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Scheme of fungicidal treatments of fruit trees in spring. Protection of the garden from pests in spring. Safe Biologicals

1. Processing the garden from pests and diseases must begin in early spring.
2. Which folk remedies can be used to kill harmful insects?
3. What chemicals better to use?
4. How to protect the garden from diseases?

You will find answers to all these and many other questions in this article.

In the spring, before the flowering of gardens, pests of fruit trees begin to “work” more actively and berry bushes. On apple and pear trees, these are aphids, psyllids, sawflies, leaf-eating caterpillars, and mites. On plum and cherry - plum sawfly, cherry weevil, mites, leaf-eating, shoot moth, flower beetles and other pests.

Folk remedies for pest control

Those who often go to the country in the spring can use a simple but effective method in cloudy weather to control many pests - three times, with an interval of 3-4 days, shaking off pests on the litter if the air temperature is above 10 degrees.

From pests that live in the soil (sawflies, moths, glass cases, beetle larvae), it is recommended to cover the soil under trees and shrubs with roofing felt, film, and riboid. The edges must be sprinkled with earth. Pests will not be able to get out from under the shelters and will die. Shelters are removed at the beginning of flowering, because at this time beneficial insects come out of the soil.

Garden treatment with chemicals

Of the chemical insecticides, alatar, fufanon, kemifos, spark - 10 ml per 10 liters of water, kinmiks (2.5 ml), actellik (15 ml) are allowed. You can apply any of them.

Recently, pear sucker has spread in the gardens. It begins to harm by the beginning of flowering and continues all summer, because it gives 4 generations.

To combat it in the budding phase, Fufanon is used - 2 treatments with an interval of 20 days. Add 40 g of laundry soap to the solution.

How to deal with garden diseases

In the spring, the first signs of fungal diseases appear (, powdery mildew, fruit rot, leaf spot, coccomycosis, clusterosporiosis).

If at the beginning of April you did not carry out a "blue spray" of 3 percent Bordeaux mixture, now you can treat disease-resistant varieties with a 1% Bordeaux mixture or abigapic or rayek (1.5-2 ml per 10 liters of water), or strobe (2 g).

A good tool for the prevention of diseases and strengthening the immunity of plants is the drug healthy garden or its substitute - zircon + epin-extra.

Many gardeners use phytosporin in the spring to spray young leaves under trees and shrubs. A plate of phytosporin (200 g) is diluted in 400 ml of water and placed in a cool place.

To prepare a working solution, take 1 tbsp. spoon per 10 liters of water, you can add potassium humate (15 ml). The working solution is used immediately.

To prevent moniliosis and coccomycosis in spring, during the period of leaf unfolding, trees can be treated with a mixture of zircon (4 drops) and ferovit (2 drops per 1 liter of water). Re-treatment - after 15 days.

Cherries and cherries affected last year by coccomycosis or clusterosporiosis must be treated with copper-containing preparations: 1% Bordeaux liquid or abiga-peak. If this is not done, after 2-3 seasons the trees may die completely.

1. The first treatment - before the flowering of stone fruits
2. Second treatment - immediately after flowering
3. The third - 2-3 weeks after flowering.

After flowering, copper-containing preparations can be replaced with colloidal sulfur (100 g per 10 l of water) mixed with iron sulfate.

Useful for stone fruit trees in spring root dressing, consisting of 2 tbsp. spoons of urea, 1 tbsp. spoons of potassium sulfate and liter jar wood ash for 10 liters of water. Bring it along the perimeter of the crown.

How to spray berry bushes

For the treatment of berry bushes before flowering, actellik is used (15 ml per 10 liters of water). Raspberries from anthracnose, purple spotting are sprayed with 1% Bordeaux liquid or abiga-peak.

Actinidia, Chinese magnolia vine, honeysuckle before flowering and immediately after it are treated with abiga-peak or 1% Bordeaux mixture.

Throughout growing season cut and burn ugly, underdeveloped, drying out shoots of currants, gooseberries, populated with currant glass.

From raspberries, cut out withering stems, with thickenings, damaged by raspberry gall midge, stem raspberry fly and sick with anthracnose and purple spotting.

How to treat strawberries

Before flowering, treat diseases and pests with 1% Bordeaux liquid at the beginning of leaf growth, and during the formation of buds - Actellik or Fufanon.

