Asparagus - home care for lush greenery. Asparagus home care transplant and reproduction
What unites asparagus, a popular ornamental houseplant, and asparagus, the sprouts of which we eat? Oddly enough, in fact, this is one and the same thing - in Latin, asparagus is called asparagus (lat. Asparagus). And in Russian, we traditionally separate edible plant species, calling them asparagus, and decorative ones - asparagus. Here is such a wonderful gift of nature - and beautiful, and edible, and even medicinal.
The genus Asparagus of the asparagus family includes about two hundred plants distributed throughout the world - from Siberia and the Primorsky Territory of Russia to the arid regions of Asia and Africa. Representatives of the species differ from each other: some of them are shrubs or semi-shrubs, others are lianas or herbaceous plants. General signs asparagus - flexible branched stems, small flowers, fruits in the form of berries, a powerful root, consisting of a large number of tubers.
[!] Moisture accumulates in asparagus tubers. This property helps the plant survive a long drought.
A special difference between asparagus is cladodia, shoots growing from the axils of the leaves, and underdeveloped, almost imperceptible, scale leaves.
Asparagus species
Under natural conditions, you can find the following types of wild asparagus:
- short-leaved, Dahurian - Siberia, the Far East, Northern China,
- Bukhara, Caspian, thin-leaved, seaside, medicinal, Persian - the Caucasus, Central Asia, the European part of Russia,
- curly, crescent, Meyer, climbing - Africa.
As a home culture, the most common asparagus is densely flowered (Sprenger), sickle-shaped, pinnate, Meyer, the thinnest, copper-shaped and racemose.
Asparagus densely flowered or Sprenger (lat. Asparagus Sprengeri) - a branchy shrub with shoots reaching a length of about fifty centimeters. The stems are covered with needle-like cladodes of rich green color and small scaly leaves. The flowers are inconspicuous, white or cream, after flowering, round red berries ripen.
A. densely flowered, Sprenger Or saber-shaped, (lat. Asparagus falcatus), got its name because of the elongated (up to 10 cm) narrow cladodia, shaped like a crescent. At young plant the stems are erect, and the plant as a whole resembles a cyperus. Over time, growing, the shoots begin to bend and hang down. The maximum length of the shoots of indoor sickle-shaped asparagus is about two meters. The flowers are small, white, with a pleasant aroma.
A. sickle-shaped, saber-shaped pinnate asparagus, (lat. Asparagus plumosus), perhaps the most common species. It is grown everywhere: at home, in offices, in schools and kindergartens. This unusual plant also appreciated for appearance, and for unpretentiousness. Short, densely growing cladodes look like soft needles and give asparagus an unusual grace and airiness. Young shoots are erect, growing up, the plant acquires an ampelous form. The maximum length of shoots in room conditions- about one and a half meters. Blooms rarely and only after reaching the age of ten.
A. pinnate , (lat. Asparagus densiflorus Myers), is distinguished by long pubescent shoots, due to which this species is popularly nicknamed "Fox Tail". Each shoot has a large number of short cladodia, which looks very decorative. As the asparagus grows, the shoots become woody at the base and bend under their own weight. Unlike other varieties, new shoots appear only from the root.
Asparagus Meira is grown not only as an ornamental indoor crop, the plant is often used as a supplement when compiling flower bouquets: its fluffy greens favorably sets off the brightness of other colors.
A. Meyer Asparagus the thinnest, (lat. Asparagus tenuissimus), in appearance resembles pinnate asparagus, but with longer cladodes.
Copperhead asparagus, (lat. Asparagus medeoloides) - a plant with strongly branching long shoots. This asparagus can be grown as an ampelous or climbing form. Cladodia are oval, shaped very similar to a regular leaf. Due to its large size, copper-shaped asparagus is more common in greenhouses and winter gardens.
asparagus racemose, (lat. Asparagus racemosus) - shrub with long pubescent shoots. The shoots are covered with short needle-like cladodes, soft to the touch. In general, the shoot of racemose asparagus looks like a twig coniferous plant. Intense pink flowers are collected in brushes, after flowering, red rounded berries ripen.
[!] When making bouquets, not only asparagus Meira, but also other types of plants are used. Florists often include asparagus in flower arrangements, sprigs with ripe berries look especially impressive.
Asparagus care at home
Representatives of the asparagus family are very unpretentious and undemanding to the conditions of detention. This fact confirms wide use asparagus as a room and greenhouse crop, as well as the cultivation of asparagus as an agricultural plant. Special attention it is worth paying attention to the mode of irrigation and illumination, since the main problem of asparagus - the fall of cladodii and baldness - is associated precisely with these factors.
Temperature and lighting
The temperature range that is comfortable for the plant is quite wide - from 14 ° C to 25 ° C. Moreover, in winter, asparagus prefers a cooler room - 14 ° C - 17 ° C, and in summer it can withstand heat up to 25 ° C. Lower or higher air temperatures are contraindicated for asparagus.
Lighting is an important parameter when growing ornamental asparagus. The fact is that with poor lighting, the plant sheds “leaves” - cladodes, and with excess sunlight it turns yellow. It is important to stick to the golden mean: the place should not be too shaded, but without direct sunlight. This can be a western or eastern window sill (with additional shading) or a space in the back of the room (1-2 meters from the window).
[!] The lack of lighting has a negative effect on the formation of young shoots: the plant stretches, stops bushing.
Watering and humidity
The frequency and organization of watering is another important point, which is worth paying attention to when caring for the plant. Both overflow and moisture deficiency are equally bad for the health of indoor asparagus - in both cases, yellowing and leaf fall begin. In addition, excessive watering can cause root rot, which will ultimately lead to the death of a green pet.
How to properly water asparagus? Abundant, but with good drying between treatments. Consider the process in detail: at one time it is necessary to properly shed the asparagus to the very bottom of the pot, then, after twenty to thirty minutes, drain excess moisture from the pan. The time of the next irrigation should be determined by the degree of drying of the soil - the substrate should dry out by half or two-thirds of the bowl.
