physics
- Rule number one (most important). First, a demonstration of experience, then - its explanation and application of the law! It is this sequence that attracts maximum attention, and causes main question Researcher - Why?
- Rule two. The child must see, touch, smell the smell, participate in the manufacture of samples, reagents and equipment, independently do again what you showed him! This will testify that physics and chemistry are the reality that surrounds us, subject to him. This will tell him that the laws of nature are in his hands! He is a creator who influences the world around him!
- Rule three. Your explanation of the perfect experience should be simple, concise, and clear. It must go back to a specific physical or chemical law, demonstrate its work. An explanation should not complicate understanding, but simplify. The key word in this part of the lesson should be "Because ...".
- Rule four. Anticipate and accompany the experience with an atmosphere of mystery, create intrigue! Imagine a demonstration in the form of a magical act, a miracle, an amazing discovery! But after its completion, be sure to explain that the magic and mystery are cleared up scientific knowledge. That behind all these miracles are not fairies and gnomes, but the laws of nature.
- Rule five. Pay attention to safety when conducting a demonstration! Even if you are working with ordinary water, take care not to spill it on the parquet, do not damage furniture or electrical appliances.
What experiments can be done at home?
When choosing a topic, it is not at all necessary to limit yourself to the framework of school knowledge: you can make an experiment on any topic that is accessible to understanding and explanation. It is enough to name the well-known premises (perhaps they have already been discussed at school), from which you will build on the demonstration of experience and the subsequent explanation of the law of nature. For example, you can start the experiment by asking: “You know, of course, that all objects fall down. By the way, why do they fall down? That's right, because there is a law of gravity! Let's see what will happen…”Here are some examples of experiments that are easy to carry out at home.
1. Boil the egg in a paper pan
Take a leaf thick paper, roll the cap out of it. Glue the joints with quick-drying glue and fasten with stapler staples. Pour water into this paper container, put a raw egg. Bend the holder from the wire (it can be made by piercing the walls of the cap at the edges) and fix the holder over the candle flame. Even if the flame of a candle licks the paper, it will not catch fire! Thus, the water in this paper pot can be brought to a boil and even an egg can be boiled. But until the water evaporates, the flame cannot harm this vessel.
The explanation for this experiment is quite simple: water can only be heated to the boiling point (+100°C), after which it turns into steam. The water absorbs excess heat from the heated paper and prevents it from heating above 100°C, i.e. does not ignite.
2. The needle does not sink in water
Pour water into a saucepan. Carefully, using tweezers, place a piece of thin paper on the surface of the water, and place a steel needle on the paper. A condition is necessary - the needle must be dry! Then, also gently, using tweezers, remove the paper from under the needle. This is done as follows: first immerse the edges of the sheet in water, and then the entire sheet. You will see that the needle will remain floating on the surface of the water!
Why does a steel needle not sink in water? After all, all metal objects (with the exception of those in which there is air) sink? The answer lies in the force of surface tension. It is they who are used by water strider bugs sliding through the water.
3. Water does not pour out of the glass
Another experiment demonstrating the work atmospheric pressure, known to all. It does not require special preparations for its execution. Take a glass, fill it with water, cover with a thick sheet of paper. Holding the sheet firmly with your hand, turn the glass upside down. Gently remove the hand supporting the sheet. Water from the glass will not spill because the sheet will press against the hole. A piece of paper will create a boundary between water and air. A low pressure is created inside the glass, which presses the sheet and prevents the water from spilling.
4. Sea and fresh water
And this experiment demonstrates the density of water. To implement it, take two transparent containers with water (you can take two liter jars), in one of which add three tablespoons of salt. Let the salt dissolve. Then take two raw chicken eggs and put in each of the jars. You will see that the egg does not sink in salt water, but floats to the surface. Why is this happening? The thing is that the density of salt water is much higher than that of fresh water. Liquids with a higher density hold the body on the surface more easily. To illustrate, we can talk about the Dead Sea in Israel: the concentration of salt in its water is more than 30%. That is why it is impossible to drown in the Dead Sea!
5. Naughty ice
Another experiment demonstrating the density of liquids can be done using ice, water, and vegetable oil. Take a transparent container (you can use a glass), pour water into it up to half. Then place an ice cube in the water. You will see ice floating on the surface of the water. Pour vegetable oil into the same glass, bringing the volume of liquids but completely filling the vessel. It turns out that the ice will not float through the oil, but will “hang” between two liquids! This proves that ice is less dense than water but more dense than oil. For this reason, it floats in water but sinks in oil.
6. Does water flow upwards?
The experiment demonstrates the properties of water that can rise up through the capillaries of plant roots. Take a napkin, cut a ribbon 3-4 cm wide from it. Mark this strip with a division marker, with a distance of one centimeter.
Dip one end of the tape from the napkin into a plate of water, and fix the other end at a height of 10 cm from the surface of the water. You can observe how the water rises up the napkin (this is obvious if you look at the divisions printed on the tape). On this simple example it can be explained that water fills the voids of cellulose and rises up. Thanks to these properties of water, plants receive nutrition through the roots.
7. Cloud at home
In order to explain the process of cloud formation to a child, you can offer him a simple experiment. Take glass jar(2-3 liter), fill it hot water on the? part of the total. Place a metal plate on the opening of the jar (you can use a baking sheet from the oven). Put a few pieces of ice on top of the plate.
After a few minutes, when the lid has cooled, steam will form inside the jar: warm air, rising up, will meet with cold surface, and emit the smallest particles of water in the form of steam. This simple experiment shows the mechanism of cloud formation.
8. Water in the solid state
Continuing the experiments with water, explain that it can be in three states: liquid, solid and gaseous. liquid state water is familiar to everyone, it does not need to be specially demonstrated. The gaseous state can be shown in the Cloud at Home experiment. In order to demonstrate the third state of water, and explain the mechanism of ice formation, follow these simple steps.
Pour water into a small container to the very brim, cover it with a cardboard lid. Place the container in the freezer for several hours. When the water is completely frozen, you will find that the lid no longer covers the opening of the vessel tightly. This indicates that when freezing, the water expands and "looks for a place" where it would "climb out". Since the lid is the most " weakness» at the container, the water lifts it. This experience not only demonstrates the third state of water (ice), but also shows how it behaves when it freezes.
