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Electric instantaneous water heaters. How to choose a good instantaneous electric water heater

Residents of multi-family dwellings often experience power outages hot water. Scheduled repairs in summer time, which are held by utilities, sometimes last for more than one week. During such periods, people have to experience a number of inconveniences. For those who are not ready to put up with the lack of hot water, a water heater will be the solution to the problem. There are many types of water heaters on the market today. It's important not to make a mistake choosing a water heater for an apartment, because hot water should be enough for all domestic needs. Most often, people choose between flow and storage devices. To understand which water heater is best suited for your apartment, you need to study and compare all the strengths and weak sides models of each type.

Algorithm for choosing a water heater

First of all, you need to clearly define what exactly you need:

- uninterrupted supply of hot water for the kitchen;

A device capable of providing a family with hot water for the period of scheduled outages of centralized water supply;

- permanent source hot water in the apartment.

After analyzing the needs, it is easier to make right choice.

It is important to pay Special attention the choice of the type of water heater, as it will depend on the availability of one or another type of energy carrier, as well as its cost. It is necessary to select the desired volume of the device (the larger the volume, the longer the service life).

When choosing a water heater, it is better to give preference to trusted manufacturers with a good reputation and a fairly long warranty period.

It is worth considering immediately where and how the water heater will be installed, taking into account its dimensions and technical requirements to installation (there are different modifications: horizontal, vertical, floor, etc.).

You also need to think about the installation of the device will be carried out on your own or it is better to leave this occupation to specialists.

Classification of water heaters

On modern market a huge range of models and corresponding types of domestic class water heaters are presented.

According to the type of energy source for heating water, they are:

Gas;

Electrical.

Electric water heaters according to the principle of operation are distinguished:

Flow-through;

Cumulative;

Flow-accumulative.

According to the installation method, water heaters are divided into:

Horizontal;

vertical;

Floor.

Gas equipment for heating water is more suitable for the private sector than for installation in modern apartments(domestic wiring ventilation ducts does not provide for high-quality removal of exhaust flue gases from the combustion of gas fuel). That is why in apartments multi-storey buildings, most often install electric boilers to provide the family with the necessary amount of hot water for domestic purposes.

Let's take a closer look at electric water heaters. By outward signs All water heaters are the same. Often, these devices have a rectangular or cylindrical shape. On the front surface there is a knob for temperature control. Storage water heaters differ from the rest, mainly in their impressive size (especially in cases where the model is designed for a large amount of water). Flow-accumulating heaters are endowed with the advantages of both types of water heating equipment.

Electric water heaters

An electric water heater is equipped with a heating element - a heating element that heats up when the device is connected to the mains. Most often, it is a copper tube into which a nichrome spiral is mounted. Next, we will consider in more detail the types of electric heaters according to the principle of operation.

Flowing electric heaters

Instantaneous water heater- This is a compact device that can instantly (from 30 seconds to several minutes) heat water in unlimited quantities. The high performance of such a device is determined by the principle of its operation. Cold water, entering the water heater, instantly heats up to 45-60 ° C, passing through the flask and the heating element built into the device - heating element. Fast heating is facilitated by the high power of the copper heating element, which is installed in the compact body of the device. The instantaneous water heater copes well with the task of providing hot water in the case of operation of only one draw-off point (otherwise, the water flowing through the device will not have time to warm up to desired temperature). It is advisable to install such heaters in new houses in which reliable wiring is installed.

This equipment does not require frequent thorough maintenance and can last for several years. Therefore, flow models are good decision the issue of short-term lack of hot water supply in houses and apartments.

Storage (capacitive) water heaters

Storage boilers- the best option for those who like to take a shower or relax in warm bath. Storage (capacitive) water heaters are best used in cases where the load on the power grid should be limited. The advantage of such equipment against the background of "protochnik" is that all models can operate from a conventional outlet with a voltage of 220 volts (at the same time, the power of household appliances is only 2-3 kW, which is comparable to the power of conventional electric kettles that are used in almost every home ). It is important to emphasize that low power consumption does not affect the performance of the water heater.

Externally, electric water heaters have identical rectangular or cylindrical shapes. Boilers of small volume are installed horizontally or vertically, large - on the floor. Models for 10, 30, 50, 80 liters for an apartment take up little space. 150 or 300 liter water heaters are used for private houses and require more space for installation.

