Clematis dies in a pot what to do. Why do clematis leaves turn yellow and dry: what to do. delicate climbing plant
Growing plants, flower growers put a piece of their soul into them. However, even under the best conditions, plants in the garden can get sick. So, clematis, especially large-flowered varieties with beautiful flowers saturated color, sometimes affected by fungi - causative agents of wilting. Withering is the most dangerous disease for clematis, which resulted in a very a short time the vines are completely dead. We have collected for you important rules prevention and control of this disease.
delicate climbing plant
Which are often called "lozinka" or "clematis", numbering about 300 different types are found predominantly in temperate latitudes. In private gardens, hybrid forms are predominantly cultivated, which differ big amount large and colorful flowers. They look for support, clinging with their antennae to the branches of neighboring plants or wrapping themselves around any rather thin objects, climbing up them, and are also used for landscaping fences, hedges, house walls and rose arches. Their twisted or forked leaf tendrils are so firmly attached to the surface that they are difficult to tear off. The support under the clematis must be reliable and durable. An ordinary thin stick will not be enough, because the fragile shoots of the plant can break, especially in windy weather. The consequences of this will not keep you waiting: clematis can get sick with a dangerous fungal disease - wilting. The fungal spores that cause wilting live in the ground and wait for the right moment to penetrate the damaged parts of the plant.
Few people know that the term "clematis wilt" combines two different diseases with a different course. This:
- wilting caused by a fungus of the genus Phomopsis;
- wilting caused by a fungus of the genus Fusarium.
Phomopsis wilt
Disease control measures
The decisive factor for saving the plant is early diagnosis. Older leaves in the lower third of clematis shoots are usually affected first. Therefore, starting in mid-May, regularly check garden clematis for leaf spots. In this case, the intervals between checks should be short, because the affected shoots die completely in just two weeks. Remove dead leaves and shoots. In no case do not lay them in the compost, it is advisable to burn them. Treat the clematis with a common fungicide.
As long as the fungus has not penetrated all parts, as a rule, the plant recovers quickly. In the case of a later recognition of the disease, clematis may not even be saved by fungicide treatment, because by that time the spores of the fungus had already penetrated into the tissues of the shoots, and it is impossible to completely destroy them.
Prevention
Dead shoots and fallen leaves of an infected clematis are infected with a fungus and, upon contact with other plants in the garden, can infect them at any time. Therefore, you need to be pedantic in matters of cleanliness and hygiene: regularly collect fallen leaves, as well as dry last year's leaves. The tool used to trim old branches should be disinfected with hot water or alcohol.
Favorable conditions for the development of the phomopsis fungus are created by a humid environment, moisture retention from rain and dew on the leaves. Therefore, provide clematis with a place protected from rain, with good air circulation.
Clematis "Prince Charles"
Fusarium wilt
Clematis also suffer from fungal wilt, the so-called fusarium, which is caused by the fungus Coniothyrium clematidis-rectae. Penetrating into plants through damaged and weakened tissue, the mycelium of the fungus develops from spores, which clogs the conductive vessels, as a result of which metabolism is disturbed. Fusarium wilt is most often observed in large-flowered species, as well as in young plants. In principle, any clematis can get sick with this disease. As a rule, strong and healthy plant. Usually, old and weakened clematis shoots are the first to become infected. A favorable environment for the growth of the fungus is also damage to young shoots at the base, which can be caused by strong winds, mechanical stress (for example, during gardening) or large temperature changes.
In contrast to fomopsis wilt, with Fusarium, all leaves and shoots above the site of the lesion lose turgor and wither. In addition, leaf coloring does not occur pointwise, but starts from the edges, which acquire Brown color, and gradually develops towards the middle. Since the development of the disease is promoted by high temperature (20-30 ° C), its first signs appear not earlier than the second half of June.
Disease control measures
If, starting in June, individual shoots suddenly died for no apparent reason, perhaps the causative agents of Fusarium were to blame. Now you should immediately take appropriate measures:
- urgently cut off all shoots at the base of the bush;
- collect all fallen leaves, including last year's;
- put them in plastic bag and throw it in the trash;
- after pruning diseased plants, the tool should be disinfected;
- Fungicides are ineffective against Fusarium.
