Deep penetration waterproofing for interior work. Penetrating waterproofing for concrete: the best way to protect against moisture. Penetrating concrete waterproofing: materials, selection process
The strength of a home starts with the foundation. In rainy times, moisture will certainly penetrate into the basement of the house, and then - through the cement joints - into the room. The better the protection of the base from moisture and weather factors, the longer the building will stand idle.
If no measures were taken in advance during the construction of the house, then the penetrating waterproofing of concrete from the inside of the dwelling will help to fix the problem later. Therefore, builders place the main emphasis on high-quality waterproofing. Recently, penetrating waterproofing has become popular.
How it works
The main function of protecting walls from moisture is performed by special additives for mixtures of high quality cement and quartz sand. The principle of operation is as follows: after application, the chemical components of the composition begin to spread through the capillaries. And then, colliding with water, they turn into insoluble crystals, filling the most vulnerable places - microcracks, pores, etc.
Compared to other waterproofing methods, such as polymer-rolled mastics, it has significant benefits, in particular:
- increasing the water resistance of concrete;
- laying a layer of material directly in concrete;
- processing of external and internal surfaces irrespective of pressure of water is possible.
Application area
It is possible to accelerate the formation of moisture-proof crystals by applying a waterproofing agent to a wet surface. Such protection is able to withstand liquids penetrating from the outside. That is why it is often used for the reconstruction of premises in which it is no longer possible to perform waterproofing by another method. Penetrating waterproofing agents have proven their effectiveness in the construction of residential buildings and other objects exposed to high humidity (wells, bathrooms, cellars).
Many builders are still not aware of the existence of such a method, preferring bitumen-based mastics. They have a significant drawback - when applied from the inside, mastics are unable to withstand water, losing their function. And any shrinkage of the soil leads to the unsuitability of the entire layer.
Despite their positive characteristics, the effect of the mixture in some cases does not have the desired effect. In particular, this applies to walls made of foam blocks and other large-porous materials and prefabricated foundations.
Work algorithm
Now let's take a closer look at the method of applying penetrating waterproofing for concrete. First you need to prepare the surface for waterproofing. It can be done with chemicals by mechanical means or with water jets. The key goal of the worker is to eradicate efflorescence (a coating that prevents the waterproofing from getting deep into the concrete).
Application methods
The chemical method involves the use of special solvents. Mechanical cleaning of efflorescence is carried out hand tool(drills or grinders). The use of pressurized water jet machines is more advanced and fast way elimination of efflorescence over a large area. The most economical, but more laborious is considered mechanical method. Chemical reagents are expensive, and renting water jets is also not always justified.
Nuances and effect
Next, you should especially carefully moisten the surface with a spray bottle. This must be done patiently, in several passes, until each 1 m2 of surface absorbs at least 5 liters. water. The interval between repetitions of the procedure is identical to the drying time of the concrete. Finishing stage consists in applying the mixture itself according to the instructions on the package.
If there is no instruction, the process is divided into two stages. First, the mixture is applied with a stiff brush or sponge. After drying with perpendicular strokes, another layer is applied with a spatula or brush. After about an hour, the surface is moistened.
Perfectly executed waterproofing for many years will relieve you of the problems caused by moisture penetration. In addition, concrete becomes impervious to water to a depth of 40 cm. And the number of cycles of resistance to temperature fluctuations increases several times.
Use for brick
The effect of penetrating waterproofing is designed for concrete, but sometimes it is necessary to apply it for insulation. brick walls. Only in this case we will talk about a special waterproofing plaster. To make it to the master will not be difficult. The procedure is carried out in three stages:
- fix the plaster mesh (cells 50 × 50 cm) on the brickwork so that the distance from the wall does not exceed 15 mm;
- plaster it only with a sand-cement mixture. The layer thickness must be at least 40 mm. Actually, it determines the depth of isolation;
- a day later, apply a penetrating waterproofing.
Manufacturers
The leading positions in the market are occupied by domestic manufacturers - Penetron, Lakhta, Kalmatron, etc. They are also leaders in sales of building supermarkets. Consider the features of each of them.
Grades for primary insulation
The manufacturer "Penetron" refers its mixture to the group of primary waterproofing of concrete. The principle of its operation is aimed at increasing the atmospheric stability of concrete. In addition, its corrosion resistance increases. The composition includes sand, cement and active additives. The dry mixture is diluted in a ratio of 2 parts of water to 1 part of Penetron. The service life is declared as unlimited.
Marky Kalmatron
Concrete waterproofing "Kalmatron" modifies the surface at the molecular level. Due to this, moisture resistance improves several times. Varieties of the mixture are successfully used at all stages of construction - from laying the foundation to finishing. It consists of Portland cement, special granular sand and patented reagents that take the brunt of contact with water.