In the tank, which is filled with water, there is a heating element (installed in an internally equipped tank), which heats the water to a predetermined temperature (35-85ºС), after which it automatically turns off. Water heated to the maximum set temperature of 85 degrees, retains its parameters for three hours. The time for heating water to 60 degrees is about an hour (depending on the power of the heating element). With a gradual cooling by 0.5 ° C, the water heater turns on again and, in a gentle mode, heats the water again to the required temperature. This mode of operation of the device allows you to save energy. The time it takes to heat up depends on the power of the heating element and the volume of the tank.

! To reduce heat loss between the tank and the outer casing, thermal insulation is laid.

It is worth emphasizing that the storage water heater simultaneously provides hot water to all water points that are in the apartment. Household appliances with large tanks will allow not only to wash the dishes, but also to soak in the bath for all family members.

What should be considered when choosing a storage boiler?

Often it is quite difficult for buyers when choosing the volume of the boiler. It is important here to calculate the need for hot water as accurately as possible so as not to experience a shortage of it and at the same time not to force the device to idle, heating an excess volume of liquid. It should also be taken into account that the rate of water heating depends on the volume of the tank (for example, in a 10-liter container, water will heat up to 45 ° C in 10 minutes, and in a 100-liter container, in 4 hours). Based on the number of water points that are available in the house, you can roughly calculate the water consumption per person. The result obtained must be multiplied by the number of family members, and you will get the approximate volume of the water heater tank.

In addition, when choosing a water heater, consider the availability of free space in the bathroom or toilet (most often these are placed there). Appliances). To save usable space in these rooms, you can pay attention to horizontal placement models that are installed under the ceiling. Choose a boiler with a body, the appearance of which will successfully fit into the interior of the room (this, of course, is not paramount, but also important).

Instantaneous storage water heaters

Flow-accumulative water heaters are universal water heaters that combine all best performance both those and other devices. Such water heaters are capable of operating in two modes, and their compactness and low weight (no more than 6 kg), ease of installation attract many buyers who need water heating equipment for summer cottages and private houses. The size of the tanks in such devices ranges from 10 to 30 liters, which is quite enough for vacationers outside the city.

Water heater operation parameters

Before making a choice in favor of a particular water heater for an apartment, you should carefully study its three main parameters:

Heating element power;

The volume of the internal tank;

The value of heat loss values.

Heating element power

The power of the heating element is directly related to the rate of water heating.

Here it is worth explaining that a boiler with a heating element power of less than 2 kW heats water for a long time in its internal volume.

A short PETN tube reduces the heat transfer area, and thereby increases the heating temperature of its surface. This fact contributes to the formation of scale on the heating element, which worsens the overall heat transfer and increases the heating time of the same volume of water.

Optimal for showering and kitchen needs will be a boiler with a power of up to 8 kW and a volume of 80 - 100 liters. In this case, during installation, it will be necessary to bring a separate machine to the shield and provide a grounding system.

For those who like to soak in a hot bath, it is better to opt for tanks with a volume of 150 - 300 liters with a power of 13 to 27 kW. At the same time, accordingly, certain conditions must be observed.

The combination of volume, weight, quality of the water heater

The volume of internal storage tanks of boilers can be different: 10, 30, 50, 80, 100, 150, 300, 500, 1000 liters. Their quality directly depends on the ratio of weight and cost parameters.

The thicker the metal walls of the inner tank of the boiler, the longer it will last (with an increase in the pressure of the flow of incoming water into the inner tank, the internal expansion of the walls decreases) . Therefore, the only conclusion here is that the heavier the boiler, the better it is.

As for the cost, it can be emphasized here that cheap water heaters are designed for periodic and short-term use (rather for safety net at times of shutdown centralized system hot water supply). They conscientiously work out their warranty resource, but nothing more. Inexpensive water heaters cool down quickly, use more electricity, and accumulate more scale.

Heat loss

Heat loss during operation of an electric water heater depends on the thickness of its internal heat-insulating layer. In high-quality storage water heaters, this layer is made of 35 mm high-performance polyurethane foam. This material holds well optimal temperature at 55 - 60 degrees for a long time. Therefore, based on this factor, it is logical to emphasize that with a sufficiently large heat-insulating layer, the water in the boiler cools down more slowly and heats up faster.

One can, as a conclusion, single out

The main advantages and disadvantages of each type of electric water heaters

flowing electric water heater

Instant water heating;

Compact dimensions (they can be easily installed and moved to a new location);

Uneconomical (high power consumption);

They have high power from 3 to 24 kW (this creates a significant additional load on the power grid);

You need a separate electrical cable and a circuit breaker on the electrical panel.

