Normal temperature and humidity in the room. What is the normal humidity in the house?
Recently, interest in humidity has increased. There are optimal values for this parameter and adjustment methods.
One of the parameters of the air in the apartment is the humidity of the air. This indicator affects the person's perception of the ambient temperature. A person's well-being is directly related to the level of humidity. Therefore, many are wondering - what is the humidity of the air is considered normal in the apartment?
The concept of the term
The amount of water vapor present in the air mass of a room is called humidity. The parameter changes according to the season. With the onset of winter, the premises begin to be heated, which leads to heating of the air. This in turn affects its dryness.
In the presence of poor heating, the air temperature does not rise, and there is more moisture.
The parameter is divided into two types:
- Relative - implies the ratio of the actual volume of water in the air under certain conditions, expressed as a percentage.
- Absolute - implies the content of 1 gram of water in 1 m3 of air.
Relative humidity in the room is a generally accepted parameter. The level of humidity determines the state of the microclimate.
What causes high and low moisture
A low level can lead to the following problems:
- Reducing the elastic properties of hair, nails, skin;
- The mucous membrane of the eyes begins to dry, which leads to redness or itching;
- The blood becomes thicker, which is reflected in general condition body (weakness, decreased ability to work, pain in the head);
- The mucous membranes of the respiratory system begin to dry, which has an impact on the decrease in immune protective functions;
- An increase in the number of allergens that lead to the fact that an allergy to moisture and dampness appears.
Low values of the parameter lead to increased loss of moisture through the skin and respiratory tract.
If the value becomes high, the following consequences occur:
- The appearance of fungal and mold formations;
- The appearance of a feeling of dampness in the house;
- The rate of reproduction of bacteria increases;
- Rapid food spoilage.
High or low humidity affects not only the human body, but also interior items. Houseplants can start or begin to rot if there is more or less moisture. Furniture, flooring, paper items are also affected.
Normalized values
Based on the seasonal period and the purpose of the premises, it is known different meanings. For residential premises, the parameters are characteristic:
- The minimum air humidity in summer is 30-60%. Level can be maxed out up to 65%. In some areas, the norm has been increased to 75% due to the increased moisture content
- The norm in winter is 30-45%. The highest level of 60% is allowed.
For other premises (bathroom, toilet, pantry, corridor), the value of the indicator is not standardized.
The optimal value is considered to be 45%. Normal humidity in a children's room corresponds to a value of 50-70%. If the child has ARVI-type diseases and other infectious diseases a value of at least 60% should be maintained.
Measurement methods
The percentage of moisture can be measured using auxiliary equipment- hygrometer. This device is used by specialists of different laboratories. But they use professional equipment. For housing, you can purchase a hygrometer with simple mechanism action (the error of such a device is 3-5%). You can find a thermometer or watch that comes with a hygrometer. There are other ways to define this parameter.
With a glass of water
Comfortable humidity depends on the amount of moisture in the air. The method involves the use of a glass of water. This glass is cooled in the refrigerator to a temperature of 3-5°C. It usually takes 3 hours to reach the required temperature. Then the glass is placed where there is no temperature difference, i.e. away from the battery. Condensation should form on the walls of the container, which should be monitored. After 5 minutes, the following results are possible:
- Drying of glass indicates reduced moisture;
- Remaining fogging indicates that a valid value is present;
- The flow of water trickles suggests a high water content.
This method fails to find exact value, but may indicate an over or under value.
Using a thermometer and an Assmann table
This method is based on measuring moisture with a psychrometer. This device is formed by two thermometers. At home, you can make a similar device with your own hands, using a conventional thermometer to measure air temperature. The air temperature is pre-measured, then the end of the thermometer is wrapped in a damp cloth. After five minutes, the temperature of the tissue is measured. The value will be lower than usual.
After measurements, it is required to use the Assmann table, which displays the value of relative humidity based on two temperatures. Find the measured temperature in the table (the vertical column corresponds to the dry bulb readings). Calculating the difference between dry and wet bulbs, find appropriate value on the horizontal line of the table. At the intersection of these values is the value of the relative value. It may be close to the value that corresponds to the recommended humidity in the home.
With a fir cone
This method involves the use of spruce cones. It should be placed away from heating devices. After a few hours, the bump may change. With a larger opening of the scales, we can talk about the presence of a small amount of moisture. If there was a dense compression of the form, then there is a lot of moisture.
