Standard window opening: what dimensions must be observed during construction. Standard window sizes for a private house
The height and width of the window, due to the typical affiliation of the building
Reference dimensions depend on the typical model of the house and the materials from which the house is built. There are a huge number of such models, but there are several common types :
- houses of the old fund. Built back in the pre-revolutionary years, they are distinguished by high ceilings and, accordingly, high window openings. In such buildings, both narrow and wide windows are installed: 850 by 1150mm, 1150 by 1900mm, 1300 by 2200mm, 1500 by 1900mm.
- Stalin's houses. Erected in the middle of the 20th century, the so-called "stalinkas" stand out for their monumentality and high level ceilings. Here, the standard size of windows varies from 1150 by 1900mm to 1500 by 1900mm for double-leaf products. For three-leaf windows, the only option is selected - 1700 by 1900mm.
- "Khrushchev". Panel and brick houses, built in the second half of the last century, unlike the two previous types, are known for their small apartments and low ceiling heights. IN this case window parameters are selected based on the following standards: 690 by 1530mm, 1280 by 1340mm, 1490 by 1530mm, 2080 by 1530mm.
- improved houses. These are high and spacious buildings, the width of windows of which is never less than 1450mm. Typical sizes of such windows: 1450 by 1210mm, 1450 by 1410mm, 1700 by 1410mm, 2100 by 1450mm, 2380 by 1130mm, 2380 by 1420mm, 2690 by 1420mm.
- modern new buildings. In houses under construction today, there are more than 40 series, but conditionally the sizes of windows in them are limited to several indicators: 1150 by 1420mm, 1450 by 1410mm, 1490 by 1530mm, 1700 by 1410mm, 1700 by 1420mm, 2060 by 1520mm.
The existing possibilities for organizing a window opening, the dimensions of the elements used, their configurations can be considered in the table:
Relativity of recognized standards and their validity
In the production of windows, a slight mismatch of linear dimensions with design documents is allowed. Deviations of +2mm and −1mm are taken as the norm.
Long term proven reliable operation the ratio of width and height allows you to guarantee the durability of window structures. You can not mindlessly increase the size of windows for greater illumination or aesthetic effect. This leads to deformation of products, their breakage or damage to specific mechanisms and parts.
The standard size, width of the window for a particular room is calculated taking into account the purpose of the building, its location and scale. Since the level of natural sunlight, depending on geographical factors, determines the intensity of lighting in rooms. Building standards determine the percentage of the area that the window opening has and the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. total area glazing should be from 1/8 to 1/10 of the entire floor surface.
It is worth clarifying that all standards recognized in architecture and construction are rather relative. The most important requirement it remains to maintain all proportions both in the calculation of the dimensions of the windows installed in the room, and in the process of their production.
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Often a person who decides to build his own a private house, is faced with the problem of choice - what size to make window openings in the dwelling and how many of them should be. Of course, in our time it is easy to order frames of any size, but this is an extra waste. Wouldn't it be better to follow the standard window sizes and purchase ready-made frames that will fit perfectly and at the same time will cost much less? It is on the generally accepted dimensions of windows for various buildings that you should pay attention today. And not only general information will help in this, but also the norms established by GOST.
Standard window with one opening sash
Why you need to comply with standard window sizes - some clarifications
Let's start with the fact that these standards do not drive anyone into a strict framework. Everyone is free to make openings such as, in his opinion, will be convenient for him personally. But at the same time, it should be understood that the size of the window, the standard of its width and height are based on numerous studies and are designed to provide optimal natural lighting of the premises, as well as the convenience of its location.
Concerning apartment buildings, then knowledge of standard sizes can also help here. After all, if you measure the frame and order just such new products, they will be small and the installers will have to tinker with the installation. That is why, when determining the value, all more people they do not measure the dimensions themselves, but invite specialists who subsequently mount new glazing. But, if one of the respected readers has already encountered this issue, most often when calling the company for the installation of double-glazed windows, the specialist only specifies the type apartment building and the designation of the premises where the replacement will take place. This information is enough for him to determine the standard sizes. window openings.
The aspect of the cost of custom windows, mentioned earlier, also plays a very important role. After all, it's not a secret for anyone that in the construction of your own private house in our time, the financial costs are significant. Therefore, cheaper standard windows will be more profitable than custom-made frames and double-glazed windows according to their own sizes and peculiar shapes.
But the windows of apartment buildings also have their differences. After all, if you take Stalin-era houses, then these are high ceilings, which require larger openings. The complete opposite are the buildings, popularly called "Khrushchev". Let's try to understand what the standards are and how they have changed over time.
