Goji, or common dereza. How to grow goji (Tibetan barberry) in the country. Goji Shambhala (Tibetan barberry) Which parts of the plant should be used
Goji Shambhala (Tibetan barberry). gojiberry. Lycium barbarum. Dereza ordinary.
goji – it's not just a sensation, it's a true miracle given to man by nature, a real treasure trove vitality, health and longevity. Cause the popularity of these berries- in a unique set of natural ingredients. Contains 21 minerals (such as iron, zinc, iodine, etc.), 18 amino acids (more than in bee pollen), eight of which the human body does not produce, vitamins B1, B2, B6, E and C, 4 essential polysaccharides, which are no longer found in any food product. Goji has 15 times more iron than spinach and 500 times more than in citrus fruits. In addition, a large amount of germanium, known for its anti-cancer activity. Berries have a pronounced antioxidant effect and delay aging. Among people who have a healthy lifestyle, these berries are very popular.
Tibetan barberry goji- sprawling perennial shrub up to 2.5-3 m in height, with soft, slightly curly stems covered with elliptical leaves. The flowers are purple, growing in the axils of the leaves in several pieces, bell-shaped. Goji bears fruit from summer to autumn. Red oblong and very juicy berries have a sweet-sour, less often with a slight bitterness tasty when dried and frozen, this flavor is lost and the berries become very tasty. When dried, goji berries resemble very large raisins. , dried apricots, but sweeter. The plant is unpretentious quite resistant to the vagaries of the weather, since it comes from a mountainous area, where frosts, droughts, and prolonged downpours with a storm wind are not uncommon, not demanding on the composition of the soil and care, light-requiring, but easily tolerates light shading. X well tolerates a haircut. In the first year, winter mulching of a young plant is recommended. May bloom in the first year, but fructifies from 2-3 years after planting. It is not affected by pests and diseases, in dry summers it needs additional watering. . You can grow this wonderful plant not only in the garden, but also at home in a pot. In this case, a deep container is needed for the plant, since the root grows in depth, and is very powerful. Valuable in this plant are not only berries, but also leaves and young shoots that are brewed and taken as tea.
Available: seedlings and seeds
Tibetan goji barberry cultivation
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Goji (Tibetan barberry). Experience in growing from seed.
Goji - amazing plant. Its berries have a unique composition. But all this information can be read on the Internet. I was also interested in growing such a handsome man from seeds. And as it turned out, everything is quite simple. Fill the pot with any loose substrate (regular store-bought), spread the seeds on the surface, lightly sprinkle with earth, water and place in a sunny place. Goji shoots appeared very quickly (literally within a week). If the seeds are fresh, then the germination rate is 100%. As soon as the first leaves unfolded, sprinkled with phytosporin. As it grew, it was fed with humate and fertilizer for flower plants. Having reached 5-10 centimeter size, the freedom-loving "Tibetan" flatly refused to grow on the windowsill. And what I just didn’t do with him: I dived into separate cups, fed him, everything was useless. The leaves withered, then dried and the plants died one by one. The surviving seedlings were urgently planted in open ground. And then a miracle happened. Small gojiks, having felt contact with the ground with their roots, rapidly began to grow. Now my kids are only in their second year. They are already the size of a human growth and are trying to actively bloom. The plant itself is a bit like a willow: thin drooping branches, elongated leaves. They were planted one in a sunny place, the other in partial shade.
How to grow Tibetan barberry in your garden?
If you want to grow an interesting shrub in your garden or in your country house, which will be a wonderful landscape decoration, then you should stop your attention on a plant with the mystical name Shambhala or Tibetan barberry. Botanists call it - ordinary or barbaric dereza (Lycium barbarum). This shrub, usually 3-4 meters high, has arcuate drooping branches that grow to a length of about 2 meters. Lilac flowers wedges that delight the eye in summer period, and from September and closer to winter they are replaced by orange or coral berries. Barberry, the cultivation of which is very popular in modern gardening, is loved because this shrub can decorate any corner of the garden, in the country, its care is simple, and it will also give fragrant and healthy berries.
Growing barberry
Interestingly, such a variety of barberry as Chinese dereza (Lycium chinense) is not a shrub plant. This is a climber with stems winding upwards, reaching up to four meters in height. It is this type of goji that is called the “female aphrodisiac”, due to the tonic effect of its berries on female libido.
The cultivation of barberry is cultivated everywhere, despite its eastern roots, as it is a hardy unpretentious deciduous plant with a rich colors grown not only because of its medicinal properties. but also widely used to decorate household plots, cottages and urban landscape compositions, moreover, it also does not require special care.