Humidity change
Normal air humidity in the apartment should be in the range of 30-65%. Moreover, 65% corresponds to the upper acceptable limit. If this range is not respected, you can apply various ways changes in indicators. To increase the indicators, you should adhere to the following principles:
- Having an aquarium or fountain will add moisture;
- Minimize the use of heating and air conditioning equipment;
- Purchase humidifiers;
- Use a spray bottle to spray water;
- The presence of indoor flowers;
- Performing wet cleaning.
To reduce the level of humidity, there are such rules:
- Ventilate the room regularly;
- Install a ventilating device;
- Buy dehumidifiers;
- The use of heating devices is allowed;
- Do not dry clothes indoors;
- Prevent damage to water pipes and plumbing.
In the presence of a sick child, the humidity must be increased to a value of 70%. But the temperature must be controlled. After all, the highest air temperature cannot be more than 24 ° C.
Symptoms of poor health may depend on the humidity in the room. Given this parameter, you can warn the body against many diseases, prevent the appearance of mold, and preserve interior items.
To provide comfortable conditions it is necessary to clarify what is the norm of air humidity in the apartment. With the help of today's publication, you can quickly learn the theory and practice on a given topic. The knowledge gained will be useful for solving practical issues at reasonable cost.
Read in the article:
Air humidity - what is it
To eliminate errors and better understand individual important processes the basic definitions need to be clarified. Air can only hold a limited amount of moisture. When conducting an experiment with maintaining static pressure and lowering the temperature, condensate is formed.
This level is called the "dew point" by analogy with the natural natural phenomenon, which in the morning can be observed on the grass Absolute humidity is called, which is determined by the formula:
P = m / o , Where:
- m is the total mass of water;
- ABOUT is the volume of measured air.
Taking into account the above information about the effect of temperature, the relative indicator is more informative. To calculate it, take the value of absolute humidity and divide by the maximum allowable water content in the atmosphere, corresponding to certain conditions. The result obtained is multiplied by 100. This is the relative humidity. It is it that is indicated in the standards, measured using specialized instruments.
The relationship between the parameters is shown in the following table:
| Air temperature in the room, in °C | Level in °C (dew point), which corresponds to relative humidity in % | |||||
| 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 90% | |
| 30 | 10,5 | 14,9 | 18,4 | 18,4 | 23,9 | 28,2 |
| 25 | 6,2 | 10,5 | 13,9 | 16,7 | 19,1 | 23,2 |
| 20 | 1,9 | 6 | 9,3 | 12 | 14,4 | 18,3 |
| 15 | -2,2 | 1,5 | 4,7 | 7,3 | 9,6 | 13,4 |
| 10 | -6 | -2,6 | 0,1 | 2,6 | 4,8 | 8,4 |
Before finding out what air humidity in an apartment is considered normal, you need to understand the mechanism for changing this parameter. From general information it can be concluded that a significant decrease in the concentration of moisture in winter period when the temperature drops below zero. Hence, Negative influence the corresponding standard will be provided by the usual ventilation of the premises.
Separately, it is necessary to consider the persistent myth about the "overdried" heating appliances air. This technique is really capable of converting water into vapor particles. However, it will not leave the room if there is no effective exhaust ventilation.
What actually reduces the level of humidity is equipment that is designed to lower the temperature. Moisture is concentrated on the cooled plates of the air conditioner heat exchanger. Drops roll into a special tray and are removed through a special tube into the drainage.
The humidity level in the Finnish steam room is constant
However, the use of a "Russian bath" or "hamam" implies a high concentration of water in the atmosphere of the room. Humidity increases:
- in showers and bathrooms;
- in the kitchen during cooking;
- during the operation of steam generators, air humidifiers.
Optimum air humidity in the apartment - GOST requirements
For detailed information and clarifications, use the primary source. IN this case we are talking about GOST 30494 (2012) "Indoor microclimate parameters", which entered into force on 01/01/2013 ( latest amendments made in 2016).
For your information! Do not confuse with the outdated edition of 1996. It is often referred to in response to questions about what air humidity in an apartment is considered normal. There are several important changes in the new operating documents.
This standard is designed for residential, public, educational real estate. It defines the boundaries of the values of humidity, temperature and air mobility, which, with prolonged exposure to the human body, are unable to harm health. regulate acceptable indicators taking into account the possibility of a certain discomfort, which is caused by individual physiological characteristics.