Dimensions of window openings according to GOST - changes in standards
Nowadays, compliance with the requirements of GOST for the size of openings is not mandatory. And yet it is worth paying attention to them. After all, it's unjustified big windows can reduce the strength of the structure, and this is unacceptable in any construction. Exist sanitary rules and norms (SanPiN) regulating the illumination of premises. Unreasonably small openings reduce the illumination of the room, which entails not only visual impairment, but also other backfire for the body.
For general information consider a table of window size standards adopted in different years:
| Years of construction of buildings and their name among the people | Size of double-leaf windows, cm | Size of three-leaf windows, cm | Nuances | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1930-1960 "Stalinka" | 115x195 | 170x190 | |||
| 1950-1985 "Khrushchev" | Panel houses | brick houses | Panel houses | brick houses | It should be remembered that window sills in brick houses wider, and therefore the cost of installation is slightly higher |
| 130x135 | 145x150 | 204x135 | 204x150 | ||
| Brezhnevkas that have survived to this day | 145x121 | 141x145 | 210x145 | 141x170 | Of course, the largest windows are openings with three sashes in brick houses. |
Thus, when replacing in standard apartment buildings, no need to check windows size. GOST during construction was strictly observed. As for private houses, self measurements seldom taken into account by installers who value their reputation. Even if the homeowner names the dimensions of the glazing frames when ordering, usually the craftsmen themselves come to the place to take their own measurements.
Height from floor to top of window opening
For any type of building, be it an apartment building or a private dwelling, it is usually used standard height window. When building your own housing, you can use larger openings and at the same time not go beyond the standards established by GOST. To do this, you can take the height of the openings for the houses of the "Stalinist" buildings. With such dimensions, natural lighting of the room will be more than enough.
Of course, if the homeowner intends to install unusual glazing (shaped or panoramic), no one will forbid it. It all depends on the financial capabilities of the customer. After all, a huge glass opening from floor to ceiling (and possibly with a built-in glass door) will look very aesthetically pleasing, if not chic. But it is worth repeating - the cost of such a design will be quite impressive.
Important advice! If almost any work can be done independently, then the installation of modern double-glazed windows should be entrusted to professionals. Various settings for handles, hinges, and quite high price glass makes installation quite difficult. This does not apply to home craftsmen with experience in similar work.
As for the height of the window from the floors in private houses, it can vary in the range from 0 to 900 mm, depending on the purpose of the room. We will dwell on more accurate data a little later.
Window width standards are a pretty important parameter.
Here it makes sense to pay attention to the fact that standard width windows in apartment buildings cannot be changed, tk. outer wall is a carrier, which means that no one will allow to increase the opening. But in private houses, during construction, it is worth paying special attention to this parameter.
Important! Irrational and thoughtlessly increased width of window openings reduces the strength of the structure, and therefore creates a risk of collapse. This must be remembered when designing a home.
Many people want to have a full-wall panoramic window in a private house. But when designing such a structure, it is necessary to have engineering knowledge. In the absence of such, you will have to contact a specialist. After all, some racks are needed to strengthen such a stained-glass window.
Separately, it is worth paying attention to the option of increasing the width of the opening in some houses, popularly referred to as "Brezhnev". For example, in four room apartment it becomes possible to combine the glazing of the kitchen and living room. In this case, the central glass is usually tinted. This is done so that the wall separating these two rooms is not visible from the street behind it. Of course, it is not a carrier, but still there is additional strength from it.
Optimum height from floors to window sills in apartments and private houses
Here it is worth paying attention to the functionality of the room. In private houses, different window sill heights are allowed for various rooms. Eg:
- Living room- for a larger view, it is allowed to lower the window sill. Often a height of 40 cm is taken as the standard, but you can do without it altogether by making glazing from the floor.
- Kitchen. Here, the height of the window sill is commensurate with the surface of the dining table, which means that the most acceptable distance from the floor is 90 cm;
- Storage rooms and bathroom. It is allowed to install windows not lower than 120 cm, because a similar height is enough for diffused daylight.
But this is all that is indicated in GOST, which in our time is practically not observed. Therefore, in private houses, everyone makes openings according to their size, and in apartment buildings, the height of window sills in all rooms is the same and equal to 80-90 cm.
The width of the window sill of a plastic window, as well as structures made of other materials, depends on the thickness of the walls and the options for installing heating radiators. Therefore, there are no specific standards for this parameter in our time.
Windows of different types - their sizes and some characteristics
Now the range of material from which windows are made is quite large. But the most common are:
- Wooden windows- the most common. The cheapest and at the same time natural material;
- Plastic- more expensive. Nowadays, they are becoming more and more popular, which is not surprising. Their service life when properly installed is quite large;
- Aluminum profile windows. Such products are quite in demand due to thin frames and large glasses. For a panoramic window, this is the most best option. In addition, they are light in weight.
It makes sense to consider some of the types in more detail.