Accumulative electric water heater

Profitability (small energy consumption);

Large supply of hot water;

Ease of installation (no additional wiring);

It takes time to heat the water (the boiler must be turned on in advance);

Sufficiently large dimensions (it is necessary to accurately determine and measure the installation site).

As you can see, the choice of water heaters is quite large. Having studied the necessary information about the existing types of water heating equipment, it will be easier to make the right choice of a boiler for your apartment. Finally, I would like to recommend paying attention to trusted manufacturers with a good reputation and warranty.

Many are accustomed to the fact that the centralized supply of hot water can be stopped for more than one day. So why endure it if you can become absolutely independent by installing a storage water heater? In this article, you can learn in detail about the different types of electric water heaters, their device, the principle of operation, as well as understand all the pros and cons.

This information will be useful to absolutely everyone, especially if the municipal authorities are not able to supply hot water to your area. But to complete the overall picture, I will also tell you about instantaneous electric water heaters, which serve as an alternative to storage water heaters.

The main device and principle of operation of electric heaters

Several types of electric heaters fall into this category, which we will discuss separately. Each of them has a unique heating device, although they all have a common goal. Many of us are used to calling everything boilers, but this is wrong. In fact, a boiler is only a generalizing meaning, and translated from English means “boiler”.

Therefore, it is necessary to correctly classify electric water heaters as follows:

1. Storage electric heaters.
2. Running water heaters.
3. Boilers of indirect heating.

Looking at their structure and principle of operation, it is already possible to form a definite opinion, namely, the size and cost of the structure. Most buyers of such devices want them not only to do their job, but also to have a compact size. Well, now you will see everything.

Electric boiler device

This device is one of the cheapest, most popular and widespread. They have appeared on our market for a very long time, so many saw them clearly. This storage electric water heater has a very simple device, consisting of several key elements. In appearance, this is an ordinary enameled tank, equipped with a sensor and a device for connecting pipes. But inside it is very efficient system heating. In the diagram below, you can see the basic principle of most storage boilers.

Now let's take a closer look at each element involved in the workflow.

1. Water supply device. As you may have guessed from the title, this device designed to provide water access to the boiler tank. There is a valve inside it, and as soon as the filling sensor is triggered, the water supply automatically stops.
2. A heating element or a tubular electric heater is the main heating device made in the form of a metal tube. Inside it is a nichrome thread that has a certain degree of resistance, depending on the required power. It is surrounded by a heat-conducting insulator, so it is not afraid of external influences, and the mode temperature does not drop quickly.

1. magnesium anode. It is a kind of "lightning rod" that protects not from lightning, but from corrosion. The vast majority of storage electric boilers are made of metal, which is susceptible to corrosion. As soon as the water inside the tank begins to heat up, oxygen will be released, which will start the process of metal oxidation.
   The magnesium anode has a more active degree of exposure to oxygen, therefore, the released air will primarily interact with it without touching the walls of the tank.

Having bought an electric boiler, be sure to pay attention to the condition of the magnesium anode during operation. If it becomes completely covered with rust, but try to replace it soon. Without a magnesium anode, the life of the boiler will be significantly reduced. Approximate replacement time is 1 time in 2-3 years.

1. Enameled tank. Designed for storage warm water, can be made of enameled steel, plastic or just stainless steel. Despite all the protective layers, the inner coating is susceptible to corrosion. Everything will depend on the time of operation, as well as the quality of the water. In the photo you can see a great example of such a tank:

1. Water intake tube. It is intended for selection of hot water from the upper part, concentrating cold water in the lower part near the heater.
2. Thermal insulation. Allows you to keep the temperature of heated water for a long time.
3. Water heater body. It has decorative properties and can be absolutely anything, depending on the manufacturer.

The general principle of operation and the device of this type of water heater are quite easy to describe. Cold water is heated in the lower part to 75°C, and then, thanks to the water intake, it is supplied to the upper part. If there is no water intake, the heater continues to maintain this temperature. You can open the faucet at any time and get access to hot water that has warmed up during this time.

But you can not keep the boiler on all the time, you need to turn it off from time to time. This will help you not only save money, but also extend its life.

The device has a protective system that prevents the temperature from heating above 85°. If this happens, the boiler will automatically turn off. But basically, 55 ° C is considered the optimal mode for operation.

