Features of caring for strawberries in the fall: top dressing, pruning, shelter. How to prepare strawberries for winter to increase yields. How to process strawberries in the fall so that they overwinter well and give a lot of large fragrant berries in spring? How to process
After the garden strawberry (strawberry) has fruited, it is necessary to process it. the main task such processing is to prepare the bushes for the new fruiting season. The bush should go into the winter strong, with a good root system and a supply of nutrients.
To do this, you first need to cut off the old leaves, they differ from the new ones in dark color and spotting. We cut off all the mustaches with rosettes of new plants formed on them. The first socket (closest to the mother bush) is best used as planting material.
It is advisable to plant it immediately in a permanent place, because next year the bush will already bear fruit. Not so strong yet, but there will already be a few berries on it.
Naturally, all weeds must be removed from the beds with strawberries, as well as from the row spacing.
Feeding strawberries in autumn
You need to feed both old bushes and newly planted ones.
Natural fertilizers for strawberries: humus, mullein
Strawberries are very fond of organics, but it is best to feed them in spring and summer, but not in autumn. For dressings use natural products type of humus or mullein infusion (1:10). They simply mulch the soil around the bush with humus, and water it with mullein accordingly. Some gardeners lay chicken pellets (from litter) under the bushes.
You can prepare such top dressing: any sealed container is filled with half the volume of any grass (tops, weeds, etc.), then nitrogen fertilizer is added and everything is filled with water to the brim. Then all this wanders and after about 10 days it is ready for use. This " living water» in a diluted form (in a ratio of 1:1). For one strawberry bush, 1 liter of diluted fertilizer is needed. This top dressing works better than any humus, in addition, it neutralizes ground acidity.
Strawberry ash fertilizer
For top dressing, ash from burning branches, grass, as well as any vegetation from the site is suitable. With the help of ash, you can not only feed the bushes, but also scare away some pests.
Wood ash is applied when planting strawberries, one handful under a bush. It replaces superphosphate.
As a dry top dressing, ash can be scattered around the plantation, but not more than 150 grams per square meter. You can also insist it on water and water it as a liquid top dressing. To do this, pour a glass of ash into a bucket and pour 10 liters of warm water, let stand for a day, and then pour 0.5 liters under each bush.
Autumn top dressing of strawberries
This first feeding after harvest is the most important and should not be ignored. Flower buds are being laid for the next season and plants need strength more than ever.
Feeding strawberries in the fall is also a chance for a good wintering and quick recovery spring.
In autumn, potash-phosphorus fertilizers are acceptable both in dry and liquid form. Dry ones dissolve more slowly, which means their action lasts longer.
It will also be good to add compost to the plantings, which will also serve as mulch. When planting in autumn or transplanting bushes, fertilizers are also needed.
In autumn, humus, 3 kg per square meter or a handful per hole, is introduced for planting strawberries, for greater savings. Superphosphate, 10 grams, can also be added to the hole, or replaced with a handful of ash.
After autumn planting, the soil around the bushes can be mulched with compost, straw, peat or sawdust.
Do not forget that nitrogen fertilizers are applied only in spring or early summer, as they act on the development of green mass, applying them in autumn can wake up the plant and it will grow.
Processing strawberries in the fall from pests
In autumn, it is desirable to treat strawberry bushes from the most common pest - a transparent strawberry mite that damages leaves.
Such a solution is effective: 2 tablespoons are poured into 10 liters of warm water (about 30 ° C). liquid soap, 3 tbsp. spoons of overcooked vegetable oil, 2 tbsp. spoons of ash and 2 tbsp. spoons of vinegar. You need to process the leaves and soil around the bush.
How to cover strawberries for the winter
If your winters are severe enough, then it is better to cover the bushes for this time with spruce branches, and then cover them with snow so that they do not freeze.
You can also mulch plantings with dry hay, straw, peat, reeds, etc., which will help strawberries winter in warmth. In the spring, it is necessary to free the strawberry bushes from the mulch so that they do not dry out when the warm days come.
Currently, there is a non-woven covering material such as Agril or Spandbond on sale, which helps strawberry bushes survive even severe frosts.
Care for strawberries after harvest, video
Capricious and whimsical strawberries are prone to various fungal diseases and are often affected by harmful insects. Timely and well-conducted autumn preventive actions will avoid unpleasant problems in the next season.