What are the standard sizes of plastic windows and their approximate cost
For wooden houses dimensions plastic windows similar to those produced for multi-apartment buildings. But this is if we take the standards. Naturally, custom-made frames can be made according to any drawings. But more on that below.
Standard sizes window opening for a plastic window is 1300x1200 mm. If we take, for example, the living room, then there is already a slightly different width. Then such a window will have dimensions - 1300x2040. But still, there is an error in the region of 100 mm, and therefore the exact size standard cannot be called.
The price dependence on the size of a standard plastic window is the most direct. Anyone understands that the larger the frame, the higher the cost. Is there a big difference? If we take the above dimensions, then the difference in price between them will be about 5000 rubles.
Of course, the standard dimensions of PVC windows, or rather their width and height, are prescribed in GOST, but where exactly to look for this and how to be guided during construction or design needs to be clarified. The fact is that each of the norms provided for by this document has its own number. Knowing the numerical designation of the rule, it will not be difficult to find it, which means you do not have to shovel a mountain of documentation. For example, on this topic, you need to look for GOST 30674-99 - the standard size of PVC windows.
Although plastic windows are a fairly popular type of glazing, they are rather difficult to install. The fact is that in addition to their correct installation, special configuration is also required. And the slightest errors during installation, which are not immediately visible, will make themselves felt after a couple of years. And this, you see, is quite unpleasant. It is for this reason that such windows are practically not found in hardware stores. They bring in firms that are engaged in installation and debugging.
Another disadvantage of such structures is the need to replace the sealing gum every 2-4 years. At the same time, their service life depends on the settings of the fittings. For this reason, when building a private house or cottage and planning the installation of a similar design there, openings should be made to the PVC window size standard. The meaning of this is that if it is necessary to replace them, the generally accepted dimensions will cost a smaller amount.
Related article:
Wooden windows: size standards and nuances of choice
Undoubtedly, the classic will never go out of style. A wooden windows has long been a classic. There are reasons for this. First, it's a habit. After all, earlier in the apartments there was no other material. And if the frames were made of aluminum, then this was done exclusively for industrial stained-glass windows.
The standard size of a wooden window is a fairly wide range. It is generally accepted that there is no specific figure in this case. And in general, now wooden windows for sale are unlikely to be found. Making them is easy. That is why you can independently measure the window opening, order the design on almost any furniture production and install it manually.
Important advice! When installing a wooden frame, you must use a laser or conventional level. Also important is experience with mounting foam. Otherwise, there is a risk of frame distortion.
The dimensions of wooden windows with one sash can be 400-870 mm in width and 400-1470 in height. If there are three wings, then the size range is as follows: width - 1770-2070 mm, and height - 1170-1470.
Related article:
In this review, we will consider, as well as what materials are best to use. This is not a complicated process, which allows you to save about half of the heat spent.
Metal-plastic windows, their features and differences from plastic
Windows and doors made of metal-plastic in our time are quite common, which is not surprising. And although by appearance they are very difficult to distinguish from PVC structures, they have a number of undeniable advantages. The main of them can be called great durability and strength. They are not afraid of temperature changes. If a PVC window can lead in the sun, melloplast is not at risk. Worth noting are the various design solutions that can be implemented in them.
Important information! If a window or door is made in the form of an arch or other rounded figure, this is precisely a metal-plastic construction.
Of particular importance is the question of how to choose the right windows from metal-plastic. After all, its cost is somewhat higher than other materials, and therefore no one wants to make a mistake. The main thing is the manufacturer. It is worth choosing the one about which there is more positive information. This can be helped both by reviews on the Internet and the advice of friends who have already installed similar designs.
No matter how patriotic it may sound, but best quality have foreign-made products. As for Russian manufacturers, then often recycled materials are used as a material for manufacturing to reduce costs. And this is unacceptable in the production of such structures and adversely affects specifications and their service life.
Skylights - dimensions and materials of manufacture
Enough interesting view windows made (mainly) from laminated timber. We offer to look at several examples of similar structures and compare their cost. All roof frames listed in the table below have single glazing filled with argon.
| Make and model | Control element | Size, cm | Manufacturer country | price, rub. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 FAKRO FTS-V U2 "Standard" | Bottom handle | 55x78 | Poland | 7500 |
 VELUX, GZR 3050B "OPTIMA Standard" | Bottom handle | 78x98 | Denmark | 14000 |
 VELUX, GLR 3073B TIS OPTIMA Comfort "Universal" | Handles top and bottom | 78x140 | Denmark | 24600 |
 VELUX, PREMIUM, GGU 0070 "Classic" | top handle | 78x160 | Denmark | 43000 |
 FAKRO FTT U8 Thermo | Bottom handle | 78x118 | Poland | 95000 |
 VELUX (Velyuks), GGL 307021 INTEGRA® - MK10 | Remote control | 78x160 | Denmark | 89100 |
As you can see, the cost of such structures is quite high. What about sizing standards? skylights, so far they are not available.