In the case of early diagnosis of Fusarium wilt and timely adoption of appropriate measures, clematis has every chance to recover over time, because in this case, similarly to the case of phomopsis wilt, the mycelium of the fungus does not penetrate into root system, but unfortunately, it affects shoots and leaves.
Clematis "General Sikorski"
Prevention
You can, of course, choose sustainable species right from the start. But this is not the only way to reduce the risk of the disease. Proper protection begins at the time of purchase: for a powerful plant in a two to three liter container, the critical moment is already behind.
TO preventive measures against Fusarium wilt are, first of all, right choice places and good preparation soil for planting. Fungal wilt affects, as a rule, plants growing in unprotected, wet areas. Plants weakened due to unfavorable growing conditions are more susceptible to disease than healthy, strong specimens.
Clematis 'Duchess of Albany'
1. Location:
- protected from rain and wind;
- protected from sudden changes in temperature (cold wind, midday sun);
- best suited areas illuminated at least a few hours a day by the rays of the morning or evening sun;
- to shade clematis from the hot sun, it is recommended to use a shading net;
- the trellis, along which clematis shoots are allowed, should be fixed at a distance of 8-10 cm from the wall of the house so that there is good ventilation.
Clematis "Etoile Violett"
2. Soil/planting:
- Before planting clematis, the soil at the planting site must be thoroughly loosened.
- Remove any old roots from neighboring plants.
- Drain with sand or gravel if necessary.
- Between the clematis and the plant growing in front of it, it is advisable to dig a barrier into the ground that will not allow the rhizomes to crawl on top of each other.
- The container in which clematis was sold can also be used as a barrier. In this case, the bottom of the container must be carefully cut out.
- To improve soil structure, add leafy humus or mature compost.
- Plant the plant at a slight slope and two eyes deeper than in a pot.
- Apply bark mulch to discourage weed growth.
Clematis 'Betty Corning'
3. Care / mistakes in care:
- It is undesirable to loosen the soil around the clematis bushes with a rake, because there is a danger of damaging the roots or shoots.
- Avoid any damage to the shoots through which pest fungi penetrate the tissues.
- Stagnation of moisture in the soil leads to a weakening of the plant.
- Clematis should only be watered under the root, because it does not tolerate moisture on the leaves.
- Be sure to follow the pruning rules.
- Young plants in the first two years of life must be regularly fertilized and watered.
Clematis prefer coolness for their roots. In their natural habitat - on the edges of forests in the shade of trees - they are forced to fight, first of all, for sunlight. Therefore, it is not surprising that clematis do not like it when the bright sun illuminates the root area.
Clematis 'Pink Champagne'
hardy varieties
If you want to play it safe, already when buying clematis, pay attention to the original species, for example, purple clematis (Clematis viticella), the choice of varieties and forms of which will satisfy even the most sophisticated tastes:
- 'Prinz Charles': The color of the flowers is light blue, sometimes with a pinkish tint.
- 'Etoile Violett': Velvety purple flowers.
- 'Betty Corning': light blue bell-shaped flowers.
- 'Alba Luxurians': white flowers.
Clematis "Alba Luxurians"
There are several large-flowered hybrids that are not very susceptible to fungal wilt. These include:
- "General Sikorski": early variety With blue flowers with purple stripes on the petals.
- "Pink Champagne": spring flowering variety with bright flowers Pink colour.
- 'Niobe': An early cultivar with dark red, velvety flowers.
- 'Gypsy Queen': A summer flowering cultivar with dark purple flowers.
- 'Hagley Hybrid': Summer flowering cultivar with pale pink flowers.
- 'Jackmannii': summer flowering cultivar with blue-violet flowers.
- 'Viol': A summer-flowering cultivar with dark purple velvety flowers on long stalks.
Clematis 'Hagley Hybrid'
Small, tulip-shaped flowers of Texas clematis (Clematis texensis) are also distinguished by good endurance:
- 'Duchess of Albany': pink flowers with light stripes.
- 'Princess Diana': bright pink to salmon flowers.