Insect repellents
For preventive spraying of strawberries in the fall from insect pests, the following preparations are used:
- Chemical:
- Karbofos (30 g per 10 l) - from strawberry and spider mite;
Many gardeners still prefer the time-tested karbofos
- Alatar (5 ml per 4 l) - against raspberry-strawberry weevil;
Alatar can be used to destroy whites and leafworms, ticks and weevils, aphids and the Colorado potato beetle
- Actellik (20 ml per 2 liters of water) - from ticks;
Actellik is an insecticide that helps get rid of pests such as codling moth, tick, aphid, sawfly, moth, thrips, false shield, whitefly, scale insect
- Fufanon-Nova (6.5 ml per 5.5 l) - from whitefly, thrips, weevil, scale insects, sawfly, etc .;
Insecticide Fufanon-nova - contact-intestinal drug for pest control of fruit, berry, vegetable and ornamental crops
- Agrovertin (1 tablet per 10 l), Inta-Vir (1 mg per 1 l) - against strawberry mites, whiteflies, weevil, etc.;
The use of Inta-Vir makes it possible to quickly and effectively destroy almost any pest
- Aktara (4 g per 1 liter, further diluted according to the instructions) - against more than 200 different insects.
The insecticidal drug Aktara is popular among plant growers due to its speed, strength of action and a wide range of elimination objects.
- Karbofos (30 g per 10 l) - from strawberry and spider mite;
- Biological:
- Folk:
- decoction of tomato tops (from spider mites) - 1 kg of tops per 10 l hot water, hold for 5–6 hours, then boil for 2 hours;
To prepare a decoction, you can use the leaves and stepchildren
- garlic infusion (from aphids) - 0.2–0.3 kg of chopped garlic is poured with a bucket of water, insisted for a week;
The smell of garlic repels aphids
- dandelion infusion (against strawberry mite) - 800 g per 10 liters of boiling water, insist 4-5 hours.
Dandelion infusion inhibits the vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms, in particular, a fungus that causes gray rot, and repels many pests, including aphids, ants, suckers and various mites
- decoction of tomato tops (from spider mites) - 1 kg of tops per 10 l hot water, hold for 5–6 hours, then boil for 2 hours;
Bioinsecticides are most effective at air temperatures not lower than +16…+18 °C. These drugs have a directed effect on insects, therefore they are considered practically safe for humans and pets.
Video: fighting strawberry mite after pruning strawberries
Remedies for diseases
For preventive autumn spraying against diseases use means:
- Chemical:
- Bordeaux liquid: 1% - from spotting, 2–4% - from gray rot;
Bordeaux liquid is one of the most powerful remedies in the fight against fungal or bacterial diseases.
- Topaz (ampoule on a bucket) - from fruit rot, rust, etc .;
The drug Topaz instantly affects the spores of the fungus and prevents it from developing further.
- Fundazol (5g per 5 l) - from gray rot and powdery mildew;
Fundazol - fungicide (antifungal agent) of a wide spectrum of action for plant protection
- copper oxychloride (1 tablespoon per 10 liters) - from rot and spotting.
Against rot and spotting, strawberry beds are sprayed with copper oxychloride
- Bordeaux liquid: 1% - from spotting, 2–4% - from gray rot;
- Biological:
- Folk:
Solution blue vitriol(30 g per 10 liters of water) protects strawberry bushes from attack by pests and fungal pathologies. Ordinary iodine (5 drops per bucket) will repel weevils and mites, as well as prevent the appearance of gray rot.
At the end growing season it is necessary to process strawberries from pests and diseases
My neighbor shared with me universal recipe for processing garden strawberries, which is effective both against pests and against most diseases. The working emulsion is prepared from:
- wood ash - 2 tbsp. l.;
- boiled vegetable oil - 3 tbsp. l.;
- table vinegar - 2 tbsp. l.;
- liquid soap - 2 tbsp. l.; warm water- 10 l.
Video: hot shower for strawberries
Video: autumn processing of strawberry beds from pests and diseases
It is necessary to process strawberry plantations from pests and diseases not only in spring. According to most gardeners, autumn preventive measures have a much greater effect compared to spring treatments and can significantly reduce the damage from damage by fungal pathologies, as well as from attacks of harmful insects during the next growing season.