9. What do we breathe out?
This experiment is from the field of chemistry, it illustrates the topic of gases in nature. For its execution, take a plastic bottle, fill it with water by one third. Pour one spoon into this water. baking soda and three tablespoons of vinegar. All this must be done quickly! Then put a balloon on the neck of the bottle and tightly wrap your hands around the neck. The balloon will inflate! Carbon dioxide, formed as a result of the chemical reaction of the combination of water, soda and vinegar, will fill the balloon!
Explain to the child what this gas is and how it is formed. It will be interesting for a child to know that we exhale the same gas.
All of the above experiments are taken from the wonderful book by Y. Perelman "Entertaining Physics". It's pretty Old book. Today it is easy to find a lot of literature in which you can get ideas for conducting home experiments in physics and chemistry. Here are some of the sources:1. Books from the Masterilka series
- Funny physical experiments. Repiev S.A. Publisher: Karapuz.
- Spinning-spinning. Mudrak T.S. Publisher: Karapuz.
- Funny chemistry experiments. Repiev S.A. Publisher: Karapuz.
3. Big book of entertaining sciences, Ya. Perelman.
4. Scientific entertainment with simple things. Experiments and experiments for children. Shapiro A.I.
5. Fascinating experiences with a magnet. Bulkagov V.N.
Maternity.ru wishes you and your children a pleasant developmental leisure!
Photo - photobank Lori
Our actions:
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Figure 3 |
Figure 4 |
Our actions:
1. Pour milk into a container.
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Figure 4 |
Figure 5 Figure 6 |
Our actions:
1. Inflate a balloon.
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Figure 10 |
Figure 11 |
1 experience.
Our actions:
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Figure 14 |
Figure 15 |
Our actions:
Figure 16 Figure 17
Figure 18 Figure 19
Figure 20 Figure 21
View document content
"Chemistry in the Kitchen"
Orenburg region
Orenburg region
s.Chernorechye
1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………………… 3
2. Main part ……………………………………………………… 4
2.1 Culinary and Chemistry………………………………………………………. 4
1.Chemistry and substances …………………………………………………………. 4
2. Chemical reagents in the kitchen …………………………………………. 5
2.2. Experiments in the kitchen…………………………………………………………. 6
1.Experiment with vinegar and soda……………………………………………………… 6
2. Experience with milk and paints………………………………………………….. 6
3. experience with milk writing and heating…………………………………… 6
4.Experiment with sunflower oil…………………………………………….6-7
5.Plastic from milk………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3.Conclusion…………………………………………………………………. 8
4. References………………………………………………………. 9
5. Application ……………………………………………………………….10-12
1. Introduction
I really like to help and watch my mother when she cooks in the kitchen. One day, when my mother was preparing breakfast, I saw her adding something sizzling and bubbling to the pancake batter. At that moment, my mother looked like a sorceress. I asked: “What is it and why are you putting it in the dough?” Mom smiled and said that the kitchen is a small chemical laboratory.
What is "chemistry" I read in the encyclopedia. In the photographs I saw different test tubes, jars. But what is the connection between delicious pancakes and chemicals and transformations. This is what I decided to find out, and my mother gladly agreed to help me with this. When my mother and I thought about the products in the kitchen, it turned out that the kitchen is nothing but a chemical laboratory. And the products themselves are chemicals.
This is how the project was born "Chemistry in the Kitchen".
object of our study were the products and substances that mom uses for cooking.
Subject is
We have placed before us target
To achieve our goal, we decided to go through the solution hello:
1. Learn what chemistry and chemicals are.
Hypothesis: 1. I assumed that the kitchen is a chemical laboratory.
2. I admitted that it is possible with the help of experiments to prove that entertaining chemical experiments take place in our kitchen every day.
2.Main part 2.1.Cookery and chemistry
1 Chemistry and substances
Chemistry - one of the sciences about nature, about the changes taking place in it. The subject of study of chemistry are substances, their properties, transformations and processes that accompany these transformations.
Around us a huge amount of useful and harmful substances! For example, in nature there are natural substances, that is, those that were created without human intervention. These are water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, stone, wood and others.
Although I am not studying chemistry at school yet, I already know such a common element in nature as water. This substance surprisingly can have three states - liquid, solid, gaseous.
It was in the kitchen that I traced all her states.
If you boil water, it turns into hot steam - gas.
If you freeze water in freezer the water turns into ice. In this case, ice occupies a larger volume than water. Therefore, in order not to burst the bottle in the freezer, mom does not fill the water to the end, leaving extra space in the bottle. To deal with countless useful and harmful substances, to find out their structure, properties, role in nature is one of the tasks of chemistry. All people need it - a builder, a farmer, a doctor, a housewife and a cook.
Chemistry has existed since ancient times, but it became a real science quite recently - no more than 200 years ago. The theoretical foundations of chemistry were laid by the ancient Greek scientists Anaxagoras and Democritus. The creators of the modern system of ideas about the structure of matter are: the great Russian scientist M.V. Lomonosov, French chemist A. Lavoisier, English physicist and chemist J. Dalton, Italian physicist A. Avogadro.
2 Chemical reagents in the kitchen
Since I learned that chemistry is the science of matter, it would be reasonable to assume that there are many different substances in the kitchen. And when cooking various dishes, chemical reactions certainly occur.
I wonder how the kitchen resembles a science laboratory?
Let's open the kitchen cabinet. Vinegar, baking soda, vegetable oil, sugar, flour, salt, milk, starch.
Nothing chemical, you say, is not here. Ordinary food items.
But it was not there! These are the real chemicals that bring tasty, nutritious and healthy dishes to our table. These substances even have chemical names.
vinegar - acetic acid;
sugar - sucrose;
starch is a polysaccharide
milk-lactose;
Solid chemistry!
It's time to conduct a series of chemical experiments in the kitchen.
I intend to conduct all experiments with the help of my mother.
2.2. Experiences in the kitchen
1 Experience with vinegar and soda "Volcano"
Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3.
Vinegar is a colorless liquid with a sharp-sour taste and aroma. It contains acetic acid.