Important advice! If you plan to install a similar design, then it makes sense to purchase a window before cutting through the opening. Otherwise, it may happen that required dimensions are simply not available for sale.
Tri-leaf windows - dimensions and materials
The size of a standard tricuspid window has already been mentioned in our article. The only thing to add is the lack of precision in such standards. Any window can be adjusted to GOST standards only approximately, and there are no clear distinctions for that. Most manufacturers of such products are foreign firms. And the standards of Russian norms and rules do not converge with foreign ones.
During construction, it is worth adding 10 cm to the edges of a window or doorway. Still, it is easier to add a beam along the edge than to increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe future window.
Private house and apartment - differences in window standards
As already mentioned, the standards for such structures as windows and doors are a very vague concept. The only thing that is really important is that the dimensions of the window itself should be 20-30 cm smaller than the window opening in width and height. Otherwise, their installation becomes more difficult. It turns out that the standard sizes of windows for a private house are those that are convenient (without compromising the strength of the structure). The largest window openings are made for stained-glass windows. The interior of such structures greatly benefits. It is only important that this does not go to the detriment of strength, but this point is already entirely on the conscience of the designer. In order to make it clearer how such solutions look in the interior, we suggest viewing a small photo gallery stained glass windows in private houses.
The dimensions of window openings in a private house are most often made larger than in apartments. The reason for this is the desire of a person to get as much natural sunlight as possible and enjoy the views from the window. It's not very comfortable to sit on a chair in front of a small window, isn't it? It is much more pleasant to sit away from him on a sofa or armchair with a cup of hot coffee. Especially if pacifying large flakes of snow fall outside the window.
There are quite interesting solution for situations like this. Below we will present a photo of large windows in private houses. They also receive a sufficient amount of sunlight. Well, watching nature through them, although not as pleasant as through stained-glass windows, is also quite comfortable.
Surely it became clear to everyone that the dimensions of the window openings in a private house would be exactly what the homeowner wants to see them. Well, if the house is already purchased ready-made, it is quite possible to underestimate the window sill or try to expand the window itself. The work is laborious, but quite doable.
Important advice! If it is decided to expand window openings, it is necessary to do this without fanaticism. Remember about safety and structural strength. As a last resort, if there is no certainty that the wall will stand after the alteration, it makes sense to simply remove the window sill, making the window “on the floor”. In this case, there is no risk to the building. After all, the main danger for the walls is precisely the expansion of the window.
Changing the window size in wooden houses
Wooden houses are good because it is quite easy to underestimate or completely remove the window sill in them. To do this, you need to dismantle old frame and beat off the plaster (if any) slightly wider than the window to the floor. Beforehand, it makes sense to measure the future opening and order or purchase a frame that will be installed. Further, using a gasoline or electric saw, it is necessary to saw through logs or timber on both sides to the floor. It also makes sense to fasten the logs or beams together (bottom-up) with a metal tire on nails or screws.
Window sizes in panel houses - are they subject to change
Unfortunately, it is unlikely that you will be able to change the size of the window in Khrushchev. Perhaps it will be possible to agree on documents for such work, but only to reduce. And no one needs such actions. It will not be possible to increase the window opening. After all, this will be a design change bearing wall, which is unacceptable in such buildings.
And yet, you can update the interior and slightly increase the size of standard windows in a panel house. The trick is to install instead of plastic or wooden frames aluminum frame. But this option, although it visually expands the window, is only suitable for warm regions. The fact is that the thermal insulation of this type of frame is quite low.
It is possible to glaze a balcony or a loggia with panoramic PVC windows, having previously insulated the walls, floor and ceiling. This will allow you to dismantle the window and the door to the balcony, expand the living area and create the appearance of increasing the standard window of the panel house.
Important information! It will not be possible to sell an apartment in this form. To do this, you will have to restore the frame and the door to the loggia. For this reason, it is necessary to think carefully before starting this work.
Windows in brick houses - what features do they have
In fact, the sizes of windows in brick and panel houses are no different. The only thing that can be noted is the width of the window sill. Such houses most often have fairly thick walls. With standard window sizes in brick houses, the width of their window sills can reach 50-60 cm.
If we consider the dismantling option described just above, then for such buildings it is more appropriate. The reason for this is precisely the width of the window sill. With proper interior planning, it can serve as desk or a bookshelf stand. You can even break a small oasis on it. Just imagine how wonderful a green island will look in the middle of the room.
At the same time, the size of the brick "Khrushchev" window visually increases, which also cannot but rejoice.
How to arrange windows in a private house or cottage
How many windows should be in the house, their size and location require a clear calculation. There are a few rules about this topic.
