A tropical plant in your home is the Bottle Tree (Nolina). Nolina (bocarnea) - Mexican-style bottle tree
With this name, a tree in the form of a giant bottle immediately appears before your eyes. This impression is correct, for the trunk of the bottle tree is indeed shaped like a pot-bellied bottle. The tree can reach 15 meters in height. As for the diameter of such a tree, it can be three meters. Australia is one of the driest places on Earth, so many plants have adapted to deal with it. Bottle trees, for example, have learned to accumulate moisture inside themselves. This skill influenced them appearance- the trunk has become like a thick bottle, and the branches start very high, often resembling roots. It is for this trunk that trees are called "bottle trees".
Bottle trees grow in eastern Australia. The local population uses all parts of this tree, from the roots to the seeds. Juicy dark green leaves of brachychiton fed to livestock, seeds and roots young plant are used for food.
The leaves of the bottle tree are juicy dark green in color. As for their shape, on the same tree the leaves can be different. It's all about the age of the leaves. So you can see how simple oval-shaped leaves are adjacent to leaves that have three to five lobes. This is possible with fairly old trees.
Bottle tree flowers are shaped like bells. They are small: the diameter of each bell is about 1.5 cm. The flowers are collected in inflorescences and therefore make an unforgettable impression. Bells can be different color: greenish, cream or white. Inside, the bells are completely covered with dots of different shades.
Seeds ripen in pods, the length of which reaches 10 centimeters. The pods look very impressive on the tree thanks to purple hue. It is from these boat-shaped pods that the seeds are taken out, which are covered with bright yellow hairs on the outside.
The tree is very loved by the local population. When periods of drought come, the leaves of the tree go to feed livestock. In addition, in the upper part of the trunk in special cavities there is an accumulation of very sweet juice. This is real nectar! The local population gladly feasts on sweet nectar, which attracts insects and is formed in special cavities in the upper part of the trunk. In the arid Australian climate, the most important part of the bottle tree is the trunk, which collects drinking water. It is successfully extracted from a tree by local residents.
The whole plant is involved. So, the seeds of the bottle tree are roasted or eaten raw. The roots of young trees are very juicy and are eaten as root crops. To get tasty tree nuts (seeds) you have to work hard. The fact is that the seeds are in pods, the peel of which is thick. In addition to this, each seed has bristles on top. It is because of this bristle, a kind of chiton, that the tree got its name - brachychiton. The collection of seeds is carried out only with gloves, as the bristles cause itching.
Recently, brachychitons have begun to appear that can be grown at home. Flowering plants at home can occur only in some cases with very good care. plant can long time do without water, but this applies to the winter period. In summer, watering should be regular, but not plentiful.
An adult plant must be placed in a spacious pot so that the massive aerial part of the plant becomes stable. In order for the plant to develop normally, it should not be placed on windows facing north, since the plant is demanding on sunlight. The most acceptable temperature is considered to be 25-28°C in the summer months, and in winter period- 10-16°C. Regular airing of the room is very important, as the brachichiton does not withstand stagnant air.
Reproduction of brachychiton is carried out using cuttings and seeds. It is necessary to transplant the plant every year, if it concerns young plants. Older plants will need a transplant every three or four years.
bottle tree it is called Nolina (nolina) in a different way, the people also call him “ room palm”, He also has the name “horse tail”. At the very bottom, the trunk of the bottle tree becomes thicker and wider - this is necessary for the accumulation of water reserves. This ability of this tree helps it survive in arid places where there is little rainfall. The leaves of the bottle tree are very long, and they also help the plant tolerate dry weather well.
A bottle tree is ideal for those who want to grow some kind of large indoor plant. The bottle tree gained immense popularity thanks to simple care behind it, the ability to withstand sudden changes in temperature and its decorative beauty. Just look at the photo to be sure of its originality.
Best of all, this plant is suitable for those rooms where prevails modern interior. In the plant market, the bottle tree has enough high cost. This tree is native to North America. Today, this is where most bottle trees grow. In this article, we will look at detailed description this plant, its types, tips for growing and caring for it.
Bottle tree varieties
Consider the most popular types of bottle tree:
- Beaucarnea thin. Like almost all types of bottle tree, it tolerates dry temperatures very well. Most specimens of this species are native to Mexico. The thickness of the tree trunk is a little more than one meter. The height can be several meters. Indoors, the plant reaches about one and a half meters in height.
Note: Bokarneya thin should be watered very rarely, in hot weather - moderately, and in winter, once a season is enough.
Bokarneya thin grows for a long period of time, that is, slowly. At home, this type of bottle tree will not bloom. The temperature in the room should be maintained slightly below room temperature. In winter - a little more than ten degrees Celsius. This type in the wild can tolerate even low temperatures.
Note: a large amount of light must necessarily fall on the thin sidewall. It is not worth darkening the plant, because this can stop the growth of this type of bottle tree.
You need to feed the plant in summer time of the year.
