How to make window blocks out of wood. How to make wooden windows with your own hands? Long period of operation
It is very difficult to make wooden frames with your own hands, because the profile must be prepared, strictly observing all dimensions. Elements window system must fit snugly against each other, only then the product will be airtight.
Ebbs are also difficult to manufacture. They can be done correctly by people who have experience working with wood. It is best to cut the elements on special machines, then the windows will last a long time. However, not everyone has machines, so at home it is better to stop at the very simple project. Certainly, homemade product will not be airtight, but for glazing cottages, balconies and summer kitchen it will fit.
How to make windows with your own hands, spending a minimum of effort? The manufacturing process consists of the following steps:
- Choosing the right profile. Purchase of building materials.
- Manufacturing of boxes and frames.
- Installation of window blocks. Glazing.
On preparatory stage glass will need to be selected. It can be an ordinary sheet, which is well suited for country windows. In addition, ready-made double-glazed windows can be installed in wooden frames.
Each of the selected options has its own merits. For example, in the first case, it is possible to independently choose and buy cheap material. But the use of double-glazed windows in wooden frames is different in that such windows will significantly reduce heat loss.
When making double-glazed windows, manufacturers pump inert gas into the space between the sheets of glass. Such windows can be used for glazing cottages and country house.
Window frames can be made from larch. Oak is also popular, but it is much more difficult to process it. A good option would be the manufacture of structures from Angarsk pine. Even novice builders can work with glued beams; products made from this material will last at least 50 years.
Blueprints must be purchased in advance. by the most simple option, which is suitable for novice builders, can be called the manufacture of windows with a double frame and single glazing. For carpentry you will need the following tools:
- hammer;
- saw;
- chisel.
The work will be done faster if an electric planer and cutter are available.
How to make a window so that it lasts a long time? Much depends on the quality of the material. Only dry wood is suitable for work. It should be carefully examined at the construction base. It is important that there are no knots, then the frame will not crack. A good option would be glued material. To make a window yourself, you will need a drawing, glass, metal corners and wood glue.
Glued laminated timber is good because it is practically not deformable. A frame made of this material will not change shape even in high humidity. The window frame can be made from boards 50x150 mm and bars 50x50 mm. Also, all wooden structures are treated with an antiseptic. This prevents rotting.
Factory window profile has a complex structure, it is very difficult for beginners to repeat it. Therefore, it is easiest to use the simplest project. For example, plywood can be used to create a window profile. It is necessary to fasten 4 strips in the form of a rectangle. To make a profile, several rectangles are assembled. So you can make a blind frame or a window with 3 or 2 glasses.
To make a frame with 1 glass, 8 strips of plywood are required, they form 2 rectangles. Stripes of 2 layers are made smaller in width. Wood screws are used to connect parts. All parts of the structure are coated with carpentry glue, then the frame will last for many years.
How to make a box out of planks
The amount of material you need depends on the size of the windows. First you need to make a box, a frame will be installed on it. The box protects it from deformation when the building shrinks. All elements are made from a dry board, it must be free of cracks. It is treated with sandpaper, this allows you to remove small burrs. Then markup is applied and parts of the structure are cut out.
In the process of performing work, it is important to pay attention to the outer perimeter of the product. It should be about 3 cm smaller sizes window opening in the wall. Next, you should look at the inner perimeter, it should be about 3 mm larger than the frame size.
All elements of the box are connected according to the groove-thorn principle. You can make it with a cutter or a hacksaw. For work you will need a chisel and a mallet. The spike is made on the part that they plan to install in vertical position. The groove is cut on the element to be installed in window opening in horizontal form.
Next, you need to take sandpaper and carefully clean all the elements. The box is collected on the floor or other flat surface. The spike and groove are lubricated with carpentry glue, this increases the strength of the installation. It is necessary to ensure that all parts of the window are connected at an angle of 90 °. For this, a metal corner is used.
In order to give the structure greater rigidity, 2 holes are drilled diagonally in the box. This must be done in those places where the tenon-groove fastening takes place. With the help of a mallet, wooden pins are inserted into them (this is how a right angle is fixed). All pins are pre-lubricated with wood glue. It needs to dry, so the box needs to be left for a while. The next step is the manufacture of the window frame.