Indirect heating device system

I'll tell you about indirect heating only partially, as an introduction, since it is not electrical system as such. By itself, such a system does not have an independent heating device at all. This is just one of the elements of hot water supply using a boiler.

In principle, the system is intended for a large number of consumers, as well as for heating rooms. Therefore, it is used in private homes, or in enterprises.

The principle of operation is based on heat exchange between the temperature difference of different containers. But in order for the temperature to be stable, such a boiler must heat it above the required level. The boiler itself serves only as a kind of “support”, which is its device:

As you can see for yourself, a boiler is basically more capacity than a full-fledged heating device. All the main functions are performed by other devices, up to the circulation of water.

Instantaneous electric water heaters

Flowing electric heaters radically differ from accumulative not only in appearance, but also in the principle of operation. They are designed to quickly heat running water and do not have any containers for storing it. Main principle operation is based on a powerful heating element (thermal electric heater) installed in the device, which is capable of instantly heating the supplied water.

The device of an electric instantaneous water heater consists of:

• switch relay;
• valves and water connection systems;
• regulators;
• TEN and breaker.

It is able to maintain the set temperature for a long time, while there is a flow. Also, the device is equipped with safety elements designed to work in case of malfunctions. General form You can see the entire system in this diagram:

Due to the high consumption of electricity, the water heating system copes with the task in a matter of seconds. She appeared much later than other heating devices, but quickly gained her fans. However, not everything is as “smooth” with her as it seems, and further on I will tell you why.

Advantages and disadvantages of different types of electric heaters

As I said above, each of these devices has its own advantages and disadvantages. Many of them are not only obvious, but also hidden, so inexperienced buyers can make mistakes when choosing.

Pros and cons of storage heaters

The electric storage heater used to be really considered one of the best devices for heating water. It is quite economical, does not take up much space, and most importantly - has an affordable price.

I suggest you look at all the advantages:

1. Easy mounting method compared to other devices.
2. Moderate price.
3. Ease and convenience in use.
4. Safety.
5. Small consumption of electricity.

But despite this series good benefits, not without serious shortcomings:

1. Lack of heating capacity. Often, if a family consumes a large amount of water, then the boiler must be constantly heated, since there is simply not enough hot water for everyone.
2. "Floating" service life. Of course, this term mainly depends on the manufacturer, but also big role plays water quality and user maintenance. If the anode is not replaced in time and the water quality is too low, the boiler will not last long.
3. Dimensions. This term is a little controversial since it all depends on the chosen capacity. But anyway, the boiler takes large area, in comparison with geysers and other devices.
4. Expectation. Before using it, you need to wait for the water to heat up.

In general, most of the shortcomings rest on the volume of the tank and the guaranteed quality of the manufacturer. Therefore, we can safely say that this device is worth your attention.

Pros and cons of instantaneous water heater

Instantaneous water heater is one of the most modern devices for heating water.

Thanks to a powerful electric heating element, you get hot water almost in a matter of seconds, but its advantages do not end there:

1. Compact dimensions. Instantaneous water heaters occupy the smallest area and are the smallest water heating devices.
2. Easy installation. If you are familiar with connecting electrical devices and holding power cable, then you can connect the device with your own hands.
3. Convenient adjustment. You can adjust the water temperature almost instantly, and the switch is often located on the device itself.

Now let's move on to the disadvantages, since these devices are also not without them:

1. For use, it is necessary to install a circuit breaker, as well as to run a separate electrical cable.
2. They are not the most economical device because they consume a lot of electrics. Devices with a power of 2 kW are often not able to heat more than 2 liters of hot water per minute. For stable operation, it is best to install devices with a power of 5 kW.
3. Price. As I said, their cost is relatively higher than the cost of ordinary boilers.

If you are satisfied with all these conventions, then you can safely be interested in instantaneous water heaters.

How to choose the right storage heater

If you decide to choose storage water heaters, then you definitely need to learn some useful tips for choosing them. First of all, you need to calculate the amount of water consumed. We will build on this indicator when choosing the capacity of the boiler. Naturally, the larger the capacity, the more hot water we will get. However, do not forget that the more water - the longer it will heat up.

Having decided on the capacity, find the place where the boiler will be installed and mark it. Consider the volume of the tank, the approximate type of construction, as well as the conduct for connecting water.

Now the last point remains - the choice of the manufacturer and the material of the tank. IN this case it all depends on your Money. Read reviews about manufacturers, as well as the guarantees they give on this product. plastic tanks they are not subject to corrosion, however, unlike enameled ones, they have poor interaction with thermal insulation.