When they are mixed, a chemical reaction occurs - carbon dioxide and water are released. This can be seen from experience - the mixture bubbles and begins to increase in volume. Therefore, the so-called volcano lava is obtained.
Application
1. This property of vinegar and soda is used in the kitchen very often when making pastries - pies, buns and other dough dishes. This reaction is called "quenching the soda". When carbon dioxide is released, it saturates the dough, and baking becomes airy and porous.
The most important thing when using soda is to bake the dough immediately, since the chemical reaction passes very quickly. You can extinguish soda fermented milk products(for example, kefir) - if they are part of the dough, then it is not necessary to add vinegar.
Milk is a liquid that contains various substances, including fat. The detergent attacks the fat in the milk and a chemical reaction takes place between the fat and detergent BIOLAN.
A chemical reaction is a process of mixing different substances, as a result of which new substances are formed, while they become of a different color, either gas is released, or energy is released.
In our case, the energy that moves the colors has been released. ( For a description of the experience, see the appendix)
Milk contains water and other substances such as the protein casein. When we ironed a sheet of paper with an iron, we heated the milk to a temperature of +100 °C. After that, the water evaporated, and the casein protein fried and turned brown. For a description of the experience, see the appendix
4 Experience with sunflower oil
Sunflower oil is the oil made from sunflower seeds. It is often used in the kitchen for frying, salad dressing, baking.
It has interesting properties.
First we did an experiment with a balloon.
This experiment showed that the oil spread around the edges of the hole in the balloon and did not let air out, so the balloon did not deflate.
Little secret- it was possible to pierce the ball only in places where it was not under strong tension, that is, where it was softer (at the very top and next to the knot). The rubber stretched, and then tightened and with the help of oil, the air no longer passed. The skewer was gently pushed and twisted, and it easily entered between the rubber molecules, which are connected in long chains. This experience showed more physical properties of oil and rubber.
It does not sink in water and does not mix with it. For a description of the experience, see the appendix
5 Experience in obtaining plastic from milk
Plastic is made up of long molecules, which makes it flexible. Milk contains the protein casein, its long molecules are suitable for the production of plastic. For a description of the experience, see the appendix
4. Conclusion
Having studied the literature, having done experiments, we were convinced that many processes occurring in our kitchen are chemical phenomena.
So my hypothesis was confirmed - the kitchen is a chemical laboratory.
5 Literature
1. Transfer "NEOKuhnya" on the channel "Carousel", directed by Alexander Dashko.
2.www.alhimik.ru/teleclass/azbuka/1gl.shtml - electronic version of the chemical alphabet from the newspaper "Chemistry" of the publishing house "First of September".
3.N.M. Zubkov "Scientific answers to children's "why". Experiments and experiments for children from 5 to 9 years old". Publishing house Speech 2013.
4. Olgin O. Let's do some chemistry!: Entertaining experiments in chemistry / Il. E. Andreeva. – M.: Det. Lit., 2002. - 175 p.: ill. - (Know and be able!).
Application
1. Experience with vinegar and soda "Volcano".
Our actions:
1. They cut off the neck of a plastic bottle - this is the basis of the volcano.
2. Plasticine was stuck on the bottom of the neck and placed on a large plate.
3. Poured inside the bottle 2 tbsp. l of soda and added red paint for the beauty of the volcano.
4. While the volcano is sleeping (Figure 1).
5. Pour water mixed with vinegar in a ratio of 4:1 (4 parts of water and 1 part of vinegar) into the neck of the bottle.
6. A chemical reaction has begun between baking soda and vinegar. The volcano began to erupt with red lava (Figure 2).
| Picture 1 | Figure 2 |
Our actions:
3. We took a cotton swab and soaked it in dishwashing detergent.
4. We lowered this cotton swab into a container with milk and paints (Figure 3).
5. As a result, the paints “ran away” from the cotton swab to the sides. While holding the stick in milk, the colors constantly blur from it in different directions, very beautiful swirls and patterns are obtained (Figure 4)
|
Figure 3 |
Figure 4 |
Our actions:
1. Pour milk into a container.
2. They took a sheet of paper and a brush.
3. Wetted the brush in milk and began to write on paper with “milk ink” (Figure 4)
4. It turned out invisible inscriptions on paper.
5. Let the milk dry for 10 minutes.
6. Ironed a sheet of paper with milk records. (picture 5)
7. As a result, the phrase appeared Brown. In our case - "Chemistry in the kitchen"(Figure 6).
|
Figure 4 |
Figure 5 Figure 6 |
Our actions:
1. Inflate a balloon.
2. We took a long narrow wooden stick (skewer) and soaked it completely in sunflower oil (Figure 10).
3. Slowly pierced the ball through with this stick. The balloon didn't pop! (picture 11)
|
Figure 10 |
Figure 11 |
1 experience.
Our actions:
1. Pour oil into a transparent glass.
2. Using a syringe, water, tinted with green gouache, was dropped into the oil.
3. There were droplets of green water in the oil, which did not mix with the oil, but simply floated in the glass (Figure 14).
4. A fizzy tablet was dipped into the oil and the reaction of carbon dioxide evolution began, the bubbles of which began to move the "balls" of green water and lift them up (Figure 15).
It was one of the most beautiful experiences of the project!
|
Figure 14 |
Figure 15 |
5. Experience in obtaining plastic from milk.
For the experiment, we need: milk, vinegar, a small saucepan, a mold.