Types of barberry
There are over 400 types of barberry. Most of them have thorns, but there are varieties without thorns. This feature should be taken into account when choosing a wolfberry variety for growing in your garden, especially if there are small children in the family. Also, when choosing a variety of this plant, you must consider natural conditions your region. We present to your attention the most popular varieties of barberry:
- Japanese barberry or Thunberg is the most popular landscape species. Its bright green leaves turn reddish-orange in autumn, and small coral berries appear in winter. Reaches 3 to 6 meters in height.
- Barberry Juliana is evergreen shrub with very prickly branches, reaching 10 meters in height. Green leaves turn bronze in winter and turn yellow in spring. Its winter berries are oval and blue, almost black. Growing this type of goji is often justified where it is necessary to create a living green fence or barrier.
- Barberry Mentor - This type of barberry in a cool climate loses its leaves in winter. Its spring flowers are very small and it bears no fruit in winter.
Care, planting and growing barberry
It is not difficult to grow Tibetan and other types of barberry, including from cuttings, and caring for them is completely simple - after planting, you are unlikely to have to worry about the shrub at all. But, nevertheless, it is necessary to know some features of reproduction, planting and care.
- Barberry grows on almost all types of soil, even clay. At the same time, it prefers sandy soils; care consists in timely watering.
- The shrub is also unpretentious to the composition of the soil, but does not really like soils with an acidic reaction.
- If you want to get large goji fruits. then it should be planted in well-drained soil.
- The plant requires a moderate amount of water and grows well in both sunny areas (it can withstand temperatures up to 30 C) and shaded areas - the care is the same.
- As a rule, it is not necessary to fertilize the barberry during the year, but the shrub will gratefully respond to being introduced into landing pit(40×40×40 cm) organic and mineral fertilizers.
- When planting, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarity of goji to grow rapidly, while displacing other plants and occupying all large area.
- The use of chemicals can adversely affect the beneficial and nutritional properties barberry berries, so if you want to get healing fruits, you should not use chemical fertilizers.
- If you plan to use barberry as an element landscape design, then, of course, basic care must be supplemented with pruning, which should be carried out at least twice a year. By the way, pruning has a positive effect on the growth and appearance of the shrub.
- It is imperative to remove dry leaves and berries (especially on goji bushes) during the summer and winter months.
- Since the Tibetan barberry is resistant to various kinds of diseases and pests, it develops quite quickly, therefore, it is quite easy to grow it.
Reproduction of barberry
The shrub can be propagated in the following ways:
- Seeds. Seeds collected in autumn (one berry contains about 10 pieces) are sown in early spring in small containers for seedlings - 5-6 in one. The soil in the pots must be well-drained and always moist until the seeds germinate. About 2-3 weeks after the sprouts germinate, watering can be reduced. Do not keep future seedlings in a well-lit place - sunlight can inhibit its growth. Dive sprouts should be after the appearance of two leaves. With this method of propagation, dereza blooms for the first time in the second year, and gives the first goji berries only after 3-4 years, if it receives appropriate care.
- Cuttings. To get the long-awaited berries faster, it is better to grow from cuttings. For this, one- or two-year-old shoots (cuttings) with 3-5 buds at least 10 cm long should be planted in summer in a sand-peat (in a ratio of 1: 1) mixture. And by autumn, the first large shoots will already be from the cuttings.
- Vegetative. Since dereza gives a very abundant root growth, dividing the bush is the easiest and most effective way to breed this shrub, which avoids artificial reproduction.
How to grow Tibetan barberry indoors?
By the way, Shambala successfully propagates from seeds and cuttings, grows and bears fruit indoors. To do this, you will need: a planting pot, seeds or seedlings, soil and drainage mixtures and organic fertilizers. Shrubs should get enough water and you should provide them with at least 8 hours sunlight(or special lighting) per day.
When growing goji indoors, one thing must be considered important nuance- pollination. IN closed space the flowers won't be able to pollinate on their own, which means you have to help them do it.
It's not as difficult as it sounds: just point the flowers one at the other and gently press them. That is: regular watering, a sufficient amount of light and pollination - that's all the care for the barberry growing on your windowsill at home.
Why is it worth growing goji in your dacha?
Even in ancient Babylon, barberry was used as a medicine for "purifying the blood", as evidenced by the clay tablets of the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal. medicinal use such berberine-containing plants in China are more than 3 thousand years old.