• Two weeks before flowering, apply full mineral fertilizer. To protect strawberries from contamination and decay, lay straw (but not cutting) or spunbond along the rows.
• From leaf spots and gray rot on fruit-bearing strawberries to flowering, you can spray with a copper-soap emulsion (200 g of soap + 20 g of copper sulfate per 10 liters of water).
• Feed with nitrogen fertilizers beardless strawberries(1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water) - in the aisle.
• Good results are obtained by spraying strawberries with Novosil biostimulant (3 ml per 10 liters of water).
• To get early strawberries, place arched (on arcs) film shelters above it.

Rake and burn old, last year's leaves. After that, pour the strawberry bushes with a solution of bright pink potassium permanganate, but without adding boric acid, strawberries do not tolerate boron and copper.

Count on high yield can only be done if the garden is properly maintained. Therefore, the owners who are aware of this, annually carry out the processing of the garden. The success of this event depends on the quality of its implementation in the spring. After all, it is at this moment that it is decided whether the plantings will be well protected from pests and diseases.

When spring warmth begins to be felt in the air, many people have a desire to be closer to nature. At these moments, the soul wants to enjoy the variety of colors that various plantings in summer cottages give us. And in order to bring this moment closer, gardeners are trying to more carefully prepare the garden before fruiting.

To determine the scope of upcoming work, the first step is to inspect the garden. According to its results, it will be clear what will have to be done. After a long and cold winter there are bound to be many broken branches that need to be removed. However, the spring processing of the garden is not limited to this alone, because it also includes a lot of other important activities that are designed to protect plantings from pests and diseases.

Every spring, summer residents have to deal with many different pests and diseases, which, if not controlled, instantly flood green spaces.

To reduce the harm that aggressors can bring, many summer residents use chemical and organic methods to deal with them. However, the end result largely determines the experience of the gardener. The effectiveness of all planned activities can only be improved if they are carried out at the right time.

Until the snow melts, it is necessary to make a round of the garden and remove the remnants of last year's vegetation - the source of infections. You also need to prune dry, broken and frozen branches in winter. By the way, early spring is also favorable for the formation of tree crowns. Places of cut branches must be painted over with paint or treated with garden pitch.

In mid-March, as soon as the last cold weather passes, and there are no buds on the trees yet, you need to start processing fruit trees from pests and diseases.

It is better to process the garden before 10 am, or after sunset. This choice is not accidental, since it is during these hours that the activity of the sun is minimal, and therefore the risk of leaf burns is extremely low.

As part of spring processing garden can be divided into the following main stages:

One of the traditional activities for the processing of the garden is the whitewashing of tree trunks. However, to carry it out better in autumn before the onset of cold weather. As a result of this operation, the trees can be protected from damage by rodents, so the remaining whole bark will not crack as a result of frosty wind. In the spring, it will only be necessary to examine it in order to understand whether it has endured the wintering well, and to correct it if the need arises.

First garden treatment is carried out in the first mid-March, while the buds have not yet begun to bloom. After waiting for the snow to melt, you can prepare the plantings for processing. To do this, tidy up the territory suburban area, remove heaters from protected boles, as well as branches that have not survived the winter. After that, spring processing is carried out, designed to protect trees and shrubs from insects.

On initial stage it is necessary to inspect the tree trunks and remove the detected fungi from the surface. After that, apply on the bark mortar. The process of its preparation will look like this: 1 Take 2 kg of lime and mix it with 10 liters of water 2 Introduce 1 kg of clay and 330-350 g of copper sulfate into this mixture 3 Mix all components well until smooth 4. The solution is ready, it can be worn on trunks and bases of branches.

As a result of such treatment, insect eggs and larvae will be removed, which can often be found on the bark and cracks of the bole.

Today, gardeners have access to more modern and effective drugs. Although they cost a little more, they can be used to process trees much faster and with less labor, preventing insects from causing great harm to plantings. Many of them contain fungicides that increase planting resistance to many diseases. The following tools have similar properties:

• Acrylic whitewash
• Acrylic paints
• Lime pastes containing copper sulphate

Not only copper sulfate, but also diesel fuel can help protect trees and shrubs from pests. After processing the landings, a protective oily film will appear on them, which can protect against annoying insects trees and shrubs. If insects try to lay larvae and eggs on trunks and branches, they will die under a ball of diesel fuel. At the same time, all open flower stalks and blossoming leaves will remain intact and unharmed.

Then comes the next stage - the processing of fruit trees until the buds awaken. The main goal of these measures is to prevent insects that hatch from larvae, as well as pathogens of various diseases, from infecting trees and shrubs. Diseases such as scab, black cancer, coccomycosis, etc., can cause the greatest harm to fruit trees.

Regardless of whether you are going to use copper sulfate or another modern drug, it is recommended that you read the instructions for use before using it. The fact is that in stores there are drugs that were originally designed to process only certain types of fruit trees.

