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Log house processing - the choice of protective compounds and the features of their use. Typical mistakes when building a house from logs

rounded log, construction material, has a lot of advantages, but it is not without some disadvantages. Knowing about them and understanding what wood processing needs to be done, you can ensure that the log house can stand safe and sound for several hundred years.

Factors against which the log must be protected

The natural origin of the log and the method of processing its surface formed the following disadvantages:

The chemical industry has already responded to all these challenges by developing special products for treating logs. By choosing the necessary moisture-proof, fire-retardant and bio-protective compounds and following the algorithm for processing a log house or each log, you can minimize all of the above risks.

Usage universal means, capable of protecting against several potential dangers at once, is not welcomed by professionals. Like everything universal, such compositions have minimal performance indicators in solving each highly specialized task.

Rules for processing walls made of rounded logs with protective compounds

Before the protective agents are applied to the surface of the logs, you need to wait complete removal from wood of natural moisture. A dried tree better perceives protective natural or chemicals, allowing you to achieve greater efficiency from their application.

If the house is recently assembled, then the surface of the walls does not need to be sanded before applying protective agents. If it is necessary to process the walls that have already stood for some time, then it will be necessary to remove the roughness on the surface of the logs and traces of mold, decay or pollution by grinding. Then the ends are treated with a vaporizing antiseptic and oil paint or slaked lime mixed with a solution of manganese.

Funds are applied to the rounded log in the following sequence:

1. Antiseptic.
2. Moisture protective composition.
3. Flame retardant.

This sequence was not chosen by chance. Mold and moisture can come from inside the wood, so you need the deepest possible impregnation by special means to create a barrier. Ignition most often starts from contact with outer part logs, so it is important to protect the surface here.

Other compositions that can be used to treat log walls

Doubts about decorating (and protecting) rounded logs with paint have many specialists in modern housing construction. Hiding the natural beauty of the wood texture under a polymer film would be unwise.

Therefore, for those who want to maintain the smoothness and flawlessness of the treated surface of the logs, varnishes or glazing compounds are intended. Varnish (especially if it is frost-resistant) can also be considered protection, because it is a barrier against ultraviolet radiation and pollution.

Sometimes, after treatment with an antiseptic, moisture protection and fire retardant, a preservative layer is also applied. It is designed to extend the effect of these protective measures for as long as possible.

A processed house will last for several centuries

If you want to live in a house that for a long time will keep appearance and functionality, then you should contact the builders who process the log properly. Digging Eco-Tech pays serious attention to the issue of treating walls with protective compounds.

When building a house from logs, all logs must undergo the necessary processing with protective compounds.

It is troublesome to handle logs yourself, besides skills, you need special brushes, spatulas and spray guns and knowledge of the algorithm for applying funds. It would be wiser to order the construction of a house with the obligatory processing of logs.

Not all owners wooden house they know that the processing of a log house from rounded logs has its own algorithm, which cannot be deviated from. First of all, it is necessary to prepare the wood for better impregnation and careful action of chemicals, since not all compounds act gently, and expensive building materials cannot be subjected to aggressive action. How to protect your home correctly without damaging the wood is described in this article.

Why impregnate the material

The question is natural for a person who is ignorant of wooden housing construction, because in the factory the lumber has already been processed. However, a one-time antibacterial attack cannot protect it to its full depth, even if the wooden building materials were soaked in baths with solutions. It's all about the structure of natural material.

The trunk is still practically living tree. It will lose the opportunity to update very soon: moisture is evaporated from the finished timber slowly and over long service life. Therefore, in order to keep the fresh look of the building as long as possible, it will have to be treated regularly. What does it give:

Of course, it is desirable to entrust the care of your own structure to professionals, but their services are quite expensive. Self-processing of a log house is quite simple and understandable even to the ignorant in this matter.

Stages of work

The industry has created a plethora of chemicals that can be used both outside and inside the home. Synthetic compounds actively resist the main problems, in addition, they can be used against fire - the main enemy of the tree.

You should not use "three in one" products: they do not give the desired effect, since when the components are mixed, a substance is obtained that weakens the active actions of the components or is even useless in the form of an antiseptic.