The window size determines its configuration. When deciding to make a window frame out of wood for the first time, it should be borne in mind that it is easiest to make standard products. In order for the product to be of high quality and last for a long time, it is necessary to buy glued pine timber. It is less prone to torsion, which is an indisputable advantage of this material.
It is important to choose the right type of glazing. It can be double or single. The first is most often used in areas with a harsh climate, such windows are installed in houses. For a summer kitchen and a balcony, it is enough to make windows with single glazing. Experienced craftsmen they are made in 1 day.
Work begins with the marking of the bars, you need to select the grooves on them. The easiest way to do this is with a cutter, it is installed on an electric drill. The lower grooves are necessary in order to install the frame in the box profile, and the upper ones will be needed for mounting the glass. The joints should be glued with wood glue.
The window frame should be assembled according to the drawing, the process is similar to assembling a box. When the work is completed, the window frame must be laid on the floor until the glue has completely dried.
In order to properly install the windows made by yourself, you will need to pre-cut holes in the wall. It is important to remove construction debris and dirt.
Holes must be drilled in the walls, subsequently dowels will be placed in them. The pitch between the holes should not exceed 80 mm.
The highest quality fastening is achieved through the use of self-tapping screws. When the box is installed, all the cracks should be “blown out” with mounting foam. You can use other heat-insulating materials.
When installing windows, it is important to observe the geometry. The angles must be strictly 90 °, the deviation is not more than 1 mm per 1 m.
Glass cutting.
- The material is placed on flat surface without tubercles. This is very important point, because on uneven surface brittle material may crack. The table is suitable for work.
- Markup is being done. Then you need to put a ruler on the glass.
- The glass cutter should be pressed against the material, and then held over the glass along the ruler. There should be a solid scratch on the material.
- The glass is shifted to the edge of the table, placing it so that the cut line coincides with the edge.
- The part of the glass that lies on the table should be held with one hand, and the other should be slightly pressed on the part hanging above the floor. The pressure should be increased until the glass breaks along the line drawn by the glass cutter.
It is best to practice on an old piece of glass in advance, and then cut out a new one.
There is one more glazing option. You need to take measurements, and then order glass cutting in the workshop. When the work is done, the material should be picked up, brought to country cottage area and insert into the frame.
Glass installation.
- The sheet is placed in a frame. Then it is removed, silicone sealant is applied along its edges. The glass is set in place.
- Staple fixing. Each element of the frame must be measured. The bead is cut and the ends are cut at an angle of 45 °.
- Silicone sealant is applied to the glass in those places where the glazing bead will be installed, which is then nailed with small nails.
As a result of using silicone sealant and glazing beads, the glass will be securely fixed in the frame and there will be no gaps. When installing windows, it is important to ensure that all cracks are filled with mounting foam. If they are not removed, cold bridges form.
When working with glass and wood, you should not forget about protection. Hands are covered with gloves, and eyes when cutting glass - with special glasses.
Installing the finished double-glazed window in the frame, do not forget about the installation of the window sill. It can be made from different materials. When the windows are securely fixed in the opening, they are coated with a primer and then painted. On the side of the room, any paint can be used, but for painting the side facing the street, it is worth using a paint that is resistant to temperature changes.
Conclusion
A do-it-yourself wooden window can be made in a few days if you choose the most simple model. It is important to measure correctly. To avoid mistakes, you should focus on the old frames. Frames are made from well-dried wood. Usually pine is used in construction, but oak and glued beams can be used.
Certainly plastic windows won our hearts long ago. However, for budget way window replacement is suitable for a wooden frame. And if you decide to carry out such repair work in your country house or on the veranda, then you can make wooden windows with your own hands. When I added a veranda to my house, I immediately decided to glaze it and the option with plastic windows did not suit me. Of course, production machines assemble window frames much better and faster, but you always want to do something with your own hands. But if you follow all the rules for processing wooden material and the technology for connecting parts, then it is quite possible to achieve good results. Today we will look at step by step instructions for the production of wooden windows.
Making a wooden box
wooden box
When I decided to make a wooden window with my own hands, I thought about what kind of wood to use. From myself I want to advise you to use pine - it is quite affordable due to its cost. If you, like me, decided to try to make a wooden frame for windows yourself, then give preference to this particular material. Oak can be considered a good alternative, but it is more expensive than pine and I was afraid to use it for the first time.
Important! If you decide to experiment, then you should not immediately purchase expensive materials. It is possible that you will not succeed and the wood elements will be damaged.