The degree of their concentration is different, which formed three types of goods:
- basic version "Kalmatron" for insulation of structures, incl. having direct contact with water;
- "Colmatex" is distinguished by the addition of white cement for aesthetics;
- "Kalmatron Economy" - a budget option composition with the same properties. Can be used both for its intended purpose and as plaster composition by brick.
Complex Products
Another manufacturer that deserves attention is Penetrat. It offers not just a waterproofing product, but a whole complex. Each element of the chain has its own purpose. Without one of them, the stability of the protection may be violated. The range of complex products includes the following types:
- preparation "Penetrat" of deep penetration eliminates the seepage of moisture through the pores and microcracks of the concrete surface;
- "Penetrat Seam" seals seams, board joints, cracks in buildings through which moisture can penetrate;
- "Penetrat Aqua Stop" will get in the way of gushing leaks that occur when there are gusts of thermal and water communications;
- additive to the mixture "Penetrat Mix" increases the frost resistance, water resistance and strength of concrete;
- "Injection Penetrate" is useful in case of cut-off waterproofing;
- "Penetrat Hydro" makes protection against moisture more effective.
active chemistry
The last manufacturer I would like to pay attention to is KtTron. Its mixture includes chemically active particles. Combined with sand and cement, they create a solid foundation that protects the concrete. The mechanism of action is as follows:
- the solution is absorbed into the body of the wetted concrete due to the counter diffusion of the molecules of the components and the solvent (water), pushed by the osmotic pressure. The maximum penetration depth is about 600 mm;
- when a liquid comes into contact with heavy metal molecules, crystalline hydrates are formed. They serve as a shield for the respiratory organs and concrete cracks;
- The surface tension of liquids does not allow moisture to pass through and increases resistance to evaporation.
The presented brands and manufacturers of penetrating waterproofing agents are only a small part of a wide range of outlets.
Sometimes ordinary waterproofing does not help protect foundations that are in active contact with water. To prevent the destruction of structures from moisture, it is necessary to use a waterproofing penetrating water stop for concrete. Today we will talk about penetrating compounds, consider their advantages and disadvantages. We will introduce you to the mechanism of penetrating waterproofing, advise the best mixtures for it, and inform you about the technology for using such waterproofing.
Scope of penetrating waterproofing
Waterproofing is necessary in order to protect the structural material installed in the room from moisture, increasing its service life. Water contains salts, which, penetrating into the structure of the material, begin to destroy it, reducing its strength and durability. To prevent the negative impact of water on the building, to increase the moisture resistance of the building material, a waterproofing layer is laid.
Penetrating waterproofing-cement-sand mixture using chemical additives.
The difference between penetrating waterproofing and other compounds is that it creates a waterproofing layer not on the surface of the foundation, but in its thickness, inside.
Chemical additives are able to penetrate to a depth of 10-12cm.
This waterproofing is used in many structures with high humidity:
The principle of operation, the pros and cons of penetrating waterproofing
The material is applied to wet concrete, previously mixed with water. Chemicals in penetrating materials react with elements concrete mix and form insoluble crystals.
And since the structure of concrete is capillary-porous, the crystals fill its microcracks, blocking access to water. Air can pass through it, allowing the concrete to breathe. Thanks to penetrating waterproofing, concrete becomes compacted, a high-strength film 2-3 mm thick is formed on it, and even strong water pressure cannot wash active substances out of it.
If water molecules fall on such concrete, then chemical reaction resumes again. Substances penetrate even deeper into it, thus capturing more and more areas of it, making it highly durable and waterproof. The penetration depth of such waterproofing throughout the entire thickness of concrete is 30-40 cm, it can close cracks 4 mm wide.
Benefits of using:
Penetrating waterproofing has its drawbacks
The choice of penetrating waterproofing
"Penetron"
One of the most popular building penetrating mixtures is "Penetron." This material system increases the water resistance of concrete by 4 steps. So before processing concrete, he withstood water pressure of 2 atmospheres. After using Penetron penetrating waterproofing, it is able to withstand water pressure of 10 atmospheres, and over time can achieve water resistance.
Chemically active substances "Penetron" penetrate into the concrete, regardless of the direction of water pressure. The movement of the Penetron elements is possible deep into the concrete and against the flow of water. Once inside, active chemical elements"Penetron" react with aluminum ions, calcium, oxides and metal salts. As a result, an insoluble precipitate appears in the form of crystals, which fill the concrete cells without letting water in. The water resistance of concrete is increased.
"Penetron" is a dry building mix, which includes quartz sand and chemical additives. This quality patented material has been used for more than 50 years for in-situ and precast concrete and reinforced concrete structures. American penetrating material protects and restores old concrete with cracks no more than 0.5 mm.
Its effectiveness allows the use of "Penetron" not only for industrial, but also for domestic purposes: to protect pools, bathrooms, basements. The material is not cheap - the cost for 1 kg is 4-5 dollars, and its consumption is 1 kg per square meter.