Useful properties of berries and shoots of barberry
- Antibacterial and antifungal properties. Many studies have shown that barberry kills microorganisms of various origins: staphylococci and streptococci, salmonella and shigella, Entamoeba histolytic - the causative agent of dysentery, giardia, vaginal yeast infections such as Candida.
- Immunostimulatory properties. Since berberine is able to inhibit the growth of bacteria in test tubes and stimulate the growth of macrophages (white blood cells that destroy microorganisms), barberry is an excellent booster of the human immune system.
- Anti-inflammatory properties in infections of the urinary, biliary tract, and gastrointestinal tract.
- Antipyretic properties.
- Restorative properties. Berberine is used in China to treat depression in blood cells caused by chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
- sedative properties.
- Cholagogue properties - perhaps the fundamental property of barberry, which has a cleansing effect on the liver.
- hypotensive property (decrease blood pressure).
In addition to the above useful properties barberry, its use is justified:
- for skin infections and even, as a study by German scientists shows, for the treatment of acne and psoriasis;
- berberine is able to destroy and promote the dispersion of mucous accumulations, which is effective in the treatment of bronchial infections;
- is able to improve blood circulation, therefore it is useful for people suffering from ventricular heart disease;
- as part of an eye ointment, it is effective in the fight against conjunctivitis.
It is known that the Chinese Li Kin Yen lived to be two hundred and fifty-two years old, thanks to the fact that he ate this berry three times a day.
Growing Goji from Seed: Tibetan Barberry
Answering the question of how to grow Goji from seeds, it should be noted that, in principle, growing Goji from seeds is not such a difficult process, since the plant is considered not very capricious.
Goji is such an amazing Tibetan plant that prefers good lighting, although at the same time it can endure a slight blackout and all sorts of vagaries of the weather without problems.
In principle, due to the fact that the Goji berry comes from Tibet, where there are often prolonged rains, strong winds or frosts, such an artisanal plant endures such conditions. At the same time, the berry can feel great even in the conditions of the city and is excellent for such a procedure as a haircut.
That is why the cultivation of Goji from seeds can be done even in our climatic conditions. A plant that was grown from seeds, however, may bloom in the second year, although there may not be a harvest. Since most often such a young plant is able to produce a crop only in the third, or even in the fourth year of existence.
When answering the question of how to grow Goji from seeds, it is worth clarifying that such an amazing plant that has been grown in this way is in no way able to compete in taste and aroma with Goji berries brought from Tibet.
The seeds of this Tibetan berry are quite small and it is due to the presence of a thin shell that they do not need such a procedure as scarification in order to obtain fairly fast and friendly shoots. After extracting seeds from fresh Goji berries, it is recommended to soak them for several hours in a solution such as epin or zircon. As a result of these actions, the seeds can be sown in moist and slightly loose soil.
In this case, it is preferable to use neutral soil mixtures in this situation. Due to the fact that plants of this type from seeds need constant moisture during germination, the seed container must be covered with a film.
At the same time, the light in this case is a very important indicator for the rapid and efficient growth of the Tibetan barberry. Sudden temperature changes are not allowed here. And the period of seed germination can reach approximately two weeks.
Thus, from the foregoing, we can conclude that the Tibetan barberry today can be grown from seeds even at home. Of course, if certain rules are followed.
More information
Where to buy Goji Berries?
What are the health benefits of Goji Berries?
How to consume Goji Berries?
How many Goji Berries do you need per day?
Why does Tibetan Barberry increase libido?
Goji berries are the most useful product in the world. Vitamin C is 5 times more than in tangerines. Oysters are superior in iron content. And in terms of proteins, they are steeper than royal jelly. In addition, Goji Berries contain essential amino acids and minerals for the body. Strengthen the immune system and improve sleep. In China, they are prescribed for people prone to depression. Natural, tasty antidepressant.
1. The sexiest berries in the world
Goji is called "marital wine" in China. The fact is that they increase libido. The most popular aphrodisiac in China. They work on both men and women. There is a saying in China: “The man who leaves his wife for many kilometers should not eat goji berries.”
2. Benefits of Goji Berries
They have 4 special polysaccharides: LBP-1, LBP-2, LBP-3, LBP. There are no such things anymore. Only in Goji Berries. These polysaccharides are active against viruses. Therefore, in Chinese medicine, the use of Goji Berries is a common thing.