Important! When designing a residential building, it should be understood that the living room, like the kitchen, should be located on sunny side, while on the other you can place a bedroom, pantries, a bathroom and a toilet, as well as a relaxation room and, for example, a billiard room. Regarding the latter, many may doubt the correctness of such reasoning. But everything is simple. There is not enough natural light for the billiard room. According to SanPiN, above the table should be located powerful lamps. That is why the sun does not play a special role here.
The number of windows, as well as their width, must be calculated by craftsmen with engineering skills. It is up to the designer to decide how to calculate the window size in wooden house. Well, the height of the opening is up to the owner to decide.
As for the location of windows in private houses, usually the living room and kitchen have the largest number of them. Natural lighting is also important in the children's room. A large number of windows on will not hurt either. They can be installed without any harm to load-bearing structures. The only thing that can become a limitation for home master in this case, it is the cost of such windows. Otherwise, there are no restrictions.
Finally
Summing up today's conversation, I would like to recall the following. Natural sunlight essential for good health. After all, being at work in the office or in the workshop, a person constantly puts his vision to the test. Fluorescent lamps, which are installed in most rooms, adversely affect not only vision. According to research, the inner layer of such lighting devices, which converts ultraviolet light into light visible to our eyes, is not able to contain all UV rays. And they not only spoil the eyesight. Also, such lighting causes depression, poor sleep, fatigue and nervousness.
For this reason, being at home, a person should give rest to his eyes, and to the body as a whole. And there is nothing better than natural light for this. It is necessary to increase the number and size of window openings (of course, without fanaticism) as much as possible.
It is worth recalling the quality of the material for the windows. After all, a lot depends on this. It is clear that the cost of branded products will be higher than lower-quality counterparts, but still it is worth considering how much a person is able to save and at what cost. It is unlikely that health is a commodity that can be exchanged for money.
With this we will end today's topic. We hope that the information was somehow useful. If you still have questions, ask them in the discussions below. Site specialists will always come to the rescue. Perhaps other readers will be able to answer your questions.
The buildings are built in several stages. The house must be durable. There are several standards that many materials must meet. They are called GOSTs. They must also match the window opening. Standards regulate materials and dimensions.
Opening dimensions
Standard sizes of window openings are intended for the design of the house, as well as for its construction. These rules are also used when building a private house. Dimensions save not only time, but also money. Therefore, many people ask - are there GOST sizes for window openings?
You can make any window, but there are rules. If the window has two sashes, the standard size will be 1300 high by 1350 wide (mm). There are also 1400 * 1300 mm. and 1450*1500 mm. - For three-leaf windows, the dimensions are: 1400 * 2050 mm., 2040 * 1500 mm. and 2040*1350 mm.
Types of window openings:
- Arched.
- In a niche.
- Curved.
- Regular rectangular.
- Panoramic.
- With swivel frame.
- Curved top.
- With sliding frame.
- With folding binding.
- French.
- Bay window.
Types of window openings
Window opening: how to determine the width and height
When a window opening is selected, the dimensions may be different. To determine the area of the window, use the area of \u200b\u200bthe room or the size of the house. This will be influenced by what kind of glazing scheme will be. Currently there are GOSTs for windows.
Window opening GOST 11214-86. says that the minimum height should be 1160, maximum 2060 mm. Minimum width 870, maximum 2670 mm. However, lighting also affects these dimensions, do not forget about the features of the room.
They regulate the manufacture of windows in such a way that the maximum area of the window product from plastic profile was no more than 6 m2. Also, the opening sash in its area should not exceed 2.5 m2.
Only by observing the standards and regulations of GOST, it is possible to make glazing of high quality, reliable and practical. For example, if you decide to build Vacation home With panoramic windows, then it is worth taking into account the fact that the windows should be no more than 6 m2.
In this case, you will get rid of many problems, and it will not be difficult to find a manufacturer. Almost all companies will be able to offer solutions for glazing such a house.
If you decide to buy already finished windows in production or construction company, then pay attention to the area of the opening elements. If it is more than 2.5 m2, then check for certificates for specialized safety tests, because. the area above the specified norm is not subject to standards.
When choosing double-glazed windows, pay attention to the weight of the opening doors, it should not exceed 80 kg. Otherwise, it may cause the critical part to be exceeded.
For reference: The sash of a three-chamber double-glazed window (3 glasses of 4 mm) with an area of 2.5 m2 weighs about 75 kg.
Hinged window sashes should open inside the premises in all residential premises, except for the ground floor premises and windows overlooking balconies and loggias. Other cases of opening should be prescribed in project documentation.