Expensive pleasure, isn't it? But it's worth it. Better buy quality material before resuming repairs. Just carefully look at the goods on the market so as not to buy a cheap fake.
"Crystallisol"
High-quality mixture for penetrating waterproofing. The composition of "Kristallizola" includes river or quartz sand, special cement and active chemical additives. The manufacturer GidroStroyKomplekt does not reveal the secret of the composition of the mixture.
It is produced in Russia, so it costs less - only $ 1 per 1 kg. But it is in no way inferior to a well-known brand, and even surpasses it in some respects.
Yes, waterproof plaster mixture restores damaged concrete structures, perfectly protects swimming pools, water tanks, walls and floors of basements that are below the groundwater level.
For joints and seams, it is produced - "Sutural" "Kristallizol", for new and old concrete structures - W12, for the walls of wells "Gidroplomba", for restoration - "Repair"
"Lakhta"
Reviews of the dry mix are the best. Consumers praise the building material for its quality, efficiency and lower price than foreign counterparts: $2-3 per 1 kg. At the same time, it is higher than the price of the penetrating mixture of the domestic manufacturer Kristallizola. It consists of a mixture of quartz sand, cement and active chemical additives.
"Lakhta" does not exfoliate, forms a protective layer that prevents mechanical damage. Water resistance W10. Lakhta is effective even at high hydrostatic pressure. Widely used in industry and everyday life. Safe material, therefore approved for waterproofing potable water tanks.
Before applying "Lakhta" concrete surface should be cleaned of oil products, dirt, dust, so that foreign substances do not prevent the material from penetrating into the concrete pores.
A smooth surface should be sanded under high pressure, and then hydrochloric acid diluted in a ratio of 1:10 should be applied to it. This is necessary in order for the pores of the concrete to open.
"Element"
Produced waterproofing penetrating "Element" in Stavropol. It costs one and a half dollars per kilogram.
It is used to protect basements, balconies, swimming pools, cellars, underground parking lots, socles, mines, hydraulic structures from water. "Element" penetrates into the concrete for several tens of centimeters.
The crystals that fill the capillaries of concrete go deeper inside, the wetter it is. And the stronger it becomes. Concrete after exposure to the penetrating mixture "Element" prevents water filtration even under strong pressure. The armor layer that occurs when applying the mixture protects against mechanical damage, chemical influences, corrosion of metals.
"KT TRON"
Krov Trade specialists offer a wide range of building mixtures. Here, not only penetrating waterproofing, but also compounds that protect the seams and joints of structures, as well as mixtures to eliminate their instantaneous leakage.
There is a waterproof plaster in the line, which is applied to walls, additives to concrete that increase its water resistance.
The company employs specialists who are professionals in their field, who use best achievements science and technology. The main advantages of the composition of penetrating materials is the presence in them of elements similar in structure to cement. Therefore, they have the same service life as concrete. Penetrating mixtures are used to make structures dry, watertight: basements, garages, plinths, bathrooms, industrial and energy complexes.
"Hydrotex"
Penetrating waterproofing is composed of sand, cement and additives. For waterproofing the inner layer, "Hydrotex B" is used, for the outer "Hydrotex U."
Hydrotex manufacturers claim that their compounds can penetrate to a depth of 1m.
"Osmosil"– penetrating materials made in Italy. They protect both industrial facilities and private buildings. Before using them, walls and floors should be plastered.
Aquatron-6- this waterproofing penetrates deep into the concrete by 40 cm.
Technology of work with penetrating compositions
Technology of penetrating waterproofing of joints and seams
If cracks big size, add fine gravel.
If the concrete structure with traces of destruction, then the mixture is applied with a spatula in several layers. The layer size must reach at least 13mm.
After an hour, treat the surface with a liquid waterproofing compound.
Foundation processing technology with penetrating waterproofing
This technology is used to process new block or monolithic foundations, as with inside, as well as from the outside.
The composition can be applied both from the inside of the room and from the outside.
If there are destroyed foundation structures, then the mixture should be of a pasty consistency. Apply it with a layer of 2 mm.
The surface should be covered with a decorative layer only 21 days after the use of waterproofing materials.
Foundation repair technology using penetrating compounds
This technology is used to eliminate leaks with a strong hydrostatic head. Hydro-penetrating seal stops leaking by installing a waterproof plug in the crack
Today we introduced you to penetrating waterproofing, its advantages and disadvantages, told you where it is used, and informed you about the technology of its use.
We hope that our advice will help you protect your building from destruction, extend its service life for many years.
Waterproofing "Penetron" - one of the most popular materials in the construction industry. Produced in the form of a dry mixture, which includes a specialized albolite and chemical modifiers. The composition is used for waterproofing reinforced concrete and concrete surfaces of structures. "Penetron" increases the resistance of buildings to moisture, low temperatures, acids, alkalis, ground, marine and waste water.