Stock up on the necessary tools in advance, although many home craftsmen have all these items in constant use:
- Drill and screwdriver - mechanized way tightening screws will speed up the assembly process
- glass cutter
- electric planer
- Chisel and hammer
Before buying, always check the condition of the boards. They should not have cracks or chips, protruding knots or any deformations. They must also be completely dry. Step technology:
- For my window, I chose a board measuring 150x50 mm
- In all wooden blanks he made a groove resembling the letter "G". The depth of the groove was 15 mm
- After that, I connected 4 parts together. For joints, wood glue is used, and the corners should be 90 degrees each. After the box is glued, drill holes in it for a wooden rod, which is 3 cm long. This is an additional fixation and provides 90 degree corners
- The box is inserted into the already prepared opening for the window. Everything is simple here: you drill holes into which you insert dowels, and then fix the box with self-tapping screws. I did not perform such actions - my goal was to make a window with my own hands
Important! All cracks must be filled with mounting foam. With this fixing, the mobility of the tree with a temperature difference is not taken into account.
Wooden windows do it yourself
The wooden box is standing - we make a frame
DIY wooden windows
Step-by-step instructions for making a frame for windows with your own hands depends on what kind of window you want to make. I made a single-glass profile with 2 grooves:
- The window frame is made from wooden beam, the size of which depends on the design of the windows. I used a 6x4 cm wooden beam, but you can take larger sizes
- If the window profile is double-glazed, then the design will have 1 more groove - 2 grooves for glass and 1 for fixing in a box
- The profile is made using a milling cutter or an electric planer - I chose 4 mm glass, and 10 mm bead
- In order to assemble the parts, they need to be cut. To get 90 degrees, cut the edges obliquely, that is, 45 degrees. Self-tapping screws should be used for high-quality fixing and immobility
As a beginner in this business, it was not immediately clear to me how the whole process takes place. Instructions for the manufacture of wooden windows were written for me as if in an incomprehensible language, but having bought everything necessary materials and tools, I started work. Having considered all the drawings and photos that can be found on the Internet without any problems, it turned out that making a wooden window with your own hands is not such a difficult task.
Important! More recently, cashing was used to hide flaws in the installation of wooden windows or their thermal insulation. Now cashing plays not only a practical, but also a decorative role. Cash is suitable for wooden houses and is only used for them. It can be carved or resemble images of animals - it all depends on the imagination of the master.
Only a little remains - we insert glass
We make wooden windows with our own hands
The most important thing in this process is the exact choice of glass dimensions. Thanks to this, cold bridges are not created, and the glasses adhere qualitatively to the wooden window frame. Deviations of 1 mm can already have negative consequences - and we do not need this.
Important! Remember safety precautions when cutting glass. You should definitely have gloves to protect your hands and goggles - protection from glass chips is a must.
You need to cut glass with a diamond glass cutter, and fine-grained sandpaper is suitable for polishing the edge. The cutting technique is very simple. It is enough to stock up on a ruler that will be longer than glass and lead along it with a glass cutter. Before you smear the edges with sealant, you need to attach a glass for fitting. If everything is successful, then sealant is applied to the grooves, after which the glass is finally inserted into the frame. After that, we use a glazing bead - it should hook both the frame and the glass, and then fix it with thin nails. If the fillers are wider, then fix them with self-tapping screws - choose thin fasteners.
On this, the manufacture of wooden windows with their own hands is completely completed and only one thing remains: the placement of wooden windows in prepared boxes. I did not need this action, but if you still decide to install, then:
- We insert the structure into the block and fix it in the grooves
- Using self-tapping screws, we fix the frame - the elements must pass through it directly into the wall
- All slots are filled with polyurethane foam and wait for it to dry completely.
- In the future, you can make slopes with your own hands in the most convenient way for you. But for wooden structures everyone is accustomed to using plaster, as plastic slopes will not look harmonious
Renovation of an old wooden structure
We restore old windows with our own hands
I would like to raise another important question: how to update old wooden windows with your own hands? Despite all the defects that appear on wooden structures after long years they remain very strong and durable. Therefore, there is not always a desire to change old window structures and spend a lot of money on it.