[!] Thanks to the roots that accumulate moisture, asparagus is able to withstand a short drought.
Some flower growers claim that asparagus often suffers from a lack of calcium. To fill the deficiency of this mineral will help ordinary water from the tap, containing a large amount of calcium salts. It is not necessary to defend and filter water for irrigation.
Asparagus, like many other houseplants, prefers high humidity. Especially strong from dry air homemade asparagus suffers in winter - during the period when the central heating is turned on. To help the plant, the level of moisture in the microclimate of the apartment can be increased in several ways:
- The classic option is spraying from a spray bottle. Spraying frequency - once a day in summer and at least twice a day in winter, during the heating season;
- You can arrange containers of water next to the asparagus. Water evaporation will increase the humidity of the air around the plant.
- Another way is to place a bowl in which asparagus grows on a wide pallet filled with pebbles or expanded clay, while the pebbles need to be moistened from time to time.
pruning
Flower pruning is a procedure regarding which the opinions of Russian flower growers are divided. Some say that cutting asparagus is necessary, as this rejuvenates the plant and allows you to form a compact and neat bush. Others believe that pruning harms the asparagus by causing it to spend too much energy on growing new shoots. In fact, the truth, as usual, is in the middle - you can trim, but you need to do it carefully and prudently.
The best time for pruning is early spring, when the plant wakes up. For cupping, the oldest, overgrown and bald shoots are selected. The stems are carefully cut to the desired length: if you want new shoots to develop from the old shoot in the future, you need to leave about 20 cm with several internodes.
[!] On Asparagus Meira, branching from the old shoot is impossible, the plant develops only from the root.
Soil and top dressing
The soil for growing asparagus should be nutritious, loose, water and breathable, with a low level of acidity (pH 5.5 - 7.5). Of the ready-made substrates, universal soil and soil for ferns with the addition of vermiculite are best suited.
In addition, you can prepare the soil mixture yourself from garden soil (can be replaced with leaf and sod land), humus and sand (in proportions 2: 1: 1).
At least a third of the total volume of the pot should be occupied by a drainage layer. Expanded clay, broken brick, small pebbles, clay shards are well suited for drainage. Thanks to drainage, excess moisture will not stagnate in the pot and negatively affect the root system.
The best time to fertilize a green pet is spring and summer, in autumn and winter, during the dormant period, the plant practically does not need to be fed. As a fertilizer, universal mixtures are usually used, at a concentration recommended by the manufacturer. In summer, for intensive growth of green mass, you can try nitrogen fertilizing.
[!] Use nitrogen fertilizers only in summer or spring, during the growth period. Applying nitrogen at other times of the year will prevent the plant from going dormant.
[!] Nitrogen fertilizers in combination with a location that is too dark can provoke the appearance of overly elongated, bare shoots.
Transfer
Since asparagus grows and develops quite intensively, it needs an annual transplant. The time of the year most suitable for transplanting is early spring, however, if the plant has grown too much and the roots no longer fit in the pot, asparagus can be transplanted at any time of the year.
The best and most sparing way to transplant is transshipment: the plant, together with the old earthen clod, is moved to a new container, empty spaces are filled with fresh substrate.
Often the roots of asparagus are very strongly intertwined, and it is impossible to get a flower for transplantation without damaging them. In this case, the roots must be carefully cut, the slices sprinkled with activated charcoal and the asparagus moved to a new bowl.
[!] Do not plant young asparagus in a large pot "for growth". Too much soil provokes intensive development of the root system to the detriment of young shoots.
reproduction
At home, asparagus reproduces in three ways:
- dividing the bush
- cuttings,
- seeds.
The division of the bush- a method used in the spring, during the transplantation of asparagus. The old plant, after intensively spilling water, is carefully removed from the pot and divided into two or three parts, each of which must contain a sufficient number of roots and at least one growth point with young shoots. A dense root ball is cut or carefully torn, the places of cuts are sprinkled with crushed coal or "Kornevin". After the procedure, each new plant can be planted in a separate container. Further care- as for adult asparagus, with the exception of dressings that can burn the places of root cuts.
[!] The division of the bush is a painful and traumatic operation for the plant. Asparagus usually get sick for a while after separation.
Like most other houseplants, asparagus can be propagated with cutting. For cuttings, adult healthy shoots about 15 cm long are cut and placed in a peat-sand mixture.
To make the cuttings root faster, you can create a small greenhouse by placing containers with shoots in a bag or under a glass jar. Once a day, airing should be carried out by removing the covering structure.
The soil mixture for rooting should always be slightly moistened, and the air temperature should not fall below 22 ° C.
The best time to root cuttings is early spring. It may take at least one to two months before the first roots appear.
reproduction seeds- a rather exotic, but, nevertheless, quite a working method. For sowing, purchased seeds or seeds obtained from ripe asparagus berries are used.
After assembly or purchase, the seed material is soaked for two days in water room temperature, and then buried in a mixture of sand and peat and covered plastic wrap or glass, which are periodically removed for ventilation. The sowing depth must be very small, otherwise the seeds will not sprout.
[!] The best way to water the planted seeds is spraying from a spray bottle. This method eliminates soil blur.
After the seeds sprout and grow by about 10-15 cm, they can be transplanted into separate small pots (or plastic cups), and then, after about 3-4 months, into larger containers.
Diseases, pests and growing problems
The disease that occurs most often on asparagus is root rot. The appearance of this disease is associated with incorrect, too intense, watering asparagus. Root rot is a very dangerous disease that can lead to the death of a plant, so it is important to notice the symptoms in time and take the necessary measures.
[!] The edges of the cladodii of the sickle-shaped asparagus attacked by the spider mite are bent and warped. Unfortunately, even after a cure, the normal form is not restored, and healthy “leaves” can only be seen on fresh shoots.