We are all looking forward to summer so that we can enjoy two delicious berries- strawberries and strawberries. Only in order to get a rich harvest from these plants, you need to pay attention to them and properly care for them.
In autumn, strawberries and strawberries need care and attention. Care is to prepare the plants for hibernation, to enable them to safely survive the cold and frost. Correct autumn care will help you have a good harvest next year.
The main care for strawberries and strawberries is weeding, loosening the ground near the bushes, as well as proper feeding.
If everything is clear with the first two actions, then the situation with top dressing is more complicated. It is important to know some of the nuances that will protect the bushes from damage.
Feeding strawberries and strawberries
feed berry bushes possible in spring and autumn. But best time for this - the period after fruiting.
How to feed berry bushes?
Berry bushes need to be fed with both organic and mineral fertilizers. Many summer residents have a negative attitude towards mineral fertilizers, citing the fact that this is a “chemistry” that is deposited in fruits. With a reasonable approach and the correct dosage, nothing bad will happen - all substances will be used by the plant for growth. The main thing is not to overdo it. Both those and other fertilizers are necessary for the plant to the same extent.
1. From organic fertilizers, bushes can be fed with infusion of chicken manure, mullein or slurry. Do not use pig droppings for feeding. It is important to ensure that the solution does not get on the leaves or stem of the plants - in this case, the bushes may “burn out”.
2. Wood ash can be considered an alternative to mineral fertilizers in powders. It is an analogue of superphosphate and potassium salt. It is usually brought into the ground, but sometimes sprinkled on top to repel pests. If wood ash no, you can use the aforementioned fertilizers - superphosphate and potassium salt.
If fertilizing is carried out correctly, then next spring the plants can not be fed. However, with poor development of the bushes, top dressing should be repeated in early spring.
In autumn, it is important to prepare strawberry and strawberry bushes for wintering. A great danger for them is frost on the "bare" ground, that is, without snow. It doesn't happen often, but it does happen sometimes. To avoid this situation, it is necessary to cover the bushes.
Shelter options for strawberries and strawberries
1. The ideal material for shelter is straw. It performs three functions - insulates, retains snow and serves organic fertilizer. It is necessary to put the straw in a dense layer between the rows of bushes.
2. If there is no straw, then a mixture of peat and compost will do. Before making it, each berry bush needs to be lightly spudded. After that, you can safely pour the mixture under the bushes.
3. Another alternative to straw, which is available to any summer resident, is fallen leaves. Suitable for shelter and corn stalks, spruce branches, you can use shelters that are sold in specialized stores - lutrasil, spunbond.
Before you leave the strawberry bushes for the winter, you need to spud them, because the rhizomes (adventitious roots) can go outside and become bare. In this case, they will freeze, which means that fruiting will decrease. At the same time, it is important not to cover the growing point with earth or fertilizers - the place from which the leaves depart.
Such preparation of strawberries and strawberries will help plants survive the winter safely and give good harvest next year. And in order for the harvest to be even richer, sweeter and better, fertilizer should be applied immediately after fruiting. Until autumn, the bushes will grow, acquire new leaves, which means that the amount of the crop will increase.
In the article, we will consider what is the processing of strawberries in the fall from pests and diseases; there will also be interesting videos that will better reveal the topic.
Like all garden plants strawberries have many pests and diseases. In the fight against them Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to the prevention of negative factors and preventive measures.
If at the height of the season a disease or pest has massively affected the plant, it may be too late.
Moreover, even supporters folk ways recognize that it is best to conquer disease garden strawberry with help modern drugs. And it is advisable to use them at a time when the plant does not bear fruit - and in the fall.
Autumn processing of strawberries from pests and diseases should be carried out regularly in order to obtain stable and good results.
Tick control
This pest inflicts on the leaves of the plant. The affected bush reduces productivity and may die. To combat the mite, processing of strawberries after harvesting from diseases is necessary. Experienced gardeners it is advised to dissolve 2 tablespoons of ash, vinegar, vegetable oil and 2 cups of liquid soap in a bucket of water. Mix well and spray both the plants themselves and the soil around them.