Usually, do-it-yourself restoration of wooden windows involves installing seals and painting frames, but in some cases a more time-consuming process is required. When gaps appear between wooden frame and the box, seals should be used. You can use rubber, foam rubber or polyvinyl chloride. But if a skew has formed, then closing or opening the sash on the windows becomes a real problem. In order to correct the situation, you can try 2 methods: first, check the loops - maybe they have settled and it’s enough just to find a new place for them or cut off the excess with a planer. The fact is that wood tends to swell and therefore there may be places that need to be adjusted over time.
Very often, windows do not close due to a corny thick layer of applied paint. To do this, you need to use sandpaper remove excess layers of coatings from wooden structures. However, the most terrible problem may seem to be rot on certain areas. Oddly enough, this is usual solution: using a chisel, you need to cut out the damaged area, it would be better if you grab some more suitable material. Lubricate the resulting recess with epoxy or wood glue, then insert new material and secure it. When the adhesive solution dries, the entire surface is processed with a grinder. The final decision will be to open the frame with varnish or paint with paintwork materials.
Results
As you can see, there is nothing wrong with making new wooden structures or updating old wooden windows. In order to do all the work yourself, it is enough to study the technology, as well as stock up on the necessary tools and wooden materials. Having chosen the right wood, you will be able to build a window structure yourself and subsequently glaze your summer house or veranda, and possibly a summer kitchen.
Made from prefabricated glass panels double-glazed windows are beautiful and comfortable. But they have one drawback: if the glass is accidentally broken, you often have to replace the entire window, and this is both long and expensive. Therefore, if you need windows for a summer residence or for some kind of outbuilding, plastic windows are not economically viable. It is much easier and cheaper to install wooden ones. Yes, and making wooden windows with your own hands is not so difficult, although it would be unfair to call this work simple.
Wooden windows are able to maintain the required level of humidity in the house, which favorably affects the internal microclimate of the room.
Choice of materials and tools
Making a window in a home workshop, and in addition, and not having sufficient qualifications, it is impossible to achieve its complete tightness and reliable sound insulation. Therefore, for a residential building, it is still better to order windows for professionals. But for a veranda, bathhouse, barn or garage, anyone can try to make wooden windows with their own hands, as long as they are at hand the right materials and tools.
When deciding to make a window yourself, you need to responsibly approach the choice of material. The wood must be well dried, otherwise warping and shrinkage of raw wood cannot be avoided in the future. Also, the board should not have chips, cracks, knots, etc.
The design of the window itself consists of a box, which is inserted into the window opening and is rigidly fixed in it, and the frame itself with inserted glass. For a box it is better to take wooden board with a section of 150x50 mm, and a wooden beam with a section of 60x40 mm is usually used for the frame.
Pine or oak boards are used for windows. Oak is much more durable than pine, but also much more difficult to process. Therefore, novice carpenters first make window structures from pine and, only after gaining experience and “filling their hands”, they switch to working with oak.
From the tools for assembling the window you will need:
- roulette;
- electric jigsaw or hand saw;
- drill;
- planer (preferably electric);
- chisel;
- drill;
- hammer;
- screwdriver;
- glass cutter
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Box manufacturing
Despite the ease of manufacture, the box must be treated with great respect. After all, it is the box fixed in the window opening that will take on the main load. If it cracks or sags under the weight of the wall, it will be impossible to insert a window into it, and the windows of the one inserted will probably burst.
Start making the box with blanks. To do this, 2 pieces are sawn off from the board, corresponding in length to the width of the window opening, and 2 pieces corresponding to its length. The ends of the boards corresponding to the width of the box, with the help of a jigsaw and a chisel, are turned into a spike 20 cm thick. And at the ends of the boards, measured along the length, a groove of the same thickness is made in the middle.
After that, for each board, you need to select a groove with a planer to a width of 50 mm and a depth of 3-4 mm. The resulting ridges will subsequently serve as a support for the window frame and contribute to a better tightness of the window. Having finished sampling, all four sides of the box are interconnected.
Fixing the corners is first done with wood glue, and then two holes Ø12-15 mm are made at the ends of the boards so that the drill passes through the top board and goes deep into the end of the bottom board by 10 mm. Then, wooden rods of the appropriate diameter are inserted into each hole. These rods provide a fixed fixation of boards connected at right angles.
Usually, window frames are inserted into the wall directly during the construction of the walls, and frames after the completion of the roof. The box must be inserted with the selected side out. Because the box is quite long time are subject to significant stress, especially on their upper part, then, in order to avoid warping, temporary struts are inserted into them before the frames are installed.
