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What is the best way to build an extension. Options for manufacturing extensions to a wooden house. Stages of building a wooden extension to the house

— IF SPACE IS LOW —

The construction of the house has long been completed, and the need to increase the living space has already arisen. This problem is faced by many owners of country houses. Annex to wooden house will help solve this problem without much difficulty.

Our team of builders is engaged not only in the construction of houses, but also warm extensions to the house, as well as verandas or terraces.

Construction of an extension to the house

Building an extension to a house is no less troublesome than building the house itself, especially if it is an extension to an old country house or a village log house. Sometimes this entails quite large changes in the design and layout of the house itself. It can be an extension of a veranda, terrace or a warm living space for any purpose: a bedroom or living room, kitchen, bathroom or bathroom. It can be technical premises - a boiler room or a garage.

Photos of extensions to the house that our team built

Terrace extension.

Adding a terrace to the house does not create big problems and costs. The terrace is an open area - a wooden flooring on a specially prepared base, with or without a railing. Stand-alone or attached to the main building and serves for outdoor recreation. It may be under a roof, the main functions of which are protection from rain and direct sun rays.

Veranda extension.

The extension of the veranda to the house is a little more complicated and expensive, since it implies its full or partial glazing, but it also remains cold. The device of the veranda gives additional benefits- protection from wind and rain from all sides. Can serve summer kitchen, living room, playroom. Usually not heated.

Construction of a warm extension to the house.

The construction of an extension to the house with insulation, for a full-fledged living, is a more difficult and costly undertaking. Most often, we have to deal with the construction of an extension to wooden houses. In the process of attaching to a house from a bar or log, when docking to a house, some difficulties sometimes arise that must be taken into account. For the extension itself, the most optimal solution- the choice in favor of the frame wooden structure of the walls! Possibility of year-round use, as part of the main house, heated.

The correct extension to a wooden house is a frame extension.

A frame wooden extension, compared to an extension made of timber or logs, does not allow vertical settlement of the walls and therefore it can be immediately rigidly attached to the main structure. Frame walls, floor and ceiling are insulated with mineral wool. This design will be the warmest, lightest and most reliable compared to other options. And also the cheapest and most practical. Possibility to make an extension immediately turnkey. Versatility - the ability to attach to any home: wood, brick or blocks. Appointment - any: bedrooms, kitchen, living room, bathroom, boiler room, garage.

The foundation for the extension is another "thin" place. For such an extension to the house, the foundation is required more reliable and piles are best suited for this. screw foundation. In some cases, this may be a shallow tape monolithic foundation.

The cost of building an extension without material, only work!

Estimated - approximate cost frame extension (600x300x250) with turnkey finishing.

• Terrace open from 100 thousand rubles.
• Glazed cold veranda from 150 thousand rubles.
• Residential extension with insulation (100-150-200 mm.) from 200 thousand rubles.

Building a frame extension to the house is possible at any time of the year!

Our construction team is engaged not only in the construction of wooden extensions to houses, but can carry out a complete repair and reconstruction of the entire house.

The advantage of private real estate lies primarily in the fact that you can easily make an extension to a wooden house without problems and significant costs. For example, you can quickly and easily make an extension of 10-15 m², which serves as a veranda, kitchen or a place for receiving guests. An addition to the main house must be done in such a way that everything looks harmonious, and at the same time is comfortable and functional.

What to make an extension to a wooden house

Separately, it is worth paying attention to the materials from which the extension is made. If the house is wooden, then it is quite possible to supplement it with square meters of wood or even timber. So the general concept of the building will not be violated, and everything will seem more beautiful and comfortable. The tree allows not only to simplify the work on the product, but also significantly save. Big plus this material is that it is warm enough. However, to use the premises all year round It is still worth doing additional work on insulation.

In some cases, craftsmen choose bricks to work with. This is a more expensive material, but it has its advantages. First of all, bricks always keep heat well, so minimal insulation work will be required. In addition, the maintenance of the extension will be simple, which distinguishes this material from wood.

However, when an additional brick room is attached to a wooden house, this may not look very good. Therefore, you have to choose between practicality and appearance. Or, as an option, you can then use the same type of external finishing materials throughout the house at once, including the attached room.

The extensions, which are made with their own hands from a bar, look very nice. This durable material which will last a long time if properly cared for. The appearance of the building itself is immediately transformed, and the house becomes like a fairy-tale hut. But the price quality material this type can be high.

The cheapest option is frame extension to a private house, made by hand. Such construction methods have recently become very popular. Manufacturers offer to build entire houses in 2-3 floors in a short time. As for the extension, its construction in this case will be inexpensive. Frame buildings always require high-quality insulation and waterproofing. But still, they significantly outperform all other options in terms of price, speed of work, and even appearance. The frame extension will look good next to the wooden one, and together with the brick house. This great option for economical owners.