In order for such a treatment to meet your expectations, you can carry it out with a solution of insecticides and contact fungicides. The effectiveness of this event will increase many times over, as this will help not only rid the plantings of pests and diseases, but also prevent their occurrence in the future.

If you want to minimize harm, which will help get your plantings as a result chemical processing, you can use a safer mixture based on herbs, tobacco and orange peel. The process of its preparation is as follows:

1. A 3 liter jar is taken and filled with 200 g of crushed tobacco.
2. There you also need to put a handful of garlic husks and the same amount of onions, needles and orange peels.
3. Pour water heated to about 70°C into this mixture.
4. Seal the jar tightly, find a warm place for it and leave it there for a week.
5. Ready tincture must be diluted warm water in the amount of 10 liters.
6. Mix the composition well and add to it, in small parts, 100 g of crushed tar soap.
7. The product is ready and can be used to treat the garden. If necessary, the procedure can be repeated after 10-12 days. However, this can only be done before flowering.

It is possible to carry out the processing of shrub trees until the buds begin to bloom. This will help not only prevent them from being harmed by codling moth caterpillars, but also reduce the risk of scab and spotting. To prepare the solution, you can use "Carbofox". To do this, take 70 g of the drug and dilute in 10 liters of water room temperature. However, if the trees and shrubs have already begun to bloom, then it is impossible to engage in such processing.

Re-treatment of fruit trees can be carried out at the end of the flowering period. It is necessary to reduce the likelihood of infection of trees and shrubs in the next season, as well as to increase the resistance of plantings to diseases.

Usually inflorescences bloom at the moment when ticks appear that have successfully endured the winter. Colloidal sulfur can help to cope with them: to prepare a solution, you need to take 80 grams of 70% of the drug and dilute it in 10 liters of soapy water. It is very important that this treatment is carried out in a timely manner, otherwise all your crops will suffer as a result of the invasion of mites.

When conducting final stage spring processing, the main task that must be solved is to ensure the protection of the fruits of the new crop from putrefactive diseases and pests that have managed to survive.

Initially, it is recommended to inspect the plantings to determine if there are visible enemies on the trees and shrubs. After all, if you use chemicals that have a strong effect, then in addition to the destruction of insects, you can cause significant harm to the ovaries.

As a preparation for spraying fruit trees, the choice can be stopped on copper oxychloride, Bordeaux liquid, urea. It is also allowed to use combined preparations that have a universal scope.

Processing is required when optimal humidity air. Otherwise, there is a possibility that after spraying the leaves will receive serious burns.

Spring processing of the garden does not imply strict rules for its implementation. However, there important nuances, considering which it is possible to carry out this work most effectively.

The order of spraying trees. If you want to completely destroy pests and diseases, then you should treat every part of the trees and bushes with a working solution, for example, copper sulfate. Usually this work begins with the crown, then they move on to the branches, and finally they process the trunk and soil in the root zone.

Time and conditions of work. The best time to do spring gardening is early in the morning. It is advisable to choose a dry, calm day for this work, during which precipitation is not expected. In this case, after treatment, the solution can be immediately absorbed and act quickly. As a result, you will be sure that the leaves and inflorescences will not be affected.

Calculation of the amount of solution. The results of the spring processing of the garden may be different. If it is important for you not only to destroy pests and diseases, but also not to harm trees and shrubs, then you need to correctly determine the consumption rate of the drug. You can find out if you look at the instructions for a specific tool. Knowing this, it will be easy for you to understand exactly how much certain chemicals will be needed. The processing of one young tree takes about 1.5 liters of solution, for an adult tree - 5.5 liters.

For spraying bushes, a different amount of solution may be required - from 0.6 to 1.5 liters. It is possible to say more precisely how much liquid is needed, knowing the dimensions of the crown.

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In order to prevent the trees from infecting diseases and pests, gardeners spray the plants with various preparations. In this article, you will learn how to spray, when and by what means.

Despite the fact that breeders are constantly creating plants resistant to all kinds of diseases, tree care cannot be canceled. Anyway - even super resistant varieties to harmful pathogens, as a result, they are affected by various infections and voracious pests. To your garden trees gave good harvest, it is necessary to process them in a timely manner starting from the spring season.

When to do the first spraying of fruit trees in the garden in the spring?

If you do not process on time orchard by special means, then in best case- you will collect a minimum of fruits, and in the worst case, you will be left without a harvest at all. There is a calendar according to which gardeners recommend spraying trees and bushes.