Clematis "Princess Diana"
Quite resistant to diseases are Tangut clematis (Clematis tangutica), blooming with medium-sized yellow bell-shaped flowers:
- 'Helios': long blooming cultivar with yellow flowers;
- 'Bill MacKenzie': golden bell-shaped flowers.
Clematis 'Bill MacKenzie'
Conclusion
Protection of clematis from fungal wilt begins even when buying a plant. Purposefully choose hardy varieties. Phomopsis and Fusarium wilt occurs when the plant is under adverse conditions and weakened. If cutting off the leaves and treating the plant with fungicides gives an effective result in combating fomopsis wilt, then more drastic measures should be resorted to. In case of sudden wilting of all shoots, the plant should be cut at ground level. With the timely detection of the disease, the plant will be able to overcome the terrible disease, even if it takes not one, but two years to restore it.
Translation: Lesya V.
specially for the Internet portal
garden center "Your garden"
If clematis leaves turn yellow, there may be several reasons - lack of useful substances, fungal diseases, pests that affect the roots. Before proceeding with treatment, it is necessary to establish the cause that caused the yellowing of the leaves, perhaps the flower can still be helped.
Leaf rust appears as yellow or brown swellings on leaves and stems. As a result, they are deformed, the leaves dry out completely and fall off. At the same time, the plant is not deprived of the opportunity to form new leaves, in which there is a process photosynthesis, so rust does not completely destroy clematis. But from the new season, in the spring, the disease will spread to young shoots, and the bush may die. Therefore, in the fall, a complete pruning should be carried out - to the roots. Even if clematis fails to bloom next year, new branches will grow over the summer, and flowers will be in a year, but pruning will save it for the future. Simultaneously with diseased shoots, weeds growing nearby are removed, the causative agent of the disease can overwinter on them. All affected material is burned. Leaf rust treatment good results if the necessary measures are taken immediately after the appearance and detection of stains. The plant is sprayed with a two percent solution of Bordeaux mixture, oxychome, polychum or copper oxychloride.
Leaf spot occurs due to pathogenic fungi, and is also manifested by yellowing of the leaves. There are a lot of types of fungi, it can be difficult to determine which one of them struck clematis. Sometimes several pathogens are “visiting” clematis at once, and the leaves are covered with spots of different colors and sizes. But the good thing is that you can destroy them with one drug.
Ascohita fungus causes dark brown spots on leaves. Spots of yellow, ocher color appear due to the cylindrosporium fungus. Septoria appears as gray spots with a red border.
Whatever the color of the spots on the leaves, they all interfere with normal photosynthesis, which leads to the death of clematis. A flower, weakened by fungi, does not receive the nutrients it needs, the roots go into the winter without the necessary supply of nutrients, and if they do not disappear during the winter, in the spring they will not be able to bloom as luxuriantly and plentifully as before.
Clematis fungus is relieved with preparations containing copper, sprayed with copper or iron vitriol spring and autumn, one percent is suitable in summer Bordeaux mixture and its substitutes. Affected leaves and shoots are immediately plucked and burned.
The yellow mosaic refers to viral diseases. The virus is carried by insects sucking plant juice - caterpillars, mites, aphids, sawfly larvae, sucker. These viruses are not transmitted by airborne droplets, so it is important to treat clematis with insecticides so that insects do not even crawl on it. Yellow mosaic appears yellow spots, but some viruses simply discolor the leaves.
Damaged leaves are immediately removed, clematis is treated with colloidal sulfur, karbofos, trichlometaphos, and potassium soap. There are no specific preparations against yellow mosaic, but the listed insecticides effectively destroy both insects and the viruses they carry.
If a hosta grows next to clematis - treat them too, they are prone to the same viral diseases.
Wilting and yellowing of the leaves due to fungi located in the roots. This time, the fungi do not directly affect the leaves, but settle in the roots of clematis, as a result, the leaves turn yellow and wither, and the plant dies.
The phomopsis fungus enters the root from the ground, from there it spreads to the shoots, and develops pycnidia, which are a real breeding ground for the fungus. From the pycnidia, the fungus spreads to the entire plant.
The verticillium fungus spreads through the roots throughout the plant along with moisture, as a result, the clematis fades, the leaves turn yellow, and then begin to rot.