Goji Shambhala (Tibetan barberry). gojiberry. Lycium barbarum. Dereza ordinary.
goji – it's not just a sensation, it's a true miracle given to man by nature, a real storehouse of vitality, health and longevity. Cause the popularity of these berries- in a unique set of natural ingredients. Contains 21 minerals (such as iron, zinc, iodine, etc.), 18 amino acids (more than in bee pollen), eight of which the human body does not produce, vitamins B1, B2, B6, E and C, 4 essential polysaccharides, which are no longer found in any food product. Goji has 15 times more iron than spinach and 500 times more than in citrus fruits. In addition, a large amount of germanium, known for its anti-cancer activity. Berries have a pronounced antioxidant effect and delay aging. Among people who have a healthy lifestyle, these berries are very popular.
Tibetan barberry goji- sprawling perennial shrub up to 2.5-3 m in height, with soft, slightly curly stems covered with elliptical leaves. The flowers are purple, growing in the axils of the leaves in several pieces, bell-shaped. Goji bears fruit from summer to autumn. Red oblong and very juicy berries have a sweet-sour, less often with a slight bitterness tasty when dried and frozen, this flavor is lost and the berries become very tasty. When dried, goji berries resemble very large raisins. , dried apricots, but sweeter. The plant is unpretentious quite resistant to the vagaries of the weather, since it comes from a mountainous area, where frosts, droughts, and prolonged downpours with a storm wind are not uncommon, not demanding on the composition of the soil and care, light-requiring, but easily tolerates light shading. X well tolerates a haircut. In the first year, winter mulching of a young plant is recommended. May bloom in the first year, but fructifies from 2-3 years after planting. It is not affected by pests and diseases, in dry summers it needs additional watering. . You can grow this wonderful plant not only in the garden, but also at home in a pot. In this case, a deep container is needed for the plant, since the root grows in depth, and is very powerful. Valuable in this plant are not only berries, but also leaves and young shoots that are brewed and taken as tea.
Available: seedlings and seeds
Have you heard about the healing properties of goji berries? Recently, there has been a real boom - these fruits have become a symbol of health and longevity, have earned the respect of the entire planet. What is a plant, what does it look like and where did it come from? Why is its composition truly unique? We'll talk about this today.
The plant, which is credited with so many healing properties, is an ordinary dereza. It has many names, but only one appearance - a tall shrub with bright red fruits. Its popularity is due to its special composition, which is rich in antioxidants and useful trace elements. There are so many of them in the plant that without pre-treatment eating it is prohibited due to its high biological activity!
In Europe, the Tibetan barberry became popular only at the beginning of the 21st century. Initially, the Western European media printed information that a plant had been found that could stun growth. cancer cells and prevent the development of carcinomas in the body. This miracle cure was goji berries. However, few people know that the usual wolfberry or wolfberry is the same thing that magazines wrote so furiously about.
The real fame came to the berries after the famous American TV presenter Oprah Winfrey spoke about their healing properties. On her TV show, she mentioned the Tibetan barberry as one of the most powerful antioxidants to be found on the planet. And you can trust the reviews of a woman with a million-dollar wealth and the opportunity to purchase any expensive care product for herself! Berries began to be added to energetic drinks, healing cocktails and dietary supplements. Let's look at their origin and effect on the body.
History of magic berries
This miracle of natural origin came to us from Asia. By the name it is clear that the Tibetan barberry descended almost from the mountains. Scientists do not yet undertake to assert so precisely that the bush grew only in the region of the mountain range of Tibet, however, approximately in these latitudes is its natural habitat. Asia has given us a lot medicinal plants, this is one of them.
Not only Tibetan monks got the opportunity to enjoy red antioxidants, the fruits were quite popular throughout the continent. In Japan, China, Nepal, berries have long been known and appreciated. They were called none other than the fruits of happiness or love.
The plant was originally cultivated as decorative ornament yard. Also popular was its use to produce honey. The bees especially loved the fragrant wolfberry flowers, and in season they were never left unattended by insects, producing a pleasant and soft honey. Asian scientists were the first to use the Tibetan barberry as a medicinal product. Then there was no chemical research composition, however, external use in the form of ointments and compresses, according to the surviving reviews, helped to eliminate wounds and improve the patient's condition.
In the East, dried fruits are also taken for food. Local alcohol and strengthening tinctures are prepared from them. Usually dereza is included in the complex of medicinal herbs and fruits for the treatment of ailments and general prevention of the body.
Standards
The plant looks pretty impressive. Grows mostly along roadsides or hedgerows. He likes to "neighbor" with other stronger plants, intertwining branches with them. Dereza leaves are green, slightly elongated, in the form of arrows. You should not try to touch this proud plant with your bare hands - its twisted leaves look like real thorns and can injure bare skin. So the plant protects its fruits and flowers.
