≡× MENU

• Repair
• Repair
• Interior Design
• About everything
• About plumbing

Assistance to start-up entrepreneurs from the state. Other forms of state support for small businesses. What help can a budding entrepreneur get?

The number of start-up businessmen is steadily increasing every year. An increase in their number has a positive effect on economic indicators country as a whole and satisfies the ever-growing needs of the population.

State financial support contributes to the emergence of new small and medium-sized businesses. The authorities of a particular region are trying to introduce methods of assistance: various benefits, subsidies, as well as material payments. How to get such support? Let's figure it out.

Which entrepreneurs can count on help from the state?

The state mainly provides financial support to owners of small and medium-sized businesses. To find out if your company belongs to this category, you should pay attention to the number of employees and the amount of annual turnover. The following formats of enterprises can count on money from the state:

• start-up business(up to 15 people on staff with annual turnover up to 120 million rubles);
• small business(up to 100 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 800 million rubles);
• medium business(up to 250 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 2 billion rubles).

To qualify for assistance, companies must meet the following requirements:

• duration of existence from the moment of opening - no more than 2 years;
• the company is registered with the tax service;
• SME is not a tax debtor.

Important: the chances of financing are much higher for businessmen who have social benefits, as well as own a social or export-oriented business.

Remember that the state provides support to entrepreneurs whose field of activity is among the priorities. To apply for gratuitous assistance, a businessman must work in one of the following areas:

• Manufacture of consumer goods.
• Popular directions of folk art.
• Offers of rural and ecological tourism.
• Housing and communal services.
• Agro-industrial department.
• the field of science and technology, and innovative activity.

How to get government assistance for small business development in 2019?

The main advantage of receiving such a subsidy is that it is free of charge and does not need to be returned after a certain time. The state benefits from this, as a new small enterprise appears on the economic map, providing jobs for citizens, and competition with existing companies increases, which contributes to quality improvement and price stabilization.

But along with the conclusion of a subsidy agreement, the entrepreneur agrees to fulfill certain obligations. The main one is to provide detailed reporting.

Within 3 months from the date of receipt of funds from the state, the businessman is obliged to submit a report with documents on the use of the subsidy to the Employment Center. As confirmation, commodity or fiscal checks, receipts, paid payment orders and other documents can be provided. The financial report must be consistent with the paragraph of the business plan, which indicates the purpose of obtaining capital.

Important: if the business person cannot provide confirmation, he is obliged to return the subsidiary funds to the state in full.

Also, the terms of the drawn up agreement suggest that the activity of the financed small enterprise should last at least one year from the date of opening. This excludes the possibility of cooperation with one-day firms.

Help can be obtained from many instances and organizations that have the necessary powers. Here are some of them:

• City administration. Department economic development provides information on types of financial support for small businesses.
• Chamber of Commerce and Industry. This institution provides assistance in consulting on business, marketing, legal law, it helps to take part in exhibitions.
• Entrepreneurship Support Fund. Based on the results of the mandatory assessment of the submitted project, the organization allocates finance for the activities of a small enterprise.
• Business incubator. This organization is engaged in infrastructural support of the ideas of entrepreneurs at all stages of development, starting from the moment of opening.
• Venture fund. Focuses mainly on innovative projects, then invests money in their activities.
• Employment center.

Interesting: if your business project is socially or economically beneficial for the state, you can receive not only money for its implementation, but also free education, the right to take part in exhibitions, etc.

After contacting the above authorities, you will receive a list required documents. Here are the papers included in this list:

1. Passport and TIN of the entrepreneur.
2. Insurance certificate (SNILS).
3. A certificate from the accounting department of the last place of official employment, which indicates salary information for three months before the completion of work.
4. Education document.
5. Application of a program participant for receiving financial support from the state (according to a specially approved form).
6. Ready business plan.

Money from the Job Center

The most common way for entrepreneurs to get help is to apply to the Employment Center. How is this procedure carried out?

The first step is to register with the Employment Center and obtain the status of unemployed. This is a prerequisite, since the state allocation of funds is due only to those entrepreneurs who are registered as unemployed citizens. To do this, you need to have the following documents with you:

• passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• work book;
• marital status document;
• education document.

Then you need to write a business plan With detailed description project, targeted distribution of funds and an indication of its payback period. The third step is to register a business as an individual entrepreneur.

The package of documents is considered by the regional commission within 60 days. If a positive decision is made between the applicant and the Employment Center, an agreement will be concluded, and the funds will be transferred to the recipient's account. The commission may decide to reimburse only certain costs, such as the registration and opening of a small business. If the applicant receives a rejection notice, they may try again.

Grants for new businessmen

This type of allocation of funds from the state involves helping novice businessmen to open a business and those who have been engaged in entrepreneurial activity for no more than two years. The following organizations have the authority to distribute grants:

• Department of Economic Development.
• Funds for supporting small and medium-sized businesses.
• Unions created by entrepreneurs.

A prerequisite for obtaining a grant is the activity of a small enterprise in one of the priority sectors indicated above.

According to state law, companies that produce wine and vodka products, tobacco products, luxury goods, work with real estate or engage in gambling activities do not receive payments.