Where to begin

Before you make an extension to a brick house or any other with your own hands, you must first coordinate this with government organizations. Initially, project documents are drawn up taking into account all the nuances, but work with government agencies does not end there, since at the end of construction the extension will need to be legally registered. All such issues are resolved in the administration. locality or in multifunctional centers.

Do not start work before all the nuances are agreed. Otherwise, if something goes wrong, you will have to clean up what has already been created, and this is troublesome and expensive.

Next, you need to purchase the material, according to the planned estimate. It can be wood, timber, brick or stone. It must be borne in mind that the type of materials must meet all the requirements of the building. If it is planned to be small, and it will not be loaded with a powerful roof, then you can take an ordinary tree. For capital buildings, it is still worth using stone or brick.

Experts strongly recommend initial stage check all the nuances and consult with professional architects. This is especially true in cases where heavy materials are planned to be used. Of course, the extension is not the second floor. However, even it can significantly load the main building. Therefore, before starting work, it is necessary to carefully check the serviceability of all components, the quality of the foundation and consult with specialists.

If the construction of an extension seems like too much work, you can entrust it to professionals. In this case, you can save not only time, but money. If you opt for modern frame version, it will be both beautiful and cheap. And most importantly, such structures are very light, so they do not load the main building at all.

Those who decide to make an extension to their house with their own hands should take into account that incorrect actions will lead to the fact that the load on the building will be too great. If the house is old, a professional preliminary diagnosis is necessary. An insufficiently strong foundation can cause the building to be completely destroyed, therefore, by creating an extension, the master runs the risk of being completely homeless.

Extension building technology

As for how to make an extension to the house, the main thing is not to damage the main house and get additional square meters. To do this, it is necessary to carry out quality checks before starting construction. preparatory work. They must be multilateral, that is, you need to study every detail.

First of all, it is necessary to check the quality of the foundation, its depth and width. This will determine whether the base can withstand the additional load in the form of an extension.

In order to get a warm building, its walls must fit snugly against the main building. But this is permissible only if the structure is well preserved. In addition, you need to immediately think over the options for movement, namely doors and passages. It is quite possible that at the place where the extension to the country house will be connected to the main building, an additional arch will have to be made under the door. Here it is necessary to clarify whether the wall will withstand it. Sometimes it happens that the walls look quite normal. But one has only to start diagnosing, as numerous shortcomings are revealed.

Special requirements are always placed on the roof. It should be light enough and match the type of construction. There are 2 options for how to properly make a roof in an extension to the house. In the first case, it can be a continuation of the main roof, and the second - a separate roof. Both one and the second method have their pros and cons. If you make a solid roof, the whole structure will look beautiful and harmonious. But indoors there will be one minus, namely a sloping roof or the need to build a small attic and additional insulation. A straight roof does not look very nice on the outside, but it will be more beautiful on the inside. convenient option for further interior decoration.

Particular attention should be paid to extensions, which will be made of wood. This material is different in that it needs shrinkage. This process takes a certain amount of time, and sometimes reaches several years. Therefore, during the first years of use, the attached structure may settle and move away from the main wall. If it is initially fixed very tightly, then this can damage the main wall. Therefore, the wooden frame must be left at first. Only after it settles, you can proceed to the design and strengthening of the wooden extension.

As for the foundation for the extension, it does not matter much. If the main building is on a solid and high-quality foundation, then a pile foundation can also be used to build an extension.

It is believed that to make an extension to a wooden, brick or stone house- this is very simple task. In fact, it is much easier than building a second floor. However, if certain requirements are not observed during the construction of the extension, this can have a very bad effect not only on the quality and functionality of the new building, but also spoil the existing building. Therefore, you should be extremely careful and attentive.

Simple extension to a wooden house

The complexity of the work always depends on the type of project. Some try to make the extension create additional space, but also become a decoration of the building. But such options are quite complicated both in execution and in choosing the right materials. If there is no desire to face difficulties, you can make a simple extension with your own hands quickly and inexpensively.

The first step will be to choose the optimal location for future construction. At this stage, you need to evaluate your financial capabilities, choose suitable materials, determine the size of the building and resolve the issue with permits.

Next, you can proceed to the foundation. For simple and light structure there is no need to make a strong foundation. Most often, masters refuse monolithic foundation and opt for a tape type or a columnar basis. For a small frame extension or veranda, this will be enough.

Before you build walls, you need to take care of the arch for the door from the house. In order not to destroy part of the wall, it is recommended to make a passage in place of an existing door or window.

After pouring the foundation and its complete readiness, you can start working on the walls. The easiest way is to make extensions to wooden or brick houses from whole sheets. That is, the extension will be of the frame type. It is advisable to place poles for fastening panels and further installation of the roof at a distance of about 1.5 m from each other, but no more. After their high-quality fixing, you can start tying the walls. The final stage will be the installation of the roof and the complete hermetic finishing of the room.