Such is simple instruction will help you in the future to avoid the troubles associated with both the purchase and operation of boilers.

Grand total

After reading the article, have you already convinced that storage electric heaters are one of the most economical devices for heating water? Not only do they have a comparatively low price, but they are also very easy to install. The main thing is to make the right choice and calculate all the parameters according to your requirements. And the video in this article will help you delve even deeper into this topic. If you have any questions, you can leave them in the comments below the article.

Nowadays, the issue of providing their homes with hot water worries both apartment owners and those who live in country houses. There are many devices available for sale. different brands, among which special place occupy flow heaters. What should you be aware of in order not to make a mistake with the choice of equipment?

The principle of operation of instantaneous water heaters

If we describe the operation of running water heaters, then it is as follows: entering the apparatus from the water supply, the liquid is sent to a special chamber equipped with a heating element. It has water in it heated up to a certain temperature and then moves into a special crane. It is important to note that it does not accumulate anywhere, therefore, the design of the heater does not provide for a special container. Thanks to this, such heaters are so small in size that they can be easily placed in the kitchen or bathroom, where there is usually not much space.

Flow heaters are distinguished by the fact that they are able to heat water to the required temperature in a minimum time. Moreover, it does not have to be accumulated. Thanks to such installations, it is no longer possible to look at the capacity of other devices that can supply only a certain amount of hot water.

Another feature of a flowing water heater is that electricity is consumed only at the moment when water passes through it. As a result no need to wait water heating - the device is turned on only when the tap is opened, from which only hot water necessarily comes.

All electric flow heaters offered today can be divided into two types:

• non-pressure;
• pressure.

The former are best installed in the showers of country houses. Among the advantages of such heaters is the low consumption of electricity, and the main disadvantage is small power. As for pressure models, they are distinguished by versatility. When choosing these heaters, it should be borne in mind that they have either an inlet or an outlet for water. At the moment, both electric and gas heaters can be found on the market. However, the latter have a specific purpose, which is expressed in their features.

Regardless of the choice, each such device demonstrates ease of use. They can be successfully used for city apartments and small country houses. As a rule, there are no big difficulties with their connection. Given that they run on electricity, the owner does not have to think about laying additional networks. It is not uncommon for them to be used as a full-fledged alternative to mixers: this becomes possible because they allow very precise temperature control. Thanks to this, there are no difficulties in controlling the operation of the device.

Like all other devices of a similar purpose, water heaters there are both advantages and disadvantages. In this regard, before making a final decision, one should study their features and decide which of the available models can most effectively solve the tasks.

Types of water heaters: pros and cons

At the moment, the domestic consumer has the opportunity to buy different water heaters. In addition to the already mentioned flow-through boilers, this list can also include boilers, which are storage tanks where the liquid is heated. However, the choice of such devices is not limited to this.

Gas flow heaters

A feature of these devices should be called the fact that here the functions of the element that performs water heating laid on a gas burner. If we talk about the advantages of such equipment, then they should include:

• small dimensions of the burner;
• the design does not require equipping the device with a water storage tank;
• both the bathroom and the kitchen near the faucet can act as a place for installing the device.

At the same time, similar The device is not devoid of disadvantages:

• has a small power, which takes time to heat the water to a high temperature;
• the performance of the device has a certain threshold.

Thus, gas flow heaters will become great choice for an apartment, but in a private house they will not be able to satisfy all needs.

Therefore, if you plan to purchase this model for a summer residence, then it should be 2-3 devices. During installation gas equipment you should definitely take care of the presence of a chimney to avoid the risk to life while working with gas.

Instantaneous electric water heater

Owners of apartments and ordinary country houses should think about buying such devices. Similar Choice can be attributed to the merit that these water heaters have:

• small dimensions, which makes it possible to choose any place for installation;
• it takes seconds to heat the water to the required temperature, the owner can choose any desired heating temperature;
• the heater can be equipped with a heating element of any power, which will also affect the cost of electricity;
• such devices can work without a chimney, the device of which is mandatory for a gas water heater.

Flaws, which are inherent in these devices, can also affect the final decision:

• one of the disadvantages of these devices should be called a large energy intensity, since the heating element is faced with the task of heating a significant amount of water in a minimum of time;
• the above disadvantage is not so noticeable if devices with a small capacity are used. However, when operating flow models with a heating element with a power equal to at least 10-12 kW, electricity consumption can seriously increase.