Already in early spring, when the snow has melted, the first spraying should be done. It is desirable that there is no longer frost on the street, and the air temperature reaches + 5ºС. Usually, this period falls in mid-March. The process is carried out in the following sequence:

• Trim garden trees
• Clean the stem of the plant with a brush
• Prepare treatment solution
• Use it completely immediately, otherwise it will lose its properties
• When you spray the branches and trunk, then give Special attention cracks in the bark
• In hard-to-reach places, harmful microorganisms may remain, carefully process the branches

IMPORTANT: When processing plants, use protective equipment, as spray solutions contain chemicals that are harmful to human health.

Terms and schedule of spraying fruit trees in the spring from diseases, pests

Fruit trees are divided into two types:

• stone fruits- these include: cherry, blackthorn, cherry plum, peach, apricot, dogwood, sweet cherry, plum, etc.
• pome fruits- these include: irga, pear, quince, apple tree, etc.

In order to reap a good harvest in the summer and autumn, it is necessary to work on the cultivation of the garden in the spring before the buds open, before the flowering begins, after the flowering of the plants itself. They are carried out as follows:

1. At the end of March - beginning of April they use iron, blue vitriol, urea, Bordeaux liquid, diesel fuel to fight, destroy insect pests that overwintered on plants, they also get rid of fungal infections with these means.
2. Applying urea for spraying trees before they bloom ( in the middle of April), you will destroy the emerging pest larvae. From moniliosis, scab (on apple trees), powdery mildew fit: Horus, colloidal sulfur.
3. During, after flowering in May work is underway to combat putrefactive diseases, and fixing procedures are being carried out to develop immunity. For this purpose, combined agents are used, which include insecticides, fungicides.

How to spray fruit trees in early spring before and after bud break?

• Clean out the garden before beginning spraying work in early spring. Remove dead bark from trees and trim dry branches. Carry out the treatment of trunks with lime.
• Treat the plants before the buds begin to swell hot water - you can spray on tree branches from a watering can or bucket.

• blue vitriol effectively copes with a wide range of plant infections: cytosporosis, clasterosporiasis, coccomycosis, spotting, scab. It is used for early processing garden crops.
• Karbofos- means against larvae.
• carbamide- the drug easily copes with fungal infections fruit trees.

Spraying fruit trees in spring after flowering

As mentioned above, in order to prevent pests and putrefactive infections from infecting the fruits, plants should be sprayed after flowering. For this use:

• colloidal sulfur
• Neoron
• Copper oxychloride
• Thiovit-Jet

IMPORTANT: When preparing a spray solution, always follow the instructions - follow the proportions. If you prepare a highly concentrated mixture, you can harm the plants, and if you prepare a weak one, then the pests will not die.

Spring spray preparations for fruit trees: apples, pears, plums

So that your garden is well-groomed - do not be lazy and start processing plants in the spring, as soon as the snow melts. Do not forget to spray in April, May. To do this, stock up on the following chemicals:

• Copper-based products- Bordeaux liquid, Copper sulfate. They are effective in the fight against fungal diseases.
• DDT(powder) - copes well with mites, weevils, pests that feed on leaves.
• Anabasin. This tool destroys beetles, suckers, caterpillars.
• Carbamide. Not only does it fertilize the soil, it also defeats fungal infections and destroys insect pests.

Spraying fruit trees in the spring with vitriol: breeding

The processing of the orchard with iron sulphate is carried out in March.

Recipe:

Components:

• inkstone- 300 g
• Warm water - 10 l

Cooking:

1. Pour vitriol into an enameled container with water
2. Stir the mixture with a wooden stick
3. Pour the solution into the sprayer

IMPORTANT: Do not spray branches with iron sulphate when on garden plants leaves have already appeared.

Spraying fruit trees in spring with copper sulphate: breeding

This inorganic compound is used to get rid of pests, fungal infections. A 1% solution of copper sulphate will be effective for the processing process.

Recipe:

Components:

• Copper sulfate powder - 100 g
• Water - 10 l

Cooking:

1. Dilute the solution in a plastic or enamel bowl
2. Pour it into the sprayer and use immediately

Copper vitriol. Application for plant treatment

Carbamide for spraying trees in early spring: how to breed?

Urea is suitable for effective fight with scab on fruit trees, it prevents the development of fungal diseases: moniliosis, coccomycosis, etc. Carbamide also serves as an excellent top dressing for plants, promotes their growth.