Experts most often recommend a roof for extensions, which will be a continuation of the main roof. So the whole building as a whole will look more harmonious and attractive. The extension will no longer look like a build-up on the house, but will become its full-fledged part. If you use the same materials for decorating the facade as for the house, then everything will look very harmonious. But you shouldn't rush with the exterior decoration. In addition, you need to wait some time before installing windows and doors. The extension needs to be given time to stand and settle. Only then can further work be continued.

Building insulation

In order for the room to be used at any time of the year, you need to know how to insulate the building. Is not hard work, but it requires compliance with certain rules. First you need to choose a heater. The most popular materials are Izover, Izorok, URSA and Rockwood. All of them are inexpensive and consist of mineral wool. For 1 m² of wall it will take about 70 rubles.

Most often it is mineral wool used for insulation. It is laid under sheets of drywall, which are then sheathed with walls and ceilings. But the work on insulation does not end there. All seams that will be between the sheets must be carefully sealed with putty. Only after that you can proceed to the further design of the walls, that is, painting, wallpapering and other types of finishing work.

But in order for the room to winter period was usable, all windows and doors should also be insulated. For this, special materials are used to save a lot of heat in the house.

With the right approach and high-quality work performed in a do-it-yourself room, you can live at any time of the year. From the usual summer veranda it will turn into a full-fledged building, where you can equip a living room with a fireplace or a room for another purpose. Insulation work for an extension with an area of ​​​​12 m² and a ceiling height of 3 m will cost about 10 thousand rubles.

Expanding the useful area of ​​a private house with the help of an additional extension allows you to solve a lot of problems, first of all, to increase the usable area and increase the level of comfort. An extension to a wooden house is easier to formalize legally than a new building, and it can be built much cheaper than if you rebuild the entire box of the house. It is only necessary to choose the right project to make the wooden extension box one with the building box.

Features of planning an extension to a wooden house

Let the simplicity and modest size of the attached premises not be misleading. Not so simple. Experienced masters recommend taking the problem of arranging an extension to a wooden house as seriously as if you had to build a real house or make another floor.

There are two "narrow" moments in the extension design:

• It is necessary to properly plan and make a junction of two foundations. It is not enough to build an additional base for an extension, you also need to make it safe so that a small foundation does not cause settlement or deformation of the walls;
• Choose the shape and method of attaching the extension truss system to the box wooden house. Depending on the chosen project, part of the roof of a wooden house will have to be dismantled in order to build one common slope or make it in a broken pattern.

Build walls, embed windows, doorways, lay the floor in the extension, hang insulation and perform decorative trim, to equip the ceiling is no more difficult than in the construction of an ordinary house.

Most interesting view extensions to the house are made with a sliding front wall. If necessary, the room can be easily transformed into a living room or made into a summer kitchen.

Extensions to a wooden house: types, purpose

Of course, building planning begins with common idea construction of an additional building. Most often, the owners decide to build a separate room, floor or even part of a wooden house in order to allocate additional living space for guests or family members, equip a recreation area, make a utility room or install additional boiler equipment.

A modern wooden house is considered a rather complex structure. After assembly, the wooden house adjusts to the foundation for a long time, the walls and crowns shrink. In order to build a strong and stable extension to a building from a bar or log, it will take at least a year of waiting.

Traditionally, the owners prefer to make an extension of:

• aerated concrete blocks;
• Profiled timber;
• Red or silicate brick;
• Sip panels or homemade wooden shields.

One of the most popular trends is the use of glass or polycarbonate panels. Double-glazed windows provide good thermal insulation, and the excess sunlight makes it possible to make an extension room in the form of a closed veranda or winter garden.

Often, an extension has to be built by blocking windows in a wooden house with walls. A transparent roof or a polycarbonate wall solves the problem of shading the living space.

Frame house extension

If you want to build an additional room to a wooden house in the shortest possible time, it is best to make an extension in the form of a frame-panel structure. At first glance, the wireframe looks very complicated: many wooden racks and jumpers sheathed with OSB boards, plywood and grooved board. In fact, making the frame of an extension to a wooden house is not difficult even for a novice carpenter.

The wireframe has its advantages:

• The light weight of the extension makes it possible to make a simple and inexpensive pile foundation instead of the traditional strip foundation. The time needed to build an additional building is reduced from two to three weeks to a few days;
• The cost of building a frame extension is about half of the cost of a similar structure made of timber or aerated concrete;
• The frame extension, with a small weight, has high rigidity due to the use of a large number of struts and struts;
• Thanks to the use of an openwork power scheme of the frame, the attached room can be quite large, even two floors;
• Even if a wooden house is equipped with a complex sloping roof, it is much easier to build a full-fledged roof for an extension and connect it to the truss system of the building than if the attached box is made of brick or foam block.

In the form of a frame extension, you can make a warmed veranda, a bathhouse and even a rest room. If a wooden house is placed on a concrete strip foundation, huge window openings can be made in the attached room, turning it into a studio or dining room.

The frame scheme of the extension is ideal for building an attic room on the second floor of a wooden house. Even if the building is built of logs, modern insulation materials provide comfortable conditions for living in winter.