The fungus coniotrium attacks the shoots in their lower part. As a result, clematis withers, turns yellow and dies.
Flower wilting with yellowing leaves can occur due to strong temperature changes in warm winter with frequent thaws. And also in thickened plantings, on soil with high acidity, and stagnant moisture. Therefore, it is important to initially choose a suitable place for clematis.
To prevent the death of a flower, at the first sign of wilting, pour it under the root with a two percent solution of foundationol. This drug can also be used for preventive purposes in spring and autumn, it prevents the growth and spread of fungi, but does not completely destroy them.
As a preventive measure, you can use wood ash for mulching the ground above the roots. Ash is mixed with sand in a ratio of 1/10. In addition to destroying the fungus, it will make the soil not so acidic, and save clematis from other problems.
Yellowing of the leaves can be caused by the fact that the clematis roots are eaten by the larvae of the May beetles or nematodes. Pour it with a weak solution of manganese or water passed through the ashes.
Quite often, planting ornamental plants, you hope that they will bloom and please the eye. But sometimes it happens that the plant begins to hurt. In this case, you will not see any lush flowers or healthy bright leaves.
Did you know? Clematis varieties are registered by the Royal Horticultural Society, which is located in London.
Proper watering and soil care
Since clematis (clematis) are photophilous, thermophilic, love moist and fertilized soil, improper care for them can lead to poor condition plants or their death.
Let's start with watering. After planting, the plant should be watered every week in sufficient quantities. If hot and dry weather is established, watering is carried out every 5 days. After adaptation, the plant is watered every 8-9 days. When the ground at a depth of 20 cm near the clematis is dry, you need to water the plant.
In order for clematis to bloom profusely, the soil must be moistened to a depth of roots (60 cm). This, first of all, applies to bushes older than 5 years. You can do this like this: in a diameter of 30 cm from the bush, install containers with a hole in the bottom; after standard watering, fill them with water. Thus, the water will gradually seep into the ground and reach the desired depth.
Important! How older plant the worse it will bloom. Since every year the roots go deeper into the ground, it is almost impossible to moisten the ground at a depth of more than 80 cm.
Let's move on to proper care behind the soil. After each watering, it is necessary to loosen the soil so that it does not become covered with a continuous crust. Since the plant needs moist and loose soil, then great option will be laying mulch. For mulching, humus sprinkled with peat is used. This mulch performs several functions at once: it keeps the earth moist, fertilizes the soil, protects the roots from freezing and provides shelter for beneficial organisms(earthworms).
Why won't clematis grow? Perhaps because, in addition to mechanical processing of the soil, it is also important to apply fertilizers. Clematis spends a lot of resources on flowering and sheds all above-ground vegetative mass before the cold weather. If you do not feed the plant 2 times a month, then it will start to wither very quickly. You need to add about 10 liters nutrients for one adult plant (or 2 small ones).
Important! Small-flowered clematis fertilize 2-3 times per season (3 months).
Consider the shortage important elements, and how it is displayed on the plant.
1. Lack of nitrogen. When clematis lacks this element, its leaves turn yellow and acquire a reddish tint, the flowers are small and discolored. Nitrogen is most needed by the plant in the spring. For top dressing, ammonium nitrate (15 g per 10 l of water) and slurry (1 part per 10 l of water) are used.
2. Lack of phosphorus. With a lack of phosphorus, the leaves turn brown with a purple tint. This element is introduced in September. For top dressing, use superphosphate (20 g per 10 liters of water) or bone meal (sprinkle the ground with the calculation of 200 g per 1 sq. M.).
3. Lack of potassium. It leads to darkening and blackening of the peduncle and pedicel, the edges of the leaves become light brown. This can be corrected by applying the following fertilizers: potassium nitrate (used in spring) or potassium sulfate (at the end of summer) in a ratio of 25 g per 10 liters of water.
Is cropping correct?
This section will help you understand the reason why clematis grow poorly. Since this plant sheds almost all ground mass for the winter, in the spring it needs to gain it very quickly. In this case, each extra branch or shoot can affect not only the number of flowers and their size, but also whether the bush will bloom at all.