Our actions:
1. We heat the milk in a saucepan so that it is warm, but does not boil or foam (Figure 16).
2. Remove from the stove and add a few drops of vinegar (Fig. 17).
3. The resulting mass is similar to liquid rubber(Fig. 18).
4. Gently wash this mass under running water (Fig. 19).
5. Pour it into molds. (Fig. 20) We are waiting for three days.
6. Plastic is ready (fig. 21).
Figure 16 Figure 17
R 
Figure 18 Figure 19
Figure 20 Figure 21
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Orenburg region
Orenburg region
Municipal budgetary educational institution
"Chernorechensk secondary school named after the Cavalier of the Order of the Red Star Gonyshev A.I."
s.Chernorechye
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"protection"
Hello! I, Daria Plotnikova, a 3rd grade student of the "Alexander Ivanovich Gonyshev School"
| Allow me to introduce mine research work"Chemistry in the Kitchen" |
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| I really like to help and watch my mother when she cooks in the kitchen. One day, when my mother was preparing breakfast, I saw her adding something sizzling and bubbling to the pancake batter. At that moment, my mother looked like a sorceress. I asked: “What is it and why are you putting it in the dough?” Mom smiled and said that the kitchen is a small chemical laboratory. This is what I decided to find out, and my mother gladly agreed to help me with this. When my mother and I thought about all the products in the kitchen, it turned out that the kitchen is nothing but a chemical laboratory. And the products themselves are chemicals with their own properties and characteristics. Thus the project was born topic"Chemistry in the Kitchen" . |
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| object studies have become the products and substances that mom uses to cook. |
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| The subject is the study of phenomena occurring with substances and products in the kitchen. |
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| Purpose of the study : to find out how our kitchen is like a chemical laboratory. |
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| To reach the goal intended to solve the following adachi: Learn about chemistry and chemicals. Conduct chemical experiments with food. Prove that the kitchen is a whole chemical laboratory |
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| Hypothesis: 1. We assumed that the kitchen is a chemical laboratory, that with the help of experiments it can be proved that entertaining chemical experiments take place in our kitchen every day. Let's try to prove it. |
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| Around us a huge amount of useful and harmful substances! For example, in nature there are natural substances that were created without human intervention. These are water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, stone and others. There are substances created by man. They are called artificial substances. These are plastic, rubber, glass and others. Any substance is either in its pure form or consists of a mixture of pure substances. As a result of chemical reactions, substances can be transformed into a new substance. I am not studying chemistry yet, but I can already say that water comes in three states. It was in the kitchen that I traced it. If you boil water, it turns into hot steam - gas. If you freeze water in the freezer, the water turns into ice. To deal with useful and harmful substances, to find out their structure, properties, role in nature is one of the tasks of chemistry. Since I learned that chemistry is the science of matter, it would be reasonable to assume that there are many different substances in the kitchen. And when cooking various dishes, chemical reactions certainly occur. I wonder how the kitchen resembles a science laboratory? |
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| Let's open the kitchen cabinet. Vinegar, baking soda, vegetable oil, sugar, flour, salt, milk, starch. Nothing chemical, you say, not here. Ordinary food items. But it was not there! These are the real chemicals that bring tasty, nutritious and healthy dishes to our table. These substances even have chemical names. For example: salt is sodium chloride; baking soda - sodium bicarbonate; vinegar - acetic acid; sugar - sucrose; starch is a polysaccharide milk-lactose. Solid chemistry! |
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| It's time to do a series of chemical experiments in the kitchen. My mother helped me with the experiments. |
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| Experience with vinegar and soda "Volcano". Poured inside the bottle 2 tbsp. l of soda and added red paint for the beauty of the volcano. Then they poured water mixed with vinegar in a ratio of 4: 1 (4 parts of water and 1 part of vinegar) from above into the neck of the bottle. A chemical reaction began between baking soda and vinegar. The volcano began to erupt with red lava |
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| . Pour milk into a container. Add three types of colors - red, Blue colour, green color. It turned out beautiful patterns in milk. Take a cotton swab and soak it in dishwashing detergent. We lower this cotton swab into a container with milk and paints. As a result, the paints "ran away" from the cotton swab to the sides. While we hold the stick in milk, the colors constantly blur from it in different directions, very beautiful patterns are obtained. |
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| Pour milk into a container. Take a sheet of paper and a brush. Wet the brush in milk and write on paper with "milk ink". There were invisible inscriptions on paper. Let the milk dry for 10 minutes and iron a sheet of paper with milk records with an iron. The result is a brown phrase. In our case - "CHEMISTRY IN THE KITCHEN" |
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| Experience with sunflower oil. We inflate a balloon and take a long narrow wooden stick (skewer), and moisten it completely in sunflower oil. Slowly pierce the ball through with this stick. The balloon didn't pop! |
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| Pour oil into a transparent glass and use a syringe to drop water tinted with green gouache into the oil. There were droplets of green water in the oil, which do not mix with the oil, but simply float in the glass. We lower a pop tablet into the oil, the reaction of carbon dioxide evolution began, the bubbles of which began to move the "balls" of green water and lift them up. It was one of the most beautiful experiences of the project! |
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| Experience in obtaining plastic from milk. For the next experiment, we need: milk, vinegar, a small saucepan, a mold. We heat the milk in a saucepan so that it is warm, but does not boil or foam. Remove from heat and add a few drops of vinegar. The resulting mass is similar to liquid rubber. We carefully rinse this mass under running water. Pour it into molds. We are waiting for three days. The plastic is ready. |
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| After studying the literature, doing experiments, we were convinced that many processes occurring in our kitchen are chemical phenomena. |
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| So my hypothesis confirmed - the kitchen is a chemical laboratory .. To master all the intricacies of the art of cooking, you need to know a lot. A real culinary specialist must be a person educated in the field of chemistry, biology, biochemistry, nutritional physiology. In the process of this project, we managed to complete the tasks. We learned what chemistry and chemicals are, conducted chemical experiments with different products. Thus, we proved that the kitchen is a whole chemical laboratory. |
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| Thank you for your attention! |
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Plotnikova Daria. presentation of the work"
Performed:
3rd grade student
MBOU "School named after Gonyshev A.I."
Plotnikova Daria,
Work manager:
Gonysheva Svetlana Vladimirovna
primary school teacher
An object:
foods and substances that mother uses for cooking.
Item:
the study of phenomena occurring with substances and products in the kitchen.
Target: find out how our kitchen is like a chemistry lab.
Tasks:
1. Learn what chemistry and chemicals are.
2. Conduct chemical experiments with edible products.
3. Prove that the kitchen is a whole chemical laboratory.
http://www.o-children.ru
Hypothesis:
salt-
sodium chloride;
vinegar-
acetic acid
baking soda - sodium bicarbonate
sugar-
sucrose
We have chemicals in the kitchen!
starch is a polysaccharide
milk - lactose
Experience with sunflower oil
Conclusion: having studied the literature, having done experiments,
we have seen that many of the processes
what happens in our kitchen are chemical phenomena.