Unlike many home-grown plants, there is no need to transplant - this is one of the advantages of bokarney. Reproduction of thin bokarnei is carried out using seeds.
When too high temperature in the room, the leaves of this type of bottle tree may begin to dry, in which case either the temperature in the room must be reduced, or vice versa, the humidity in the room must be increased. You can spray the leaves.
In order for a plant to grow successfully, it must be properly positioned. The plant should receive a large amount sunlight. The temperature must be maintained at a constant 20-24 degrees Celsius.
Consider: watering Recurvata should not be cold, but warm water. It is necessary to ensure that the earth in the pot does not dry out. With excessive watering, the trunk of this type of bottle tree rots, and later the tree dies.
This plant can be exposed to various diseases and harmful insects, although it has a certain resistance to them. A sign of a disease can be expressed in a change in the color of the leaves of a bent nolina. Treatment can be done with various chemicals.
Sometimes the plant needs to be shaped by pruning. Usually recurvatum needs pruning when its leaves turn yellow.
Take note: the process of cutting the leaves of Recurvata should occur smoothly and accurately, they must be cut at the base so as not to damage the plant. It happens that the tips of the leaves may become dark, in which case they also need to be removed. It is also not necessary to get carried away with pruning, because this can harm the plant.
The bent nolina is able to decorate any interior of the room. What this bottle tree needs most is light. If the day is cloudy, then it is recommended to put a lamp near the tree to increase the daylight hours by several hours. Recurvatum is growing quite fast, but in winter time years, this process becomes slower.
Note: if you decide to fertilize Recurvata, then so that the base of the tree trunk does not get burned, the fertilizer should be diluted in plenty of water.
There are small trees of this type. Like most species of bottle trees, brachychiton prefers bright light. plant in spring and summer period s of time should be kept in rooms where the temperature rises above room temperature (28 degrees Celsius).
Gardener's advice: the room where Brachichiton grows must be regularly ventilated.
The plant should not stand next to heating equipment. You need to fertilize the brachichiton once every three weeks (only in the summer period).
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Nolina flower (other names bottle or elephant tree, bokarneya, elephant foot, nelin) belongs to the Agave family. The plant is native to the USA and Mexico. In a temperate continental climate, the culture is grown mainly as a houseplant. Especially prized for its long stems, tiny white flowers and pointed leaves. Despite the relatively slow development, the flower is especially popular. The bottle tree is extremely resistant to prolonged drought. Beaucarnea is often referred to as the nolina plant. Actually there is a slight difference. The genus Bokarnea includes small blooming trees, and the Nelin culture belongs to decorative succulents. unusual shape the trunk serves as a reservoir for the accumulation of fluid. Thus, the flower adapts to the conditions of a long drought.
Nolina prefers brightly lit rooms.
The perfect place
For growing, choose a window in south side building. The plant prefers direct sunlight and prolonged heat.
It must be remembered that after a long winter lack of sunlight, a sharp change in location on a sunny windowsill can cause sunburn. Therefore, throughout winter season need to provide additional lighting using fluorescent lamps.
Temperature regime
The bottle tree in the summer can be taken out into the open air. A terrace or balcony, protected from wind and drafts, is ideal. In addition, you should protect the flower from precipitation. Optimal conditions in the hot season are from + 20 to +25 degrees.
Before the temperature drops, in early autumn, it is necessary to prepare the houseplant for the onset of a dormant period. Gradually, the microclimatic conditions of the environment should be changed to the level of + 10 degrees.
Optimal watering
Excessive soil moisture is the most weakness bottled. Tests have proven that an adult representative of the culture can do just fine without additional watering during the year. All this time, the plant uses the accumulated moisture from the stem.
Watering nolina is necessary in spring and summer. The frequency of moistening depends on the drying of the topsoil. After the first cold snap, you can stop watering, provided that it is kept in the optimum temperature regime.
If the flowerpot is in a heated room and the plant has not entered the dormant phase, watering should be continued according to the summer scheme.
In winter, in a heated room, watering should be continued according to the summer scheme.
Air humidity
Bocarnea thrives well in a room with a low level of relative humidity. It is enough to wipe the foliage with a damp towel as needed.
How to transplant a culture
Best time to transplant in early spring. Young representatives need an annual change of soil and container. Adult nolina must be transplanted as the roots of the soil are braided.
Pruning nolina
The plant does not require regular cleaning and removal of shoots. When growing, you can save natural look culture. If the flower has dry tips, it is necessary, for aesthetic reasons, to trim the damaged areas obliquely.
The culture can be used for bonsai techniques. In this case, it is not recommended to often transplant nolina. You will need to regularly shape with clippers and wire.
Features of caring for the "Bent" sidebar can be found in the video:
Nolina in the open field
Bokarneya, planted in a garden planter, looks great on a veranda, greenhouse or outdoor garden. For composition, you can place the container in a well-lit gazebo or around the pool.