These spacers are vertically inserted 25-30 mm boards, 10 mm longer than the distance between the transverse boards of the box. The lower part of the boards is cut off evenly, and the upper part is cut at a slight (4-5º) angle so that the spacer can be inserted more tightly into the box, and subsequently it is easy to remove it from there. The number of spacers depends on the width of the span and is taken at the rate of 1 spacer per 40-50 cm of width.
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Window frame assembly
The shape of the window frame profile depends on the number of panes to be inserted and their thickness. With a single-glass profile, the frame has 2 grooves: 1 - for glass, 2 - for a more hermetic insertion into the box. For a double-glazed profile, you will need another additional groove. If you want the window to have three glasses, it is better to make an additional single-glass frame that will be inserted into the box from the inside.
First you need to properly cut the timber. Having measured the distance between the boards of the box, mark the same on the beam, and then saw off, but not directly, but at an angle strictly of 45º. The ends are sawn off along a converging path, i.e. one face remains the same length, while the opposite is shorter. If the window is planned to be hinged, then you need to saw off 4 heights of the box and 4 blanks corresponding to half of its width plus 3 cm. If everything is measured and sawn off correctly, then the blanks connected together should form a rectangle, 1-2 mm in size smaller than the inner perimeter of the box.
On each blank that will be attached to the window frame, on one side of the long edge, a planer makes a selection 10 mm wide and 5 mm deep to ensure greater tightness when installing the frame in the box. On the short edge, the same sample sizes are also made. If the profile is single-glazed, then one selection is made on the short edge at the diametrically opposite end from that made on the long edge. With a two-glass profile, selections are made from both ends of the short edge.
On the remaining two bars, grooves are also made, but differently. They are made half the width and half the depth of the beam, but in a mirror image. That is, grooves are made so that, upon contact, the two halves are connected into a single structure. The same grooves must be provided in the ends of the horizontal bars connected to the vertical bars (this is where the extra 3 cm of width will go).
Two half-frames are assembled from these blanks. Further, as with the assembly of the box, holes are made at the ends, only smaller, Ø 8-10 mm. Then the ends are folded together and connected with wooden rods. For greater reliability, long self-tapping screws are screwed into the end joints, be sure to drown their hats, and even better - the ends are fastened with metal corners.
Two assembled half-frames are attached to the window box using small cylindrical hinges, 2 for each half-frame. The hinges are fastened with screws: one half - to the frame, the second - to the window box. In a static position, two half-frames are fixed with latches or bolts.
If the window will not open, then two options for the window frame are possible. If the window itself is small, then 2 box heights and 2 of its width are sawn off for the frame. Further operations for assembling the frame are completely identical to the hinged window.
However, if the size of the window is large, then it is better to provide for the division of the glass into two or three parts. The frame body itself is assembled according to the same scheme, but 1 or 2 additional vertical beams on which grooves for glasses are made.
To do this, on the frame body in the middle or at a distance of 1/3 from the edges on the back of the frame, grooves are made for half the bar, and in width - for the width of the bar. On additional blanks, spikes of the same width and thickness are made from the outside. Then the spikes are inserted into the grooves and fastened with wood glue and self-tapping screws. Such frames are not attached, but simply inserted into the box. Their fixation is carried out with platbands, and the remaining gaps are sealed with mounting foam.
Recently, plastic euro-windows have almost completely replaced their wooden counterparts. However, the latter are still in demand, as they "breathe", moreover, wood is an inexpensive material. Making a window for a summer house or a country house is not difficult, you just need to follow the instructions. The product can be made to your taste: sliding, with shutters, with an unusual window sill.
Required Tools
The following tools and materials are required:
- Hammer.
- Drill.
- Screwdriver.
- Chisel.
- glass cutter
- Joiner's glue.
- Grinding machine.
- Hacksaw.
- Milling machine.
With the help of these tools, you can carry out basic work, and calculate the amount of material needed. Next, you can proceed to the construction of the box for the window.
wooden box
For the manufacture of the box, pine is often used, which is distinguished by its availability, reliability and low price.
Of course, this is not the only wood from which you can build a structure, there is also oak. It is more reliable and lasts longer than pine, but it costs more. If the master is inexperienced, then it is better for him not to experiment with expensive material.