Remember that the allocated money is directed to cover 30 to 50% of the total cost of the project. The businessman should look for the remaining finances for the development of the business on his own. Don't be afraid to invest, it can be.

The entrepreneur must provide the following documents:

• Documents confirming the absence of other sources of financial support.
• Certificate of registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC and a business plan.
• An extract from the bank on the amount of own finances.
• Certificate of positive credit history.

Then the Sectoral Commission decides on the provision of funds. Maximum size the cash grant is 500 thousand rubles (in Moscow and the region - up to 5 million rubles).

The state prioritizes the unemployed, young entrepreneurs, former military personnel, families with young children, etc.

Subsidy program

State plans for subsidizing small enterprises are implemented at different administrative levels. Therefore, they can be systematized according to the scale and amount of allocated funds:

1. Federal programs. They are implemented nationwide, they are also characterized big amount allocated money for financial support for the opening and development of SMEs. hallmark is that such programs work mainly with large-scale business projects, whose owners are already engaged in commercial activities.
2. Regional programs. They work in the territories of administrative regions and dispose of the regional or district budget. The purpose of such programs is to develop the infrastructure of the whole region.
3. Local programs. The scale of implementation is work with city or district entrepreneurs. Subsidies are limited to small amounts of funding.

The amount of assistance received, the form of its provision, as well as the list of necessary documents for processing an application depend on the features of the state program. The larger the scale of the program, the higher the competition and the more stringent selection rules. The small business owner should take this into account.

Concessional lending

Categories of small and medium-sized commercial entrepreneurs who are unable to receive material support from the state can apply for concessional loans. Many banks provide such loans on simplified terms. As mentioned, the probability of opening a loan with a favorable interest rate is higher for those who are engaged in priority activities for the state.

Advice: for all your questions regarding assistance, you can contact banking institutions or credit communities directly, as they also have lending programs for business start-ups.

The applicant receives a loan as a one-time cash payment in the amount of 50 million to 1 billion rubles. After the conclusion of the contract, the preferential program is valid for 3 years. A prerequisite is also investments and investments in the project of the businessman's own funds. Their number is determined as follows:

• 20% if the loan amount is more than 500 million rubles or if the repayment of the loan is planned from the future income expected after the start of the business project.
• There are no restrictions if funds are allocated for other investment plans.

The interest rate for use varies depending on the format of the enterprise. This is 10% per annum for medium-sized enterprises and 11-11.8% for small ones.

What can government money be used for?

As mentioned above, the granting process is a donation of funds that promote the opening and favorable development of a business. Concessional lending and other assistance programs also have simplified terms and reduced interest rates. At the same time, the use of financial support from the state is accompanied by documentary reports to confirm the intended purpose. The allocated money can be spent on the following:

• Payment for the lease of a place or plot of land (no more than 20% of the principal amount is allocated to cover these costs).
• Replenishment working capital.
• Workplace equipment.
• Acquisition of equipment for production (purchased machines cannot be sold or exchanged for three years).
• Purchase Supplies(the same rules apply - no more than 20% of the funds received).
• Renovation and refurbishment work.
• Intangible assets.

The entrepreneur draws up an annual report, which indicates exactly what the received subsidiary income was spent on. Also, certificates and receipts must be submitted to the control authorities.

Intangible Small Business Support Options

In our time, the state is ready to help novice businessmen of small and medium-sized enterprises not only by increasing capital. There are several other forms of support:

1. Opportunity free education . Why in the first years of activity, many entrepreneurs, faced with problems, leave the business? They simply do not have the necessary knowledge about the conduct of their business. Such educational skills (such as how to lead) help in development, but are expensive, so not everyone can get them. The state provides start-up businessmen with the opportunity to study courses for free, as well as attend various seminars and lectures. The applicant is obliged to submit relevant documents to the necessary authorities: paid bills, certificates of training or concluded contracts. The payment will cover half of the expenses, but not more than 40 thousand rubles a year.
2. Rent reduction. Another support option is discounts on the cost of renting premises where offices or production are directly located. Remember that you can get such a discount only if the building is municipal property and the lease agreement is concluded for a period of more than 5 years. Every year, the preferential rate increases (from 40 to 80% of the rent), and for the next period, the entrepreneur pays the full rate. A prerequisite is a competitive selection to determine a worthy candidate. The winner is allocated additional assistance to pay for communications.
3. Compensation for participation in exhibitions. To promote and further development small business owners can take advantage of subsidies to participate in national or international exhibitions. Based on the results of the selection, the state can help pay for the costs of registration, rental of a place, transportation of exhibits, accommodation, organization and translation services. If the state aid amount does not exceed 150 thousand per year, you can pay up to half of the costs. Mandatory conditions to receive compensation for small businesses: an application, an agreement with the organizers and a report on the work performed.

Summing up

The advantage of financial support programs is the possibility of increasing capital small companies. Since the state is interested in the development of small enterprises, the likelihood of receiving financial assistance is constantly growing. This is a good chance to start.

On the other hand, the conclusion of an agreement with the relevant government bodies obliges entrepreneurs to submit detailed reports and monitor the intended use of funds. Therefore, every businessman should study the features of existing support programs and the requirements for them. Then he will be able to use the assistance as efficiently as possible and fulfill his obligations.