Titovit Jet, Aktellik, Kleshchevit have proven themselves well in the fight against ticks.
powdery mildew
A fungal disease that affects both the leaves and fruits of strawberries. Affected leaves become covered with spots with a white coating, change their shape and fall off. The fruits rot over time and also fall off.
For prevention with powdery mildew you can spray the leaves of plants with a solution of potassium permanganate in the proportion of 2 grams of potassium permanganate per 10 liters of water.
Some summer residents in the fight against this disease use a solution of colloidal sulfur (100 grams per bucket of water).
Strawberry disease brown spot control methods
With this strawberry disease, the leaves dry from the edges, covered with dark red (brown) spots.
In this case, the processing of strawberries from diseases in the fall consists in spraying with copper oxychloride. The concentration should be as follows: for 10 liters of water - 35 grams of copper oxychloride.
Spraying is carried out both in autumn, after harvesting, and in spring, as well as during summer season if there are signs of illness.
In addition to spraying, it is possible in the fall, after harvesting, to mow the bushes affected by spotting, and take them out of the garden. garden plot. Subsequently, new, healthy leaves will grow.
strawberry weevil
This pest feeds not only on strawberries, but also harms blackberries and raspberries. Damages young buds and leaves.
In the fight against this disease, digging the soil between the rows has proven itself well. In old books, it is advised to spray the plants with karbofos after harvesting. But we advise you to look in local garden stores for safer and effective drugs. Every year, the leading enterprises of the industry offer all the best drugs. AND good seller advise how to process strawberries in the fall from diseases. Outdated information is often presented in books and materials on the Internet, and drugs have not been used in medicine for a long time. agriculture due to their inefficiency and harmfulness to both humans and animals.
Gray rot
Affected fruits get light spots that darken over time, and grow on the surface and in depth.
In addition to the struggle in spring and summer, in the fall it is possible to carry out preventive spraying of the bushes with a solution of Bordeaux mixture.
Slugs
Snails are not averse to eating strawberries. The fight against them must be carried out throughout the entire growing season. And in the fall, in old books, it is advised to decompose Metaldehyde in granules between the beds, in an amount of up to 5 grams per 1 m2. We do not recommend using these chemicals, and during the season, destroy the slugs by setting baits, or showering the area with ashes or salt. Also, mulching for snails is not very pleasant, because it is difficult for them to move on such a surface with delicate bodies.
Slugs, like most diseases and pests, develop where the site is unkempt, there are many weeds, and an unsuccessfully chosen landing site.
Weevil
This pest feeds on strawberry buds and is a shiny black beetle with a body length of up to 3 mm.
For preventive purposes, the entire area is sprayed with Zolon and Aktellik preparations.
Conclusion. We have described how it is done, but listen to some more tips. In particular, in the fall, you need to think about crop rotation and the allocation of land for planting strawberries for the next season. The land needs to be weeded and weeded, fertilized to plant new strawberry bushes. By the way, many summer residents transplant strawberries in early autumn. After all, the plant has a chance to take root well and endure the winter cold.
If you do not plan to transfer strawberries to another site next season, carefully inspect the old one in order to remove damaged leaves and fruits from the garden and burn them; because they remain a breeding ground for diseases.
P.S. An interesting video about caring for strawberries in the fall:
Most of the country houses autumn work take care of preparing for the winter of fruit and berry crops. And this is understandable: they need to overwinter with the least losses, to preserve the already planted flower buds in order to please us with the divine taste of their berries in the summer. The queen of berry crops is undoubtedly the strawberry. Therefore, let's talk today about how to process strawberries in the fall.
What you need to know about strawberries
This garden berry- moisture-loving culture, prefers fertile, well-drained sandy or loamy soils in areas without a close approach ground water. But even a strawberry planted taking into account all the requirements depletes its resources with the end of summer and is waiting for our help. Therefore, the first priority for resolving the issue of how to process strawberries in the fall is its pruning and top dressing.
What is strawberry pruning for?
The main purpose of this procedure is to strengthen the plant, suppress the spread of pests and diseases that are deployed on old leaves and dried flower stalks. This foliage is strikingly different in coarser structure, dark green color and bright blotches from the blotch lesion. By removing it, gardeners are healing the bush.
In addition, at the end of the collection of berries, the plant is very depleted and must rest. With pruning, a dormant period begins, during which the strawberry bush is gaining strength for a successful wintering and the next harvest.