Hypothesis:
Kitchen - chemical laboratory
Thank you for your attention!
Who loved at school laboratory works in chemistry? It is interesting, after all, it was to mix something with something and get a new substance. True, it didn’t always work out the way it was described in the textbook, but no one suffered about this, did they? The main thing is that something happens, and we saw it right in front of us.
If in real life if you are not a chemist and do not face much more complex experiments every day at work, then these experiments that can be carried out at home will definitely amuse you, at least.
lava lamp
For experience you need:
– Transparent bottle or vase
— Water
- Sunflower oil
- Food coloring
- Several effervescent tablets "Suprastin"
Mix water with food coloring, pour sunflower oil. You don't need to mix, and you won't be able to. When a clear line between water and oil is visible, we throw a couple of Suprastin tablets into the container. Watching lava flows.
Since the density of oil is lower than that of water, it remains on the surface, with an effervescent tablet creating bubbles that carry water to the surface.
Elephant Toothpaste
For experience you need:
- Bottle
- small cup
— Water
- Dish detergent or liquid soap
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Fast acting nutritional yeast
- Food coloring
Mix liquid soap, hydrogen peroxide and food coloring in a bottle. In a separate cup, dilute the yeast with water and pour the resulting mixture into a bottle. We look at the eruption.
Yeast releases oxygen, which reacts with hydrogen and is pushed out. Due to the soap suds, a dense mass erupts from the bottle.
Hot Ice
For experience you need:
- container for heating
- Clear glass cup
- Plate
- 200 g baking soda
- 200 ml of acetic acid or 150 ml of its concentrate
- crystallized salt
We mix acetic acid and soda in a saucepan, wait until the mixture stops sizzling. We turn on the stove and evaporate excess moisture until an oily film appears on the surface. The resulting solution is poured into a clean container and cooled to room temperature. Then add a crystal of soda and watch how the water “freezes” and the container becomes hot.
Heated and mixed vinegar and soda form sodium acetate, which, when melted, becomes an aqueous solution of sodium acetate. When salt is added to it, it begins to crystallize and release heat.
rainbow in milk
For experience you need:
- Milk
- Plate
- Liquid food coloring in several colors
- cotton swab
— Detergent
Pour milk into a plate, drip dyes in several places. Wet a cotton swab in detergent, dip it into a bowl of milk. Let's see the rainbow.
In the liquid part there is a suspension of droplets of fat, which, when in contact with the detergent, split and rush from the inserted stick in all directions. A regular circle is formed due to surface tension.
Smoke without fire
For experience you need:
– Hydroperite
— Analgin
- Mortar and pestle (can be replaced with a ceramic cup and spoon)
The experiment is best done in a well-ventilated area.
We grind hydroperite tablets to a powder, we do the same with analgin. We mix the resulting powders, wait a bit, see what happens.
During the reaction, hydrogen sulfide, water and oxygen are formed. This leads to partial hydrolysis with the elimination of methylamine, which interacts with hydrogen sulfide, a suspension of its small crystals which resembles smoke.
pharaoh snake
For experience you need:
- Calcium gluconate
- Dry fuel
- Matches or lighter
We put several tablets of calcium gluconate on dry fuel, set fire to it. Let's look at the snakes.
Calcium gluconate decomposes when heated, which leads to an increase in the volume of the mixture.
non-newtonian fluid
For experience you need:
- mixing bowl
- 200 g corn starch
- 400 ml of water
Gradually add water to the starch and stir. Try to make the mixture homogeneous. Now try to roll the ball out of the resulting mass and hold it.
The so-called non-Newtonian fluid during rapid interaction behaves as solid, and when slow - like a liquid.
For ice cream you will need: cocoa, sugar, milk, sour cream. You can add grated chocolate, waffle crumbs or small pieces of cookies to it. Mix two tablespoons of cocoa, one tablespoon of sugar, four tablespoons of milk and two tablespoons of sour cream in a bowl. Add cookie crumbs and chocolate. Ice cream is ready. Now it needs to be cooled down. Take a larger bowl, put ice in it, sprinkle it with salt, mix. Place a bowl of ice cream on top of ice and cover with a towel to keep heat out. Stir ice cream every 3-5 minutes. If you have enough patience, then after about 30 minutes the ice cream will thicken and you can try it. Tasty?
How does our homemade refrigerator? It is known that ice melts at a temperature of zero degrees. Salt also delays the cold, does not allow the ice to melt quickly. Therefore, salt ice keeps cold longer. Yes, the towel does not allow penetration warm air to ice cream. And the result? Ice cream is beyond praise!
Let's beat down the butter
If you live in the summer in the country, then you probably take natural milk from a thrush. Do experiments with milk with the children. cook liter jar. Fill it with milk and refrigerate for 2-3 days. Show the children how the milk has separated into lighter cream and heavy skimmed milk. Collect the cream in a jar with an airtight lid. And if you have patience and free time, then shake the jar for half an hour in turn with the children until the balls of fat merge together and form oil lumps. Believe me, children have never eaten such delicious butter.
Homemade lollipops
Cooking is a fun activity. Now let's make homemade lollipops. To do this, prepare a glass with warm water, in which to dissolve as much granulated sugar as it can dissolve. Then take a straw for a cocktail, tie a clean thread to it, fastening it to the end small piece pasta (best to use small ones) pasta). Now it remains to put the straw on top of the glass, across, and lower the end of the thread with pasta into the sugar solution. And be patient.
When the water from the glass begins to evaporate, the sugar molecules will begin to approach and sweet crystals will begin to settle on the thread and on the pasta, taking on bizarre shapes. Let your little one taste the lollipop. Tasty? The same lollipops will be much tastier if jam syrup is added to the sugar solution. Then you get lollipops with different tastes: cherry, blackcurrant and others that he wants.
"Roasted" sugar
Take two pieces of refined sugar. Moisten them with a few drops of water to make it moist, put in a spoon of of stainless steel and heat it for several minutes over gas until the sugar melts and turns yellow. Don't let it burn. As soon as the sugar turns into a yellowish liquid, pour the contents of the spoon onto the saucer in small drops. Taste your candies with your children. Liked? Then open a candy factory!