Also use the concept of "optimal" parameters. They are understood as a combination of the above factors, which does not activate the natural functions of thermoregulation. At the same time, comfortable conditions are provided for people in the room with a statistical sample of at least 80% according to a special research methodology.
A person’s stay in a room for at least 2 hours in a row or 6 hours accumulative for the whole day is considered permanent. The period of the year is called cold when the temperature is equal to or below + 8 ° C ( average for 24 hours). In detail, the rooms are classified into 6 categories, taking into account the type of occupation, clothing. Below are the standards for residential properties.
| Periods | Premises | The norm of humidity in the room for a person,% | Air temperature in the room, °C | Air speed, m/s | |||
| Optimal values (OZ) | Permissible values (DZ) | OZ | DZ | OZ | DZ | ||
| Cold | Living room | 30−45 | 60 | 20−22 | 18−24 | 0,15 | 0,2 |
| Kitchen | No rationing (N/N) | N/N | 19−21 | 18−26 | 0,15 | 0,2 | |
| Bathroom, shower room, shared bathroom | N/N | N/N | 24−26 | 18−26 | 0,15 | 0,2 | |
| Toilet | N/N | N/N | 19−21 | 18−26 | 0,15 | 0,2 | |
| Bedroom, office | 30−45 | 60 | 20−22 | 18−24 | 0,15 | 0,2 | |
| Corridor between apartments | 30−45 | 60 | 18−20 | 16−22 | N/N | N/N | |
| Staircase | N/N | N/N | 16−18 | 14−20 | N/N | N/N | |
| Storerooms and utility rooms | N/N | N/N | 16−18 | 12−22 | N/N | N/N | |
| Warm (above +8°C) | Living room | 30−60 | 65 | 22−25 | 20−28 | 0,2 | 0,3 |
What humidity should be in the apartment in summer
For the warm season, the norms are increased. In good weather, users often ventilate the room. The air parameters outside are quite favorable, so it is not difficult to meet the requirements of the standards.
Detail application technical means to adjust the microclimate parameters is discussed below. However, it can be seen that such equipment can be used in rainy weather to reduce the level of humidity.
What should be the humidity in the apartment in winter
During this period, they use reduced standards. It should be remembered that it is necessary to take into account all significant factors in order to create comfortable and healthy conditions.
In winter, you will have to solve the problem of sufficient ventilation while maintaining a normal level of humidity.
What humidity should be in the child's room
At the stage of formation of the body, individual physiological mechanisms are unable to perform their functions fully. In particular, thermoregulation is difficult.
Related article:
In the publication, we will consider the criteria for choosing humidifiers, manufacturers and best models, optimal prices and expert advice.
The growth of the body is accompanied by the active production of heat. Its removal is carried out together with the exhaled air and through the skin. The second way is accompanied by the release of sweat, the loss of valuable moisture and useful salt components. Lack of fluid makes digestion difficult. Mucous membranes dry out. getting worse appearance and condition skin.
Taking into account the above facts, experienced children's doctors recommend maintaining the temperature range in the children's room from + 18 ° C to + 20 ° C. The value of +22°C is considered a threshold value and should not be exceeded. At the same time, a sufficient supply of fluids must be ensured along with food and drink. It is necessary to take a bath regularly and maintain the optimal humidity for the baby in the room at 50-60%. For the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases, experts recommend maintaining a level of 60-70%
How to measure the humidity in the apartment
Hygrometer - a device for measuring the humidity of the air in a room
What and how the hygrometer measures is explained in this figure. Ether or another easily evaporating liquid is poured into a small container (2). Using the usual "pear" (4), air is pumped through it, which is accompanied by a gradual cooling of the metal case. At some point, condensation forms on the outer polished surface (1). Record this temperature using the built-in thermometer (3). Further, according to the dew point value in the table, the corresponding relative humidity value is found.
Devices in this category are more convenient, because with fine adjustment, you can immediately see the result on the scale. In this case, they use the property of the exemplary material to change size with an increase / decrease in the level of humidity in the apartment.
For your information! If hair is applied, it is recommended to remove fat. This treatment will eliminate barriers to moisture penetration. Instead, special films made from organic materials are used.
If humidified air is pumped through a hygroscopic sample, the measured parameter can be determined from the change in weight. But this and the methods listed above do not correspond to the habits of modern users.