The government of our country gives Special attention small business development, therefore it provides comprehensive support to start-up entrepreneurs. Everyone knows that for the implementation of any project, you need a certain start-up capital, which not all novice businessmen have. Small business subsidies from the state in 2018, aimed at developing the economy, will help you start your own business with minimum investment. How to get such help, we will tell you in this article.

Types of subsidies

Last year, 17 billion rubles were allocated to the federal budget for subsidies to small businesses from the state. In 2018, due to the crisis, this amount was reduced to 11 billion rubles. This money, most likely, will be directed not to the implementation of new projects, but to the completion of the started ones. But, despite this, if you try hard, you can still get a subsidy from the state to start a business.

As part of state programs to support start-up entrepreneurs, you can receive money from:

• employment center;
• Department of Entrepreneurship;
• local administration.

In addition to financial assistance, the state offers start-up entrepreneurs:

• Free internships;
• Preferential participation in various exhibitions and fairs;
• Free outsourcing;
• Education at the expense of the state.

Entrepreneurs can also take part in various competitions, for victory in which a large monetary reward or grant is provided. If you are interested in how to get money for a business from the state, useful information can be found on the Internet or at a local employment center.

Subsidy Scheme

gratuitous help

Now let's talk about how to get money for business from the state in 2018 for free. Such assistance can be of the following types:

1. 1. Grants. Such a business subsidy from the state to start-up entrepreneurs is allocated from the local or regional budget. It can be obtained with an approved business plan. As a rule, the amount of the subsidy does not exceed 300 thousand rubles. It is also worth noting that only those start-up entrepreneurs who are able to invest half the amount needed to implement the project can count on receiving money from the state to start a business in 2018. This means that you pay half of the expenses from your own funds, and the state provides half;
   2. Government subsidies for business development. Such assistance is usually received by experienced businessmen who want to expand their business and create new jobs. The subsidy has a specific purpose. It is issued for the purchase of equipment or other assets. In some cases, the amount of assistance is 90% of the total cost. The maximum amount of subsidies to small businesses from the state in 2018 is 10 million rubles;

1. Grant from the employment center for the unemployed. A person who for some reason lost his job can receive all payments and insurance compensation for one year at the local employment center. In return, he undertakes to open his own enterprise. If an entrepreneur officially employs a person registered with an employment center, he can also receive such a payment for each worker. To date, the amount of such a subsidy is 58 thousand rubles. This great way, without start-up capital;
2. Assistance in repayment of interest on the loan. If an entrepreneur has taken out a loan to buy equipment, he can count on the state to pay him ¾ or half of the accrued interest. He will have to pay the body of the loan on his own;
3. Subsidy for participation in fairs and exhibitions. As a rule, the state compensates ½ or 1/3 of the funds spent on the rental of exhibition or commercial equipment. Such assistance does not exceed 300 thousand rubles;
4. Additional types of assistance are provided for farmers - for the purchase of seed, breeding stock, equipment and infrastructure development.

Paperwork

Do not forget that you can get money to start a business from the state only after the official registration of entrepreneurial activity. In addition, you must submit a written application for a grant. Most likely, you will be asked to take part in the competition. In this case, you need to provide copies of the statutory documents and a business plan. It is considered by a special commission and, based on the results obtained, makes its verdict.

The plan is evaluated according to the following parameters:

• How much can you return to the budget in the form of tax payments;
• How many new jobs will the entrepreneur create;
• How much such activity is in demand in a particular region.

For example, if in small town there are several enterprises for the production of semi-finished products, it is unlikely that the entrepreneur will receive money to open another workshop. But the socially oriented original idea guaranteed to receive state support.

Before you receive a business subsidy from the state, carefully study all existing regional programs. They can have significant differences in different subjects. Russian Federation. Choose the option that suits you and get started. If you try hard, you can radically change your life for the better.

Features of obtaining a subsidy

The main feature of state financing of small businesses is that such assistance is provided free of charge. In return, the state receives one more cell in the market economy and new jobs for the citizens of our country.

Before receiving money for the development of small businesses from the state in 2018, the entrepreneur signs an agreement in which he undertakes to account for the funds spent. 3 months after receiving a state subsidy, it is necessary to provide a documented report on the intended use of the subsidy.

As confirmation, you can use:

• Sales receipts;
• Accounts;
• Money orders;
• Receipts and more.

The report must fully comply with the financial calculations made in the business plan. If the entrepreneur cannot document the intended use of funds, he will have to return the financial assistance in full.

Another important point specified in the contract is the term of the enterprise. A state-funded enterprise must operate for at least 1 year. Despite all these limitations, state aid is the most The best way, .

There is another option, how to get money from the state for business development in 2018. Local governments give start-up entrepreneurs cash subsidies in the amount of 300,000 rubles. But to get such a large amount, you need to try hard. To do this, you need to collect a package of documents confirming that you are taking a subsidy for the effective promotion of the enterprise. This is the best way, so many entrepreneurs are hunting for such a subsidy. If you want to receive positive result, all documents that you provide to local governments must be reliable and convincing. After the funds are transferred to the account of the entrepreneur, he must report monthly to the state for the targeted use of the subsidy. If funds are not fully spent, the surplus must be returned back.