Thus, it is the power of the water heater that determines how much electricity it will consume. You should pay attention to this parameter at the time of purchase. Certain restrictions apply for private houses, as electric type heaters can be installed due to their power. Perfect for city apartments low power models where they do their job well.

Gas storage heaters

Feature of gas boilers, which represent storage heater class, lies in the excellent performance parameters. Their main advantages are the following:

At the same time, they also have disadvantages, which include large dimensions. A specially equipped room should be allocated for the heater tanks. If the installation is carried out in a private house, then the tank can be placed in the basement or in a special boiler room. But the kitchen or bathroom is not suitable for its installation.

Thus, it is possible to install such water heaters only with sufficient space, since they require a lot useful place. During installation, be sure to take care of creating a chimney.

Electrical storage

A feature of such electric boilers should be called ease of installation, the ability to heat water to the required temperature. Among the main advantages are the following:

• low electricity consumption, not exceeding 10 kW;
• no connection problems.

If we talk about the shortcomings of this equipment, then first of all the following should be noted:

• significant dimensions of the storage tank, which forces it to be placed in a specially designated place;
• great weight.

Thus, when choosing electric storage heaters, you should be prepared for the fact that for their installation you will have to allocate a special place. In most cases, consumers prefer electric instantaneous heaters, guided by their small size, the need to allocate little usable area for it, which is especially important for owners small houses and apartments.

Considering that the capabilities of a free-flow heater do not allow it to provide a large volume of water, the shower heads that come with it have very small openings to create the most powerful jet. If the water in the pipes has a high hardness, then you should regularly process nozzles with a descaling solution. Otherwise, a plug will form there, which will inevitably lead to overheating of the device.

There are many non-pressure instantaneous water heaters on the market with a small capacity, which were created taking into account their use in countries with a warm climate, in which there are not too large average annual temperature fluctuations.

Overview of brands and manufacturers

If you get acquainted with the market of electric water heaters, then the largest representation belongs to such brands:

1. Electrolux and Timberk (Sweden);
2. AEG, Clage (Germany);
3. Thermex (Italy);
4. Redring (England);
5. Kospel (Poland).

Let's compare the characteristics and prices of some famous brands.

Electrolux.

The company's product range includes several series of heaters that differ in performance and have additional functions.

The models of this brand are characterized by the presence of an effective heating element, made in the form of a spiral, which has protection against scale. The price for the most affordable models starts from 5200-6700 rubles. A feature of expensive models is the presence of a highly intelligent control system. This is the MULTYTRONIC model.

Instantaneous electric water heaters Thermex.

In the devices offered by this manufacturer, the heating element has a special ceramic filler, and a flask made of high-quality copper is also provided. This company offers devices, the main advantage of which is the best value for money. For example, STREAM water heaters are available to the consumer at a price of 2050 rubles.

Instantaneous electric water heaters Kospel

The basis of the assortment of the manufacturer from Poland is represented by system models, which are complemented by brands of non-pressure heaters, representing the STREAM and EPJ series. The design of these devices uses elements made using brass and copper. High Quality, which provide them with a long service life during contact with water. Among the advantages of instantaneous water heaters of this manufacturer should be attributed attractive design, modern look and low maintenance costs service maintenance. As for prices, the most affordable models cost from 7999 rubles, and the most expensive ones - 18999 rubles.

Summing up

After you calculate the power of the future water heater, you need to do the following before you go to the store:

So you do not have to spend additional time, effort and money.

It is difficult to imagine comfortable living in a house or apartment, in the complete absence of hot water. The best option housing will be equipped with modern water heaters.

Products are distinguished by impeccable quality, compactness and a variety of advantageous characteristics. Profitable and practical purchase will give long-term operation.

Technical description of electric heaters

Water heaters are available in a wide range of models and configurations. Technical equipment fully complies with high requirements and standards.

Manufacturers apply latest developments and technological equipment for creating high quality cutting edge products.

Water heaters that use electrical energy as a power source are represented by two types:

1. Flowing water heaters.
2. Storage heaters (boilers).

The principle of operation of instantaneous water heaters

The operation of instantaneous water heaters consists in the passage of water through a special reservoir in which a heating element is installed, where it heated up to a certain temperature. The device completely lacks storage capacity.

After heating, the water flows through the faucet already hot. The main advantage of such electric heaters is their compactness, which allows installation in rooms with a small area.

The device will not take up much space and will organically fit into the interior of the room. The main advantage of an electrical product is fast heating to the required temperature.