This technique performs its functions using different principles:
- By supplementing the condensation hygrometer with a light emitter and a photocell, they create an automated installation for fixing the dew point.
- With fluctuations in the level of humidity in the apartment, the resistance of the electrolyte or the porous sensor will change accordingly.
- With the help of appropriate electronic circuits measure the capacitance of capacitors (some metal oxide and polymer models are suitable).
The resulting value is corrected taking into account the readings of the built-in sensor and temperature. The final results are displayed on the screen. A well-equipped electronic hygrometer has the following advantages:
- The large LCD screen does not consume much power.
- Lights are installed to improve visibility.
- In addition to the relative humidity in the apartment, temperature, time, calendar, and other useful information are displayed.
- Allowed addition external sensors to control parameters in several rooms and outside the building.
- The received data is transmitted over the Internet, used to control household appliances.
Determining the level of humidity using the Assman psychrometric table
This technology is reproduced using simple measuring instruments at home. They take two alcohol thermometers, fix them on a single panel for convenience. The tip of one is dipped into a wad of tissue that is wetted clean water. The readings obtained using this table are converted into an operational value of air humidity in the apartment.
Despite the emergence of modern electronic models, such devices are in demand. They are cheap and perform their functions without batteries. Despite the apparent primitiveness, a sufficiently high measurement accuracy is ensured. In some manufactured products, the scale division value is not more than 0.2 ° C.
For an objective analysis, the following limitations and features should be mentioned:
- Alcohol-containing liquid is harmless, but fragile glass parts of the structure can be damaged even with a weak blow.
- A standard room air humidity meter of this type is designed for operation in the operating range from -10°C to +40°C.
- If the measurement is performed at a temperature below +23°C, the air humidity in the apartment is determined only from the level of 40% or more.
- A strong draft (flow velocity greater than 1 m/s) significantly degrades accuracy.
"Glass of water" and other simple techniques
How humidity is measured is clear from the previous sections. However correct conclusions can be done by indirect signs or with the help of improvised means.
Dry skin also indicates the need for correction of microclimatic parameters.
Excess moisture, on the contrary, can lead to mold and mildew. For a quick check, fill a glass with tap water to the middle, place it in the refrigerator compartment (standard temperature is from +4 to +6 ° C). After 1-1.5 hours, the measuring device is removed, installed on any flat surface away from heating appliances, other heat sources. Avoid direct hit sun rays. If after 6-8 minutes water drops remain on the walls, then the humidity in the apartment is normal. Condensate drying/drip dripping down corresponds to a lower/increased level, respectively.
You can also use a standard alcohol thermometer. Measure the temperature normally. Next, lower the device into cotton wool or other porous material moistened with water. Using the data obtained and the Assmann psychrometric table, obtain the value of air humidity in the apartment.
What are the consequences of deviations from the norm of air humidity in the apartment
Normal humidity in the apartment should be such that a person feels comfortable. The above figures are based on official research. However, keep in mind that they are averages. In order not to be mistaken, it is necessary to take into account individual characteristics. People suffering from asthmatic attacks may experience discomfort with high and low levels of humidity in the apartment.
Lack of water impairs immunity, the effectiveness of the body's defense systems. The nutrition of hair roots, integumentary and other tissues is disturbed. There are cosmetic defects. Drainage of the mucous membranes is accompanied by pains in the eyes. The saturation of the blood with oxygen decreases.
Excessive humidity creates a favorable environment for the vital activity of ticks, various harmful microorganisms. Some of them provoke the occurrence of extremely dangerous and chronic diseases. If the norms are not observed, children and older people are at particular risk.
Approximately the same range is provided by the developers household appliances. A high concentration of water in the atmosphere of the room intensifies the corrosion processes that destroy strong metals. Under such conditions, oxides are formed that disrupt the normal conductivity of electrical circuits. It is difficult to localize the corresponding faults. It is they who quite often disable high-quality smartphones, TVs, and other equipment.
For tropical plants air humidity level must be increased This example once again confirms the correctness individual approach. To maintain a special microclimate, individual rooms must be well isolated from other parts of the property.
Ways to normalize moisture
The total score of all important facts explains the benefits preventive measures. Maintaining the optimal rate of air humidity in the apartment helps to save cash, prevents accidents and diseases. It remains only to figure out how to solve the problem correctly. To do this, we will consider sequentially specialized equipment and technologies that are used in practice.