Scope of waterproofing "Penetron"
The insulating material can either act as an independent composition or be applied in combination with other auxiliary mixtures from a similar product series. The specific application depends on the type of construction.
Penetrating waterproofing "Penetron" is used when there are cracks 0.4 mm wide on the treated surface. If the size of the defects is more significant, then the Penekrit composition is also used. Both mixtures eliminate cracks, joints and wide seams.
The advantage of "Penetron" is radioactive purity and environmental friendliness. Waterproofing is completely safe for the environment and human health.
The composition is used for waterproofing monolithic and prefabricated structures made of concrete and reinforced concrete. The surface treated with such a composition better resists the effects of moisture, aggressive agents, increases its strength, frost resistance.
Benefits of building mix
Waterproofing "Penetron" today is considered one of the most effective methods from exposure to moisture.
The advantages of the composition include the following facts:
- Penetrating waterproofing is not subject to mechanical wear, since concrete acquires all the insulating properties. The service life of the coating is equal to the service life of the structure on which it was applied.
- More technological application. For example, waterproofing the foundation with Penetron can be carried out from any side - the penetrating properties of the solution will do their job without drying the concrete itself.
- Dry mortar is capable of closing cracks that form during operation in concrete with a width of not more than 0.5 mm. When water seeps into the pores of the base, crystals grow, which push out moisture.
- "Penetron" does not change physical properties concrete mix - strength, mobility, setting time and others. The exception is water resistance.
Branded solutions "Penetron" help even in cases where similar mixtures can not cope.
The principle of operation of penetrating waterproofing
The insulation mortar is applied only to the wet concrete surface. Interacting with the base material, the mixture creates a high chemical potential while maintaining a lower potential of the internal structure of the concrete. The emerging contributes to the penetration of "Penetron" deep into the material of the insulated structure.
The higher its humidity, the faster and more efficiently it will this process. Waterproofing components are able to penetrate deep into concrete structures by several tens of centimeters.
Unique properties of "Penetron"
Penetrating mixtures have certain characteristics that greatly simplify their application and increase efficiency.
- Such solutions are applied to both wet and dry surfaces. Pre-drying of the base is not required, which saves cash when performing work.
- Special surface preparation before applying "Penetron" is not required.
- You can apply waterproofing to any. In addition, it reacts not only with it, but also with reinforcing components.
- Ecological cleanliness and safety of waterproofing allows it to be used for the treatment of drinking water tanks.
Surface preparation
Before applying the solution to the concrete surface, it is desirable to clean it from sand, dirt, dust, old paintwork and decorative coatings. For this purpose, you can use special equipment that supplies a high-pressure jet of water.
The concrete cleaned from dirt and dust is washed with a weak acid solution and left in this form for one hour. This is done to eliminate fatty traces and accumulations.
It is worth remembering that best effect from waterproofing "Penetron" can be achieved if the entire structure of concrete is impregnated with a solution and applied to a wet surface.
Waterproofing "Penetron": application technology
The process of processing concrete structures is started after the surface is completely cleaned of dirt and the required amount of the mixture is prepared. Waterproofing "Penetron" is applied in two layers with a brush made of synthetic fibers or a special sprayer.
As mentioned above, all work is carried out only with wet concrete. The first layer of waterproofing is applied immediately after the surface of the structure is wetted with water. Then they wait some time for the composition to “seize”, after which the concrete is moistened again and a second layer is applied.
The main requirement is uniform distribution composition on the surface of the structure, without gaps and gaps. On average, about 0.8-1.1 kg of the mixture will have to be spent per square meter of area, however, the presence of defects and surface irregularities can significantly increase consumption. Waterproofing "Penetron" is often used in conjunction with "Penecrete" and other materials from a similar line, allowing you to eliminate leaks, seams, joints and junctions of block structures.
Waterproofing "Penetron": reviews and approximate cost
Before purchasing any building materials it is important to ensure their quality. You can do this by looking at the reviews of real consumers. one line receive mostly positive feedback, including Penetron dry mixes. The price of these building materials is perhaps the only point of dissatisfaction.
If we compare the cost of laying the gluing type of waterproofing, taking into account its operational life, then the cost of acquiring a dry mix will not be so big.
On average, for one package of Penetron waterproofing, the price varies from 200 to 300 rubles.
Maintenance of structures treated with waterproofing
For three days after applying the composition, the concrete surface must be protected from mechanical damage and impacts. The base should also not dry out - this can cause cracking and peeling. To avoid this, you can spray water onto the surface with a spray gun or cover it with plastic wrap.
In most cases, concrete structures are finished decorative materials. When treating surfaces with Penetron waterproofing, subsequent finishing work can be carried out only after 28 days.