IN ideal case the frame extension must be built on a strip concrete foundation. It may not be the cheapest way to build additional space, but using MZLF provides several tangible benefits:

• Firstly, the concrete tape significantly enhances the rigidity of the frame extension. An exception may be the options when a wooden house for a number of reasons had to be made on a pile foundation;
• Secondly, a rigid base will exclude the manifestation of such unpleasant phenomena as wall distortion or sedimentation of door and window openings, even if the windows in the extension are half a wall.

If you correctly tie the concrete tape under the extension to the base of the wooden house, then regardless of the shrinkage processes, there will never be gaps or gaps between the walls of the house and the attached building, which are typical for heavy structures made of brick and stone.

But there is one limitation, experts do not recommend building frame rooms on concrete strip foundations in conditions of heavily watered soils. In addition to the forces of frost heaving, which deform the base of the attached premises, the wooden frame extension, even when waterproofing is used, is quite sensitive to ground moisture.

One example of solving a similar problem in the construction of frame extensions is the joint construction of an extension and an open terrace on a foundation of a grillage or pile type.

A huge shield terrace made of larch or polymer board is installed on a foundation made of screw piles, photo. The strength and rigidity of the pile foundation field is enough to build a huge frame structure on the terrace with just huge windows. The wooden walls of the house and the attached premises are covered with ventilated siding with a natural stone finish.

Extension to the house of foam blocks

Using a foam block greatly simplifies the task. The light weight of the wall block allows you to build extension boxes of the most different forms and sizes. The only essential condition is the use of the most rigid foundation. Even if, before the construction of the extension, the wooden house was built on piles, the foam concrete box must be installed on the MZLF.

Due to the low rigidity of the foam concrete masonry, the attached room is usually extended along one of the walls of a wooden house. This allows you to make the extension sufficiently stable without internal lintels and walls. A wooden house due to an extension, as it were, increases in length.

Wooden and foam concrete walls need protection from rain and frost, most often with the help of external cladding made of clapboard or siding. In this case, the dimensions of the attached box are adjusted to the dimensions of the wooden house so that after laying the siding or ventilated facade, the building looks like a single monolithic building.

The foam block, easy to process and fit, makes it relatively easy to build an extension box of the most intricate shape and configuration. For example, if you can build covered veranda on the entire wall of the house, while making part of the extension in the form of a bay window.

The construction of an extension from foam blocks on the entire wall of a wooden house is possible only if an additional concrete strip can be added to the strip foundation of the building for the attached room.

In addition, the walls of foam blocks at the level of window openings must be reinforced with a reinforcing belt of metal profile. The easiest way is to make a belt from a channel with metal embedded in the corners wooden walls Houses.

In this case, an attached building can be built even on a relatively weak foundation; the channel belt will keep the extension from tipping over or buckling walls.

Extension to a wooden house from a bar

It is technologically much more difficult to make a timber extension to a wooden house than to build an additional room from brick or aerated concrete.

First of all, the foundation, experts categorically recommend making a foundation of the same type under the extension as under the main building. If for some reason it is impossible to use the advice, then the attached timber box is best done on a pile foundation.

The second problem is the shrinkage of the wooden walls of the building. Regardless of the chosen design of the foundation and roof, the timber extension will shrink for at least another year, so it will be necessary to make expansion gaps on the walls and the roof truss system.

The easiest way is to build an additional room below the installation level of the truss system of a wooden house. In this case, the roof of the extension does not exert much pressure on the mauerlat and the upper rims of the roofing system. It is enough to make a swinging node adjoining the shed roof of the extension to the wooden wall of the house, if you build the node correctly, then shrinkage processes timber walls will not affect the stability of the main frame of the building.

If an extension from a bar needs to be made equal in height to the walls of a wooden house, then you will have to build common roof for the entire structure. To do this, it will be necessary to disassemble the roofing and make a transitional part for the articulation of the truss system of a wooden house with single slope system extensions.

The above method of combining the roofing of two buildings guarantees the absence of leaks, even if the shrinkage of the attached premises exceeded the calculated values. If necessary, a canopy over the entrance to the house can be made from a new common roof slope or a wooden terrace can be built. It is enough to lengthen the overhang and install additional supports, however, this can be done no earlier than the shrinkage of the walls of the extension ends.

Do-it-yourself extension to a wooden house: step by step instructions

The problem of expanding the existing housing stock is especially relevant for summer and country houses. As a rule, a cottage is bought together with a house. In the process of the first redevelopment and distribution of the usable area of ​​the building, it becomes clear that the wooden house requires a radical reconstruction. At a minimum, you will need to attach a veranda or covered terrace for relaxation. The earlier a wooden extension is made, the cheaper the construction of a country house will be.

Preparation for construction

It is best to build an additional area on the sunny side of the building. Wooden walls do not like direct sunlight, so the surface of the wood is additionally primed with a protective varnish, Tikkurila is best. No matter which side wooden house it is planned to build an additional room, the box is reinforced with staples, vapor barrier and mineral fiber boards are laid. It is extremely necessary to make the insulation of the extension, even if the project involves construction warm extension.