Proper pruning reduces the load on herbaceous plant in the spring and relieves the bush of dead and diseased branches. After the first year of vegetation, all bushes require heavy pruning. This way you stimulate the growth of new root shoots.
Important! If clematis does not develop well in the second year of the growing season, then in the fall a repeated “capital” pruning of the bush is carried out.
IN later years pruning is carried out depending on the plant group:
- Early flowering. After flowering, faded shoots, sick and weak, are cut off.
- Early summer flowering. This group includes clematis hybrids that re-bloom in August/September. Pruning is carried out in late autumn (sick, dry shoots are cut). They also carry out gentle pruning of last year's shoots by 2 mm.
- Late flowering. These include clematis that bloom in summer and autumn. In this case, strong pruning is carried out (leave 20 cm from ground level). Flowers next year will appear on new shoots.
It is important to adhere to the pruning technique so as not to damage the plant: you need to cut the clematis with a sharp pruner just above the kidney.
Important! After pruning each bush, disinfection of the secateurs is required.
Is protection for the winter reliable?
How to protect the plant from frost and hypothermia? Many gardeners have difficulty wintering this plant. Clematis may freeze and die, or it will not bloom well.
There are several options for sheltering clematis for the winter:
- dry;
- air;
- combined.
Air cover. Shoots for the winter are covered with a film (they install a frame and stretch the film). If the winter is not snowy and warm, then the plant can simply overheat.
Combined method. First, sprinkle with sawdust, and then build a frame over the plant and stretch the film. This method will be the most optimal, since the roots will be protected from frost, and the film will not let in excess moisture.
Clematis pest control methods
The plant is not protected from pests, which in one season can simply destroy your bush. Pests cause significant damage to it: they damage buds, buds, leaves and carry dangerous diseases. Consider the most dangerous pests clematis.
Nematodes
Important! The most dangerous for the plant is the root gall nematode.
It is impossible to get rid of nematodes, therefore the plant must be destroyed, and the soil must be disinfected (hot steam for 14 hours).
This pest hibernates under leaves and in cracks in the ground. The mite infects the foliage of the plant, which begins to curl and fall off. To fight, use an infusion of garlic (200 chopped onions per 10 liters of water).
beet aphid
Shchitovki
Like aphids, they feed on plant sap. To destroy scale insects use 40% ethanol with which the plants are washed every 10 days. Other pests (slugs and rodents) are destroyed by standard preparations or mechanical removal.
The main types of clematis diseases
Clematis has one feature - a well-developed root system that goes deep into the ground. Most often, because of this, these plants can die from various diseases. In this section, we will look at several ailments of this plant, figure out why clematis does not bloom, and how to solve this problem.
Did you know? Clematis is used medicinally as a stress-relieving and calming medicine.
Clematis rust is the appearance of orange pads on shoots, petioles and leaves. The disease appears in the spring. As the disease spreads, the leaves of the plant dry up and the shoots curl and become crooked.
The virus of this disease is a fungus that overwinters on shoots and infects growing shoots in spring. If rust-damaged leaves and shoots are not removed in time, clematis will develop poorly and may die. Rust on the leaves weakens the plant and negatively affects its wintering.
For prevention, we advise you to remove the weeds on which the pathogen most often overwinters. If it was not possible to protect the plant from rust, then at the first sign of it, damaged leaves and shoots should be removed, and then spray clematis with Bordeaux liquid.
Septoria (or leaf spot) is frequent illness among plants. This "ailment" and clematis did not bypass. The causative agent of this disease is the Septoria fungus.
This disease is characterized by the fact that many small round spots of dark brown color appear on the upper leaf plates. The size of these spots is 2-5 mm. They are black on the edges. A little later, the affected area brightens, but the black rim remains. If black dots appear on a light spot, know that these are the fruiting bodies of the Septoria fungus along with spores. These spores spread throughout the bush. Affected leaves turn yellow and die off.
The plant remains without leaves, as a result of which physiological processes are disturbed. The affected plant practically does not bloom, is deprived of immunity and is prone to other fungal diseases.