Deciding how to process rounded logs is now quite difficult: the products are diverse both in price and quality. It is important to remember that the inner surfaces must not be coated with volatile chemicals. When warmth comes to the house, they will soar throughout the space, settling in the lungs of the household. They are hazardous to health, and it is impossible to use products that are not labeled with the appropriate inscription.

The correct lumber processing process has the following steps:

1. Preparation of all surfaces. If the work is carried out at a new facility, then grinding and painting the log house from the cylindering inside and out is not required. It is enough just to impregnate with antibacterial compounds and apply glazing masses. They will not hide the pattern of wood, but at the same time they will not let moisture in.

After a few years, natural precipitation and phenomena can make a beautiful surface rough. Then before applying any composition will have to work hard grinder: after which paints and chemical impregnations will lay down evenly. Before cleaning the wood, all protruding parts of the log house - window sills, ebbs, doors, shutters - are removed. Using a vacuum cleaner, you can easily remove the smallest dust from grinding.

2. You need to get a tool. How to process a house made of logs? These are hard brushes, spray gun, all kinds of sprayers. It is also necessary to prepare protective clothing.
3. The application of the compositions should take place in the following order: antiseptic, protection against moisture penetration, fire retardant. Why exactly?
4. Firstly, the processes that contribute to the appearance of mold can begin in the wood itself, if there were prerequisites for this before buying a log house or building materials. All units of building materials should be scrupulously reviewed for defects.
5. Secondly, to prevent the accumulation of moisture, a barrier is applied immediately after the antiseptic. This will allow moisture inside to evaporate through the ends and not accumulate. Thirdly, ignition most often occurs due to the human factor, so this layer will be the last, and an accidental cigarette butt or spark from a fuel unit cannot cause harm.

Be sure to abundantly impregnate the caulking gaps, after removing old stuff. If the caulk was made recently, then it is impregnated carefully so that in the future there will be no question: what is the best way to insulate log cabins from logs - high-quality seams can save the owner from this process.

Particular attention should be paid to the end part of the log cabins, they cannot be covered with a film composition, since wood is supposed to breathe. Best for processing here slaked lime mixed with a weak solution of manganese. In this case, the capillaries of the trunk will not be clogged.

All compositions must be given a period for complete absorption and drying. Only then can you proceed to the next layer of chemistry.

6. Decoration. Is it necessary to treat a rounded log with an antiseptic or paint? The answer to the first part of the question is, of course, unambiguous - necessarily. As for paint, there is no point in hiding the natural beauty of wood.

However, without proper polymer film there is a risk of losing the smoothness of the surface of the logs. Therefore, varnish or glazing compounds are used. They emphasize the pattern of the wood and make the surface impervious to damage. Important condition: such compositions must be labeled as frost-resistant, otherwise the polymer will crack in the cold, and there will be no protection, however, as well as beauty.

Before applying the color composition, the building object is processed especially carefully: cracks are polished, into which a paste of chips with carpentry glue is applied. This measure is good for small defects. Large gaps are caulked.

The paint is applied in several layers: the first one will be absorbed after sanding. If desired finished surface can be varnished. So the milled material will acquire a second life.

Butts are the most vulnerabilities logs, since the wood fibers remain completely open and more than other areas are adversely affected by weather factors. The processes of moistening and rapid evaporation of moisture lead to the formation of cracks at the ends, as a result, the logs can crack, which has a very bad effect on strength wooden structure. To prevent the development of negative processes, the processing of the ends of the logs of the log house from rounded logs with special antiseptic agents will help. If a protective treatment is carried out in a timely manner, the wood dries evenly, which has positive influence on the appearance of logs and the log house as a whole.

The need for processing the ends becomes obvious if you look at an untreated log that has lain on the street for several years, the ends of which have lost their natural color and darkened, become covered with cracks, fungus and mold have appeared on them.

This happens because the open ends actively absorb moisture, which then quickly evaporates, and the loose wood structure becomes a haven for microorganisms and insects.