Foundation laying

Following the golden rule for the construction of extensions, the foundation for the base of the attached premises must be chosen the same as for a wooden house. In this case, the attached box can be built on a columnar foundation. Such a scheme is simpler and cheaper than a tape or pile version.

If the purchased wooden cottage has problems with the shrinkage of part of the supports, then it is best to make a remote MZL foundation that will cover both the old building and the new building.

Important! In this case, the problem of joining the bases of the attached and main wooden premises is automatically solved.

In order to make a columnar foundation, you will need:

• Clear upper layer soil under the base of the extension, remove the sod, remove the grass and the remains of the roots, the surface is covered with geotextile so that weeds do not grow, covered with a layer of sand and rammed in two or three passes;
• The next step is to make columnar supports, the easiest way is to build supports by casting a concrete mixture into a wooden formwork. If the site has a slope of the surface, then the supports must be connected to each other with reinforcement bundles, even without embedding it in concrete. Anchor studs, 100-150 mm high, are embedded in the supporting surface of the pillars;
• Approximately four hours after pouring, it is necessary to trim the supporting surface so that all sites are located in the same strictly horizontal plane.

After the concrete has set, it is necessary to remove the wooden formwork and make waterproofing, it is best to paste over the supports with roofing material on bituminous mastic. Next, you need to build the harness and the base of the extension, which will connect the sole of the attached room with the foundation of the wooden building.

Connecting the foundation to the base of a wooden house

Strapping can be done no earlier than three days after pouring concrete. In winter, the exposure time is doubled. First you need to build a mounting plane. To do this, one beam is laid on two edge rows of columnar supports, so that they are parallel to the wooden wall of the house. Next, a support beam is sewn onto the adjacent wall of the wooden house, this must be done strictly along the horizon line.

Cross beams of the strapping column foundation at one end they will freely rest on a beam sewn to the wall, the rest of the wooden strapping after alignment will be fixed on the supports. In this way, it is possible to build and connect the foundations of an extension and a wooden house using a flexible ligament.

If you make a concrete strip foundation for a wooden house and an attached room, then the connection between the bases will need to be built according to the diagram below. An expansion joint is made between the concrete strips of the two foundations, into which a triple-folded glass roofing material is laid.

Installation of the floor in the annex

After finishing work with the foundation, before building the floor and load-bearing elements of the walls, you need to do, as they say, "welding" wooden parts. The foundation wood is subjected to a three-fold treatment:

• The fungus, woodworms are etched with an aqueous solution of chrompic, the second pass must be processed wooden structures vitriol oil;
• The next run, the wooden beams are fired blowtorch or gas burner to make the pores in the wood susceptible to finishing drying oil or oil paint;
• Color everything wooden elements foundation of the extension with a protective compound, it is best to do the treatment with silicate protective paints.

For your information! After impregnation with organosilicon protective compounds a wooden extension can be built even on wet marshy ground.

Before building the floor, it is necessary to measure the distance between the cross beams of the strapping in order to make the floor as strong as possible, without creaking boards and deflections. The distance between the lags should be no more than 60 cm, so the strapping beams are either diluted with intermediate beams, or oblique wooden corners are sewn on.

The next step is to do the flooring. The lower plane of the wooden strapping is lined with a tongue-and-groove board, plywood or an ordinary sawlog. Waterproofing and mineral seal mats are laid inside the box, then another layer of vapor barrier film is laid, and the future floor can be laid with a rough floorboard. As long as the board is only tacked to the base, the finished floor can be built after the walls and ceiling have been erected.

Extension windows and doors

One of the most difficult stages in the construction of an extension is associated with the construction of supporting pillars of the walls and ceiling. For the equipment of the load-bearing racks of a wooden extension, a bar with a section of 90x90 mm is used, preferably spruce or pine, but always of the first grade, without knots or signs of damage to the fibers.

Instead of an expensive bar, racks can be made from a forty board. Two edged boards are knocked down at the edges with nails and dissolved into blocks for circular saw. For each pair, you need to make sizing with carpentry glue, and then dry it under pressure. From a home-made timber, you can easily make load-bearing racks, floor beams, window and door frames without any problems.

Homemade beams are installed vertically on the strapping beam and fastened with struts. After alignment, the elements of the future frame are sewn together with beams of the upper and middle strapping. After assembling the racks, you need to make blanks for window and door openings.

Boxes can be built directly into the extension frame or made separately in size window frames. The door hatch is installed together with the door, reinforced with struts and side ligaments. If it is supposed to use a plastic door and windows, then the transitional wooden frame can be immediately fixed to the frame using mounting foam.

Roof and its docking with the main roof

Before building the roof and walls of the extension, it is necessary to lay the beams of the ceiling. Laying principle ceiling beams practically does not differ from the construction of lags for the floor.