How to increase the humidity in the apartment with the help of modern technology
This technique creates the smallest water droplets using high-frequency vibrations of the working element. To the listed advantages, you can add compactness, reasonable cost, nice appearance of modern models.
Expert opinion
Ask a specialist“If hard water is used, a whitish coating may appear on the surfaces in the room. Scale salts clog the working ducts, so pre-filtration of the liquid must be applied.”
Sets of disks are installed in such devices. During rotation, these blocks are wetted with water at the bottom. Affordable cost distinguishes products of this category.
Important! Wet working parts form a favorable environment for bacteria, therefore, during operation, it is necessary to strictly follow the rules for regular cleaning.
Multifunctional humidifiers are complemented by a built-in hygrometer. Such devices maintain a user-defined level of humidity in the apartment, taking into account real conditions. Additional equipment:
- flavor;
HVAC design engineer (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) LLC "ASP North-West"
Ask a specialist“How long the humidifier in the room should work to normalize the parameters is indicated in the official documents of the manufacturer. They usually lead maximum dimensions rooms in m². It should be remembered that the corresponding value is given for rooms with standard height ceilings - no more than 3 m.
How to increase the humidity in the room using improvised means
A similar result can be obtained using a manual spray gun, frequent wet cleaning.
Ways to reduce the humidity in the apartment to normal
In swimming pools and for problem solving industrial scale use specialized moisture absorbers.
It is easy to make such a design yourself. A special tablet is placed on the top shelf. It absorbs moisture from the air and converts it into a saline solution. For its accumulation, an appropriate reservoir is installed below. It is emptied manually.
For your information! Devices of this type are characterized by low performance. A standard tablet remains functional for up to 5 months. At one gas station, it turns out to collect 0.6-0.8 liters of liquid.
Maintaining a normal level of humidity in the apartment is necessary to create a healthy and comfortable environment. Careful preliminary preparation will help determine the project parameters, select a set of equipment. In emergency situations, improvised means and simple specialized techniques will come in handy. Give your own examples in the comments to the post. good decisions. Ask questions here and share your opinion about different samples technology.
This video shows how to make an air humidity meter in an apartment.
Lately, there has been a lot of talk about air humidity in the apartment, norm which ranges from 30% to 60%. Perhaps this is a publicity stunt for humidifier vendors. However, this indicator really affects well-being. Personally, I thought about this after watching Dr. Komarovsky's program on children's immunity.
However, keeping it on these indicators is not so easy. In winter - the air is dried up due to centralized heating, in summer the humidity is often increased. How to measure the humidity in the apartment and bring it back to normal?
To begin with, let's find out why excess or insufficient humidity is harmful to humans. Why bring it back to normal?
Our well-being directly depends on the level of humidity. Excessively dry air dries out our mucous membranes (eye, respiratory tract, nasopharynx) and can lead to a decrease in immunity, fatigue, deterioration of the skin. Yes, and just to discomfort. Excess moisture is quite capable of causing diseases such as asthma, allergies, rhinitis.
Children are especially sensitive to changes in humidity. That is why the level of humidity in the children's room must be treated most carefully.
And the room itself “suffers” from a lack or excess of moisture in the air. So, with dry air, parquet, furniture, etc. lose their appearance very quickly. wooden surfaces. Cracks may appear, objects "shrink".
Excessive humidity is even more detrimental to your apartment, because it can cause fungus, mold on the walls and especially in the corners where air movement is minimal. Quickly deteriorate under the influence of moisture and food products.
Humidity in the apartment: how to achieve the norm
So, standard rate humidity in the apartment, as we already wrote, is 30-60%, while the average level - 45% - is the most optimal. The level of humidity depends on the concentration of moisture outside the room. In winter, this difference is significant due to the operation of heating. To measure humidity, they use the good old hygrometer (I personally still have from my grandparents - 3 in 1: thermometer, hygrometer and barometer).
How to increase the humidity in the apartment
- The easiest way to bring the humidity in your home back to normal is to use a household humidifier.
Don't discount the height of the ceiling in your room when buying a humidifier. For example, we have a very high ceiling in the nursery (it is in the nursery that we use a humidifier), so the humidifier can barely cope with maintaining the humidity level. Should have bought a more powerful one.
- Increase quantity indoor plants. Firstly, they themselves have a positive effect on the humidity in the apartment (albeit slightly), and secondly, they will become a kind of hygrometer: if the leaves wrinkle and dry out, this is a sign of a lack of moisture in your apartment.