Through the end and side surfaces of the logs, moisture evaporates at different rates. Evaporation of moisture through the ends occurs much faster, which leads to the formation of cracks and deformation of the crowns.

Painting the ends of the log house contributes to the uniform drying of the logs, since the rate of evaporation through the painted surface slows down, and, accordingly, the process of cracking stops.

The first processing of the ends must be carried out immediately after the construction log house. But since in the first years after construction there is active process log house shrinkage, it is necessary to treat the ends with a product that does not interfere with the natural shrinkage processes occurring in the wood.

Must have the following characteristics:

• do not interfere with the evaporation of moisture from the logs through the ends along the longitudinal fibers;
• do not extinguish the processes of removing moisture along the transverse fibers;
• do not interfere with the removal of moisture from the surface.
• protect the tree from exposure to ultraviolet radiation;
• prevent decay processes.

Lime is the traditional end face treatment. It is often used today for this purpose. Lime is a natural antiseptic that protects wood from decay and UV rays. However, the duration of this remedy is very short, since the first rain will completely wash away the lime, and the ends will be left without protection.

Knowing this, many owners wooden houses use PVA glue or acrylic varnish for processing the ends. But the effectiveness of these products is also questionable, since they form a film on the surface that prevents the evaporation of moisture and interferes with the full air exchange of wood.

To provide them effective protection? At present, Russian and foreign manufacturers a lot of impregnations are produced for processing the ends. Among domestic antiseptics, three agents are recognized as the best:

1. Biotor.

The tool has good penetrating power. The antiseptic is absorbed into the wood to a depth of several centimeters, forming a protective layer on the surface that allows air to pass through and repels water. The coating helps to remove excess moisture from the wood, prevents the development of putrefactive processes, reduces the depth and number of end cracks. The antiseptic does not lose its protective properties for several years.

The product does not contain solvents and does not emit odor, tolerates frost well and has fire retardant properties. For ease of application and control of treated areas, the antiseptic slightly changes the color of the tree.

The tool provides protection of the ends from biological damage by microorganisms and insects, prevents the formation of fungus and mold and prevents decay.

The antiseptic creates elastic at the ends of the logs protective film, which does not let moisture in, which prevents the accumulation of excess moisture in the wood fibers. At the same time, the coating has vapor permeability, therefore it does not interfere with the air exchange processes occurring in the wood.

This tool does not affect the aesthetic characteristics of the log house, since the antiseptic retains the natural color and texture of the wood.

Biotor

It has the same characteristics as those listed above. Impregnation protects the ends of logs and timber, creating a waterproof transparent coating on the surface, which prevents rotting and cracking of the ends, and also reduces existing cracks. The elastic film also makes it possible to reduce the linear deformation of the tree that occurs during the shrinkage period.

To provide a wooden house or a bath with good and durable protection, it is necessary to adhere to certain order works. Before treating the ends with an antiseptic, it is necessary to perform a number of mandatory operations.

The work is carried out in the following sequence:

1. Log trimming. This operation consists in cutting off the protruding parts of the logs. During the construction of a house from the CB, the size of the logs is not regulated. After construction, the length of the logs in the cuts is rarely the same, and the ends, as a rule, are also not perfectly even. The formation of a neat and even vertical plane is done after construction. The protruding ends are cut with an electric or chainsaw.
2. Next, the ends of the log house are polished. With the help of grinding, the surface is prepared for antiseptic treatment. After grinding, the absorbency of wood increases, the ends absorb the antiseptic better and deeper, which ultimately increases the duration of the protective treatment.

At the first stage, a rough surface treatment is performed with a grinder with a coarse abrasive. Then the ends are polished with an emery nozzle of a finer fraction. Processing must be carried out until a layer of intact and clean wood appears.

Can only be done in dry weather. It is possible to process only completely dried logs, the moisture content of which does not exceed 20%. When sanding damp wood, villi are formed, which do not allow the surface to be smooth and even.