Initially, the upper ceiling trim is marked for laying another layer wooden beam- Mauerlat, on which it will be possible to build a roof frame. Next, in the upper harness and the Mauerlat beam, you need to make cuts or cut the grooves for laying the ceiling beam.

Depending on the size of the wooden extension, the overlap is made from a bar of 70x90 mm or 90x90 mm. In places of tie-in, the floor beams are attached to the upper trim with self-tapping bolts. After assembling the ceiling, it is necessary to lay the Mauerlat beams, after combining the sawn grooves with the protrusions of the ceiling beams, it is nailed to the upper strapping of the wooden frame of the extension.

Before building truss frame roofs, experts recommend hemming the ceiling with a grooved board, you can use OSB boards or moisture-resistant plywood, 15-18 mm thick. Ceiling filing will give the opportunity to work freely and move around the ceiling.

Common roof rafters

In order to build a common roof truss system for a wooden house and an extension, it will be necessary to disassemble and remove the roofing of the adjacent slope. If an attic room is built on the second floor of the cottage, then the lower part of the rafters will need to be removed. So that the frame of the attic room does not deform, it is necessary to make several struts or stops to compensate for the pressure on the attic roofing cake from the opposite side.

In order to build a new slope, it is enough to replace the old rafters with new, longer and heavier ones. The upper end of the rafters rests on the auxiliary ridge bar of the attic, with the lower cut they stand on the Mauerlat of the upper trim of the extension.

To compensate for the weight of the heavier new rafters, an additional brace-reinforced support must be built under each beam. Next, a crate, cornice and wind slats are stuffed onto the rafters. If attic space is planned to be built in an insulated version, it will be necessary to build a counter-lattice and ventilation of the roofing pie.

Roof finishing and insulation

The main difficulty faced in the process of restoring or laying a new roofing is the limited access to insulating and insulating materials of the upper roof slope. In order to build reliable insulation and waterproofing of the roof, without cold bridges and lines of condensate leakage, it is necessary to connect the vapor barrier membranes of the upper and lower roof slopes very tightly and with high quality.

This is not easy to do. To build a single protection, it is necessary to lift the bottom row of slate or metal tiles in order to run the film under the roofing and securely glue it to the top layer of the film material.

The rest of the roll of waterproofing and vapor barrier film is rolled down the slope and fixed with the slats of the counter-lattice. The heater returns to its place. To prevent the redistribution of condensate from warmer layers to colder parts of the roof, the roof insulation must be built from the same material. If it is not possible to build up the enlarged plane of the new slope with a material identical to the old insulation, then it is better to replace the fiber boards throughout the roof with new mats.

To build the first row of roofing on the line of joining the slopes, it is necessary to make a transition node. Usually it is a wooden plank cut with a wedge or a bar stuffed along the edge of the upper slope. This must be done, since the angle of inclination of the new slope, under which the extension and part of the wooden house fit, has become smaller, which means that part of the rainwater can penetrate through the junction line. To avoid leakage, the joint line is glued with polyurethane foam and bituminous mastic.

Construction and wall insulation

After the roof and ceiling have been assembled, waterproofing and insulation have been laid, it is necessary to build the insulation of the walls and floor of the wooden extension. Initially, you need to check how much the geometry of the walls has changed, window and door openings have deformed under load from the weight of the truss system, insulation and ceiling. In places where the formed cracks and gaps are visible to the naked eye, it will be necessary to tighten and align the racks so that they return to their original place, this can be done with an ordinary heavy hammer and mount.

After leveling the places where the gaps have formed, they are reinforced with metal plates, if the vertical stand has led, then two additional horizontal struts will need to be made. The walls of the wooden extension are reinforced with horizontal and side braces at the installation sites of window frames and doors.

Further, the outer surface of the extension frame is sewn up with a rail, if it is supposed to be made into a siding, then the bar can be filled in increments of 1.5 cm, in other cases the surface is clogged solid. The next step is to build the insulation of the room, most often fiber mineral thermal insulation, which is glued with adhesive tape and blown with foam. A vapor barrier is laid on top of the basalt fiber.

The inner part of the upholstery of the walls can be made of wooden lath, but most often in extensions they use OSB boards or plywood, but with the same success, the walls can be lined with drywall or MDF panels.

To insulate the floor, you can use cheaper expanded clay backfill, the material is quite strong and durable, on its basis you can build an ideal warm base wooden outbuilding. Its only drawback is the strong absorption of water, if the extension room is heated intermittently for several days, then in a month the expanded clay will become wet from condensate, and it will be extremely difficult to dry it.

Some legal points

One of the reasons why the owners decide to build an additional room to a wooden house is a common misconception that light wooden extensions are not subject to registration with state authorities.

In fact, the situation is ambiguous. On the one hand, the Town Planning Code states that only small structures and details of capital buildings that do not affect communications, characteristics, fire safety and load-bearing elements of the structure are classified as non-permanent buildings. These include canopies, canopies, balconies and porch groups built on the same foundation with a capital house.