Changing the color of cabbage
Together with your child, prepare a salad of finely chopped red cabbage, grated with salt, and pour it with vinegar and sugar. Watch the cabbage turn from purple to bright red. This is the effect of acetic acid. However, as the salad is stored, it may again turn purple or even turn blue. This happens because acetic acid is gradually diluted with cabbage juice, its concentration decreases and the color of the red cabbage dye changes. These are the transformations.
Why are unripe apples sour?
Unripe apples are high in starch and contain no sugar. Starch is an unsweetened substance. Let the child lick the starch, and he will be convinced of this. How do you know if a product contains starch? Make a weak solution of iodine. Drop them into a handful of flour, starch, on a piece raw potatoes, on a slice of an unripe apple. The blue color that appears proves that all these products contain starch. Repeat the experiment with the apple when it is fully ripe. And you will probably be surprised that you will no longer find starch in an apple. But now it has sugar in it. So, fruit ripening is a chemical process of converting starch into sugar.
edible glue
Your child needed glue for crafts, but the jar of glue was empty? Don't rush to the store to buy. Weld it yourself. What is familiar to you is unusual to a child.
Cook him a small portion of thick jelly, showing him each of the steps of the process. For those who do not know: in boiling juice (or in water with jam), you need to pour, mixing thoroughly, a solution of starch diluted in a small amount cold water and bring to a boil. I think the child will be surprised that this glue-jelly can be eaten with a spoon, or you can glue crafts with it.
Homemade sparkling water
Remind your child that he is breathing air. Air is made up of different gases, but many are invisible and odorless, making them hard to spot. Carbon dioxide is one of the gases that make up the air and ... carbonated water. But it can be isolated at home.
Take two straws for a cocktail, but different diameter, so that the narrow one by a few millimeters fits snugly into the wider one. It turned out a long straw, made up of two. Make a vertical hole in the cork of a plastic bottle with a sharp object and insert either end of the straw there. If there are no straws of different diameters, then you can make a small vertical incision in one and stick it into another straw. The main thing is to get a tight connection.
Pour water diluted with any jam into a glass, and pour half a tablespoon of soda into a bottle through a funnel. Then pour vinegar into the bottle - about one hundred milliliters. Now you need to act very quickly: stick the cork with a straw into the bottle, and dip the other end of the straw into a glass of sweet water. What's going on in the glass? Explain to your child that vinegar and drinking soda actively began to interact with each other, releasing carbon dioxide bubbles. It rises up and passes through a straw into a glass with a drink, where bubbles come to the surface of the water. Here is sparkling water and ready.
Drown and eat
Wash two oranges well. Put one of them in a bowl of water. He will swim. And even if you try hard, you won't be able to drown him. Peel the second orange and put it in the water. Well? Do you believe your eyes? The orange has sunk. How so? Two identical oranges, but one drowned and the other floated? Explain to the child: “There are many air bubbles in the orange peel. They push the orange to the surface of the water. Without the peel, the orange sinks because it is heavier than the water it displaces.”
About the benefits of milk
Oddly enough, the best way to learn why you need to drink milk is to do an experiment with bones. Take the eaten chicken bones, wash them properly, let them dry. Then pour vinegar in a bowl so that it covers the bones completely, close the lid and leave for a week. After seven days, drain the vinegar, carefully examine and touch the bones. They have become flexible. Why? It turns out that calcium gives strength to bones. Calcium dissolves in acetic acid, and the bones lose their hardness.
You want to ask: "What does milk have to do with it?" Milk is known to be rich in calcium. Milk is useful because it replenishes our body with calcium, which means it makes our bones hard and strong.
How to get drinking water from salt water?
Pour water with your child into a deep basin, add two tablespoons of salt there, stir until the salt dissolves. To the bottom of the empty plastic cup put washed pebbles so that it does not float, but its edges should be above the water level in the basin. Stretch the film from above, tying it around the pelvis. Squeeze the film in the center over the glass and put another pebble in the recess. Place your basin in the sun. After a few hours, unsalted, clean drinking water will accumulate in the glass. This is explained simply: the water begins to evaporate in the sun, the condensate settles on the film and flows into an empty glass. Salt does not evaporate and remains in the pelvis. Now that you know how to get fresh water, you can safely go to the sea and not be afraid of thirst. There is a lot of water in the sea, and you can always get the purest drinking water from it.
live yeast
A well-known Russian proverb says: "The hut is red not with corners, but with pies." We don't bake pies, though. Although, why not? Moreover, we always have yeast in our kitchen. But first we will show the experience, and then we can take on the pies. Tell the children that yeast is made up of tiny living organisms called microbes (meaning that microbes can be good as well as bad). When they feed, they emit carbon dioxide, which, mixed with flour, sugar and water, “raises” the dough, making it lush and tasty.
Dry yeast is like little lifeless balls. But this is only until the millions of tiny microbes that dormant in a cold and dry form come to life. Let's revive them. Pour two tablespoons into the pitcher warm water, add two teaspoons of yeast to it, then one teaspoon of sugar and mix. Pour the yeast mixture into the bottle, pulling a balloon over its neck. Place the bottle in a bowl of warm water. Ask the guys what will happen? That's right, when the yeast comes to life and starts eating sugar, the mixture will fill with bubbles of carbon dioxide already familiar to children, which they begin to release. The bubbles burst and the gas inflates the balloon.
Is the coat warm?
This experience should be very popular with children. Buy two cups of paper-wrapped ice cream. Unfold one of them and put on a saucer. And wrap the second one right in the wrapper in a clean towel and wrap it well with a fur coat. After 30 minutes, unwrap the wrapped ice cream and place it unwrapped on a saucer. Expand and the second ice cream. Compare both portions. Surprised? What about your children?
It turns out that ice cream under a fur coat, in contrast to what is on a silver platter, almost did not melt. So what? Maybe a fur coat is not a fur coat at all, but a refrigerator? Why, then, do we wear it in winter, if it does not warm, but cools? Everything is explained simply. The fur coat stopped letting the room heat in to the ice cream. And from this, the ice cream in a fur coat became cold, so the ice cream did not melt.
Now the question is also natural: "Why does a person put on a fur coat in the cold?" Answer: To keep warm. When a person puts on a fur coat at home, he is warm, but the fur coat does not let heat out into the street, so the person does not freeze.