There are several main problems that flower growers face when caring for asparagus. Let's consider them in more detail:
Leaf fall, yellowing of the "leaves" - cladodies - the reasons for this common phenomenon can be very different: too dry air, excess sunlight, too high temperature. In general, asparagus responds to almost every adverse event with yellowing and shedding of cladodii. Finding out what exactly caused this phenomenon is the task of the grower.
Sluggish, drooping shoots are a dangerous symptom that indicates the possible development of root rot. It is necessary to carefully examine the root ball for the presence of rot and, if the plant is sick, cut off the rotten areas, process the cut points, replace the soil and transplant the asparagus into a new container.
The pallor of the plant, a large number of elongated shoots is most likely due to the insufficient illumination of the location of the asparagus. It is necessary to move the flower to a more sunny place.
The benefits and harms of asparagus
According to the law of the genre, let's start with the bad news: asparagus can harm children and pets: the fact is that its berries are poisonous. Therefore, a fruiting plant must be placed in places inaccessible to children, especially since ripe berries look very appetizing.
The good news: asparagus is a volatile plant. This means that it purifies the air in the room and neutralizes harmful impurities in the atmosphere. And lovers of mysticism and esotericism believe that indoor asparagus is able to cope with negative energy.
As you can see, asparagus is a great house plant, both beautiful and, of course, useful. Give him your care and asparagus will more than repay you with natural beauty and benefits.
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Asparagus, whose photo demonstrates grace and decorativeness, is an unpretentious plant in terms of care.
A flower resembling lace can often be found not only on the windowsills of city apartments, but also as a decoration. office space, where it is usually placed by those who believe in signs that speak of its miraculous calming power.
plant description
Asparagus (asparagus) is a perennial crop of the Asparagus family., some species of which are edible. Soft narrow leaves an evergreen shrub or creeper is sometimes mistaken for needles, with which they have nothing to do. On herbaceous highly branched shoots up to one and a half meters in length, there are scaly underdeveloped leaves with hard spurs at the base. In the axils of the foliage sit numerous, collected in bunches, needle-shaped branches - cladodia. The rhizome is well developed and deeply buried in the soil.
Flowers solitary or collected in racemose or thyroid inflorescences develop in the axils of the leaves. After flowering is completed, small round fruits are formed with juicy pulp, hiding under a thin skin. At home, flowering is quite rare, especially if you do not know how to properly care for asparagus.
The natural habitat of culture is extensive. Asparagus is found in various climatic zones and parts of the world: Europe, Asia, Africa, North America. IN middle lane Russian asparagus often cultivated as a houseplant, which, with proper care, forms dense thickets of bright greenery.
Carefully! Asparagus fruits are poisonous.
Varieties of a tropical plant
Currently, there are more than 200 species of elegant perennial. Such species diversity turns asparagus, a mix from which it will be very easy to create, into irreplaceable plant for floristry. For cultivation at home, the following varieties are considered the most suitable.
Asparagus pinnate or Asparagus bristle-shaped (Asparagus plumosus)
A heavily branched semi-shrub native to the tropical forests of Africa, with soft central shoots that have a slight bend, which gives the appearance a special decorative effect. The stems are covered with scaly leaves 0.5 cm long, in the axils of which groups of thread-like twigs up to 1.5 cm develop.
Due to the side shoots located in a horizontal plane, a separate branch has a peculiar resemblance to a fern leaf. During flowering, which is practically not observed in the apartment environment, single white flowers bloom.
Asparagus the thinnest (Asparagus benuissimus)
The species is very similar to the previous one, differing only in the structural features of the cladodia: they are thinner, elongated, and located much more rarely.
Asparagus Sprenger (Asparagus sprengeri), he is densely flowered asparagus
Evergreen creeping perennial living in the wild on the slopes of the mountains of the South African region. The bare stems, reaching a length of 1.5 m, are covered with scaly leaves up to 4 mm, surrounding groups of 3-4 slightly curved cladodia 3 cm long.
Flowering is noted when pink or white fragrant flowers bloom, collected in shield inflorescences. The species has characteristic rounded red fruits. In the literature, it is often found under the name Ethiopian asparagus.
Asparagus meyeri (Asparagus meyeri)
View with single shoots half a meter high, which are very densely covered with phylloclades developing in various directions. The appearance of a separate shoot resembles a fluffy brush.
Crescent Asparagus (Asparagus falcatus)
Lianoid representative cultures with lignified, thorn-covered stems reaching to natural environment 15 m in length with a diameter of 1 cm. Formations in the form of thorns allow him to climb the support without any problems. This asparagus, which is easy to care for at home, has shoots with maximum length at 4 m.
In the upper part of the lateral shoots, covered with scaly undeveloped leaves, dark green crescent-shaped cladodes develop up to 10 cm in length. The perennial has good pruning tolerance. When flowering, it forms racemose inflorescences, consisting of small cream-colored flowers.
Asparagus racemose (Asparagus racemosus)
Semi-shrub with climbing shoots, the length of which reaches 2 m. The name is obliged to inflorescences in the form of a brush, consisting of bright pink flowers with a characteristic aroma.
Asparagus medeoloides (Asparagus medeoloides)
Liana stands out for its tall stature and very strong branching with evergreen cladodes. Feature shoots after cutting for a long time keeping fresh without water has made it popular among florists.
Asparagus pyramidal (Asparagus pyramidalis)
Semi-shrub with vertically growing shoots up to 1.5 m tall. The shoots are densely covered with short cladodes, which from a distance can be mistaken for a juniper.
Asparagus asparagus (Asparagus asparagoides)
Beautiful climbing perennial with stems 3 m long, which are covered with bunches of cladodes up to 3 cm.
In addition to cultivation in an apartment environment, for cultivation in open field for regions with a temperate continental climate, the following types are suitable:
- Common asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) or medicinal asparagus - a representative of North Africa, who feels great in temperate climate, therefore known as garden asparagus. It has smooth stems up to 1.5 in height, which are covered with filiform cladodes, collected 4-6 pieces in bunches. Flowers of white-yellow color are noted both on the stem and on the side shoots.