Reasons for refusal to receive a subsidy

Now let's talk about getting state subsidy. The most common reason for refusal of extradition state aid This is the wrong choice of direction. If you want to start your own business in an area that is not a priority for the state, you may be denied financial support.

Most popular destinations:

• innovation;
• Agriculture;
• Medicine;
• Tourism industry;
• Education.

Insurance, lending and banking services are not subject to state subsidies. In addition, an entrepreneur may be denied a subsidy if he requests too much or submits a weak and unprepared business plan for consideration. Also, the state does not finance projects that will be implemented abroad.

Related videos Related videos

Therefore, before that, first ask what areas of activity are relevant in 2018. After that, you can begin to develop an action plan and draw up all the necessary documents.

Lending from funds and individuals

If you are looking, please contact the regional business support funds. They make small loans certain period. This type of lending is perfect for new businesses with a short production cycle.

Also, in recent years, private lending to businesses has begun to flourish in our country. During a crisis, many people who have savings look for

State support for small businesses is an important area of ​​economic policy: today more than 5.5 million small and medium-sized businesses operate in Russia, which account for 21% of the country's gross domestic product.

It is planned that by 2030 the share of small and medium-sized businesses in the GDP of the Russian Federation will reach 45%. That is why the versatile state support for small business has entered its active phase.

Fundamentals of state subsidies

Support individual entrepreneurship and small business today in Russia is at the legislative level. Within the framework of the program "Stimulation of economic activity", the activities of entrepreneurs are financed.

The program to stimulate economic activity in 2019 provides additional funding, which is referred to as a subsidy.

Subsidizing is a targeted and gratuitous state payment to start a business. The money will not have to be repaid, as is usually done when borrowing or taking a loan.

According to preliminary information from the Ministry of Economic Development of our country, only 11 billion rubles were allocated for the entire program in 2017, while in 2014 this amount was more than 20 billion, and in 2015 - almost 17 billion rubles.

These funds are divided among all subjects of Russia on the basis of competitive procedures. Due to a significant reduction in support, the regions of the country will have to independently determine the priority areas for financing entrepreneurial activities.

State funds will go to really important areas of the economy: agriculture, trade, provision of utilities and household services, social entrepreneurship, innovation activity and others.

Each small and medium-sized business entity has the right to count on versatile support from the state - this is regulated by various legal acts and, first of all, the federal law No. 209-FZ. Different programs have their own duration, conditions of provision and budget.

In each region of our country, the relevant authorized body is responsible for the implementation of state support measures for small businesses. You can find a complete list of them on the website of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation.

Types of financial support for entrepreneurs

In 2019, the amount of the subsidy will depend on the region of residence and will be issued for the following needs:

• purchase of raw materials;
• purchase of equipment;
• purchase of consumables;
• intangible assets;
• repair work.

Grant Program individual entrepreneurs allow start-up businesses to receive government funding. The amount of the subsidy depends on the region in which the businessman lives. On average, the amount of payments is 60,000 rubles.

Important! When opening a business, it should be borne in mind that state subsidies cannot be obtained for the production of tobacco products or alcoholic beverages.

Financing is carried out on an irrevocable basis and only if the businessman has start-up capital. An entrepreneur can use the funds received to open and develop their activities - for example, the purchase of equipment, raw materials and materials, maintaining repair work or the acquisition of intangible assets.

Types of financial support for the development of small businesses can be approved by the executive body. After receiving state financial assistance, the entrepreneur must submit a report on the use of funds. This means that every person who receives a government subsidy is responsible for its distribution and must use the funds correctly.

The rest of the financial assistance will have to be returned back, and if the fact of misappropriation of the allocated money is discovered, the entrepreneur will have to return the entire amount to the state.

How to get a grant for small business development

Any unemployed citizen of the Russian Federation in 2019 can become a recipient of a subsidy for the development of small businesses.

Financing is carried out jointly with the Center for Employment of the Population.

A person may be recognized as unemployed if he is registered with the Employment Center at the place of registration.

A potential entrepreneur with a ready-made business plan should contact the Employment Center.

The applicant's business plan must contain detailed information about the planned activity, the place of its implementation, necessary equipment, materials, technologies, work force, suppliers.

A separate place in the business plan is given to the cost of the project, taking into account own and subsidized capital. It is also important to make calculations and analysis. To do this, it is necessary to calculate the expected revenue and profit, the profitability of the project, the payback period, and so on.

A sound business plan is the key to obtaining government funding.

After agreeing on a business plan with the Employment Center, an unemployed citizen applies to the Federal Tax Service with an application for registration as an individual entrepreneur.

IP registration deadline normative documents, is 5 business days. After receiving the IP Registration Certificate and an extract from the Unified Register, the novice entrepreneur again applies to the Employment Center with an approved business plan, an application for a subsidy, a passport and documents confirming the status of an individual entrepreneur. So there is a conclusion of an agreement on subsidizing activities between a businessman and the state.

In order to receive a subsidy from the state for starting a business, it is necessary to draw up a business plan competently and in detail.