Blind window dimensions
Rarely does anyone order windows with 2 or 3 (depending on the window) opening sashes. As a rule, the second and third leaves remain deaf, i.e. do not open. :
5.1.6 The use of non-opening sashes in window blocks of premises of residential buildings above the first floor is not allowed, except for sashes with dimensions not exceeding 400x800 mm, as well as in products overlooking balconies (loggias) if such structures have devices for ventilation of premises. The possibility of using non-opening sash elements of window blocks in other types of premises is established in the design documentation for construction.
Possible deviations from the linear dimensions of windows
In the process of manufacturing plastic windows, it is possible that the linear dimensions do not match those specified in the project documentation. If the deviation is +2 .. - 1 mm, then this is considered normal.
The difference in the lengths of the diagonals of rectangular frames should not exceed 2 mm with a side length of up to 1400 mm. If the length is over 1400 mm, then tolerance is 3 mm.
Residential window sizes
Not infrequently, there are cases when the sizes of windows in a panel house can differ by 10-15 cm, and we are talking about the same house. That is, there is no need to talk about accuracy. That is why, if it is necessary to measure the size of windows, qualified assistance is needed.
However, there are standard window sizes in typical houses, which you need to strive for when designing, so as not to complicate the lives of residents and companies involved in the installation of windows. A double-leaf standard window must measure 1300 in height and 1400 in width. Three-leaf window - width from 2050 to 2070, height - 1400.
As for the Khrushchevs, the situation is different. So, the size of the window in Khrushchev directly depends on the width of the window sill. In the case of wide window sills, the size is 1450 × 1500 for two wings and 2040 × 1500 for three. Narrow window sills suggest window sizes of 1300x1350 and 2040x1350, respectively.
When calculating the dimensions of skylights, they usually proceed from standard parameters, but you also need to take into account the angle of the roof slope. There is a pattern, consisting in the fact that the height of the window directly depends on the flatness of the roof. As for the distance between the rafters, it should be no less than 4-6 cm wider than the window frame.
Based on the above, it becomes quite obvious that the sizes of windows do not match even in standard houses, but starting from the type of house, one can also determine the sizes of windows offhand. Be that as it may, but the angle of incidence of the sun's rays plays a decisive role in matters of window sizes.
Dimensions of plastic windows
Affecting dimensions pvc windows, note that they can be very different and depend solely on the size of the opening. Moreover, considering modern technologies, plastic windows can be made with any size and absolutely any complexity.
Today there is fashion trend to make the dimensions of plastic windows very large, based on aesthetic considerations, such a trend looks spectacular and colorful, but do not forget about practicality. The opening sash should not exceed 900 sq. mm.
Nobody forbids doing it more, but such manipulations will guarantee that the structure will simply fail soon. In the case of blind sashes, we note that it is better not to neglect the advice and not to make them more than 1000 square meters. mm., this is fraught with a significant load on the double-glazed window, which contributes to its deformation.
In conclusion, we note that nothing is impossible for specialists and non-standard sizes of plastic windows have become the rule rather than the exception. Concerning questions of economy, it is expedient to underline that the standard window costs less, than its analog made under the order. But whether such savings will be justified depends entirely on the size of the window opening.
GOST standards
GOST 30971-2002 "Mounting seams for adjoining window blocks to wall openings" (entered into force on March 1, 2003)
GOST - 23166-99 "Window blocks. General technical conditions»
GOST - 24700-99 “Wooden window blocks with double-glazed windows. Specifications»
GOST - 30673-99 "Polyvinyl chloride profiles for window and door blocks. Specifications»
GOST - 30674-99 "Window blocks made of polyvinyl chloride profiles. Specifications»
GOST - 24866-99 "Glued double-glazed windows. General technical conditions»
GOST 26601-85 Windows and balcony doors wooden for low-rise residential buildings. Types, design and dimensions
GOST 11214-86 Wooden windows and balcony doors with double glazing for residential and public buildings. Types, design and dimensions
GOST 11214-78 Wooden windows and balcony doors with double glazing for residential and public buildings. Types, design and dimensions
GOST 16289-86 Wooden windows and balcony doors with triple glazing for residential and public buildings. Types, design and dimensions
GOST 16289-80 Wooden windows and balcony doors with triple glazing for residential and public buildings. Types, design and dimensions
GOST 24700-81 Wooden windows and balcony doors with double-glazed windows for residential and public buildings. Types, design and dimensions
GOST 24699-81 Wooden windows and balcony doors with double-glazed windows and glass for residential and public buildings. Types, design and dimensions
GOST 23344-78 Steel windows. General specifications
GOST R 54850-2011 Skylights and skylights. Method for determining heat transfer resistance
GOST R 54861-2011 Windows and external doors. Methods for determining the resistance to heat transfer
GOST 21519-84 Windows and balcony doors, showcases and stained-glass windows aluminum alloys. General specifications
GOST 25062-81 Aluminum alloy windows and doors. Types, designs and sizes
GOST 27936-88 Wood-aluminum balcony windows and doors for public buildings. Types and designs
GOST 23166-78 Wooden windows and balcony doors. General specifications
Before building a house (this applies not only to private houses, but also to apartment buildings), it is imperative to calculate the size of the windows. A window is not just a part of a home. It fills the premises with light, solar heat, enriches with oxygen through the open window. In addition, the size of the window opening determines technical specifications building boxes. This is important both for paperwork (in the case of new construction), and for the subsequent operation of the dwelling. Therefore, you should take this issue very seriously and perform preliminary calculations.