The height of the shrub reaches 3-3.5 meters. The branches are more likely to stretch upwards than spread out in breadth. During the flowering period, goji is a truly delightful sight. The plant blooms unusual, lilac which is not often found in nature. The flowers are funnel-shaped and have up to five petals. The diameter of the flowers is small - usually it is not more than 20 millimeters. Brown flowers are rare.
Barberry puts on a beautiful purple outfit in summer. In autumn, it becomes even more beautiful - it is strewn with red berries, which are most valued. The berry is usually small in size, a few centimeters. Collect only bright red fruits, without damage and rot. However, do not rush to use them fresh: it is allowed to add them to food only after drying - so the berries will become less active and will not harm the body.
What are the medicinal properties of barberry?
Today, barberry, or goji berries, is a real hit among all admirers. proper nutrition and healing of the body. However, the plant can help and overcome many ailments, and not only improve general state organism. It is accepted by both men and women. Let's look at the most popular goji uses.
Goji use during pregnancy
Several useful properties of the plant make it indispensable in the diet of a future mother or a nursing woman. The first is an improvement in overall well-being. Due to the fact that goji has a balanced set of vitamins and microelements, it calms and stabilizes the work. nervous system reducing mood swings. In a pregnant woman, the hormonal background stabilizes, so everyone around ceases to suffer from abrupt transitions from laughter to despondency and sadness.
The second point that can be useful to the fetus and the expectant mother is the ability of berries to accelerate cell growth. In this case, stimulation of the production of growth hormone will contribute to the normal development of the fetus. And the last is the ability to reduce pressure.
The indicators of the latter often increase in expectant mothers. Their reduction will allow a woman to feel more comfortable and lighter. However, do not forget about the individual intolerance of the plant, it is better to consult a doctor so as not to harm the unborn child.
Lowering blood sugar
People with diabetes should be especially careful about their diet. Berries contain glycosides that help stabilize blood sugar levels. This has a beneficial effect on the condition of a diabetic patient. Goji also protects the liver from fatty degeneration. This is due to the presence of betaine in the composition.
Additionally, lowering blood pressure will help to get rid of excess weight, which is also a necessary component of therapy in the treatment of diabetes. Reviews of experts testify to the benefits of berries and confirm their effectiveness.
Skin treatment
Our epidermis reacts sensitively to the environmental situation, food intake and stress. Because of this, psoriasis intensifies, acne and blackheads form on the skin. Free radicals that accumulate in the body destroy collagen cells - the skin looks lethargic and tired, wrinkles appear. The antioxidants contained in the berries will help fight these manifestations. The skin will become cleaner, fresher, annoying rashes caused by malnutrition and stress will disappear.
Oncology
This is probably one of the most common areas of application of the magical barberry. Medical studies show the effectiveness of eating berries as part of the treatment of breast cancer. You can find many reviews on this subject.
In addition to medicinal properties, the plant also has a preventive effect on the body.
Photo gallery
Photo 1. Fresh berries in a basket Photo 2. Woman with a basket of harvested goji berries Photo 3. Dried goji berries
Video "How to brew goji berries"
In the video you can see the correct process of brewing and eating berries.
Over the past few years, some exotic plants have become available to gardeners, and many of them have a fairly large supply of substances useful to the human body. Today, we will talk about Tibetan barberry cultivation.
In the East, for quite a few thousand years, such berries have been used in traditional medicine. Thanks to the healing properties of berries, they have acquired several names, for example, the elixir of health and youth. This is no accident, because thanks to many studies, scientists have discovered an amazing complex of various biologically active additives that are not found in any other plant. That is why, such berries are wildly popular, and are actively used. Tibetan barberry is able to fight cancer, improve the human immune system, maintain weight and burn fat, lower blood sugar and cholesterol levels, rejuvenate the gastrointestinal tract, normalize the functioning of the heart and brain, and stabilize blood pressure. Perhaps this is not even a complete list of the properties that such berries possess. I would like to note that in addition to berries, leaves and young shoots, which are actively used for brewing tea, can also be used.
Remember that fresh berries should not be consumed, as they can cause a chemical reaction that affects the skin, after which it may turn black. They are consumed only in dried form. Only after drying they can be used.
Tibetan barberry, cultivation
I would like to note that such berries have several names, namely goji, Tibetan barberry, wolfberry, Chinese dereza. Such a shrub belongs to the nightshade family, and usually reaches a height of 3 to 8 meters.
This kind of plant is cross-pollinating, and at least two plants are needed for normal fruiting. Berries usually ripen from August to October. Choose a place for growing usually sunny. When planting, drainage should be provided. Barberry is a fairly drought-resistant plant, but watering can accelerate its growth. In order for the fruits to be large enough, they should be cut in the shape of big bush.