It is difficult to build an ordinary extension to a wooden house so that it looks like a balcony or a porch. The only exception is an extension in the form of a porch group or a covered veranda. It is enough to declare such an extension as an explicit character. To do this, an application is submitted to the BTI to amend the passport of a wooden house. In fact, a decision will be made, on the basis of which it is possible to re-register the documents.

For all other options for an extension to a wooden house, regardless of the size, material and foundation scheme, before starting work, it will be necessary to issue a building permit, provide a package of documents and pay a fee. All that remains is to build an extension and sign an acceptance certificate at the inspection.

The package of documents includes:

• cadastral plan,
• Passport for a wooden house;
• Site plan;
• Copies of documents of the owner;
• Extension project.

After agreement with supervisory authorities and a positive decision of the commission, it will be possible to register the property and make changes to the technical passport.

Conclusion

You can build an additional room to a wooden house without permission. If all the norms of SNiPs for the construction of extensions are observed, then it is possible to register an unauthorized construction by a court decision. As a rule, objects with a readiness of more than 60% that do not pose a threat to the population and the environment receive a positive decision. This is not a quick and expensive business, sometimes it is easier and cheaper to build a wooden extension than to register it.

Filimonov Evgeny

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Frame extension to the house

How to create a frame extension to the house, the reliability of the construction of the foundation, walls, floor and roof. Stages of work, advice on insulation. Extension types.

Over time, the living area gets used and you want to expand it, for this case you will need a frame extension to the house, which will be a great solution. So that all the pitfalls do not bring problems, below is described in detail what the extension is intended for. How to choose the right foundation, features of creating a strip and column foundation. What to choose for the floor wood or concrete, how the walls and frame are erected. How is a reliable overlap and roofing. What is the literacy of floor and wall insulation.

What is the technological feature of the extension, what are the ways to install the frame extension to wooden floor. Construction stages frame house with your own hands. How to create a construction project, how an additional living room, kitchen or bath is being built, especially the installation of a veranda.

How to choose a frame extension to a wooden house, fastening to a wooden structure, the importance of finishing. What materials and tools are used, how the site is planned, how to choose the material for the floor: concrete or wood.

When, for various reasons, it becomes necessary to expand the living space of a private house, the most economical and technologically simplest option is a frame extension. Its advantage is the speed of construction with your own hands with a minimum skill in working with a carpentry tool. Step-by-step instructions for the stages of construction will help to make a useful and beautiful extension that will last for many years.

So that the extension does not subsequently have to be transformed, even at the planning stage, you should consider the nuances of the design.

First, decide on the purpose of the new premises.

1. Additional room. The construction of an additional room is tantamount to building a house with a small area. All structures of the new building must be thoroughly insulated, otherwise the heating of such a room will be inefficient due to the large heat loss. You should not save on waterproofing and insulation of the foundation, otherwise dampness and mold on the walls will make it impossible to live in such a room.
2. Kitchen or bathroom. Take care of the engineering communications before you start building the foundation. Places where water pipes pass or sewer pipes through the foundation must be well insulated. This is easier and cheaper to do at the construction stage.
3. Veranda represents light extension to the house of open or glazed type. Used for summer holidays. The building is not heated, so the design is extremely simple: flooring, walls and roof on supports. Do not forget about harmony, the veranda should be combined with the house in terms of scale, style and construction materials.

We select the base

The veranda can be attached or built-in. If the second one is planned at the stage of building a house, then for the first one you will need to build a separate foundation. With a gap from the wall of about 40 mm. Otherwise, during shrinkage, the monolithic base will collapse due to the different weights of the veranda and the house. The seismicity of the soil and the weight of the future building are taken into account. A lightweight foundation erected on soil prone to heaving will “lead”, and the extension will move away from the house. Such a base is designed for light walls; shrinkage is inevitable under the weight of brickwork.

Different materials are used for construction: concrete, brick, stone, piles made of wood, metal or concrete.

It is important to choose the right depth and type of foundation for the extension:

• tape;
• slab;
• columnar;
• pile;
• pile-grillage.

In private construction, when erecting a base for a veranda, a columnar or tape structure is most often used. Let us consider in more detail the step-by-step instructions for arranging the foundations.

Strip foundation

For large and heavy buildings, a tape type of foundation is chosen. It is advisable to perform it from concrete in this sequence.

1. With the help of twine and pegs, markup is made along which the trench will be dug.
2. The soil is chosen to the depth of the sole of the foundation of the house. Sand is poured at the bottom, rammed. A layer of crushed stone is laid on top, which is also compacted with a manual rammer.
3. Formwork is prepared equal to the height of the future foundation. Waterproofing is laid inside along the perimeter and welded reinforcement is installed on a layer of rubble.
4. A concrete solution is prepared in a ratio of 1:3:6 (cement, sand, crushed stone).
5. poured ready mix 1/3 of the formwork. After solidification, fill the remaining height. The solution is compacted with a vibrator to remove air bubbles. Or tapping with a hammer on the walls of the formwork.
6. The top is level. Cover with foil. While the solution is gaining strength, periodically wet the surface to prevent cracks.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

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Important. Before erecting walls on the foundation, it is necessary to apply waterproofing. Use roll materials or mastic.