There are different opinions of gardeners on how to process strawberries in the fall and prune them correctly. Some of them immediately after fruiting cut off all the foliage from the bush, others - carefully choosing only old leaves, cut them out. The main rule for full pruning is not to injure the outlet where future flower stalks are laid, so the pruning height should be at least 10-12 cm, and it should be done immediately after fruiting, without waiting for new foliage to grow.
In addition to old peduncles and foliage, all mustaches are cut off with rosettes of new bushes formed on them. If you need planting material, then the sockets closest to the mother bush are the most good option. You can plant them immediately in a prepared place. Having cut out all the old peduncles and leaves, proceed to the next stage of processing.
Favorite berries - the best fertilizers
Before you fertilize the strawberries, in the fall you should treat with agents against diseases and pests, carefully loosen the soil around the bush and select the weeds. Strawberries love organic top dressing - humus or mullein infusion. They cover the bush with humus, liquid solution applied under the plant. You can use granular fertilizer from chicken manure or other types organic dressings strictly adhering to the instructions attached to the drug. Knowledgeable gardeners often use fermented herbal infusions from the green parts of any tops with the addition of nitrogen fertilizers, motivating their use not only by the quality of top dressing, but also by neutralizing excess soil acidity. Such infusions for irrigation are diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1. 1 liter of solution is enough for one bush. If there are no organic top dressings, it is quite suitable and mineral fertilizers, of which there are a fairly large number on sale today, and you do not have to puzzle over how to feed strawberries in the fall. Many gardeners love complex top dressing Agricola.
Transplanting strawberries in the fall
If the bushes already require transplantation, then after harvesting it is more expedient not to process old plants, but to plant new rosettes formed on the mustache. Let's figure out how to plant strawberries in the fall. It should be remembered that it is better to organize a strawberry plantation in the beds where carrots, radishes, and beets used to grow. You should not plant berry rosettes in places where potatoes, eggplants, cucumbers, cabbage are grown.
You need to renew strawberry plantings every 3-5 years, and prepare your own planting material in advance: determine the bushes in which you should leave the mustache, wait for the first outlet and dig it in for the roots to grow, cutting off the continuation of the sprout. The planted berry bushes will not immediately begin to bear fruit, so it is advisable to replant the beds one at a time, and not all at the same time, in order to receive a stable harvest every year. It is better to plant 3-4 beds of strawberries, and transplanting once a year will not be burdensome and will not affect the number of collected berries.
How to plant strawberries in the fall?
For planting accustomed strawberry rosettes, prepare the soil: dig up the ground, add a liquid solution of infused manure or humus. For 1 m 2, 10 kg of any organic matter, 60 g of superphosphate and 30 potassium sulfate are added. Would like to note
fertilizer "Giant", which should be used by mixing with the ground and adding to the hole. The question of how to feed strawberries in the fall has been settled. Now you should make small holes with an interval of 30-40 cm between them. It is important to shed the holes warm water and plant 2 bushes in each. This technique is used by many gardeners, it gives more chances for better rooting.
When planting, it is impossible to deepen the plant too much, covering the flower outlet with earth, but it should not protrude high above the level of the soil layer either, it can freeze in winter. You should control the process and mark the point of growth - the place where the leaves depart. It should be level with the ground, no higher or lower. After planting strawberry plants, you can mulch the beds and cover them with any covering material, since the period autumn plantings always fraught with the risk of frost.
Terms and features of landing technology
When wondering how to process strawberries in the fall, you need to remember the timing of planting. In the middle latitudes they are quite limited and all efforts must be completed before September 15th. In order for strawberries to take root better, the planting day should not be sunny, but calm, overcast. There are two ways to arrange seedlings in the garden: two-line or three-line planting. The difference in methods depends only on the width of the beds. With a width of 80 cm, the two-line planting scheme is as follows: the interval between plants is 30 cm, between the lines is 40 cm. With a three-line planting, the bed width is 120 cm, and the plants are planted in three rows, maintaining the same intervals. Finally, one more piece of advice: before planting strawberries and fertilizing, the soil should be treated with Fitosporin or peat-humic preparations.
That's all the advice on how to care for strawberries in the fall and ensure a future harvest of magnificent berries.