Near the seedling, for growing when planting, a stake is hammered nearby, which should reach about 3 m. at the apex, the growth point is usually removed.
Goji can be propagated by all methods known to you, namely: cuttings, seeds, tops of shoots, root offspring. Seedlings begin to bear fruit for only 3 years.
The goji plant is quite frost-resistant, unpretentious, and also resistant to many diseases. In our conditions, pests have not yet been observed.
In botany, this plant is known as common dereza or another name for barbarian (Lycium barbarum). The adjective Chinese or Tibetan indicates the area where this particular type of barberry grows. Common dereza grows in China, Tibet, the Himalayas in the form of a shrub up to 3.5 meters high. In Eastern China, Japan and Korea, the liana-shaped form predominates - Chinese dereza. The unique composition of the soil and climatic conditions of the Chinese region of Ningxia contribute to the most pronounced healing and nutritional properties of goji. The plant is unpretentious, well takes root in different climatic conditions.
Properties and uses of goji
Barberry is a fairly common plant, but only Tibetan barberry has unique nutritional and medicinal properties. The composition of goji berries is truly amazing. Juicy fruits contain minerals, vitamins, amino acids, polysaccharides in such a composition and proportions that have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the entire human body. A general strengthening and tonic effect on the body of women has been noted because of this, it is also called “female ginseng”.
Rarely what dishes of oriental cuisine do without such seasoning as the fruits of Chinese barberry. In food, not only berries are used, but also leaves.
Oriental medicine has long known the properties of the fruits, bark and roots of the plant. The first mentions are found in ancient treatises of the Tang Dynasty (1000 AD). The range of application is very extensive: restoration of vision, prevention and treatment of the lungs, intestines, liver, kidneys, circulatory system, diabetes. Relieves headaches, eliminates dizziness, fatigue of the lower back and legs. Strengthens the immune system, promotes rejuvenation of the body.
Dried goji fruits from China enter the markets of the world. In order not to buy a fake, you need to carefully look at the color of dried fruits and the inscription on the package. The berries of the Chinese barberry have a richer red color than the berries of the common barberry. Genuine packaging should only be labeled in Chinese or English on elite grades.
Ways to grow goji
Characteristic
The plant is unpretentious. Frost-resistant. It takes root and is grown in many regions of the planet. Wild shrubs are found in the south of Russia. Dereza flowers are lilac funnel-shaped. The branches are covered with sharp thorns. Begins to bear fruit in May-July. Until September-October, about 13 crops can be harvested. But the most valuable are the berries picked in summer, especially in August.
planting goji
It is advisable to plant several different varieties of barberry on your site.
It is desirable to plant sunny side. The soil should be well-drained, fertilized with organic and mineral fertilizers. It should be noted that the plant occupies a large area due to the abundant root shoots.
reproduction
They practice three methods of reproduction - seeds, vegetative and summer cuttings.
Germination of goji seeds
Seeds are harvested in autumn. Dereza fruit is a berry with up to ten grains. Washed from the berries and dried. In the spring, they are planted in containers of 4-5 pieces. Seedlings are growing fast. After a maximum of two weeks, shoots will appear, which must be kept in a warm place. Do not water abundantly. It is desirable for sprouts to create the so-called "greenhouse" effect. If these conditions are met, the black leg will not appear. When two true leaves grow, it is advisable to dive the seedlings. The plant adapts well to climatic conditions resistant to diseases and pests. In the second year it will bloom, and after 3-4 years you can collect fruits.
Reproduction by cuttings
This type of cultivation makes it possible to obtain fruits faster. In summer, one- or two-year-old shoots with 3-4 buds are cut 10-15 cm long. The lower end is oblique, and the upper end is 0.5 cm from the upper bud with a slight slope and planted in a greenhouse. Well, if the soil is well drained, composed of sand and peat in equal proportions with the addition of humus or fertilizer, it should not be damp or wet. If the uterine bush is flowering, then the rooted cuttings bloom quickly.
Goji, or common dereza
Goji (Tibetan barberry)
Not so long ago, everyone heard the name of a new culture for Russia - goji. They say that its fruits are literally miraculous and help from all diseases. In Russia, however, they knew goji before, calling common dereza, but in the end they completely forgot and now they call it nothing more than Tibetan barberry, drilling nurseries and calling institutes in search of seedlings.