Ask the child if he knows that there are "fur coats" made of glass? This is a thermos. It has double walls, and between them is a void. Heat does not pass through the void. Therefore, when we pour hot tea into a thermos, it stays hot for a long time. And if you pour cold water into it, what will happen to it? The child can now answer this question himself. If he still finds it difficult to answer, let him do one more experiment: pour cold water into a thermos and check it in 30 minutes.
Thrust funnel
Can a funnel "refuse" to let water into a bottle? Let's check! We will need: 2 funnels, two identical clean dry plastic bottles 1 liter each, plasticine, a jug of water.
Preparation:
- Insert a funnel into each bottle.
- Cover the neck of one of the bottles around the funnel with plasticine so that there is no gap left.
Let's start the science magic!
Announce to the audience: "I have a magic funnel that keeps water out of the bottle."
Take a bottle without plasticine and pour some water into it through a funnel. Explain to the audience, "This is how most funnels behave."
Put a bottle of plasticine on the table. Fill the funnel with water up to the top. See what will happen.
Result. A little water will flow from the funnel into the bottle, and then it will stop flowing altogether.
Explanation:
Water flows freely into the first bottle. Water flowing through the funnel into the bottle replaces the air in it, which escapes through the gaps between the neck and the funnel. In a bottle sealed with plasticine, there is also air, which has its own pressure. The water in the funnel also has pressure, which is due to the force of gravity pulling the water down. However, the force of air pressure in the bottle exceeds the force of gravity acting on the water. Therefore, water cannot enter the bottle.
If there is at least a small hole in the bottle or plasticine, air can escape through it. Because of this, its pressure inside the bottle will drop, and water will be able to flow into it.
dancing flakes
Some cereals are capable of making a lot of noise. Now we will find out if it is possible to teach rice flakes to jump and dance.
We will need:
- paper towel
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) crispy rice flakes
- balloon
- wool sweater
Preparation.
- Sprinkle cereal on a towel.
Let's start the science magic!
- Address the audience like this: "All of you, of course, know how rice flakes can crackle, crunch and rustle. And now I'll show you how they can jump and dance."
- Inflate the balloon and tie it up.
- Rub the ball on the wool sweater.
- Bring the ball to the cereal and see what happens.
Result. The flakes will bounce and be attracted to the ball.
Explanation. Static electricity helps you in this experiment. Electricity is called static when there is no current, that is, the movement of charge. It is formed due to the friction of objects, in this case balls and sweaters. All objects are made up of atoms, and each atom contains an equal number of protons and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, while electrons have a negative charge. When these charges are equal, the object is called neutral or uncharged. But there are objects, such as hair or wool, that lose their electrons very easily. If you rub the ball on a woolen thing, some of the electrons will pass from the wool to the ball, and it will acquire a negative static charge.
When you bring a negatively charged ball close to the flakes, the electrons in them begin to repel from it and move to opposite side. Thus, the top side of the flakes facing the ball becomes positively charged, and the ball attracts them to itself.
If you wait longer, the electrons will begin to move from the ball to the flakes. Gradually, the ball will become neutral again, and will no longer attract flakes. They will fall back onto the table.
Sorting
Do you think it is possible to separate the mixed pepper and salt? If you master this experiment, then you will definitely cope with this difficult task!
We will need:
- paper towel
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) salt
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) ground pepper
- spoon
- wool sweater
- assistant
Preparation:
- Spread a paper towel on the table.
- Sprinkle salt and pepper on it.
Let's start the science magic!
- Invite someone from the audience to become your assistant.
- Mix salt and pepper thoroughly with a spoon. Have a helper try to separate the salt from the pepper.
- When your assistant is desperate to share them, invite him now to sit and watch.
- Inflate the balloon, tie it off and rub it against the wool sweater.
- Bring the ball closer to the salt and pepper mixture. What will you see?
Result. Pepper will stick to the ball, and salt will remain on the table.
Explanation. This is another example of the effect of static electricity. When you rub the ball with a woolen cloth, it acquires a negative charge. If you bring the ball to a mixture of pepper and salt, the pepper will begin to be attracted to it. This is because the electrons in the pepper grains tend to move as far away from the ball as possible. Therefore, the part of peppercorns closest to the ball acquires positive charge, and is attracted by the negative charge of the ball. The pepper sticks to the ball.
Salt is not attracted to the ball, since electrons move poorly in this substance. When you bring a charged ball to salt, its electrons still remain in their places. Salt from the side of the ball does not acquire a charge - it remains uncharged or neutral. Therefore, salt does not stick to a negatively charged ball.
flexible water
In previous experiments, you used static electricity to teach cereal to dance and separate pepper from salt. From this experience you will learn how static electricity affects ordinary water.
We will need:
- faucet and sink
- wool sweater
Preparation:
To conduct the experiment, choose a place where you will have access to running water. The kitchen is perfect.
Let's start the science magic!
- Announce to the audience: "Now you will see how my magic will control the water."
- Open the faucet so that the water flows in a thin stream.
- Say the magic words, calling the water jet to move. Nothing will change; then apologize and explain to the audience that you will have to use the help of your magic balloon and magic sweater.
- Inflate the balloon and tie it up. Rub the ball on the sweater.
- Again, say the magic words, and then bring the ball to a trickle of water. What will happen?
Result. The jet of water will deflect towards the ball.
Explanation. The electrons from the sweater during friction pass to the ball and give it a negative charge. This charge repels the electrons that are in the water, and they move to the part of the jet that is farthest from the ball. Closer to the ball, a positive charge arises in the water stream, and the negatively charged ball pulls it towards itself.
For the jet movement to be visible, it must be small. The static electricity that accumulates on the ball is relatively small, and it cannot move a large amount of water. If a trickle of water touches the balloon, it will lose its charge. The extra electrons will go into the water; both the balloon and the water will become electrically neutral, so the trickle will flow smoothly again.
Source:
- Jim Wise "Entertaining chemistry, physics, biology";
- N.M. Zubkov "Scientific answers to children's "why". Experiments and experiments for children from 5 to 9 years old".
Discussion
Very entertaining) Did only salty dough instead of plasticine. It molds well. You just need to store it properly so that it does not dry out.