If the fungus spreads, spots appear on the petioles and on new shoots, the young bark dies off, and the top dries up. The black fruit bodies of the fungus pass into the wintering stage and survive the winter well on fallen leaves and bark. The spread of this disease is facilitated by cold and wet weather.
In order to avoid infection with a fungus (Septoria), you need to collect and dispose of fallen leaves, and then treat the sections with garden pitch. If clematis grows in greenhouses, then you need to reduce the humidity of the air and increase the exposure of plants to sunlight.
This disease is caused by phytopathogenic erizif fungi.
The first symptom of powdery mildew damage is white coating on clematis. Young leaves, buds, flowers and shoots are affected. Plaque can also appear on the stems and leaves of the plant.
After the raid, the first brown spots, leaves and shoots dry and deform. Clematis suffer from this disease most often in July and August. Hot weather promotes the spread of the fungus. If clematis is ill with powdery mildew, all parts of the bush with a coating should be cut out and disposed of as soon as possible.
Clematis is a favorite decoration of cottages and gardens. They often decorate fences, arrange a hedge, build arches for roses. And in order for clematis to please you as long as possible, you need to provide it with good support, as well as protection from wind and excess moisture.
Few people know, but it is the wind that poses a great danger to clematis. When plants cling to an unreliable support, they are easily damaged in windy weather. And weakened flowers become easy prey for a dangerous fungal disease- wilt (verticillium wilt).
In order not to subsequently fight fungal diseases, experts recommend that when buying, pay attention to varieties that are least susceptible to diseases. As a rule, these are species plants, varieties - Prince Charles(Prince Charles) Etoile Violet(Etoile Violet) Betty Corning(Betty Corning) Alba Luxurians(Alba Luxurians), as well as large-flowered hybrids - General Sikorsky(General Sikorski), Pink Champagne(Pink Champagne) Niobe(Niobe) Gypsy Queen(gypsy queen) Hagley Hybrid(Hagley Hybrid) Clematis Jackman(Jackmannii) and others.
Phomopsis wilt of clematis
Clematis wilting is caused by two types of fungi - Phomopsis and Fusarium. The wilting caused by a fungus of the genus Phomopsis can usually be observed in late spring - early summer: yellowish-brown spots appear on the leaves of clematis, which are located closest to the ground. Over time, the leaves die and fall off. The insidious disease affects not only leaves, but also shoots and stems. This fungus is able to completely destroy the ground part of large-flowered hybrids. It is easier for the original species - in their case, the disease does not pose a great danger, except that the leaves will be covered with small spots, but this is unlikely to lead to serious consequences.
In order not to lose the plant, it is important to diagnose the disease as early as possible. To do this, you need to periodically check clematis for spots on the leaves. Inspect the old leaves most closely in the lower third of the plant's shoots. Inspections should start from mid-May.
It is important to remove fallen leaves and dry last year's leaves in time. The tool with which you cut diseased shoots and leaves must be treated with boiling water or disinfected with alcohol.
A fungus of the genus Phomopsis actively develops in a humid environment, when moisture from dew or rain lingers on the leaves. Therefore, clematis is best planted in places with good air circulation.
Keep in mind that diseased shoots can die completely in just two weeks, so check the leaves regularly. Burn the affected leaves and shoots, treat healthy stems with a fungicide.
In no case do not lay cut diseased shoots and leaves in the compost, so as not to infect other plants!
If you found signs of the disease on time, and the fungus did not have time to penetrate all parts of clematis, then the plant will quickly recover. If you discovered phomopsis wilt late, then clematis can hardly be saved.
Fusarium wilt clematis
Wilting, which causes a fungus of the genus Fusarium, can most often be observed in large-flowered species and in young plants. In contrast to the defeat of the fungus of the genus Phomopsis, with Fusarium, the edges of the leaves turn brown (do not become stained), gradually approaching the middle. All leaves and shoots that are above the site of the lesion wither.
Fusarium disease is promoted high temperatures– 20-30°С. Usually the first signs can be observed in the second half of June.
Old and weakened shoots are most susceptible to the disease. Strong and healthy clematis - to a lesser extent. The fungus actively develops in lesions that appear at the base of the shoots of young plants during garden work wind, or significant temperature fluctuations.