Penetrating waterproofing has been known for a long time. Back in Soviet times, they used special formulations based on sodium methyl siliconate, which impregnated the surfaces of concrete, masonry and brickwork. As a result of the chemical reaction of the substance with carbon dioxide, an insoluble polymer gel was formed, which filled the pores of the material from the inside. The water resistance, strength and frost resistance of concrete or brickwork increased several times, and, accordingly, the service life of the material also increased. After all, it is the effect of moisture and adverse weather conditions- the reason for the imminent destruction of any building made of concrete or brick. Previously, such waterproofing was practically not used in everyday life, for example, to protect the floor in the bathroom from possible leaks, as they do now.
Recently, penetrating waterproofing for the protection of foundations, pools, bathrooms, basements and other structures that can be constantly exposed to the harmful effects of moisture has become increasingly popular in a professional environment. And there are very good reasons for this. Let's look at all the advantages of such waterproofing.
What are the advantages of penetrating waterproofing over roll and mastic materials?
Foundation - essential element, the basis of any structure. And if it is not reliably protected from the effects of adverse factors, the life of the building will be significantly reduced. The action of groundwater on an unprotected concrete foundation can reduce this period to several years. After that, the house will begin to gradually collapse: humidity will reign in the rooms, cracks will begin to appear on the walls, and mold will start in the dark corners. Neighborhood with wood lice and mold colonies can hardly be called pleasant, but these are still “flowers”. The impact of groundwater on the foundation can lead to the collapse of the building - this is really serious.
To avoid a sad scenario, at the stage of building a foundation, you should take care of it. reliable waterproofing. The use of special roll coatings and bituminous mastics doesn't quite solve the problem.
Disadvantages of mastics and roll materials compared to penetrating waterproofing:
- Rolled and mastic materials protect the structure only from the application side;
- Any marriage or damage to the protective layer can lead to the penetration of moisture into the surface of the concrete;
- The presence of seams in rolled insulation is its most vulnerable spot, because the material has to be laid in two layers to cover the surface of the seams, and this significantly increases the consumption and cost of work;
- If the groundwater level is high enough, the service life of rolled insulation can be reduced to three to five years;
- The main disadvantage of mastic waterproofing is also its fragility;
- If the work is carried out after the construction of the house, then the insulation of the coating and roll type require the obligatory digging of the outer wall.
Penetrating foundation waterproofing easily solves all these issues. Why? Its action is based on a completely unique principle. The composition of dry mortars for waterproofing can vary, but is usually cement mixture with the addition of quartz sand and chemicals that have the ability to penetrate deeply into the cellular structure of concrete. Where, during a chemical reaction, crystals are formed that densely fill the pores of the material from the inside. These crystals become part of the concrete structure, compact it and prevent water from penetrating.
The main advantages of penetrating waterproofing:
- At the construction stage, penetrating waterproofing of the foundation is provided by adding a dry mix of the Penetron Admix type (or other brands) to the composition of the concrete being mixed. This changes the structure of concrete, turning it into a qualitatively different material. The foundation will be protected from the impact of groundwater throughout the entire thickness of the structure, regardless of their depth;
- Such waterproofing works as long as the concrete "lives", because the material itself becomes waterproof;
- The crystals formed inside the cells have the ability to “self-heal”: if water still penetrates into the materials during operation, the formation of crystals resumes, and the concrete “heals” itself;
- terms of construction or repair work are reduced, because when using penetrating waterproofing, there is no need to thoroughly dry the concrete. The mixture must be applied to a wet surface, and the higher its humidity, the faster chemical reactions occur with the participation of active components;
- Concrete saves everything specifications: setting speed, air permeability, mobility, frost resistance, and so on. It "breathes", remains vapor-permeable. Materials treated with penetrating type waterproofing compounds only significantly change their water resistance characteristics;
- If waterproofing works are carried out after the completion of the construction phase, then this type of insulation will allow you to carry out all the necessary manipulations without digging out the foundation of the house. Processing of the structure can be carried out from any side, including from the inside;
- Penetrating waterproofing is effective in any direction of water movement and its pressure level;
Penetrating waterproofing of the entire surface of the masonry, all seams and joints prevents the penetration of acidic and alkaline aggressive environments, microorganisms and fungi into the concrete thickness; protects materials from salt sea water, groundwater and wastewater with different content of harmful components.