It is worth remembering that the box should be as strong as possible, because it is on it that the main load goes. Pine boards must be cleaned and dried, they must not have cracks, scars and protruding knots. It is worth considering a tree of only the first grade, the rest will definitely not work.
To make a block, you need to follow the instructions:
- Take a board with a section of 15x5 centimeters.
- Select a groove in the workpiece in the form of the letter G, the depth of the groove is 1.5 centimeters.
- All parts are connected with wood glue.
- Then in all corners you need to drill holes, the depth of which should not exceed 3 centimeters. They need to insert wooden pins.
The box must be inserted into the wall in such a way that there are no gaps. The first step is to make holes, where they then insert anchors or dowels and screw the box. Slots can be filled with mounting foam.
Window frame
To make a window frame that is not inferior in quality to factory products is sometimes beyond the power of even good craftsmen. The thing is that the design should not have deviations, and even a slight distortion can break the thermal insulation. Despite this, you can create a window frame made of wood with your own hands, but simpler.
Wooden frames produced in industrial scale, are not very different from plastic options. Here and there complex structure, which allows you to open sashes and vents in several planes. Homemade windows includes the following steps:
- Material preparation and profile selection.
- Frame installation.
- Window glazing.
The choice of profile comes down to the fact that you have to choose which glass to install, ordinary or double-glazed windows. Each of the options has its own advantages: in the first case, it is not high price, in the second - low thermal conductivity.
An interesting feature of double-glazed windows is the inert gas pumped between the sheets by the manufacturer. Its concentration decreases slightly over time, but this is not a problem, since the difference in heat retention will not be seen. There is also a hybrid option, when both ordinary windows and double-glazed windows are installed. Such a homemade wooden window is called Finnish. It retains the most heat. Of course, the easiest option would be to install a pair of glasses, between which there is a layer with a width of several centimeters.
The main nuance in the manufacture of wooden frames is the preservation of shape and geometry during installation. Pre-prepared drawings will help to cope with this. The beam must be selected based on the thickness of the glazing of the future window. The minimum allowed cross-section of the beam is 60X40 mm. Grooves in the bars are made using an electric planer or milling cutter. Professionals advise beginners to practice creating grooves in small pieces: make cuts in different directions. Do-it-yourself wooden window drawing:
Before starting all procedures, you need to carefully take measurements. If it is possible to entrust this work to a more experienced person, then it is better to do so, because a deviation of a couple of millimeters can lead to bad consequences. The ends should be filed at an angle of 45 degrees.
Elements wooden frame assembled with wood glue. You can additionally give strength by drilling holes in the corners and inserting wooden rods there. They are also lubricated with glue. To give strength, you can knock out a groove on the connecting elements and install a key. The result should be an almost monolithic structure.
There is another option for connecting elements - a tenon-groove. However, this work is quite laborious, so the first option is most often used.
Glass installation
At this stage, it is important to accurately calculate the dimensions of the glass, as it must fit snugly against the frame. This will reduce the thermal conductivity of the window. Measure to the nearest millimeter. Glass is cut with a glass cutter, after which the sharp edges are treated with sandpaper.
When carrying out this procedure, it is important to take care of your safety:
- Work must be carried out with rubber gloves to protect hands from cuts.
- Eyes must be protected with goggles, as there is a risk of chips or splinters entering.
- You can protect your face with a mask.
The implementation of the actions of the glass cutter also has its own subtleties. So, the movement of the device should be smooth, with a moderate degree of pressure. If the pressure on the glass is too low, then the incision will turn out to be of poor quality and chips may form. Excessive pressure is also harmful: you can push through the glass and injure yourself with fragments. For a straight cut, it is best to use a ruler. The material from which it is made does not matter. If it is not there, then you can simply use a flat rail.
After the work with the glass cutter is completed, the glass is moved to the edge of the table and broken. If everything was done correctly, then it will break exactly along the path of the glass cutter. In this way, glass is cut out for the entire frame. Then you can start measuring the glass: it is simply placed in the frame and checked if it fits.
The next step is to install the glass in the frame. For this on wooden details apply sealant. It is best to choose a colorless one so that the window looks perfect. Next, the glass is applied to the frame and the sealant is allowed to dry. After some time, the canvas is fixed with a glazing bead. A glazing bead is a triangular rail that presses the glass. It not only fixes the glass, but also hides the seam. It is best to mount the rail with thin nails.