Recipe:

Components:

• Water - 10 l
• Carbamide - 100 g

Cooking:

1. Pour water into a plastic bucket
2. Pour urea in there
3. Stir the solution, urea dissolves very quickly
4. Pour the mixture into the sprayer, treat the garden

Video: Spraying cherries, apple trees, plums in spring

If the snow has just melted near the trees, average daily temperature has approached the mark of +5 degrees, but the kidneys have not yet had time to wake up - it is necessary to fight diseases and feed the trees. For processing, it is better to choose a calm day without precipitation.

Sanitary pruning of trees

As soon as the snow melts and the night frosts pass, proceed to sanitary pruning garden, remove all frozen, dried and damaged branches, remove mummified fruits and cobweb nests of wintering caterpillars from trees and bushes. At the same time, crown formation is carried out. rodents. Wounds are cleaned, leveled with a knife to living tissue.

At the end of the pruning, the garden is treated: wounds and lesions on the bark of trees are carefully cleaned, washed abundantly with a solution of copper sulfate (300 g of the drug per 10 liters of water), and after disinfection they are treated with garden pitch.

Such meticulous care open areas tree will prevent black cancer, anthracnose, cytosporosis and moniliosis.

spring whitewash

After pruning, the tree trunks and the bases of the mother branches are cleaned (using a non-rigid brush and scraper) from dead bark fragments, moss, lichens and other growths. After cleaning, they begin to update the autumn whitewash: this procedure is focused on the extermination of pests wintering in the bark and protecting the garden from temperature fluctuations and sunburn. For the procedure, paint (water-based or acrylic) or whitewash made from slaked lime, blue vitriol and clay is used.

Trunk circle processing

early spring garden spraying

For the first treatment of fruit trees, Bordeaux liquid, urea, iron and copper sulphate, as well as Oleocuprite, Nitrafen and Product No. 30 are used. , sawflies, weevils, ticks and others) and pathogens of fungal and putrefactive diseases (scab, spotting, moniliosis, cytosporosis and black bacterial cancer).

Spraying trees in spring with urea (urea) also has several functions. Firstly, the substance effectively fights most diseases (scab, moniliosis, coccomycosis, putrefactive diseases). Secondly, the tool actively destroys eggs and pupae of pests. Thirdly, it saturates plants with nitrogen (activating vegetative processes). In addition, spraying with carbamide postpones the flowering time by 10 days, saving the garden from late spring frosts.

It is important to know! The first spring spraying of the garden is carried out exclusively on "sleeping buds" (until they bloom) at an air temperature of 5-6 ° C. A clear, calm day is chosen for processing, trees and bushes are irrigated in the morning or evening.

Spring processing of the garden before bud break

The second stage in the struggle for the garden is the processing of trees and bushes before the buds awaken in order to protect them from hatched insect larvae and various diseases (scab, black cancer, coccomycosis, moniliosis, anthracnose, etc.). To do this, it is necessary to treat the plantations with special chemicals - insecticides, which are intended for these purposes. The most common are: Aktara, Calypso, Avant, Lannat, Bi-58.

Garden processing in spring before flowering

Before the blooming process begins, the buds are treated to protect them from the invasion of the codling moth caterpillars, as well as from the development of scab and spotting. Copper-containing preparations medex (100 g), medex-M (100 g), as well as fast, strobe, strike (1.5-2 ml), chorus (3 g), abiga-peak (40-50 g) are used. Insecticides novaktion (13 ml), sumition (16 ml), fastak (1.5-2 ml), fufanon (10 ml) and decoctions or infusions of plants are treated against aphids, suckers, mites.

Spring processing of the garden during the appearance of fruit ovaries

The fourth stage of spring processing is carried out to protect future fruits from putrefactive diseases and remaining pests. Spraying with one of the preparations - a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid, abiga-peak (40-50 g), medex, medex-M, azophos, chorus, topsin-M, tercel - against clasterosporiasis, moniliosis and leaf spot. Against leaf-eating caterpillars, sawflies, aphids and mites - Fufanon, Novaktion, Insegar, Aktara, etc. insecticides. But at the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the air humidity does not exceed allowable rate, otherwise the leaves may suffer from burns.

Fruit tree nutrition

Spring top dressing is carried out 2-3 weeks before the flowering of fruit trees or immediately after the petals fall. Urea, ammonium nitrate, mullein solution, bird droppings are used.

In addition to root dressing for fruit trees, you can carry out fast-acting foliar top dressing. For this, urea is used: for an apple tree - a 0.3% solution, for stone fruits - 0.5-0.6%, for a pear - 0.1-02%.

Table processing fruit trees in April

Attention! During the flowering period in spring, it is impossible to treat trees from pests with chemicals!

Table processing fruit trees in May

Spraying fruit trees in the spring from pests (work schedule):

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