Disadvantages of penetrating waterproofing
Alas, they have not yet come up with an ideal protection for concrete structures from the effects of water, which destroys the material from the inside. Despite all its remarkable characteristics, penetrating waterproofing has its drawbacks. Let's talk about them in more detail:
- Penetrating materials cannot be used as the only shield against moisture. Protection must be comprehensive. Need additional processing seams and joints with special mixtures to prevent moisture from seeping through these vulnerable spots;
- The cost of penetrating waterproofing is relatively expensive, the current price now varies between 2-5 dollars per 1 square meter, depending on the brand of the mixture;
- Waterproofing both inside and outside the building requires difficult preparatory work, For example, concrete walls must be absolutely clean, well moistened, smooth, treated with acidic solutions. Waterproofing painted or rendered walls requires careful removal old paint, plaster fragments. As well as degreasing, cleaning with sand or high pressure water pressure, iron brushing. Full access to the capillary system of concrete must open, otherwise the waterproofing will be ineffective;
- The walls must be free from cracks and damage, therefore, such waterproofing is not used on old leached structures; small cracks and cracks are carefully sealed with cement mortar;
- The concrete surface is thoroughly cleaned of mold, oil stains, soil and even dust;
- Penetrating waterproofing is ineffective for walls made of aerated concrete and foam concrete, because. the size of the cells in the structure of the materials is too large, and the crystals will not be able to tightly close them from the inside;
- Penetrating mixtures are ineffective on the surface of the brickwork, because the brick lacks the element necessary for the chemical reaction. Only the surfaces of the seams can be treated with waterproofing mixtures, because. V masonry mortar there are cement hydration products. The problem of masonry waterproofing is usually solved with the help of external protection, where roll and coating materials are used;
- The solution for processing the wall of the floor must be used within half an hour, therefore it is prepared in small portions - in ready mix water cannot be added;
- Treated walls and floor surfaces must be well protected from drying out and exposure to low temperatures. The rooms must be warm, and the walls and floor surface are either covered with a film or thoroughly moistened over the next two weeks.
Important! Penetrating waterproofing of brickwork is carried out only by qualified workers, using special equipment.
As they say, there is no perfection in the world. But still, it is penetrating waterproofing that is the most reliable and effective tool protection of any concrete structures of industrial and household purpose: swimming pools, bathroom floors, foundations, basements, hydraulic structures, mines, reservoirs, wharfs, etc. And it has remained so for many years.
Application area
Penetrating mixtures are used wherever protection of concrete structures from moisture is required: sewage and ground water, sea water, etc. This protection proved to be excellent in various areas of construction. The chemicals that make up dry mixes are safe for human health, so they are widely used for waterproofing wells, drinking water tanks, swimming pools, and bathrooms.
Mixtures are effective when applied even from inside buildings. For example, penetrating basement waterproofing to protect against groundwater is effective, even without additional application on the foundation walls. This reduces the cost and duration of repair work, because the foundation does not need to be dug out, dried thoroughly, as is done in the case of using rolled and mastic waterproofing systems.
The non-toxicity of the mixtures allows them to be used in residential areas: in the bathroom to protect walls and floors from the harmful effects of moisture, in residential areas of the basement, and so on.
Important! Any finishing work should be postponed until the crystallization process takes place. Apply any type of plaster, including gypsum, or other decorative finishing materials on the surface treated with waterproofing compounds, it is possible not earlier than after 30 days.
If you can't stand it right time before the beginning finishing works, the finish will be hopelessly damaged.
Popular building mixes for penetrating waterproofing
Penetron
Penetrating waterproofing Penetron is a patented building mixture that has been used in construction around the world for more than 50 years. This is a special cement mixture, which includes quartz sand and active chemical components. Its market price is slightly higher than the average for competitors: the cost of 1 kg of dry mix today is 4-5 dollars. And the consumption of dry mix for processing concrete walls, floors, foundations of buildings is approximately 1 kg per square meter. In general, Penetron is not a cheap pleasure, although reviews say that it is worth the money. Of course, in the event that a high-quality patented mixture is really purchased, and not a cheap fake, which are often found on the Russian market.
Building mixtures of the brand are widely used for industrial and domestic purposes. In everyday life, the protection of swimming pools, basements, foundations and bathrooms gives excellent results.
You can learn more about Penetron by watching the video. The video clip describes in sufficient detail the principle of operation of penetrating waterproofing. Also from the video you can learn about the rules for applying a waterproofing mixture, about preparatory process before the start of work, and about all subsequent stages.
Important! It is better to purchase building mixtures of the Penetron family from reliable sellers, because it is this brand that most often becomes the object of falsification.
Crystallisol
The principle of operation of all waterproofing mixtures is the same: active substances penetrate the intracellular structure of concrete, where a chemical reaction occurs with the calcium salts in it. Further, crystals grow, which tightly close the pores of the material, ensuring its water resistance. Crystallisol works on the same principle, and its composition also includes river or quartz sand, special cement and proprietary chemicals that the manufacturer prefers to keep secret. The Crystallisol mixture is also applied to a moistened concrete surface in the same way.