We lived in the city of Krasnovishersk, where employees of a local enterprise were given coupons for milk. There was a lot of milk and some of it was sour. My daughter and I made cottage cheese ourselves and we called it "Cottage cheese from the village"
Great collection of experiences! Thank you
27.12.2009 10:41:06, Aida GorbunovaComment on the article "Entertaining experiments in the kitchen"
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Friends, the long-awaited spring break has begun in LabyrinthUme. You can put aside textbooks and notebooks for a whole week and have fun at the Museum entertaining science"Labyrinthum". Our scientific menu includes new show programs, unprecedented exhibits and a variety of free master classes. You will see the new science show “A pear is hanging, you can’t eat it” and your favorite programs “Eureka! Archimedes", "Mathematical Show, or Gymnastics for the Mind", "Scientific Holidays", "Miracles in the Kitchen" and much more...
Tomorrow, March 17 at 19.00 there will be a presentation of the new book "Kitchen - the heart of the house" and live communication with Yulia Vysotskaya. The kitchen is the main place in the house, the whole family gathers at the table here, culinary miracles are created and traditions are preserved. How to create a kitchen where it will be convenient to cook without interrupting communication with friends, where you can navigate with your eyes closed and quickly find what you need? Useful tips and personal experience creation perfect cuisine Julia Vysotskaya shared in her new book...
I lie, the technology is now called. I remember the last frill was when the whole family blew out the contents of the eggs and made two holes in it. Everything you can, including a drill :) Today we have a correction of "2" honestly earned in the lesson, from doing nothing. We make a lampshade for a lamp with a bottle of Aktimel. (I’m very interested in how much was paid by the producers of actimels and the Ministry of Education with them in order to push this task into the textbook. For example, we don’t buy it at all. But ...
The Museum of entertaining science "Labyrintum" invites children from 4 years old to fun interactive classes in school subjects. On the show, the guys learn about what they already know how to do, but do not yet know how and why. How do they breathe and touch? What is more important - eyes, ears or hands? Do they have an “extra finger”, a vacuum cleaner or a heater in their body? Participants are waiting for entertaining experiences, puzzles for the development of the mind and inspiring discoveries! Do you want to know more about yourself? Come and be surprised! The program takes place in...
The Museum of Entertaining Science "LabyrinthUm" invites children from 4 years old to the fascinating show program "Miracles in the Kitchen". To try on a scientist's white coat and conduct experiments on your own, it is not necessary to have your own laboratory. Many simple experiments that perfectly illustrate the laws of physics can be done in your own kitchen with the whole family! A cork balancing on the edge of a bottle, a barbecue made of balloons, a rocket made of tea bag- the scientific fantasy of professors ...
We invite inquisitive children of 4-7 years old to the children's circle "I am a Researcher". We will answer millions of questions: what?, why?, when?, why?, how much?. Let's do fun experiments. Learn about galaxies, stars and planets. Learn how to use a compass and a telescope.
Learn about the properties of water, conduct exciting chemical experiments, experiment with soap solutions and even create their own unique fragrance - guys can learn all this and much more at master classes children's center scientific discoveries"InnoPark" 15 and 16 August. Program for August 15: 12.00 – 13.00. Master class "Magic of water" (for children from 5 to 8 years old) At the master class, with the help of experiments and observations, young researchers will find out what properties one of the ...
Attention, little "why"! Now in the museum of entertaining science LabyrinthUm you can get answers to all the questions about the world around you that worried you so much. Why is the water wet? What is a rainbow made of and why is the sky blue? Where does wind come from and how do bubbles get into soda? These and other very important children's questions will be answered by smart adults on the program "Help Desk "Why"". Entertaining experiments and experiments will help to "see" the sound, catch the "lightning", and most importantly...
On September 1, schoolchildren of St. Petersburg are expected at solemn rulers and knowledge lessons. From the first school bell for thousands of children, a new academic year will begin - the study of sciences and disciplines, classes and breaks, homework and control, quarter marks and fun holidays. Not only schools are preparing for the academic year, but also all kinds of cultural institutions, children's projects of extra-curricular education and leisure. New programs for schoolchildren will also be presented by the museums of St. Petersburg, working in the format...
If anyone has been through this situation before and achieved what they wanted, please share your experience! Maybe on a lift. We advise you to read: entertaining experiments in physics at home.
I will share my experience, maybe it will help someone. We needed to buy a kitchen on a budget, up to 100 thousand rubles. We went to several salons, it is very convenient to do this on New Year's non-working days - all salons are open. Everywhere we drew a kitchen and calculated its cost. Be sure to come with your drawing of the room - measurements of walls, ledges, distances to all sockets from all sides, height household appliances, if it already exists, placement air vent and other constructive...
I accidentally stumbled upon an article, some of the theses seemed very useful :) I share: "The article that you are offered is unique. I say this in all seriousness, as a person who has many times been involved in the repair of apartments, offices, country houses and other real estate. This is a guide to the mistakes and lessons we learn from repairs. It does not matter - independently or with the help of specialists. I remember one of Murphy's laws says: "Usually, only after work we understand what it was necessary to start with ...
Scientific and entertainment center Eureka-Park advises! [link-1] If you are bored at home with children, then simple and entertaining experiments in physics will help dispel boredom! For example, this: Silver-plated egg. If a shiny silver or nickel-plated spoon is smoked black over a candle flame, and then this spoon is immersed in a glass of water, the spoon will suddenly sparkle with silver, reflecting the candle flame like a mirror. We pull it out of the water, thinking that soot just fell off it. No, the spoon is still...
Dear mothers, fathers and our beloved teachers! We invite you to our New Year Show programs from 12/17/12 to 01/08/13! New Year's commotion or a holiday begins in the kitchen. Interactive program for children from 6 to 10 years old (junior school), program duration 1 hour. New Year's Eve commotion or holiday begins in the kitchen. When it started, no one knows.... But on New Year's Eve, the gnomes always help the housewives in the kitchen. One day they got into an unusual kitchen-laboratory and faced...
Witchcraft in the kitchen. Useful chemistry: tasks and stories 10. B. Stepin, L. Alikberova. Entertaining tasks and spectacular experiments in chemistry 11.E.Rakov.