- Green asparagus, aka edible asparagus- a highly branched plant, rich in trace elements and vitamins, with a powerful rhizome and underdeveloped leaves. Asparagus shoots are eaten fresh and for preparing a variety of dishes.
Asparagus care at home
In order to get a houseplant to bloom and get lush, bright greens, it is necessary to provide proper care for asparagus.
Direct rays have a negative effect on the plant: in its natural environment, the culture grows in tropical forests in the shade of tree crowns.
To create optimal conditions, flower pots are placed on the windowsills of windows on the east or west side of the house or in the depths of the room, where the southern rays of the sun penetrate.
Temperature
If provided good lighting, then it is enough to create a temperature regime in the range from 20 to 24 ° C. With the onset of hot summer season the plant is transferred to Fresh air to a place where there is shelter from the scorching sun and draft.
In the winter season, it is enough to maintain a temperature of 10 ° C, which will not allow the shoots to stretch due to the short daylight hours.
Advice! If it is not possible to take the flower outside, regular ventilation should be organized.
Humidity
For normal development, the perennial does not need a high level of humidity, but it will be happy with systematic water procedures: spraying, bathing in the shower.
Evergreen asparagus needs frequent and abundant moistening with settled water.
The soil must be constantly moist However, water must not be allowed to stand.
With the advent of autumn, watering is reduced to avoid the development of fungal diseases.
Attention! As a result of fluid deficiency, asparagus can shed its leaves.
top dressing
Fertilizers in the form of a solution of complex mineral components for ornamental plants are applied under the flower only in the phase of active growth - from mid-spring to mid-autumn. Liquid nutrition is carried out along with watering twice a month.
pruning
Due to the specifics of perennial development, pruning of most species to form a crown is not carried out: the sprout develops from an underground bud, therefore, when the stem is pruned, the formation of lateral shoots and cladodes stops, and a new bud is formed. Shearing is well tolerated only asparagus crescent.
Advice! If the bush is old, then you can carry out sanitary pruning by removing dry sprouts.
Asparagus: transplant
Due to the rapid development of rhizomes and shoots, the plant needs an annual transplant. The best time of the year for the procedure is early spring, when:
- The rhizome is removed from the container, after which part of the roots and old shoots are cut off.
- Before preparing a soil mixture of sand, leafy and soddy soil in equal parts, a spacious pot is selected.
Any soil from the store is suitable for asparagus, or you can cook it yourself. You need to take two quarters of humus, one quarter of leafy soil and one river sand.
Attention! If the asparagus container is too tight, it can burst under the pressure that the growing rhizome creates.
This video shows in detail how to transplant asparagus, and in addition, there are many tips for caring for it:
Bloom
When growing asparagus at home, it is almost impossible to see it blooming. If this happens, the decorativeness of a flowering plant will still be inferior to the openwork shoots of a flower. When flowering, using a brush, you can carry out artificial pollination, which will allow you to get fruits.
Important! Due to poisonous berries, fruiting specimens should not be kept in places where children or animals can come into contact with the flower.
Protection against diseases and pests
Asparagus is a disease and pest resistant crop. However, with prolonged stagnation of water and a large drop in temperature, the perennial can be affected by root rot provoked by the fungus.
Among the pests, a spider mite is noted, the attacks of which are associated with low humidity and heat. Often, as a control measure, the flower is rinsed with warm water up to 45 ° C. If bathing does not help, treatment with insecticidal preparations is carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Reproduction of asparagus
Uses of asparagus
Asparagus is used in various areas of life:
- Floristics. Airy carved greenery has brought popularity to the flower not only among flower growers, but also florists, whose compositions often include plant branches: asparagus trifern is often used to decorate bouquets.
- cooking. Three types of asparagus (white, green and purple) are used as food, being rich in micronutrients and vitamins. The most common and easily available is green asparagus, without which some culinary recipes cannot be realized.
- ethnoscience. Beneficial features of this flower are not limited to purifying the air and enriching it with phytoncides. The perennial has medicinal qualities that can fight gout, liver diseases and other ailments, having sedative, analgesic, vasodilating, diuretic, blood-purifying effects.
Advice! Do not forget that no matter how undeniable the benefits are, the harm from the use of the plant also exists. Asparagus in some cases can act as an allergen.
Thus, due to the unpretentiousness of the perennial and its high decorativeness, asparagus is popular among lovers of tropical flora.
Spectacular ampelous plants such as Asparagus racemosus Robot or Asparagus Abu Dhabi with graceful flowing stems will add coziness to any room, adding bright colors of greenery to the interior.
Delicate, thinnest lace shoots - this is asparagus. The plant is very undemanding and hardy, which earned the attention of lovers of home flowers. Recently, asparagus appears less and less in stores, it is being replaced by plants with brightly colored leaves. But a well-groomed flower is not at all inferior in decorativeness to other plants, and if you show a little imagination, then from asparagus you can make a unique decor element that will decorate not only an apartment, but also a workroom. And in order to grow a wonderful flower at home, you need to learn all the secrets of caring for it.
Description of the appearance of asparagus and its origin
Asparagus - tender and elegant plant well known since the Soviet past. Then they decorated many institutions that were massively visited by the people, and even in indoor floriculture asparagus was popular. But with the arrival of the Dutch variety on our flower market, the plant was gradually forgotten. But the flower deserves to be again interested in not only sophisticated flower growers, but also beginners.
Asparagus has many faces. Its species are represented by evergreen perennial shrubs with a developed underground rhizome and branched stems, woody vines or herbaceous plants.
Asparagus has a powerful underground root, consisting of many tubers.
Stems are flexible and branched. Asparagus does not have leaves as such. Instead, on the branches there are numerous branches or cladodia collected in bundles. They are very similar to needles and seem prickly in appearance, but are actually very soft and tender.