Preparing the window sill
One of the stages of window installation is the installation of a window sill. Any material can be chosen. However the best option still will natural material- tree. Here are its main benefits:
- The material is environmentally friendly and absolutely safe.
- Heating devices practically do not harm him, which cannot be said about plastic.
- When using a non-standard coating, you can achieve an exclusive color that will please the eye.
The main condition: the board for the window sill must be intact, without cracks and knots. It needs to be pre-processed, to carry out a selection of moulds, a teardrop. Teardrops are small grooves with a width of 8-10 mm, the sampling depth reaches 8 mm. Such a gutter is made along the bottom of the board, at a distance equal to 2 cm from the front.
After that, you need to cut the board to the required length. Calculating everything is simple: the width of the window opening is taken plus 4 cm on each side. You can add a few centimeters if you need to give additional reinforcement.
It is also worth paying attention to the ledge into the room. Of course, you can make the window sill flush with the wall, but this is not very convenient. Too much protrusion is also not worth doing. Optimal Distance 6-8 centimeters. An exception is, perhaps, the case of making a window for the kitchen, where a wide ledge will come in handy.
Product installation
The next step is the installation of the window sill. To do this, you first have to clean the installation site, upholster it with shingles and felt. This will avoid heat loss. The installation itself is carried out using a solution of lime and gypsum. Wooden wedges are used for installation, then everything is poured with mortar.
After the solution dries, you can lay the board. It is mounted from the bottom of the opening. 4 cm at each end of the board will be enough. This is necessary for laying the structure in the slopes of the wall. If the wall is stone, then it is necessary to clear the furrows and then adjust the board. Using the building level, it is necessary to level the product, avoiding distortions. As soon as the board is installed, all gaps must be filled gypsum mortar. All damaged sections of the wall should be carefully plastered according to the general finish.
The final step is painting the product. Painting a window is easy. You just need to remember the following:
- If the window was not painted before assembly, then the binding must be treated with an antiseptic. It is especially necessary to monitor the processing of the ends, because it is from there that the pest usually penetrates.
- The surface should be primed before painting. Firstly, the primer reduces paint consumption, and secondly, it helps to increase the life of the window, playing the role of an antiseptic.
- It is recommended to paint in several layers.
- Outside the window is being painted special paint for outdoor work, but from the inside you can use any.
It is quite possible to make a wooden window with your own hands. Its quality will not be like that of a factory model, but it will cost much less.
The need for self-manufacturing of windows arises in cases where window openings in a building under construction custom shape with an arbitrary number of doors and original fittings.
Making wooden window frames with your own hands is not so difficult, given that suitable materials on domestic market more than enough. Naturally, one must have experience working with wood in order for the result to be neat and not inferior to conveyor products.
Advantages of wooden blocks
Window blocks as structural elements of the structures under construction ultimately determine the comfort and coziness in residential premises. At the same time, they are not so complicated that it would be impossible to try to make wooden windows with your own hands.
It is easiest to understand the specifics of wooden structures after familiarizing yourself with their characteristics and the advantages associated with them:
- aesthetic design, manifested in the features of the wood structure;
- good compatibility with any modern interiors and attractive appearance
- the ability to pass air, excluding fogging of glasses;
- originality of wooden windows and increased functionality.
Currently internal spaces houses and apartments are most often furnished with furniture made of precious species, in perfect harmony with wooden window structures. Plastic double-glazed window not able to bring into the home that feeling of warmth and comfort, which create selected varieties of living wood.
It should also be noted that the self-selection composition of the structure, which makes it possible to obtain wooden window blocks creating an atmosphere of lightness and airiness in the house.
Features of Russian and European windows
According to the features design all known samples of wooden windows are conditionally divided into several subspecies. Let's consider each of them in more detail.
Firstly, these are purely Russian windows, the peculiarity of which is the presence of a separate wooden part, consisting of a base (box) and two glazed sashes.
Note! The base of Russian windows is not made from traditional wooden beams, but from solid pine.
The disadvantages of such products include poor resistance to possible deformations and the inability to ensure a tight fit of the sashes to the window frame. The ventilation mode in the blocks, as a rule, is absent.
Secondly, they distinguish the so-called German windows, which are sometimes called European (by the origin of the fittings installed on them). In these designs, it is possible to adjust not only the height, but also the angle of inclination of the valves, and there are also built-in locking mechanisms.