After signing the documents, the Employment Center transfers funds to the personal account of the entrepreneur.

Do you need on the subject? and our lawyers will contact you shortly.

Features of obtaining a subsidy for the development of small businesses

Main Feature obtaining government funding for small businesses is the absence of the need for a return, since the funds are provided free of charge.

In return, the state receives a new small business, new jobs for the population and another cell of a market economy.

When concluding an agreement on subsidizing entrepreneurial activities, a businessman should be aware that he assumes a number of obligations. The main one is reporting.

Within 3 months after receiving Money from the state, the entrepreneur must submit a report with supporting documents on the use of the subsidy to the Employment Center. Fiscal and sales receipts, invoices and paid payment orders, receipts and other documents can be submitted as confirmation.

The report must comply with the paragraph of the business plan, which indicates the intended use of funds.

In case of partial or complete non-confirmation, the entrepreneur is obliged to return to the state the amount of the subsidy in full. Another feature of subsidizing is fixed in the terms of the contract. According to the agreement, the activity of the state-funded business should last at least a year.

Thus, the state excludes the existence of one-day firms.

Types of subsidy

The type of subsidy can be established by each subject of the Russian Federation. State assistance is of the following types:

• business support - 25,000 rubles;
• opening a business in 2018 with the possibility of increasing the subsidy for a new one workplace- 60,000 rubles;
• opening a business, provided that the entrepreneur is the only parent of the child, is not employed or has a disability - 300,000 rubles.

A subsidy can be received not only for starting a business, but also for its development. At the same time, you can have own ideas production for a small business or open it on a franchise. The amount of money is given to individual entrepreneurs and small businesses.

Subsidies for individual entrepreneurs in Moscow

Entrepreneurs and small businesses registered in Moscow not only have more opportunities for business development, but also receive special privileges available only to capital businessmen. One such benefit is a business development subsidy. The amount of this subsidy reaches 500,000 rubles.

To receive financing, a novice entrepreneur must apply to the State Budgetary Institution "Small Business of Moscow" with an appropriate application and a package of documents. The condition for receiving a subsidy is an activity carried out for at least six months and no more than 2 years. To confirm the success of the business, the entrepreneur provides financial statements, lease agreements for premises, cooperation agreements, and so on.

An application with a package of documents is considered by a special Industry Commission.

Among the priority areas of subsidies are innovation, agriculture, healthcare, education, social sphere, hospitality and tourism. After the provision of funds, the entrepreneur is obliged to report on the intended use of financing, as well as confirm the indicated financial indicators.

Thus, the state controls not only the legality of the use of the subsidy, but also the impact of the enterprise on the economic environment of the country.

Dear readers!

We describe typical ways to resolve legal issues, but each case is unique and requires individual legal assistance.

For a prompt resolution of your problem, we recommend contacting qualified lawyers of our site.

Last changes

The purpose of receiving a subsidy by an entrepreneur in 2019 is to open a new enterprise or expand an existing one.

The advantage of this financing option is its gratuitous nature, and the main disadvantage is a large number of conditions and a strict selection procedure.

The Government plans to launch a geomarketing navigator system.

For this, over 200 business plans were developed in 75 areas of small business. With the help of this system, it will be easier for entrepreneurs to choose an area or niche for starting a small business.

If the project is approved, then state support will be a good help for entrepreneurs.

There are several other types of assistance to start-up entrepreneurs from the state:

1. Renting real estate on preferential terms.
2. Acquisition of state property into ownership at preferential prices.
3. Use of infrastructure specially created by the state for the development of entrepreneurial activity (technoparks, offices, business incubators, etc.).

Our experts monitor all changes in legislation in order to provide you with reliable information.

Subscribe to our updates!

State subsidy for starting a small business

December 2, 2015, 15:40 Mar 3, 2019 13:51

Having decided to start a business, the future entrepreneur will face a number of difficulties. Lack of knowledge and the necessary capital can become serious problems on the way to achieving the goal. The government wants to help citizens. Today there are a number of programs and other forms of assistance aimed at supporting entrepreneurs.

Significance for entrepreneurs of state support for small and medium-sized businesses

The Government of the Russian Federation has adopted a program of social and economic development of the country until 2020. It reflects the features of providing assistance to small and medium-sized businesses. The use of forms of assistance is aimed at creating healthy competition, as well as improving general level the life of the population.

Providing government support makes it easier to start your business from scratch. When creating a company, an entrepreneur faces a lack of funds and information. Modern forms assistance can help out in this situation. However, state support is not always enough for a successful start. To date, work is underway to modernize the sphere and introduce innovative developments into it.