The flowers are small - solitary or collected in inflorescences. Painted white, rarely pink or beige.
The fruits are like red berries. Inside the fruit are one or more seeds covered with a black thick peel. Berries are poisonous, so if you have children or animals in the house, you should take precautions!
Asparagus belongs to the Sparzhiev family, which includes not only decorative, but also medicinal and edible species. The plant is distributed almost all over the world - on the African continent, in Asia, America and Europe. But mostly prefers places with a dry climate.
Long periods of drought helps to survive the rhizome, which accumulates moisture for the future.
Growing asparagus indoors is easy. The plant is undemanding to the conditions of detention. Unless watering and lighting should be approached with special responsibility. And one more nuance should be taken into account - some types of asparagus can grow strongly and you need to allocate more space for them.
Asparagus is often used as an ingredient landscape design. The plant is a wonderful element of decoration and landscaping of cozy courtyards, terraces. Florists decorate bouquets and flower arrangements with sprigs of asparagus. The plant looks very impressive in hanging baskets or pots.
Species and varieties
The asparagus family is very numerous and has more than 300 dissimilar plants. But in home floriculture, this list can be called small. African members of the family feel great in the room. And on the street, Asian and European species take root better.
| Kinds | Description |
| A perennial plant with a compact size. stems erect or curly, can reach a meter length. Numerous stem branches are decorated the thinnest hard needles of shoots, giving this mind openwork look. It blooms with white flowers collected in inflorescences or solitary. The berry is painted in blue-black color. |
|
| The species is a liana, in nature reaching 15 m length. In room content, the dimensions are more modest - 4 m. Cladodia narrow and elongated, sickle-shaped. Their length is 10 cm. Spiny stems are grassy at first, then woody. It blooms with white fragrant flowers, collected in brushes. |
|
| Very decorative look. The stems are shaped like elongated spindle. They are very tightly packed needle-like hard twigs, which makes them seem fluffy. It blooms white in summer, with a pleasant aroma, flowers. The fruit is a red berry. |
|
| Very similar to asparagus pinnate. But has longer cladodia. |
|
| Bushy, very popular in home floriculture plant with hanging and strongly branching shoots. Light green needles are located along the entire length of the stems. It blooms with white or pink fragrant flowers. Often grown as an ampelous plant. |
|
| Not very similar to other species of the family. Is a grassy vine. Stems reach 3 m in length. Modified shoots are lanceolate, 2 cm wide, length - 4 cm. Flowering occurs in the summer months. White flowers that have pleasant aroma, after pollination become into red berries. The look is very decorative. |
Photo gallery: various types of asparagus
How to care depending on the season (table)
| Season | Lighting | Temperature | Humidity |
| Spring | The plant is photophilous, but sunny the rays can leave a burn on the tender shoots. If you want to place asparagus on the windowsill, then choose need northwest or north - east window. Western or east direction means shading light tulle curtain. And if your windows look out south, then the flower should be placed on some distance from the window. But not place the asparagus in the shade. The lack of light will negatively affect on young shoots, they will start stretch out and stop branching. In summer it grows well on the balcony, loggia or in the garden, but in light partial shade. | During the warm season, quite feels comfortable at ordinary room temperature from 18 to 24°C. | In general, the plant is well to the natural humidity in the room. But if it is very hot, then the dryness of the air can interfere with normal flowering. They may also start to turn yellow. cladodia. To fix the situation plant pot can be placed on a pallet with moistened pebbles. Spray into such periods are required. |
| Summer | |||
| Autumn | In winter, be sure to rearrange the plant closer to the window so that it receives more light. | Needs more in winter cool room. Temperature 14 - 16°С. The plant is very negative refers to a sharp rise temperatures in summer and lowering V winter period. Exception is only sickle-shaped asparagus. | Spraying during the heating period should be done with warm water regularly. But if the plant contains in a cool room, then procedure is not necessary. |
| Winter |
In summer, you can put asparagus under the shower, so it's easy to wash off the dust from the shoots.
Landing and transplant
planting pot
When choosing a new pot, it should be noted that asparagus grows quite quickly, so the choice should be stopped at a container that is more spacious than the previous one. Otherwise, adult specimens will have to be transplanted more often, which is undesirable. Of the materials, preference should be given to ceramics, but not glazed, in such a pot gas exchange processes are better, which will help to cope with high humidity. Do not forget that the pot must have a drainage hole.
For young specimens, the volume of the pot should not be chosen very large, since the root system will first of all begin to develop the space, and the green part will lag behind in growth.
The soil
Asparagus is undemanding to the composition of the earth. For planting or transplanting, a slightly acidic universal soil or soil mixture for ferns is suitable. To improve moisture conductivity, a little coarse sand can be added to the finished mixtures.
But best of all, asparagus will grow in a substrate that has been prepared specifically for it. At home, this is very easy to do, you just need to mix:
- 1 part humus,
- 1 part leaf land
- 0.5 parts of coarse sand,
- 1 part of sod land.
Be sure to use drainage - it will help prevent stagnation of water in the root system. Its volume should occupy approximately 1/3 of the total volume of the pot. Drainage can be purchased at a flower shop or you can use clay shards, broken bricks, small pebbles, or pieces of foam.
Only young and fast-growing specimens need an annual transplant. Asparagus does not really like being disturbed, so adult specimens are transplanted by transshipment as needed 1 time in 2 - 3 years.
Step by step transplant process
It is best to transplant asparagus in the spring - in April or May, when the period of active growth begins. A plant purchased in autumn can be transplanted after a week of adaptation into a new container with a suitable substrate.
Since asparagus does not like the transplant process, after it the plant will need some time to recover. During this period, negative consequences may appear in the form of yellowing of the shoots and even their drying. To help the plant cope with a stressful situation, place it after transplanting in a slightly shaded place, exclude being in a draft and carefully control the humidity of an earthen coma - waterlogging and overdrying will even negatively affect healthy plant. Do not give feed.