The storage tank is not required at all, the water heats up instantly and not limited by volume. The amount of liquid used will not affect the temperature at all.

An indisputable advantage is efficiency of the device, because energy consumption occurs exclusively during use. The heating element works only when hot water is supplied when the tap is opened. It is also not necessary to wait for heating of large volumes for a long time.

Types of designs of flow heaters

Instantaneous water heaters depending on design features can be divided into two types: pressureless and forceful.

The second kind is electric pressure water heaters, differ in special universality, allowing to apply in any conditions. This characteristic is achieved thanks to a simple design, which provides for a connected inlet and outlet for water.

Instantaneous water heaters are easy to use and optimal solution for apartments or country houses with a small area. Installation work on installation and connection is quite simple, does not require much time.

High-quality and uninterrupted operation of the device does not require special wiring of additional electrical networks.

The product is capable of profitable replace mixer, because it is enough just to set desired temperature water supply, conveniently using it for domestic needs. The purchase of a certain type of water heater depends on individual characteristics and needs, so the right choice should take into account specific conditions.

It is necessary to clearly measure the pros and cons of electrical devices, the feasibility of using structures.

The choice of instantaneous water heater

Instantaneous water heater organically fit into small areas of premises apartment buildings providing reliable hot water supply.

When choosing a product, you will need to pay special attention to power. The heater performs the function running water heating, so the minimum power rating is at least 3 kW.

About three liters of liquid passes through the heating element within a minute, which should heat up to 35 degrees. Comfortable use is possible with the recommended power of the heating element, which reaches 7–10 kW.

The flow heater device consists of the following parts:

• outer case;
• heating elements;
• contactor;
• switch;
• cold water inlet;
• outlet for hot water.

The body of a quality water heater should be as stable as possible to the effects of temperatures and various aggressive substances contained in the water. Best Choice an enameled container is considered. Products made of propylene and copper also have sufficient strength and reliability.

Modern electrical models equipped special protection of the heating element from scale formation. An anode is installed that can work for 6-7 years, after which it needs to be replaced.

If the cost of the flow device exceeds financial capabilities, you can purchase bulk option heater.

In this design, water enters the bulk method, which is noticeable saves energy costs, due to the lower power of the heating element. Bulk water heaters are used most often in the country, as it gets into the spout cold water by lowering the temperature.

Typical variations of water heaters: advantages and disadvantages

A wide range of electrical devices is characterized by a huge species diversity. Heater models are presented flow and storage devices.

Having become acquainted with functional features products, you can more accurately determine the most suitable option.

Advantages of installing an instantaneous water heater:

1. Compactness (the size and shape of the water heater allows installation in almost any convenient place).
2. Instantaneous heating of water (possibility of adjustment and the required temperature level).
3. The choice of the power of the heating element (energy costs directly depend on the power of the heating element).
4. Does not require constant maintenance.
5. There is no need for a chimney (simple installation).

Disadvantages of a flowing water heater:

• electricity costs (a powerful heating element must quickly heat sufficiently large volumes of water);
• hot water supply is possible only with uninterrupted water supply (there is no storage tank);
• stable pressure is required when supplying water;
• providing hot water from only one source.

Should be considered high level of energy intensity instantaneous water heater, especially in dwellings with a set limit. Power consumption restrictions can be a major barrier to installing powerful devices. It is optimal to use electric heaters of low power in apartments of multi-storey buildings.

Electric storage water heater

Storage heaters are simple and convenient installation, comfort of use. Just set the required temperature.

Tanks of various volumes will allow you to choose a certain volume of water for optimal use.

The main advantages of electric storage heaters are:

• Easy installation.
• Profitability.
• Wide range of models.
• Protection against scale and corrosion.
• Automatic thermostat.
• Long-term preservation of water temperature.
• Work with several points of use of hot water at the same time.

Among the disadvantages are:

1. Significant product weight.
2. Large tank sizes.
3. Systematic maintenance.
4. Limited amount of water.
5. Waiting for heating.

The storage heater will the best choice for large volumes of consumption. You will definitely need to think in advance about the volume of the boiler and the place of installation, which will allow you to install it, taking into account the dimensions of the product.

Water from this type of device enters the bathroom and kitchen. Heating is activated from the moment of switching on, or turns on automatically when the temperature of the liquid in the tank drops.

Storage water heater device

Design storage water heater includes:

High-quality casing and thermal insulation will reliably keep the water temperature in the tank up to two days after the heater is turned off. storage tank carefully covered with thermal insulation, made of metal, stainless steel, in rare cases, plastic.