1. Protective treatment of the ends with an antiseptic. The ends are processed with a wide brush at least three times. Impregnation is applied in a plentiful layer. After the first layer has completely dried (about a day), the second layer is applied, and then after 24 hours the third layer.
2. Sealant treatment. This operation is performed after antiseptic treatment to create a durable water-repellent coating on the ends that prevents excessive moisture in the wood. For these purposes, it is recommended to use special acrylic sealants.

End processing after shrinkage

After the initial shrinkage of the log house, approximately 12 months after construction, the ends are painted with a product that creates a strong protective film on the surface. It can be either drying oil or paint containing oil or wax.

Antiseptic treatment is necessary in any case, even if it is further assumed

Now very popular buildings from processed on rounding machines logs. But any master will say that wood is a very capricious material. It is afraid of water, but at the same time it is impossible to seal its pores and prevent "breathing".

Unpolished round logs

Wood is susceptible to fungus, mold, woodworms, belongs to the group of highly combustible materials, sometimes the logs of an already built log house can “twist”, they bend, crack. How to deal with these problems, we will tell in this article.

What is round log

There are 2 subspecies of rounded logs:

The downside is that under the influence of precipitation and sun rays the log darkens over time, but not completely, but only a few centimeters deep. Serve at home or baths from such trunks will be a long time.

Most often, the starting material for cylindering is conifers trees - pine, spruce, cedar. A log ready for use is obtained after the following processing steps:

The resulting rounded log is used for the construction of low-rise buildings, baths, cottages, verandas, bars and other commercial, household and residential buildings.

Means for processing

Various means for processing a log house from rounded logs

The instructions for the formulations always indicate the period when you can and cannot use the drug.

So, the processing of rounded logs with transport antiseptics begins immediately after the completion of the profiling and trimming processes. The application of other compositions - only after assembling the log house into a single structure and sealing the seams.

Steps for processing and applying protective equipment

Any means of protection are applied to wood with a moisture content of not more than 25%. The level is measured with a special device - a moisture meter (contact or non-contact).

To process a log cabin from rounded logs, you need the following tools and aggregates:

Grinding is done using a special nozzle

All this is useful for processing the house with your own hands. And in production conditions, another method is used - autoclaving. With the help of a special autoclave apparatus, the logs are treated with antiseptic and flame retardant compounds. For a log house from such blanks, mold and open fire will not be terrible for more than 10 years.

The inconvenience of this method is that sometimes the logs need to be adjusted and cut off the excess, the files. This removes the protected layer, that is, the impregnation will need to be restored.

Before starting work, you need to prepare:

The total processing of a log house from a rounded log begins only after a complete drying cycle, that is, at least a year after the construction of a house under a temporary roof. This is due to the fact that excess moisture in the building material makes it difficult for the composition to penetrate, and the effectiveness of its use is minimized.

Important! While the tree is damp, the shrinkage of the house will occur constantly, cracks, dents, bumps may appear on perfectly even trunks, which subsequently need to be polished and sealed with special sealants or compounds based on epoxy, acrylic, silicone.

Finished log cabin corner

Problems of rounded logs and how to deal with them

1. Cracks appeared on the finished log house.

During the drying of the log, cracks may appear on it. As a rule, masters prefer not to touch them until the last, since it is through them that the greatest amount of moisture comes out. After general processing log house defects are filled with a mixture of sawdust + epoxy resin or special sealants (Perma-Chink, REMMERS Acryl-100).

Grinding is a mandatory operation that is performed inside and outside the house after the end of the shrinkage processes that occur in the wooden structure after construction. Grinding removes various defects from logs, removes blue, and evens out the surface. The sanded wood is necessary in short time subjected to further processing, otherwise the surface will be covered with a dark coating, which can only be removed by repeated grinding. The processing of the log house inside the house after grinding is carried out with special antiseptic preparations that perform protective functions and protect the wood from adverse factors of natural and biological origin. From the article you will learn about how to process a log house after grinding.

During grinding, bark residues, knots and irregularities are removed from the logs, thus the outer layer of wood is completely removed. After the surface is polished, the logs are left without protection and without proper processing are exposed to various adverse effects.