Asparagus care at home
Proper care at home will help maintain a decorative and healthy appearance of the plant for many years.
How to water
Watering should be approached with particular seriousness. Asparagus does not like waterlogging and dry land. You need to find a middle ground - the top layer of the earth needs to dry out before the next watering, but the earth in the middle of the pot should be in a moderately wet state.
When watering, remember that asparagus roots are able to accumulate moisture, so stagnant water in the roots is highly undesirable - it can destroy the plant.
During the growth period, in spring and summer, you need to water abundantly and regularly, preventing the soil from drying out. After watering, you should wait until the liquid flows into the pan and pour it out to avoid rotting of the root system.
In winter, the frequency of watering is reduced. Only warm water is used for humidification. Some growers in cold period practice bottom watering, that is, through the pan.
What fertilizer to apply and when
In the spring-summer period, asparagus should receive nutrients which are paid twice a month. Suitable for plants complex fertilizers for decorative foliage. The dosage can be slightly reduced. In summer, if the flower is kept in a well-lit place, you can pamper the asparagus with nitrogen-containing additives that will help build up the green mass. But the amount of nitrogen should be reduced if the plant is in a darkened room. Otherwise, the stems will be strongly stretched.
And asparagus is very responsive to organic matter, which can be alternated with mineral fertilizers.
Features of flowering
Only adult plants that are 5 or 6 years old bloom. The small flowers are usually white, although cream and pink shades are also found. They are located in the leaf axils singly or in brushes. After artificial pollination, a fruit ripens in place of the flower - a red berry.
At home, flowering, although rare, can still be seen.
rest period
For asparagus, the dormant period is a relative phenomenon. Even in winter, it grows slowly. Therefore, we do not stop fertilizing, although we reduce the frequency of fertilizing by 2 times - it will be enough 1 time per month. We water rarely. We choose a bright and cool room for the plant - an average of 15 ° C. But not below 10°C.
Do you need pruning
Asparagus is often grown as an ampelous plant and does not need targeted formative pruning. Moreover, if you cut a healthy branch, it will not branch and may die off soon. Only yellow, old stems are subject to removal. Such a procedure, carried out during transplantation, will give impetus to the development of young shoots and maintain the decorative appearance of the plant.
Diseases and pests
Unpretentious asparagus, with proper care, is rarely exposed to diseases. More often, care errors that cause damage to appearance may appear. Pests will gladly settle on a weakened flower. To save the plant, you need to identify the problem in time and apply treatment measures, and then eliminate the cause of the disease or the spread of pests.
Table: diseases and pests characteristic of asparagus
| Diseases and pests | Symptoms | Prevention and treatment |
| Asparagus turns yellow and crumble |
insufficient watering.
room.
lighting.
nutrients |
overdry. Choose a frequency
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| The stems are stretched and become pale | Insufficient lighting at excess fertilizer, containing nitrogen. |
Sveta. If this is not possible,
fertilize often with nitrogen. |
| On the edge of the run appear brown spots | Sunburn | The plant that stands on the south window should be shaded at noon. |
| asparagus suspends growth or stop altogether grow | Not enough nutrients substances. | Asparagus all year round feed general purpose fertilizers. |
| Growing on the street asparagus fall off cladodia | Outdoor temperature dropped too much the plant is frozen. |
temperature not higher than 15°C.
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| Asparagus drooped and began wither | Root rot from excessive moisture. |
state of the root system. Need to
antifungal drugs - |
| Feeding on plant sap greatly weakens it. Cladodia turn yellow. |
The solution is prepared from 1 - 2 ml of the drug for
problematic, but put under the shower and
stems with a weak solution of household
air, so the main preventive |
|
| spider mite | The pest drains plant sucking out him juices. Flower turns yellow, and if not take action, you can and die. |
|
| cause discoloration and yellowing of shoots. The plant stops in growth. |
(according to instructions). Processing, at least 2 times, Rotten asparagus roots turn black spider mite gives out a light cobweb Thrips leave behind a silvery coating, which can cause a fungal infection Reproduction methodsAsparagus can be propagated in 3 ways - by seeds, cuttings and division of the rhizome. All of them are successfully used in home floriculture. Propagation with seedsSeeds can be purchased at a flower shop, or can be obtained at home by artificially pollinating a flowering plant. Seeds are recommended to be sown after harvest. Sowing time is from February to March.  cuttingsFor this method, adult shoots are suitable, the length of which is at least 15 cm. The cutting material is harvested in early spring.
Reproduction by division of the rhizomeThe division of the rhizome can be called a classic method that allows you to rejuvenate and propagate asparagus. It is the simplest of the above and is always combined with the transplant process. 
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Amazing and beautiful asparagus pleases people with the decorativeness of the crown in a flower bed, in an apartment. Garden vegetable crops of medicinal asparagus are used in cooking and medicine. They give health, thanks to the beneficial substances found in its roots, young shoots.
Description and features of asparagus
Asparagus, one of the representatives of the Asparagus family, but recently it has been isolated as a separate genus of Asparagus. They grow in the form of perennial shrubs, emerald lianas. native to tropical countries humid climate: Asia, Europe, South Africa, America, Caucasus.
Pictured asparagus Meyer
It is successfully grown at home and garden culture. Some species are known as medicinal and culinary representatives. Stems, roots, which contain trace elements and vitamins, are considered useful.
asparagus flowers do not stand out for their special beauty, on the contrary, they are small, inconspicuous, sticking out of the axils of tiny leaves. covered with needle-shaped twigs, which give it a special charm and decorative effect. Their height reaches up to 1.5 meters.
The root system with horizontal rhizomes is well developed. A fruit in the form of a berry with several large seeds, having a thick, blackish shell.