Assistance to entrepreneurs is provided within the framework of federal programs. There are also regional projects. The events held within the framework of federal programs, as well as the requirements for participation in them, are established by order of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. It is created on the basis of the current legislation of the Russian Federation, in particular, Federal Law No. 209. The programs are implemented the following forms support:

1. Providing subsidies. In some situations, the state provides financial assistance free of charge. However, the entrepreneur must meet the requirements for program participants. The amount of the subsidy can reach up to 300,000 rubles. The decision to grant it is made after analyzing the business plan.
2. Providing free consultations. Events are held on the basis of employment centers, the Federal Tax Service or Business Development Funds. Employees of institutions are ready to answer the entrepreneur's question related to taxation, accounting, planning and other areas related to interaction with government agencies.
3. Business training. Regional business development funds periodically conduct trainings and lectures. They are aimed at helping start-up entrepreneurs. Anyone can visit them. However, pre-registration is required.
4. Provision of land and premises for rent on preferential terms. An entrepreneur can receive a plot of land or real estate for temporary use. This allows you to save on the purchase of your own premises from private individuals.
5. Issuance of preferential loans. Today there are a number of programs that allow you to get to start and develop your business at a low interest rate.
6. Admission to participation in exhibitions and fairs free of charge. Placing products on free trading platforms will reduce the cost of advertising campaigns.

The use of available forms of government support makes it easier to start your business from scratch.

Expert opinion from the federal electronic platform RTS-tender

The strategy for the socio-economic development of Russia until 2020 states that the development of small and medium-sized businesses is one of the main priorities of the economy. State support measures have the main goal - to ensure the development of SMEs as one of the essential elements market economy. As part of the implementation of this strategy, state support is enshrined at the legislative level.

How to get ggovernment support for SMEs?

In particular, the Law on the contract system (44-FZ) obliges customers to purchase from small businesses in the amount of at least 15% of the total annual volume of purchases.

On January 4, 2017, a new rule came into force in the framework of public procurement: customers are required to set the percentage of involvement of SME subcontractors in the execution of contracts - at least 5%.

From May 1, 2017, changes came into force providing that if the customer conducts a purchase with a restriction - only for SMEs - then the deadline for settlements with such a supplier should not exceed 15 days from the date the customer signs the acceptance certificate. Previously, this period was 30 days from the date of signing the acceptance certificate by the customer.

Since August 2016, the Federal Tax Service has been put into commercial operation Single register subjects of small and medium business. The register allows not only to systematize and make more transparent the scope of activities of entrepreneurs, but contains information that affects business reputation SMEs, for example, information about concluded contracts in accordance with Law No. 44-FZ or Law No. 223-FZ.

The second most important normative act regulating procurement activities is Law No. 223-FZ, which provides for the obligation of corporate customers to fulfill the mandatory quota for placing purchases from small and medium-sized businesses in the amount of 18%. At the same time, at least 10% of this quota should be sent by customers to entrepreneurs based on the results of purchases, the participants of which can only be small and medium-sized businesses.

Services for SMEs that make it easier to participate in public procurement

“Today, the RTS tender site has a comprehensive system of free services and solutions that simplify the participation of SME representatives in procurement. For example, electronic document management using electronic signature, service for participation in small volume purchases, free analytical reports, training seminars, legal support. In the one-window format, procurement participants can get the necessary information in one click financial products: bank guarantees, tender lending and others. Thanks to this, the share of SMEs in financial services transactions on the RTS-tender platform is consistently above 90%,” notes Vladimir Lishenkov, CEO of RTS-tender.

Especially for representatives of small businesses, there are various free educational projects. So, within the framework of the all-Russian award "Business Success", organized by public organization Opora Rossii, in partnership with the RTS tender platform, conducts special master classes for entrepreneurs on existing tax preferences and state support programs, as well as an express course “I am a supplier”, where future procurement participants can gain theoretical and practical knowledge necessary to start work in the field of state and corporate orders.

Business development in Russia is highly controversial. Often, the ways to support entrepreneurship, enshrined in regulatory legal acts, are not implemented in practice. The main problems hindering the systematic provision of assistance by the state are:

• lack of an effective legislative framework;
• an increase in the tax burden;
• bureaucratization public institutions who are entrusted with supervisory functions;
• lack of a well-developed system of entrepreneurship financing;
• the presence of economic problems (, rising prices in all areas of production).

The current situation is negative impact for small and medium enterprises. However, the government is trying to remedy the situation. New forms of business support are periodically introduced.

The main directions of state support for small businesses

On June 14, 1995, Law No. 88-FZ was adopted. It was aimed at realizing the constitutional rights of citizens to freely use their abilities and property to conduct entrepreneurial activities. The law has become the basis for standardizing the regulatory environment that regulates the procedure for providing assistance to businesses. Today, state support is provided in the following areas:

• creation of a regulatory framework for assistance and development to representatives of the business sector;
• organizing the process of training personnel for small business;
• formation and provision of social security in the business space;
• creation of preferential conditions for the use of information, financial and other resources by entrepreneurship;
• inclusion of representatives of the sphere in programs for conducting foreign economic activity.

To familiarize yourself with general provisions provision of state assistance, it is worth studying Law No. 88-FZ.

If a future entrepreneur wants to receive assistance from the state, he must prepare a business plan. Finished project must be submitted to the job center. The citizen must be registered as unemployed. The amount of the subsidy provided for the creation of a business is 58,800 rubles. The review period for a business plan can be up to 6 months.

Other documentation will also need to be prepared. A ready-made package of papers for receiving assistance from the state should include:

• passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• education documents;
• certificate of average salary for 3 months at the last place of employment;
• SNILS.