The external walls of the house are negatively affected external factors. As a result of high humidity, mold, fungus and microorganisms may appear on unprotected logs. Under influence ultraviolet radiation the tree may turn yellow. When wood overheats or freezes due to constant change temperature regime surface may crack.

The inner walls of a wooden house are in more favorable conditions, but, nevertheless, also need protection. The fungus that causes blue wood can also settle on the surface of the logs due to abuse. It is especially important to protect wooden surfaces rooms where high humidity is constantly present: bathroom, bath, sauna.

Please note that the processing of the log house after grinding from the outside and from the inside of the house should be carried out no later than seven days. Otherwise, a dark coating will reappear on the surface.

Means for protecting a wooden house

For protective treatment at home after grinding, several groups of drugs are used:

• antiseptics;
• flame retardants;
• compositions for complex purposes;
• bleaching agents.

Provide protection of wood from biological damage, which include mold, different kinds fungi, microorganisms and insects.

Antiseptics are presented in two forms:

1. Impregnation. Characterized by high absorbency. They penetrate deep into the wood fibers for several centimeters, protecting the tree from biodefeats, and also destroy mold foci that have already appeared, colonies of fungi and microorganisms.
2. Covering agents. They create a protective layer on the surface that does not let moisture into the wood. These preparations are especially relevant for wet rooms.

According to the duration of action, antiseptics are divided into the following groups:

1. Easily washable. The composition of these products includes metal salts, which are quickly washed off under the influence of water and humidity. These drugs are best covered wooden house from within. However, these products are not suitable for baths, saunas and bathrooms.
2. Difficult to wash. These preparations contain natural and artificial oils, they are resistant to moisture and other atmospheric phenomena. Therefore, if the question is how to cover the log house from the outside after grinding, then it is best to use hard-to-wash compounds for external processing.
3. Short term action. Such antiseptic impregnations are quickly absorbed into the wood and are well tolerated. high humidity And high temperatures. They protect the tree not only from mold, but also from insects. Great for baths and saunas.

Antiseptics are glazing and covering. The former create a transparent layer that completely preserves the natural pattern of wood. The latter form a tinted coating with a matte or glossy sheen.

Wood is very susceptible to fire, it ignites very quickly and burns well. To protect a wooden house from a fire, it is necessary to cover the log house with special means - flame retardants. This group of drugs is designed to protect wood from fire.

Flame retardants prevent ignition and allow the wood to withstand exposure to an open flame for a long time without catching fire.

There are two types of compositions:

1. Products containing sodium salts. When exposed to fire on wood treated with such a composition, gases are released that prevent ignition.
2. Non-salt preparations. The flame is blocked by the foam that forms on the wood when exposed to fire.

Complex means

The drugs in this group are universal. They protect the wood from different types adverse impacts. Means prevent the penetration of moisture, protect the surface from fungus, mold and insects, and also prevent ignition.

Blueing of logs is a very common occurrence. The reason for the formation of blue is a special fungus that settles in untreated wood. It is not always possible to get rid of blue spots with the help of.

No matter how well the wood is polished, the spores of the fungus still remain and, under favorable conditions, will again multiply intensively. To completely destroy the fungus, wood is treated with special ones.

All bleaches are divided into two large groups:

1. chlorine compounds. The main active ingredient in them is chlorine. With chlorine-based products, it is better to treat the log house from the outside.
2. Products that do not contain chlorine. The active substance in them is hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, alkali, oxalic acid. Chlorine-free preparations are suitable for processing timber inside the house.

The principle of operation of all products is to oxidize the surface, which leads to discoloration of the pigment and the destruction of fungal spores.

Before processing log walls protective equipment it is necessary to remove from the surface with a vacuum cleaner all the dust and chips formed during grinding, and then wipe the wood with a rag.

Temperature environment during processing should not be lower than plus five degrees at a humidity of about 80%.

Impregnations are applied in the following sequence: antiseptic, bleaching compound, fire-fighting agent.

Antiseptic and fire retardant impregnation is applied in two layers. Each new layer is applied after the previous one has completely dried, after about 24 hours. After using bleach, the surface is washed with water.