- If you are not a fan of indoor flowers, start an aquarium. Just don't forget to top up the evaporating water regularly.
- Everyone knows that it is necessary to ventilate the room not only in summer, but also in winter. There is nothing better fresh air. However, at the same time, oddly enough, the humidity in the apartment decreases, since cold air has low humidity. Therefore, when airing the apartment in winter, do not neglect the tips for humidifying the air in the apartment.
So that at the same time the house does not cool down, it is better not to leave the window open for a long time, but on the contrary - open the window wide open for 5-7 minutes. During this time, the air will have time to update, and heat loss will be minimized.
Do not forget that working Appliances(TV, computer, iron, etc.) dry the air in the room. To bring the humidity back to normal, try to ventilate these rooms more often or put a humidifier in them.
You can buy an air humidifier in a home appliance store, but personally it seems to me that it is easier to do it in an online store. Firstly, it is often much cheaper, and secondly, the choice of humidifiers here is simply huge, unlike the assortment of a regular store (2-4 models). Well, for example, on the website of a popular online hypermarket, a page with ultrasonic humidifiers air. Moreover, here each model is represented by several stores and there is an opportunity to compare prices and choose the most profitable one for yourself.
We bought this for our baby. Satisfied :) (My impression of him is in the article "")
How to reduce the humidity in the apartment
- After cooking, washing, bathing or showering, steam builds up. Therefore, these rooms must be ventilated immediately.
- Drying clothes in the house is undesirable. Better do it on outdoors or in a free room, closing the door to it and opening the window.
- To bring the air humidity in the apartment back to normal, in the summer do not curtain the windows in damp rooms, let the sun dry them out.
- By analogy with a humidifier, there are special moisture absorbers that contain an absorbent substance that absorbs excess moisture from the air, like a sponge.
And one more important point: working in summer time not only lowers the temperature of the air in the room, but also dries the air. Although it is easy to breathe in an air-conditioned room, this does not mean that the humidity is within the normal range. Therefore, it is advisable to use a humidifier in an air-conditioned room.
« Humidity in the apartment: the norm "especially for the site Eco-life
Most people, first of all, pay attention to air temperature, forgetting about such an important indicator as humidity. But it is on her that the feeling of heat or cold, general well-being, the condition of plants and the safety of household items depend. What is the norm of air humidity in the apartment, how does it affect the human body and not only.
Problems arising from lack or excess of moisture
Dry indoor air provokes increased moisture loss through the skin and respiratory tract. This may lead to such backfire, How:
- decrease in the elasticity of hair, nails and skin, accompanied by the appearance of microcracks, wrinkles, peeling, dermatitis;
- drying of the mucous membrane of the eyes, the symptoms of which are itching, redness, a feeling of "sand";
- thickening of the blood, leading to a slowdown in its circulation, weakness, headache, decreased performance, increased stress on the heart;
- an increase in the viscosity of gastric and intestinal juices, provoking a slowdown in digestion;
- drying of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, the consequence of which is a weakening of local immunity and an increase in the frequency of SARS;
- an increase in the amount of respiratory allergens in the atmosphere, which should normally be bound by liquid droplets.
Excess moisture in the air creates acceptable conditions for the reproduction of mold, fungi, bacteria. As a result, you may encounter the following problems:
- respiratory diseases - chronic runny nose, bronchitis, asthma, allergies; a feeling of stuffiness or dampness in the room;
- bad smell due to the multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms;
- increasing the drying time of the washed laundry.
Excessive or insufficient moisture in the house has a bad effect on the condition of objects home furnishings. Plants dry out or begin to rot wooden furniture and the parquet is deformed or “shrinks”, the paintings fade, paper products lose their structure.
Factors Affecting Humidity
The main factor affecting indoor humidity is temperature. If you ventilate the room in winter, the air will become fresher, but less humid.
Reduce air humidity:
- heating appliances;
- air conditioner;
- constant ventilation at outdoor temperatures below -10C
- interior items, especially cushioned furniture, toys, carpets.
Any sources of water and steam increase the humidity of the air:
- aquarium;
- houseplants;
- wet linen;
- containers with boiling water;
- faulty water pipes and plumbing.
Constant condensation on the windows indicates an increased level of humidity in the room.
Humidity rate in the room:
- warm period - 30-60%, the maximum allowable - 65%.
- cold period- 30-45%, maximum allowable - 60%.
