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Canadian spruce height. Blue Canadian spruce: planting and caring for it. How to care for a Canadian spruce

Among the 50 species of all coniferous trees growing on the globe, Canadian gray spruce is in a special position. The tree is loved by landscape designers and gardeners for unusual color needles, for the neat fluffiness of the branches and for the perfect conical shape. It adorns city parks and squares, pleases the owners of country houses with its northern beauty. plots, and is often used for arranging hedges.

Popular varieties

Existing varieties of wood allow it to be used in various compositions, and as a separate decorative element of the landscape. Consider the most popular varieties spruce canadian.

• Spruce canadian horse ("Conica") is the undisputed leader. It is actively used in compositions, in the stalls, grown in containers, decorated rocky gardens and terraces. The tree grows up to 4 meters, but reaches such dimensions only by the age of 60.

Possesses impeccable pyramidal crown in which the branches are closely adjacent to each other. This variety tolerates shading well and grows slowly, which suits many. Refers to dwarf forms Canadian spruce.

• Canadian spruce Echiniformis ("Echiniformis") - it is the slowest growing tree variety. By the age of 30, its height is only 50 centimeters, with an average growth of Canadian spruce 25-35 meters.

Very compact, with shoots of 2 cm and a crown of 1 meter, it is often used in rocky gardens, allowing you to create amazing compositions without too much shading of other flora. Photophilous, prefers slightly acidic and moist soils.

• canadian spruce daisy very similar to Konika. The variety is frost-resistant, but requires obligatory shading from the March sun. By the age of 10, it can grow up to 80 cm. It is interesting in decorative terms in May-June, when it gives yellow-white growths.

Looks great as a tapeworm in a heather garden and goes well with a plant composition rock garden.

• Spruce canadian alberta attracts with its spherical shape. A small tree, with a height of up to 1 meter and the same crown diameter, fits organically into oriental compositions, is used in rocky gardens and heather thickets. Exudes an amazing aroma, has soft light green needles, with needles 6-9 mm.

• Spruce Pendula("Pendula") represents the weeping form of Canadian spruce varieties. It was discovered by A.Karrier in one of the parks of Versailles. Branchy, with blue needles, it is of interest in the design of artificial ponds and pools.

How to choose a tree

Obviously, it is better to buy seedlings in special nurseries. When purchasing Canadian spruce, pay attention to the root system of the tree and the condition of the crown. If you take a seedling in a container, touch the needles, they should be elastic and fragrant. In nurseries, there is a risk of infection of young shoots with a red spider, so carefully inspect the shoot for white growths on the woody part. It is they who indicate that the plant was attacked by a red spider. Avoid this seedling.

Advice! Match the shape of the seedling with the variety declared in the documents. Take a closer look at the color intensity of the needles: healthy plant she is bright and alive.

Planting and reproduction

Despite the fact that the Canadian spruce tolerates the shade quite well, it is better to plant it on open areas. The tree loves fertile, moist soils, grows especially well on drained loams.

Planting a Canadian spruce. First of all, make sure that root system the seedling was not overdried. When planting, keep a distance of 2-3 meters between seedlings. The root neck of the plant should be at ground level. The depth of the pit is 50-70 cm. Please note that in the early years, Canadian spruce grows weakly and does not tolerate frequent transplants. She reacts poorly to compaction and trampling of the soil, does not like close proximity. ground water.

Advice! To get guaranteed positive result add 100-150 g of nitroammophoska to the soil.

Reproduction. The main material for propagation of Canadian spruce seeds. Before planting in the ground, it is necessary to carry out stratification (to withstand the seed at a certain temperature) for 2-3 months. This procedure will increase the germination of Canadian spruce seeds. If you do not want to waste time and want to plant a plant right away, soak the seeds for a day or buy ready-made seedlings. garden forms spruces are propagated by cuttings and very rarely graft the plant.

Advice! Young Christmas trees are best planted under the protection of older trees. Under their canopy they will calmly endure and spring frosts, and the scorching rays of the sun.