The size of the windows should be optimal, matched to a specific room and not go beyond the norms established by law. All calculations are performed in accordance with the requirements of GOST. Violation of these standards entails the imposition of an administrative fine, and the obligation to bring the window opening in accordance with the regulations. It is better to entrust such calculations to experts in order to avoid unnecessary expenses later.
Often on the Internet they do not indicate the size of the plastic window and simply write “standard”. This means that the window will be 1200 x 1200 in size. This does not always fit under the opening, so you should immediately specify what type and series the future window will be in order to avoid subsequent installation problems. It should also be taken into account that in different regions manufacturers may have their own idea of a "standard size". To clarify, consider the generally accepted classification.
Types of apartments, depending on the window opening:
- "Khrushchev";
- "Stalinka";
- series 600.11;
- series 600;
- series 505;
- series 504;
- series 137;
- a private house;
- panel house.
Types of plastic windows depending on the number of wings:
- bivalve;
- tricuspid;
- non-standard.
Each type and species exists with its own prescribed standards that are followed construction firms. Windows manufacturing companies are well aware of these standard varieties, so it will be enough just to name the type of your home and they will pick you up correct window. However, even with such detailed instructions, careful measurements cannot be neglected. Relying on standards and not measuring the opening, you can get a window that either does not fit into the allotted space at all, or will form cracks where cold and moisture will immediately penetrate.
Rice. 1. Standards for double-leaf windows.
Standardization of window blocks and openings
During the drafting of the project for any type of building, window openings are required. Their sizes are standardized and depend, first of all, on the area of the room, its purpose and position. The windows in the northern part of the building can be larger than in the south, because the sun looks there less often and less light enters the room. In addition, given the climatic features of the region, the windows on north side buildings must meet certain temperature regime. If the technological points are not observed, the windows will leak in winter.
The rules for calculating standard window sizes are indicated in state regulations. According to special formulas, the illumination coefficient of premises for any purpose is considered (for residential and public, different standards are provided), located south of 60 and north of 45 degrees latitude. When calculating indicators, the need to clean double-glazed windows is taken into account at least twice a year. But this is provided only for buildings that are not exposed to heavy pollution. Otherwise, you will have to clean a little more often.
When the building is located south of 45 degrees latitude, in this case, the illumination level is multiplied by a factor of 0.75, and if north of the above limit, then the factor is increased by 1.2 times. The accuracy of the calculation depends on the physical and emotional condition. It is a proven fact that with insufficient lighting, a person becomes more irritable, quickly becomes depressed.
Rice. 2. Each type of building has its own standards for window openings.
Windows in Khrushchev
During socialism, apartments were built - Khrushchevs in order to provide each citizen with personal housing. Of course, the size of such apartments is small, so window companies have taken action and started selling special windows for this type of dwelling. Most Khrushchev houses are built from blocks, which has reduced the number of seams to a minimum. For such premises, double-glazed windows are best suited.
For these buildings the best option a double-glazed window of the following sizes is considered:
- frame thickness 5.8 - 7 cm;
- width and height: 145-220 cm.
Rice. 3. Khrushchev windows are suitable for block-type apartments.
Windows in a panel house
Panel houses consist of special panel blocks. Window openings in such buildings often have diagonal distortions. Often there is a difference between the upper and lower width, forming an opening in the form of a trapezoid. Therefore, it is necessary to take measurements very carefully. When dismantling windows in panel houses, less debris remains than in brick houses.
The window opening in the type of house under consideration has the so-called quarters - protrusions in the shape of the letter “L”. When installing, you need to pay attention so that the frame goes beyond a quarter by 10-15 mm.
Rice. 4. Window openings in panel houses have their own characteristics.
Windows in the 606 series of houses
The buildings in this series have thick walls with excellent sound insulation. window blocks in such houses they can have 1-3 wings, wide window sills, draft protection. Previously, wooden windows were inserted into them, but now it is possible to pick up excellent plastic models. They increase the protection against heat escaping from the room. Companies provide special standard window sizes for this series, so there is no need to adjust them to fit the opening. Their height is 141 cm, plus / minus 2-3 cm. The width depends on the number of wings.
Rice. 5. Double sash window for the house from the 600 series.