In young children, heat exchange processes are increased, so they are especially sensitive to non-compliance with microclimate parameters. The ideal air humidity in the children's room is 50-60%, and if the child is sick with SARS, it is recommended not to drop below 60%.
Indirect signs of low air humidity in the room are the drying of the tips of the leaves of plants and electrical discharges emanating from synthetic clothing.
How to regulate air humidity?
At any time of the year, the normal humidity in the apartment should be at least 40% and not higher than 65%.
Ways to reduce humidity:
- frequent ventilation of the premises;
- installation exhaust fans;
- use of air conditioners and heaters;
- serviceable pipes and plumbing;
- refusal to dry clothes in the room;
How to increase the humidity in the room:
- an aquarium or decorative fountain;
- minimal use of heater and air conditioner;
- hanging wet towels on batteries;
- periodic spraying of water from a spray bottle;
- using a humidifier;
- regular wet cleaning;
- growing a large number of indoor flowers.
Humidity in the house is an important parameter that affects both the well-being of residents and interior items. Normally, this indicator is in the range from 40 to 60%. It is especially important to monitor the humidity in rooms where children spend most of their time, as well as people with respiratory diseases. To adjust the concentration of moisture in the air, it is convenient to use household humidifiers and dehumidifiers.
What is the danger of dry air for health
If the air in the room is dry, then the “transportation” of oxygen into the circulatory system is difficult. As a result, a person constantly feels drowsiness and increased fatigue, while often not understanding where it came from. bad feeling. When a person breathes dry air for a long time, his susceptibility to various infections increases, hence the appearance of a runny nose in the morning. Due to the dry air, the nasal mucosa and bronchial tube cannot self-cleanse as effectively as with air. normal humidity. As a result, the body easily succumbs to infections and various respiratory diseases. This is especially true of the smallest, whose immunity is weaker than that of adults. After all, it is not for nothing that even in the room of newborns it is recommended to hang wet linen to make the air more humid.
When the cold comes, we turn on the heaters, forgetting about the norms of air humidity in residential premises. Although our health and how comfortable the stay in the apartment depends on this indicator. How to improve the microclimate in your home?
The concept of air humidity
Taking into account the fact that each person is 80% water, the importance of moisture content in the air cannot be underestimated. Humidity can be absolute or relative.
Let's understand these concepts. Absolute humidity is a measure of moisture in 1 cubic meter air. And relative humidity is a value showing the ratio of the actual amount of moisture in the air to its maximum value. That is, to what extent the air is saturated with moisture. And if we talk about this concept in the everyday sense, then usually we mean relative humidity.
It is possible to find out the relative humidity of the air by installing a special hygrometer device in the room. Each room has its own recommended humidity.
Humidity standards in various rooms
The norms of the level of air humidity will be different for different rooms. Consider three options for the norm of moisture: in the apartment, in the nursery and at the workplace.
In the apartment
The norms of air humidity in the apartment are regulated by GOST. According to official sources optimal rate humidity in the apartment in the summer is 60%, and in the winter - 45%.
Important! The maximum humidity level should not be higher than 60% in winter time and 65% in summer. Otherwise, high humidity can cause quite significant harm to health.
It should be understood that the GOST humidity standard is primarily designed for those who design and build buildings, since building a building in such a way that it is possible to maintain the humidity standard set for summer period winter is very difficult, but necessary.
The minimum threshold for air humidity in a residential area according to GOST should not fall below 30%. But even with this indicator, the air becomes dry, and dries out all the mucous membranes of a person, which means it is harmful to health. Houseplants also cannot grow with low moisture content. For most indoor plants, the optimal indicator will be in the range from 40 to 70%. 
This standard applies only to residential areas. The bathroom, landing, toilet and storerooms are not residential, and therefore these requirements do not apply to them.
For a child's room.
Controlling the humidity and temperature in a child's room is more important than in an adult's room. The child's body is exposed to aggressive factors external environment, and it is harder for him to cope with them.
To protect the child from viruses and various infections, the recommended level of humidity in his room should not be below 50%. If the air in the nursery is dry, then the child's body loses moisture at lightning speed. All mucous membranes dry out, they lose their ability to protect the body from infections. The child develops itching, dryness of the nose, eyes, and eventually the skin begins to peel off.