Planting and propagation of asparagus
Asparagus at home loves loose, slightly acidic, fertile soil. Flowerpots should be chosen voluminous, lay clay-soddy, leafy soil in them with the addition of river sand.
Garden asparagus should be planted in sunny areas with well-drained soil. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that garden specimens are long-lived and occupy one place up to 20 years.
Pictured asparagus asparagus
The location near them of non-shade-loving bushes is undesirable. Since they tend to grow strongly and clog those sitting next to them. grow asparagus can be from seeds and vegetatively.
reproduction asparagus from seeds:
Seeds remain viable for several years proper storage(dry place).
Before sowing, planting material is soaked for several days. Since they wake up quickly, a growth stimulator is not required for it.
The optimal landing time is March. At this time, there is enough light. More early sowing become more complicated additional lighting for seedlings.
Seeds are sown in the prepared substrate and covered with a plastic cap.
Maintain the temperature in the range of 21-23 degrees C.
Under favorable conditions (airing, spraying), seedlings will appear in one month.
As soon as the seedlings grow to 10 cm, they are ready to dive.
For seedlings, prepare separate small containers. Since after 30 days they will again need to be transplanted into other flowerpots. Now in bulk.
There is one feature - the rapid growth of rhizomes and the expulsion of soil. Therefore, the pots are not filled with nutrient soil to the very top.
Reproduction of asparagus dividing the rhizomes:
Adult specimens of 3 years of age are suitable for this type of reproduction. Since they have a well-grown root system and will not suffer much during division.
It is not bad to combine the procedure with the spring transshipment of an adult. The bushes will simultaneously receive rejuvenation and new specimens.
The plant is carefully pulled out of the flowerpot, divided into divisions. Do not forget to inspect the rhizome and remove old, rotten elements.
Each part is planted in a separate container with fertile and well-drained soil.
Experience a lot of stress during this procedure. To reduce it, place the pots in a dark place with a temperature of no more than 15 degrees C.
Keep the plant under these conditions for 30 days. Water it periodically.
Then, pull out to a bright place.
Reproduction by cuttings is rarely used, since basically, the procedure is doomed to failure. But if you still decide to use this method, then the cuttings are prepared in the spring. Prepare containers with wet sand, where the branches sit.
In the photo asparagus purple asparagus
Cover them with glass jars to create the right microclimate. While rooting will take place, ventilate and spray the cuttings. The result should be expected in 1-1.5 months. Transplant the cuttings into nutrient soil.
asparagus care
At home asparagus care the following will be required:
Types and varieties of asparagus
Numerous asparagus species conditionally can be divided into decorative, medicinal and culinary. They are grown in the garden and at home. Among the indoor subspecies, the most famous are:
asparagus meyer(Asparagus meyeri). It grows as a small shrub up to 50 cm in length. But the sprawling can boast among other indoor asparagus. The branches reach up to 6 meters in girth.
side shoots modified and do not have leaves. As a result, the branch is strewn with fluffy needles, like a “fox tail”. Needles with a soft structure, although the appearance is menacing.
Fragrant whites allow the use of shrubs in living compositions. Buy asparagus can be in the nursery or ordered via the Internet. The cost of a flower in a pot is estimated at 1000 rubles.
Pictured asparagus crescent
asparagus sickle(Asparagus falcatus). It is a vine or shrub. shoots homemade asparagus have the appearance of lignified branches of an emerald hue, covered with thorns, hook-shaped. They help to cling to foreign objects stretch up to 7 meters in length. In the wild, the flower lives in the mountainous regions of Asia.
Asparagus Sprenger(Asparagusden siflorus Sprengeri). Grow a shrub for decorative purposes. Shoots are endowed with needles. Branches of an emerald shade create a unique crown in the form of a sprawling bush. Fruit burgundy ripen from white inflorescences, gathering in an ear.
Pictured asparagus Sprenger
Asparagus Pinnate(Asparagus plumosus). Shoots are curved. The stems in the process of development lost their leaves and now they are phylloclades collected in bunches. Perennial blooms with snow-white buds, very small in size. The fruits are black with a blue tint.
In the photo, asparagus pinnate
Asparagus (asparagus) or asparagus asparagus. Its roots go back to South Africa. An unusual picture is created by a decorative one in the house, when instead of fragrant white flowers, bright red fruits appear.
asparagus asparagus
Among the garden subspecies, the most famous are:
medicinal asparagus(Asparagus officinalis). It is classified as a vegetable crop, as it is actively used for food: raw, boiled, fried, and is considered a delicacy. How the substitute is added to coffee. It is cultivated and grown for sale.
In the photo, medicinal asparagus
If we talk about its natural places, then you can meet it in the vastness of the Caucasus, the Balkans.In the small axils of the leaves, needle-shaped green branches develop.Shoots grow at an acute angle to the stem.
The original red fruits contain numerous black seeds.Roots and young shoots are used in traditional medicine. Preparations based on them have laxative, diuretic, vasodilating properties.Traditional medicine offers decoctions that are used for pain in the heart.
Pictured asparagus white asparagus (Asparagus L.). They call it the most useful, dear vegetable crop. Young shoots are used in cooking. One can give up to 8 shoots. Only one side dish can be prepared from this quantity.
Hence its expensive price of 1320 rubles per kg. White color has early asparagus, not yet touched sunbeams. Then, its color takes on a green and purple hue.
To preserve the color of asparagus in its original form, ripe shoots are placed in a building with a temperature of 1 degree C. Under such conditions, asparagus can be stored for 2 weeks.
Diseases and pests of asparagus
Often the cause of the disease asparagus plant may be improper care:
As a result, insufficient watering of the soil, sunburn, insufficient moisture, asparagus turns yellow.
Spots on leaves. Cause: sunburn. Treatment: normalize sanctification.
Pale shade of leaves. Reason: lack of light. Treatment: rearrange the plant closer to diffused light.
fungal disease
Rust. Symptoms: appear on needles yellow raids. Over time, the color will change to a darker one. As a result of infection, dehydration, falling of needles is observed.