Then the citizen must write an application with a request for a subsidy. If approved, the company must be registered. A person can create an individual entrepreneur or LLC. The choice of the form of ownership depends on the planned scale of the business. When the procedure is completed, a subsidy will be credited to the bank account. Funds can only be spent on purposes previously specified in the business plan. The citizen will have to report on what the capital was spent on.

Interesting fact! Despite the extensive list of documentation, the main paper is a business plan. Based on it, the employees of the institution will decide on the possibility of providing assistance in creating their company. For this reason, the drafting of the project should be approached carefully.

The money can also be used to pay off loans that were taken to start a business earlier. In addition, a loan with a reduced interest rate can be issued.

If an entrepreneur wants to get a loan to create or develop a business, he can use microfinance under the state program. To take out a loan for the development of his business, the owner of the company must visit a fund that specializes in supporting small businesses in a particular region. The loan is provided under the following conditions:

• loan amount - 50,000-1,000,000 rubles;
• refund period - 3-12 months;
• overpayment amount - 10%.

Money is issued on bail, surety or bank guarantee. Entrepreneurs who have registered as an individual entrepreneur or have created an LLC can take advantage of the state program. Providing a bond will increase the likelihood of a positive decision on the application.

You can also apply directly to the bank participating in the state program. In this case, the SME Support Fund will act as a guarantor. The procedure for obtaining a loan is as follows:

1. An entrepreneur applies to the SME Support Fund. The organization's specialists provide a list of banks participating in the program.
2. The entrepreneur gets acquainted with the list and chooses the most suitable institution.
3. The business owner finds out the list of required papers, fills out an application and takes the finished list of documents to the bank.
4. The businessman is waiting for the decision of the credit institution. If the company agrees to lend money, it will be necessary to revisit the SME Support Fund and ask for a guarantee.

Money can also be received free of charge. The state is ready to provide a subsidy for business development. To use it, you need:

1. Register as unemployed.
2. Pass tests and then attend specialized entrepreneurship courses.
3. Prepare a business plan.
4. Register as an IP.
5. Open a bank account.

The money provided by the state has a strictly designated purpose. You will have to account for the money spent. In addition, the business owner must be prepared for sudden inspections.

Domestic experience in supporting small businesses

The state seeks to provide assistance to individuals who decide to start their own business. Assistance is provided in accordance with the programs:

• federal;
• regional;
• sectoral and intersectoral;
• municipal.

The Government of the Russian Federation annually before the submission of the federal budget submits to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation a draft federal program of state support for small business.

Financial provision of programs is carried out annually at the expense of budgets of different levels, as well as other sources. The amount of mandatory annual allocated funds is indicated in the expenditure side of the federal budget as a separate line on the proposal of the Government of the Russian Federation.

Interesting fact! Foreign experience has shown that small business needs comprehensive support from the state. Aid must be sustained. In order for small and medium-sized businesses to feel comfortable, the policy should be directed towards supporting the sphere.

However, the industry is not yet as developed as in other countries. Most of the problems arise due to the lack of working capital. The state provides subsidies and grants loans on preferential terms. However, the amounts issued on a gratuitous basis are not enough, and it is problematic to get a loan at the stage of starting a company.

In countries with developed market economies, much attention is paid to business lending. For these purposes, the state creates special structures and funds:

• Small Business Administration (USA);
• Credit for medium and small firms (France);
• Small Business Insurance Credit Corporation (Japan).

The government of the countries sets itself the task of preserving and developing competitive environment encouraging manufacturers to switch to more efficient technologies.

State structures foreign countries seek to ensure maximum legal protection of the interests of small and medium-sized businesses. For example, in the United States, a department of advocacy has been created in the structure of the Small Business Administration. Its head is appointed by the President and approved by the Congress. The head is accountable only to them.

Later, an arbitration division was created within the Small Business Administration. In various regions of the country, representatives of the structure hold hearings aimed at improving business efficiency. The department acts as a link between entrepreneurship and federal structures.

Interesting fact! More than 600,000 entrepreneurs register annually in the United States. However, already after 12 months, 500,000 of them close the established enterprises. The fact is that Americans are very mobile. Feeling that the company does not bring the expected profit, they close it and start doing business in another area.

Under the auspices of the same Administration, the Institute operates on the Internet. If an entrepreneur or student wants to start his own business, he can get free training and use information resources.

Today in Russia there are a large number of structures and forms created to support small businesses. However, a significant part of their functions remains unrealized. The reason is the imperfection of the business environment, especially in the innovation sphere. Modernization of the current legislation and an increase in the volume of assistance provided may lead to a change in the current situation.

The state helps the development of small businesses with tax incentives, special support programs, subsidizing interest rates on loans.

For 2018, the Russian government has developed priority areas of small business activity who can count on state support:

1. Development of the agro-industrial complex. Support for lending and insurance for areas of animal husbandry, crop production, and horticulture.
2. Production of consumer goods.
3. Health development.
4. Promotion in the field of science and technology.

Types and methods

small business is carried out from the budget of the Russian Federation and local budgets by providing subsidies and budget investments, for the implementation of business projects, one-time subsidies for starting a business for the unemployed.

Property support is to allocate, structures, special. machinery, equipment for certain conditions for intended use.