What to do after you find wilting
After you find suddenly dead sprouts in your clematis, urgently take the following measures:
- immediately cut off all the shoots located at the base of the bush;
- collect all the fallen leaves (and last year's too);
- disinfect garden tools, which was involved in work with affected clematis;
- burn diseased leaves and branches.
It should be noted that in this case it is pointless to use fungicides - they will not help in the fight against Fusarium. If you take timely measures to destroy the affected leaves and shoots, then the plant will recover itself over time - after all, the mycelium of the fungus does not penetrate the roots, but only affects the aerial parts of the plant.
How to protect clematis from diseases
So that your clematis does not become a victim of fungal infections, it is enough to follow a few simple rules:
- choose a suitable place for the plant to grow - it should be dry and protected from gusty winds, at least a few hours a day it should be illuminated by the sun;
- to protect clematis from the bright sun, use a shading net;
- in order to ensure high-quality ventilation, fix the support along which clematis will climb at a distance of 8-10 cm from the wall of the house;
- the soil for clematis should pass air and moisture well; humus or compost must be added to it;
- in order to protect plants from weeds, the soil under the bushes can be mulched with crushed bark or other similar materials;
- clematis can be watered only under the root;
- young plants need to be fertilized and watered regularly (especially in the first two years of growth).
The soil around clematis bushes cannot be loosened with a rake - the root system and shoots can be damaged, thereby allowing pathogenic fungi to penetrate inside the plant.
In order for clematis to decorate your garden, you need to provide it with comfortable conditions. In gratitude for this, he will delight you with wonderful flowers. And our tips will help protect the plant from wilting.
Clematis, due to their decorative effect, almost immediately gained popularity among floriculture lovers. lush crown and abundant flowering allows you to effectively arrange garden arches, gazebos, balconies. Besides, clematis has medicinal properties , which have a beneficial effect on the liver, bladder, helping to increase the secretion of bile, urination. Also, the plant is used to treat gout, beriberi, tonsillitis, rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis with jaundice, hemorrhoids.
In order not to lose its presentable appearance, she needs to create the most comfortable conditions for growth and regularly inspect the vines for suspicious symptoms. It is important to know, what diseases are clematis susceptible to and what is their treatment is the most efficient.
Article plan
Fungal lesions
Withering
This is one of the most dangerous diseases, which is manifested by the loss of turgor in the shoots, the leaf plates begin to deform and dry out. The fungus is activated at the end of June. The pathogenic organism affects the root system of an ornamental culture, which goes deep into almost 1 m. Having settled on it, the fungus disrupts the metabolism in the plant with its vital activity, which leads to wilting due to deficiency nutrients. In the absence of proper treatment, the bush dies.
To know why clematis leaves dry, you can in the video presented.
source wilting clematis are disputes various kinds mushrooms. If the shoots are affected by a pathogenic microorganism of the genus Fusarium, then Fusarium develops. It can be recognized by the swollen bark in the lower part of the bush and the blackened lower shoots covered with spots.
The fungus Verticillium dahliae Kleb, after penetrating the plant organism, first infects its lower part, and then the stems, the color of which turns brown. Eventually the bush dries up. The whole danger of wilting lies not only in the death of vines, but also in the preservation of fungal spores in the ground. In the spring, when young vegetative organs begin to grow, the pathogen becomes active and exerts its detrimental effect on them.
The rate of the course of the disease is affected by the type of fungus that has become its source. There are pathogens that can completely destroy the plant in 2-3 hours. Therefore, it is very important to detect the disease on early stage development and take immediate action. Treatment of wilt on clematis it is recommended to carry out with a working solution based on Fundazol. It is good to spray the aerial part of the ornamental culture with copper sulphate, diluted according to the manufacturer's instructions. If the disease has already affected the entire plant, then it is already pointless to fight the fungus, it remains only to remove it from the soil and burn it.
Fungal diseases contribute to improper agricultural practices, hyperacidity soil. To neutralize it, the site is limed with an aqueous solution of slaked lime. In addition, when choosing a place for planting clematis, preference should be given to sunny areas and a normal level of humidity. To maintain the plant, it is necessary to periodically apply fertilizer mixtures, loosen the soil after watering and remove weeds.