The materials must be comply with safety standards and ecology. The surface of the container is given special attention, because it is constantly affected by thermal expansion. Special coatings ensure the durability of the product.

Storage electric boilers are presented huge variety of forms. Flat shaped units can be equipped with two small tanks, which results in a shallow footprint.

Cylindrical tanks belong to standard devices, are simple and affordable. Elongated long forms of heaters are optimally placed in the corners of the premises, while maintaining sufficient volume and length, and have a small diameter. Horizontal units can even be installed under the ceiling.

There are two types of electric heating element:

• submersible (subject to the appearance and accumulation of scale);
• dry (heater is in a special enameled tube).

Scale deposits adversely affect the heating element, reducing the heating capacity, causing overheating, and in the future can cause a breakdown. The second option is much more durable, thanks to protective coating from scale.

The number of electric heaters depends on the power of the device. Equipping the structure with a magnesium anode protects the tank from corrosion. The service life of this element can reach five years.

In private houses, cottages, with frequent interruptions, or a complete lack of hot water supply, an electric storage heater will solve all problems. Quality boiler very easy to install, its dimensions depend on the volume, so you can choose an individually suitable version of the tank.

Storage heater selection

Proper and high-quality installation of a storage water heater requires careful consideration of all the nuances and limitations. Insufficient pressure in the centralized water supply network can become a serious obstacle to the installation of the device, because the products closed type require the presence of at least a clearly established indicator of six atmospheres.

It is very important to take into account the degree of water pollution and take care in advance about installing special filters on the inlet pipe. A low-quality liquid with a high content of rust, aggressive substances, salts can cause serious damage and lead to a complete failure of the device.

The combination of a well-thought-out location of the boiler and the correct choice of the shape and dimensions of the device will give convenient and long-term operation. Modern electrical units equipped with technological mechanisms, which endow the device with the most high class protection.

The original shapes and configurations of the heaters will favorably fit into stylish interior rooms, making it possible to place in any corner of the room.

Electric water heaters have many positive features that make life much more comfortable. Ease of operation of the device, safety, reliability and durability of materials brought this piece of equipment to a whole new level.

Installing electric water heaters can be optimal solution many problems associated with temporary or permanent lack of hot water supply.

Flowing electric water heaters have one advantage compared to storage devices: they are compact, because they do not have a water storage tank. This perfect option for giving. What to look for when choosing?

Phase and power

Before purchasing a instantaneous water heater for a summer residence, determine which device you need: single-phase or three-phase? Water heaters with a power of up to 12 kW are suitable for a single-phase line, for devices from 12 kW a connection to a three-phase line is required.

To calculate the power of the water heater, it is necessary to determine how many liters of water will be consumed in one minute. Estimate your water needs, and then multiply the number of liters by 2. That is, if the water flow is 10 liters per minute, then a 20 kW device will be required. This power is enough to provide warm water baths or showers. For washing hands and dishes, 4 liters per minute, or 8 kW, is enough.

With pressure or without?

For giving a flowing electric water heater without pressure is an ideal choice. It is designed to work with a single point of intake, and in the kit you can always find a nozzle for a faucet or shower. The downside is that you can only use the parts that were in the kit. Such water heaters are designed for power from 3.5 to 8 kW.

The decision to buy a flowing electric water heater with pressure is made not only by the owners of cottages, but also by private houses, since it is possible to divide the flow of hot water into several consumers. The price of an instantaneous water heater with pressure is higher than that of a non-pressure unit, and it is designed for a power of at least 4.5 kW.

Leroy Merlin offers a wide range of products for low prices for residents of Moscow, as well as cities of the Moscow region: Balashikha, Podolsk, Khimki, Korolev, Mytishchi, Lyubertsy, Krasnogorsk, Elektrostal, Kolomna, Odintsovo, Domodedovo, Serpukhov, Schelkovo, Orekhovo-Zuevo, Ramenskoye, Dolgoprudny, Zhukovsky, Pushkino, Reutov, Sergiev Posad, Voskresensk, Lobnya, Klin, Ivanteevka, Dubna, Yegorievsk, Chekhov, Dmitrov, Vidnoye, Stupino, Pavlovsky Posad, Naro-Fominsk, Fryazino, Lytkarino, Dzerzhinsky and Solnechnogorsk. You can order the necessary goods online with delivery to all these cities or visit one of our retail stores.