Information support includes the creation of websites with the official presentation of relevant materials, current programs, legislative changes. Also includes state support provision of necessary consultations.

Assistance from the state to small businesses is carried out public services.

Tax office

IFTS provides support in two directions:

1. Providing tax incentives. They include the possibility of accelerated fixed assets, the absence of work during the first 2 years (for enterprises producing consumer goods, construction organizations), the absence of advance tax payments.
2. The transition of small businesses to a simplified taxation system. It is possible to receive a tax credit in the amount of 10% of the proceeds, which is provided through a deferred payment to the local budget (up to 50%). Purpose of the loan: carrying out research and development work, purchasing modern equipment and creating jobs for the disabled.

IN this organization Entrepreneurs apply for financial support for business. For 2018 developed the following government programs help:

All allocated subsidies are strictly targeted. Supervisory authorities make targeted spending of the allocated funds at the stage of acquiring equipment and establishing a business. Often, participation in programs requires a share of participation from one's own funds.

Federal Portal for Small and Medium Business Support

He collects information on existing programs, provides advice on the collection of necessary documents for obtaining grants. It contains the necessary information on the received grants, existing regional projects.

Areas of support for small businesses in 2018:

1. Increasing demand for . Acquisition of domestic equipment when purchasing goods.
2. Training for young entrepreneurs. Allocation of funds for training programs in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
3. Official employment of citizens working in the "shadow" business. Establishment of a simplified accounting of non-working citizens, registration and training of them in employment centers to engage in entrepreneurial activities.
4. Comprehensive service for SMEs in a one-stop shop.
5. Development of women's entrepreneurship.

Funds of this type provide collateral for loans, leasing operations in the form of a guarantee. There are certain banks in banks. Required to complete a loan a number of conditions: availability of turnovers on the account, documented financial stability organizations, provision.

Otherwise, even if the issue of issuing a loan is positively resolved, the conditions for it will be unattractive for the borrower (increased interest, the requirement for insurance and additional guarantees).

Small business support funds enter into cooperation agreements with banks. An entrepreneur who has a business in the region, without overdue payments to the budget, who is not at the stage, has the right to use the services of the funds.

Such organizations provide support within the regional limit, enterprises engaged in priority activities for the region receive priority assistance. secured by guarantee funds have good conditions: the interest rate on them is lower by 2-3%, no additional collateral is required, good loan repayment conditions.

A new area of ​​support for small businesses is the creation of industrial parks. This is a system of real estate objects, which includes, in addition to a land plot, industrial buildings, offices, warehouses and other buildings with connected infrastructure.

Based on them, new production facilities are created that do not pollute environment. They can be either public or private.

The park is managed by a management company. She is responsible for public utilities, waste disposal, logistics, landscaping.

TO benefits activities of small enterprises in industrial parks include:

• providing good production conditions with prospects for growth and expansion;
• the presence in banks of preferential lending programs for residents;
• reduction of logistics costs;
• subsidizing infrastructure maintenance costs.

Distribution of business areas by ministries

Farm support. Grants are provided for the construction of farms, the purchase of livestock, the purchase of feed, the provision of land and seed. For receipt, contact the Ministry Agriculture region.

Ministry of Education provides subsidies for the development of technological industries, innovative projects. The development of handicraft areas is engaged in Ministry of Industry and Trade.

Implemented the following types of support:

1. Assistance in organizing and opening a business. The maximum amount is 300-500 thousand rubles.
2. Acquisition of equipment on lease. The maximum amount is up to 10 million rubles.
3. Compensation of part of the interest rate on the loan.
4. One-stop-shop zones are being created in the MFC. Entrepreneurs can apply to the Center for a full package of services necessary for business.

Together with banks, programs have been developed for lending to entrepreneurs from 10.6% per annum, with the possibility of refinancing at the Bank of Russia at 6.5%. Targeted loans - for the acquisition and modernization of fixed assets, expansion of production, introduction of new technologies.

Each subject of the Russian Federation develops regional programs to support entrepreneurship, business incubators and various funds to stimulate business development are being created. All regions have priority areas for development that support entrepreneurs. To study specific programs and conditions operating in the region, contact the Regional Center for Entrepreneurship Development Support.

To participate in preferential programs, it is necessary to collect a package of documents, provide a business plan, and fill out an application form. Evaluation of projects is carried out on a competitive basis.

Main evaluation parameters:

• the number of newly created jobs;
• direction of activity;
• deductions to the budget;
• payback period of the project;
• significance for a particular region.

Restrictions on receiving subsidies from the state

1. Direction of activity of the entrepreneur. It is impossible to get a subsidy for tobacco, alcohol production, for opening a banking or insurance business.
2. Large investment required. When creating a business plan, the maximum possible amount of support available for programs should be taken into account.
3. Illiterate business plan. It should reflect not only the profitability of the project, but also its payback period, jobs created, and significance for the development of the region. All figures are confirmed by specific calculations with supporting documents attached.
4. The subsidy cannot be received if entrepreneur is in bankruptcy.
5. Cannot be resubmitted, it is provided once.

Vladimir Putin spoke about the preparation important decisions in support of small and medium businesses.