Grow a flower in open ground Not recommended. Excessive rain, gusts of wind or hail can kill the plant. On outdoors the plant develops well in tropical countries where the temperature does not fall below -5 ° C.
IN summer season culture can be used to decorate the site.
Features of growing in a container
The soil
Bottle plants thrive well in light, loose soil. You can prepare your own substrate. To do this, you should purchase turf and leaf ground. Then mix with crushed peat. Nolina responds well to medium-grained sand, crumbs of clay and bricks. Upper layer soil should be covered with gravel.
Fertilizer
It is necessary to feed the culture twice a month. Organic and mineral components should be used. Bocarnea is very sensitive to chemical elements. Therefore, it is desirable to divide the dose provided for by the instructions.
Tank type
Features of the stem structure require careful selection of containers for the flower. root system expands in width. Therefore, you should not choose a deep container. A small bonsai-style pot is ideal.
Typical plant problems and diseases
Most dangerous insects for nolina - shield, spider mite, thrips and mealybugs. Pests are located on the leaves of the culture and suck out the juices of the plant. As a result, damaged zones expand. Leaves turn yellow and brown. All parts of the plant are deformed, wrinkle and die.
Improper care leads to the defeat of the bakery various diseases. Recognizing the symptoms is easy:
The effect of nolina on the body
Bocarnea does not belong to the poisonous representatives of the flora. Therefore, culture does not cause allergic manifestations. The leaves of the plant often attract pets. Eating parts of bokarnea does not affect the health of animals.
Reproduction methods
Breeding bottled is quite difficult. Nolina can be propagated using seeds and lateral processes.
Nolina from seeds
Bokarnei seeds ripen unevenly. Before sowing should be properly sorted and inspected planting material.
Seeds can be tested for germination using simple method. Seeds should be treated in a weak pink solution of potassium permanganate. The procedure should take at least a day. Seeds suitable for growing will settle to the bottom of the container. Poor quality planting material will float to the surface.
Before propagation, planting material should be checked for germination.
For sowing, prepare:
- A substrate containing equal parts peat and coarse sand.
- The filled container must be steam sterilized. It is not recommended to perform processing for more than 40 minutes. During disinfection, larvae and eggs of various pests - thrips, ticks, aphids - are destroyed.
- Conditions for moistening the soil with seeds are similar to the requirements for watering bottle plants. Excessive moisture is fraught with rotting of immature seedlings. Therefore, perlite or vermiculite should be added to the mixture to protect and prevent clogging.
- The seedling container should have drainage holes.
- The number of hours with intense lighting should not be less than twelve. perfect time stay under scattered sunbeams- 14-16 hours.
- To save money on artificial lighting it is better to carry out the breeding procedure during the period of increasing daylight hours - in late February or early March.
- Fluorescent lamps are not suitable for seedlings. It is advisable to purchase phyto-appliances. The radiation of mechanisms is more similar to the rays of the sun.
- Seeds should be sown surface method. Covering with additional soil is not recommended. The grooves should be sealed with a flat wooden object.
- For the greenhouse effect, it is necessary to use organic glass or plastic bag. It is not advisable to use silicates. Chemical compound does not pass ultraviolet.
- When the first shoots appear, the shelter must be removed.
- IN ideal conditions- temperature ranging from + 22 to + 27 degrees, the seeds will germinate in 2.5 weeks.
- After the development of three full-fledged leaves, seedlings can dive into separate containers.
- Use as a filler leaf humus, soddy soil, sand, softened peat.
- Flowerpots for bottles should be chosen shallow. Drainage holes must be provided.
Reproduction by branches
Cuttings should be separated in early spring.
Awakening of the kidneys of the bocarnea.
Periodically, buds awaken under the bark of the culture. Future lateral stems will appear from the germ. The process must be cut with a sterile knife.
To stimulate the development of the root system, the cutting should be processed hormonal drug for representatives of the flora. In the prepared container, it is necessary to land the shoot at a slight angle.
To maintain the proper microclimate, you need to cover the container with a plastic cap. Periodically, the plant should be provided with air circulation. Be sure to keep the process in a warm and well-lit room.
After the appearance of the first roots and foliage, it is necessary to gradually remove the protection for several hours a day. Thus, it is possible to accustom a flower to a new environment.
Why bokarneya does not bloom
IN room conditions nolina blooms very rarely. Blossom, as a rule, only strongly overgrown, large representatives of the bottle.
Amazing flowering nolina.
If the subspecies spreads short shoots, large paniculate inflorescences will appear under the stems. Bulky palms produce small, fragrant flowers in whole clusters.
How and where to buy nolina
Nolina "Recurvata" is massively sold garden nurseries and Internet representations. Other subspecies can be found in the greenhouse and at exhibitions.
You can buy a bokarney in a container with a total height of 65 cm at a price of 3200 rubles. A package of seeds of nolina "Stambovoy" is sold on average for 56.50 rubles.