This is interesting! Evgeny Olegovich Komarovsky, a well-known pediatrician, claims that for healthy child, air humidity should be at least 60%, but if the child has a cold infection, then the humidity should be higher and be 70%.
The temperature in the room should not exceed 24 degrees. And ideally, according to Komarovsky, in general, 18. This parameter must be observed at any time of the year. At temperatures above 24 and humidity of 60%, the room will turn into the tropics. And at high air temperature, which is accompanied by high humidity, the body suffers from dehydration and is transferred heat hard.
In the office
There are workplaces where the level of moisture directly depends on the specifics of the work. A prime example can serve as a flower shop with greenhouses. There, the humidity should be as high as possible.
But for offices, the norm of indicators does not differ from the apartment one, and should be from 40 to 60%. If the air is more humidified, then the equipment and documents may become unusable. However, the opposite situation is more common - too dry air, especially during the cold season, the period when the batteries are turned on.
Harm from high and low humidity
The main signs that the room has high humidity:
- misted windows;
- linen that dries for several days;
- fungi;
- mold.
These factors alone make housing unlivable. Most of these factors have a negative impact on human health. Fungal spores, when in contact with food, can cause allergies or even poisoning. They are especially dangerous for young children. Living in a room with high humidity people are more susceptible to infection and disease.
The reduced level of moisture in the air negatively affects the state of the human body: water evaporates from the body with high intensity, the mucous membranes dry out, the skin becomes dry, itching bothers, the respiratory organs suffer (especially in asthmatics and allergies).
Rationing of air humidity
With an increased moisture content, it is necessary to find and neutralize its source. IN different rooms it could be different sources. For a bath, this may be a too hot shower, for a kitchen, intensive cooking or an elementary lack of ventilation. There is a way out of every situation. If the humidity is not increased due to short-term factors and it is impossible to eliminate them, then you can use special chemicals and dehumidifiers and air conditioners.
If the humidity is lowered, which is most often found in residential premises, when the central heating in winter, there are several ways to increase it:
- installation of an aquarium or decorative fountain indoors;
- buy indoor plants;
- use heating appliances as little as possible;
- frequent ventilation of the room;
- install a humidifier.
There are options here:
- traditional humidifier. The principle of operation is simple: the built-in fan drives air through the water tank, cleaning it and moisturizing it.
- Steam humidifier. Turning on such a device, the water boils and comes out in the form of steam. Such a humidifier is usually equipped with special nozzles with which inhalations are made. You can use any water, even from the tap.
- ultrasonic humidifier. This device works with the help of a special membrane that transforms water into steam. The only drawback of such humidifiers is the need to use exclusively purified water, or to purchase special cartridges that purify water.
It is important to understand that the optimal microclimate in the apartment is a guarantee of the health of your loved ones and children.
Methods for determining the degree of air humidity with folk remedies
If everything is clear with the measurement of humidity with a special device - a hygrometer, then what about those who do not have the opportunity to purchase this device? Folk methods can come to the rescue.
glass of water
Take a glass cup, pour water into it and place it in the refrigerator for 5 hours. After the time has elapsed, the glass is taken out and placed on the table. Then look at the glass after 5 minutes. If it is foggy, then the humidity is normal. If trickles run along the walls of the glass, it is increased, but if after 5 minutes it is dry, this means that the air is dry.
Azman table
For this method, you will need a thermometer. After measuring and measuring the temperature in the room with a thermometer, wrap it with a piece of wet cloth and leave the thermometer for 5 minutes. After that, it is necessary to enter the indicator of a dry thermometer into the table in the column vertically, and horizontally write down the difference between the thermometer readings in the wet and dry state. The indicators located at the intersection of these numbers in the table are the humidity of the air.
fir cone
Take a fir cone and a piece of plywood. Attach the bump to the plywood with a nail. Next, you just have to watch. If nothing happens to the bump, the humidity is normal. If the scales begin to shrink, then the indicator is increased. If they open, then the degree of moisture is low.
Houseplants
The following trick for calculating indoor moisture is available to everyone. Pay attention to the tips of the leaves of houseplants. If they dry and break off even despite regular spraying, then the air is dry. Pay attention to your own feelings. With low humidity, most often there are unpleasant sensations in the nose and mucous membranes of the throat.
Whatever indicators you see on the devices, it is very important to ventilate the room or office in which you work. Oxygen always has a beneficial effect on brain function, kills fungi, and of course sets comfortable temperature, eliminating dampness and bacteria living quarters.