Windows in a series of houses 600.11
Such houses were built in the 80s and have changed somewhat since then. But all also remained attractive to buyers due to thick walls, spacious landings and large living spaces. Main Feature such houses - L-shaped windows installed in the kitchen. They were invented in order to accommodate massive air conditioners, especially popular in those days. However, now such units are not used, but the windows remain. Companies offer high quality windows of this type. Most of it opens with a handle, and a small window can be made fixed or also hinged.
Rice. 6. Dimensions for unusual windows houses of type 600.11.
Windows in the 600 series of houses (Ship)
The houses of this series got their name due to the similarity with the superstructures on the liners. The windows in such buildings have openings, the sills of which are raised to such a height that they are at the level of the chest of a medium-sized person. They can have 3 leaves, in which 2 moving parts can be installed. The window is designed in such a way that its parts are separated by lintels. You can only replace them with an expander.
When installing plastic windows in houses of this type, so-called flashings are used.
Rice. 7. Three-leaf window to the apartment-ship.
Windows in 505 series
Window openings in this type of houses are classic for panel buildings. Their height is 153 cm, but discrepancies of 1-3 cm are possible. They can be double or triple.
Rice. 8. Three-leaf window for the house from the 505 series.
Windows in 504 series
Windows in houses from this series can be of various sizes and proportions. The walls here are thick and are excellent insulation for heat, cold and sound. The openings have a depth of more than 20 cm. Thanks to this, you can save money on finishing slopes. The height of the sashes is usually 141 cm. The windows can be narrow two-leaf or three-leaf, and they also produce equipment for balcony openings.
Rice. 9. balcony windows for type 504 apartments.
Windows in series 137
Fitting the shackles to the 137 series is simple and hassle-free. Window sizes are standard here - three- or two-leaf, as well as balcony blocks. When installing windows, in this case, only one question can arise: what size will the sashes be and how will they divide the window. For old versions of windows, the side parts are 45-50 cm. In general, you can divide the window with sashes in any variation, taking into account that it will be problematic to wash blind windows from the outside.
The slopes in such windows are no more than 25 cm, and the window sill does not exceed 30 cm, the height is 138-142 cm.
Rice. 10. Windows of the 137 series can be divided by sashes as you like.
Windows in private houses
Private houses please with relative freedom in terms of choosing the size of window openings. Here you can install both several windows of equal dimensions, and make a whole transparent wall. Windows are often used different size For different rooms. For example, they choose wide and spacious in the living room, in a smaller bedroom with two wings. A window with one sash can be put in the bathroom. The sizes for them correspond to the general standards, are selected under openings.
Rice. 11. In a private house, you can put various windows.
Windows in "Stalinka"
Apartments of this type have spacious interior spaces, high ceilings and large windows. Some difficulties may arise during installation. Replacing old wooden frames is accompanied by a lot of garbage. Raising the windows to the apartment is often quite difficult in the absence of an elevator. When installing a window, you will need a lot of foam, as in brick walls there may be gaps, irregularities that need to be blown out with mounting foam so that the window does not let in moisture, heat or cold.
The height of the windows is approximately 173 cm, while the width depends on the specific model chosen.
Rice. 12. The dimensions of the window in Stalin.
Plastic window standards
The standard sizes of plastic windows are fixed in GOST and have well-defined standards. Companies involved in their manufacture use prescribed sizes, which differ in the number of wings, height, width. Each rule has a number of situations in which it should be applicable. For example, in a small room there is nowhere to put a large three-leaf window, therefore, in this case, there are standards for two- and one-leaf models.
Double sided plastic windows
They are versatile and very common. Such models are suitable both for an apartment, or a private house, and for offices, small shops, cafes, kindergartens, schools and other buildings. The most common are the following dimensions of this type: 1150 x 1900 mm; 1300 x 2200 mm; 1500 x 1900 mm. The sashes can be both stationary and movable, and it is possible to install the window in such a way that both parts will open completely.
Rice. 13. Standard double-leaf window with one window leaf.
Three-leaf plastic windows
This design has enough big sizes and very popular. Three-leaf windows are placed in spacious rooms where a lot of light is required. They can have a variety of appearance and variations in the placement of the valves and their sizes.
The height of windows with three wings is: 120, 135, 150, 117, 132, 147 cm.
Accordingly, the width will be equal to: 180, 210, 207, 177 cm.
Rice. 14. Product with two opening doors.
Non-standard windows
These windows are very diverse in their external design and have decorative look. Basically, they are placed in private houses and are the decoration of mansards with attics, attic space, outbuildings, etc. They delight in a variety of forms:
- circle;
- square;
- hexagon;
- oval;
- triangle;
- arch;
- trapezoid, etc.
The dimensions of such products are selected individually for the opening and do not have clear standards, so they are made mainly to order.