This category also includes eurowindows familiar to many, which, in addition to window frame, includes a sash made in the form of a two-chamber glass package with a minimum of heat loss. It does not require too much effort to open it, and caring for such a window is not at all burdensome for housewives.
This type of wood products is very reliable, retains heat well indoors and is durable (the service life of wooden euro windows can exceed 60 years). Their durability is explained by the three-layer bar included in the block, which is resistant to deformation and temperature fluctuations.
Combination of wood and aluminum
To the listed options, one should add window structures, the base of the frame of which is aluminum, closed from the outside with decorative wooden linings. Thanks to this combination, these products have even longer (compared to the euro) service life and do not need constant painting. This type of frame blocks is rarely used in practice, due to the high cost of the raw material and the complexity of assembly.
Finnish variant
Do not forget about the so-called Finnish windows, which are characterized by the presence of a wide box and a pair of sashes that open sequentially one after the other. At the same time, one simple glass is inserted into the sash adjacent to the street, and internal construction carried out with a view to single-chamber double-glazed window. In the production of external sashes, not only wood, but also the same aluminum can be used.
Both sashes are mounted on a solid wood base using a sequential opening mechanism. Windows made according to Finnish technology are quite attractive, but in comparison with their German counterparts, they noticeably lose to them in terms of quality.
DIY tools
Before self-manufacturing the simplest wooden window, you need to take care of the following mandatory tools and materials:
- an electric drill and a not very large hammer;
- glass cutter, as well as a locksmith set (chisel, planer and chisel);
- screwdriver and electric jigsaw or milling cutter;
- glued oak or pine timber, necessary for the manufacture of a wooden window box;
- special wood glue and a set of glazing beads of different sizes;
- hardware (self-tapping screws, dowels) and sealant.
Upon completion of all preparations necessary tools, blanks and Supplies you can go directly to the assembly of the window block, manufactured according to the simplest scheme.
Material selection
Before proceeding with the manufacture of a wooden structure, it is necessary to choose the right material for the box and frame. Most suitable option V this case is a pine, which contains a lot of resin components that provide the structure with strength and resistance to moisture.
Naturally, oak is much better quality, but its high cost should be taken into account. For a simple summer resident, an ordinary pine is quite enough, from which the blanks of the future wooden window will be made.
When choosing a material, you also need to consider that the box is part of load-bearing structure, which accounts for a large part of the load. Therefore, pine blanks should not contain large knots and voids that reduce the strength characteristics of softwood.
At the same time, the possibility of using glued laminated timber with high strength properties and long service life.
Box manufacturing
For the manufacture of the box, sometimes boards with a size of 15 by 5 cm are enough, in the blanks of which a 1.5-centimeter grooved hole in the form of the letter G is equipped. All individual components of the structure are fastened with wood glue and additionally with a wooden rod at least 30 mm long. This fastening element is a key link that fixes all the components of the future box.
Upon completion of its assembly, the box is installed in a pre-prepared for installation window hole. This procedure boils down to making mounting holes in the wall, inserting dowels into them and fixing the wooden box with self-tapping screws. To seal the joints between the wall and the block, as well as to seal the gaps, ordinary polyurethane foam is used.
window frame construction
Before the construction of a wooden window frame, first of all, it is necessary to prepare its drawing or sketch.
It can be seen from the drawing that for the manufacture of the frame, a beam with a standard size of 50 x 50 mm is required. This size may vary depending on the overall dimensions of the window and the requirements for structural strength. Its profile is selected in accordance with the thickness and set of glass installed in the frame.
So, if it is supposed to use a single-glass profile, it will be enough to make two grooves in it rectangular shape as in the drawing. At more glasses of such pairs of grooves will be several.
Glass installation
In order to avoid the formation of condensate, as well as to eliminate such an unpleasant phenomenon as cold bridges, it is necessary to correctly select the dimensions of the glass installed in the frame.
Important! The maximum deviation from the norm, permissible in the process of taking measurements, is 1 mm.
For high-quality cutting of glass cloths, you will need diamond glass cutter, and for the subsequent polishing of their edges, stock up on fine-grained sandpaper.
In conclusion, we note that upon completion of the assembly operations, all docking zones are sealed with mounting foam, and after it dries, the walls are covered with a layer of plaster. finishing touch finishing works- installation of platbands and window sills. They can also be made of wood so as not to disturb the harmony of the ensemble.