Canadian spruce: care

The first thing to take care of is to protect the plant from spring-winter burns. A frost-resistant tree does not respond well to sunny days in February-March. At this time, the root system of the spruce is in the cold earth, and the branches are exposed to the hot rays of the sun. The roots do not absorb moisture, the needles get burned and the tree loses its color. Experts advise to cover the spruce crown with burlap or agrofabric for this period.

Advice! Slight shading, which can be provided by planting a tree against the wall of the house or next to more tall trees, will help you create the perfect light setting for your Canadian Spruce.

Watering. Conifers are not adherents of strong moisture, but they cannot do without water at all. Canadian spruce is planted in places with deep groundwater. In dry summers, the tree is watered once a week. The amount of water depends on the size of the plant: young shoots need 10-12 liters, older individuals will need to pour 15-20 liters under one tree.

To prevent the spring "burning" of the needles, it is customary to wrap the Koniki bushes with burlap or other material that scatters the sun's rays, but does not disturb ventilation. A decorative mini-arrangement in a concrete pot with a Canadian Christmas tree in the title role is an excellent decoration for your home

• Rust appears on the branches as orange growths. With a significant lesion, the needles turn yellow and crumble. For treatment, Gliocladin or Vectra is used, processing the branches once a week for a month.

There is a great many ornamental plants, trees. Special attention attract coniferous specimens. For example, Canadian horsehair spruce is a dwarf version of the popular gray-haired Canadian spruce. The tree looks great, has nice looking shapes, an unusual attractive color. Konika has a miniature size in adulthood - a maximum of 2 meters.

Under special conditions, it reaches a three-meter growth. It was originally grown in North America. Since the beginning of the last century, spruce has spread to other continents. Gained popularity due to its compact shape and decorative functions. Konika is a "non-capricious" plant. Caring for her is quite simple.

Characteristics

The conic grows in a cone. Colors vary: light green, bright green, mint. The branches are fluffy, the needles are soft, the crown is lush. The roots do not go deep into the ground, almost all are located close to the surface of the soil (surface roots). Fits best in climate middle lane. Hot countries are an unsuccessful halo of habitat.

At the age of five, it reaches a height of 20 cm, by the age of 10 - 80 cm. The diameter of the base of an adult tree is 80 cm. It grows upwards by 3-4 cm per year, a rapid growth rate lasts until the age of 10-15 years. Further, it grows by 2-3 cm per year. At home, it will grow no higher than 30 cm. If the tree is properly cared for, its life span can be 300-500 years.

Canadian spruce Maygold is a type of gray spruce. She has characteristics- yellow growths. Other parameters are similar to Konika.

Home care

You can grow homemade spruce from seeds or buy ready-made in a pot. There is an option to dig a seedling from the forest. Bought a store seedling - change the earth in a pot.

We lay out the bottom of the pot with a drainage layer 10 cm high. The soil for planting should be mixed in the ratio of 2 parts of turf, earth with 1 part of peat, 1 part of sand.

We decided to grow a horse in a city apartment - get ready for a number of difficulties. The main problem is the overwintering of the plant. Konika is accustomed to wintering at low temperatures Oh. IN room conditions low temperatures cannot be reached.

An option for an apartment is to put the pot on the balcony for the winter. There conditions are as close to natural as possible. Worried that the temperature on the balcony is too cold? Then you should warm the plant. So it will turn out to grow a tree at home. Experts do not advise constantly keeping the plant in a city apartment. It is better to grow spruce at home for subsequent planting in the garden.

At home, watering should be done once a week. Otherwise, the needles will either turn yellow (which means you are watering too infrequently) or acquire a dark red hue (evidence of excessive watering). It is better not to put under direct sunlight - it will burn.

The darkest corner is not the best alternative. Choose the middle option. It is ideal to periodically rearrange the pot in order to avoid burns. An additional option is to put it on a sunny window, cover it with agrofiber. Additionally, you need to feed the plant with specialized fertilizers for conifers trees.