In appearance, the Tibetan barberry is an unremarkable plant - a small bush that has prickly, like a barberry, and weeping shoots, lanceolate leaves of a gray-green color and five-lobed purple flowers. The berries are oval, scarlet-red like those of the barberry, usually about 1.5 centimeters long.
Goji's homeland is China, although plants in wild nature found in Asia, Australia, North Africa and America. For decorative purposes, goji is also grown in our country. The plant is unusual and looks good on the site. Gozhdi tolerates a haircut, so it can be used to create, including hedges, but in fact such use is blasphemy, given the rich biochemical composition of the fruits of this plant.
It is thanks to the composition of the fruits that the popularity of goji is growing literally by leaps and bounds, and interest has increased in the reproduction of the Tibetan barberry and in the technology of its cultivation. The composition of the fruits is really impressive, there are mineral compounds in the amount of more than two dozen, among which the leaders are zinc, iodine, iron, contain amino acid fruits, the amount of which exceeds that of the famous bee pollen. There are as many as eighteen amino acids, and eight of them are irreplaceable, that is, those that are not synthesized by the human body. There are a lot of fruits and vitamins with a predominance of B, and the content of vitamin C is hundreds of times higher than that of an orange. Polysaccharides are also present in fruits, the presence of which in ordinary foods is excluded.
Goji berry tastes like a mixture of barberry, raisins and dried cherries. At the same time, goji can grow and give good harvests even in the northern regions, but in Siberian conditions, where it is very cold, goji can be grown at home by installing lighting lamps.
The easiest option is to get goji in your home, this is to sow the seeds. The seedling will bloom in a couple of years, and after another couple it will be possible to collect the first small crop of valuable fruits. A plant that feels good in mountainous areas, climbing to heights of up to 1000 meters above sea level, will cope with any vagaries of the weather. Goji is not afraid of either frost or drought, the shrub is not afraid of gusts of wind and excessive moisture.
To get seedlings, you need to get fresh fruits, after which they should be soaked in water for a quarter of an hour, only then you can remove the seeds. They are not large and in a berry there can be up to one and a half dozen pieces, of which about a third will rise. In order for the maximum number of seeds to sprout, place the seed pot in heat (23-25 ° C) and keep the soil moist. Light is not needed for seed germination, but it is simply necessary for good seedling growth. As soon as the first sprouts appear, the pot of seeds must be placed on south side windows on the windowsill, or provide it additional light by installing a backlight lamp.
It’s great if you build a small greenhouse for the seedlings, for this you can take a deep enough container and cover it with a film or a glass jar on top. Thus, you will avoid the need for too frequent watering, because the moisture will evaporate much more slowly.
If you isolated seeds from berries that were stored for several days, then before sowing, they should be soaked in a solution of a growth stimulator - IMC, zircon, epin. The ideal soil for sowing goji seeds will be well-drained and permeable, loose, with a neutral composition. Sometimes a mixture of loamy soil with non-acidic peat is used in a ratio of two to one.
The seeds are directly sown on the surface of the soil in small grooves made by the head of a match, after which they are sprinkled with a layer of non-acidic peat no more than half a centimeter thick. This will allow the sprouts to freely break through to the surface of the soil. During this period, it is very important to monitor the soil moisture, if it dries out, then the seedlings may die. It is also necessary to monitor the temperature, avoiding its sharp fluctuations. You should not put the bowls with seeds on the windowsill, under which there is a heat-breathing radiator, or where a draft can form, or the seeds can blow a stream of cold air, for example, from an ajar window, all this will be detrimental to seedlings.
As soon as the seeds germinate and the first shoots appear, the film can be removed in daytime and cover the seedlings at night. It is important to ensure that the film is located at a sufficient height and does not interfere with the seedlings. For watering at this important time, you should use a spray gun, it will prevent the formation of large drops, but will effectively maintain soil moisture. Only after the plants form a second pair of true leaves, they can be transplanted into separate containers.
Pots for transplantation should be taken deep, at least ten centimeters, because the goji root system grows more actively in depth, and not in breadth. The same must be taken into account when transplanting seedlings, try to pick up the roots along with a clod of earth, which can be done with a teaspoon.
Goji should be planted on the plot as soon as the danger of returning frosts disappears. In the southern regions, this is the middle of May, but in the center, the beginning of June. It is better to transplant together with a clod of earth, so when transplanting, make sure that the pot can be removed without damaging the roots and without destroying the clod of earth.
The Tibetan barberry is not picky about the care and composition of the soil, however, frosts below 33 ° C may not be tolerated. Therefore, in autumn, plants should be covered with covering material and ensure that there is always a lot of snow on top. Goji has not yet accumulated diseases and pests, but sometimes the tips of young leaves taste aphids, and in especially wet years they attack powdery mildew but they don't do much damage.