Of course, all mixtures for penetrating insulation are certainly compared with Penetron, which can be understood - quite for a long time he simply did not have worthy analogues. However, the reviews of professionals indicate that Crystallisol, which, by the way, is produced in Russia, is practically not inferior to the famous brand. And in some ways it even excels. For example, Penetron has no analogues of the plaster waterproofing mixture, which is used to repair and restore destroyed concrete structures, and which the Russian Kristallizol can boast of. And, of course, a reasonable price. Mixtures of the Crystallizol group are produced in Russia, because they market price lower than that of the Penetron. The cost of 1 kg of dry mix Crystallisol today is approximately 1 dollar.
Kristallizol mixtures are used to protect any concrete structures exposed to permanent or temporary harmful effects of moisture. Good results gives protection to swimming pools, bathrooms, any water reservoirs, foundations, walls and floors in basements located below the groundwater level.
You can learn more about Kristallizol waterproofing materials from the video. In a rather long video, they talk in detail and in an accessible way about the benefits of penetrating waterproofing of this brand.
Lakhta
Another popular and high-quality Russian brand is Lakhta. They have a fairly wide range of dry construction compounds performing the most different tasks. The principle of operation of the penetrating waterproofing compound Lakhta is the same as that of Crystallisol or Penetron: active substances get inside the concrete structure, a chemical reaction occurs, and the pores of the material tightly close the crystals. The liquid mixture is also applied to a pre-moistened and carefully prepared surface in the same way.
The price offered by Lakhta is slightly lower than that of its foreign counterpart, but higher than that of the Russian Crystalisol. On average, today the cost of a waterproofing mixture Lakhta is approximately 2-3 dollars per 1 kg. Reviews of ordinary consumers and professionals in the field of construction indicate that in terms of its properties, Lakhta is practically in no way inferior to its famous competitor.
Lahta waterproofing mixtures are used to protect residential buildings and industrial facilities. Good results are obtained by the use of dry mixes for waterproofing pools, wells, bathroom floors and walls, balconies, basements and foundations.
You can learn how to properly prepare a waterproofing solution using the Lakhta mixture from this video. The video will also tell you how to properly prepare the concrete surface, in what proportions the dry mortar and water should be combined, what consistency the liquid mixture should be, and other important nuances.
Element
Another popular brand is Element. Produce dry building mixes Element in Russian city Stavropol. The product line of the Element brand includes: water repellent, elastic waterproofing, penetrating waterproofing and liquid rubber to protect the roof from water. The element is distinguished by a fairly affordable price: on average, the cost of 1 kg of dry building mix An element on the Russian market is equal to 1.5 dollars.
Penetrating waterproofing of this brand can be used in household and industrial purposes to protect concrete structures from the outside and from the inside. It is used for waterproofing balconies, basements, pools, floors and walls in the bathroom. And also for the protection of tunnels, mines, reservoirs, hydraulic structures. And wherever it is necessary to preserve concrete structures with the constant harmful effects of ground and waste water, sea water, and precipitation.
The foundation is one of the most important elements in the construction of buildings, and its protection from moisture and groundwater seepage is sometimes crucial. It is equally important to provide protection from the moisture of the base when laying various floor coverings. For these purposes, the use of penetrating waterproofing is most effective. These are mixtures of special cement and additives that, upon contact with concrete, seep through the smallest pores and cracks, fill voids and crystallize upon contact with water. When using these mixtures, the concrete base becomes waterproof and acquires additional frost-resistant qualities.
Application area
Due to their versatility, waterproofing mixes for concrete are used in many areas of construction:
- when laying the foundation;
- to protect basements from moisture;
- for additional protection and strengthening of brickwork;
- for waterproofing floors and walls in bathrooms and kitchens;
- in the construction of swimming pools and garden ornamental ponds;
- when processing the base for self-leveling floors or other floor coverings.
Due to the possibility of using compositions not only during the construction of objects, but also in ready-made premises waterproofing materials penetrating effect wide use in the area of renovations. Mixtures are also successfully used for the construction of monumental reinforced concrete structures, such as dams, bridge supports, and others, as well as for their restoration.
Advantages
Although habitual use rolled materials for protection against moisture are more common, they are not as effective as penetrating waterproofing for concrete, because they have a limited effect and are not able to penetrate into the thickness of the concrete block. Also in case constant contact with water, rolled mastic materials are deformed and destroyed, while waterproofing with a solution only strengthens the concrete walls of pools and wells.
Main positive traits mixtures for concrete waterproofing:
- ensuring reliable water tightness of the treated area;
- protection against the penetration of fungus, mold and toxic substances;
- suitable for use in contact with sea water, sewage;
- giving additional strength and resistance to temperature extremes;
- penetration of the mixture throughout the entire thickness of the concrete layer;
- ease of preparation and application;
- the possibility of performing work in small selective places, also in hard-to-reach areas;
- environmental Safety, harmless to human health, non-toxic;
- the ability to use both for internal and external works;
- the possibility of application regardless of the degree of completion of construction, as well as for repair and restoration work;
- reducing the time of work - the surface does not have to be thoroughly dried for several days, as is the case with other waterproofing methods.