Column Foundation

For a light frame veranda, it is appropriate to erect a columnar base, which is built of brick, rubble stone or concrete. Or a combination of these materials. Pits under the pillars are dug to a depth below the freezing of the soil. The step between the posts is about 60 cm.

Work sequence:

• dig square holes 50 x 50 cm. Sand is poured into the bottom and carefully compacted;
• a layer of concrete mortar is laid, and after complete setting, they begin to erect brick supports. Use the level so that the masonry is strictly vertical;
• the concrete support is made in the same way as the tape type foundation: the inside of the formwork is wrapped with waterproofing and a reinforced frame is inserted. The form is filled with concrete, and the top is leveled. Wet concrete a couple of times a day to avoid cracking;
• after complete drying, the formwork is removed, waterproofing is applied to the pole, covered with several layers of roofing material on top - the material will protect wooden beam floors from getting wet;
• the remaining voids are filled with backfill: soil mixed with crushed stone is poured, its ramming is carried out every 15 cm of the layer.

Floor: wood or concrete

A concrete or wooden floor is arranged on a tape type foundation. The base on the pillars is obviously calculated for arranging a wooden floor.

Consider both technologies:

1. Concrete. Inside the foundation, soil is selected to a depth of 35 cm. sand cushion, well tamped. Then you can fill it with rubble, but expanded clay is used to insulate the screed. Enough 20 cm layer. A reinforcing grate is laid on top. With the help of the level, beacons are set, which are then poured cement screed. Lay tile or wood flooring on top.
2. The wooden floor is equipped along the floor beams, which are laid on the base on top of the waterproofing. The beam with the foundation is connected with through fasteners, anchors or self-tapping screws. In the corners they are connected with a direct lock and additionally fixed with corners. Next, lags are mounted, insulation is laid and flooring is laid.

Construction of the frame and walls

Wall structures are erected from timber, fastened to previously assembled crown beams of the strapping. Wall elements are assembled on a flat area in horizontal position, and then the finished wall shield is mounted in vertical position or each beam is connected to the beam in series.

Step-by-step instruction:

• On the lower strapping bars, every 50 cm, make a cut for vertical racks.
• Mount the racks, fixing the corners and screws.
• Assemble the top harness.
• The veranda is connected to the house by attaching a vertical beam to the wall.
• Fix all racks adjacent to the house with anchor bolts.
• It is better to immediately sheathe the finished "skeleton" of the veranda from the outside with plywood, boards or OSB. This will give the structure rigidity.
• After erecting and insulating the roof, insert windows and doors.

Covering and roofing

Shed type of roof is combined with almost any roof of the house, therefore it is the most common configuration. Let's consider it.

1. The rafters are installed at one end under the slope of the roof of the house, and at the other they rest on the wall of the veranda. Fix metal corners. The main thing is to accurately choose the angle of inclination.
2. The rafter legs should protrude at least 30 cm beyond the wall boundary. Such a roof overhang will protect the walls of the veranda from precipitation.
3. The issue of roofing is decided in advance. Usually choose the material with which the house is covered. Under the soft roof, solid material is laid on the rafters: plywood, OSB sheets or frequent crate. Slate or metal tiles are laid on the rafters if the logs are installed in small increments.
4. The structure is covered with waterproofing, which is selected individually for the coating material.
5. Roofing starts from the bottom of the rafters.
6. For insulation, mineral wool is used, which is laid between the rafters. The ceiling is sewn up with boards or panels and decorated.

Wall and floor insulation

Mineral wool is used as an insulating material for walls. The mats are easily and quickly laid between the frame bars, as can be seen in the photo. When laying insulation in several layers, the mats are shifted relative to each other in order to exclude heat loss through the connecting seams.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

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The insulation is covered on both sides with a vapor and wind insulating material that will protect the material from the accumulation of moisture, and sheathed with a finishing material on top.

Internal walls can be sheathed with chipboard, drywall and covered with wallpaper or lined with clapboard. For the exterior wall, use wood, siding, or materials that match the finish of the home.

Wall cake towards outer wall looks like that:

• internal lining;
• vapor barrier;
• insulation material;
• wind insulation;
• outer lining.

Gender on wooden joists they are insulated similarly to walls: mineral wool is laid on the subfloor between the lags, having previously covered the boards with a waterproofing membrane. A second layer of waterproofing is laid on top of the insulation, and then leveled with plywood. After that, a fine floor covering is mounted.

A concrete floor can be insulated in the same way as a wooden floor, dry screed can be applied, a concrete screed can be made and water or electric heating can be installed.

Home craftsmen often overlook the need to comply with safety regulations. Use personal protective equipment and a well-functioning reliable tool, and then you will have only the warmest memories from the construction of the extension.