Fight: treat at the first symptoms with Bordeaux liquid or a preparation containing sulfur in its composition.Also, the plant can be affected by pests, the most common:
Thrips. Pests mainly attack young shoots indoor asparagus. Sucking insects pierce the needle-like twig of the plant and suck out the life-giving juice.
Pictured is asparagus tenuifolius
Fight: collect insects with a vacuum cleaner. If buds appear, pluck. In case of severe infection, change the flowerpot, soil, and treat the plant with insecticides.
Asparagus ratchet. In garden culture, insects lay larvae. They eat shrub leaves and fruit seeds. For preventive purposes, in early spring, spray the bushes with pyrethrum.
Asparagus fly. Symptoms: the appearance of passages on the stem by larvae. Fight: remove sprouts if they are affected. After harvesting, treat the soil with fungicides, dig the soil to the depth of a shovel. With a strong infection, it is better to change the site for asparagus.
Asparagus (Asparagus)
Family- asparagus.
Origin- Asia, South Africa, the Mediterranean coast.
Asparagus is a perennial plant that flower growers love. It can be herbaceous, semi-shrub or even liana. Instead of leaflets - cladodia, or shortened shoots that have a leaf-like or needle shape. However, there are also leaves, only underdeveloped - they look like small film scales.
Asparagus blooms with small white flowers, collected in inflorescences, with a pronounced aroma. If desired, artificial asparagus is pollinated during flowering, after which red berries form within two to three months. They can be used for further reproduction asparagus seeds.
Types and photos of asparagus
Pinnate Asparagus (Asparagus plumosus)- perhaps the most common type of asparagus in indoor floriculture. It is often confused with a fern, although, unlike the latter, asparagus is much more pleasant to keep, not demanding on specific care. In creating bouquets of fresh flowers, often the delicate greenery of pinnate asparagus is used to complement the composition.
By name it is clear that this species is equipped with feathery needles, mistaken for leaves. Delicate openwork branches-shoots are located horizontally. This small plant valued for its decorative qualities of greenery.
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Sprenger Asparagus (Asparagus sprengeri)- if we continue analogies with other representatives flora, asparagus cladodia leaves of this species are similar to fir needles and can reach 3 cm in length. This plant is a “cap” of thin hanging shoots. It has decorative qualities not only due to the rich emerald green, but also the red berries that form after flowering.
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Asparagus falcatus (Asparagus falcatus)- outwardly radically different from their counterparts - asparagus of other species. Large cladodes (up to 5 cm in length) and long spiky stems (up to a meter) are the hallmarks of crescent asparagus.
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Asparagus meyeri (Asparagus meyeri)- not very common in indoor floriculture, but still a common type of asparagus. Differs in highly decorative properties. Straight, hard shoots reach 55 cm in length, densely covered with cladodes up to 3 cm in length.
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Asparagus asparagus (Asparagus asparagoides)- a shrub with hanging stems, which can also curl. Cladody leaves are heart-shaped, up to 4 cm long. In nature, the shoots spread along the ground, and in indoor floriculture this plant is grown in a pot or planter. Asparagus shoots of this species are also used in the preparation of living bouquets, because after cutting these branches can stand in the water for a long time. Of the listed species, it is the asparagus that is the most capricious to the conditions of detention, and successfully growing it at home is the most difficult.
Asparagus care at home
Temperature regime. IN winter time asparagus, like many others houseplants, needs a period of rest. The optimum temperature for keeping asparagus in winter is +15 degrees. If the rest mode at home is not observed, there is a high probability of shedding needles.
Lighting. In summer, the ideal place for keeping asparagus is partial shade, it can be on the balcony or even on the street, although asparagus normally tolerates bright light, with the exception of direct sunlight.
Watering. In winter it is moderate. Increase in February, when young shoots begin to appear. In the summer, watering is plentiful, combined with spraying. It is important to prevent stagnation of water in the pan. In autumn, watering is reduced, but morning sprays are left if the room is warm and dry.
top dressing. In the summer - alternately mineral and organic, once a week or 10 days. The number of top dressings with the onset of autumn is reduced, and stopped in winter.
Earthmixture. For asparagus make up soil mixture from equal parts of light sod, deciduous and peat soil, humus and sand, with the addition of bone meal.
Transfer. Young asparagus are transplanted annually in the spring, old ones - with an interval of two or three years. Before transplanting (several hours), it must be watered abundantly to soften the earthen lump. During transplantation, the plant is carefully removed from the pot and the rhizome is divided into several parts with a knife. At the same time, you need to try not to damage the earthen ball. Then the rhizome is inspected for damaged parts (rotten and dried).
Separated plants are transplanted into different pots.
reproduction. The most common way to propagate asparagus is by dividing the bush. It is performed during the spring transplant. Another option is seed propagation. Sowing is carried out in the spring, humus-peat soil mixture is used for sowing. Seeds are carefully laid out on the surface of the soil at a distance of one and a half to two centimeters from each other, pressing into the ground with a finger. For good germination, it is necessary to cover the pot with glass or film, while not forgetting to ventilate and water regularly. Seedlings are transplanted when the seedlings overcome the threshold of 10 cm. They are planted in pots of 2-3 pieces to make the bush look more lush. For planting, take the soil mixture described above.
Possible problems when growing asparagus
- this may be due to an excess of heat: the plant is in direct sunlight or insufficient watering and dry air often lead to such an unpleasant effect. If the asparagus crumbled, measures should be taken - cut dry and bare stems, increase watering. In winter, if shedding is caused by non-compliance with the rest mode, while watering was active, watering is reduced.
spider mite affects asparagus in excessively dry air. Unfortunately, traditional methods The plant may not survive the fight against this pest, so the only option to eliminate the tick is to regularly remove the web and trap the pests by hand and frequent spraying.
Lotiana specially for the site All about flowers
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