As a result of the interaction of the composition of the mixture with concrete, it becomes an integral part of it and therefore the service life of such waterproofing is as long as that of the structure itself. The properties of the mixture make it convenient to add it directly to the concrete at the pouring stage, providing the highest quality insulation and strengthening the resulting concrete block.
Flaws
The main disadvantage of penetrating waterproofing is its price - the cost of materials and work remains quite high, although it pays off with a quality result. You also need to take into account the following negative points:
- the composition is not always effective in places of rough joints and cracks, in these cases additional protection is required;
- rather complex surface preparation, designed to ensure high-quality material seepage inside the block;
- not all base materials are suitable for processing - for example, foam concrete has too large pores that the mixture cannot fill with sufficient quality;
- the rapid setting of the mortar forces it to be used in small quantities, which makes it difficult to prepare for work.
Despite a number of difficulties, mixtures for waterproofing concrete and masonry are unmatched on the market. modern market materials for construction and repair.
Popular manufacturers
Materials for waterproofing concrete began to gain wide popularity in our country only in last years, but some manufacturers managed to earn respect high level the quality of their products. For correct selection it is necessary to take into account the specifics of the place of work - the degree of wear, damage to the surface, the purpose is also important - the mixture is used as the main insulation, or to protect the joints, as a preventive protection.
Penetron
A mixture based on cement and quartz sand with the addition of active chemical compositions. Has the following characteristics:
- It is used for concrete and reinforced concrete structures (foundations, wells, cellars).
- Suitable for both prefabricated and monolithic structures.
- Provides the best efficiency when working with concrete grades from M100 with a uniform surface that does not have cracks larger than 0.4 mm.
- Not suitable for masonry and foam concrete.
- Before processing, a thorough cleaning of the surface from dirt, paint and plaster is required.
- Apply with a sprayer or brush.
The solution is mixed in the ratio of mixture and water 2:1, it is recommended to apply in two layers. With this application, the material consumption will be approximately 0.8 kg per 1 sq.m.
Crystallisol
A mixture based on cement, river sand and special chemical compounds, causing active growth of crystals in concrete cells as a result of interaction with calcium salts. Composition properties:
- Versatility - suitable for all types of surfaces in contact with water.
- It has a line of compounds designed for surfaces of various types.
- Russian production, low price compared to foreign counterparts.
- High resistance to aggressive media, does not wash out.
- Resistant to large temperature changes.
Consumption is from 0.8 kg per square meter, depending on the degree of deterioration of the base, an increase in consumption is possible.
Lakhta
Dry compositions for construction work Russian production. A line has been developed to perform various tasks and types of work, including restoration in case of severe wear.
- Portland cement base with silica sand and chemical additives.
- Wide range of applications, highly effective protection of residential and industrial buildings.
- Suitable for permanent contact with water, for example, when processing a pool bowl, well walls.
- Increases the compressive strength of concrete.
- The base should not have cracks of more than 0.3 mm.
- Consumption, depending on the type of mixture, is on average 1-1.2 kg per square meter.
A big advantage is the variety of compositions - it is easy to choose a mixture for coating, plastering, seam processing. There are compositions for adding to concrete during mixing, and for treating the prepared surface.
Material Specifications | Indicators | |
| 3/1 | 2/1 | |
Elasticizer consumption, l/kg of dry mixture | 0,33 | 0,5 |
Consumption of the mortar mixture with a layer thickness of 2 mm, kg / m 2 | 3,2 | 3,2 |
Solution pot life, min | 40 | 40 |
Tensile strength, MPa Reinforced with propylene fabric | 1,3 16 | 1,2 16 |
Elongation at break, % | 30 | 50 |
Flexibility temperature on a bar with a diameter of 10 mm, ° С | –25 | –35 |
Increase in water resistance on concrete samples at positive water pressure (on clamp), atm | 12 | 12 |
Adhesion strength, MPa With concrete with metal | 1,5 1,0 | 2,0 1,0 |
Ability to cover cracks, mm The Russian brand, which is very popular due to its low cost and a wide range of tasks.
This composition is recommended to be added to concrete at the mixing stage. When used on finished surface, it must be very well moistened so that the solution penetrates deeper. Due to the properties of the mixture, the resulting impregnation provides a reliable anti-corrosion layer. In case of damage or chipping, the surface remains protected from moisture to the level of penetration of the waterproofing. KT Tron
Another domestic manufacturer with a wide range of compositions.
The material consumption is not less than 1 kg per square meter, the resulting impregnation has a very high strength, is suitable for various climatic zones, and is resistant to ultraviolet radiation. Wide range of manufacturers and products affordable prices makes it possible to choose the material for any task. | ||