Tip: In dry weeks, water the crown with water - it will help to avoid overdrying.

spruce planting

Before planting, the roots are grown for three years in a pot, and then the spruce is planted on the site. The land of the site needs to be prepared: mix 1 part of peat, sand with 2 parts of turf, 2 parts garden soil. If the land on the site is replete with sand - add turf and loam.

The best choice of landing site is a shady corner. Elevated or excessively waterlogged areas are not suitable for Canadian spruce. The presence of groundwater under the landing site is not welcome. Windy places should be avoided.

The procedure is performed in spring, summer or autumn, depending on the root system. Plant a plant with an open root system - choose any of the proposed seasons. The root system is closed - planting should be done in spring or autumn.

Before transplanting, check the weather forecast - cloudy weather is suitable for this procedure. Bad luck, is the weather hot? The tree should be covered from bright sun rays burlap, agrofibre. The soil after transplantation should be thoroughly moistened, but it is important not to overdo it. The soil should be moist, not lumpy, crumbly.

Spruce care

The Canadian horse is unpretentious. Main - proper care at the time of disembarkation. Further, a minimum of effort is required. In hot summer days it needs to be watered, fertilized by special means. On dry days, watering can be done directly through the crown. Tree branches will be saturated with water, moisture will occur faster. After a couple of days, walk with a rake, a chopper under the branches - this technique will help to avoid peeling at the roots of the tree.

Crown mowing is not required - the spruce grows luxuriantly, independently forms a cone-shaped top of the tree.

Fertilizer will bring a positive effect in early summer, in spring. Take 5 kg of rotted organic matter, spread it under the branches. The roots are superficial, and the fertilizer will begin to act quickly. It is necessary to fertilize the plant annually - it is quite enough for spruce.

Diseases and pests

There are few obstacles that will prevent you from growing a dwarf spruce: improper care, various diseases. Here is a list of major diseases, common pests, treatments that can help:

• soil fungus Tracheomycosis. The fungus attacks the roots of young plants. A sign of the disease is redness of the needles. After changing color, the needles begin to fall off the branches. If you see an alarming sign, then rather dig up and burn the seedling. The tree cannot be saved. By digging up one spruce, you will save the rest of the plants;
• Schutte's disease. This disease is caused by a coniferous fungus. Needles will be an indicator of the disease. The needles of the needles turn black, then covered with a white bloom - a clear sign of illness. After whitening, the needles will fall off. It is better to notice the disease on early stage, try to save the tree. For treatment, treat the tree with a 3% solution blue vitriol, then apply Trichodermin. If the disease affected areas are too large, it is better to burn the tree;

During the winter months, spruce prefers a temperature of -15 to +5 degrees Celsius. Preparing for winter does not take much time. Add a 5 cm layer of peat under the lower branches. Sometimes peat is mixed with compost. The preparation is almost over. In winter, pay attention to the condition of the branches. If turned yellow - the winter sun burns the needles. Wrap damaged areas with burlap, agrofibre.

With the onset of spring, do not rush to remove protection. spring sun dangerous for branches. It would be better to remove the material that wrapped the top, close it with an awning. The awning must be installed with south side. In spring, the sun is hotter than in winter, and the roots of the tree have not woken up.

They cannot nourish the branches with moisture, and needle burns can occur. Did the branches get burned and turned brown? Do not despair. When the snow melts, the roots will begin to actively supply moisture, the brown shade will disappear, the spruce will return to its normal color.

Application in landscape design

For landscape design Canadian spruce fits just flawlessly. Surrounded by stones, the miniature beauty will attract attention. combination with similar coniferous plants favorably focuses on spruce. Spruce looks great alone, on the lawn, at the entrance to the house, on the terrace, patio.

Even the roof is decorated with wood. For decorative purposes, the tree is not cut, only dry, yellowed branches are removed. Konika independently takes a conical shape, a lush crown.

In a city apartment in a pot, it looks great in new year holidays. Decorate the Christmas tree as desired, set on the table, stool. Guests, children on a holiday will not be able to stop admiring the beauty and bright view of the tree. Water the plant abundantly while the spruce is in the apartment.