N. Khromov , candidate of biological sciences
Source: http://www.gazetasadovod.ru
Goji, or common dereza
My passion for plants began at a young age. As long as I can remember, I always, if there was such an opportunity, brought various shoots of flowers from everywhere into the house. I took it from relatives, acquaintances, brought it from school. I liked to watch the process itself, how a beautiful thing grew out of a tiny process. flowering plant or just decorative foliage. This hobby, or rather, my life, without which I cannot imagine myself, has not left me to this day. True, this hobby has long gone beyond the apartment into my favorite garden, in which I plant various flowers and plants.
I like to grow not only some beautiful flowers, without which, of course, it is impossible, because they are always pleasing to the eye, from early spring to late autumn, but I also like to plant various useful plants. One of these plants, which is both decorative and useful, appeared on my garden plot 4 years ago, this is lycium (Lycium), dereza, or the well-known name of goji. The name goji is the Russian transliteration of the English goji, or the commercial name that the Chinese came up with, which has nothing to do with the true name of the plant.
There are about 100 species of lycium (wolfberry) that grow in tropical, subtropical, partly in the temperate zones of both hemispheres, mainly in South America. In nature, lycium can be found in the steppes, plain and mountainous deserts and semi-deserts, along desert river valleys, in the southeast of Europe, in the Caucasus and in Central Asia, in China.
In Russia, several types of wolfberry are bred, these are Chinese wolfberry and common wolfberry. The latter is considered the most unpretentious species.
Dereza vulgaris is a perennial shrub of the nightshade family. It can reach up to 3.5 meters in height. The branches are covered with thin spines. The leaves are oblong, up to 7 cm. The flowers are purple or purple, very small. Fruits in different regions, May to September or July to October. The fruit is a small coral red berry, 1-2 cm in size. Each berry contains 10-60 tiny yellow seeds.
It is this kind, i.e. common dereza, I bought by mail a small seedling. After examining the roots, which were in good condition, I proceeded to plant. Since the plant is unpretentious, I didn’t do any special soil, I planted it in the soil that prevails in my area, and this is loamy black soil. I watered a little, tied the stem to a support, because. branches tend to bend. My seedling grew very quickly, as evidenced by the appearance of new young shoots.
Dereza care is minimal and very simple. It does not require special watering, I water only in dry summers, I also do not apply any special fertilizers. It is also not necessary to cover for the winter, if the branches freeze, then they quickly grow over the summer. The main thing to do is to form a bush by pruning. If this is not done, then a bush that is too thick will produce few berries.
As for the reproduction of common dereza, everything is also simple here. It can be propagated in several ways. This is seed propagation, layering, cuttings or root offspring. With seed propagation, I do the following. First, I soak dried berries in warm water. When they soften, I take out the seeds and sow them on the surface of moistened soil, lightly sprinkling with earth. During germination, soil moisture should be monitored. It is better to sow seeds in several pieces in one container, because. small shoots will better support each other and their root will be stronger and more developed. Then the seedlings need to be seated in separate cups. Dereza can also be propagated by layering, for this you just need to dig a branch from a large bush, and tie the top to a peg so that the shoot is vertical. After the roots appear, the plant is separated and planted. There is also a cutting method, but I did not propagate the dereza in this way, so I can’t say anything. My common dereza reproduces very well by root offspring. They sometimes grow at a distance of 30-50 cm from an adult bush.
As you can see, this plant is unpretentious, easy to propagate, and also very decorative, especially when it is strewn with red-orange berries in autumn, which undoubtedly decorate autumn garden. In my area, the common wolfberry (goji) berries reach full maturity around mid-September - early October.
I pick berries directly from the bush, although many fly around themselves and fall to the ground. They taste sweet-salty or sour. After picking the berries, I dry them in a dry and dark place and then put it in storage. It is better to store in a dry place. You can use them as dried fruits, but not more than 20-30 g per day for an adult. Many berries are brewed into tea, added to cereals, soups.
Also, common wolfberry berries (goji) have a number of useful properties. They improve metabolism and blood circulation, increase immunity, stabilize blood pressure, reduce the risk of developing oncological diseases, enrich the intestinal microflora, stabilize the psychological state, promote the process of losing weight, etc.
From everything we can conclude that the common dereza is unpretentious, decorative and useful plant. I advise everyone to have such a plant in their area.
Pavel Konstantinovich Zimin , Sarov