Gray rot
The disease can cause serious harm to clematis plantings if the bushes are not properly assisted. Reveal gray rot on the foci of brown color that appeared on the leaves and stems. If putrefactive processes are found on the leaf plates, it is necessary to rid the plant of them and burn the damaged parts of the bush. Wet weather contributes to the progression of a dangerous disease. The very process of treating clematis is complicated by the endurance of small spores of the fungus, which can easily tolerate even low temperatures- frosts. They spread with the help of wind to neighboring bushes.
When determining the pathogen, all diseased leaf plates and stems with spots should be destroyed, and the bush should be poured under the root and sprayed with a working solution based on Fundazol. From preventive measures foliar treatments with a solution will be effective blue vitriol 1%. Work is carried out in spring and autumn.
Rust
The causative agent of one of the most common diseases of ornamental culture is a pathogenic microorganism of the genus Aecidium clematidis DC. Distinctive feature diseases - deformation of the stems that twist, and wilting of the deciduous part of the shrub. Such damaged parts must be destroyed immediately. It is very difficult to cure the attack because of the high degree of resistance of the fungus and its rapid reproduction. All nearby growing horticultural crops are under threat.
powdery mildew
Both powdery mildew and alternariosis can form lesions on leaf plates. Diseases are manifested through spotting. If you respond in a timely manner to the attack and remove the infected parts of the bush, then you can prevent the spread of the pathogen to other plantings.
To save a sick clematis, it is recommended to use special fungicidal agents. A solution of ammonium carbonate, prepared at the rate of 50 g of the product per 10 liters of water, has a high efficiency. First, the drug must be dissolved in a container of hot water, then brought to the desired volume and allowed to brew. Shrub treatments are carried out every 10 days.
According to observations experienced gardeners Powdery mildew can be defeated by using soda ash. The solution is prepared from 10 tablespoons. funds and 10 liters of water. So that soda does not lose its performance, you should not heat water over 55 degrees.
The fungus is preserved powdery mildew in weedy vegetation and tops. In order to prevent the development of the disease, it is necessary to regularly inspect the plantings, weed the soil around the plants and not plant too close to each other.
Diseases of viral etiology
Most often, clematis plantings are struck by a yellow mosaic, but only some varieties of this decorative culture are affected by it. The carriers of the disease are harmful insects, which must be dealt with in the first place. In most cases from viral diseases shrubs die, it is almost impossible to cure them.
Clematis pest control
The tender leaves of the shrub are especially loved by such harmful insects as:
Aphid
A favorite habitat for numerous aphid colonies is inner side leaf, where they suck the juice from plants. As a result of their vital activity, the loss of nutrients by clematis is observed, which leads to drying and twisting of the leaf plates. Considering that ants contribute to the spread small insects, it is necessary to carry out the struggle with them. On photo can be considered pest to start on time treatment plants.
It is effective to use Phytoferm against aphids. The solution is prepared at the rate of 2 ml of the drug per 1 liter of water. Spraying of infected plantings is best planned for morning or evening hours. Duration of action chemical agent is 10-20 days. The level of toxicity of the drug can be reduced if the treatment is performed at a temperature of less than 15-17 degrees.
From folk remedies green potassium soap has sufficient effectiveness, which must first be grated and then dissolved in water. The affected leaves are treated with the resulting working fluid. This process is laborious and time consuming, but worth it. You can also use celandine, which is insisted for two days, and then filtered and used for spraying.
spider mite
To destroy the pest, appropriate preparations are used, such as acaricides and insectoacaricides, for example, Actellik. It is used for mass infection of plantings. When working with it, precautions should be taken, given its high degree of toxicity. The solution is prepared from 1 ml of the agent and 1 liter of water, 2 liters of working fluid are consumed per 10 sq.m.
From folk methods gardeners enjoy soapy water based on dishwashing detergent. After spraying the shrub, for greater efficiency, it is covered plastic wrap for 2-3 days.
Slugs
Clematis are indeed luxurious decorative culture which requires some care. To keep them in a healthy state, you should regularly inspect the plantings and, at the first sign of illness, immediately begin treatment.