After the holidays, do not forget to return the plant pot to the balcony - from high temperature the room will dry out. With wintering on the balcony, the horse will live a long life in the apartment. For the summer, a pot with a plant can be exposed to fresh air.

Coniferous tree in a pot perfectly adapts to external factors, there shouldn't be any problems. The main thing is to transplant the plant in time into a container in size. A small pot size can kill a tree.

It doesn't matter how you decide to grow spruce - on garden plot or at home in a pot. In any of the selected options, the horse will delight you with impeccable appearance, miniature size, nice color. The main thing is to be patient - spruce grows rather slowly. But the result will exceed expectations.

Canadian spruce is one of the clear favorites for decorating a garden or suburban area. After all, she will decorate it throughout the year, standing out on the white snow with a bright green spot. It is on this that its popularity among landscape designers is based. Due to the unique decorative properties and gardener's fantasies can be created on the garden plot of creation of incredible beauty, which will become the special pride of the owner.

This type of spruce is the most popular among all representatives of the Pine family. Her homeland is Canada, it was from there that the green beauty was brought in in 1700. The main ones are:

In addition, spruce is winter-hardy and also resistant to droughts, which is especially appreciated by Russian gardeners. Today, about 20 species of this pine beauty are known. More popular is the Canadian blue spruce Albert blue, Sanders, Conica.

Preparing for landing

Canadian spruce is not particularly whimsical in care, although it requires some knowledge. After all, only a properly planted seedling will grow into a beautiful and lush tree, which will require minimal care in the future.

Seedling and site selection

Even if the seedling is purchased in a specialized nursery or from familiar gardeners, then you need to take the choice seriously and carefully examine the purchased planting material. good seedling must meet the following requirements:

1. Needles young seedling shiny, saturated color, and also without dried thorns.
2. The roots should be in a moist substrate, and in no case bare.
3. If the seedling is dug up immediately before acquisition, care must be taken that the root system is not damaged.

Description

Spruce Canadian Conica (Picea glauca Conica)- dwarf conical shape. Height 3-4 m, crown diameter 2 m. Annual growth in height 6-10 cm, width 3-5 cm. At 35 years old, height 3.6 m in some specimens. The oldest plant at the age of 60 years has a height of 4 m. The crown is dense. The needles are soft, light green. It is used for single landings, in groups, rock gardens. Spruce Canadian Konika decorative due to the correct, conical shape of the crown. Poorly tolerates compaction and waterlogging of the soil. Frost-resistant.

Planting and caring for spruce Canadian Konica

Soil compaction and moisture stagnation should not be allowed. The landing site should be away from groundwater. Definitely needs to be done drainage layer, in the form of sand or broken bricks 15-20 cm thick. If spruces are planted in groups, then the distance for tall spruces should be from 2 to 3 m. Depth landing pit 50-70cm.

It is important that root neck was at ground level. You can prepare a special soil mixture: leaf and sod land, peat, and sand in a ratio of 2:2:1:1. Immediately after planting, the tree must be watered abundantly with 40 - 50 liters of water. It is advisable to apply fertilizer (100-150 g of nitroammophoska, root 10 g per 10 l, etc.).

Spruces do not like dry hot weather, so during the hot season they need to be watered once a week, about 10-12 liters per tree. Carry out shallow loosening (5 cm). For the winter, sprinkle peat around the trunk with a thickness of 5-6 cm; after winter, the peat is simply mixed with the ground, not removed. Spruces can be planted in winter.

Approximately 2 times a season, fertilizer for coniferous plants can be applied.

Usually spruces do not need pruning, but if they form hedge pruning is allowed. As a rule, diseased and dry branches are removed. It is best to prune in late May - early June, when the period of active sap flow ends.

To protect decorative forms fir trees from autumn and winter frosts, they can be covered with spruce branches. (cm. , ).

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Gray spruce (Picea glauca) is defined in many reference books as Canadian spruce (Picea canadensis) or white spruce (Picea alba).

This tree is 20-35 m tall with a dense crown. In culture, by the age of 30 it reaches 15 m (Moscow). Skeletal branches in young plants are directed obliquely upwards, in old ones they are omitted. The bark of a gray-brown spruce was gray-brown, rather smooth. Needles 8-18 mm long, tetrahedral, bluish-green. Cones 3.5-5 x 1.5-2 cm, light green before maturation. Mature scales are light brown, thin, elastic, with a smooth edge.

Usually Canadian spruce forms pure stands in the forest zone of North America. In culture since 1700

The gray spruce is very winter-hardy, unpretentious, completely undemanding to soils and can grow on sands and peat bogs, it is drought-resistant. Many varieties are prone to burning in the spring.

There are about 40 varieties of gray spruce, mostly dwarf, whose descriptions are given below. whole group dwarf varieties- the pyramid is made from a variety of Albert (var. albertiana), which is found in the northwestern part of the range. As you can see in the photo, the gray spruce, which is part of the Albertiana group, is a very tall form with a narrow crown and small cones.

Spruce variety ‘Arneson’s Blue Variegated’(until 1989, USA). Gr. Albertiana. In the crown, branches with blue and green needles alternate, creating multi-colored areas on the surface. Coloration varies according to conditions. Burns in the spring.

Spruce variety ‘Biesenthaler Fruhling’. Gr. Albertiana. The crown is loose. Young shoots are greenish-yellow, old needles are green.

Canadian spruce variety ‘Blue Planet’(P. mariana ‘Blue Planet’) (1990, Germany). Miniature. At 10 years old, the diameter is 15 cm. The crown is round, very dense. The needles are very small, grayish-blue. Sport ‘Echiniformis Glauca’.

Spruce ‘Blue Wonder’(1999, Germany). Gr. Albertiana. Grows up to 1.8 m high and 0.8 m wide. The needles are blue. Reversions - return to green, rare.

Spruce ‘Coerulea’. Relatively high - more than 5 m, tree. The crown is broad-pyramidal, dense. The branches are raised. The needles are short, grayish-blue. Fruits well, dark brown buds.

Variety ‘Daisy White’(‘J.W. Daisy White’) (until 1977, Belgium). Gr. Albertiana. Sports from ‘Conica’. Young shoots are creamy yellow, then turning green.

Variety ‘Echiniformis’(until 1855, France). Miniature. At 10 years old, the diameter is 30 cm. The crown is cushion-shaped or flattened-rounded. The needles are hard, short, grayish-green, directed forward. Often gives reversions - powerful vertical branches with large shoots.

Gray spruce variety ‘Haal’(Alberta Blue’) (1976, England). Gr. Albertiana. Similar to the popular 'Conica', of which it is a sport. It is distinguished by strongly blue needles, although it is inferior in brightness to ‘Sander’s Blue’. Can give reversions - shoots with green needles.

Canadian spruce ‘Laurin’(1950, Germany). Gr. Albertiana. Sports from ‘Conica’. Grows more slowly. The annual growth is 1.5-2.5 cm. The needles are 5-10 mm long, green, thinner, tender.

‘Lilliput’. Gr. Albertiana. Miniature. At 10 years old, height up to 30 cm. The crown is very dense. The needles are green.

'Maygold'. Gr. Albertiana. Young shoots are light yellow. The old needles are green.

‘Pendula’(1867, France). A low straight tree. The crown is weeping, narrow conical. Branches hanging down. The needles are green.

‘Piccolo’(1987, Holland). Gr. Albertiana. Sport ‘Conica’. The needles are green, 10-15 mm long.

‘Pixie’(Canada). Gr. Albertiana. Miniature. The needles are green.

'Rainbow's End'(1978, USA). Gr. Albertiana. Young shoots are greenish when blooming, then yellow. The needles on mature shoots are green.

'Sander's Blue'(1986). Gr. Albertiana. Very bright, silver-blue variety, one of the best in color. The needles are most bright when blooming, with age they turn green. Can give reversions - shoots with green needles.